title: Metronidazole reduces intestinal inflammation and blood loss in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced enteropathy.
abstract: This study assessed the effect of metronidazole on the gastroduodenal mucosa, intestinal permeability, blood loss, and inflammation in patients on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Thirteen patients were studied before and after 2-12 weeks' treatment with metronidazole 800 mg/day, while maintaining an unchanged NSAID intake. Intestinal inflammation, as assessed by the faecal excretion of indium-111 labelled neutrophils, and blood loss, assessed with chromium-51 labelled red cells, were significantly reduced after treatment (mean (SD) 111In excretion 4.7 (4.7)% v 1.5 (1.3)% (N < 1.0%), p < 0.001, 51Cr red cells loss 2.6 (1.6) ml/day v 0.9 (0.5) ml/day (N < 1.0 ml/day), p < 0.01). Intestinal permeability assessed as the 5 hour urinary excretion ratio of 51CrEDTA/L-rhamnose did not change significantly (0.133 (0.046) v 0.154 (0.064), p > 0.1) and there were no significant changes in the endoscopic or microscopic appearances of the gastroduodenal mucosa. These results suggest that the neutrophil is the main damaging effector cell in NSAID induced enteropathy. The main neutrophil chemo-attractant in this enteropathy may be a metronidazole sensitive microbe.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Biochemistry, King's College School of Medicine, London.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bjarnason
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayllar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smethurst
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gumpel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D008795:Metronidazole