title: Interleukin-1 of cholesteatomatous keratinocytes.
abstract: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been thought to be one of the essential cytokines mainly produced by macrophages. It has recently been reported that epidermal keratinocytes produce IL-1, and attention is being paid to local immune reactions mediated with this cytokine. Interleukin-1 not only activates lymphocytes, but also acts as an osteoclast-activating factor. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting on cholesteatomatous epithelium with anti-IL-1 alpha antibody and anti-IL-1 beta antibody. Next, the relationship of cholesteatomatous debris to the production of IL-1 by keratinocytes was evaluated. Highly concentrated IL-1 alpha was found in the cholesteatomatous epithelium, especially in the basal cell layer. The intensity of IL-1 beta staining was weaker than that of IL-1 alpha staining. In the immunoblotting study, the 31 kd band, an intracellular immature precursor molecule, was identified. The production of IL-1 alpha from keratinocytes was augmented to a greater degree by cholesteatomatous debris than by lipopolysaccharide or keratin. The keratinocytes did not produce IL-1 beta. These findings suggest that IL-1 alpha is derived from cholesteatomatous keratinocytes. Interleukin-1, mainly IL-1 alpha, from the stimulated cholesteatomatous keratinocytes may be an important factor in the markedly increased bone resorption observed in cholesteatoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Wakayama Medical College, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kakiuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabata
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002781:Cholesteatoma / Q000276:immunology*; D004427:Ear Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1