title: A system to study transcription by yeast RNA polymerase I within the chromosomal context: functional analysis of the ribosomal DNA enhancer and the RBP1/REB1 binding sites.
abstract: We have developed a novel system to study transcription by yeast RNA polymerase I (Pol I) of mutated rDNA units within the chromosomal context. For this, complete rDNA units carrying specific oligonucleotide tags in both the 17S and 26S rRNA genes were integrated into the chromosomal rDNA locus. Using this novel system, we analysed the action of the rDNA enhancer in stimulating transcription within the chromosomal context. We found that the enhancer acts as a stimulatory element in both directions, mainly on its two most proximal rRNA operons. Deletion of the sequences between the enhancer and the Pol I promoter in the tagged, integrated unit indicated that this part of the intergenic spacer contains no other transcriptional regulatory elements for Pol I. We also applied the system to study the function of the rDNA binding protein RBP1/REB1. For this purpose, we analysed tagged units in which either one or both of the binding sites for this protein have been inactivated. We found that mutations of both binding sites strongly diminish the transcription of the adjacent operon. The protein is hypothesized to play a crucial role in keeping the chromosomal rDNA units in an optimal spatial configuration by anchoring consecutive enhancers and promoters to the nucle(ol)ar matrix.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorium voor Biochemie en Moleculaire Biologie, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kulkens
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: van der Sande
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Heerikhuizen
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Planta
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012318:RNA Polymerase I / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C065681:REB1 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012318:RNA Polymerase I