title: Monolayer study of plastoquinones, alpha-tocopherol quinone, their hydroquinone forms and their interaction with monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. Charge-transfer complexes in a mixed monolayer.
abstract: The surface pressure-area isotherms of pure plastoquinone-9 (PQ-9), plastoquinone-3 (PQ-3), alpha-tocopherol quinone (alpha-TQ), their reduced (hydroquinone) forms and mixtures of these molecules with monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) have been studied by a monolayer technique. The collapse pressures of all hydroquinones (QH2) were higher than those of the corresponding quinones (Q), the difference being highest between PQ-9 and PQH2-9. The limiting molecular areas of hydroquinones were higher than those of the corresponding quinones except for alpha-TQH2. All Q-QH2 mixtures showed miscibility throughout the whole range of the components' ratios. There was no deviation from the additivity rule observed for any of the Q-QH2 mixture, as well as for the mixtures of MGDG with PQ-3, PQH2-9, alpha-TQ and alpha-TQH2. On the other hand, PQ-9/MGDG and PQH2-3/MGDG mixtures showed positive and negative deviations, respectively. All the isotherms of Q-MGDG and QH2-MGDG mixtures showed a kink point above the collapse pressure of the Q or QH2 examined, indicating that with the increase in surface pressure, Q or QH2 were gradually squeezed out from the monolayer. The percent content of Q and QH2 in the monolayer as a function of surface pressure was also calculated. The hydroquinones were more difficult to remove from monolayers than the corresponding quinones, and among the investigated quinones, PQ-9 was most easily and alpha-TQ most difficulty squeezed out. The surface pressure-area isotherms of the three-component mixtures of PQ-9/PQH2-9/MGDG showed a shift to lower molecular areas in comparison with the corresponding two-component mixtures, especially at higher surface pressures. This indicates that the presence of PQ-9 lowered the PQH2-9 content in the monolayer, especially at higher pressures, which was explained by charge-transfer complex formation upon interaction of PQ-9 with PQH2-9. The comparison of surface potential-area isotherms of PQ-9/PQH2-9/MGDG mixtures with those of the corresponding binary mixtures also suggest charge-transfer interaction between PQ-9 and PQH2-9. The orientation and localization of the investigated quinones and quinols in the thylakoid membrane and significance of charge-transfer interactions in functioning of PQ-9 has been discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants, The Jan Zurzycki Institute of Molecular Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kruk
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strzałka
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Leblanc
mesh_terms: D004075:Diglycerides / Q000737:chemistry*; D038983:Galactolipids; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000737:chemistry*; D010971:Plastoquinone / Q000737:chemistry*; D011312:Pressure; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004075:Diglycerides; D038983:Galactolipids; D006017:Glycolipids; D006873:Hydroquinones; C009909:monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; D014810:Vitamin E; C002421:tocopherylquinone; D010971:Plastoquinone