title: Passive exposure to cocaine in medical personnel and its effect on urine drug screening tests.
abstract: This report studies the importance of passive exposure of medical personnel to cocaine hydrochloride and its impact on urine screening testing. Eleven medical staff members were exposed to cocaine hydrochloride by means of aerosol and cutaneous application, similar to that which may occur in medical practice. Urine drug screening tests were negative for everyone tested. This finding is supported by known drug kinetics. It is unlikely that a single passive exposure of medical staff to cocaine hydrochloride will produce a positive urine screening test. In all cases of positive urine tests, contaminants should be tested for which may indicate a source of the drug. The routine use of gloves and masks--which is recommended to prevent HIV infection--should further decrease medical personnel's passive exposure to cocaine hydrochloride.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kavanagh
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Maijub
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000336:Aerosols; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008503:Medical Staff; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; C005618:benzoylecgonine; D003042:Cocaine