title: Intraperitoneal administration of recombinant human erythropoietin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients compared to subcutaneous rHuEPO.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective analysis of an open, nonrandomized investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient CAPD clinics in two university hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine adult CAPD patients receiving rHuEPO intraperitoneally and 8 patients receiving rHuEPO subcutaneously.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred units of rHuEPO per kilogram of body weight were administered three times a week for 8 weeks or until the target hematocrit of 35% was reached. Thereafter, dosages of rHuEPO were adjusted for response. Intraperitoneal rHuEPO was administered in 1 L of dialysis solution during the night.
  
  
  METHODS
  Efficacy was assessed by measuring the increase in hemoglobin. Tolerance was assessed by monitoring side effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first 8 weeks of treatment hemoglobin concentration increased from 64.5 +/- 12.9 g/L to 98.3 +/- 16.1 g/L (p < 0.0005) in the intraperitoneally treated group. In the subcutaneously treated group hemoglobin increased significantly faster (p < 0.05) from 72.5 +/- 4.8 g/L to 119.2 +/- 11.3 g/L (p < 0.0005) in the same period. Antihypertensive medication had to be increased or instituted in most of the patients in both groups. The incidence of peritonitis in the intraperitoneally treated group was not increased when compared to the pretreatment incidence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subcutaneously administered rHuEPO is superior to intraperitoneally administered rHuEPO with regard to the required dosages. However, the results of this study show that intraperitoneal administration of rHuEPO might be a convenient and safe alternative when subcutaneous administration is undesirable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Frenken
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Struijk
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Coppens
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Tiggeler
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Krediet
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Koene
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin