title: The role of the human acetylation polymorphism in the metabolic activation of the food carcinogen 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ).
abstract: The metabolic activation of the heterocyclic food carcinogen 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) by two human cytochrome P450 monoxygenases (P4501A1 and P4501A2) and two human N-acetyltransferases (NAT1 and NAT2) was investigated. Various combinations of these enzymes were functionally expressed in COS-1 cells. DNA adducts resulting from the activation of IQ were assayed quantitatively by the 32P-postlabeling procedure. The highest adduct frequency was observed in cells expressing both CYP1A2 and NAT2. CYP1A2 in combination with NAT1 was 3-6 times less active. When expressed alone these enzymes gave rise to low adduct frequencies. Experiments with N-acetyl-IQ as substrate suggest that NAT1 and NAT2 in addition to their known role in N-acetylation display arylhydroxamic acid N, O-acetyltransferase (AHAT) activity. Quantitative differences in adduct formation between IQ and N-acetyl-IQ indicated that metabolic activation of these arylamines preferentially occurs by P4501A2-catalyzed N-hydroxylation followed by O-acetylation mediated through NAT1 and/or NAT2. These data, in combination with the known genetic polymorphism of NAT2, may explain the clinical observation that the acetylation polymorphism constitutes a risk factor in the carcinogenic activation of environmental mutagens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Basel.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Probst
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fasshauer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: D'Orazio
authors.forename: U A
authors.initials: UA
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wild
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D005506:Food Contamination; D000882:Haplorhini; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D011804:Quinolines; C029216:2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline; D004247:DNA; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D000123:Acetyltransferases