title: Combined effect of cadmium and nickel on rat hepatic monooxygenases: possible stimulation of certain cytochrome P-450 isozymes.
abstract: When male rats were given either a single dose of cadmium (3.58 mg CdCl2.6H2O/kg, i.p.) 72 h prior to sacrifice or a single dose of nickel (59.5 mg NiCl2.6H2O/kg, s.c.) 16 h prior to sacrifice, the activities of ethylmorphine N-demethylase, aminopyrine N-demethylase and aniline 4-hydroxylase, and the levels of cytochrome P-450 and microsomal heme were significantly decreased. Cadmium decreased the cytochrome b5 level significantly, whereas it did not alter the NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity significantly. In contrast, Ni did not alter the cytochrome b5 level significantly but decreased the NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity significantly. For the combined treatment, animals received the single dose of nickel 56 h after the single dose of cadmium and then they were killed 16 h later. In these animals ethylmorphine N-demethylase, aminopyrine N-demethylase and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activities and cytochromes P-450 and b5 levels increased significantly as compared to those of controls, whereas aniline 4-hydroxylase activity and microsomal heme level remained unaltered. In concordance with the increase in the enzyme activities, certain P-450 protein bands were observed to be elevated when studied on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, when the monooxygenase activities and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of combined metal-treated animals were compared with those of the animals treated with classic inducers such as phenobarbital (75 mg/kg i.p., 72, 48 and 24 h prior to sacrifice) and 3-methylcholanthrene (20 mg/kg i.p., 72, 48 and 24 h prior to sacrifice), the combination of metals seemed to have tendency to stimulate certain phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene inducible cytochrome P-450 isozymes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Işcan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Coban
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Işcan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D009532:Nickel / Q000633:toxicity*; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007527:Isoenzymes; D002104:Cadmium; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D010105:Oxygenases; D019256:Cadmium Chloride