title: Degradation of some phenols and hydroxybenzoates by the imperfect ascomycetous yeasts Candida parapsilosis and Arxula adeninivorans: evidence for an operative gentisate pathway.
abstract: The imperfect ascomycetous yeasts Candida parapsilosis and Arxula adeninivorans degraded 3-hydroxybenzoic acid via gentisate which was the cleavage substrate. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid was metabolized via protocatechuate. No cleavage enzyme for the latter was detected. In stead of this NADH- and NADPH-dependent monooxygenases were present. In cells grown at the expense of hydroquinone and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, enzymes of the hydroxyhydroquinone variant of the 3-oxoadipate pathway were demonstrated, which also took part in the degradation of 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid by C. parapsilosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Middelhoven
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coenen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kraakman
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Sollewijn Gelpke
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002175:Candida / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000378:metabolism; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010226:Parabens / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006873:Hydroquinones; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D010226:Parabens; D010636:Phenols; C013038:hydroxyhydroquinone; C032948:3-hydroxybenzoic acid; D005978:Glutathione; C038193:4-hydroxybenzoic acid; C031927:hydroquinone