title: Long-term experience with competitive exclusion and salmonellas in Finland.
abstract: Poultry production is under strict official control in Finland. Fifteen years after the introduction of 'competitive exclusion' treatment the majority of growers (over 70%) use it routinely. The number of Salmonella-positive flocks is less than 5% and the incidence of Salmonella-contaminated broiler carcasses has been 5-11% in the last two years. The average number of Salmonella cells on contaminated carcasses is very low, generally less than 5 per carcass. Between 70 and 80% of human Salmonella infections are contracted abroad, mainly outside the Nordic countries. It is estimated that only 15-20% of some 1200 cases of domestic origin are caused by contaminated poultry.
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirn
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nurmi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nuotio
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000592:standards; D000818:Animals; D000898:Antibiosis; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005628:Frozen Foods / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors