title: Inhibition of enoyl-CoA hydratase by long-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA and its possible effect on fatty acid oxidation.
abstract: The kinetics of bovine liver enoyl-CoA hydratase (EC 4.2.1.17) or crotonase with 2-trans-hexadecenoyl-CoA as a substrate were studied because different rates were obtained with two assay methods based on measurements of substrate utilization and product formation, respectively. L-3-Hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA, the product of the crotonase-catalyzed hydration of 2-trans-hexadecenoyl-CoA, was found to be a strong competitive inhibitor of the enzyme with a Ki of 0.35 microM. In contrast the short-chain product, L-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, is a weak competitive inhibitor with a Ki of 37 microM. L-3-Hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA is a much stronger inhibitor of crotonase than are other short-chain and long-chain intermediates of beta-oxidation and crotonase is more severely inhibited by this compound than are all beta-oxidation enzymes tested so far. Determination of true kinetic parameters for the crotonase-catalyzed hydration of long-chain substrates requires the removal of product in a coupled assay. When this was done, the Km for 2-trans-hexadecenoyl-CoA with bovine liver crotonase was found to be only 9 microM. It is suggested that under conditions of restricted beta-oxidation, when 3-hydroxyacyl-CoAs accumulate in mitochondria, the inhibition of crotonase by long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoAs may limit the further degradation of medium-chain and short-chain intermediates of beta-oxidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, City College, City University of New York, New York 10031.
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schulz
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004746:Enoyl-CoA Hydratase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D005227:Fatty Acids; C030372:3-hydroxybutyryl-coenzyme A; C048143:3-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-coenzyme A; D004746:Enoyl-CoA Hydratase