title: [The effect of microinjection of anti-TGF beta-1 antibodies on the early development of Xenopus laevis].
abstract: In order to testify the function of the TGF beta related protein, we microinjected the antibodies against the TGF beta-1 to one blastomere of two-cell stage embryos. Dosages of antibodies injected were 24-36 ng, 12 -18 ng, 6-9 ng and 1.5-2.25 ng. Malformed embryos with exposed yolk mass were produced. They were designated as YE-1, YE-2 and YE-3 according to the degree of malformation which was found to be related to the dosage of antibodies injected to the blastomere. These malformed embryos could normally develop to blastula, but the yolk mass was exposed on the injection half during gastrulation. In the group with the highest dosage, the most seriously affected embryos belong to the YE-1. For most of them, no muscle tissue could be found from head to tail in the injection half, the development of mesoderm seemed to be thoroughly inhibited. YE-2 was the group with decreased dosage, small block of muscle tissue was usually observed in the injection half. YE-3 was the least affected group with the injection half containing blocks of muscle tissue similar to that of the non-injection half. The different groups of malformations seemed to be related to the degree and range of interference on gastrulation. In the group with highest dosage, the gastrulation of the entire injection half seemed to be prohibited, and YE-1 was produced. In the groups with lower dosages, only part of injection half was interfered, and YE-3 v and YE-3 d were resulted. From the results mentioned above, we concluded that TGF beta-related protein are not only present in the early embryos of Xenopus laevis, but also may be concerned with mesoderm induction.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science.
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Shou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D047108:Embryonic Development; D004627:Embryonic Induction; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053779:Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins; D008845:Microinjections; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000276:immunology*; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053779:Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta