title: Osseous injury associated with acute tears of the anterior cruciate ligament.
abstract: Multiplanar spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 54 patients with acute complete anterior cruciate ligament tears. Imaging was done within 45 days of index anterior cruciate ligament injury. Spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted images were used to determine the lesion morphology and location. Only the T2-weighted sagittal images were used for the incidence assessment; T2-weighted spin-echo imaging reflects free water shifts and best indicates the acute edema and inflammatory changes from injury. Eighty-three percent (45 of 54) of the knees had an osseous contusion directly over the lateral femoral condyle terminal sulcus. The lesion was highly variable in size and imaging intensity; however, the most intense signal was always contiguous with the subchondral plate. Posterolateral joint injury was seen in 96% (43 of 45) of the knees that had a terminal sulcus osseous lesion determined by magnetic resonance imaging. This posterolateral lesion involves a spectrum of injury, including both soft tissue (popliteus-arcuate capsuloligamentous complex) and hard tissue (posterolateral tibial plateau) injuries. The consistent location of the osseous and soft tissue injuries underscores a necessary similar mechanism of injury associated with these acute anterior cruciate ligament tears. Based on these characteristic findings, several proposed mechanisms of injury are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Speer
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Spritzer
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Bassett
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Feagin
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Garrett
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000473:pathology; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000293:injuries*; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000473:pathology