title: Distribution of a fluorescent ivermectin probe, bodipy ivermectin, in tissues of the nematode parasite Ascaris suum.
abstract: A fluorescent derivative of the anthelmintic ivermectin (4''-5,7-dimethyl bodipy proprionylivermectin, referred to hereafter as bodipy ivermectin) was synthesized for an investigation of the distribution of avermectins. Injected into adult Ascaris suum at doses greater than 0.1 micron per worm, it produced a dose-dependent immobilization. Fluorescent microscopy of frozen sections revealed the distribution of the probe in the whole nematode. Staining of collagenase-isolated muscle cells was studied using bath application of bodipy ivermectin. The trypan-blue quenching technique showed that the ivermectin probe was located in the outer monolayer of the muscle membrane. The cytoplasm was not stained. The interpretation of these observations is discussed in view of the known lipophilic nature of avermectins. Staining of the muscle membrane and nerve cord is consistent with the view that avermectins act at these sites. The significance of the hypodermal and lateral line staining is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kusel
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minta
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Haugland
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001200:Ascaris / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005629:Frozen Sections; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: C076958:4''-5,7-dimethylbodipypropionylivermectin; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007559:Ivermectin