title: Virulence factors of Escherichia coli associated with colisepticemia in chickens and turkeys.
abstract: Four hundred twenty turkey and 80 chicken Escherichia coli isolates from colisepticemic birds were examined for the following properties: heat-labile toxin (LT), heat-stable enterotoxin, verotoxin, colicinogenicity, hemolysin, and hydroxamate/aerobactin production. Twenty-four (5.7%) of the 420 turkey isolates and six (7.5%) of the 80 chicken isolates produced an LT that was cytotoxic for both Vero and Y-1 cells. In contrast, 48 (11.4%) of the turkey isolates and 18 (22.5%) of the chicken isolates produced a distinct LT that was cytotoxic only for Vero cells. In addition, 64 (80.0%) of the chicken isolates and 309 (74.0%) of the turkey isolates produced aerobactin. Colicinogenicity occurred in 51 (64.0%) of the chicken isolates, with 41 (51.0%) producing colicin V. By contrast, 254 (61.0%) of the turkey isolates produced a colicin, of which 176 (42.0%) produced colicin V. None of the chicken and turkey isolates produced hemolysin or heat-stable enterotoxin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Emery
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Nagaraja
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000032:analysis*; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D003087:Colicins / Q000032:analysis; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000032:analysis; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D017262:Siderophores / Q000032:analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014422:Turkeys / Q000382:microbiology*; D014709:Vero Cells; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D003087:Colicins; D003603:Cytotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D017262:Siderophores; C031819:aerobactin