title: Regional limb perfusion for antibiotic treatment of experimentally induced septic arthritis.
abstract: Septic arthritis was induced in one antebrachiocarpal joint of seven horses by the intra-articular injection of 1 mL Staphylococcus aureus suspension containing a mean of 10(5) colony-forming units. Twenty-four hours after inoculation, four horses were treated by regional perfusion with 1 g of gentamicin sulfate, and three horses received 2.2 mg/kg gentamicin sulfate intravenously (IV) every 6 hours. Synovial fluid was collected for culture and cytology at regular intervals, and the synovial membranes were collected for culture and histologic examination at euthanasia 24 hours after the first treatment. Gentamicin concentration in the septic synovial fluid after three successful perfusions was 221.2 +/- 71.4 (SD) micrograms/mL; after gentamicin IV, it was 7.6 +/- 1.6 (SD) micrograms/mL. The mean leukocyte count in the inoculated joints decreased significantly by hour 24 in the successfully perfused joints. Terminal bacterial cultures of synovial fluid and synovial membranes were negative in two horses with successfully perfused joints. S. aureus was isolated from the infected joints in all three horses treated with gentamicin IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Whithair
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Bowersock
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Blevins
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fessler
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Van Sickle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D010478:Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion / Q000662:veterinary*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006736:Horses; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D005839:Gentamicins