title: Hematogenous factors and prediction of delayed ischemic deficit after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Delayed ischemic deficits contribute to the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. We evaluated the potential usefulness of measuring coagulation and hemorheological variables and cardiolipin antibodies for prediction of delayed ischemic deficit after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage were studied. Coagulation and hemorheological variables and cardiolipin antibodies were measured on admission, within 7 days of subarachnoid hemorrhage. A subset of patients was studied on admission and at two subsequent occasions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-nine patients were studied. Sixty-one of these were without clinical manifestations of vasospasm at admission, and 16 developed delayed ischemic deficit during their hospitalization. None of the laboratory variables measured were significantly different between patients with or without later development of delayed ischemic deficit. Elevation of the fibrin fragment D-dimer was found in the group of eight patients admitted with ischemic symptoms and in 49% (34 of 69) of all patients, but this was not associated with delayed ischemic deficit. Sixteen patients were studied on three occasions; this group showed a significant decrease in hematocrit, an increased white blood cell count, and no change in fibrinogen concentration. Fibrin D-dimer levels rose significantly after surgery (from 5.01 +/- 0.69 to 5.53 +/- 0.58 ln-ng/ml, p less than 0.025) and after onset of delayed ischemic deficit (from 4.71 +/- 0.64 to 5.84 +/- 0.34 ln-ng/ml, p less than 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hemostatic measurements, hemorheological variables, and cardiolipin immunoreactivity did not predict delayed ischemic deficit in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ameriso
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Quismorio
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Giannotta
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Meiselman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fisher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000032:analysis*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis*; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; C036309:fibrin fragment D