title: Cigarette smoking and its relationship to inflammatory bowel disease: a review.
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Study, Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, Hampstead, London.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Stansby
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000517:prevention & control; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000503:physiopathology