title: Effects of environment and management on mortality in preweaned dairy calves.
abstract: Forty-eight herds participating in the 1988/1989 Ohio National Animal Health Monitoring System dairy project were monitored for 1 year to determine the effects of environment and management on mortality in preweaned calves. Environmental factors were evaluated by veterinarians during monthly visits to the herds. Management procedures were measured through the use of a questionnaire administered near the end of the project. Mortality in preweaned calves was calculated for each herd by using data from project records on calf mortality and animal inventory, which were collected monthly by veterinarians. Relationships between the management/environment variables and calf mortality were examined by use of analysis of covariance. Herd size, days on a nipple feeder, navel disinfection, type of housing, and whether each calf observed with diarrhea was treated with antibiotics were the variables that had an impact on herd mortality. These variables explained approximately 39% of the variation in mortality among herds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lance
authors.forename: G Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Hancock
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Bartlett
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Heider
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Moeschberger
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary; D006799:Housing, Animal; D012984:Software; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents