title: Effect of cigarette smoking on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and its relation to animal species and period of smoking.
abstract: The alteration in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) induced by cigarette smoking was studied in Wistar rats, piglets and in humans. The percentage change of pulmonary vascular resistance (delta PVR%) and the amplitude of the systolic wave in impedance pneumorheogram (delta H%) were used to estimate the strength of HPV. It was observed that immediately after acute cigarette smoking, HPV in rats increased (delta PVR% from 55.0 +/- 15.6% to 102.3 +/- 12.4%), which is mainly mediated by leukotrienes (LTs); whereas HPV in piglets decreased (delta PVR% from 65.2 +/- 12.5% to 55.9 +/- 9.8%), which is mainly mediated by beta-adrenergic receptors, and HPV in humans also increased (delta H% from 20.6 +/- 2.6% to 31.1 +/- 4.1%), in which prostaglandins and leukotrienes may play the role of mediators. However, after one-month cigarette smoking, the HPV in rats fell significantly (delta PVR% 11.4 +/- 1.6%). An increase in synthesis of vasodilative prostaglandins and a decrease in leukotrienes synthesis may be the contributing factors to this alteration in HPV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan.
authors.forename: D X
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: X R
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine; D014661:Vasoconstriction