title: Bipolar disorder in idiopathic dystonia: clinical features and possible neurobiology.
abstract: The authors report 5 patients with bipolar disorders in the context of primary idiopathic dystonia. Four patients had DSM-III-R bipolar disorder, mixed, and one had cyclothymic disorder as diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). All cases of bipolar disorder manifested rapid cycling. Three patients with bipolar disorder experienced onset of this illness soon after the onset of cervicocranial dystonia (5 neck dystonia, 4 craniofacial, 2 brachial, 1 vocal cord, 1 thoracic). These cases apparently represent a first report of bipolar disorders in dystonia. Clinical management, relevant literature, and putative neurobiology are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia 31207.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Lauterbach
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Spears
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Price
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003527:Cyclothymic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004421:Dystonia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016651:Lithium Carbonate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D014282:Trihexyphenidyl / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D002998:Clonazepam; D014282:Trihexyphenidyl