title: Fluorochemical emulsion APE-LM substantially improves cardiac preservation.
abstract: We determined the efficacy of a novel fluorochemical emulsion for long-term hypothermic preservation of hearts. Rat hearts were preserved for 12 h at 12 degrees C with use of continuous low-pressure coronary perfusion with one of three oxygenated media (n = 6 hearts/groups): an "extracellular" crystalloid solution; APE-LM, a novel fluorochemical emulsion of perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene in egg yolk phospholipid; and FC-43, the Fluosol-43 (Oxypherol) fluorochemical emulsion of perfluorotributylamine in Pluronic F68. The emulsion media contained the same components as the crystalloid medium. All three media contained 0.5% albumin. An isolated working heart perfusion system was used to quantify the function of preserved hearts and controls (fresh hearts, n = 6). The APE-LM-preserved hearts were not significantly different from control hearts in contractile function, output, and energetics during a 4-h 37 degrees C reperfusion period. The control and APE-LM-preserved hearts had significantly better performance than crystalloid- and FC-43-preserved hearts. All preserved hearts gained fluid during preservation. The edema of APE-LM-preserved hearts, but not that of the other two preserved groups, was reversed during 37 degrees C reperfusion. These data provide the first evidence that a unique fluorochemical emulsion improves long-term preservation of cardiac tissue and produces significantly better recovery of cardiac function after preservation. This salutary effect was specifically associated with APE-LM emulsion and may result from its high O2 capacity, its biologically compatible emulsifier, and its superior physical properties, which include very small emulsion particle size (0.1-0.15 micron), low viscosity, and minimal toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, Davis 95616.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Segel
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Minten
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Schweighardt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D009926:Organ Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C076991:APE-LM; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D010743:Phospholipids; C008807:perfluorotributylamine; D004280:Dobutamine