title: Erythema induced by organic solvents: in vivo evaluation of oxygenized and deoxygenized haemoglobin by reflectance spectroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  (i) using a new non-invasive technique capable of evaluating quantitatively and qualitatively the haemoglobin content of the skin (ii) to evaluate delipidization induced by organic solvents.
  
  
  METHODS
  11 Caucasians treated for 1 min in a randomized manner on the volar forearm with a mixture of chloroform/methanol (2:1) (CM) and ether/acetone (1:1) (EA) to delipidize the skin.
  
  
  METHODS
  erythema was evaluated by computerized remittance spectroscopy immediately after delipidization and hourly for 2 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  only CM application induced subjectively observed and objectively quantified erythema. Erythema was related to a significant increase in oxygenized haemoglobin content due to dilatation of arterioles in the subpapillary plexus (P less than 0.01). The increased blood flow induced a significant (P less than 0.01) reduction in de-oxygenized haemoglobin in venous vessels immediately after CM application.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  short contact with certain potent solvent mixtures causes erythema, possibly due to massive lipid extraction and damage of the skin barrier. Using computerized remittance spectroscopy the visible erythema was composed of an increase in oxygenized haemoglobin and a relative decrease in deoxygenized haemoglobin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berardesca
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bjerring
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Maibach
mesh_terms: D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted; D004890:Erythema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013053:Spectrophotometry
chemical_list: D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; D012997:Solvents