title: VIP restores natural killer cell activity depressed by hepatitis B surface antigen.
abstract: Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has recently been shown to bind to human lymphocytes and modulate immune functions. The ability of VIP in restoring natural killer (NK) cell activity depressed by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been investigated in the present research. Human lymphocytes were incubated with HBsAg and, after washing, a 4-hr cytotoxicity assay was performed. VIP was coincubated with lymphocytes during the preincubation with HBsAg or, alternatively, throughout the cytotoxicity assay. The study revealed that VIP, either preincubated or coincubated in the 4-hr assay, strongly restores NK cell activity depressed by viral antigen. This is noteworthy considering that a number of lymphocyte modulators such as interferons fail in restoring viral-dependent NK cell activity depression. In contrast with previous reports, even when coincubated in the 4-hr assay, VIP is a strong activator of NK cell activity. Further studies will be required to understand which mechanisms are involved in the interrelation between VIP and NK cells during viral infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Azzari
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Resti
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Caldini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carbonella
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ciappi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vierucci
mesh_terms: D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide