title: History, safety, and effectiveness of current bleaching techniques and applications of the nightguard vital bleaching technique.
abstract: This article reviews the literature on the use of hydrogen peroxide in three professionally administered bleaching techniques from historical, technique, and safety viewpoints. Safety over time, absolute safety, and relative safety of nonvital bleaching, in-office vital bleaching, nightguard vital bleaching, and over-the-counter bleaching kits are compared. The advantages and disadvantages of different bleaching options, as well as indications for individual or combined use of the techniques, are discussed. In addition, specific indications for the use of the nightguard vital bleaching technique are presented.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina.
authors.forename: V B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Haywood
mesh_terms: D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000188:drug therapy; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide