title: [Type A personality and level of aspiration in preschool children: some basic characteristics of aspiration levels and their modifications by introducing risk-taking and competitive situations].
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate some characteristics of aspiration levels of Type A preschoolers. Twenty-two Type A and twenty-one Type B subjects selected from 245 preschoolers were given three tasks: ball-throwing task 1, ball-throwing task 2, and ringtoss task. After investigating some basic characteristics of aspiration levels in a standard situation (ball-throwing task 1), risk-taking (ball-throwing task 2) and competitive (ringtoss task) situations were introduced in order to study the modifications of aspiration levels. The results indicated that Type A children showed higher aspiration levels than Type B children, but that no differences of changes in aspiration levels by introducing risk-taking and competitive situations were found between the two types. These results were discussed from the view point of formation of Type A characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Children's Education, Osaka Aoyama Junior College.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
mesh_terms: D001240:Aspirations, Psychological; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002666:Psychology, Child; D012309:Risk-Taking; D014434:Type A Personality