title: Cutinase in Cryphonectria parasitica, the chestnut blight fungus: suppression of cutinase gene expression in isogenic hypovirulent strains containing double-stranded RNAs.
abstract: Plant-pathogenic fungi produce cutinase, an enzyme required to degrade plant cuticles and facilitate penetration into the host. The absence of cutinase or a decrease in its production has been associated with a decrease in pathogenicity of the fungus. A set of isogenic strains of Cryphonectria parasitica, the chestnut blight fungus, was tested for the presence and amounts of cutinase activity. The virulent strain of C. parasitica produced and secreted significantly higher amounts of cutinase than the hypovirulent strains. Use of both nucleic acid and polyclonal antibody probes for cutinase from Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi showed that cutinase in C. parasitica is 25 kDa in size and is coded by a 1.1-kb mRNA. Both mRNA and protein were inducible by cutin hydrolysate, while hypovirulence agents suppressed the level of mRNA and the enzyme. Since all the strains had the cutinase gene, the suppression of expression was due to the hypovirulence agents. The data presented are the first report indicating that hypovirulence agents in C. parasitica regulate a gene associated with pathogenicity in other plant-pathogenic fungi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton 49931.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Varley
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Podila
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Hiremath
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D007700:Kinetics; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000502:physiology*; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000502:physiology; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C019952:cutinase