title: Neural tube defects after infertility treatment: a review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether an association exists between ovulation induction and neural tube defects (NTDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Risk estimations in the medical literature were identified through Medline, and validity and power were assessed. Large in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) registries represent another source of information. The total number of NTDs and the total number of fetuses were computed from five registries. These data were expressed as proportions and compared with data from the general population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only one study could be identified as both valid and powerful, through literature review. This case-control study concluded there was no association between ovulation induction and NTDs. The pool of IVF-ET registry data represents another powerful epidemiologic tool. Analysis of the registry data confirms the findings of the case-control study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ovulation induction does not seem to represent a risk factor for NTDs in the offspring.
authors.affiliation: Ares Serono DER/Epidemiology, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Loon
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Besseghir
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eshkol
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000628:therapy*; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors