title: An episode of resistance to permethrin in larvae of Simulium squamosum (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameroon, after 3 1/2 years of control.
abstract: Because of the biting nuisance from females of Simulium squamosum, a 30 km section of the Sanaga River (Cameroon) was treated since 1987 with permethrin for the control of larval populations. In 1990, resistance to permethrin occurred in a small proportion of the larvae, with a resulting 2-4x increase of the LC95 for dead larvae (moribund larvae considered as live). In 1991, after a 6-month interruption of the treatments, susceptibility to permethrin returned to the initial level, and was similar to the susceptibility of S. squamosum larvae from a non-treated section of the Sanaga. In the context of a small-scale control program, resistance to permethrin can be reversible, and it can be avoided by rotation with other types of insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis serovar, israelensis.
authors.affiliation: Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hougard
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Escaffre
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Darriet
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lochouarn
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rivière
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Back
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002163:Cameroon; D007300:Insect Control; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva; D026023:Permethrin; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012843:Simuliidae
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D026023:Permethrin