title: Do-not-resuscitate orders for depressed psychiatric inpatients.
abstract: Many patients, especially those who are elderly and who have chronic medical illnesses, choose to forgo cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in case of cardiac arrest. The right of mentally competent patients to refuse CPR is supported by ethicists, the courts, and medical associations. Psychiatrists are increasingly presented with dilemmas about resuscitation preferences of elderly psychiatric inpatients whose decision-making capacity may be impaired because of mental illness such as depression. The authors discuss justifications for patients' refusing resuscitation, the role of advance directives in communicating patients' preferences, and the use of do-not-resuscitate orders for depressed psychiatric inpatients. Survival rates after CPR among elderly patients with chronic medical illnesses are low. Patients and their families need accurate information about the risks and benefits of CPR and about the consequences of refusing the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland 97207.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ganzini
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Heintz
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bloom
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001293:Attitude to Death; D003657:Decision Making; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D008020:Life Support Care / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D028642:Persons with Psychiatric Disorders; D010348:Patient Care Team; D016414:Resuscitation Orders / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000523:psychology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States; D028761:Withholding Treatment