title: Active melanogenesis in non-S phase melanocytes in B16 melanomas in vivo investigated by double-tracer microautoradiography with 18F-fluorodopa and 3H-thymidine.
abstract: 3,4-Dihydroxy-2-[18F]fluoro-L-phenylalanine (2-[18F]FDOPA) and [6-3H]thymidine ([3H]Thd) were simultaneously injected into mice transplanted with B16 melanomas of FM3A mammary carcinoma. Melanogenesis was differentiated from DNA synthesis in the mitotic cell cycle by monitoring grain distribution with double-tracer microautoradiography. The percentages of pigmented cells were inversely proportional to those of [3H]Thd-labelled cells, indicating that the greater the number of melanocytes, the smaller was the number of proliferating cells. The number of grains produced by 2-[18F]FDOPA in the [3H]Thd-unlabelled melanocytes was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the numbers in the [3H]Thd-labelled melanocytes and in nonmelanocytes. The [3H]Thd-unlabelled non-melanocytes and FM3A cells showed the lowest accumulation of 2-[18F]DOPA, which may have resulted from the basic amino acid demand by malignant neoplasms via amino acid transport. The [3H]Thd-labelled cells, regardless of whether they were pigmented or not, had slightly more grains with 2-[18F]FDOPA than the [3H]Thd-unlabelled non-melanocytes (P < 0.05), which may have resulted from the enhanced amino acid requirement for proliferation. Melanogenesis appeared to be activated only in the non-S phase of the mitotic cycle in melanocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ido
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography / Q000379:methods; D002453:Cell Cycle; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008297:Male; D008543:Melanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D013936:Thymidine
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins; C029112:5-fluorodopa; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; D013936:Thymidine