title: Improved distribution of antegrade cardioplegic solution with simultaneous coronary sinus occlusion following acute coronary artery occlusion.
abstract: This study was designed to evaluate the distribution of cardioplegic solution infused antegradely with simultaneous coronary sinus occlusion. After 1 hr LAD occlusion, sheep were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass. Hearts were arrested with 300 ml of cold cardioplegia and replenished with two additional doses. In group I (n = 10), antegrade cardioplegia (ACP) was given alone; in group II (n = 9), ACP was given in combination with simultaneous coronary sinus occlusion. Microspheres were infused into the cardioplegic line to determine the antegrade distribution of the solution, while a different microsphere was injected into the anterior interventricular vein to detect the venous backflow of the solution. The data showed that myocardium distal to LAD occlusion in group II received more antegrade (0.17 +/- 0.02 versus 0.06 +/- 0.02 ml/g/min, P less than 0.01, in subendocardium; and 0.15 +/- 0.03 versus 0.09 +/- 0.02 ml/g/min, P = NS, in subepicardium) and retrograde (2181 +/- 455 versus 0 counts/g/min, P less than 0.01, in subendocardium; and 2,146 +/- 527 versus 0 counts/g/min, P less than 0.01, in subepicardium) distribution of cardioplegic solution in comparison to group I. We therefore conclude that simultaneous coronary sinus occlusion significantly improves the distribution of antegrade cardioplegic solution to the regionally occluded myocardium by increasing collateral flow as well as venous backflow.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diaco
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Couper
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Masetti
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Laurence
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Cohn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000502:physiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004699:Endocardium / Q000502:physiology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions