title: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: operative technique.
abstract: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the routine procedure for most patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis. At our institution, a two-surgeon, four-cannula technique is used. In almost all patients, a pneumoperitoneum can be established with use of a closed technique. Adherence to standard operative principles and careful attention to details in the laparoscopic technique will routinely result in the safe completion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Cautery provides excellent hemostasis during dissection of the gallbladder from its attachments. Cholangiography through the gallbladder or the cystic duct is easily performed in selected patients. Minimal perioperative care is necessary for patients who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the hospitalization time is usually less than 24 hours.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Donohue
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Farnell
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: van Heerden
mesh_terms: D002425:Cautery / Q000379:methods; D002758:Cholangiography / Q000379:methods; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020706:Laparoscopes; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D014743:Videotape Recording