title: Cefdinir (FK482), an orally administered cephalosporin in vitro activity comparison against recent clinical isolates from five medical centers and determination of MIC quality control guidelines.
abstract: Cefdinir, a new oral cephalosporin, was compared to cefaclor, cefadroxil, cefixime, and cefuroxime against greater than 5000 recent aerobic clinical isolates. This multicenter study revealed broad-spectrum cefdinir activity against all Enterobacteriaceae (MIC50s, 0.06-2 micrograms/ml) except Enterobacter cloacae, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, and Serratia marcescens (MIC50s, greater than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml). Oxacillin-susceptible staphylococci (MIC90s, 0.5-2 micrograms/ml), beta-hemolytic Streptococcus group B (MIC90, 0.06 micrograms/ml), and Acinetobacter lwoffii were also susceptible to cefdinir. The activity of cefdinir was similar to that of cefixime and cefuroxime against Gram-negative organisms and superior to all tested oral cephems when tested against Gram-positive cocci. None of the cephalosporins were active against oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp., enterococci, Pseudomonas spp., or Xanthomonas maltophilia. MIC quality control range guidelines were established for the strains recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards documents.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Microbiology Laboratories, St. Francis Regional Medical Center, Wichita, KS 67214.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Gerlach
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Koontz
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pfaller
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Washington
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Erwin
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002433:Cefaclor / Q000494:pharmacology; D002434:Cefadroxil / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077525:Cefdinir; D020682:Cefixime; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002444:Cefuroxime / Q000494:pharmacology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D006088:Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006095:Gram-Positive Cocci / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D002434:Cefadroxil; D002433:Cefaclor; D020682:Cefixime; D000077525:Cefdinir; D002439:Cefotaxime; D002444:Cefuroxime