title: Nonprostanoid prostacyclin mimetics. 3. Structural variations of the diphenyl heterocycle moiety.
abstract: 4,5-Diphenyl-2-oxazolenonanoic acid (2) and 2-[3-[2-(4,5-diphenyl-2-oxazolyl)ethyl]phenoxy]acetic acid (3) were previously identified as nonprostanoid prostacyclin (PGI2) mimetics that inhibit ADP-induced aggregation of human platelets in vitro. The effects on biological activity of substitution and structural modification of the 4- and 5-phenyl rings of 3 was examined. Potency showed a marked sensitivity to the introduction of substituents to these aromatic rings and only the bis-4-methyl derivative 9j, IC50 = 0.34 microM, demonstrated enhanced potency compared to the parent structure 3, IC50 = 1.2 microM. Substitution at the ortho or meta positions of the phenyl rings, replacement by thiopheneyl or cyclohexyl moieties, or constraining in a planar phenanthrene system resulted in compounds that were less effective inhibitors of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. In contrast, variation of the heterocycle moiety revealed a much less stringent SAR and many 5- and 6-membered heterocycles were found to effectively substitute for the oxazole ring of 2 and 3. The diphenylmethyl moiety functioned as an effective isostere for 4,5-diphenylated heterocycles since 13aad showed similar platelet inhibitory activity to 3. With the exception of the 3,4,5-triphenylpyrazole derivative 13g, compounds presenting the (m-ethylphenoxy)acetic acid side chain discovered with 3 demonstrated enhanced potency compared to the analogously substituted alkanoic acid derivative. The structure-activity findings led to a refinement of a model of the nonprostanoid PGI2 mimetic pharmacophore.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Meanwell
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rosenfeld
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Trehan
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Romine
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Brassard
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Federici
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gamberdella
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D010080:Oxazoles; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D011464:Epoprostenol