Plasma lipoprotein lipid and Lp[a] changes with substitution of elaidic acid for oleic acid in the diet.
The effect of additional dietary trans fatty acids (7% energy) on plasma lipids was assessed in a double-blind comparison of four separate diets: 1, enriched with butter fat (lauric-myristic-palmitic); 2, oleic acid-rich; 3, elaidic acid-rich; 4, palmitic acid-rich. The total dietary period was 11 weeks and comprised normal foods plus specific fat supplements. In 27 mildly hypercholesterolemic men, total and LDL cholesterol were significantly lower during the 3-week oleic acid-rich diet, and were similar during the other three diets. For the four diets LDL cholesterol levels were in mg/dl: 1, 163; 2, 151; 3, 165; 4, 161. HDL cholesterol was significantly higher with the palmitic acid-rich diet, 42 mg/dl, compared with elaidic acid, 38 mg/dl, which in turn was not lower than with oleic acid, 38 mg/dl. Plasma elaidic acid concentration rose seven-fold with the trans fatty acid diet but did not increase the vulnerability of LDL to oxidative change. The elaidic acid-rich diet led to significant elevations in the level of Lp[a] compared to all the other test diets. The Lp[a] level increased to 296 +/- 220 U/l in the elaidic acid-rich period from 235 +/- 182 (mean +/- SD) in the first ("butter") period (P less than 0.001) compared with 249 +/- 204 in the palmitic acid period (P less than 0.001) and 236 +/- 201 in the oleic acid period (NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nestel
P
P
CSIRO Division of Human Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia.
Noakes
M
M
Belling
B
B
McArthur
R
R
Clifton
P
P
Janus
E
E
Abbey
M
M
D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019301:Oleic Acid; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010349:Patient Compliance
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D008074:Lipoproteins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D009829:Oleic Acids; D019301:Oleic Acid; C011459:elaidic acid