title: Effect of extra energy as fat or milk replacer solids in diets of young dairy calves on growth during cold weather.
abstract: The effects of feeding two levels of supplemental fat and extra milk replacer solids on Holstein calves housed in hutches during the winter were investigated. Fifty calves (10 per treatment) were assigned to the following dietary treatments: 1) milk replacer (control) reconstituted to 12.5% DM fed at 10% of BW (adjusted weekly), 2) same as treatment 1 plus 113 g/d of supplemental fat, 3) milk replacer reconstituted to 15% DM and fed at 10% of BW (adjusted weekly), 4) same as treatment 1 plus 226 g/d of supplemental fat, and 5) milk replacer reconstituted to 15% DM fed at 14% of BW (adjusted weekly). Half the amount of milk replacer consumed during wk 4 was fed during wk 5, and calves were weaned to dry feed at 35 d of age. A pelleted starter was offered for ad libitum intake throughout the 42-d trial. Gains in BW were greater for calves fed 226 than 113 or 0 g/d of supplemental fat (d 3 to 28). Calves fed milk replacer reconstituted to 15% DM at 14% of BW had greater BW gains during d 3 to 28 than control. Starter consumption was similar between groups receiving 113 and 0 g/d of fat supplement but lower in the group fed 226 g/d. Extra milk replacer solids in diets increased fecal scores to levels greater than those of calves in other groups. The benefit of fat supplementation of milk replacers was manifested as increased BW gain during the 1st mo of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Jaster
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Spanski
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomkins
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D008892:Milk; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified