title: [Effects of pH on the endocrine system and metabolism].
abstract: Changes in extra- and intracellular pH affect metabolic states and hormone responses. In general, alkalosis stimulates and acidosis inhibits glycolysis although the relationship is not a simple one. 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase, a rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis, seems to be activated directly by a rise in pH. Alkalosis stimulates the production of pyruvic acid and lactic acid. Citric acid cycle is stimulated in alkalosis and hexose monophosphate shunt pathway is facilitated in acidosis. Acid-base disorders affect the insulin secretion and insulin action. In acidosis, insulin action in the target tissues is reduced. Other hormones, including parathormone, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and adrenocorticotropine, respond to the changes in pH.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
mesh_terms: D000137:Acid-Base Imbalance / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006019:Glycolysis; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D010732:Phosphofructokinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D010732:Phosphofructokinase-1