title: Translation of an instrument. The US-Nordic Family Dynamics Nursing Research Project.
abstract: Translation of a research instrument questionnaire from English to another language is analyzed in relation to principles involved, procedures followed, and problems confronted by nurse researchers from the US-Nordic Family Dynamics Nursing Research Project. Of paramount importance in translation are translation equivalency, congruent value orientation, and careful use of colloquialisms. It is important to recognize that copyright guidelines apply in the translation of an instrument. Approaches to solving instrument translation problems are discussed.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elander
mesh_terms: D003309:Copyright; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000592:standards*; D015399:Nursing Research; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000523:psychology; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries; D014175:Translating