title: Automatic sleep/wake identification from wrist activity.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate automatic scoring methods to distinguish sleep from wakefulness based on wrist activity. Forty-one subjects (18 normals and 23 with sleep or psychiatric disorders) wore a wrist actigraph during overnight polysomnography. In a randomly selected subsample of 20 subjects, candidate sleep/wake prediction algorithms were iteratively optimized against standard sleep/wake scores. The optimal algorithms obtained for various data collection epoch lengths were then prospectively tested on the remaining 21 subjects. The final algorithms correctly distinguished sleep from wakefulness approximately 88% of the time. Actigraphic sleep percentage and sleep latency estimates correlated 0.82 and 0.90, respectively, with corresponding parameters scored from the polysomnogram (p < 0.0001). Automatic scoring of wrist activity provides valuable information about sleep and wakefulness that could be useful in both clinical and research applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Kripke
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gruen
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Mullaney
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gillin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen