title: Targeted disruption of the mouse transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene results in multifocal inflammatory disease.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is a multifunctional growth factor that has profound regulatory effects on many developmental and physiological processes. Disruption of the TGF-beta 1 gene by homologous recombination in murine embryonic stem cells enables mice to be generated that carry the disrupted allele. Animals homozygous for the mutated TGF-beta 1 allele show no gross developmental abnormalities, but about 20 days after birth they succumb to a wasting syndrome accompanied by a multifocal, mixed inflammatory cell response and tissue necrosis, leading to organ failure and death. TGF-beta 1-deficient mice may be valuable models for human immune and inflammatory disorders, including autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and graft versus host reactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0524.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Shull
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ormsby
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Kier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pawlowski
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Diebold
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sidman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Proetzel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Calvin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D005796:Genes; D006720:Homozygote; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009336:Necrosis; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta