Acute cyanide poisoning: a case report with toxicokinetic study.
Cyanide poisoning is a life threatening condition. But specific antidotes exist and can be easily prepared from available substances in hospital. Administration of antidotes will produce methemoglobin, which itself causes hypoxia. Nitrite induced methemoglobin can be extremely dangerous and even lethal. Before administering the antidotes, the diagnosis should be confirmed. Nitrite should not be given if the poisoning is mild or diagnosis is uncertain, to avoid excessive methemoglobin, dosage of sodium nitrite must be adjusted according to hemoglobin level (Table 1). Usage of sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate in the recommended doses are safe and effective for cyanide poisoning.
Wananukul
W
W
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Kaojarern
S
S
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008708:Methemoglobinemia / Q000209:etiology; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy; D011190:Potassium Cyanide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning*; D012977:Sodium Nitrite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013885:Thiosulfates / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000931:Antidotes; D013885:Thiosulfates; C017717:sodium thiosulfate; D012977:Sodium Nitrite; D011190:Potassium Cyanide