title: Beneficial effects on serum lipoproteins by 17 beta-oestradiol-dydrogesterone therapy in postmenopausal women; a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the possible changes of reproductive hormones, sex hormone binding globulin, serum lipids and lipoproteins, lipoprotein (a) included, coagulation and glucose in postmenopausal women treated with 17 beta-oestradiol and cyclic dydrogesterone for 14 days per 28 days treatment cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open longitudinal prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve 28 days treatment cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gynaecological department of university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  27 healthy postmenopausal women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After treatment for six cycles serum concentrations of FSH and LH decreased significantly with 43.0% and 24.4%, respectively. Serum concentrations of 17 beta-oestradiol and oestrone increased significantly with 302% and 792%, respectively, and SHBG increased as well with 111% (P < 0.01). Serum total cholesterol decreased with 9.0% (P < 0.01). Serum VLDL-cholesterol did not change significantly. Serum LDL-cholesterol decreased with 16.3% (P < 0.01) and HDL-cholesterol increased with 8.0% (P < 0.01). This was accompanied with similar significant changes in the apolipoproteins: apolipoprotein A-I rose with 14.4% and apolipoprotein B decreased with 6.0%. Serum triglycerides and VLDL-triglycerides increased significantly with 14.4% and 17.9%, respectively. Lipoprotein (a) decreased with 17.5% (P < 0.01). These results more or less sustained at cycle 12 of treatment. Serum concentrations of antithrombin III and glucose did not change. Fibrinogen decreased slightly but significantly below the initial value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This combination replacement therapy gives beneficial changes in lipid-metabolism, indicating a reduced risk of developing coronary heart disease without unfavourably changing coagulation and glucose metabolism. The expected beneficial changes with oestradiol alone are not counteracted by the intermittent addition of dydrogesterone. Therefore this oestrogen/progestagen scheme can, indeed, be recommended for use in HRT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Nijmegen, Sint Radboud, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van der Mooren
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Demacker
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rolland
mesh_terms: D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000032:analysis; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004394:Dydrogesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004970:Estrone / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D004970:Estrone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D004394:Dydrogesterone