title: Pharmacokinetics of aztreonam in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of aztreonam were studied in six healthy male subjects (group I) and 12 male patients with post-hepatitis liver cirrhosis and ascites. Patients were allocated into two groups according to serum creatinine; group II included nine patients with serum creatinine. < or = 15 mg/L while group III included three patients with serum creatinine > 15 mg/L. Aztreonam 1 g was given as iv bolus injection. Aztreonam reached a peak concentration in the ascitic fluid (AF) of 6.2 +/- 2.3 mg/L at 4 h, and of 8.7 +/- 4.4 mg/L at 6 h in groups II and III respectively. The level of the drug in AF 24 h post-dosing was still higher than MIC90 for Enterobacteriaceae in most patients. The half-life of elimination from serum increased significantly (P > 0.001) from 1.82 +/- 0.14 h in group I to 6.6 +/- 2.1 h and to 8.87 +/- 0.2 h in groups II and III, respectively. Both the central and the terminal volumes of distribution were higher in cirrhotic patients than in healthy volunteers. Liver cirrhosis and ascites resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.001) of the total body clearance (Cl) of aztreonam from 84 +/- 8 mL/h/kg in group I to 209 +/- 87 mL/h/kg in group II. However, the concomitant association of mild renal impairment in group III abolished this increase; Cl in group III was 122 +/- 50 mL/h/kg. The AUC0-infinity serum was 137.5 +/- 12.2, 78.5 +/- 24.9 and 151 +/- 42 mg.h/L in groups I, II and II, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: el Touny
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: el Guinaidy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdel Barry
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sabbour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001201:Ascites / Q000378:metabolism*; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D001398:Aztreonam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D001398:Aztreonam