title: Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects of carotenoids and dietary palm oil.
abstract: Four carotenoids, canthaxanthin, beta-carotene, 8H-apo-beta-carotenal, and 8'-apo-beta-carotene methylester were tested for their ability to suppress the mutagenicity of 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine and benzo[a]pyrene (BP) in Salmonella typhimurium tester strain TA 100. The anticarcinogenic efficacy of the four carotenoids was further assessed in the BP-induced forestomach tumor model in female Swiss mice. The effect of dietary palm oil was also examined in BP-induced neoplasia in the female Haffkine Swiss mouse strain. Canthaxanthin, beta-carotene, 8'-apo-beta-carotenal, and 8'-apo-beta-carotene methylester showed a dose-dependent decrease in the mutagenicity compared with 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine and BP in strain TA 100. In the BP-induced forestomach tumor model, all four carotenoids showed a similar significant anticarcinogenic effect. Dietary administration of palm oil showed a dose-dependent antitumor activity in the animals. Our results show that the intrinsic antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties of the carotenoids are not significantly influenced by their conversion to vitamin A.
authors.affiliation: Carcinogenesis Division, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Bombay, India.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Azuine
authors.forename: U C
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Goswami
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kayal
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Bhide
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D010938:Plant Oils; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D002338:Carotenoids; D000073878:Palm Oil