title: [Neuropsychological follow-up of children with phenylketonuria treated early].
abstract: We evaluated, yearly, the neuro-psychological development in 16 out of the 27 children with phenylketonuria detected via neonatal screening in the years 1980-90. 14 children had the classical form, while 2 had "variant" type of phenylketonuria. Development quotients always were slightly lower in patients than in controls, but the greatest difference was seen at 1 year of age (92.5 +/- 6.7 vs 101.6 +/- 2.2). At age 6 years, 4 children out of 11 had a IQ equal or below 90.2 of them had neonatal asphyxia, while the others showed, after age 2-4, constantly elevated phenylalanine levels. Four children had a bad metabolic control, as from the age of 2-4 year, and only 1 of them showed a normal IQ at 6 years of age. Regression analyses were used to determine the best predictors of IQ. Parents' social level stood out as the best predictor of IQ at 6 years of age. If this parameter was excluded, phenylalanine level, especially at age 4, best predicted IQ. The following variables had no influence: age at start of diet (they were all begun on diet within the first month of life), pre-diet phenylalanine levels and phenylalanine levels at 1 year of age (all children were, at this age, on good control), DQ (Development Quotient) at age 1. A high percentage (10 out 14) of hyperactive and psychologically instable children was also found, but with no correlations with IQ levels.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Pediatrica I, Bologna, Italia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salardi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Missiroli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piazzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cassio
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tacconi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tolomelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cacciari
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000097:blood; D010661:Phenylketonurias / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010649:Phenylalanine
vernacular_title: Follow-up neuro-psichico di bambini fenilchetonurici trattati precocemente.