[Transfusion-associated graft-vs-host disease].
Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) is a serious, often fatal complication to the transfusion of blood components. TA-GVHD is caused primarily by donor T lymphocytes reacting towards recipient MHC antigens. The diagnosis TA-GVHD should be considered when patients, within a month of receiving blood transfusion, develop sudden, unexpected high fever and erythematous rash, possibly accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms and/or pancytopenia. Congenital (cellular) immune defect, intrauterine transfusion, bone marrow transplantation, Hodgkin's disease, and directed transfusions (especially from first degree relatives) all carry high risk of developing TA-GVHD. Since mortality exceeds 90% irrespective of any treatment, prevention is essential. Pretransfusion gamma-irradiation of blood components with a 25 Gy dose effectively prevents TA-GVHD, and it is therefore recommended that all blood components be irradiated prior to transfusion to patients belonging to defined groups-at-risk.
Lillevang
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Klinisk immunologisk afdeling. Odense Sygehus.
Kristensen
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D001787:Blood Group Incompatibility; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
Transfusionsassocieret graft-versus-host disease.