title: [Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial infections in an intensive care milieu (1985-1989) in Tunis].
abstract: 221 strains of Staphylococcus aureus oxacillin resistant (MetiR) caused nosocomial infections were isolated from 1985 to 1989 in a medical intensive care unit. The survey of susceptibility to antibiotics was established according to the computerized data of disk susceptibility test. The resistance phenotypes to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides and macrolides were established for epidemiological study. S. aureus infections were mainly bacteraemia (31%) and peritonitis (12%). These isolates were resistant to oxacillin with a high level (mean MIC 386 micrograms/ml). Their resistance phenotypes were MLSBc (constitutive resistance to macrolides, lincosamine and streptogramines B) in 53% and S + KGT (resistance to streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin) in 61%. All the isolates were susceptible to pristinamycin and vancomycin (MIC 0.1 and 2 micrograms/ml). These phenotypes related to the spread of multiply drug resistant strains were responsible of nosocomial outbreaks. Strains with the same pattern of resistance were isolated among the medical staff and in the environment. Infection control measures allowed to stop these outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben Hassen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ben Abdallah
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamoun
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fendri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benalgia
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ben Redjeb
mesh_terms: D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010068:Oxacillin; D010641:Phenotype; D012621:Seasons; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014416:Tunisia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D010068:Oxacillin
vernacular_title: Infections nosocomiales à Staphylococcus aureus en milieu de réanimation médicale (1985-1989) à Tunis.