Bovine respiratory syncytial virus-specific immune responses in cattle following immunization with modified-live and inactivated vaccines. Analysis of proliferation and secretion of lymphokines by leukocytes in vitro.
Cattle were immunized with vaccines containing modified-live or inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and lymphocyte proliferative responses and cytokine secretion were monitored sequentially. Compared to pre-inoculated values, significant increases in proliferative responses to modified-live BRSV were detectable by Day 7 after the primary immunization with the vaccine containing inactivated BRSV, and by 7 days after the second immunization with modified-live virus. After a third immunization with the respective vaccines, proliferative responses to live BRSV were significantly higher in the group that received modified-live vaccine compared to the group that received inactivated vaccine. Proliferative responses to live BRSV corresponded with the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the supernatants from BRSV-stimulated leukocyte cultures and there were significantly higher levels of IL-2 in cultures from the group that received modified-live BRSV. An interferon species with the characteristics of interferon-alpha was also present in the supernatants from leukocyte cultures and there were no significant differences between the groups of vaccines. The predominant phenotype of proliferating cells in BRSV-stimulated leukocyte cultures derived from both groups of bovine vaccines was a BoCD4+ T-lymphocyte. These in vitro data suggest that both types of vaccines are capable of stimulating cell-mediated immune responses to BRSV in cattle.
Ellis
J A
JA
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82070.
Belden
E L
EL
Haven
T R
TR
Cavender
J
J
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000276:immunology*; D010253:Respirovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007376:Interleukin-2; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines