Radiation-induced mitotic delay: a genetic characterization in the fission yeast.
Radiation-induced mitotic delay is under investigation in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. A large range of cell cycle- and radiation-sensitive mutants of this yeast is available to facilitate this effort. Through an examination of such mutants it has been shown that the X-ray transition point and the p34cdc2 execution point are coincident; wee1- strains are not delayed by irradiation; and the radiation-sensitive mutants rad1-1, rad3-136, rad9-192, and rad17-W are not delayed by radiation or by inhibitors of DNA synthesis, including hydroxyurea. A model is proposed: Damaged DNA generates a signal to delay mitosis which is carried by the products of the rad genes to activate the tyrosine kinase p110wee1. This in turn inactivates the serine/threonine kinase p34cdc2, thereby blocking entry to mitosis. Unreplicated DNA also initiates a signal to delay mitosis which is carried by these same rad genes but, as indicated in the literature, transmission to p34cdc2 does not require p110wee1. The delay-deficient rad mutants may possess some properties of tumor suppressor genes, with implications for mutagenesis and oncogenesis.
Rowley
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Department of Radiology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City 84132.
D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000494:pharmacology; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014965:X-Rays
D011494:Protein Kinases; D006918:Hydroxyurea