title: Comparison of the effects of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) organic cyanide and inorganic cyanide on muscle and bone development in a Nigerian breed of dog.
abstract: Effects of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)-borne organic cyanide and inorganic cyanide in the form of sodium cyanide on bone and muscle development were investigated in eighteen dogs of Nigerian breed. After 16 weeks of stabilization in the laboratory from the time of purchase when the dogs were fed on the same diet, they were randomly assigned to three experimental groups of six dogs each. The control group was fed on rice while the other two groups were fed on either cassava (gari) or rice plus cyanide. The three diets were made isoenergetic and isonitrogenous by varying the quantity of meat incorporated into them. The results obtained after 14 weeks of feeding the respective diets indicated that there was retardation of muscle development in the gari-fed dogs. This may have resulted from gluconeogenesis from muscle protein associated with suppression of production of insulin by the pancreas in this group. The results indicated also that the effects of inorganic dietary cyanides on muscle development were different. Both forms of dietary cyanides, however, had no adverse effect on bone development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ibebunjo
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Kamalu
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Ihemelandu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D003486:Cyanides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D002365:Manihot / Q000633:toxicity*; D024510:Muscle Development; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003486:Cyanides; D009570:Nitriles