title: Cerebral infarction in a heterozygote with variant antithrombin III.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report a heterozygous case of familial qualitative deficiency of antithrombin III associated with cerebral infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 33-year-old man had a history of recurrent transient ischemic attacks from the age of 28. Cerebral computed tomography at age 29 disclosed a low-density area in the left frontal lobe, and an internal carotid angiogram showed branch occlusion of the right anterior cerebral artery and stenosis of the left middle cerebral artery. Occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery developed thereafter. The plasma antithrombin III antigen concentration and progressive antithrombin activity were normal, but plasma heparin cofactor activity was low in the patient and his father. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the proband's deoxyribonucleic acid showed no mutation in exons II and VI of antithrombin III.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that abnormal antithrombin III with defective heparin binding, even though heterozygous, may cause ischemic stroke in young adults. We named this antithrombin III variant "Antithrombin III Nagasaki."
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motomura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishiura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsujihata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okajima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagataki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020152:Antithrombin III Deficiency; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000990:Antithrombin III