title: Disability in occupations in a national sample.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to develop lists of jobs whose members reported high and low levels of functional disability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of women (n = 6096) and men (n = 3653) were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiological Follow-up. Disability was measured with a modified Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire. We analyzed women and men separately, and we calculated average disability indices within longest-held occupations while adjusting for age, age-squared, married spouse present, and education. We minimized attrition bias with an econometric technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From highest to lowest association with disability, the female broad occupations ranking was as follows: farming, no occupation, laborers, service, technicians, operatives, crafts workers, transportation operators, professionals, sales workers, administrative support, and managers. The male broad occupations ranking was as follows: no occupation, farming, operatives, crafts workers, service, technicians, manager, administrative support, sales, and professionals. The highest levels of disability for women and men occurred among nonconstruction laborers, farm workers, twisting machine operators, servants, machinery maintenance workers, mining machine operators, and bus drivers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that, in understanding levels of functional disability, occupational safety and health play a larger role than is generally assumed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Calif.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Leigh
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fries
mesh_terms: D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009790:Occupations; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology