Evidence that GLUT-2 mRNA and protein concentrations are decreased by hyperinsulinaemia and increased by hyperglycaemia in liver of diabetic rats.
GLUT-2, glucokinase (GK) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA expression was studied in the liver of chronically catheterized diabetic rats during the 3 days after an intravenous injection of 65 mg of streptozotocin (STZ)/kg. At 6 h after the STZ injection, portal plasma insulin levels were 270 +/- 32 mu-units/ml and blood glucose was 1.4 +/- 0.4 mmol/l, owing to pancreatic beta-cell destruction. GLUT-2 and PEPCK mRNA concentrations were rapidly and dramatically decreased (> 90%), whereas GK mRNA was increased. After 30 h, plasma insulin concentrations were lower than 5 mu-units/ml and blood glucose was > 20 mmol/l. GLUT-2 and PEPCK mRNA concentrations increased 2-fold and GK mRNA disappeared progressively. In order to assess the relative roles of hyperglycaemia and insulinopenia, blood glucose was clamped at 6.4 +/- 0.5 mmol/l from 18 to 72 h after STZ injection by phlorizin infusion (0.5-2 g/day per kg) or at 6.6 +/- 0.3 mmol/l from 18 to 48 h after STZ injection by insulin infusion (0.25 unit/min per kg). GLUT-2 mRNA concentrations were 50% lower in phlorizin-infused than in untreated diabetic rats. The low levels of GK mRNA and the high levels of PEPCK mRNA were unaffected by normalization of hyperglycaemia in phlorizin-infused diabetic rats. In insulin-infused rats (portal plasma insulin levels of 40 mu-units/ml) GLUT-2 mRNA levels were 25% of those in untreated diabetic rats, and they increased rapidly 6 h after insulin infusion was stopped. Liver GLUT-2 protein concentration showed similar changes in response to STZ injection and to phlorizin or insulin treatment, but after a delay of several hours. From this work we conclude that GLUT-2 gene expression is dramatically and rapidly (< 6 h) decreased by portal hyperinsulinaemia and increased by hyperglycaemia.
Burcelin
R
R
Centre de Recherche sur l'Endocrinologie Moléculaire et le Développement, CNRS, Paris, France.
Eddouks
M
M
Kande
J
J
Assan
R
R
Girard
J
J
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000235:genetics; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005934:Glucagon; D005941:Glucokinase; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)