title: The effect of pH on release of PGE2 from vaginal and endocervical preparations for induction of labour: an in-vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of pH and precoating with obstetric cream on the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from commercially available triacetin and starch based gels, lactose based vaginal tablets and sustained release hydrogel polymer pessaries in-vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  PGE2 preparations held in dialysis bags were placed in Ringers lactate buffer and release of PGE2 into the buffer was measured over 8-12 h by radioimmunoassay. The hydrogel polymer pessary was also assessed after precoating with obstetric cream.
  
  
  METHODS
  In-vitro PGE2 release at pH 7.4, pH 5.4 and pH 3.4. RESULTS The gel preparations provided rapid and reliable release, while the lactose based vaginal tablet provided much lower release of PGE2 with sudden and variable release occurring after 5-8 h, an effect which was enhanced at low pH. With the triacetin gel preparation, release of PGE2 was reduced at lower pH, while the starch based gel appeared to provide optimal release at pH 5.4. The hydrogel polymer pessaries provided linear release in-vitro and this was reduced at pH 3.4. In addition, precoating the sustained release hydrogel polymer pessaries with obstetric cream virtually abolished release of PGE2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As the vagina is normally acid, these results suggest that vaginal pH could influence PGE2 release and this may result in variable clinical responses. In view of this, pH should be taken into account in the development of preparations for clinical use. Furthermore, the use of obstetric cream should be avoided when administering PGE2 preparations for induction of labour.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Calder
mesh_terms: D002477:Cells; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007751:Labor, Induced; D010570:Pessaries; D011247:Pregnancy; D014215:Triacetin / Q000378:metabolism; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies; D006859:Hydrogen; D015232:Dinoprostone; D014215:Triacetin