title: Comparison of open and blind histopathologic evaluation of hepatic lesions.
abstract: This paper explores the controversy among scientists on whether microscopic evaluation of tissue slides should be done in an open or blind fashion. Definitions are given and discussed that provide a better focus to the problem. An experiment was conducted in which hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis in rats were assessed both openly and blindly. The results indicate that 'simple bias' is present when the slides are read openly. Valid comparisons among treatment groups are possible in the presence of simple bias, provided appropriate control groups have been incorporated into the experimental design.
authors.affiliation: Health Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: House
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Seely
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Simmons
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D009336:Necrosis; D015588:Observer Variation; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344