title: Molecular analysis of human immunoglobulin V lambda germline genes: subgroups V lambda III and V lambda IV.
abstract: Three human immunoglobulin V lambda germline genes have been isolated: two from the V lambda IV subgroup and one from the V lambda III subgroup. The V lambda III gene and one of the V lambda IV genes appear to be functional (each being utilized in at least two expressed V lambda genes), despite deviations from the reported consensus sequences in their promoter TATA-box and recombination signal sequence elements. The other V lambda IV gene is a pseudogene. Of the 20 human V lambda germline genes characterized to date, 45% are pseudogenes or vestigial genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Daley
authors.forename: H Q
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Misener
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Siminovitch
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015723:Gene Library; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006801:Humans; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics*; D007146:Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011544:Pseudogenes; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D016385:TATA Box
chemical_list: D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D007146:Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains