title: The innervation of the closer muscle of the mesothoracic spiracle of the locust.
abstract: The closer muscle of the mesothoracic spiracle of the locust, Schistocerca gregaria is innervated by two excitatory motoneurones and also by processes of a peripherally located neurosecretory cell. Within the muscle, ultrastructural studies show the presence of two types of excitatory nerve terminal which differ in the content of dense cored vesicles and in their distribution. The ventral segment of the muscle is innervated predominantly by terminals with small clear vesicles and only an occasional dense-cored vesicle. The central part of the muscle is innervated predominantly by terminals with small clear vesicles and larger numbers of dense-cored vesicles. The dorsal segment of the muscle is innervated exclusively by a neurosecretory type innervation. The small neurohaemal organ of the median nerve close to the spiracle muscle is immunoreactive to an antibody raised against bovine pancreatic polypeptide but no immunoreactive processes enter the muscle itself. The muscle possesses specific octopaminergic receptors that increase cyclic AMP levels and the possibility that the neurosecretory input to the muscle is provided by either a central or peripheral octopamine containing neurone is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Zoology, University of Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Swales
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cournil
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003035:Cobalt; D006110:Grasshoppers / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000032:analysis; D017982:Receptors, Biogenic Amine
chemical_list: D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D017982:Receptors, Biogenic Amine; C027604:norsynephrine receptor; D003035:Cobalt