title: Epidural morphine reduces halothane MAC in humans.
abstract: The effect of epidural morphine sulphate (4 mg in 10 ml saline) on the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane was investigated in a double-blind, randomized fashion in ten adult patients undergoing abdominal surgery, and compared with the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane after epidural administration of 10 ml saline in a similar group of patients. Morphine sulphate, administered through the epidural catheter 98 +/- 33 min before to skin incision reduced the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane by 28% (0.57% vs 0.78%, P < 0.05).
authors.affiliation: Département D'Anesthesiologie, Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire, Genève, Suisse.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Schwieger
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Klopfenstein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forster
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006221:Halothane / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000378:metabolism; D013990:Tidal Volume; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D009020:Morphine; D006221:Halothane