title: Urinary trypsin levels observed in pancreas transplant patients with duodenocystostomies promote in vitro fibrinolysis and in vivo bacterial adherence to urothelial surfaces.
abstract: This study evaluated the role of activated urinary trypsin in mediating the increased incidence of infectious and hemorrhagic lower urinary tract complications in pancreas transplant patients with pancreatico-duodenocystostomies (PDC). The effect of trypsin concentrations corresponding to those observed in the urine of PDC patients were studied using an in vitro assay of clot lysis and an in vivo assay of bacterial-urinary tract adherence. Results were compared with those of parallel assays performed using urine from a pancreas transplant patient with a duodenocystostomy and control human urine. All trypsin concentrations studied demonstrated fibrinolytic activity. Fibrinolysis increased as a direct function of both trypsin concentration and duration of substrate exposure (P < 0.0001). Fibrin lysis resulting from the urine of the transplant patient was 4.6 times greater than that predicted based upon assays of total trypsin content in the sample. Fibrinolytic activity in control urine specimens was 0.16% of that observed in transplant urine specimens. Exposure of the rat urinary bladder to 200 micrograms/ml trypsin concentrations, or transplant urine, resulted in a significant increase in bacterial adherence over that seen in control urine from treated animals (P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate a significant effect of urinary trypsin on physiologic processes involved in hemostasis and the prevention of urinary tract infection. Active urinary trypsin may play an etiologic role in hemorrhagic and infectious lower urinary tract complications observed in patients with a PDC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: See
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D003559:Cystostomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D004385:Duodenostomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000502:physiology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D014357:Trypsin / Q000652:urine*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D014357:Trypsin