title: Plasmodium falciparum and P. berghei: detection of sporozoites and the circumsporozoite proteins in the saliva of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes.
abstract: Sporozoites and free circumsporozoite (CS) protein were stained immunoenzymatically in 1-min saliva samples collected from Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes infected with either Plasmodium berghei or P. falciparum. The number of sporozoites in 1-min saliva-streak samples significantly increased as the salivary gland index rose from 3+ to 4+. For P. berghei-infected mosquitoes from which saliva had been collected before 30 days postfeed, the median sporozoite counts for 3+ and 4+ gland indexes were 4.5 and 116, respectively. For P. falciparum-infected mosquitoes, the median counts obtained in two experiments were 4.5 and 14.5 (3+) and 97 and 107 (4+), respectively. The frequency of sporozoite detection in the saliva of mosquitoes containing < 100 salivary-gland sporozoites was low (0.1), whereas that in the saliva of mosquitoes with > 100 sporozoites was high (0.96). In highly infected 4+ P. berghei-infected mosquitoes from which saliva had been collected after 30 days postinfection, both the volume of saliva collected and the median number of sporozoites recovered decreased significantly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Golenda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burge
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000469:parasitology; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D012463:Saliva / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C041595:circumsporozoite protein, Protozoan