title: In situ extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for obstructing ureteral stones with acute renal colic.
abstract: In situ (no instrumentation) extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL*) was used to treat 49 patients with obstructing ureteral stones causing acute renal colic. Ureteral obstruction was diagnosed on the delayed films of an excretory urogram and was classified as severe (dilatation above and no contrast medium seen below the stone) in 17 patients and partial (dilatation above and contrast medium seen below the stone) in 32. Upper third ureteral stones were present in 41 patients (obstruction severe in 15 and partial in 26) and lower third ureteral stones were present in 8 (obstruction severe in 2 and partial in 6). ESWL was performed within 14 days of the onset of the acute renal colic because of persistent pain with an unmodified Dornier HM3 lithotriptor in 17 patients and a Medstone STS device in 32. With single stones the stone-free rate at 3 months, the repeat ESWL rate and the secondary procedure (stone basketing) rate were 92%, 6% and 8%, respectively, with severe obstruction, and 78%, 6% and 6%, respectively, with partial obstruction. No urinary drainage procedures for sepsis were required after ESWL. Obstructing ureteral stones, which presented mainly in the upper third of the ureter, were successfully treated with in situ ESWL without the need for either bypassing the stone with a ureteral stent or for pushing the stone back into the kidney before treatment with ESWL.
authors.affiliation: Midwest Urologic Stone Unit, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Cass
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D003085:Colic / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*