title: Population-based study of measles and measles immunization in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.
abstract: This study reports the course of measles and results of measles immunization in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Six cases of measles were identified. All had typical clinical manifestations, 5 of 6 developed pneumonia and 3 of 6 died. A measles intervention program consisting of serologic screening and active immunization (measles-mumps-rubella (MMR)) was instituted in 1990. Among 127 children with data available for analysis (mean age, 6.7 years), only 35% had documentation of prior immunization with MMR. Among 80 children who had preimmunization measles serology reported, 56% were measles antibody-negative and 40% were antibody-positive; following intervention 36% remained measles antibody-negative. Six children lost measles antibody over time. MMR nonresponders had lower CD4 lymphocyte counts (303 +/- 394) compared with responders (865 +/- 677; P = 0.0058). Measles is a potentially fatal illness in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Prevention strategies are limited by low rates of age-appropriate MMR immunization, poor antibody responses to MMR in older human immunodeficiency virus-infected children and seroreversion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palumbo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hoyt
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Demasio
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oleske
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Connor
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008457:Measles / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D009108:Mumps Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D012411:Rubella Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D009108:Mumps Vaccine; D012411:Rubella Vaccine