title: Antigenic characterization of the live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine virus SA14-14-2: a comparison with isolates of the virus covering a wide geographic area.
abstract: In China, a live attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine, based on strain SA14-14-2, has been derived from the wild-type strain SA14 as an alternative to the current inactivated vaccines such as Nakayama-NIH and P-3. SA14-14-2 has been characterized using monoclonal antibodies derived in mice, using HAI and neutralization tests, and compared with other Chinese live vaccine clones and 14 wild-type strains of JE virus. Wild-type strain SA14 was found to be a poor immunogen and antigenically distant from all other viruses examined. The vaccine derivatives SA14-5-3 was more immunogenic than its wild-type parent, while SA14-14-2 (derived from SA14-5-3) was more immunogenic than SA14-5-3 and elicited a cross neutralizing antibody response. Our studies indicated that JE virus strain Nakayama elicited as good a neutralizing antibody response in hyperimmunized mice as the SA14-14-2 vaccine clones grown in either primary hamster kidney (PHK) or primary dog kidney (PDK) cells. A single dose of live SA14-14-2 (PHK) also elicited a good antibody response. Antigenic variation between wild-type and vaccine clones of JE virus were detected but were not considered significant in terms of controlling JE virus infections by vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Tenovus Laboratory, Southampton General Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Wills
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Sil
authors.forename: J X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Y X
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines