title: Phase I study of 5-fluorouracil with folinic acid combined with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
abstract: A Phase I study was conducted to determine whether the addition of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) to a combined 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) regimen would allow an escalated starting dose of 5-FU. FA (500 mg/m2) was administered as a 2-hour infusion on days 1 through 5, with 5-FU administered as a bolus injection 1 hour after the initiation of FA. Fifteen patients were enrolled in the trial; six were entered at a dose level of 375 mg/m2 of 5-FU, six at 450 mg/m2, and three at 540 mg/m2. rhGM-CSF was administered subcutaneously on days 6 through 15. A course of therapy was repeated every 28 days. Serious toxicity was observed at 450 mg/m2, with two patients developing grade 3 mucositis and one, grade 4 mucositis. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred at 540 mg/m2, at which point three patients developed grade 4 mucositis. One patient with metastatic colon cancer who received 5-FU at 540 mg/m2 achieved a partial response. Because of this persistent mucositis, the addition of rhGM-CSF used in this schedule would not allow an increased starting dose of 5-FU.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pazdur
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil