title: Regulation of the differentiation of teratocarcinoma cells into primitive endoderm by G alpha i2.
abstract: The amount of the heterotrimeric G protein subunit G alpha i2 decreases after the induction of F9 teratocarcinoma cells to become primitive endoderm in the presence of retinoic acid (RA). The reduction of the G alpha i2 protein in F9 cells by antisense RNA expression was associated with (i) loss of receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase; (ii) decreased cell doubling time; (iii) induction of a primitive, endoderm-like phenotype in the absence of RA; and (iv) production of the differentiation marker tissue-type plasminogen activator. Expression of a constitutively active, mutant G alpha i2 blocked RA-induced differentiation. These data suggest the involvement of G alpha i2 in the control of stem cell differentiation and provide insight into the involvement of G proteins in growth regulation.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research Program, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Malbon
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016372:RNA, Antisense; D013724:Teratoma / Q000473:pathology*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016372:RNA, Antisense; D014212:Tretinoin; D013917:Thrombin; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases