title: Inadvertent intrathecal use of ionic contrast media for myelography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe instances of inadvertent intrathecal injection of ionic contrast media and to consider treatment approaches, and diagnostic and medicolegal issues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten cases of inadvertent injection, of which nine were reported to the manufacturers/authors and one appeared in the literature, are related with emphasis on similarity of reactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six criteria are enumerated and used to coin the term "ascending tonic-clonic seizure syndrome."
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapeutic possibilities seem limited, but several methods for controlling seizures are suggested. The importance of identifying the contrast material is underscored. Awareness of the grave possibility of administering the wrong contrast material is the first step in avoiding this problem; awareness of the symptoms is the first step toward therapy.
authors.affiliation: Nycomed AS, Torshov, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Bøhn
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suljaga-Petchel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003974:Diatrizoate Meglumine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007472:Iohexol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008794:Metrizoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008875:Middle Aged; D009192:Myelography; D009994:Osmolar Concentration
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003974:Diatrizoate Meglumine; D007472:Iohexol; D008794:Metrizoic Acid; C021342:methylglucamine metrizoate