title: Clinically occult presentation of comminuted intertrochanteric hip fractures.
abstract: Hip fractures in awake patients are rarely subtle in their clinical presentation. We report two cases of occult, comminuted, intertrochanteric hip fractures that occurred in awake, elderly patients who were brought to the emergency department for evaluation of other medical conditions. Neither patient complained of hip pain, and both were transported to the ED without spinal immobilization. Physical examination revealed no sign of hip fracture. Patient 1 was scheduled for admission and just prior to transfer out of the ED developed hip pain. Patient 2 was admitted for workup of possible transient ischemic attack and approximately 2.5 hours after admission complained of hip pain. Radiographs of both patients revealed comminuted intertrochanteric hip fractures. In an elderly, nonambulatory patient who may have fallen prior to evaluation, routine radiographs of the pelvis and hip should be performed followed by plain tomography, computed tomography, bone scan, or magnetic resonance imaging as indicated to rule out occult hip fracture. Even comminuted intertrochanteric hip fractures can present in an occult fashion; therefore, a high index of suspicion must be maintained for these injuries.
authors.affiliation: Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lindberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Macias
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Gipe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004635:Emergency Medicine; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male