title: Intra-neural electrical stimulation of cutaneous nociceptive fibres in humans: effects of different pulse patterns on magnitude of pain.
abstract: A study was performed to elucidate how different impulse frequencies and impulse patterns in cutaneous nociceptive fibres influence the subjective magnitude of pain. Groups of nociceptive A delta and C fibres were co-activated by electrical intraneural stimulation at constant intensity in cutaneous fascicles of the peroneal nerve in healthy human subjects. The resulting pain sensations were rated on a modified visual analogue scale. Five-second trains were administered randomly at irregular intervals of at least 30 s. Five of the stimulus patterns had regular interpulse intervals, corresponding to frequencies of 1, 2, 4, 10 and 15 Hz, and three other patterns were constructed to mimic to some extent the initially phasic and subsequently slowly adapting discharge patterns which may be encountered in recordings from human nociceptors. The results from these experiments using stimulation frequencies within physiological discharge ranges for human nociceptors indicate that the subjective magnitude of pain increases monotonously as a function of stimulus frequency, and that patterns mimicking nociceptor discharges in response to natural stimuli give rise to greater peak magnitudes of pain than artificial regular patterns with a corresponding number of impulses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jørum
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holm
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Torebjörk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004566:Electrodes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000502:physiology*; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000502:physiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010543:Peroneal Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation*