Prognosis of patients with unilateral renal agenesis.
The clinical course was reviewed in 157 patients with unilateral renal agenesis and a normal contralateral kidney for the purpose of establishing a prognosis. There were 85 males (54%) and 72 females (46%). The mean age at diagnosis of unilateral renal agenesis was 37 years. The mean years at risk was 56. Proteinuria (> 150 mg/24 h) was found in 19% of the 37 patients tested (P < 0.001), hypertension developed in 47% of the 47 patients tested (P = 0.010), and renal function (adjusted for age and sex) was decreased in 13% of the 32 patients tested (P = 0.001). An increased filtration fraction was found in 7 (54%) of 13 patients evaluated. At the completion of this study, 114 patients (73%) were alive, and the survival rate was similar to that of age-, sex-matched United States life tables. Forty-three patients (27%) died; 6 deaths (4%) were caused by renal failure. Our review indicates that patients with unilateral renal agenesis and a normal solitary kidney are at increased risk of proteinuria, hypertension, and renal insufficiency. Therefore, it is essential to have prolonged and careful follow-up and to employ strategies that maximize renal preservation.
Argueso
L R
LR
Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
Ritchey
M L
ML
Boyle
E T
ET
Milliner
D S
DS
Bergstralh
E J
EJ
Kramer
S A
SA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology