title: Spontaneous hemothorax. Report of 6 cases and review of the literature.
abstract: We present 6 cases of spontaneous hemothorax and comprehensively review the medical literature on this subject. We categorize the reported causes and offer a rational diagnostic approach to patients with nontraumatic hemothorax. We recommend specific treatments for specific etiologies, and emphasize the importance of well-established surgical principles for the treatment of hemothorax. Our suggestions should enable physicians to accurately diagnose and expeditiously treat patients with spontaneous hemothorax.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pickering
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000150:complications; D001019:Aortic Rupture / Q000150:complications; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006491:Hemothorax / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006493:Heparin / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities; D011677:Punctures / Q000009:adverse effects; D013898:Thoracic Injuries / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D006493:Heparin