title: Endrin-induced urinary excretion of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, malondialdehyde and acetone in rats.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that endrin induces an oxidative stress in rats as demonstrated by an increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation, a decrease in glutathione content and a decrease in the activity in selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase. We have therefore examined the effects of orally administering 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 mg endrin/kg on the urinary excretion of the lipid metabolites formaldehyde, malondialdehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone. The simultaneous determination of these four lipid metabolites may be a useful biomarker for assessing exposure to xenobiotics which induce an oxidative stress and enhanced lipid peroxidation. Urine samples were collected up to 72 h post-treatment. The identities of the lipid metabolites were confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, while the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatives of these metabolic products were quantitated by high pressure liquid chromatography. Maximum increases in the excretion of the four lipid metabolites occurred at approx. 24 h post-treatment at all doses with no significant increases in excretion occurring thereafter. The maximum increases in excretion of malondialdehyde, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were approx. 160%, 93%, 121% and 162%, respectively, relative to control values. Seventy-two hours after endrin administration, the liver weight/body weight and spleen weight/body weight ratios significantly increased while the thymus weight/body weight ratio markedly decreased. The results demonstrate that endrin induces dose- and time-dependent alterations in lipid metabolism with the enhanced excretion of specific metabolic products in the urine.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bagchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bagchi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hassoun
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Stohs
mesh_terms: D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000652:urine; D000096:Acetone / Q000652:urine*; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000652:urine*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004732:Endrin / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000652:urine; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000652:urine; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013154:Spleen / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D015415:Biomarkers; D000096:Acetone; D005557:Formaldehyde; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000079:Acetaldehyde; D004732:Endrin