title: A clinical trial of buparvaquone in the treatment of East Coast fever.
abstract: A clinical trial was conducted to test buparvaquone (Butalex; Coopers Pitman-Moore) in the treatment of East Coast fever under field conditions in Kenya. Data from 229 cases were analysed following treatment with one (69), two (142) or three (18) doses at 2.5 mg/kg. The majority of cattle (95.2 per cent) were exotic (Bos taurus) or improved (Bos taurus cross Bos indicus) and 39.3 per cent were infected with Anaplasma marginale. There was an overall recovery rate of 85.6 per cent, with 90.1 per cent recovering following one treatment and 75.4 per cent recovering following two treatments. At a follow-up visit three to six months after completion of the trial data was obtained on 224 cases. Thirty had died, 13 of which were reported to have been from East Coast fever, nine had been sold and six slaughtered. Of the remaining 146, 86.3 per cent were in good condition, 13.7 per cent fair and 2.0 per cent in poor condition. A two dose regimen was most effective and should be recommended except in very early cases or those under direct veterinary supervision.
authors.affiliation: International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Dolan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Injairu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gisemba
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Maina
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mbadi
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mbwiria
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Mulela
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Othieno
mesh_terms: D000712:Anaplasmosis / Q000150:complications; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007630:Kenya; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016797:Theileria parva; D013801:Theileriasis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009285:Naphthoquinones; C046326:buparvaquone