title: Pharmacodynamic effects of three doses of ORG 9426 used for endotracheal intubation in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the pharmacodynamic characteristics of three incremental doses of ORG 9426 used for endotracheal intubation in patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind, randomized administration of one of three doses of intravenous ORG 9426.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatients requiring surgery at Georgetown University Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients, ages 18 to 65, ASA physical status I, II, and III, scheduled for general surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  After Georgetown University Institutional Review Board approval and patient consent, patients were premedicated with midazolam or droperidol. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental sodium and fentanyl. Anesthesia was maintained with 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen. The ulnar nerve was stimulated supramaximally with a 2 Hz train-of-four (TOF) every 20 seconds. Thumb contractions were measured with a force transducer. When TOF and anesthesia were stable, 2, 2.5, or 3 times the ED95 of ORG 9426 (570 micrograms/kg, 710 micrograms/kg, or 850 micrograms/kg) was administered randomly. Tracheal intubation was attempted at maximal depression of the first TOF response (T1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The following parameters were measured: time interval from the injection of ORG 9426 to 90% depression of T1 (T1 90% block), maximal T1 depression (onset time), intubating conditions, clinical duration (time for return of T1 to 25% of control), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and any adverse clinical experience. ORG 9426 provided adequate intubating conditions in all patients but two, independent of the dose used. Its onset time was rapid, but increasing the dose did not shorten the onset. T1 90% block was achieved rapidly (75 +/- 25 seconds to 78 +/- 18 seconds, means +/- SD). The clinical duration of ORG 9426 was relatively short and lengthened with increasing doses (from 36 +/- 18 minutes at 570 micrograms/kg to 42 +/- 10 minutes at 850 micrograms/kg. Spontaneous twitch recovery from 10% to 25% was similar in all dosage groups (5 +/- 1 minutes to 6 +/- 4 minutes). No clinically significant changes in HR and BP and no adverse clinical experiences were noted in any group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings warrant further clinical evaluation of ORG 9426 for induction and maintenance of muscle relaxation in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007-2197.
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lapeyre
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lea
authors.forename: D Q
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kataria
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000732:Androstanols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077123:Rocuronium; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000732:Androstanols; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D000077123:Rocuronium