title: Effects of cationic polypeptides on the activity, substrate interaction, and autophosphorylation of casein kinase II: a study with calmodulin.
abstract: The effects of basic polypeptides on the ability of casein kinase II to phosphorylate an exogenous substrate (calmodulin) are correlated with steady-state autophosphorylation of the alpha- and beta-subunits of casein kinase II. Polylysine and polyarginine increase autophosphorylation of the alpha-subunit with a concomitant decrease in beta-subunit phosphorylation, while enhancing casein kinase II-stimulated phosphorylation of calmodulin over 100-fold. The highly basic carboxyl terminal segment of the endogenous p21c-Ki-ras has similar effects on the phosphorylation of calmodulin and the alpha- and beta-subunits of casein kinase II. Altering the concentration of cationic polypeptides produces a biphasic effect on the phosphorylation of both calmodulin and the alpha-subunit, which correlate positively with each other but do not correlate with beta-subunit phosphorylation. When the KCl concentration is changed, casein kinase II activity correlates positively only with alpha-subunit phosphorylation. In contrast, the biphasic response of calmodulin phosphorylation by casein kinase II at different Ca2+ concentrations correlates positively with both alpha- and beta-subunit phosphorylation. Therefore, in the presence of basic protein activators, the rate of phosphorylation of a substrate, calmodulin, correlates with steady-state phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit, but not with the beta-subunit under all conditions tested. Endogenous cationic factors may modulate the in vivo activity of casein kinase II and alter the interaction of the enzyme with specific intracellular substrates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Sacks
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McDonald
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D047390:Casein Kinase II; D002414:Cations, Monovalent / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011107:Polylysine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D012156:Reticulocytes / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D002414:Cations, Monovalent; D010455:Peptides; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011107:Polylysine; C015462:polyarginine; D047390:Casein Kinase II; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D002118:Calcium