Differences in the metabolism of the antitumour agents amsacrine and its derivative CI-921 in rat and mouse.
1. Rats and mice were treated with the antitumour agent CI-921 (I), and parent compound amsacrine, with all biliary metabolites being analysed. 2. In both rat and mouse the major biliary metabolites of amsacrine are the 5'- and 6'-glutathione (GSH) conjugates, with no C9-GSH conjugate being detected. 3. 5'- and 6'-GSH conjugates of I are also formed in both species. However, two additional products were detected and their structures confirmed by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry and 1H-n.m.r. spectrometry, and by comparison with synthetic standards. 4. Additional metabolites of I are the C9-GSH conjugate and the 4-hydroxymethyl derivative which, either as the aglycone or glucuronide, is the predominant product in rat bile (comprising 56% of the dose eliminated over 3.5 h). 5. Relative amounts of the C9-GSH conjugate to the 5'- and 6'-GSH conjugates to the 4-hydroxymethyl derivatives, were 24:65:10 in mouse bile and 2:8:90 in rat bile. 6. These differences indicate first, likely enzyme involvement in the formation of the C9-GSH conjugate of I, and second, in comparison with amsacrine, alternative pathways which may decrease formation of the reactive quinone diimine intermediate of I and consequent hepatotoxicity.
Robertson
I G
IG
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland School of Medicine, New Zealand.
Palmer
B D
BD
Paxton
J W
JW
Shaw
G J
GJ
D000677:Amsacrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000677:Amsacrine; C042315:asulacrine