title: Lack of effect of social context on the reinforcing effects of diazepam in humans.
abstract: The reinforcing effects of diazepam (DZP) were compared under two conditions in human volunteers using a cumulative dose procedure. Under the social (SOC) condition, groups of two to four subjects participated concurrently whereas in the solitary (SOL) condition subjects participated individually. During the first four sessions of each condition, subjects received 20 mg DZP in five divided doses (4 mg) in two of the sessions and placebo (PL) in the other two sessions. Each drug (DZP or PL) was administered in a distinctively colored capsule and labeled by letter code. During the last three choice sessions, subjects chose which capsule they wished to self-administer and were allowed to choose up to a maximum of seven capsules (28 mg DZP) during each session. Subjects also filled out questionnaires that assessed momentary mood. Overall, DZP was chosen on 33% of choice sessions and there were no differences across conditions. There was a tendency for choice to be correlated with levels of weekly alcohol consumption and liking scores, and as well the latter two measures were correlated. DZP produced sedative-like subjective effects that did not appear to be related to setting, choice of drug in the study, or alcohol drinking history. These results partially confirm previous reports of a relationship between DZP preference and alcohol consumption, but differ from previously reported studies in the overall lower level of DZP choice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Johanson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Wit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects*; D003975:Diazepam / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012646:Self Administration; D012934:Social Isolation
chemical_list: D003975:Diazepam