title: Cerebral palsy.
abstract: The clinical pattern and etiology of 544 cases of cerebral palsy were studied retrospectively. Of these cases, 354 (65.1%) were males. Four hundred and ninety seven (91.4%) cases were of spastic type. Hypotonic, ataxic and athetoid cerebral palsy were observed in 5.5, 1.5 and 1.3% cases, respectively. There was one case each of tremor and mixed type. In the spastic group, quadriplegia comprised the maximum number of cases (34.9%). Hemiplegia (28.7%) and diplegia (21.9) were also common. Mental retardation was found in 47.2%, while speech impairment was observed in 37% cases. Other handicaps included visual (9%), seizures (8.8%), and auditory handicap (2.9%). The etiological factors were prenatal in 7.7% cases, natal in 43.8% cases and postnatal in 26.1% cases. More than one etiological factor was observed in 14.5% cases, while in 7.9% cases, no apparent cause could be found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi.
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Laisram
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007223:Infant; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors