title: Cognitive development of Yu-Cheng ("oil disease") children prenatally exposed to heat-degraded PCBs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the cognitive development in Taiwanese children who had been exposed prenatally to high levels of heat-degraded polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with control children who were exposed to background levels. The disorder was called Yu-Cheng, "oil disease," in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Matched-pair cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Communities in central Taiwan in which there had been a cooking-oil contamination and mass poisoning by heat-degraded PCBs in 1978 through 1979.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eighteen children born between June 1978 and March 1985 during or after their mothers' consumption of contaminated rice oil; 118 children matched for age, sex, neighborhood, maternal age, and parental education and occupational class; and 15 older siblings of exposed children, born before the poisoning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cognitive development measured from 1985 through 1990 using the Chinese versions of the Stanford-Binet test and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Revised,
  
  
  RESULTS
  The exposed children scored approximately 5 points lower on the Stanford-Binet test at the ages of 4 and 5 years and approximately 5 points lower on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Revised, at the ages of 6 and 7 years. Children born up to 6 years after their mothers' exposure were as affected as children born within a year or two after exposure when examined at 6 and 7 years of age. Older siblings resembled the control children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children prenatally exposed to heat-degraded PCBs had poorer cognitive development than their matched controls. The effect persisted in the children up to the age of 7 years, and children born long after the exposure were still affected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Rogan
mesh_terms: D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D012275:Oryza / Q000506:poisoning*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000506:poisoning*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000506:poisoning*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls