title: Effect of maternal oxygen administration on fetal oxygenation during graded reduction of umbilical or uterine blood flow in fetal sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Effects of maternal oxygen administration on fetal blood gases and on oxygen delivery and consumption during reduced uterine and reduced umbilical blood flows were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  In eight pregnant sheep (gestational age 133 +/- 4 days) flow transducers were applied to a uterine and the common umbilical artery. Graded reductions in uterine and umbilical blood flows were achieved by a hypogastric artery snare and a balloon cuff encircling the umbilical cord. Fetal femoral arterial and umbilical venous oxygen contents and flows were measured at varying flow reductions with the ewe breathing air or oxygen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During 75% reduction in umbilical blood flow maternal oxygen administration significantly increased fetal oxygen delivery (6.4 +/- 2.5 to 7.7 +/- 2.3 ml/min/kg) and oxygen consumption (4.3 +/- 1.2 to 5.0 +/- 0.8 ml/min/kg). With similar reduction of uterine flow oxygen administration increased oxygen delivery from 8.3 +/- 2.4 to 12.3 +/- 3.6 and oxygen consumption from 3.3 +/- 0.8 to 4.7 +/- 1.6 ml/min/kg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal oxygen inhalation improves fetal oxygenation during umbilical but especially during uterine blood flow reduction.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0544.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Paulick
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rudolph
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011247:Pregnancy; D012756:Sheep; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen