title: Cocaine impairs gonadotropin secretion in oophorectomized monkeys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to determine whether cocaine alters gonadotropin secretion in oophorectomized monkeys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oophorectomized monkeys with elevated gonadotropin levels were chronically cannulated to allow blood sampling every 15 minutes. Monkeys received either saline solution or 2 or 4 mg/kg cocaine hydrochloride as an intravenous bolus. Other oophorectomized monkeys were pretreated with either saline solution or 4 mg/kg cocaine 2 hours before bolus gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration, and plasma luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels were measured every 15 minutes for 3 hours. Monkeys were also given either saline solution or 4 mg/kg of cocaine with gonadotropin-releasing hormone simultaneously, and plasma gonadotropin levels were measured every 15 minutes for 3 hours. Serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both doses of cocaine resulted in a significant decrease in luteinizing hormone levels compared with controls. Follicle-stimulating hormone levels were significantly decreased only with the 4 mg/kg dose of cocaine. There was no difference in luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the cocaine-treated monkeys compared with saline solution-treated monkeys by using repeated-measures analysis of variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that acute cocaine administration to oophorectomized primates inhibits basal luteinizing hormone-follicle-stimulating hormone secretion but not gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone release. In the absence of an effect on gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated gonadotropin release, we conclude that the impaired luteinizing hormone-follicle-stimulating hormone secretion after cocaine administration is due in part to a direct effect of cocaine on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons or on hypothalamic neurotransmitter modulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone release.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7836.
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Cañez
authors: M H
authors: MH
authors: Samuels
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Luther
authors: T S
authors: TS
authors: King
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Schenken
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D010052:Ovariectomy
chemical_list: D006062:Gonadotropins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; C005618:benzoylecgonine; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D003042:Cocaine