Experimental studies of immunotoxicity of a photosensitizing agent (Photofrin II) in mice.
Immunotoxicity studies have been performed on the photosensitizing agent Photofrin II (PHFR), a porphyrin derivative used in photodynamic therapy. Hybrid CD2F1 (H-2d/H-2d) or inbred C57Bl/6 (H-2b) male mice were injected with graded doses of the agent (from 1.2 to 12 mg/Kg ip) on day -5, -3 and -1 before assays. The animals, or spleen cells collected from them on day 0 with respect to PHFR treatment, were tested for: a) competence of producing GVHD upon cell transfer into allogeneic, immunosuppressed recipients; b) graft response against challenge with allogeneic lymphoma cells; c) delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) against sheep red blood cells; d) in vitro response to mitogens; e) NK cell activity; f) in vitro generation of alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL); g) resistance against the challenge of a sublethal dose of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover the LD50 of the drug given ip has been determined in male CD2F1 mice. The results show that PHFR, even at the highest doses used, does not affect most of the immunological parameters studied, except for a marginal inhibition of CTL generation and increment in proliferative responses to Con A or LPS. These data along with parallel studies performed by our group on human models in vitro, showing increased susceptibility of PHFR-treated tumors to NK or LAK effector cells, point out that PHFR, in the absence of systemic photoactivation, is essentially non-immunotoxic in vivo and could render tumor cells more susceptible to natural immunity.
Bianchi
R
R
Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Italy.
Giampietri
A
A
Campanile
F
F
Fioretti
M C
MC
Puccetti
P
P
D000818:Animals; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects*; D007239:Infections / Q000276:immunology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether