title: [Main vascular access in situations of extreme urgency: intra-osseous infusion].
abstract: The intraosseous infusion is an easy technique to learn. The chosen places for infusion are: proximal tibia, distal tibia and distal femur. We have used this technique on thirteen occasions in emergency situations. In all cases, access was achieved in less than one minute. Saline, glucose and Ringer's solutions, sodium bicarbonate, blood, calcium chloride, epinephrine, atropine, succinylcholine, dopamine, dobutamine, isoproterenol, lidocaine and anticonvulsants may be infused. The doses are the same as those used in parenteral access and its efficacy is similar to that of a central venous line. Complications are rare. The most frequent is subcutaneous, and occasionally subperiosteal infiltration. Osteomyelitis appeared in 0.6% of the cases. The intraosseous infusion provides rapid, easy and safe vascular access in emergency situations. Therefore, we believe that this technique should be chosen in pediatric patients.
authors: Sección de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Hospital General, Gregorio Marañón, Madrid.
authors: J I
authors: JI
authors: Zabala Argüelles
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Marañón Pardillo
authors: P
authors: P
authors: González Serrano
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Seriña Ramírez
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017148:Infusions, Intraosseous; D008297:Male; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000628:therapy; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D012965:Sodium Chloride
vernacular_title: Acceso vascular prioritario en situaciones de extrema urgencia: la infusión intraósea.