title: HLö 7 dimethanesulfonate, a potent bispyridinium-dioxime against anticholinesterases.
abstract: HLö 7 dimethanesulfonate (1-[[[4-(aminocarbonyl)pyridinio]methoxy]methyl]-2,4-bis [(hydroxyimino)methyl]pyridinium dimethanesulfonate) is a broad-spectrum reactivator against highly toxic organophosphorus compounds. The compound was synthesized by a new route with the carcinogenic bis(chloromethyl)ether being substituted by the non-mutagenic bis(methylsulfonoxymethyl)ether. The very soluble dimethanesulfonate of obidoxime was also prepared by this way. HLö 7 dimethanesulfonate is the first water-soluble salt of HLö 7 that should be suitable for the wet/dry autoinjector technology, because aqueous solutions of HLö 7 are not very stable (calculated shelf-life 0.2 years when stored at 8 degrees C, 1 M solution, pH 2.5). The crystalline preparation contains 96% of the syn/syn-isomer, less than 2% of the syn/anti-isomer and some minor identified by-products. HLö 7 was very efficient in reactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) blocked by organophosphates as long as ageing did not prevent dephosphylation. HLö 7 was superior to HI 6 (1-[[[4-(aminocarbonyl)pyridinio]methoxy]methyl]-2- [(hydroxyimino)methyl]pyridinium dichloride) in reactivating soman and sarin-inhibited AChE from erythrocytes, and literature data indicate that HLö 7 exceeds HI 6 by far in reactivating tabun-inhibited AChE. In atropine-protected, soman-poisoned mice HLö 7 was three times more potent than HI 6 (protective ratio 5 versus 2.5), and in sarin-poisoned mice HLö 7 was 10 times more potent than HI 6 (protective ratio 8 for both oximes). In atropine-protected guinea-pigs HLö 7 was less effective than HI 6 (protective ratio: 2.3 versus 5.2 for soman; 5.2 versus 6.8 for sarin; 4.3 versus 3.8 for tabun). The mean survival time of anaesthetized guinea-pigs exposed to 5 LD50 soman (6.3 min) was increased by atropine (27 min) and atropine + HLö (57 min). HLö 7 alone did not prolong the survival. The most impressive effect of HLö 7 was on respiration: 3 min after i.v. injection of HLö 7 and atropine, the depressed respiration increased rapidly to 60% of control and remained at that level during the observation period (60 min). With atropine alone, respiration recovered only slowly. Behavioural and physiologic parameters were determined in atropine-protected mice exposed to a sublethal soman dose. The running performance was significantly improved by HLö 7. Even central symptoms, e.g. hypothermia and convulsions, were decreased markedly by HLö 7 (evaluation 60 min after poisoning). The pharmacokinetic data for HLö 7 in male beagle dogs are similar to those of HI 6.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors: Walther-Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Eyer
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Hagedorn
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Klimmek
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Lippstreu
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Löffler
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Oldiges
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Spöhrer
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Steidl
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Szinicz
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Worek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004285:Dogs; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D011725:Pyridines; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; C058577:HLo 7