title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha decreases neutrophil chemotaxis to N-formyl-1-methionyl-1-leucyl-1-phenylalanine: analysis of single cell movement.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a cytokine produced by mononuclear cells in response to endotoxin, inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis. We analyzed the effects of TNF-alpha on the orientation and movement of individual neutrophils in a chemoattractant gradient. Neutrophils, treated or untreated with TNF-alpha, were observed migrating in a gradient of the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-1-methionyl-1-leucyl-1-phenylalanine (fMLP) on a specially constructed chamber (Zigmond bridge). The movement of these cells was videotaped, digitized, and then tracked using a newly designed computer algorithm. The data obtained from this algorithm were then utilized to calculate distance traveled, speed and ability to polarize and migrate in a directed manner for each individual cell. TNF-alpha-treated cells behaved like cells not exposed to fMLP in that they failed to orient in a chemotactic gradient and moved in a manner similar to randomly migrating cells. This study provides unique observations of the effect of TNF-alpha on multiple parameters of PMN migration.
authors: Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville.
authors: K L
authors: KL
authors: Vollmer
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Alberts
authors: H T
authors: HT
authors: Carper
authors: G L
authors: GL
authors: Mandell
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014743:Videotape Recording / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine