title: [Valvular prolapse in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The involvement of the cardiovascular system in hereditary connective tissue disorders has been known for a long time and produces abnormalities that usually affect valves and arterial walls. Valvular diseases in typical autosomal dominant illnesses such as polycystic kidney (PK) have recently been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  To test the prevalence of valvular prolapses in this disease, we studied [with clinical, chest x-ray, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic (monobidimensional and Doppler) examination] 21 subjects with PK (Group A) and 34 unaffected relatives (Group B). 36 subjects comparable in sex, age, blood pressure, body build and renal function, with other kinds of kidney diseases, were the control group (Group C).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group A, 7 subjects (33.3%) were found affected by mitral valve prolapse (MVP), of whom 3 also had mitral incompetence, 4 tricuspid valve prolapse and 2 aortic cusp prolapse with mild valvular insufficiency. Another 2 patients had evidence of mitral and aortic incompetence, respectively, without valvular prolapse, annulus ectasia or morphological features of a rheumatic valvular disease. In Group B, 8 subjects (23.5%) had MVP; In Group C, MVP was seen in only 1 patient (2.7%) and aortic incompetence in one other. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of the greater prevalence of MVP in group A and B in comparison with group C (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of valvular abnormalities in autosomal dominant PK suggests a common genetic disorder producing a defect in the extracellular matrix. An alternative hypothesis is that of two discrete yet adjacent genes.
authors: Servizio di Cardiologia, Ospedale San Paolo, Savona.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Varnero
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Becchi
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Bormida
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Martinengo
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Carozzi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001023:Aortic Valve Prolapse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008945:Mitral Valve Prolapse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014263:Tricuspid Valve Prolapse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology
vernacular_title: Il prolasso valvolare nel rene policistico autosomico.