title: Fatty-acyl esters of retinol (vitamin A) in the liver of the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata), and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus).
abstract: The fatty-acid composition of retinyl esters in the livers of two species of phocid seal, the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica, n = 20) and the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata, n = 15), and one species of otariid seal, the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus, n = 6), was determined. Vitamin A ranged in concentration from 4 to 1024 nmol retinol/g liver for the phocids and from 381 to 979 nmol/g liver for the otariids. In most of the livers, retinyl palmitate was not the principal ester, and the palmitate + stearate + oleate trio of retinyl esters represented less than 50% of the total. In all samples, the retinyl esters contained 20:1, 20:4, 20:5, and 22:6 in unusually large amounts. Retinyl esters tended to be richer than whole-liver lipids in 20:5 + 22:6, whereas whole-liver lipids were richer in 18:0 and 18:2. Therefore, the pool of acyl donors used for the esterification of retinol may be distinct from that used for other lipids. Birth-to-weaning changes were seen only in the harp seals. In the pups, the hepatic vitamin-A concentration increased 454%, while the proportion of 18:0 and 20:1 in the retinyl esters rose and that of 14:0 + 16:1 and 20:4 fell. Concomitantly, in their mothers, the proportion of 20:4 increased but that of 16:0 and 18:0 decreased.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
authors: M D
authors: MD
authors: Ball
authors: C P
authors: CP
authors: Nizzi
authors: H C
authors: HC
authors: Furr
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Olson
authors: O T
authors: OT
authors: Oftedal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry*; D046070:Sea Lions / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014801:Vitamin A