title: Role of endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 in modulating coronary vascular tone, contractile function and severity of ischemia in rat hearts.
abstract: The effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and big ET-1 on coronary flow and contractile function was determined in isolated nonischemic and ischemic rat hearts. Both ET-1 (IC50 = 12 pMol) and big ET-1 (IC50 = 2 nMol) reduced coronary flow in a concentration-dependent manner, although ET-1 was > 100-fold more potent. Both compounds decreased contractility, an effect which was lost when coronary flow was held constant, indicating that ET-1 and big ET-1 decrease contractility secondary to reducing coronary flow. Mechanical reduction in coronary flow to levels equivalent to those seen for ET-1 or big ET-1 caused similar reductions in contractility. Both 30 pMol ET-1 and 10 nMol big ET-1 pretreatment significantly reduced the time to contracture in globally ischemic rat hearts, suggesting a proischemic effect. Phosphoramidon (100 microM, endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor) and BQ-123 (0.3 microM, ETA receptor antagonist) abolished the preischemic increase in coronary perfusion pressure induced by big ET-1 as well as its proischemic effect, whereas only BQ-123 abolished the cardiac effect of ET-1. Neither phosphoramidon nor BQ-123 had an effect on severity of ischemia when given alone. Phosphoramidon was also given i.v. to rats subjected to coronary occlusion and reperfusion and was found to significantly reduce infarct size 24 hr postischemia. Thus, in isolated rat hearts, big ET-1 appears to be converted to ET-1 and is a potent coronary constrictor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, New Jersey.
authors: G J
authors: GJ
authors: Grover
authors: P G
authors: PG
authors: Sleph
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Fox
authors: N C
authors: NC
authors: Trippodo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019332:Endothelin-1; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D016232:Endothelins; D006020:Glycopeptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D011498:Protein Precursors; C072247:cyclo(Trp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu); C008890:phosphoramidon