title: Investigation of a computer virus outbreak in the pharmacy of a tertiary care teaching hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A computer virus outbreak was recognized, verified, defined, investigated, and controlled using an infection control approach. The pathogenesis and epidemiology of computer virus infection are reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pharmacy of a tertiary care teaching institution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On October 28, 1991, 2 personal computers in the drug information center manifested symptoms consistent with the "Jerusalem" virus infection. The same day, a departmental personal computer began playing "Yankee Doodle," a sign of "Doodle" virus infection. An investigation of all departmental personal computers identified the "Stoned" virus in an additional personal computer. Controls were functioning virus-free personal computers within the department. Cases were associated with users who brought diskettes from outside the department (5/5 cases versus 5/13 controls, p = .04) and with College of Pharmacy student users (3/5 cases versus 0/13 controls, p = .012). The detection of a virus-infected diskette or personal computer was associated with the number of 5 1/4-inch diskettes in the files of personal computers, a surrogate for rate of media exchange (mean = 17.4 versus 152.5, p = .018, Wilcoxon rank sum test). After education of departmental personal computer users regarding appropriate computer hygiene and installation of virus protection software, no further spread of personal computer viruses occurred, although 2 additional Stoned-infected and 1 Jerusalem-infected diskettes were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend that virus detection software be installed on personal computers where the interchange of diskettes among computers is necessary, that write-protect tabs be placed on all program master diskettes and data diskettes where data are being read and not written, that in the event of a computer virus outbreak, all available diskettes be quarantined and scanned by virus detection software, and to facilitate quarantine and scanning in an outbreak, that diskettes be stored in organized files.
authors: Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
authors: T C
authors: TC
authors: Bailey
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Reichley
mesh_terms: D016303:Clinical Pharmacy Information Systems; D016494:Computer Security; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D008838:Microcomputers; D008923:Missouri; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000592:standards; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital