title: Patterns of electrical activity and neural responses in canine proximal duodenum.
abstract: The patterns of electrical activity and neural inputs to the proximal duodenum between the pyloric sphincter and the sphincter of Oddi were studied in muscles of the dog. Smooth muscle cells in the most proximal region were electrically quiescent, but slow waves were recorded in all regions distal to the first few millimeters. Electrical activity was recorded from circular muscle cells near the myenteric and submucosal surfaces of the circular layer, and slow wave activity was similar in both regions. The nature of neural inputs was also characterized. With electrical field stimulation, responses in cells near the submucosal surface were predominantly excitatory junction potentials (EJPs); near the myenteric border responses were either inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) or biphasic responses (i.e., small EJPs followed by IJPs). EJPs were blocked by atropine. IJPs were nonadrenergic and noncholinergic (NANC), and several experiments suggested that nitric oxide (NO), or a NO-releasing compound, serves as the inhibitory neurotransmitter in this region. Exogenous NO caused hyperpolarization of membrane potential. IJPs and the hyperpolarization response to NO were sensitive to apamin. These data describe the myogenic mechanisms and neurogenic apparatus that appear to regulate motility in the most proximal region of the duodenum.
authors: Department of Physiology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno 89511.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Bayguinov
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Vogalis
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Morris
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Sanders
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D009424:Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester