title: The parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) gene preferentially utilizes a GC-rich promoter and the PTHrP 1-139 coding pathway in normal human amnion.
abstract: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is an oncofetal protein that is widely expressed in mammalian tissues. The PTHrP gene is a complex with three transcriptional start-sites, two TATA boxes and a GC-rich region, and three predicted polypeptide products, PTHrP 1-141, PTHrP 1-139, and PTHrP 1-173. The originally discovered form of PTHrP, PTHrP 1-141, and the classical TATA box promoters are generally assumed to be the major pathways of PTHrP gene expression. We have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to study PTHrP gene expression in the human amnion. Our studies demonstrate that the GC-rich promoter is preferentially used and that PTHrP 1-139 is the major PTHrP mRNA expressed in human amnion. PTHrP 1-139 lacks the carboxy-terminal arginine and histidine residues of PTHrP 1-141; these two basic amino acids could have significant effects on the biological activity of PTHrP. These preferential pathways for PTHrP gene expression are shared by malignant and normal human tissues.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
authors: D W
authors: DW
authors: Brandt
authors: M E
authors: ME
authors: Bruns
authors: D E
authors: DE
authors: Bruns
authors: J E
authors: JE
authors: Ferguson
authors: D W
authors: DW
authors: Burton
authors: L J
authors: LJ
authors: Deftos
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000502:physiology*; D001482:Base Composition; D001483:Base Sequence; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D016259:Genes, myc; D006801:Humans; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012326:RNA Splicing; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D016385:TATA Box; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: C470121:PTHLH protein, human; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011506:Proteins