PKRD: a pharmacokinetic program for least-squares and bayesian analysis of repeated-dose pharmacokinetic curves.
A microcomputer program is presented which analyses multiple-dose pharmacokinetic curves using either a least-squares nonlinear analysis or a bayesian fit. The least-squares subroutine is designed to fit retrospective pharmacokinetic curves and can generate the so-called population pharmacokinetic parameters using the Standard Two-Stage method. The bayesian subroutine can instead be used prospectively to individualise the dosage regimen of a patient based on the concentrations measured in the initial phases of the drug treatment. All the pharmacokinetic subroutines of the program use the one-compartment model with either constant-rate intravenous infusion or oral route with zero-order absorption. The program was tested in a series of ten bone marrow transplantation patients treated with cyclosporine. The least-squares estimates of the one-compartment parameters, calculated by the program, were compared with those generated by the SIMKIN program.
Messori
A
A
Pharmaceutical Service, Borgo Roma University Hospital, Verona, Italy.
Bosi
A
A
Guidi
S
S
Longo
G
G
Pistolesi
C
C
Saccardi
R
R
Valenza
T
T
Vannucchi
A M
AM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008838:Microcomputers; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D012984:Software
D016572:Cyclosporine