title: Guanine nucleotide binding proteins in the dual regulation of lacrimal function.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize functional G proteins that couple regulatory peptides with lacrimal secretory functions. Membranes were prepared from isolated rat exorbital lacrimal gland acini, and guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-dependence of adenylyl cyclase activity, known to be coupled with regulation of secretion, was measured. The guanine nucleotide GTP produced a biphasic response in the activity of membrane-bound adenylyl cyclase during a 10 min incubation with a maximum stimulation at 10(-5) mol/l GTP. Significant inhibition occurred at a dose of 10(-3) mol/l GTP, with cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production reduced to less than basal levels. The effect of ADP-ribosylation of membrane proteins by the toxins produced by Vibrio cholera or Bordetella pertussis on lacrimal adenylyl cyclase was assessed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, autoradiography, and laser densitometry. Cholera toxin treatment of membranes resulted in dose-(0.5-100 micrograms/ml) and time-dependent (0-45 min) adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation of two membrane proteins with M(r) values of 42,000 and 45,000. Pertussis toxin treatment resulted in the specific ADP-ribosylation of a single protein that migrates with an M(r) value of 41,000. This also was dose (0.5-25 micrograms/ml) and time dependent (0-30 min). Incorporation of 32P into the 45,000 M(r) and 42,000 M(r) proteins in the presence of 50 micrograms/ml cholera toxin was guanine nucleotide dependent, with a two- to threefold increase in labeling when the membranes were incubated with 1 or 0.5 mmol/l GTP. This effect was enhanced in the presence of the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog GTP gamma S.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors: Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70119-2799.
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Cripps
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Bennett
mesh_terms: D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism; D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D005136:Eye Proteins; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D010758:Phosphorus; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases