title: Familial adrenal feminization probably due to increased steroid aromatization.
abstract: 5/10 members of a North African family (father, 2 male and 2 female siblings) had gynaecomastia, early growth and short final stature. The 8-year-old propositus had advanced bone age, facial acne, gynaecomastia, pubic hair and prepubertal testicular volume. Basal oestrone (E1) was elevated (670 pmol/l) and increased with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; 826 pmol/l). After human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation testosterone (T) responded normally whereas E1 and oestradiol (E2) remained unchanged. ACTH-dependent adrenal feminization was confirmed by a transient reduction of breast tissue following dexamethasone or cypropterone acetate treatment. Testolactone increased T/E2 (from 5.6 to 20.3) and A/E1 (from 3.4 to 31.4) ratios and temporarily reduced the breast tissue. In conclusion, this is a familial type of adrenal feminization with increased adrenal androgen aromatization. This is the first time that male-to-male and male-to-female transmission has been reported.
authors: Paediatric Endocrine Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Leiberman
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Zachmann
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005262:Feminization / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D013738:Testolactone / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate; D013738:Testolactone; D003907:Dexamethasone