title: Effects of bryostatin 1 and rGM-CSF on the metabolism of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in human leukaemic myeloblasts.
abstract: The effects of the protein kinase C activator bryostatin 1, either with or without recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) were examined with respect to the in vitro metabolism of ara-C in leukaemic myeloblasts obtained from 10 patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML). Coincubation of cells with 12.5 x 10(-9) M bryostatin 1 and 10(-5) M ara-C for 4 h resulted in a significant increase in ara-CTP formation (compared to controls) in 6/10 specimens (mean increase 106%; range 38-255%), and no change in the remainder. In contrast, coincubation of cells with 1.25 ng/ml rGM-CSF resulted in a significant increase in only one specimen, and decreases in two. Bryostatin 1 also significantly increased ara-C DNA incorporation in 6/9 evaluable samples, including two which did not display an increase in ara-CTP formation. Coincubation of cells with both bryostatin 1 and rGM-CSF did not lead to a further increase in ara-CTP formation or ara-C DNA incorporation compared to values obtained with either agent alone. Finally, exposure of blasts to bryostatin 1 for 24 h before ara-C led to an increase in ara-CTP formation in 3/8 additional specimens, and a decrease in one sample displaying evidence of bryostatin 1-induced macrophage differentiation. Incubation of cells with both rGM-CSF and bryostatin 1 for this period resulted in ara-CTP levels equivalent to those obtained with bryostatin 1 alone. These studies indicate that while bryostatin 1 exerts a heterogeneous effect on ara-C metabolism in leukaemic myeloblasts, it is capable of potentiating ara-C phosphorylation in a subset of patient samples, including some that do not exhibit an increase in response to rGM-CSF. They also raise the possibility that bryostatin 1-induced potentiation of ara-C metabolism in some leukaemic cells may contribute, at least in part, to the antileukaemic efficacy of this drug combination.
authors: Department of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298-0230.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Grant
authors: W D
authors: WD
authors: Jarvis
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Turner
authors: H J
authors: HJ
authors: Wallace
authors: G R
authors: GR
authors: Pettit
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001085:Arabinofuranosylcytosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D054713:Bryostatins; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000378:metabolism*; D018942:Macrolides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D054713:Bryostatins; D007783:Lactones; D018942:Macrolides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D003561:Cytarabine; D001085:Arabinofuranosylcytosine Triphosphate; C046785:bryostatin 1; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor