title: Formation of novel non-cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids (F2-isoprostanes) in carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. An animal model of lipid peroxidation.
abstract: These studies examine the in vivo formation of a unique series of PGF2-like compounds (F2-isoprostanes) derived from free radical-catalyzed nonenzymatic peroxidation of arachidonic acid. We have previously shown that levels of these compounds increase up to 50-fold in rats administered CCl4. To understand further the formation of these compounds in vivo, we carried out a series of experiments assessing factors influencing their generation. After CCl4 (2 ml/kg) was administered to rats, plasma F2-isoprostanes increased 55-fold by 4 h. Levels declined thereafter, but at 24 h, they were still elevated 21-fold, indicating continued lipid peroxidation. Pretreatment of rats with isonicotinic acid hydrazide and phenobarbital to induce cytochrome P-450 enhanced the production of F2-isoprostanes after CCl4 administration eightfold and fivefold, respectively, whereas inhibition of the cytochrome P-450 system with SKF-525A and 4-methylpyrazole decreased formation of F2-isoprostanes after CCl4 by 55 and 82%, respectively. Further, the glutathione-depleting agents buthionine sulfoximine and phorone augmented the F2-isoprostane response to CCl4 by 22- and 11-fold, respectively. F2-isoprostanes are formed in situ esterified to lipids and, in addition to increases in levels of free F2-isoprostanes in the circulation, levels of F2-isoprostanes esterified to lipids in various organs and plasma also increase sharply during CCl4 poisoning. The measurement of F2-isoprostanes may facilitate investigation of the role of lipid peroxidation in human diseases.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
authors: J D
authors: JD
authors: Morrow
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Awad
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kato
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Takahashi
authors: K F
authors: KF
authors: Badr
authors: L J
authors: LJ
authors: Roberts
authors: R F
authors: RF
authors: Burk
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000494:pharmacology; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000494:pharmacology; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013853:Thioacetamide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D011453:Prostaglandins; D013853:Thioacetamide; D000082:Acetaminophen; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D007538:Isoniazid; D007213:Indomethacin; D010634:Phenobarbital