Glial localization of interleukin-1 alpha in invertebrate ganglia.
1. Mytilus pedal ganglion contains a small population of glial cells that are immunopositive for interleukin-1 alpha. Positively stained fibers can also be seen in the neuropil of these sections. 2. The marine worm Nereis diversicolor also exhibits positive neural immunostaining for interleukin-1 alpha. 3. Both organisms contain hemocytes that contain immunoactivity for interleukin-1 alpha. The study suggests interleukin-1 alpha to be an ancient cytokine given its presence in organisms that evolved significantly earlier than mammals.
Paemen
L R
LR
Multidisciplinary Center for the Study of Aging, State University of New York, Old Westbury 11568.
Porchet-Hennere
E
E
Masson
M
M
Leung
M K
MK
Hughes
T K
TK
Stefano
G B
GB
D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry; D004744:Enkephalin, Methionine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005724:Ganglia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry
D007375:Interleukin-1; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C078711:enkephalin, delta-Ala(2)-Met(5)-; D004744:Enkephalin, Methionine