title: Transforming growth factor beta and basic fibroblast growth factor synergistically promote early bovine embryo development during the fourth cell cycle.
abstract: Developmentally competent bovine blastocysts were produced by adding transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to serum-free cultures of in vitro produced, 2-cell bovine embryos. The effects of TGF beta were evaluated because this growth factor signals synthesis and secretion of the extracellular matrix component fibronectin and its receptor. Previous investigations have demonstrated that fibronectin promotes early bovine embryo development in vitro. The effects of TGF beta can be potentiated by bFGF; bFGF itself is an effector of protein synthesis and a potent mitogen. A positive interaction between the 2 growth factors resulted in 38.8% of fertilized oocytes maturing beyond the 16-cell stage; of these, 24.6% formed blastocysts. Transfer of early blastocysts produced using serum-free medium supplemented with growth factors resulted in pregnancy in 3 of 9 recipients. These results support the hypothesis that TGF beta and bFGF act synergistically to promote development of bovine embryos beyond the "8-cell block" observed in vitro.
authors: Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
authors: R C
authors: RC
authors: Larson
authors: G G
authors: GG
authors: Ignotz
authors: W B
authors: WB
authors: Currie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D002417:Cattle; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D011247:Pregnancy; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2