title: Expression and regulation of cytochrome P-450I genes (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2) in the rat alimentary tract.
abstract: Cytochrome P-450 (P450) enzymes in the mucosa of the alimentary tract may be involved in the activation and/or inactivation of ingested xenobiotics and procarcinogens. Since the multiple P450 enzymes have overlapping substrate specificities and, in some cases, similar antigenic determinants, definitive identification of P450 genes that are expressed in various tissues requires molecular analysis. In this study, a sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction assay along with hybridization analysis was used to examine the expression of the CYP1A gene family in the rat alimentary tract. CYP1A1 mRNA was expressed throughout the alimentary tract in untreated rats, as determined by the polymerase chain reaction. However, Northern blot analysis detected CYP1A1 mRNA and enzymatic activity only in small intestine and liver, with greater amounts in intestine. After treatment with beta-naphthoflavone, CYP1A1 mRNA and enzymatic activity was markedly induced in each alimentary tissue including esophagus, fore-stomach, glandular stomach, small intestine and colon. A single dose of inducer resulted in a rapid rise in CYP1A1 mRNA which was shown by nuclear run-on assays to be primarily due to an increase in transcription of the CYP1A1 gene. CYP1A2 mRNA was detected in significant amounts only in glandular stomach following induction although the polymerase chain reaction assay identified low levels of CYP1A2 mRNA in several other tissues. The definitive identification of the CYP1A genes that are expressed in alimentary tissue will allow the design of experiments to investigate the importance of these enzymes in the metabolism of carcinogens, and ultimately carcinogenesis, in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, these data suggest that the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor, which mediates transcriptional induction of multiple genes by xenobiotics, is expressed through the alimentary tract.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor.
authors: P G
authors: PG
authors: Traber
authors: W M
authors: WM
authors: McDonnell
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Florence
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001571:Benzoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D015342:DNA Probes; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D004947:Esophagus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008748:Methylcholanthrene / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012016:Reference Values; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D019324:beta-Naphthoflavone
chemical_list: D001571:Benzoflavones; D015342:DNA Probes; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008748:Methylcholanthrene; D019324:beta-Naphthoflavone; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D010634:Phenobarbital