title: Quisqualic acid analogues: synthesis of beta-heterocyclic 2-aminopropanoic acid derivatives and their activity at a novel quisqualate-sensitized site.
abstract: Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell neurons are sensitized over 30-fold to depolarization by L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutanoic acid (L-AP4) following exposure to L-quisqualic acid. This phenomenon has been termed the QUIS effect. In the present study several novel L-quisqualic acid analogues have been synthesized and tested for their interaction with the different components of the QUIS-effect system. Replacement of the oxadiazolidinedione ring of L-quisqualic acid with several other types of heterocyclic rings yielded the following quisqualic acid analogues: maleimide 2, N-methylmaleimide 3, N-(carboxymethyl)maleimide 4, succinimides 5A and 5B, and imidazolidinedione 6. None of these analogues were able to mimic the effects of L-quisqualic acid and sensitize hippocampal CA1 neurons to depolarization by L-AP4. Also, unlike L-serine O-sulfate, L-homocysteinesulfinic acid, or L-alpha-aminoadipic acid, none of the analogues were able to preblock or reverse the QUIS effect. However, when the IC50 values for inhibition of the CA1 synaptic field potential of analogues 2-6 were determined both before and after hippocampal slices were exposed to L-quisqualic acid, the IC50 values of analogues 3 and 4 were found to decrease more than 7-fold. Thus, these two compounds behave like L-AP4 rather than L-quisqualic acid in this system in that they exhibit increased potencies in slices that have been pretreated with L-quisqualic acid even though they cannot themselves induce this sensitization. Compounds 3 and 4, therefore, represent the first non-phosphorus-containing compounds to which hippocampal neurons become sensitized following exposure to L-quisqualic acid. No change in the IC50 values was observed for 5A or 5B. Analogues 2 and 6, on the other hand, displayed a high potency for inhibition of the evoked field potential even prior to treatment of the slices with L-quisqualic acid.
authors: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Subasinghe
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Schulte
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Roon
authors: J F
authors: JF
authors: Koerner
authors: R L
authors: RL
authors: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000613:Aminobutyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003500:Cyclization; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008301:Maleimides / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016318:Quisqualic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013388:Succinimides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000613:Aminobutyrates; D007093:Imidazoles; D008301:Maleimides; D013388:Succinimides; C043592:maleimide; D016318:Quisqualic Acid; C012729:2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid