title: Effect of CDP-choline on learning and memory processes in rodents.
abstract: The effects of cytidine (5') diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) on learning and memory were studied using conditioned reflex methods for passive avoidance and active avoidance with punishment reinforcement (step-through, step-down, shuttle box and maze), for active avoidance with alimentary reinforcement (staircase maze), and the Morris water maze. The majority of experiments involved comparative studies of the nootropic drugs meclofenoxate and/or piracetam. CDP-choline was administered orally, in some of the experiments also intraperitoneally, at doses of 10-500 mg/kg body weight once or twice daily for 5 or 7 days. In separate cases only single doses were administered. Trainings started one hour after the last dose of the drugs. Retention tests were given 3 h, 24 h, 7 days or 10 days after training. The results obtained with the different methods document CDP-choline's ability to improve learning and memory in rats and mice. No essential differences in the effects of CDP-choline were established upon oral and intraperitoneal administration of the drug. The learning- and memory-facilitating effects of CDP-choline were similar to those of meclofenoxate and piracetam. The results of the present study permit us to define CDP-choline as a substance capable of improving cognitive levels.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia.
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Petkov
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mosharrof
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kehayov
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Petkov
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Konstantinova
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Getova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D002504:Meclofenoxate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D010889:Piracetam / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology
chemical_list: D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; D002504:Meclofenoxate; D010889:Piracetam