title: [EMLA analgesic cream for venopuncture during anesthetic induction in children].
abstract: A prospective study was designed to assess the quality of skin analgesia provided by the EMLA anaesthetic cream, an eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics (prilocaine and lidocaine). The children, aged 3 months to 15 years, and scheduled for genital and urinary surgery, were allocated to two groups, those aged less than or equal to 5 years (35 +/- 14 months, n = 17), and those aged greater than 5 years (97 +/- 26 months, n = 22). The cream (1.6 +/- 0.6 g) was applied by a nurse in the ward as a thick layer on the area of skin to be anaesthetised (on the dorsum of the hand and at the elbow), and covered by a closed adhesive dressing. This required 2.6 +/- 1.7 min, and was considered to be very easy (72%) or easy (28%). The venepuncture (22 or 20 gauge catheter) was carried out by one of the seven anaesthetists of the paediatric surgical units, 92 +/- 51 min after the cream had been applied. The children aged less than or equal to 5 years complained of pain of intensity 7.5 +/- 2.2 (CHEOPS scale, range 4 to 13) and, for those aged greater than 5 years, 24 +/- 21 on a visual analogic scale (range 0 to 100). Local adverse effects occurred in ten patients (skin paleness, erythema, or both). It was concluded that EMLA cream provides convenient analgesia for venepuncture in toddlers and children.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Anesthésiologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ecoffey
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dubousset
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trinquet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Gal
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D008297:Male; D009824:Ointments; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D016748:Venous Cutdown
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000077442:Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination; D009824:Ointments; D011318:Prilocaine; D008012:Lidocaine
vernacular_title: Crème analgésique EMLA pour la ponction veineuse lors de l'induction anesthésique chez l'enfant.