title: At least three promoters direct expression of the mouse glucocorticoid receptor gene.
abstract: We have characterized the gene for the mouse glucocorticoid receptor. The gene spans approximately 110 kilobases, and glucocorticoid receptor transcripts are assembled from nine exons. Expression of the gene is controlled by at least three promoters, resulting in glucocorticoid receptor transcripts with different 5' nontranslated exons. One promoter is cell-specific, found to be active only in T lymphocytes. The other two promoters are active to various degrees in all cell lines and tissues so far analyzed and are located in a CpG island. The promoter activities are accompanied by DNase I hypersensitivity sites in chromatin. In contrast to a conservation of exon-intron structure, differences in promoter organization suggest a divergence between the evolution of regulatory and coding regions among members of the steroid receptor super-family.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell and Tumor Biology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Strähle
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kelsey
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schütz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D002843:Chromatin / Q000502:physiology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005091:Exons; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015698:Genomic Library; D007438:Introns; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D009928:Organ Specificity; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D004247:DNA