title: Possible mechanisms of gastroduodenal mucosal damage in volunteers treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs--the usefulness of prodrugs.
abstract: A controlled double blind study on the incidence of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) gastropathy was performed in 29 healthy volunteers administered diclofenac Na (10 subjects) or a prodrug (loxoprofen Na in 10 subjects and proglumetacin maleate in 9 subjects). The incidence of NSAID gastropathy was significantly lower in the subjects administered the prodrugs than in those administered diclofenac Na (p less than 0.05), which suggested the clinical usefulness of the prodrugs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukumura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizushima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004064:Digestive System / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000032:analysis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015994:Incidence; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000592:standards; D012039:Regional Blood Flow
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D006595:Hexosamines; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D011355:Prodrugs; D004008:Diclofenac; C040656:loxoprofen; C019541:proglumetacin; D015232:Dinoprostone