title: Non-invasive determination of heart rate in newly hatched chicks.
abstract: 1. Using a flexible piezoelectric probe, we detected non-invasively the cardiogenic precordial movements of domestic fowl chicks and measured heart rate (HR) daily over the first week after hatching (day 0) for comparison with previously measured embryonic HR. 2. HR of the hatchlings was much more variable than embryonic HR. The mean HR at a given age also varied among the 5 chicks measured. 3. The overall mean HR was 280 +/- 20 (SD, n = 5) bpm on day 0. This value was similar to the prepipping HR and lower than that of externally pipped embryos. It increased to 342 +/- 39 bpm 3 days later.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tazawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D007702:Kinetocardiography / Q000662:veterinary*