title: Development and clinical evaluation of a polymerase chain reaction test for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis.
abstract: A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis was developed and evaluated. Two primer-probe sets were designed; one detected a specific sequence of the plasmid, and the other detected the gene encoding the major outer membrane protein. Both sets reacted species specifically and amplified sequences from all human serovars. A simple protocol was used for sample pretreatment. The PCR was optimized by addition of tetramethylammonium chloride and bovine serum albumin. The results of the PCR with the plasmid primer-probe set were compared with those of culture and the Chlamydiazyme and Gen-Probe PACE 2 tests for urogenital specimens from 220 patients. The rates of prevalence of infection with C. trachomatis were 22.7, 16.4, 15.0, and 14.5%, respectively. The sensitivities of the Chlamydiazyme and Gen-Probe PACE 2 assays compared with culture were 66.7 and 61.1%, respectively, and their sensitivities compared with PCR were 60.0 and 60.0%, respectively. The sensitivity of culture compared with PCR was 70.0%. Forty-eight of the 50 specimens positive by PCR with the plasmid primer-probe set could be confirmed by PCR with the major outer membrane protein primer-probe set or culture. It is concluded that the PCR is the most sensitive technique for laboratory detection of C. trachomatis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ossewaarde
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rieffe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rozenberg-Arska
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ossenkoppele
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Nawrocki
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: van Loon
mesh_terms: D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001483:Base Sequence; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015342:DNA Probes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D004269:DNA, Bacterial