title: Erythropoietin in pregnancies complicated by severe anemia of renal failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recombinant human erythropoietin has been approved for treatment of the anemia of renal failure since 1989, yet data regarding the safety and efficacy of this drug in pregnancy are limited. We used recombinant human erythropoietin to treat the anemia of renal disease in three pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nadir hematocrit values before initiation of erythropoietin were 19-23%. Erythropoietin, 50-160 U/kg/week subcutaneously, was begun at 14-26 weeks' gestation. Initially, the rise in hematocrit averaged 0.6-2% each week, with peak values of 26.7-32%. Iron supplementation was given simultaneously. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were favorable despite the development of preeclampsia or worsening renal function requiring early delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this small series, erythropoietin begun during the second trimester in a dose of about 100 U/kg/week, in conjunction with orally administered iron, appeared to be effective in treating the anemia of renal failure during pregnancy. Additional experience is needed to evaluate the safety of this medication during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yankowitz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Piraino
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Laifer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frassetto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gavin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kitzmiller
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Crombleholme
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin