title: Kappa B site-dependent activation of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain gene promoter by human c-Rel.
abstract: The cis-acting control elements of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain (IL-2R alpha) gene contain a potent kappa B-like enhancer whose activity can be induced by various mitogenic stimuli. Recent cloning of the p50 and p65 subunits of the kappa B-binding protein NF-kappa B complex revealed a striking sequence homology of these proteins with the c-rel proto-oncogene product (c-Rel). On the basis of this homology, we examined the potential role of c-Rel in controlling IL-2R alpha transcription. We now demonstrate that the recombinant human c-Rel protein binds to the kappa B element in the IL-2R alpha promoter and results in alteration of the DNA structure in the adjacent downstream regulatory elements containing the CArG box and the GC box. We found that human c-Rel can activate transcription from the IL-2R alpha promoter, but not the kappa B-containing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter, upon cotransfection into Jurkat T cells. Furthermore, truncation of the carboxyl terminus of c-Rel results in a c-Rel mutant (RelNA) that (i) localizes exclusively in the nucleus and (ii) acts in synergy with wild-type c-Rel in activating transcription from the kappa B site of the IL-2R alpha promoter. Finally, induction of surface IL-2R alpha expression coincides with the induced levels of endogenous c-Rel and induced c-Rel binding to the IL-2R alpha kappa B site. Our study identified c-Rel as one component of the Rel/NF-kappa B-family proteins involved in the kappa B-dependent activation of IL-2R alpha gene expression. Furthermore, our results suggest that a Re1NA-like cellular factor (e.g., NF-kappa B p50 or p49 subunit) acts in synergy with c-Re1 during T-cell activation.
authors.affiliation: Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, PRI/DynCorp, Frederick, Maryland.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sica
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Rice
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004247:DNA; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I