title: Correlation of in vitro release rate and in vivo absorption characteristics of four chlorpheniramine maleate extended-release formulations.
abstract: An in vitro/in vivo correlation was established for four formulations of chlorpheniramine maleate (histamine, H1-blocker) extended-release tablets exhibiting different in vitro release rate characteristics. In vitro release rate data were obtained for 12 individual tablets of each formulation using the USP Apparatus 2, paddle stirrer at 50 rpm in 1000 ml of distilled water at 37.0 +/- 0.5 degrees C. Inspection of the individual and mean release rate data indicated that the in vitro release rate of chlorpheniramine maleate was consistent with the intended design of the four extended-release formulations. The in vivo bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of these formulations were evaluated in 24 healthy subjects under fasting conditions. Wagner Nelson analyses of the in vivo data revealed extended release absorption profiles for all four formulations. Linear regression analyses of the mean percentage of dose absorbed versus the mean in vitro release resulted in a statistically significant correlation (r2 greater than 0.98, P less than 0.001) for each formulation. Qualitative rank-order correlations were observed among all combinations of in vitro and in vivo parameters. These data support a Level A correlation between the in vitro release rate profiles and the in vivo absorption for chlorpheniramine maleate determined under fasting conditions.
authors.affiliation: Drug Metabolism/Pharmacokinetics Department, Schering-Plough Research, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mojaverian
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Radwanski
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Vadino
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rosen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002744:Chlorpheniramine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D013607:Tablets; D002744:Chlorpheniramine