Effects of psychoactive drugs on short-term memory in rats and rhesus monkeys.
To examine the effects of drugs on short-term memory in animals, the delayed discrimination experiment in rats and the delayed matching to sample experiment in rhesus monkeys were conducted. Nicotine at 0.125 mg/kg, s.c. in rats and at 0.5 mg/kg, s.c. in monkeys increased the percentages of correct choices. Scopolamine at 0.06-0.12 mg/kg, s.c. in rats and at 0.015 mg/kg, s.c. in monkeys decreased the percentages of correct choices. However, supposedly memory-specific, delay-time-dependent disruptive effects by scopolamine were found only in monkeys. Diazepam at 0.5-2 mg/kg, s.c. did not change the correct choices in rats. However, diazepam at 1-4 mg/kg, i.g. decreased the correct choices in monkeys regardless of the delay time. Chlorpromazine at 0.25-1.5 mg/kg, s.c. showed inconsistent effects in rats. In monkeys, chlorpromazine at 0.25-0.5 mg/kg, s.c. had no effect. These results suggested that using both rats and monkeys would be useful for evaluating the effects of drugs on memory.
Hironaka
N
N
Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan.
Miyata
H
H
Ando
K
K
D000818:Animals; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003975:Diazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
D009538:Nicotine; D012601:Scopolamine; D003975:Diazepam; D002746:Chlorpromazine