title: Increased exposure to dietary amines and nitrate in a population at high risk of oesophageal and gastric cancer in Kashmir (India).
abstract: Analytical data on aliphatic amines and nitrate from the most commonly used fresh and sun-dried vegetables, red chillies and a widely consumed beverage, salted tea, are presented from a high risk area for oesophageal and gastric cancer in Kashmir. Exposure estimates for the adult population show that high consumption of boiled Brassica vegetables leads to a high nitrate intake of 237 mg/day. The frequent consumption of hot salted tea is shown to result in exceptionally high exposure to methylamine (1200 micrograms/day), ethylamine (14,320 micrograms/day), dimethylamine (150 micrograms/day) and diethylamine (400 micrograms/day). The indiscriminate use of red chillies in the area leads to exposure to dimethylamine (280 micrograms/day), pyrrolidine (517 micrograms/day) and methylbenzylamine (40 micrograms/day). This is to our knowledge the first report where a chronic exposure to methylbenzylamine has been shown in a population at high risk of oesophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siddiqi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fazili
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spiegelhalder
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Preussmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000588:Amines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D003212:Condiments / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D009566:Nitrates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D009566:Nitrates; D013662:Tea