title: Bile duct hemorrhage: a biopsy finding after cholangiography or biliary tree manipulation.
abstract: We report on 13 patients with a distinctive bile duct lesion that presented histologically as erythrocyte engorgement of the epithelium of the small bile ducts, resulting in a red-beaded appearance. In ten of our cases, the lesion was associated with a recent history of cholangiography, and in two of our cases with vigorous manipulation of the distal biliary tree, raising the possibility that the hemorrhage might have been caused by increased pressure within the ducts during cholangiography or as a result of mechanical trauma to the biliary system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0506.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hartshorne
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hartman
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Markin
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Demetris
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrell
mesh_terms: D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D002758:Cholangiography / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies