title: Botulinum alignment for congenital esotropia.
abstract: This is the first report of a group of patients with congenital esotropia examined for motor and sensory evidence of binocularity a minimum of 3 years after alignment by botulinum. Evidence for binocularity was clearly present in approximately one half of the patients. Lag time to satisfactory alignment was at least 1 month (average, 5 months) following the initial botulinum injection. The results must be considered preliminary. However, when these results are compared with those of patients with congenital esotropia aligned by incisional surgery by age 2 years and examined with the same testing devices by this same investigator, botulinum alignment appears to be less effective than surgical alignment in establishing evidence for binocularity (P < 0.005).
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ing
mesh_terms: D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003867:Depth Perception; D004948:Esotropia / Q000151:congenital* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D013563:Sympathectomy, Chemical; D015357:Vision Disparity; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins