title: Failure of phenylephrine to prolong isobaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia in elderly patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of phenylephrine on the duration of spinal anesthesia produced by plain bupivacaine were investigated in a double-blind study of 100 elderly patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each patient received a basic solution of 3 ml 0.5% plain bupivacaine to which was added either 1 ml physiologic saline, 0.2 ml (1 mg) 0.5% phenylephrine plus 0.8 ml normal saline, 0.4 ml phenylephrine plus 0.6 ml normal saline, 0.6 ml phenylephrine plus 0.4 ml normal saline, or 0.8 ml phenylephrine plus 0.2 ml normal saline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The duration of sensory block (measured by two- and four-segment regression times and times to regression to T12 and L2 dermatomes) was not statistically prolonged by addition of phenylephrine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that, in an attempt to prolong plain bupivacaine spinal anesthesia, the addition of phenylephrine does not appear to be advantageous for routine clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Chalon sur Saône, France.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Racle
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kusiewicz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaudray
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gantheret
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benkhadra
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D002045:Bupivacaine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009985:Orthopedics; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010656:Phenylephrine; D002045:Bupivacaine