title: Randomized prospective study comparing two dosage regimens of ciprofloxacin for the treatment of typhoid fever.
abstract: Sixty-two patients with blood culture-proven typhoid fever were randomly assigned to receive either 500 or 750 mg of ciprofloxacin orally, twice daily for 7 days or for two days following defervescence, whichever was greater. Thirty-four and 28 patients received 500 mg and 750 mg respectively. Strains of Salmonella typhi resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole were isolated from the blood of 27 patients (43.5%). No resistance to ciprofloxacin was encountered. Both regimens were equally effective; fever subsided in mean times of 4.9 +/- 1.7 days in the 500 mg group and 5.2 +/- 2.2 days in the 750 mg group (P = 0.54). All patients were cured, although one patient in the 750 mg group experienced a presumed relapse two months following completion of therapy. Ciprofloxacin administered for 7-10 days was adequate treatment for 57 of the 62 patients (92%); only five patients required therapy for more than 10 days. Patients with pretreatment symptoms of > or = 10 days duration defervesced in a mean of 5.7 +/- 2.3 days compared with 4.5 +/- 1.3 days (P = 0.01) for those with symptoms of shorter duration. We conclude that 500 mg of ciprofloxacin taken orally twice daily is adequate treatment for typhoid fever.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha-Qatar, Arabian Gulf.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Uwaydah
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: al Soub
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matar
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects*; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D002939:Ciprofloxacin