title: Effects of epinephrine on insulin-mediated glucose uptake in whole body and leg muscle in humans: role of blood flow.
abstract: In vivo insulin-mediated glucose uptake (IMGU) occurs chiefly in skeletal muscle, where it is determined by the product of arteriovenous glucose difference (delta AVG) and blood flow (BF) rate into muscle. Epinephrine (Epi) reduces the rate of IMGU in whole body. To examine whether this is due to a reduction in delta AVG across or BF into skeletal muscle we constructed insulin dose-response curves for whole body IMGU and leg muscle IMGU- using euglycemic clamp ((+)[3-3H]glucose infusion) and leg balance techniques during insulin infusions ranging from 10 to 1,200 mU.m-2.min-1. We studied six subjects [wt 70 +/- 2 (SE) kg] during an Epi infusion at a single rate of 0.002 mg.kg-1.min-1 and six subjects (70 +/- 3 kg) during a saline infusion alone. Maximum whole body glucose uptake (WBGU) was similar during Epi and saline infusions [71.4 vs. 73.6 mmol.kg-1.min-1, P = not significant (NS)]. Compared with saline, maximum delta AVG was decreased during Epi infusion (1.04 vs. 1.31 mM, P less than 0.01). Compared with saline alone maximum leg BF was increased (5.3 vs. 4.3 dl/min, P less than 0.01) during Epi infusion. Thus maximum leg glucose uptake (LGU) was similar (696 vs. 821 pmol.leg-1.min-1, P = NS) during infusion of Epi and saline, respectively. Half-maximal effective dose for insulin's effect to stimulate WBGU, delta AVG, BF, and LGU was increased two- to threefold during Epi vs. saline infusions (P less than 0.01 for all values).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego 92161.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Edelman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brechtel
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Baron
mesh_terms: D001775:Blood Circulation; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D007866:Leg; D009132:Muscles / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D005947:Glucose; D004837:Epinephrine