title: Interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulate the production of colony-stimulating factor 1 by murine astrocytes.
abstract: Astrocytes have the ability to secrete colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), a growth factor known to stimulate the proliferation of brain macrophages. We have studied the effect of cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) on the production of CSF-1 by cultured primary astrocytes and an astrocytic cell line derived from embryonic mouse brain. We observed that both TNF alpha and IL-1 increased CSF-1 mRNA and protein levels in the astrocytic cultures. In contrast, IL-6 was ineffective. The CSF-1 mRNA levels were strongly reduced by incubating immortalized astrocytic cells with staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, both in the absence and in the presence of cytokines. Conversely, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, a protein kinase C activator, increased CSF-1 mRNA levels. These results suggest a mechanism whereby mononuclear phagocytes could favor their own recruitment in the CNS by producing cytokines.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U. 114, Chaire de Neuropharmacologie, Collège de France, Paris.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Théry
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mallat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011494:Protein Kinases