title: Placental cadmium and birthweight in women living near a lead smelter.
abstract: It has been suggested that the accumulation of tobacco-derived cadmium (Cd) in the placenta is responsible for the adverse effect of cigarette smoking on infant birthweight. We chose to test this hypothesis; therefore, we studied a population of nonsmoking pregnant women who were exposed to low levels of smelter-derived Cd and a group of nonexposed women. A higher mean placental Cd concentration (p less than .0007) was found in the exposed women (n = 106), compared with those who were not exposed (n = 55); the observed Cd concentrations were comparable to concentrations reported previously for smoking and nonsmoking women, respectively. Least squares multiple regression (controlling for potentially confounding variables) revealed no association between placental Cd and birthweight. It was, therefore, concluded that the effect of smoking on birthweight was not mediated through Cd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Loiacono
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Graziano
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kline
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Popovac
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ahmedi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gashi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehmeti
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rajovic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008423:Maternal Age; D008669:Metallurgy; D010298:Parity; D010920:Placenta / Q000737:chemistry*; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000097:blood; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D015022:Yugoslavia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium