title: Further studies of salivary inhibition of HIV-1 infectivity.
abstract: An HIV-1/ATH8-cell cytopathic system was used to characterize the previously reported anti-HIV-1 activity of human saliva. Inhibitory activity was demonstrated by monitoring viable cell counts, HIV-1 p24 core antigen, and reverse transcriptase levels. Nonfiltered whole saliva, sterilized by irradiation, protected the ATH8 cells from HIV-1 infection. When HIV-1/saliva mixtures were filtered following incubation, the quantity of virus was significantly less (approximately 50%) than in HIV-1/media-filtered controls, suggesting that salivary aggregation and/or agglutination may be involved in the inhibitory activity. However, a sufficient number of apparently morphologically intact viral particles were still present in the HIV-1/saliva filtrates to lead to infection. When saliva was filtered prior to incubation with HIV-1, these filtrates showed substantial inhibitory activity, although reduced compared with that of non-prefiltered saliva. We conclude that saliva likely has several means by which to inhibit HIV-1 infectivity.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Investigations and Patient Care Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Handelman
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Baum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D002460:Cell Line; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents