title: Inhibitors of stone formation in hypercalciuric children with and without stone disease.
abstract: The extretion of two inhibitors of urinary stone formation (citrate, magnesium) was evaluated in 71 hypercalciuric children and 50 controls. Patients were classified into two groups: 42 nonstone former (NSF), 22 boys and 20 girls, 3-14 years old, and 29 stone formers (SF), 18 boys and 11 girls, 2.5-18 years old. Our study was unable to show significant differences in magnesium and citrate urinary outputs between controls and patient groups. The Mg/Ca ratio was found significantly lower in hypercalcuric children than in controls (p less than 0.001), but not between NSF and SF patients. Our data demonstrated that both NSF and SF groups had a significantly lower citrate/Ca ratio than controls (p less than 0.001), also it was lower in SF than in NSF (p less than 0.05). We found no significant difference in citrate excretion between boys and girls neither in patients nor in controls.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health, Ag. Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: al-Qadreh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Athanasopoulou
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Voskaki
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000652:urine*; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D002951:Citrates / Q000652:urine*; D019343:Citric Acid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000652:urine*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D019343:Citric Acid; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium