title: Thyroid autoimmunity and neuropsychological development.
abstract: Thyroid autoimmunity may affect neuropsychological development by interfering with the fetal and/or neonatal thyroid status; indeed, both hypo- and hyperthyroidism during the fetal-neonatal life may be associated with a subsequent impairment of intellectual and psychomotor performances. Maternal thyroid status during early pregnancy, and in particular hypothyroidism due to autoimmune thyroiditis, can also affect the fetal neurological development. Finally, anti-thyroid drugs used to control hyperthyroidism in pregnant women with Graves' disease have been widely investigated for their possible effect on the intellectual development of the offspring.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Endocrinologia, Universita di Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chiovato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonacchera
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lapi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fiore
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vitti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinchera
mesh_terms: D003409:Congenital Hypothyroidism / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007360:Intelligence / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000276:immunology; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology*