title: Myoclonus in the decerebrate cat produced by gallamine.
abstract: After intravenous infusion maintaining a neuromuscular blocking concentration very little gallamine enters the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the intact anesthetized cat even after several days. After a similar intravenous infusion in the decerebrate cat gallamine enters the CSF slowly over 4 days eventually reaching a concentration similar to that in the plasma. This procedure is accompanied by very strong twitching in many muscles and the occurrence of slow waves in the inferior olive in synchrony with the twitches. A large dose (4 mg) of gallamine triethiodide injected directly into the cisterna magna of an intact anesthetized cat produced twitching within 1 min and slow waves in the inferior olive in good synchrony with the twitches; the effects lasted at least 43 h. Injection of a quantity of gallamine triethiodide (about 130 micrograms) sufficient to mimic the concentration in the CSF obtained after 3-4 days of neuromuscular block in the decerebrate cat (50-120 micrograms/ml gallamine) had extremely weak effects lasting for at most 1 h. However, this weak effect is probably due to the anesthetic because injection of a similar quantity into an (unanesthetized) decerebrate cat at any time after decerebration had strong effects. After intracisternal injection of gallamine the concentration in the CSF reaches very low levels within 12 h but twitching and activity in the inferior olive persists for 1-2 days. The reasons for this prolonged action are now being investigated. The effects of gallamine are compared with the condition of reticular reflex myoclonus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Sydney, NSW, Austrialia.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ramzan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology*; D002415:Cats; D002946:Cisterna Magna; D003655:Decerebrate State; D005260:Female; D005703:Gallamine Triethiodide / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000633:toxicity*; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009847:Olivary Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005703:Gallamine Triethiodide