title: Proton NMR relaxation times in the normal human liver at 0.08 T.
abstract: The spin-lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) relaxation times of liver in 42 normal volunteers (21 male and 21 female) were measured using a calibrated 0.08 T resistive imager capable of accurate and reproducible relaxometry. T1 was determined using an interleaved gradient echo saturation recovery and inversion recovery technique and T2 using a four-echo Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill sequence. The ranges obtained were T1 = 213 +/- 14 ms and T2 = 66 +/- 5 ms. More specific ranges were obtained for each sex and for younger and older subjects. A small variation in T1 was found between older (greater than 40 years) and younger (less than 40 years) subjects, but no such effect was observed in the case of T2. No significant variations were found when female volunteers were imaged at weekly intervals through the menstrual cycle, when a male volunteer was imaged repeatedly over the course of several months or when male volunteers consumed small quantities of alcohol.
authors.affiliation: Academic Department of Radiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Keevil
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dolke
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Farthing
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Alstead
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000187:drug effects; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol