title: Evaluation of myocardial protection by combination of lidoflazine pretreatment and St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia in aorto-coronary bypass grafting.
abstract: The concept of pretreatment of the myocardium with a pharmacological agent protecting the cell against ischemic and reperfusion injury is very attractive. Lidoflazine, a calcium overload blocker, predominantly membrane stabilizing, is able to prevent cell damage during ischemic arrest and reperfusion. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the combination of lidoflazine pretreatment and St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia can provide, in clinical practice, better myocardial protection in aorto-coronary bypass grafting than St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia alone. As indices for myocardial protection, recovery of cardiac function, enzyme release, and clinical outcome were registered. Ninety-three patients undergoing aorto-coronary bypass surgery were studied. These patients were randomized into two groups in a double blind fashion. Patients in group A (n = 48) received lidoflazine 1 mg/kg intravenously over a period of 20 min before initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass. Group B (n = 45) receiving placebo, acted as a control group. Myocardial protection consisted of intermittent infusion of cold 4 degrees C St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia, topical slush ice, and systemic hypothermia (28 degrees C rectal). No significant differences between the two groups were noted in terms of recovery of cardiac function, enzyme release, incidence of myocardial infarction, low cardiac output, rhythm, and conduction disturbances. In conclusion, our data suggest that the combination of intravenous pretreatment with lidoflazine and St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia did not provide significant additional myocardial protection in the clinical situation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Noyez
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Knape
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Vermeulen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van der Werf
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gimbrère
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Lacquet
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Flameng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008013:Lidoflazine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011292:Premedication; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D007527:Isoenzymes; C041711:St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegic solution; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D008274:Magnesium; D008013:Lidoflazine; D002122:Calcium Chloride