title: Transforming growth factor beta modulates phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and proliferation of A431 cells.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) increased the phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and inhibited the growth of A431 cells. Incubation with TGF-beta induced maximal EGF receptor phosphorylation to levels 1.5-fold higher than controls. Phosphorylation increased more prominently (4-5-fold) on tyrosine residues as determined by phosphoamino acid analysis and antiphosphotyrosine antibody immunoblotting. The kinase activity of EGF receptor was also elevated 2.5-fold when cells were cultured in the presence of TGF-beta. The antiproliferative effect of TGF-beta on A431 cells was accompanied by prolongation of G0-G1 phase and by morphological changes. TGF-beta augmented the growth inhibition of A431 cells which could be induced by EGF. In parallel, the specific EGF-induced increase in total phosphorylation of the EGF receptor was also augmented in the presence of TGF-beta. In cells cultured with TGF-beta, the phosphorylation of EGF receptor tyrosines induced by 20-min exposure to EGF was further increased 2-3-fold, suggesting additive effects upon receptor phosphorylation. EGF receptor activation by TGF-beta is characterized by kinetics quite distinct from that induced by EGF and therefore appears to take place through an independent mechanism. The TGF-beta-induced elevation in the phosphorylation of the EGF receptor may have a role in the augmented growth inhibition of A431 cells observed in the presence of EGF and TGF-beta.
authors.affiliation: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goldkorn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mendelsohn
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D016192:Resting Phase, Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014443:Tyrosine; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors