title: Immunointervention in primary biliary cirrhosis: an overview.
abstract: Since autoimmune processes are probably involved in the early stages of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), immunomodulatory drugs have been investigated with the aim of prolonging survival, delaying transplantation, slowing histological progression and relieving symptoms. Corticosteroids, azathioprine, chlorambucil and, more recently, cyclosporin A and methotrexate have all be subjected to clinical investigation. In the latest of these, a European multicentre trial, cyclosporin A has been shown to delay death or transplantation with a reduction in liver related deaths and slowing of the rise of serum bilirubin. The incidence of nephrotoxicity and hypertension are low at the doses used.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital School of Medicine and Dentistry, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Bray
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002699:Chlorambucil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D002699:Chlorambucil; D016572:Cyclosporine; D001379:Azathioprine