title: Randomized, prospective comparison of luteal leuprolide acetate and gonadotropins versus clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins in 408 first cycles of in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare luteal phase leuprolide acetate (LA) initiated pituitary down regulation followed by human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) versus clomiphene citrate (CC) and hMG for follicular recruitment and oocyte maturation before in vitro fertilization (IVF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, prospective comparison in first cycles of IVF.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Hospital, a tertiary referral center offering assisted reproductive technologies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were couples undergoing their first ever cycle of IVF and consenting to participation in the trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Luteal phase initiated LA/hMG was associated with a lower probability of cycle cancellation, improved folliculogenesis, and a higher probability of embryo transfer (ET) compared with CC/hMG alone. Implantation rates were not different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher rate of ET with LA/hMG suggests that gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for the induction of folliculogenesis before IVF may be appropriate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Tummon
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nisker
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Yuzpe
mesh_terms: D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008183:Luteal Phase; D008596:Menotropins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D002996:Clomiphene; D008596:Menotropins; D016729:Leuprolide