title: [Hypospadias--current surgical procedures].
abstract: The treatment of hypospadias has developed over the years from a disabling intervention to a surgical procedure devised with due consideration for the needs of paediatric patient. The operation is timed to fit in with the child's psychological development, being performed early in life before it becomes too traumatic for the child. Resection of the chordee and creation of the neourethra in a single session is increasingly superseding the two-stage procedure usual earlier, especially for distal and medial hypospadias. However, when the surgeon is sufficiently experienced even proximal hypospadias can be corrected in a single session, for example by a combination of a Thiersch and a free island flap or by free bladder mucosal flaps or grafts. The use of suitably fine instruments and suture material should be a matter of course, as should the use of magnifying lenses. Urinary diversion is still obligatory in most centres, and, like the sort of dressing used, it depends on the individual experience and judgement of the surgeon. The incidence of postoperative complications should be below 10% regardless of the degree of hypospadias.
authors.affiliation: Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universität Essen.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kröpfl
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rübben
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods; D013536:Suture Techniques; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery
vernacular_title: Hypospadie--Aktuelle operative Verfahren.