title: The effect of milk and skim milk intake on serum lipids and apoproteins in postmenopausal females.
abstract: The effects of milk and skim milk intake on serum lipids, apoprotein levels and fatty acid composition were investigated in postmenopausal females. After a 25-day intake of 200 ml/day of whole milk, the milk group had increased HDL and LDL cholesterol levels, with a slight decrease in the proportion of 18:0 fatty acids in the phospholipid fraction. The skim milk group, which had consumed 20 g/day of skim milk for 25 days, showed no changes. After intake of 400 ml/day of whole milk for 29 days, LDL, HDL and total cholesterol concentrations were even more increased and the VLDL-phospholipid concentration was decreased, with significant increases in apoA-I, apoA-II and apoB concentrations. In the skim milk group, consuming 40 g of skim milk per day for 29 days, total cholesterol, atherogenic index, HDL-triglyceride concentrations were decreased and HDL-phospholipid, apoA-I and apoA-II concentrations were increased. Daily skim milk consumption, which is effective in preventing osteoporosis, and careful selection of foods should be recommended for Japanese postmenopausal women who consume more than 200 ml/day of whole milk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, Tokyo.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ezawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001059:Apoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D001059:Apoproteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids