title: Human breast cancer: survival from first metastasis. Breast Cancer Study Group.
abstract: Survival from the detection of first metastasis (SAM) was analyzed in a single center series of 258 patients with advanced breast cancer. During the 15 year period covered by this study 230 patients died, 215 of their disease. The overall median SAM was 28 months. Univariate analysis of SAM stratified by first dominant site of metastasis, estrogen receptor status (ER), progesterone receptor status (PgR), tumor size, axillary lymph node status, patient age, menopausal status, and disease-free interval (DFI) showed the first dominant site of metastasis, ER, PgR, and axillary lymph node status to be significantly associated with SAM. Patients with visceral metastasis as first dominant site of metastasis had significantly shorter survival than those with either bone or soft tissue metastasis, median SAM 16 vs. 34 vs. 41 months respectively (P less than 0.001). SAM also differed according to the steroid hormone receptor status of the primary tumor: median SAM 34 and 33 months for patients with ER-positive or patients with PgR-positive tumors against 14 months for patients with ER-negative or with PgR-negative tumors (P less than 0.001). Patients with axillary lymph node involvement at primary disease had a shorter SAM than those without, median SAM 24 vs. 35 months (P = 0.006). No association between SAM and either tumor size, patient age, menopausal status, or DFI could be observed. Multivariate analysis including first dominant site of metastasis, ER, PgR, and axillary lymph node status showed the first dominant site of metastasis, ER, and axillary lymph node status to be independently associated with SAM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Koenders
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Beex
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kloppenborg
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Smals
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Benraad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001365:Axilla; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015993:Life Tables; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone