Curdlan sulfate and HIV-1: II. In vitro long-term treatment of HIV-1 infection with curdlan sulfate.
Short-term (1 h) treatment with a newly synthesized sulfated polysaccharide, curdlan sulfate (CRDS), showed relatively weak blocking effects on the binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to the surface of H9 cells. To investigate whether long-term treatment with CRDS could strengthen this effect, CRDS in various doses (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 micrograms/ml) was used in 2-week treatment periods in four separate protocols or "Procedures." SF titers and p24 antigen levels were partially suppressed during long-term CRDS treatment but returned to control levels after the treatment was terminated. In addition, no direct cytotoxicity of CRDS to H9 cells or H9/HIV-1 cells was observed in vitro in the course of continuous exposure to 100 micrograms/ml CRDS for 2 weeks. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of long-term treatment of cells infected with HIV-1 in inhibiting virus expression. The most dramatic inhibition results were obtained when the compound was present both at the time of exposure of cells to virus and during a long-term follow-up treatment. These results show that CRDS inhibits both the cell-free and cell-associated transmission of HIV-1 to host cells and interferes with early events in virus infection. In contrast, CRDS exhibits no significant virucidal activity and has little effect on already infected cells.
Aoki
T
T
Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
Kaneko
Y
Y
Nguyen
T
T
Stefanski
M S
MS
Ting
R C
RC
Manak
M M
MM
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005936:Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D047071:beta-Glucans
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005936:Glucans; D047071:beta-Glucans; C063130:curdlan sulfate