title: Hypercortisolemia inhibits yohimbine-induced release of norepinephrine in the posterolateral hypothalamus of conscious rats.
abstract: Chronic hypercortisolemia attenuates yohimbine (YOH)-induced increments in plasma levels of the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE). The present study used in vivo microdialysis to study the effects of hypercortisolemia on YOH-induced release of NE in the brain. Cortisol (25 mg/kg.day) or saline was infused sc into rats for 7 days via an osmotic minipump. Microdialysate and plasma concentrations of NE and its metabolites dihydroxyphenylglycol and methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol were measured before and after YOH (1 mg/kg, iv) administration in conscious animals, with microdialysate and plasma collections beginning 20-24 h after probe implantation. Chronic cortisol treatment resulted in attenuated NE, dihydroxyphenylglycol, and methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol responses in both microdialysate and plasma. The results indicate that YOH increases central neural as well as peripheral release, reuptake, turnover, and metabolism of NE and that hypercortisolemia suppresses these responses.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pacak
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Armando
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komoly
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuhara
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Weise
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Kopin
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003956:Dialysis / Q000379:methods; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007026:Hypothalamic Area, Lateral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013997:Time Factors; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D015016:Yohimbine; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; C010117:3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol; D004298:Dopamine; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D009638:Norepinephrine