title: Ketorolac versus meperidine and hydroxyzine in the treatment of acute migraine headache: a randomized, prospective, double-blind trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of IM ketorolac with that of meperidine and hydroxyzine in the treatment of acute migraine headache.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, double-blind trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban emergency department with an annual census of 42,000 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven adult patients with migraines enrolled on 50 visits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned to receive a single injection of either 60 mg ketorolac (group 1) or 100 mg meperidine and 50 mg hydroxyzine (group 2). Pain assessment was made using both visual-analog and verbal descriptor scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 60 minutes, 15 patients (60%) from group 1 (25) and 14 patients (56%) from group 2 (25) reported a great deal of complete relief (P = .77) Sixty-minute mean pain relief scores (3.35 versus 3.37) were different (P = .76). Nine patients (36%) from group 1 and seven patients (28%) from group 2 required additional analgesia (P = .76).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ketorolac is as effective as meperidine and hydroxyzine for the treatment of acute migraine headache.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dunaway
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aldag
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frederick
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006919:Hydroxyzine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D008297:Male; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014046:Tolmetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014325:Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D014325:Tromethamine; D006919:Hydroxyzine; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D008614:Meperidine; D014046:Tolmetin