title: Intravenous and oral magnesium supplementations in the prophylaxis of cisplatin-induced hypomagnesemia. Results of a controlled trial.
abstract: The effects of oral and intravenous magnesium supplementation on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced hypomagnesemia were investigated in 41 patients treated with 100 mg/m2 CDDP. Patients were randomly allocated to receive no magnesium supplementation, intravenous magnesium supplementation (magnesium sulphate, 3 g before each CDDD administration) or oral magnesium supplementation (magnesium pidolate, 2 g orally every 8 hours on days 2 to 21 of each CDDP course) during the first 4 courses of CDDP treatment. Patients in both supplementation arms showed significantly higher magnesium levels than control patients from the second course on (oral magnesium arm) or from the third course on (intravenous magnesium arm). Three of the 9 patients (33%) in the intravenous magnesium arm and 4 of the 9 (44%) in the oral magnesium arm developed hypomagnesemia after the fourth course of CDDP, compared with 9 of the 10 (90%) unsupplemented patients. There were no magnesium-related side effects in patients on intravenous magnesium supplementation. Two patients treated with oral magnesium developed mild gastrointestinal symptoms (emesis and diarrhea), probably from magnesium therapy. Our study showed that both intravenous and oral magnesium supplementations appear to be safe and efficacious in the prevention of CDDP-induced hypomagnesemia. Since patients were not completely protected, and since the analysis was limited to the first four courses of chemotherapy, additional studies are needed to determine the best schedule of magnesium supplementation, especially in patients who receive more than four courses of CDDP chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diaz-Rubio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casado
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: López Vega
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sastre
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Almenarez
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium; D002945:Cisplatin