title: Association of waist-hip ratio with diabetes mellitus. Strength and possible modifiers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the association between central obesity, as measured by the waist-hip ratio (WHR), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), considering the effects of sex, age, overall obesity, and family history of diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study nested within a community-based survey. We selected 151 subjects with NIDDM and 301 nondiabetic control subjects as a systematic sample of survey screening negative individuals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Odds ratios for NIDDM, comparing a high WHR (greater than or equal to 0.926 for men, greater than or equal to 0.83 for women) to a low WHR were 4.72 with a 95% confidence interval of 2.39-9.34, and 2.17 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.03-4.58, for women and men, respectively, controlling for age, overall obesity, and a family history of diabetes. Women with high WHRs in the presence of these risk factors are notably at risk for diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Central obesity, as measured by the WHR, is importantly and independently associated with NIDDM.
authors.affiliation: Research Support Group, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Canani
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karohl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chambless
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006615:Hip; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013008:Somatotypes