title: Effects of increasing response requirement on choice between cocaine and food in rhesus monkeys.
abstract: Rhesus monkeys were trained in a discrete-trials choice procedure and allowed to choose between intravenous injections of cocaine (0.01-1.0 mg/kg/injection) and food presentation (1 or 4 pellets; 1 g/pellet) during daily 7-h experimental sessions. When each reinforcer was available under a fixed-ratio (FR) 30 schedule, the frequency of cocaine choice and the total drug intake increased in a dose-related manner for all monkeys. When the FR for cocaine was differentially increased, the frequency of cocaine choice decreased, shifting the cocaine dose-response function to the right and/or downward. When the FR for cocaine was at least 480, cocaine preference could not be recovered up to doses of 1.0 mg/kg/injection. In a second experiment, when the response requirement for food was differentially increased, the frequency of cocaine choice increased. These results demonstrate that altering the response requirement for cocaine or for alternative reinforcers that are available can substantially affect cocaine self-administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nader
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Woolverton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine