title: Intracytoplasmic ciliary elements in epidermal cells of Syndesmis echinorum and Paravortex cardii (Platyhelminthes, Dalyellioida).
abstract: Epidermal cells of Syndesmis echinorum and Paravortex cardii contain many intracytoplasmic ciliary components: clusters of centrioles disorganized and incomplete short axonemes composed of loosely organized microtubules of irregular lengths, fully formed axonemes though some with fewer than nine doublets, and ciliary rootlets. Furthermore, conspicuous dense granules are found in solitary groups in the cytoplasm. Clusters of dense granules are also closely associated with Golgi complexes and developing axonemal microtubules. Since the dense granules decrease in number as the axonemes increase, it is likely that the granules are involved in the formation of axonemal microtubules. Ciliary elements are especially abundant in epidermal cells of Paravortex cardii embryos, some of them resembling those previously described by several authors in differentiating ciliated cells engaged in centriologenesis and ciliogenesis. Attention has been focused on the relative proportion and position of these elements, as well as the different morphology and several assembling states that they exhibit in epidermal cells of adult S. echinorum and adults and embryos of P. cardii. A functional interpretation of some of the findings is given, which allows us to suggest a sequence of ciliogenetic events that occur in epidermal cells of both species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, University of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cifrian
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Corrales
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martínez-Alos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002923:Cilia / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004817:Epidermis / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008386:Marine Biology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008974:Mollusca / Q000469:parasitology; D009024:Morphogenesis; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000469:parasitology; D014419:Turbellaria / Q000033:anatomy & histology*