Effect of excess xylitol on nitrogen and glucose metabolism in parenterally fed rats.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of an excess of xylitol on nitrogen balance and glucose metabolism in parenterally fed rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g, n = 17) were catheterized for total parenteral nutrition and then randomized into two groups based on subsequent diet. The two diets used were isonitrogenous (1.5 g of nitrogen per kilogram per day) and isocaloric, with half the calories (125 kcal/kg per day) being derived from lipid (125 kcal/kg per day) and the other half from either glucose or xylitol (125 kcal/kg per day). The rats were fed a half-strength total parenteral nutrition diet for the day after surgery and a full-strength total parenteral nutrition diet for the following 4 days. Urines were collected daily for the determination of nitrogen balance. On day 5, the rats were given a 7- to 8-hour infusion of 6.6-d2 glucose (6 mg/h and 2-d1 glucose (12 mg/h). At the conclusion of the isotope infusion period, the rats were killed and blood was collected. Urine output was increased by 22% per day in the xylitol-treated rats, and they excreted 46.5 mmol of xylitol per liter per kilogram per day (7.1 g/kg per day, approximately 22.7% of dose). The xylitol group lost weight, had poorer nitrogen balance (341 +/- 31 vs 83 +/- 29 mg/kg per day [mean +/- standard error of the mean], p < .05), and developed fatty livers. Analysis of the liver fat distribution pattern indicated that the source of the excess hepatic lipid was dietary fat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Drews
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Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Camden 08103.
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D000818:Animals; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015219:Substrate Cycling; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects; D014993:Xylitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen; D014993:Xylitol