title: Effects of malaoxon on phosphatidylinositol signaling in convulsing and non-convulsing non-pregnant and pregnant female rats and their offspring.
abstract: Phosphatidylinositol (PI) signaling during organophosphate (OP) induced convulsions and tissue Ca2+ changes in 10 weeks old male, and 14 weeks old non-pregnant and pregnant female rats, and the offspring of the latter were explored. Brain inositol and inositol-1-phosphate (Ins1P) served as indices of alterations in brain PI signaling, and brain tissue Ca2+ as an index of early neuronal injury. A dose of malaoxon OP, which produced convulsions in about 60% of the exposed rats in different rat groups, was 39.2 for male, and 8.2 mg/kg for pregnant female rats, respectively. Malaoxon (8.2 mg/kg) did not produce convulsions in non-pregnant female rats. All the rats were followed for 1 or 4 hr subsequent to malaoxon. Malaoxon decreased cerebral inositol in both male and female rats, and the decrease was similar in spite of the dose difference. The decrease was larger in the convulsing than in the non-convulsing rats. A tendency towards a decrease of brain inositol also occurred in the offspring. Ins1P levels were markedly increased in male, and also in non-pregnant female rats, but not in the brains of pregnant female rats. Ins1P was not markedly changed in the brains of the offspring. Malaoxon elevated brain tissue Ca2+ in male but not in female rats or their offspring. Cholinergic systems and PI signaling in the brain seem to be associated with OP-induced convulsions both in male and female rats; females seem to be more sensitive than males. Malaoxon may also have slightly modified PI signaling in the offspring brain. Hormonal factors are likely to modify OP CNS toxicity and cholinergic stimulation of brain PI signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Savolainen
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hirvonen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D008294:Malathion / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012016:Reference Values; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; C100082:malaoxon; D008294:Malathion