title: An evaluation of the Cleveland criteria for inpatient treatment of substance abuse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the validity of the Cleveland Admission, Discharge, and Transfer Criteria, a comprehensive system for assigning alcohol- and drug-abusing patients to appropriate levels of care.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 143 alcoholic and cocaine-dependent male patients in an intensive Veterans Administration day treatment program for substance abusers. Patients who should have received inpatient treatment according to the Cleveland criteria were compared with those who were properly "matched" to day treatment according to the criteria. The outcome measures were treatment completion, results of urine toxicology screens, and self-reports of substance use and psychosocial functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who met the criteria for inpatient care were not more likely to drop out of day hospital treatment, and there was no evidence that they were drinking or using cocaine more frequently during follow-up. Furthermore, they did not appear to be doing worse on any of the other outcome measures, with the exception of psychological status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that for male substance abusers in the lower socioeconomic levels, the Cleveland criteria may not be effective in differentiating patients who can manage well with day hospital treatment and those who require inpatient treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: McLellan
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Alterman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000145:classification / Q000534:rehabilitation; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003042:Cocaine; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000534:rehabilitation*
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine