title: The four-meter confrontation visual field test.
abstract: The 4-m confrontation visual field test has been successfully used at the Mayo Clinic for many years in addition to the standard 0.5-m confrontation visual field test. The 4-m confrontation visual field test is a test of macular function and can identify small central or paracentral scotomas that the examiner may not find when the patient is tested only at 0.5 m. Also, macular sparing in homonymous hemianopias and quadrantanopias may be identified with the 4-m confrontation visual field test. We recommend use of this confrontation visual field test, in addition to the standard 0.5-m confrontation visual field test, on appropriately selected patients to obtain the most information possible by confrontation visual field tests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kodsi
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Younge
mesh_terms: D006423:Hemianopsia / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D012607:Scotoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields