title: Surgical treatment of thoracic esophageal carcinoma directly invading the lung.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors examined 63 patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma directly invading the adjacent lung. Four of them had esophago-pulmonary fistulas. One patient received exploratory thoracotomy and exposure to radiation, and 62 underwent esophagectomy with mediastinal and abdominal lymph node dissection. A resection of the seized lung and the esophagus was performed in 39 patients (Group A), and 23 received esophagectomy with part of the tumor remaining intact (Group B).
  
  
  METHODS
  The results of treatment were compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operative blood loss, mortality, and complications in both groups showed no difference. The average number of dissected lymph nodes in Group A was significantly larger than that in Group B (P less than 0.01). Histologic examination revealed that 22 (56.4%) lesions in Group A invaded the pulmonary parenchyma, a finding that indicates the difficulty of gross diagnosis of tumor infiltration. Five-year survival rates for patients in Groups A and B were 21.1% and 8.7%, respectively. The survival curve for patients in Group A was significantly better than for those in Group B (P less than 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulmonary resection and aggressive lymph node dissection are recommended for patients with esophageal carcinoma that invades the adjacent lung.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tachimori
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itabashi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004937:Esophageal Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D016629:Esophagectomy; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013908:Thoracotomy