title: Evaluation of radiation-induced liver injury with MR imaging: comparison of hepatocellular and reticuloendothelial contrast agents.
abstract: Gadolinium (4s)-4-(4-ethoxybenzyl-3,6,9-tris(carboxylato-methyl)-3,6,9- triazaudecandioic acid (EOB) diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), a hepatocellular-directed magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent, and coated superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO), a Kupffer cell-directed contrast agent, were compared for uptake and enhancement in a rodent model of radiation-induced liver injury. A single x-irradiation exposure (50-70 Gy) was delivered to one side of the liver in 18 rats. MR imaging was performed 3 days after x irradiation with sequential injections of the two contrast agents in the same rats. Additionally, biliary excretion of Gd-EOB-DTPA was quantified after whole-liver irradiation in five rats. Electron microscopy of the irradiated liver demonstrated mitochondrial injury in both hepatocyte and Kupffer cell populations. With Gd-EOB-DTPA, however, liver enhancement and biliary excretion were not affected by irradiation. Uptake of SPIO was decreased in the irradiated portion of the liver, with a precise demarcation between irradiated and nonirradiated zones at MR imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco 94143-0628.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mühler
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Vexler
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rosenau
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Berthezène
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuwatsuru
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Brasch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003911:Dextrans; D005260:Female; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D007501:Iron; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D012157:Mononuclear Phagocyte System / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010087:Oxides; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010087:Oxides; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D007501:Iron; C065507:ferumoxides; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide