title: [Severe respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia following bone marrow autograft. 3 cases].
abstract: Three patients developed severe respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia after bone marrow autograft for acute leukaemia. Clinically, the disease presents as interstitial or bilateral alveolo-interstitial pneumonia with hypoxaemia. Signs of ENT infection (otitis media, sinusitis) are present in 30 percent of the cases. In all 3 patients, the syncytial virus was isolated by direct immunofluorescence in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In 2 patients the infection began soon after the autograft, in deeply aplastic subjects, and required intubation and assisted ventilation. These 2 patients died despite inhalation of aerosolized ribavirin combined, in one of them, with ribavirin injections. In the third patient the infection began some time after the autograft and responded well to ribavirin in aerosols. In these three cases the viral infection occurred in an epidemic and nosocomial context. The respiratory syncytial virus is usually transmitted by the hands. Owing to the severity of this infection with lung involvement in immunodepressed patients, specific prophylactic measures should be taken side by side with the conventional measures.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Transplantation médulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Parix.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mouthon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fouillard
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Laporte
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Isnard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoudjhane
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lucet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bricourt
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Douay
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007938:Leukemia / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; D010253:Respirovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous
chemical_list: D012254:Ribavirin
vernacular_title: Pneumopathie grave à virus respiratoire syncytial respiratoire après autogreffe de moelle osseuse. Trois observations.