title: Radiation therapy for testicular seminoma: controversies in the management of early-stage disease.
abstract: Subdiaphragmatic irradiation remains the standard treatment for patients with stage I and IIA testicular seminoma. Elective mediastinal irradiation is not indicated. In well-selected patients with stage I disease, aggressive surveillance may be a reasonable alternative to elective irradiation. We believe that bipedal lymphangiography is useful in staging, radiation field design, and follow-up. Other controversies in the radiotherapeutic management include the optimal radiation dose and appropriate target volume.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Anscher
authors.forename: W U
authors.initials: WU
authors.lastname: Shipley
mesh_terms: D004407:Dysgerminoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*