title: Tungsten treatment prevents tumor necrosis factor-induced injury of brain endothelial cells.
abstract: Exposure to recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or calcium ionophore (A23187) for 4 h increased (P less than 0.05) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from cultured bovine brain endothelial cells (EC). In contrast, treatment with endotoxin or interleukin-1 did not increase (P greater than 0.05). LDH release from brain EC. Pretreatment with tungsten decreased (P less than 0.05) xanthine oxidase activity in brain EC and decreased (P less than 0.05) LDH release from brain EC following exposure to TNF. Our results suggest that TNF-alpha injures brain microvascular EC and that this effect may be mediated by xanthine oxidase.
authors.affiliation: Webb-Waring Lung Institute, Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Willingham
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Guidot
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Shibao
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Kindt
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Repine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014414:Tungsten / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D014414:Tungsten