title: Three distinct elements within the murine c-myc promoter are required for transcription.
abstract: We have undertaken a detailed analysis of the cis-acting elements that are required for optimal transcription initiation from P2, the major promoter of the murine c-myc gene. We find that three elements contribute to promoter strength, termed ME1a2, E2F and ME1a1 at positions -85, -64 and -46 respectively (relative to P2). Individually the elements are weak, but combined they contribute to full promoter activity, all acting in a positive fashion. The E2F element is the site at which the SV40 large T antigen transactivates the c-myc promoter. However, transactivation requires the presence of the ME1a2 or ME1a1 elements in addition to E2F. By a number of criteria it appears that the ME1a2 and ME1a1 elements bind the same or a very closely related protein (monomer Mr 94,000). It was found that Hela cells contain a novel factor that is capable of binding to the ME1a1 and ME1a2 elements but only in the presence of the protein-dissociating agents deoxycholate or formamide. Finally, the E2F factor binds DNA both as a monomer and as a multiprotein complex; the latter is cell type specific. Both types of bound E2F factor form less stable protein-DNA complexes than the ME1a2/ME1a1 factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Moberg
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Logan
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Tyndall
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016259:Genes, myc; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides