title: Metabolic effects of new oral hypoglycemic agent CS-045 in NIDDM subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the metabolic effects of a new oral antidiabetic agent, CS-045, in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven NIDDM subjects (mean age 59 yr and body mass index 32.3) were treated with 400 mg/day CS-045 for 6-12 wk. Patients were hospitalized before and at the end of the drug-treatment period for metabolic studies, including oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), meal tolerance test (MTT), euglycemic glucose-clamp studies, and lipid analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight subjects showed a marked clinical response to the drug, whereas 3 were nonresponders. The data were analyzed both for the total group and for the responders. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) fell from 12.5 +/- 0.7 to 10.7 +/- 1.0 mM in the total group but fell more dramatically from 12.7 +/- 0.5 to 8.3 +/- 0.6 mM in the responder group. The area under the OGTT glucose curve improved by 17% in the total group and by 29% in the responders. The area under the MTT glucose curve improved by 38 and 52%, respectively. MTT levels of insulin, free fatty acids, and glucagon were significantly lower after treatment. Glucose disposal rates during glucose-clamp studies were increased in all subjects after CS-045 treatment. Mean increases were 63% at 120 mU.m-2.min-1 and 41% at 300 mU.m-2.min-1. Basal hepatic glucose production fell by 17% in the total group and by 28% in the responders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CS-045 improves insulin resistance, reduces insulinemia, lowers hepatic glucose production, and improves both fasting and postprandial glycemia in NIDDM subjects. CS-045 may represent a new therapeutic option for NIDDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Suter
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gumbiner
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Olefsky
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D002839:Chromans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D000077288:Troglitazone
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D002839:Chromans; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014280:Triglycerides; D005934:Glucagon; D002784:Cholesterol; D000077288:Troglitazone