title: Structural rearrangements of the chloroplast genome provide an important phylogenetic link in ferns.
abstract: The chloroplast genome of most land plants is highly conserved. In contrast, physical and gene mapping studies have revealed a highly rearranged chloroplast genome in species representing four families of ferns. In all four, there has been a rare duplication of the psbA gene and the order of the psbA, 16S, and 23S rRNA genes has been inverted. Our analysis shows that the described rearrangement results from a minimum of two inversions within the inverted repeat. This chloroplast DNA structure provides unambiguous evidence that phylogenetically links families of ferns once thought to belong to different major evolutionary lineages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Conant
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ahearn
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kirch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasebe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwatsuki
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Thomson
mesh_terms: D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010802:Phylogeny; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics*; D015183:Restriction Mapping
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004247:DNA