title: Minocycline slow-release formulation effect on subgingival bacteria.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the microbiological efficacy of an adjunctive minocycline periodontal formulation delivered subgingivally. Subjects were systemically healthy but exhibited severe periodontitis; i.e., probing depths greater than 6 mm. The two study groups included individuals who received minocycline or a placebo periodontal formulation after root planing. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained at baseline; prior to treatment; and at 1, 3, and 6 months. Plaque was evaluated by darkfield microscopy and further analyzed for total dark-pigmented Bacteroides species, P. intermedia, P. gingivalis and Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Eikenella, Actinobacillus, Capnocytophaga, and Fusobacterium species using cultivable flora techniques. In addition, plaque was evaluated for yeast on a selective agar medium. When compared to the placebo, the minocycline group had significantly lower proportions of spirochetes at 1 and 3 months and lower proportions of motile rods at 3 months. Furthermore, when compared to the placebo group, the minocycline patients had lower mean proportions of dark-pigmented Bacteroides spp. and P. intermedia at 1 and 3 months as well as lower proportions of E. corrodens at 1 month. The minocycline group had significant decreases in proportions of spirochetes at 1 and 3 months, motile rods at 1 and 3 months, and increases in cocci at 1, 3, and 6 months when compared to baseline. In the placebo group, root planing was also effective at decreasing spirochetes at 1, 3, and 6 months, but with significant differences seen only at 3 and 6 months. However, the degree of reduction in spirochete proportions was greater in the minocycline group when compared with the placebo group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Niigata University, School of Dentistry, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Osborn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stoltenberg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bereuter
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hardie
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aeppli
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D012534:Dental Scaling; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008911:Minocycline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D010919:Placebos; D016745:Root Planing; D013144:Spirochaetales / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004343:Drug Implants; D010919:Placebos; D008911:Minocycline