title: A survey of pre-placement urinalysis drug findings.
abstract: In December, 1989, the Department of Transportation (DOT) in conjunction with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) mandated an extensive urine drug testing program for selected positions within the airline industry. At the end of 1 year we have tested 7,872 applicants under these rules, with a positive finding rate of 0.17%. We have also tested 32,157 applicants, including those applying for DOT-covered positions, with a positive rate of 2.82%. Considering only the two major drugs of abuse--marijuana and cocaine--we found the positive rate to be an order of magnitude greater than the rate discovered under the DOT program. We present these data together with a discussion of some of the possible reasons for this major disparity. We also present findings for barbiturates and benzodiazepines which are not tested under the DOT program, but which have safety implications related to the aviation industry.
authors.affiliation: American Airlines Medical Department, Fort Worth, TX 75261.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Wick
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Brawley
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D001359:Aviation; D001463:Barbiturates; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D010560:Personnel Selection; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000652:urine*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D001463:Barbiturates; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D001569:Benzodiazepines