title: Orthodontics in the General Dental Services of England and Wales: the provision of treatment.
abstract: A survey has been undertaken on a representative sample of 1210 patients collected from a 5% sampling procedure employed by the Dental Practice Board. Discontinued cases were excluded from the study. It was revealed that the majority of orthodontic treatment was undertaken by practitioners who had in general been qualified for at least 10 years and, in the main, did not possess an orthodontic qualification. The greater proportion of treatment was undertaken using removable appliances, although fixed appliances were used in 43% of prior approval cases and treatments attracted an average fee of 171 pounds (1988 prices). There was a marked variation in the proportion and type of treatment carried out in the various regions within the General Dental Services.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health and Development, University of Manchester.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Richmond
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stephens
mesh_terms: D002568:Certification; D004739:England; D006801:Humans; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration; D013218:State Dentistry; D014852:Wales; D000078329:Workforce