title: Prevalence and comorbidity of dysthymic disorder among psychiatric outpatients.
abstract: We investigated prevalence and comorbidity of DSM-III dysthymic disorder in a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Seventy-five consecutive outpatients received structured interviews. Prevalence of dysthymic disorder was 36% in the consecutive sample. Thirty-four dysthymic and 56 non-dysthymic patients were compared for comorbidity. Dysthymic subjects were more likely to meet criteria for major depression, social phobia, and avoidant, self-defeating, dependent, and borderline personality disorders. Dysthymic disorder was usually of early onset, predating comorbid disorders, and had often not received adequate antidepressant treatment. These results help define dysthymic disorder as prevalent, usually predating axis I comorbidity, and associated with particular axis II diagnoses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kocsis
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Frances
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales