title: Albuminuria in people at least 40 years old: effect of obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.
abstract: Concentrations of urinary albumin and the albumin:creatinine ratio were measured in early-morning urine specimens from 5670 people older than 40 years who participated in a health screening survey of a local workforce. Sex-specific reference intervals were determined in a subgroup of 3597 people after excluding 2073 individuals with Albustix-positive proteinuria; diabetes mellitus; bacteriuria; current hypertension; body mass index greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2; or serum triglyceride greater than or equal to 2.5 mmol/L. The 97.5 percentile concentration for urinary albumin was 28 mg/L in men and 29 mg/L in women; for the albumin:creatinine ratio this was 2.3 g/mol in men and 2.8 g/mol in women. In the study population, the degree of albuminuria showed piecewise log-linear relationships with diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.0001) and body mass index (P = 0.0001), log-linear relationships with hypertriglyceridemia (P = 0.0001) and hypercholesterolemia (P = 0.0001), and a negative piecewise linear relationship with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P = 0.0461).
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Metcalf
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scragg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dryson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine