title: The effects of heating and devitrification on the structure and biological activity of aluminosilicate refractory ceramic fibres.
abstract: Three grades of ceramic fibre have been examined for their composition, structures and biological effect in several in vitro assay systems. The fibres were examined in the 'as-manufactured' state and after heating at 1200 and 1400 degrees C. Devitrification of the fibres at 1200 degrees C probably gave mullite crystals on the surface and caused the formation of the high-temperature form of cristobalite and, in zirconia grade fibres, the high-temperature, tetragonal form of zirconia as well. Further heating changed surface structure and led to zircon production in the zirconia fibres. Heating reduced the affinity of the fibres for the surface of V79-4 cells and lowered fibre toxicity toward these cells and towards macrophage-like cells. These changes in toxicity were not due to a reduction in the fibrous nature of the materials although they did become more brittle and powders prepared from them contained more isometric particles than those from as-manufactured materials. This suggests that the devitrification occurring during the use of these materials in high-temperature environments will not necessarily enhance their adverse biological activities despite the production of one phase of crystalline silica.
authors.affiliation: MRC Toxicology Unit, Carshalton, Surrey, U.K.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Sara
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hoskins
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Laskowski
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Acheson
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Forder
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Rood
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D006224:Cricetinae; D003460:Crystallization; D006358:Hot Temperature; D051379:Mice; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013499:Surface Properties; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D015040:Zirconium