title: Effects of ketamine anesthesia on phenytoin biodisposition.
abstract: After oral administration (10% suspension in arabic gum, at 500 mg/kg), total phenytoin (PHT) concentrations were measured in the blood and brain of rats anesthetized with ketamine (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally i.p.) and in a control group that received only PHT. The concentration of PHT in blood and brain was significantly higher in the ketamine than in the control group. At 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 h, increased brain PHT reflected increased blood concentrations. At all times, the plasma protein binding of PHT was similar in both groups. After intravenous (i.v.) administration, instead, at 10 mg/kg, total PHT concentrations were similar in rats anesthetized with ketamine (60 mg/kg, i.p.) and in a control group that received only PHT under mild ether anesthesia. Thus, the main factor involved with the altered PHT biodisposition caused by ketamine anesthesia appears to be increased absorption of the drug.
authors.affiliation: Neurological Clinic, University of Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sechi
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Caria
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Melis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanca
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deserra
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosati
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D010672:Phenytoin; D007649:Ketamine