title: Congenital external carotid-jugular fistula: report of two cases and a review of the literature.
abstract: Congenital arteriovenous communications involving the external carotid artery and the jugular vein(s) are exceptionally rare. We report two cases of congenital external carotid-jugular fistulae with clinical, radiological, and surgical features and a review of the literature. The prospects of endovascular treatment and the limits of surgery are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Tekkok
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Akkurt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzer
authors.forename: O E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Ozcan
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology / Q000601:surgery; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography