title: [Epidural midazolam with saline--optimal dose for postoperative pain].
abstract: Optimal dose of epidural midazolam with saline for postoperative pain relief was investigated. Forty three patients for upper abdominal surgery were divided into 5 groups. Each group had either 10 ml saline only (saline group), 10 ml saline + midazolam 0.025 mg.kg-1 (0.025 group), 10 ml saline + midazolam 0.05 mg.kg-1 (0.05 group), 10 ml saline + midazolam 0.075 mg.kg-1 (0.075 group), or 10 ml saline + midazolam 0.1 mg.kg-1 (0.1 group) administered epidurally for complaint of postoperative pain. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and sedation score (SS) were monitored for 120 minutes, and the time interval for next analgesics (TNA) was checked. In each group, BP was unchanged compared with preinjection level. HR changes were less in 0.05 and 0.1 group than in others. RR changes were less in 0.025 and 0.05 group than in others. Optimal SSs were obtained in 0.025 and 0.05 groups. In 0.075 and 0.1 groups, many patients fell into complete sleep (not responded to verbal command). TNA was about 2 hours in 0.025 and 0.05 groups, over 6 hours in 0.075 and 0.1 groups. Complete sleep was the cause of long TNA in 0.075 and 0.1 groups. It was concluded that optimal dose of epidural midazolam with saline 10 ml was 0.05 mg.kg-1 for postoperative pain relief after upper abdominal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Odaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008874:Midazolam