title: Mechanisms regulating cardiac fuel selection in hyperthyroidism.
abstract: Starvation (48 h) decreases fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2) concentrations and the ratio of free to acylated carnitine in hearts of euthyroid rats. These decreases, which are indicative of increased lipid fuel oxidation, are accompanied by decreased rates of glucose uptake and phosphorylation, assessed by using radioactive 2-deoxyglucose. Cardiac concentrations of acylated carnitines were increased at the expense of free carnitine even in the fed state in response to experimental hyperthyroidism, but neither Fru-2,6-P2 concentrations nor rates of glucose utilization were suppressed. Starvation (48 h) did not further increase the proportion of acylated carnitine in the heart in hyperthyroidism, and suppression of Fru-2,6-P2 concentrations and glucose utilization rates by starvation was attenuated. Although glucose utilization rates were decreased, starvation did not decrease immunoreactive GLUT 4 protein concentrations. Furthermore, although hyperthyroidism was associated with a statistically significant (30-40%) increase in relative abundance of GLUT 4 mRNA, the amount of GLUT 4 protein was not increased by hyperthyroidism in either the fed or the starved state. The results demonstrate a significant effect of hyperthyroidism to enhance cardiac glucose utilization in starvation by a mechanism which does not involve changes in GLUT 4 expression but may be secondary to changes in glucose-lipid interactions at the tissue level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London, U.K.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sugden
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Holness
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Fryer
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Kruszynska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002331:Carnitine / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005635:Fructosediphosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013217:Starvation
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005635:Fructosediphosphates; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; C027652:fructose 2,6-diphosphate; D005947:Glucose; D002331:Carnitine