title: Upstream regions of the c-jun promoter regulate phorbol ester-induced transcription in U937 leukemic cells.
abstract: To understand the mechanism by which phorbol esters (PMA) stimulate c-jun transcription in human leukemic cell line U937, we have mutated specific enhancer sequences within the c-jun promoter. We find in the region of DNA from -132 to +170 containing Sp1, C-TF and AP-1 sequences that mutation of the AP-1 sequence alone is not sufficient to abrogate transcription, and mutation of the Sp1 sequence increases transcription 4-fold. Although mutation of the CTF site had no effect, CTF and AP-1 mutations together totally abrogate PMA-induced transcription. In comparison mutations of either of these sites alone or together in a construct containing -1639/+740 of the c-jun promoter had no effect on transcription. Because this data suggested the possibility of other upstream control regions, we sequenced the promoter from -142 to -1639. This sequence demonstrates a greater than 70% homology between human, and mouse c-jun promoters for the region from -142 to -441, and a second AP-1-like site in the -183 to -192 region. Mutation of this site did not influence transcription by PMA. By making constructs containing varying portions of the promoter, we have identified the region between -142 and -711 to be responsible for mediating PMA-induced c-jun transcription.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Unlap
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kraft
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016758:Genes, jun / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; C016658:phorbolol myristate acetate; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate