title: Endometrial lymphoid tissue in the timed endometrial biopsy: morphometric and immunohistochemical aspects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to provide a morphometric profile of endometrial granulated lymphocytes and to investigate qualitative and quantitative differences in leukocyte subsets in precisely timed luteal phase endometrial biopsies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometrial biopsies were obtained from 24 normal fertile women at 4, 7, 10, and 13 days after the luteinizing hormone surge. Endometrial granulated lymphocytes were assessed morphometrically in 2 microns resin sections. Eleven monoclonal antibodies were used to characterize leukocytes in frozen sections. Semiquantitation was performed with a Quantimet 970 image analyzer. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD8+ (T suppressor-cytotoxic) cells increased significantly from 4 to 7 days after the luteinizing hormone surge, whereas CD68+ macrophages increased from days 10 to 13. Lymphocytes with an unusual phenotype (CD56+, CD38+, CD2+) increased dramatically after 7 days. The volume fraction of endometrium occupied by the nuclei of endometrial granulated lymphocytes did not alter, but their mean nuclear diameter and axial ratio decreased from days 7 to 13.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The morphometric findings indicate in situ proliferation of endometrial granulated lymphocytes rather than migration from the peripheral circulation. T lymphocytes, macrophages, and endometrial granulated lymphocytes increase significantly between certain stages of the luteal phase.
authors.affiliation: Harris Birthright Research Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Jessop Hospital for Women, Nottingham, England.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Klentzeris
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Bulmer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Cooke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD