title: Treatment of open, delayed union, and nonunion fractures with external skeletal fixation.
abstract: ESF is useful in treatment of open fractures and delayed union and nonunion fractures. The fixation pins can be placed away from the fracture site to avoid disruption of blood supply. The appliance is well tolerated and inexpensive, and many of the parts can be reused. Adjustment of the splint is possible to permit correction of stabilization for optimal results. Gradual reduction of frame rigidity improves the quality of healing by increasing the stress on the bone. As stiffness of the healing fracture increases, return of limb function occurs. Early fixator removal reduces patient morbidity and permits a return to normal activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lincoln
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats / Q000293:injuries*; D004285:Dogs / Q000293:injuries*; D016267:External Fixators / Q000662:veterinary*; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D005599:Fractures, Ununited / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D014458:Ulna Fractures / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary