title: The electrocardiogram in the highly trained athlete.
abstract: Athletes may have congenital or acquired structural heart disease revealed by abnormal electrocardiogram. They may have structural heart disease despite a normal electrocardiogram. Athletes with normal hearts may show electrocardiogram changes that mimic those of heart disease. The distinction between adaptive hypertrophy and pathologic hypertrophy may be difficult based solely on the electrocardiogram.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Oakley
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000503:physiopathology; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D013177:Sports