Expression of colony-stimulating factor-1 in the human uterus and placenta.
Previous studies in the mouse have strongly implicated colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) in the regulation of placental development. In this study of human pregnancy, we detected CSF-1 in serum, endometrium, placenta, chorion, amnion, and amniotic fluid, with significant increases in serum and endometrial samples from the first trimester compared to levels in nonpregnant controls. CSF-1 mRNA was demonstrated in all of these tissues, except amnion, with a significant increase within the first trimester endometrial samples over nonpregnant control values. In addition to the major 4.0-kilobase mRNA, other species of CSF-1 mRNA were detected, which were shown to be due to alternative splicing within exon 6 and the alternative use of exon 9 or 10. In the endometrium, CSF-1 was localized to glandular epithelial and endothelial cells. In first trimester placenta, CSF-1 was in the cytotrophoblasts lining the villous core and in the cytotrophoblastic shell. During the second trimester, CSF-1 was localized to villous mesenchymal cells. By the third trimester, CSF-1 was only detected in cells lining the villous vessels. The detection of CSF-1 during gestation strongly supports a role for CSF-1 in the regulation of placental function in humans by autocrine and/or paracrine mechanisms.
Daiter
E
E
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
Pampfer
S
S
Yeung
Y G
YG
Barad
D
D
Stanley
E R
ER
Pollard
J W
JW
D000650:Amnion / Q000737:chemistry; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002823:Chorion / Q000737:chemistry; D004717:Endometrium / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010920:Placenta / Q000737:chemistry*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014599:Uterus / Q000737:chemistry*
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor