title: Differential response of seven subjects with autistic disorder to clomipramine and desipramine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Clomipramine, a serotonin reuptake blocker that has unique antiobsessional properties, was hypothesized to have a different effect from that of desipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant with selective adrenergic effects, for the stereotyped, repetitive behaviors in autism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven subjects, ages 6-18 years, with autistic disorder completed a 10-week double-blind, crossover trial of clomipramine and desipramine following a 2-week single-blind, placebo phase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clomipramine was superior to desipramine and placebo, as indicated by standardized ratings of autism and anger as well as ratings of repetitive and compulsive behaviors. Clomipramine and desipramine were equally superior to placebo for ratings of hyperactivity. Parents of all seven subjects elected to have their children continue to take clomipramine after the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clomipramine and desipramine are differentially effective in treating the obsessive-compulsive and core symptoms in autistic disorder. Biological links between compulsions and stereotyped, repetitive behaviors in autistic disorder should be explored.
authors.affiliation: Child Psychiatry Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rapoport
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Hamburger
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: State
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mannheim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000786:Anger / Q000187:drug effects; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002997:Clomipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003192:Compulsive Behavior / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D003891:Desipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010919:Placebos; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D002997:Clomipramine; D003891:Desipramine