title: Markers of procoagulant imbalance in patients with inherited thrombophilic syndromes.
abstract: In 107 asymptomatic and untreated patients with inherited syndromes associated with thrombophilia (antithrombin III, protein C and protein S deficiencies), we compared in parallel two plasma peptides which reflect activation of the common coagulation pathway: the prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2) and fibrinopeptide A (FPA). Both F1 + 2 and FPA were measured with simple, commercially available ELISA methods. High levels of F1 + 2 or FPA were found in about one fourth of the patients as a whole. When patients were divided according to the type of inherited thrombophilic syndrome, it appeared that F1 + 2 was more frequently elevated in protein C and protein S deficiencies than in antithrombin deficiency; and that, in general, it was no more frequently elevated than FPA. Although our data confirm the existence of a procoagulant imbalance in inherited thrombophilic syndromes due to defects of natural anticoagulant proteins, they do not confirm that such imbalance can be more frequently diagnosed by measuring F1 + 2 levels, particularly in patients with antithrombin deficiency.
authors.affiliation: A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS Maggiore Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Mannucci
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tripodi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bottasso
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baudo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Finazzi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Stefano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palareti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manotti
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mazzucconi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Castaman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020152:Antithrombin III Deficiency; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000172:deficiency*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005344:Fibrinopeptide A / Q000378:metabolism*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000172:deficiency; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism*; D020151:Protein C Deficiency; D017293:Protein S; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013577:Syndrome; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D017293:Protein S; C045879:prothrombin fragment 1.2; D005344:Fibrinopeptide A; D011516:Prothrombin