title: The early memories procedure: a projective test of autobiographical memory, Part 1.
abstract: This article introduces the Early Memories Procedure (EMP), the first projective test of autobiographical memory. The EMP requires minimal one-on-one professional time, because it is a self-administered pencil-and-paper test. Part 1 of the EMP includes five spontaneous early childhood memories (EMs) and one particularly clear or important memory (lifetime); Part 2 contains 15 directed memories, including both EMs and more recent memories. The procedure is intended to be used after intake by new clients, because it provides the clinician with an opportunity to explore client problem areas with a minimum of face-to-face time. The experiential aspect of the procedure helps to reduce the initial anxiety and confusion experienced by novice therapy clients by providing a lesson regarding what some of the more important aspects of therapy are about: understanding the self and its needs, taking responsibility, and making changes consistent with one's needs and goals. Due to its length, the article is divided in half, and each half is published separately. Part 1 introduces the EMP and provides a rationale for its use. Part 2 illustrates how EMs can be interpreted with the cognitive-perceptual model and presents a full EMP protocol and interpretation.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bruhn
mesh_terms: D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D005619:Freudian Theory; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D011939:Mental Recall; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010553:Personality Development; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D011386:Projective Techniques / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D012153:Retention, Psychology