title: Estradiol gel in the treatment of menopausal symptoms: a placebo-controlled double-blind case study of efficacy and safety.
abstract: Thirty-nine postmenopausal women were randomized to treatment with either percutaneous estradiol or a placebo. Those taking the estradiol had an increase in serum estradiol to follicular phase levels and a concomitant fall in serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Atrophic vaginal epithelium became well estrogenized, and the frequency and severity of hot flushes decreased significantly. No significant benefits accrued to those using the placebo. Side effects were mild and similar in both groups. Percutaneous estradiol delivered in an alcohol-water gel is effective in treating climacteric symptoms and is an attractive alternative to both oral and transdermal patch administration of estrogen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kornafel
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: March
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D004958:Estradiol; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone