title: Transesophageal echocardiography and the intraoperative management of pediatric congenital heart disease: initial experience with a pediatric esophageal 2D color flow echocardiographic probe.
abstract: Intraoperative color Doppler transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed in 26 patients undergoing corrective or palliative surgery for congenital heart disease. Age ranged from 1 day to 15 years, and body weight ranged from 2.9 to 42 kg. Objectives of the study were to determine the smallest infant in whom the pediatric probe could be used safely, additional diagnostic value, and it role in the intraoperative assessment of the surgical repair. The insertion of the pediatric probe was possible in all 26 patients. The smallest infant in this series was a newborn weighing 2.9 kg. Excellent correlation was obtained with preoperative transthoracic echocardiographic findings and operative findings. Assessment of the surgical repair was obtained in the immediate postcardiopulmonary bypass period. No short-term complications occurred in this series. Intraoperative color Doppler TEE provided a detailed and accurate assessment of the morphology, the function of the heart, and altered the management of at least two patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, NY.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Calalang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alexson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004694:Endocardial Cushion Defects / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004947:Esophagus; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006343:Heart Septal Defects / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011300:Preoperative Care