title: Macrophage tropism determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vivo.
abstract: Strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 differ in their abilities to infect and replicate in primary human macrophages. Chimeric clones were constructed from a provirus unable to infect macrophages (NLHX) and envelope sequences (V3 loop) of viruses derived without cultivation from brain (YU2 and w1-1c1) or spleen (w2-1b4) tissues. The substituted V3 loop sequences in each case were sufficient to confer upon NLHX the ability to infect macrophages. Furthermore, an envelope domain immediately N terminal to the V3 loop also was found to modulate the level of replication in macrophages. These results demonstrate that an envelope determinant derived directly from patients with AIDS confers HIV-1 tropism for macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Westervelt
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Trowbridge
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Blumberg
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ratner
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D046508:Culture Techniques; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000502:physiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000502:physiology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments