title: Hyperoxia-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling in immature rats.
abstract: We exposed 21-day-old rats to either normoxia or hyperoxia (greater than 95% O2) for 8 days and assessed in vivo airway responsiveness to aerosolized and intravenous methacholine (MCh) and airway architecture. Airway responsiveness was determined using a plethysmographic method. Hyperoxia increased airway cholinergic responsiveness, as reflected in a decreased mean ED200 (concentration of MCh required to increase respiratory system resistance by 100%) for both aerosolized MCh [air exposed, 5.94 +/- 2.50 vs. O2 exposed, 0.29 +/- 3.34 (SD) mg/ml, P = 0.0013, unpaired t test] and intravenous MCh (air, 1.40 x 10(-8) vs. O2, 2.45 x 10(-10) mol/kg, P = 0.0002). Airway morphometry was studied in a separate cohort of animals. After fixation by distension with Formalin at 25 cmH2O pressure, each airway cross section was photographed, and airway circumference, epithelial area, and smooth muscle layer area were determined by means of contour tracing using a digitizing pad and microcomputer. For the small airways (circumference less than 1,000 microns), hyperoxia increased both mean epithelial thickness (air, 4.88 +/- 0.53; O2, 8.64 +/- 0.90 microns) and mean smooth muscle layer thickness (air, 2.69 +/- 0.11; O2, 4.79 +/- 0.56 microns; P less than 0.0001 for each). O2 had similar effects on the larger (1,000-3,000 microns) central airways (P less than 0.0001 for both layers). We conclude that chronic hyperoxic exposure induces both airway hyperresponsiveness and airway wall thickening in immature rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637-1470.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hershenson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aghili
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Punjabi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garland
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glagov
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Solway
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D010100:Oxygen