A strategy for delivering peptides into the central nervous system by sequential metabolism.
Most peptides do not enter the central nervous system because of their hydrophilic character and the presence of peptidolytic enzymes in the lipoidal blood-brain barrier. To achieve brain delivery of a peptide conjugate, an opioid peptide (enkephalin) was placed in a molecular environment that disguises its peptide nature and provides biolabile, lipophilic functions to penetrate the blood-brain barrier by passive transport. The strategy also incorporates a 1,4-dihydrotrigonellinate targetor that undergoes an enzymatically mediated oxidation to a hydrophilic, membrane-impermeable trigonellinate salt. The polar targetorpeptide conjugate that is trapped behind the lipoidal blood-brain barrier is deposited in the central nervous system. Analgesia was observed with "packaged" enkephalin but not with the unmodified peptide or lipophilic peptide precursors.
Bodor
N
N
Center for Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, J. Hillis Miller Health Center, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
Prokai
L
L
Wu
W M
WM
Farag
H
H
Jonalagadda
S
S
Kawamura
M
M
Simpkins
J
J
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000626:Aminopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D016308:Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012995:Solubility
D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D010455:Peptides; D011355:Prodrugs; D009249:NADP; D016308:Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; D000626:Aminopeptidases