title: A nonlinear numerical model of percutaneous drug absorption.
abstract: A nonlinear mathematical model developed by Chandrasekaran et al. is examined to monitor pharmacokinetic profiles in percutaneous drug absorption and is addressed to several associated problems that could occur in the data analysis of in vitro experiments. The formulation of the model gives rise to a nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) of parabolic type, and a family of finite-difference methods is developed for the numerical solution of the associated initial/boundary-value problem. The value given to a parameter in this family determines the stability properties of the resulting method and whether the solution is obtained explicitly or implicitly. In the case of implicit members of the family it is seen that the solution of the nonlinear PDE is obtained by solving a linear algebraic system, the coefficient matrix of which is tridiagonal. The behaviors of two methods of the family are examined in a series of numerical experiments. Numerical differentiation and integration procedures are combined to monitor the cumulative amount of drug eliminated into the receptor cell per unit area as time increases. It is found that the use of the equation for the simple membrane model to estimate the permeability coefficient and lag time is warranted even if the system should be described by the dual-sorption model, provided cumulative amount versus time data collected for a sufficiently long time are used. However, being different from the behavior in the simple membrane model, the lag time, which can be estimated in this way, is dose-dependent and decreases with increasing donor cell concentration. On the other hand, the permeability coefficient in the dual-sorption model remains constant irrespective of the donor cell concentrations as in the simple membrane model.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, National Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Twizell
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008433:Mathematics; D008954:Models, Biological; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D012601:Scopolamine