title: Early appearance of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) antigen and antibodies as variables in evaluating antiviral drugs in macaques.
abstract: SIV infection in macaques has become an important animal model for HIV-1 infection in humans. An antibody assay was therefore developed and compared to a commercially available antigen assay with respect to their usefulness to monitor the course of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in cynomolgus monkeys. A peptide, JB6T, consisting of 21 amino acids with the sequence NSWGCAFRQVCHTTVPWVNDS corresponding to a segment in the env protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2 was used as antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). JB6T was found to detect IgG and IgM antibodies to viral antigens with high specificity. The earliest anti-SIV IgM antibodies were detected at days 13-16, with a maximum at day 20 and subsequently the levels fell. Specific IgG antibody levels increased at day 16-20 after SIV infection and reached a plateau at day 60. The commercially available HIV-1 p24/26 antigen test could, due to cross-reactivity, be employed to detect SIV antigen delay, peak and duration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ljungdahl-Ståhle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trojnar
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oberg
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wahren
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004341:Drug Evaluation / Q000379:methods*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D017245:Foscarnet; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000276:immunology; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015166:Monitoring, Immunologic / Q000379:methods; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015488:HIV Antigens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C059763:env protein gp36, Human immunodeficiency virus; D017245:Foscarnet; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid