title: Pseudomonas infections in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
abstract: Thirteen bacteremias and 25 nonbacteremic infections caused by Pseudomonas spp. occurred in 22 of 236 children with human immunodeficiency virus infection with a rate of infection of 0.098 (bacteremia, 0.030) per patient year. Four patients were neutropenic (less than 500/microliters). Central venous catheter (CVC)-related infections were most frequent (n = 20) followed by otitis externa (n = 6) and pneumonia (n = 5). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate and caused both CVC-related and CVC-unrelated infections, whereas other Pseudomonas spp. and Xanthomonas maltophilia were almost exclusively associated with CVC-related infections. The children who received appropriate therapy had a favorable outcome. In 7 CVC-related infections (35%) the catheter was removed. Pseudomonas spp. are of increasing importance in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children causing significant morbidity and increased hospitalization. These infections may be life-threatening if appropriate therapy is not vigorously initiated.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roilides
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Husson
authors.forename: B U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Pizzo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014974:Xanthomonas