title: Methylphenidate and seizure frequency in brain injured patients with seizure disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychostimulant drugs such as methylphenidate are increasingly being used in patients with traumatic brain injury or other brain injuries for a variety of cognitive and behavioral problems. However, there is some reluctance among clinicians and family members to use methylphenidate in brain injured patients because of warnings of seizure occurrence, which are prominently reported by the product labeling included in the Physicians' Desk Reference.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively studied the use of methylphenidate in 30 consecutive patients with active seizure disorders. We compared the seizure frequency in the 3 months before and after methylphenidate with the seizure frequency during methylphenidate treatment, using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the findings demonstrated a trend toward a lesser incidence of seizures in patients during methylphenidate treatment. Only 4 patients had greater seizure frequency during methylphenidate treatment, and 3 of these 4 were receiving tricyclic antidepressants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Methylphenidate can be safely used in brain injured patients, even those at high risk for seizures, as it was associated with a trend toward reduction (rather than increase) in seizure frequency in this population.
authors.affiliation: Greenery Rehabilitation Center, Boston, MA 02135.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Wroblewski
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Leary
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Phelan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Whyte
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Manning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000075202:Contraindications; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D008774:Methylphenidate