title: Comparison of the pressor effect of tyramine after treatment with phenelzine and moclobemide in healthy male volunteers.
abstract: This study was conducted to establish the safety, tolerability, side effects, and pressor effects of tyramine on subjects treated with moclobemide, a short-acting reversible and preferential monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and to compare these responses with the responses of subjects treated with phenelzine. Twelve healthy male volunteers participated. An oral tyramine sensitivity test was performed on all subjects 24 hours before the start of a 28-day open-label treatment with phenelzine or moclobemide. A tyramine challenge was performed on day 28 on four subjects treated with phenelzine. The mean dose of oral tyramine required to increase systolic blood pressure by 30 mm Hg was 15 mg. The mean dose of tyramine that produced a clinical response (day 28) in subjects treated with moclobemide was 240 mg. No subject receiving moclobemide responded clinically on day 31 after receiving hourly doses of 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg, respectively. These findings suggest that moclobemide may be used without stringent dietary precautions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Pennsylvania 19129.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gratz
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001549:Benzamides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020912:Moclobemide; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010624:Phenelzine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011311:Pressoreceptors / Q000187:drug effects; D014439:Tyramine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D010624:Phenelzine; D020912:Moclobemide; D014439:Tyramine