title: Synthesis and biological activity of acyclic analogues of 5,10-dideaza-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid.
abstract: The synthesis and biological evaluation of a number of analogues of N-[4-[4-(2,4-diamino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-5-pyrimidyl) butyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid (2) (7-DM-DDATHF), an acyclic modification of the novel folate antimetabolite 5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolic acid (DDATHF), are described. The synthetic procedure utilized previously for the synthesis of 2, 15, and 16 was extended to the preparation of analogues modified in the benzoyl region with thiophene and methylene groups replacing the benzene ring (compounds 27a-c) and in the glutamate region with aspartic acid and phenylalanine replacing L-glutamic acid (compounds 36, 37). The 2-amino-4,6-dioxo derivative 33 was obtained from intermediate 30 via a palladium-catalyzed carbon-carbon coupling reaction with diethyl (4-iodobenzoyl)-L-glutamate, followed by reduction and removal of protecting groups with base. Cell culture cytotoxicity studies of all of the above acyclic analogues of DDATHF against CCRF-CEM human lymphoblastic leukemic cells gave IC50s ranging from 0.042 greater than 48 microM. Inhibition and cell culture reversal studies against isolated enzymes suggest the mode of action of these compounds. Compound 2 was only 3-fold less inhibitory toward glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT, isolated from L1210 leukemic cells) than DDATHF itself. These acyclic analogues were less efficient substrates for the enzyme folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) compared with their bicyclic counterparts. Moderate antitumor activity was observed for compound 2 against 6C3HED lymphosarcoma and C3H mammary adenocarcinoma in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Gossett
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Worzalla
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rinzel
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Grindey
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013763:Tetrahydrofolates / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D013763:Tetrahydrofolates; C045894:lometrexol