title: Heterotopic pregnancy associated with gamete intra-fallopian transfer.
abstract: Recent reports in the literature have focused on the increased risk of heterotopic pregnancy after the transfer of multiple concepti or oocytes. In an international collaborative patient registry between 1985 and 1989, 601 clinical pregnancies resulted from 2092 gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT) retrieval cycles. Five of the pregnancies were heterotopic (0.83%). After surgical intervention, all five cases of combined gestation resulted in live birth from intrauterine pregnancies. Routine vaginal ultrasonographic examination of the adnexa in patients who conceive after GIFT may help early diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy. If the diagnosis is made early, conservative treatment may preserve the future fecundity of the patient and more intrauterine pregnancies may be salvaged.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine.
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Balmaceda
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zouves
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cittadini
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Asch
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D015181:Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011274:Pregnancy, Tubal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors