title: Conjoined twins: medical, surgical and ethical challenges.
abstract: Four sets of conjoined twins were reviewed. One set was of the omphalopagus type with no associated abnormalities and were successfully separated at 12 days of age. The other three were of the thoracoomphalopagus type with major cardiac and other abnormalities, they were not amenable to surgery and did not survive. Conjoined twins require precise clinical and radiological evaluation. Many factors contribute to the management of such twins and ethical issues must be considered before surgical separation is undertaken.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rejjal
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Nazer
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Abu-Osba
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rifai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D014428:Twins, Conjoined / Q000601:surgery*