title: Free nipple graft reduction mammoplasty.
abstract: Free nipple graft reduction mammoplasty is the procedure of choice in patients with massive breast hypertrophy, or those high-risk patients less able to undergo a more extensive procedure. A major criticism of the technique is that it creates a flat, boxy breast that lacks projection. A technical modification of free nipple graft reduction mammoplasty is presented. In this modification, a central, bulky, superiorly based dermal-parenchymal flap extending from the "key-hole" site to the superior aspect of the areola is designed. After tailoring, this central flap is folded superiorly and secured beneath the medial and lateral flaps to create the bulk of the breast mound. This central flap can be accurately tailored to achieve the desired breast size and projection. The medial and lateral breast flaps do not create the breast mound, and are only contoured over the top of this central flap to complement the final breast form.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Francel
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hoopes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001940:Breast / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009558:Nipples / Q000637:transplantation*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods