title: The patellar tendon-bearing brace as treatment for neurotrophic arthropathy: a dynamic force monitoring study.
abstract: The effects of shoe wear, custom-made inserts, patellar tendon-bearing (PTB) braces, and extra-padded PTB braces on load transmission to neuroarthropathic (Charcot) feet of six diabetic patients were assessed. A PTB brace with a free ankle and an extradepth shoe without external modifications was used. Four distinct anatomical regions were evaluated by an in-shoe technique measuring vertical force. The mean peak force transmitted to the entire foot was higher in the affected than in the unaffected extremity barefoot and shod. The mean peak forces under the midfoot were higher for the affected than for the unaffected extremity for all tested circumstances. In the affected foot, use of the standard PTB brace reduced mean peak force to the entire foot by 15%. Adding extra padding to the brace decreased the mean peak force 32%. The effect of padding on vertical load transmission was greatest for patients who had worn the brace the longest. For the patients who had worn it longer than average, the addition of padding decreased the mean peak force to the entire foot by 19%, to the hindfoot by 37%, and to the midfoot by 20%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this preliminary study, we found that a properly fitted PTB brace can reduce load transmission to the Charcot foot. Specifically, load transmission was reduced to the hindfoot, but not to the midfoot or forefoot. Based on these results, we cannot recommend its use to reduce vertical force transmission to the Charcot midfoot or forefoot. Long-term PTB brace use, especially in the limited weight-bearing patient, should be regularly adjusted to ensure adequate brace fit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Saltzman
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Donnelly
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001177:Arthropathy, Neurogenic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001915:Braces; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010329:Patella; D012775:Shoes; D013710:Tendons; D016474:Weight-Bearing