title: Endoscopic esophageal variceal sclerotherapy using 3% aqueous phenol.
abstract: Endoscopic esophageal variceal sclerotherapy was performed in 301 patients with portal hypertension (emergency, 72 and elective, 229) using 3% aqueous phenol as sclerosant. The cause of portal hypertension was cirrhosis of the liver in 189 patients (Child's class A-48, B-66, and C-75), extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) in 90, and non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis in 22 patients. In the emergency group, active bleeding was controlled in 87% of cases. Re-bleeding occurred in 101 of 290 (35%) surviving patients. Obliteration of varices was achieved in 228 (84%) patients, with a mean of 5.14 +/- 2.27 sclerotherapy sessions. Of 301 patients, 29 (9.6%) had an early in-hospital mortality (30.5% in emergency and 3% in elective group), with 16 deaths due to variceal bleeding. Of the remaining 272 patients, 40 (15%) died during follow-up, of which only 11 died of variceal bleeding. Complications, such as superficial ulcers, dysphagia, and strictures, were observed in 14%, 7% of emergency, and 3% of elective patients. None of the patients developed systemic toxicity. In conclusion, 3% aqueous phenol is an effective, safe, and economical sclerosant for esophageal variceal sclerotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Gastroenterology, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Parel, Bombay, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Supe
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Plumber
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Pipalia
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bhalerao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004630:Emergencies; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D019800:Phenol; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D019800:Phenol