title: KBM-3, an in vitro model of human acute myelomonocytic leukemia.
abstract: A human acute myelomonocytic leukemia cell line, KBM-3, was developed to study the pathophysiology of human acute myeloid leukemia. This cell line was characterized by morphology, immunophenotype, Giemsa-banding pattern, in vitro proliferation capacity, and tumorigenicity in nude mice. The KBM-3 cell line was established in the presence of exogenous lymphokines (human placenta-conditioned medium, HPCM), but medium for later passages did not contain HPCM. We found high cellular expression of the mRNA message for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which we suggest may be important for the immortalization of the cell line. KBM-3 cells have an immature myelomonocytic phenotype. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a pseudodiploid karyotype with five characteristic marker chromosomes and ranging in total number from 45 to 49. In suspension cultures, the cells had a doubling time of 23 h and a cloning efficiency of about 30% in soft agar independent of exogenous lymphokines. Two-thirds of nude mice injected with 1 x 10(4) KBM-3 cells and all animals injected with 1 x 10(5) cells developed S.C. granulocytic sarcomas within 6-8 weeks. These tumors were locally invasive but did not give rise to distant metastases. When transplanted to a new set of nude mice, all tumors formed secondary sarcomas at the site of implant. We conclude that the KBM-3 cell line may have value for studying the molecular events that underlie the neoplastic transformation in human myeloid leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: U S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Bergerheim
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Childs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beran
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arden
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pathak
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Siciliano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ost
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D007621:Karyotyping; D015479:Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000556:secondary; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor