title: Comparison of the efficacy and safety of ketorolac and meperidine in the relief of dental pain.
abstract: A single-dose, randomized, double-blind study of parallel design was conducted to determine the analgesic efficacy and safety of ketorolac tromethamine in patients who experience moderate or severe pain after the surgical removal of three or more third molars, one of which was a bony-impacted mandibular molar. Meperidine hydrochloride was used as the control analgesic. In this 8-hour study, assessments were made of pain intensity, pain relief, and overall rating of the medication in 145 patients, each of whom had received an intramuscular injection of 10 mg, 30 mg, or 90 mg of ketorolac, or 50 mg or 100 mg of meperidine. The summed pain intensity and total pain relief scores showed that, at 3 and 8 hours, the effectiveness of 30 mg of ketorolac was similar to that of 90 mg ketorolac and that both of these doses were significantly more efficacious than 10-mg ketorolac, 50-mg meperidine, or 100-mg meperidine. Patients who received 30 mg or 90 mg of ketorolac gave the study medication significantly higher ratings overall than did patients who received 50 mg or 100 mg of meperidine. Significantly fewer patients treated with ketorolac reported adverse events in comparison with those treated with meperidine (17% and 59%, respectively), which suggests that it possesses a better therapeutic index than meperidine. Thus, ketorolac appears to represent an important advance in analgesic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Austin Oral Surgical Associates, Texas.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fricke
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Angelocci
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McHugh
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bynum
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Yee
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008964:Molar, Third; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014046:Tolmetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery; D014325:Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D014325:Tromethamine; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D008614:Meperidine; D014046:Tolmetin