Mucosal T cell distribution during infection with respiratory syncytial virus.
Groups of 12-week-old Balb/c mice were inoculated intranasally with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and sacrificed at regular intervals after infection. T lymphocyte subset distribution was determined in lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), peripheral blood, and spleen by means of flow cytometry employing monoclonal antibodies against the T cell membrane antigens Thy1.2 (pan-T), Ly2 (CD8), and L3T4 (CD4). Thy1.2+ cells increased in the lung from 35.4% of total lymphocytes before infection to 47.6% on day 7 after infection. This increase was largely accounted for by an increase in Ly2+ cells, which manifested a rise from 7.8% preinfection to 19.8% on day 7. The level of L3T4+ cells remained constant (27.9% preinfection vs. 25.2% on day 7). The L3T4+/Ly2+ ratio in the lungs reached a nadir 7 days post infection (1.5 vs. 3.5 before infection). The total cell count in BAL increased more than tenfold during the first week after infection. At the same time Thy1.2+ cells in the BAL increased from 41.1% of total lymphocytes on day 1 to 85.3% on day 7. Ly2+ influx was the most important (5.8% on day 1 vs. 41.1% on day 7). L3T4+ cell levels increased from 17.2% on day 1 to 40.1% on day 7. RSV-specific lymphocyte transformation was observed in BAL and blood but not in the lung tissue and spleen on day 7 postinfection. The disappearance of infectious virus in the lung correlated directly to the peak appearance of Ly2+ T cells in the lung tissue and BAL.
Kimpen
J L
JL
School of Medicine, State University of New York, Department of Pediatrics, Buffalo.
Rich
G A
GA
Mohar
C K
CK
Ogra
P L
PL
D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D002452:Cell Count; D005260:Female; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000276:immunology*; D010253:Respirovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay