title: Skin damage associated with the Norplant contraceptive.
abstract: Three cases of localized skin reaction in the first month after implantation of the Norplant contraceptive resulted in a partial implant expulsion and removal in one patient, and implant removal in another. Clinical evidence of infection was absent in all patients. While lidocaine with epinephrine was used in all three patients, the cause for these skin reactions remains unclear. Physicians should be alerted to the possibility of significant skin reactions associated with this procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina 27858-4354.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Zuber
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: DeWitt
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Patton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000009:adverse effects; D001768:Blister / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008012:Lidocaine; D008722:Methods; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine