title: Beyond cold cardioplegia.
abstract: One hundred fifteen consecutive patients were operated on for myocardial revascularization or valvular disease or both with continuous antegrade and retrograde aerobic warm (37 degrees C) blood cardioplegia. Mean cross-clamp time was 56.3 +/- 21 minutes (+/- standard deviation). Mean reperfusion time was 18.4 +/- 11.8 minutes (range, 5 to 81 minutes). Five patients (4.3%) died, and 15 (13%) needed inotropic support. Two (1.7%) required intraaortic balloon support. Two patients (1.7%) had evidence of perioperative myocardial infarction, and 98 (85%) returned spontaneously to normal sinus rhythm. Sixteen patients had a cross-clamp time greater than 80 minutes. All 16 of them had an uneventful postoperative course except for 1 patient who required inotropic drugs. This method of myocardial protection is now used for all open heart procedures in our institution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hopital Europeen de Paris La Roseraie, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lessana
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Houerou
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jegier
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palsky
authors.forename: H Q
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Belli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carbone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000332:Aerobiosis; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001831:Body Temperature; D002302:Cardiac Output; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000209:etiology; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007423:Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions