title: Spectral identification of the electrochromically active carotenoids of Rhodobacter sphaeroides in chromatophores and reconstituted liposomes.
abstract: Reaction centers with both light harvesting complexes I and II (B875 and B800/850; i.e., RCLHILHII complexes) have been isolated from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. These complexes have been incorporated into liposomes made from lipids purified from Escherichia coli. The electrochromic bandshift of carotenoids, present in these reconstituted complexes, shows shifted minima and maxima with respect to a similar spectrum in chromatophores of Rb. sphaeroides in a potassium diffusion potential induced difference spectrum (see also Crielaard, W., Hellingwerf, K.J. and Konings, W.N. (1989) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 973, 205-211). The absorbance spectrum, at room temperature or at 77 K, of both membrane preparations did not, however, reveal differences in the carotenoid region. The long-wavelength carotenoid peak in both preparations is located at 513 nm (77 K). A small difference could be observed between the 77 K excitation spectra of the B850 fluorescence. Reconstituted complexes show a carotenoid peak at 513 nm, whereas in chromatophores this peak is located at 514.5 nm. When fluorescence was recorded at 805 nm, to detect B800 excitation, there was a marked difference between both preparations. In liposomes the long wavelength B800-associated carotenoid peak is located at 512.5 nm, whereas in chromatophores this peak is located at 516 nm. These results explain the shifted minima and maxima in a potassium diffusion induced difference spectrum in proteoliposomes. The prediction of two carotenoid pools in chromatophores (De Grooth, B.G. and Amesz, J. (1977) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 462, 247-258) is confirmed, and the field sensitive carotenoids are identified as the pool that is associated with the B800 band (Kramer, H.J.M., Van Grondelle, R., Hunter, C.N., Westerhuis, W.H.J. and Amesz, J. (1984) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 765, 156-165).
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Groningen, Haren, Netherlands.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Crielaard
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: van Mourik
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Grondelle
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Konings
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hellingwerf
mesh_terms: D020130:Bacterial Chromatophores / Q000737:chemistry*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D012242:Rhodobacter sphaeroides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D002338:Carotenoids