title: Histochemistry of the triceps surae muscle in idiopathic congenital clubfoot.
abstract: The histochemical composition of the triceps surae muscle was investigated in 13 previously unoperated children (age 9-24 months) with unilateral idiopathic clubfoot. On both the normal and the affected side, the percentage of type I fibers was significantly higher than that of the other fiber types. The muscle biopsies from the clubfoot side showed an increase in their connective tissue content. The affected side showed a nonsignificant higher percentage of type I fibers, whereas the average capillary density and capillary to fiber ratio were significantly lower.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital for Sick Children, London, England.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maffulli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Capasso
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Borrelli
mesh_terms: D003025:Clubfoot / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000473:pathology*