Prostaglandins A and J arrest the cell cycle of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells without suppression of c-myc expression.
The effects of prostaglandins (PGs) A and J, which are anti-tumor eicosanoids, on the proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells were investigated. Serum-stimulated DNA synthesis was potently inhibited by PGA1, PGA2, PGJ2, and delta 12-PGJ2 in similar dose-dependent fashions. The effects of PGA1 and PGA2 were reversible when they were removed from the culture media, whereas recoveries were only partial in the cells treated with PGJ2 and delta 12-PGJ2. PGs were effective even if they were added immediately before entry into S phase. Inhibition of DNA synthesis was sustained when hydroxyurea, which blocks cell cycle at the G1/S border, was added after the removal of PGA2, and vice versa; PGs blocked DNA synthesis when they were added after the removal of hydroxyurea. Levels of c-myc mRNA formed two peaks during the G1 phase, at 1-2 h and at 8-12 h. The PGs did not affect the first elevation, but enhanced the second and sustained it up to 18-24 h, whereas in controls, c-myc mRNA decreased quickly after entry into S phase. The rate of degradation of c-myc mRNA was much smaller in PG-treated cells than in nontreated cells. We conclude, therefore, that PGA and PGJ inhibit a crucial event(s) in the cell cycle occurring at the G1/S border, but that this inhibition is not accompanied by the reduction in c-myc gene expression in contrast with some types of tumor cells treated with PGs.
Sasaguri
T
T
Research Institute, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
Masuda
J
J
Shimokado
K
K
Yokota
T
T
Kosaka
C
C
Fujishima
M
M
Ogata
J
J
D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D016259:Genes, myc; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011454:Prostaglandins A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine
D011454:Prostaglandins A; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003609:Dactinomycin; C037112:9-deoxy-delta-9-prostaglandin D2; D015230:Prostaglandin D2; D006918:Hydroxyurea