title: Childhood deaths from intussusception in England and Wales, 1984-9.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the incidence of potentially avoidable factors contributing to death of children with intussusception.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of children who died with intussusception in England and Wales between 1984 and 1989 from data of the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, case notes, coroners' records, and necropsy reports.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unambiguous objective criteria such as failure to diagnose intussusception within 24 hours of admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  33 children died of acute intussusception in England and Wales between 1984 and 1989 compared with 67 in the previous six years. Their median age was 7 months (range 2 months to 12 years), and two thirds were boys. Half of the deaths occurred at home or soon after arrival at hospital but 15 patients had surgery. Potentially avoidable factors contributing to death were identified in 20 (61%) children, all but three of whom had ileocolic intussusception. These factors were excessive delay in diagnosis, inadequate intravenous fluid and antibiotic therapy, delay in recognising recurrent or residual intussusception after hydrostatic reduction, and surgical complications. Of the 13 patients in whom no avoidable factors were identified, there were nine of 11 children with isolated small bowel intussusception, who tended to have atypical presentations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the mortality from intussusception has declined, there remains ample opportunity for improved management.
authors.affiliation: Hospitals for Sick Children, London.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stringer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pledger
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Drake
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007077:Ileal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D007223:Infant; D007443:Intussusception / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology