title: Pregnancy enhances cardiotoxicity of cocaine: role of progesterone.
abstract: Contraction dynamics of isolated papillary heart muscles from nonpregnant, pregnant, and progesterone-treated nonpregnant Long Evans rats were studied during exposure to cocaine. With increasing cocaine concentrations from 10(-16) to 10(-4) M, papillary muscles from nonpregnant rats demonstrated a biphasic pattern of positive, then negative, inotropy. Only negative inotropy with increasing cocaine concentrations was observed in papillary muscles from pregnant and progesterone-treated nonpregnant rats. Papillary muscles from pregnant and progesterone-treated nonpregnant rats became nonfunctional at cocaine concentrations 1-4 orders of magnitude lower than those for nonpregnant rats. These findings demonstrate that pregnancy and progesterone treatment alter cocaine effects upon cardiac papillary muscle function and response patterns and shift the cocaine dose-function curve to the left when compared to the nonpregnant group. We conclude that pregnancy increases the direct cardiotoxicity to cocaine, and progesterone may be responsible for this enhanced cocaine toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, New York 14642.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Plessinger
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sherer
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D003042:Cocaine