title: Comparison of the effect of GIP and GLP-1 (7-36amide) on insulin release from rat pancreatic islets.
abstract: After ingestion of glucose both GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1(7-36amide) (glucagon-like polypeptide-1, 7-36amide) may play a physiological role in augmenting insulin release. Their insulinotropic effect was compared in isolated rat islets after 24-h maintenance in tissue culture (11 mmol l-1 glucose). Ten islets per vial were then incubated in Krebs-Ringer-Hepes buffer for 30 min; insulin was measured radioimmunologically. Both hormones were always compared in the same experiment. At 16.7 mmol l-1 glucose both GIP and GLP-1(7-36amide) 2 x 10(-10) mol l-1 significantly increased insulin release; 10(-10) mol l-1 of either hormone had no significant effect. The response at 10(-9) and 10(-8) mol l-1 was similar for both; at 4 x 10(-10) mol l-1 GLP-1(7-36amide), however, was clearly more effective than GIP. At low glucose (2.8 or 5.0 mol l-1) no significant differences were found. A concentration of 10(-8) mol l-1 of both hormones was slightly stimulatory. At 8.3 mmol l-1 glucose, 10(-9) mol l-1 GLP-1(7-36amide) was 60% more effective than GIP (4.8 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.0 +/- 0.4, n = 13, P less than 0.005), the response to 10(-8) mol l-1 was similar. These data show comparable effects of high concentrations of GIP and GLP-1(7-36amide) on glucose-induced insulin release; at presumably physiological concentrations, however, GLP-1(7-36amide) was clearly more effective. The combination of the two peptides was not more than additive, suggesting that they act via the same final mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University of Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Creutzfeldt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005934:Glucagon; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; C055453:glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36)amide; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon; D005947:Glucose