title: Fractures of the forearm resulting from low-velocity gunshot wounds.
abstract: Thirty-seven extraarticular fractures of the forearm resulting from low-velocity gunshot injuries were treated by cast immobilization or open reduction and internal fixation with dynamic compression plates. All patients received 72 h of intravenous antibiotics. There were 14 isolated ulna fractures, 17 isolated radius fractures, and six both-bone (radius and ulna) fractures. Cast immobilization was used in 22 of 23 nondisplaced or minimally displaced fractures and eight of 14 displaced fractures. The remaining seven fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. All fractures united within 16 weeks of injury regardless of the method of treatment. Poor clinical results related to the fracture occurred in six patients, five of whom were treated by cast immobilization. Fourteen patients had nerve palsies; eight resolved spontaneously and six had permanent neurologic deficits. There were two compartment syndromes and one ulnar artery transection. There were no infections. We conclude that displaced fractures of the radius, and both bone fractures, are best treated by open reduction and internal fixation. All patients should be closely monitored for 24 h for compartment syndrome, regardless of the fracture type or pattern. Early dynamic splinting is important when associated nerve injuries are present.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lenihan
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Brien
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gellman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Itamura
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kuschner
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002370:Casts, Surgical / Q000592:standards*; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011859:Radiography; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D014458:Ulna Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000150:complications*