title: Characterisation of ovine alveolar macrophages: regulation of surface antigen expression and cytokine production.
abstract: Regulation of ovine alveolar macrophage function by recombinant interferon gamma (rIFN gamma) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated. Ten units per millilitre of rIFN gamma increased surface expression of MHC class I and class II (DR alpha, DP alpha, and DQ alpha) molecules but not other surface antigens examined. The upregulation of MHC class II expression was specifically blocked by rIFN gamma specific monoclonal antibodies and determination of a dose/response curve established that the minimum concentration of rIFN gamma required for increased class II expression was 0.1 U ml-1 and for increased class I expression, 1 U ml-1. Northern blot analysis indicated that rIFN gamma mediated increases in surface MHC class I and class II expression were due to increased levels of specific mRNA. Using Northern blot analysis and homologous human cDNA probes we failed to detect mRNA encoding the cytokines IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and TNF alpha in RNA extracted from freshly isolated macrophages or macrophages cultured in medium alone. Exposure of macrophages to LPS increased production of all three cytokines although kinetics of upregulation varied. TNF alpha mRNA was induced to maximal levels within 1 h, declining thereafter. IL-1 alpha mRNA was detected at 1 h post stimulation with a maximal level at 5 h, but none at 24 h. In contrast, IL-1 beta mRNA was not detected until 5 h after stimulation with a low level remaining at 24 h. Dose response analysis indicated that LPS concentrations of 100 pg ml-1 induced detectable levels of TNF alpha mRNA while levels as low as 10 pg ml-1 induced secretion of bioactive IL-1. Analysis of the kinetics of secretion of bioactive IL-1 from LPS stimulated macrophages indicated that levels peaked at 24 h post stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Nash
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Barcham
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Brandon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015342:DNA Probes; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000032:analysis; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D016207:Cytokines; D015342:DNA Probes; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma