title: Long-term sequelae of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. A retrospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to prospectively assess the frequency and predictors of long-term sequelae of acute pelvic inflammatory disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective cohort study of 140 women admitted for treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease to San Francisco General Hospital in 1985, locating and interviewing 51 women by telephone a median of 37 months later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve (24%) women had pelvic pain for 6 months or more after hospitalization, 22 (43%) had subsequent episode(s) of pelvic inflammatory disease, and 40% were involuntarily infertile. A history of pelvic inflammatory disease prior to admission was associated with infertility (p = 0.05), chronic pelvic pain (p = 0.03), and pelvic inflammatory disease subsequent to hospitalization (p = 0.06). Longer duration of abdominopelvic pain before admission and younger age at the time of first sexual intercourse were associated with both infertility (p = 0.02, p = 0.04) and subsequent pelvic inflammatory disease (p = 0.04, p = 0.0008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further studies are needed to more accurately assess the incidence and predictors of long-term sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease. A reduction in adverse outcome will require more stringent efforts at education and reduction of risk-taking behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Safrin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schachter
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dahrouge
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Sweet
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003075:Coitus; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D010146:Pain; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010388:Pelvis; D012189:Retrospective Studies