title: Central European surgical training.
abstract: The opportunity and need for surgical training overseas changes with time. In the past, young surgeons in Australia and England completed their training with periods spent in the UK or USA respectively. Recent times have however seen a dramatic reduction in the numbers going abroad. This is in part due to concern about the ability to return to the domestic system in either Australia or the UK and in part due to a lack of knowledge about opportunities that exist not only in the English speaking medical community but also those on mainland Europe. We have been fortunate in having been able to work as members of the Department of Surgery in Rennes with Professor B. Launois (G. M.) and in Paris with Professor H. Bismuth (A. D.) and together in Berne Switzerland with Professor L. H. Blumgart. This experience has furthered our training in hepato-biliary surgery in non-English speaking environments. Supervisors and surgeons in training may wish to consider the possibility of additional experience in Europe rather than the UK or USA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Maddern
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dennison
mesh_terms: D003253:Consultants; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004501:Education, Medical; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D004739:England / Q000208:ethnology; D005602:France; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D007393:International Educational Exchange; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration; D008511:Medicine / Q000592:standards; D012106:Research / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D013021:South Australia / Q000208:ethnology; D013038:Specialization; D013557:Switzerland