title: Urinary calculi associated with solvent abuse.
abstract: We describe 3 cases of urinary calculi that developed during the course of long-term solvent abuse. The patients regularly sniffed a lacquer thinner (major component toluene) or a cement (xylene and cyclohexane) for 2 to 6 years before the development of urolithiasis. The occurrence of proteinuria and hematuria was closely related to solvent sniffing in 2 of the 3 patients. Regular, long-term solvent abuse must be included in the causes of urolithiasis, particularly in juveniles and young adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Yamanashi, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takezaki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012997:Solvents; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents