title: The effects of protein deficiency and fluoride on bone mineral content of rat tibia.
abstract: This study examined the effects of chronic protein deficiency and fluoride administration (10 mg/kg/day), separately or in combination, on rat tibia properties. Protein deficiency increased the bone fluoride concentration and reduced the bone mineral content (BMC) especially at the proximal or growing end which contains mainly cancellous bone. Fluoride administration also reduced BMC, but to a lesser extent, and it resulted in proximal tibia fluoride concentrations that were nearly twice those of the distal tibia. The interaction between fluoride administration and the protein content of the diet on BMC was nonsignificant, suggesting that the effects were additive, not multiplicative or synergistic. Fluoride administration, but not protein deficiency, increased bone magnesium levels. It is hypothesized that the reduction in BMC in the areas where the fluoride concentrations were the highest was due to a localized toxic effect of fluoride.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-1129.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Likimani
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Whitford
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kunkel
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005526:Food, Formulated; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D011488:Protein Deficiency / Q000150:complications*; D051381:Rats; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013977:Tibia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D008274:Magnesium; D005459:Fluorides; D002118:Calcium