title: Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in urine cell pellets from HIV-1-seropositive individuals.
abstract: Fresh urine pellets from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive individuals were examined for the presence of the HIV-1 genomic sequence and gene products. By using the polymerase chain reaction technique, HIV-1 DNA proviral sequences were detected in 53 of 80 (66.25%) fresh urine pellets from HIV-1-seropositive individuals, while urine pellets from all 24 healthy heterosexual controls were negative. HIV-1 RNA in urine pellets was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in 2 of 43 (4.7%) HIV-1-seropositive individuals. In addition, HIV-1 p24 core antigen was demonstrated in 3 of 80 urine pellets from HIV-1-seropositive individuals by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, HIV-1 p24 core antigen and HIV-1 RNA were shown in the cellular component of urine pellets from HIV-1-seropositive individuals by immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization. These results indicate that HIV-1 can be present in urine pellets from HIV-1-infected individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y Q
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Poiesz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zaumetzger-Abbot
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Friedman-Kien
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000652:urine; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral