title: An evaluation of cusum analysis and control charts applied to quantitative gamma-camera uniformity parameters for automated quality control.
abstract: Gamma-camera uniformity is often monitored for quality control of performance. Many parameters can be derived from computer analysis of the image of a uniform (flood) source to obtain quantitative measures of uniformity. However, it is not clear which best reflect changes in uniformity, or how action levels should be set. The latter are essential for an automated analysis. To compare the various parameters and assess two techniques used for their analysis, a series of technetium-99m flood images were obtained consecutively. After establishing a baseline from repeated images, uniformity was degraded by offsetting the pulse height analyser (PHA) window by a small amount. Nine non-uniformity parameters were calculated for each flood image, including the Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) and National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) integral and differential uniformities, the uniformity index and the percentage of pixels more than 5% from the mean. All parameters were calculated for both central field-of-view (CFOV) and useful field-of-view (UFOV). Eighty such trials were carried out on two gamma-cameras. The PHA offsets ranged from 1-10 keV. The two techniques used for analysis were the control chart and cusum analysis. Decision levels were set for each parameter, as multiples of SD for the control charts or by varying the dimensions of a truncated V-mask for cusum analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then used for an objective comparison of the parameters and of the analysis techniques. The area under the ROC curve was used to rank the parameters in order of sensitivity to change in uniformity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Physics Department, District General Hospital, Sunderland, UK.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D015902:Gamma Cameras / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D011786:Quality Control; D012372:ROC Curve; D013679:Technology, Radiologic