title: Fat, protein and carbohydrate content of diets of white insulin-dependent diabetic adolescents and young adults.
abstract: Dietary habits and serum cholesterol levels were surveyed in 39 young insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (mean age (+/- SD) 17.7 +/- 4.0 years, 21 females, 18 males). All had received the routine dietary advice that total carbohydrate, fat and protein consumption should constitute more than 45-50%, less than 30-35% and less than 20% respectively of total energy intake. Of the subjects 27 (69%) consumed more fat and 21 (54%) less carbohydrate than recommended. Fat consumption correlated positively with total energy (r = 0.747; P less than 0.00001) and negatively with carbohydrate intake (r = -0.757; P less than 0.00001), suggesting that restrictions placed on carbohydrate energy sources were offset by greater fat ingestion. Serum cholesterol exceeded the recommended ideal of 5.2 mmol/l in over half the subjects, and correlated positively with body mass index. Dietary advice to insulin-dependent diabetic patients must emphasise the freer consumption of unrefined carbohydrates, so as to reduce fat intake.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kalk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kruger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Slabbert
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Osler
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Raal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013019:South Africa; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins