title: Composition and flavor of milk and butter from cows fed unsaturated dietary fat and receiving bovine somatotropin.
abstract: Composition and flavor of milk and butter were evaluated from cows divided into four treatments including a control, control with bST, added dietary fat from sunflower seeds with bST, or added dietary fat from safflower seeds with bST. Feeding added unsaturated dietary fat resulted in lower concentrations of short-and medium-chain and higher concentrations of long-chain fatty acids in milk fat and butter. Milk fat unsaturated fatty acid concentrations were 25.0, 28.4, 39.6, and 37.9%, and butter unsaturated fatty acid concentrations were 23.0, 26.9, 37.8, and 36.2% for control, control with bST, sunflower seeds with bST, and safflower seeds with bST, respectively. Sensory evaluations indicated that butters from the bST with sunflower seed and bST with safflower seed treatments were equal or superior in flavor to the control butter. Milk from cows receiving bST or fed added unsaturated dietary fat and receiving bST was no more susceptible to oxidized off-flavors than control milk. Butters from sunflower seed and safflower seed treatments with bST contained higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids, were softer at 4 and 20 degrees C, and possessed acceptable flavor and processing characteristics compared with butters from control and control with bST.
authors.affiliation: Minnesota-South Dakota Dairy Foods Research Center, Dairy Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007-0647.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Stegeman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Baer
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schingoethe
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Casper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002079:Butter / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006368:Helianthus / Q000737:chemistry; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008892:Milk / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000592:standards; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D012450:Safflower Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D008055:Lipids; D008894:Milk Proteins; D012450:Safflower Oil; D002079:Butter; D013006:Growth Hormone