title: A pharmacokinetic and endoscopic comparison of an oral and an experimental buccal piroxicam formulation.
abstract: We compared the endoscopic effects and pharmacokinetic profiles of an experimental buccal formulation of piroxicam to oral capsules in an attempt to determine whether nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-induced gastropathy is due to a local or systemic effect. Ten healthy subjects received 20 mg piroxicam daily in a double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled study. Upper endoscopies were performed at the baseline and at the end of each 2-week dosing arm of the study. Pharmacokinetic data obtained included serum and gastric piroxicam concentrations and serum 5'-hydroxypiroxicam metabolite concentrations after the first dose and 2 weeks of dosing. No differences in endoscopy scores or patient symptom scores were noted between the two dosage forms after 2 weeks of dosing. Pharmacokinetic data of piroxicam and the metabolite revealed that the buccal formulation may not have been absorbed exclusively from the buccal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Rex
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Brater
mesh_terms: D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000737:chemistry; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000737:chemistry; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D010894:Piroxicam; C051024:5'-hydroxypiroxicam