title: Staphylococcus aureus and derived exotoxins induce nuclear factor kappa B-like activity in murine bone marrow macrophages.
abstract: Heat-killed gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus as well as S. aureus-derived exotoxins B and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 can induce nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B)-like activity in murine bone marrow macrophages. The induction of NF-kappa B-like activity in murine macrophages by S. aureus was as effective as induction by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and was observed in macrophages derived from LPS-sensitive and LPS-resistant mice. Stimulation of macrophages with S. aureus but not with the exotoxins resulted in the accumulation of TNF-alpha in the culture medium. The induction of NF-kappa B-like activity by S. aureus, however, clearly preceded TNF-alpha secretion and was not inhibited by a neutralizing serum against TNF-alpha. In addition, pretreatment of macrophages with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide or dexamethasone, which prevented the secretion of TNF-alpha from macrophages, did not interfere with the induction of NF-kappa B-like activity by S. aureus. This findings reveal the existence of bacterial components other than LPS which can induce NF-kappa B-like activity in susceptible cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Busam
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gieringer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freudenberg
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Hohmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000378:metabolism; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D018089:Superantigens; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018089:Superantigens; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C030107:enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal