title: Clinical pharmacokinetic studies of a human haemopoietic growth factor, GM-CSF.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) was studied following intravenous (i.v.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) bolus injection of rhGM-CSF, 8 micrograms kg-1 employing a sensitive radioimmunoassay. After a single i.v. bolus injection, an initial high serum level of rhGM-CSF was observed, followed by a rapid decrease that occurred in two phases with a half-life (t1/2) alpha of 20.0 +/- 5 min and a t1/2 beta of 68.3 +/- 8 min. Following s.c. bolus injection the absorption was more prolonged. Peak serum concentrations did not occur until about 15-20 h, and were followed by a more protracted elimination than by the i.v. route. In all patients the single rhGM-CSF injection led to an increase in peripheral white blood cells (WBC), after a temporary drop of 2-5 h duration. The increase in WBC was of longer duration after s.c. than after i.v. bolus treatment. Since the subcutaneous administration leads to prolonged serum concentration of rhGM-CSF and prolonged increase in peripheral WBC, it seems preferable to i.v. bolus injection, and as effective as continuous i.v. infusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hovgaard
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schifter
authors.forename: N I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Nissen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor