title: Physiotherapy intervention late after stroke and mobility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the intervention of a physiotherapist improved mobility in patients seen more than one year after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised crossover trial comparing two groups offered intervention by a physiotherapist, one immediately after entry into the trial and the other after a delay of three months. The intervention consisted of identifying problems and offering advice and help to solve the problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients' homes in Oxfordshire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had reduced mobility due to a stroke more than one year before entry; 60 were recruited from a community stroke register and 34 in other ways.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard measures of mobility including gait speed, functional ambulation categories, the Nottingham extended activities of daily living index, and individual items from the Barthel activities of daily living index and the Frenchay activities index. Measures of manual dexterity, depression, and anxiety were used as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  94 patients entered the trial and 49 were randomised to immediate and 45 to delayed physiotherapy; 89 were compared at the crossover point. At randomisation the two groups were comparable. At three months the group given early therapy showed an improvement in gait speed whereas the untreated group had declined (differences of -3.9 v 6.4 s to walk 10 m; p less than 0.01); between three and six months the group given delayed therapy showed improvement and the previously treated group declined (differences of 6.5 v -3.9 s to walk 10 m; p less than 0.01). A 9% (95% confidence interval 0% to 18%) decrease in time taken to walk 10 m was associated with treatment and a 12% (2% to 19%) increase when patients were untreated. Other measures did not change significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intervention of an experienced physiotherapist late after stroke specifically improves mobility, albeit by a small amount, but the effects do not seem to be maintained, perhaps because there is an underlying decline in mobility in these patients. Gait speed offers a simple and sensitive measure of outcome.
authors.affiliation: Rivermead Rehabilitation Centre, Oxford.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Wade
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Collen
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Robb
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Warlow
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome