title: Formoterol as dry powder inhalation. A dose finding study in comparison with formoterol metered dose inhaler and placebo.
abstract: We compared the bronchodilator effects and systemic tolerability of 12, 24 and 48 micrograms formoterol DP capsules with 12 micrograms formoterol MDI and placebo in 30 patients with reversible obstructive airway disease. Pulmonary function tests were done and pulse rate and blood pressure were recorded. We observed significant differences between all active substances vs placebo regarding peak effect, duration of effect and AUC value. No significant difference was observed between either 12 or 24 micrograms formoterol DP and 12 micrograms from MDI in all mentioned parameters. With 48 micrograms DP, increased peak effect, AUC and duration of effect were noted. Heart rate Holter monitoring showed a slightly more pronounced effect with 48 micrograms. We conclude that 12 to 24 micrograms formoterol DP capsules are equivalent to 12 micrograms of formoterol MDI regarding efficacy and tolerability, while 48 micrograms formoterol DP capsules cause more profound effects in bronchodilation and on the heart rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Diseases, De Wever Hospital, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Maesen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Costongs
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Smeets
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Zweers
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Goedhart
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004983:Ethanolamines; D011208:Powders; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate