title: A comparison of antimicrobial activity of ofloxacin, L-ofloxacin, and other oral agents for respiratory pathogens.
abstract: The attainable inhibitory ratios (AR) for oral antibiotics were calculated by using literature reports of concentrations attained in respiratory secretions for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMX/CA), ofloxacin (OFL), L-ofloxacin (L-OFL), cefuroxime (CEFU), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and enoxacin (ENO), and using microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration data of these antimicrobials against the common bacterial respiratory pathogens. AR of each antibiotic against the pathogens was expressed as multiples of the MICs achieved at the respiratory site. Bacteria tested included Staphylococcus aureus, group-A and group-B streptococci, Viridans streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Brahamella catarrhalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Eikenella corrodens, Haemophilus influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Legionella pneumophila. The antimicrobials with the narrowest spectrum of activity were amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime which had high attainable inhibitory ratios only against Gram-positive cocci. Ofloxacin and L-oflaxacin were among the quinolones with the highest overall ARs against respiratory pathogen, including, L. pneumophila, H. influenzae, and B. catarrhalis. All agents showed no, or inadequately low ARs for P. aeruginosa.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Institute, Jericho, New York.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cherubin
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Eng
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D002444:Cefuroxime / Q000494:pharmacology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002969:Clavulanic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D015365:Enoxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D002969:Clavulanic Acids; D015365:Enoxacin; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D000658:Amoxicillin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D002444:Cefuroxime