title: Long-term prognosis of infratentorial transient ischemic attacks and minor strokes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to gather information about long-term prognosis after infratentorial transient ischemic attacks and minor strokes and about the factors influencing it.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 226 patients with transient ischemia and 169 patients with a minor stroke of the brain stem/cerebellum consecutively admitted to a neurological department. Medical records and the findings of computed tomography, Doppler ultrasonography, and angiography were evaluated retrospectively. Follow-up information was gathered from the patients and their physicians by questionnaires. Complete follow-up information was available for 381 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a mean follow-up of 3.9 years, 15.7% of the 381 patients suffered a stroke and 6.8% a myocardial infarction; 15% died. Kaplan-Meier estimates revealed a cumulative stroke rate of 5.1% within the first year and a risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, or death of any cause of 9.8%. In a proportional hazards model, the time-dependent risk of stroke was significantly increased by increasing age (p = 0.018), minor stroke (p = 0.0005), hypertension (p = 0.022), previous stroke (p = 0.0006), and carotid artery occlusive disease (p = 0.0065). The probability of stroke, myocardial infarction, or death was influenced by age (p = 0.0001), minor stroke (p = 0.006), diabetes (p = 0.015), previous stroke (p = 0.002), infarct on a computed tomogram (p = 0.041), and carotid artery disease (p = 0.032).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term prognosis after brain stem/cerebellar transient ischemic attacks and minor strokes is significantly influenced by age, diabetes, hypertension, previous stroke, and concomitant carotid artery disease. Patients with transient ischemic attacks have a better prognosis than those with minor stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, FRG.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Hornig
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lammers
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Büttner
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dorndorf
mesh_terms: D002531:Cerebellum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography