title: Association between HIV infection and cervical neoplasia: implications for clinical care of women at risk for both conditions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Both AIDS and cervical neoplasia (CN) can result from sexual transmission of HIV infection and may affect similar groups of women. Available data on the association between AIDS and CN have practical implications for gynecological care. We review these data to provide an estimate of the magnitude of the association between CN and HIV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one studies were reviewed, including reports and abstracts published from January 1986 to July 1990. Of these, five included a comparison group and had sufficient data for inclusion in the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All five controlled studies reported a significant association between HIV infection and CN. One included women with both intraepithelial and invasive lesions; the other four considered women with intraepithelial lesions only. The summary odds ratio indicated that the odds of HIV-infected women having CN are 4.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.0-8.2) times that of HIV-negative women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Research is needed to clarify etiological relationships and the role of human papillomavirus in the causal pathway of the observed association. Meanwhile, available data are sufficient to encourage regular Papanicolaou's smear screening of HIV-infected women, and HIV testing and counseling of women with CN considered at risk for HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY 10021.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Mandelblatt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fahs
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Garibaldi
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Senie
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014626:Vaginal Smears