title: Ankle reconstruction for malunion by fibular osteotomy and lengthening with direct control of the distal fragment: a report of three cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Malunion of ankle fractures will lead to severe osteoarthritis when the architecture and mechanics of the talocrural joint are deranged. When fibular shortening is present, ankle reconstruction can be achieved by fibular lengthening and can provide an alternative to early arthrodesis for deformity and pain. Acceptable clinical and radiographic results can be achieved, provided that accurate reconstruction is achieved and intra-articular osteochondral injury is minimal. Restoration of fibular length, necessary for a good clinical result, can be estimated radiographically by the bimalleolar angle. We report three cases of ankle reconstruction by fibular lengthening with an average follow-up of 33 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lusskin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D001852:Bone Lengthening; D005260:Female; D005360:Fibula / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005599:Fractures, Ununited / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010027:Osteotomy; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular