title: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal calculi in children.
abstract: Fifteen children (8 male and 7 female) with an age range of 18 months to 15 years were treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) using the Siemens Lithostar. Two children had a history of metabolic stone disease and 1 child had previously undergone open stone surgery. Four children were treated with a ureteric stent in place and 1 nephrostomy was inserted before treatment. All children were treated under general anaesthesia and all of the stones treated were confined to the kidney and ranged in size from 5 mm to a complete staghorn. The number of treatments ranged from 1 to 6 and generator voltage ranged from 16 to 19 kV with a maximum number of 30,000 shocks to a complete staghorn. Complications were minimal, with 3 children presenting with colic, 1 child requiring a stent and none requiring a nephrostomy after treatment. The overall stone clearance rate at 3 months was 65%. ESWL provides an effective treatment for selected calculi in children. In the short term, complications are minimal but the long-term effects on children need to be monitored.
authors.affiliation: Lithotriptor Unit, Southmead Hospital, Bristol.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Mishriki
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Wills
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Feneley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome