title: Effect of cilofungin on phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Candida albicans by human neutrophils.
abstract: The effect of a beta glucan synthase inhibitor, cilofungin, amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine on opsonization, phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Candida albicans blastospores by glass-adherent human neutrophils was determined by microscopy and dye exclusion staining. Pretreatment of blastospores for 2, 4, 6 and 18 h with 1.25 mg/l cilofungin resulted in 24-28% of neutrophils ingesting compared to 24% with no drug present. There was no significant difference in the phagocytic index with increased incubation time. Percentage ingestion and phagocytic index values were not significantly different when blastospores were pretreated for 2 h in the presence of 3, 7, 15, 31 and 62 mg/l cilofungin. Comparable concentrations of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine gave similar results. In the absence of cilofungin, intracellular killing after 2 h was 54%. In the presence of 1 and 10 mg/l cilofungin, 85-90% of intracellular blastospores were killed. Therapeutic levels of amphotericin B or 5-fluorocytosine did not enhance intracellular killing. These data demonstrate the potentiation of intracellular killing of Candida albicans by neutrophils in the presence of cilofungin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Shankland
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D054714:Echinocandins; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008853:Microscopy; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D010455:Peptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D000666:Amphotericin B; C042101:cilofungin; D005437:Flucytosine