title: Clinical and pharmacological properties of ivermectin in rabbits and guinea pigs.
abstract: When 400 micrograms ivermectin/kg was administered subcutaneously to rabbits infected with the ear mite Psoroptes cuniculi it significantly reduced the clinical score, and when 500 micrograms ivermectin/kg was administered subcutaneously to guinea pigs with mange due to Trixacaurus caviae it resulted in a clinical cure. In rabbits a subcutaneous dose of 400 micrograms/kg produced high and sustained concentrations of ivermectin in the tissues and body fluids for at least 13 days and its rate of depletion from tissues was similar to that observed in sheep and rats. The mean (+/- sem) maximum concentration in plasma was 42.0 +/- 9.7 ng/ml 37.2 +/- 5.0 hours after administration and the area under the concentration-time curve was 3543 +/- 580 ng/ml hours. After the administration of 500 micrograms ivermectin/kg to guinea pigs orally, subcutaneously or topically the drug could be detected in the plasma only after subcutaneous administration. The mean concentration 72 hours after its administration to four guinea pigs was 0.7 +/- 0.3 ng/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, University of Glasgow Veterinary School, Bearsden.
authors.forename: Q A
authors.initials: QA
authors.lastname: McKellar
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Midgley
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Galbraith
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bradley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004431:Ear, External / Q000469:parasitology; D006168:Guinea Pigs / Q000378:metabolism*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008924:Mite Infestations / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D011817:Rabbits / Q000378:metabolism*; D012376:Rodent Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D007559:Ivermectin