Cocaine inhibits mating-induced, but not human chorionic gonadotropin-stimulated, ovulation in the rabbit.
The effects of cocaine on ovulation and corpus luteum function were investigated in New Zealand White rabbits. Forty females were randomly assigned to control and cocaine-treated groups. Controls were given vehicle s.c. daily for 5 days and cocaine-treated rabbits received 40 mg/kg cocaine hydrochloride s.c. daily for 5 days. One hour after the last cocaine dose, half the control and half of the cocaine-treated groups were mated with fertile males and the other half of each group received hCG i.v. Serial blood samples were obtained over 4 h on the day of mating or hCG treatment (Day 0), and then at intervals from Days 1-18. No mated, cocaine-treated rabbits ovulated, vs. 6 of 10 controls (chi-square: p = 0.01). In contrast, all animals given hCG had comparable numbers of corpora lutea (control: 7.1 +/- 0.8; cocaine: 5.7 +/- 0.8). Peak levels of benzoylecgonine (the major cocaine metabolite) occurred between 180 and 240 min after cocaine administration. In cocaine-treated animals that were mated, Day 0 serum LH (repeated measures MANOVA, p less than 0.01) and FSH (p less than 0.03) concentrations were lower than those in pregnant controls. Serum LH and FSH levels for all hCG recipients (cocaine-treated and control) did not differ. Serum prolactin concentrations in mated, pregnant rabbits were higher than in all other groups; cocaine treatment did not affect this hormone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Kaufmann
R A
RA
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hutzel Hospital, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201.
Savoy-Moore
R T
RT
Subramanian
M G
MG
Moghissi
K S
KS
D000818:Animals; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003338:Corpus Luteum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000502:physiology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011555:Pseudopregnancy / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D011817:Rabbits; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D011374:Progesterone; C005618:benzoylecgonine; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D003042:Cocaine