title: Perceptual bisection in rats: the effects of physostigmine, scopolamine and pirenzepine.
abstract: The effects of cholinergic drugs on three different perceptual bisection tasks were studied in rats. Physostigmine (0.056-0.56 mg/kg), a reversible anticholinesterase, produced dose-dependent decrements in discriminability (A'), but did not affect the bisection point (BP) in visual duration, auditory duration, and auditory intensity bisection tasks. This finding is consistent with results previously obtained in an auditory duration bisection task with an irreversible anticholinesterase, diisopropyl phosphofluoridate. Scopolamine (0.075-0.422 mg/kg), a muscarinic cholinergic-receptor antagonist, produced dose-dependent decrements in both A' and BP in visual and auditory duration bisection tasks. The behavioral antagonism between physostigmine (0.56 mg/kg) and scopolamine (0.075-0.237 mg/kg) was studied in the visual and auditory duration bisection tasks. The BP was not affected by physostigmine alone or in combination with scopolamine, except at the largest dose of scopolamine, which produced a reliable decrement in the BP. A', however, was equally decreased by physostigmine alone and all combinations of physostigmine and scopolamine. Pirenzepine (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg), a selective high-affinity M1 muscarinic antagonist, had no effect on A' or the BP in the duration bisection tasks, suggesting changes in perception produced by muscarinic antagonists do not involve the M1 receptor subtype. The similar drug effects in different sensory modalities (visual and auditory) and perceptual systems (subjective duration and loudness) suggest that cholinergic drugs may affect perceptual mechanisms responsible for sensory coding, such as the output of a neural generator.
authors.affiliation: Thermal Stress Adaptation Program, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5055.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shurtleff
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Raslear
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Genovese
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Simmons
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001070:Appetitive Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008144:Loudness Perception / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013998:Time Perception / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D010890:Pirenzepine; D010830:Physostigmine; D012601:Scopolamine