title: Teaching young children to use contact lenses.
abstract: Young children with surgically removed lenses and extreme nearsightedness can benefit from contact lenses, but their parents may need instruction to teach their children to accept lenses. In this study, 4 children under the age of 5 years were taught contact lens wear using a shaping procedure. Compliance was rewarded with praise and tangibles, and noncompliance was followed with brief time-out for 3 of the children and restraint for the 4th. Three children showed high compliance during an initial shaping procedure, with a decrease in compliance during initial insertion of the lenses. At 3- to 10-month follow-up, levels of compliance were high. Insertion and removal of lenses were accomplished in substantially less time, with little crying and no need for time-out. All 3 children continue to use the lenses daily, and 2 have shown improved visual acuity. The 4th child, who has Down syndrome, showed low levels of compliance with need for physical restraint throughout. Although his parents reported high compliance when he first went home, fitting difficulties and an infection resulted in plummeting of compliance, and contact lens use was discontinued. This procedure has been used successfully at the same hospital with 11 of 13 other children between the ages of 14 months and 7 years 4 months. Implications for selection of suitable candidates for this intervention and ways to decrease costs are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6040.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Hodson
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Crist
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: LaRoche
mesh_terms: D001035:Aphakia / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D003261:Contact Lenses; D004495:Education of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009216:Myopia / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*