title: Training-overtraining: influence of a defined increase in training volume vs training intensity on performance, catecholamines and some metabolic parameters in experienced middle- and long-distance runners.
abstract: The influence of an increase in training volume (ITV; February 1989) vs intensity (ITI; February 1990) on performance, catecholamines, energy metabolism and serum lipids was examined in two studies on eight, and nine experienced middle- or long-distance runners; seven participated in both studies. During ITV, mean training volume was doubled from 85.9 km.week-1 (pretrial phase) to 174.6 km within 3 weeks. Some 96%-98% of the training was performed at 67 (SD 8)% of maximal performance. During ITI, speed-endurance, high-speed and interval runs increased within 3 weeks from 9 km.week-1 (pretrial phase) to 22.7 km.week-1 and the total training distance from 61.6 to 84.7 km.week-1. The ITV resulted in stagnation of running velocity at 4 mmol lactate concentration and a decrease in total running distance in the increment test. Heart rate, energy metabolic parameters, nocturnal urinary catecholamine excretion, low density, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations decreased significantly; the exercise-related catecholamine plasma concentrations increased at an identical exercise intensity. The ITI produced an improvement in running velocity at 4 mmol lactate concentration and in total running distance in the increment test; heart rate, energy metabolic parameters, nocturnal catecholamine excretion, and serum lipids remained nearly constant, and the exercise-related plasma catecholamine concentrations decreased at an identical exercise intensity. The ITV-related changes in metabolism and catecholamines may have indicated an exhaustion syndrome in the majority of the athletes examined but this hypothesis has to be proven by future experimental studies.
authors.affiliation: University Medical Hospital Freiburg i. Breisgau, Department of Sports and Performance Medicine, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baumgartl
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wiesenack
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seidel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Spöri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gendrisch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D012420:Running
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002395:Catecholamines; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007773:Lactates; D008055:Lipids; D000641:Ammonia; D005990:Glycerol