title: Effect of endothelin on plasma volume and albumin escape.
abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated that endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor that decreases cardiac output and increases hematocrit. The present study was designed to determine if the rise in hematocrit and decrease in cardiac output are in part due to shifts of plasma from the vascular space to the interstitial space. Red blood cell volume and plasma volume were determined by using chromium-51-labeled erythrocytes and iodine-125-labeled albumin, respectively, in anesthetized, nephrectomized, splenectomized rats. The present study demonstrates that ET-1 increases mean arterial pressure and hematocrit. This effect is associated with an increase in total-body albumin escape, which is reflected by a marked reduction in whole-body plasma volume. ET-1 enhanced albumin escape primarily in the liver, lung, and heart at low doses. At high doses, albumin escape increased primarily in the liver, heart, and gastrointestinal tract but not the lung. The present study demonstrates that ET-1 increases hematocrit independent of splenic contraction or renal losses by enhancing loss of plasma volume to the interstitial space without affecting red blood cell volume. Because of the profound pressor effects of ET-1, it is likely that the plasma loss results from increased capillary hydrostatic pressure.
authors.affiliation: Division of Research, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maymind
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Barbee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006400:Hematocrit; D008297:Male; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010953:Plasma Volume / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000187:drug effects*; D012711:Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012711:Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; D012965:Sodium Chloride