title: The ketosis-resistance in fibro-calculous-pancreatic-diabetes. 1. Clinical observations and endocrine-metabolic measurements during oral glucose tolerance test.
abstract: We measured circulating levels of C-peptide, pancreatic glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone and metabolites (glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol and 3-hydroxybutyrate) in fibro-calculous-pancreatic diabetic (FCPD, n = 28), insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM, n = 28) and non-diabetic control (n = 27) subjects during an oral glucose tolerance test. There was no difference in the two diabetic groups in age (FCPD 24 +/- 2, IDDM 21 +/- 2 years, mean +/- SEM), BMI (FCPD 16.0 +/- 0.6, IDDM 15.7 +/- 0.4 kg/m2), triceps skinfold thickness (FCPD 8 +/- 1, IDDM 7 +/- 1 mm), glycaemic status (fasting plasma glucose, FCPD 12.5 +/- 1.5, IDDM 14.5 +/- 1.2 mmol/l), fasting plasma C-peptide (FCPD 0.13 +/- 0.03, IDDM 0.08 +/- 0.01 nmol/l), peak plasma C-peptide during OGTT (FCPD 0.36 +/- 0.10, IDDM 0.08 +/- 0.03 nmol/l) and fasting plasma glucagon (FCPD 35 +/- 4, IDDM 37 +/- 4 ng/l). FCPD patients, however, showed lower circulating concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (0.73 +/- 0.11 mmol/l), glycerol (0.11 +/- 0.02 mmol/l) and 3-hydroxybutyrate (0.15 +/- 0.03 mmol/l) compared to IDDM patients (1.13 +/- 0.14, 0.25 +/- 0.05 and 0.29 +/- 0.08 mmol/l, respectively). This could be due to enhanced sensitivity of adipose tissue lipolysis to the suppressive action of circulating insulin and possibly also to insensitivity of hepatic ketogenesis to glucagon. Our results also demonstrate preservation of alpha-cell function in FCPD patients when beta-cell function is severely diminished, suggesting a more selective beta-cell dysfunction or destruction than hitherto believed.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Diabetes Study, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Pune, India.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yajnik
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shelgikar
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kanitkar
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Orskov
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Alberti
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Hockaday
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology*; D012016:Reference Values; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D014280:Triglycerides; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005934:Glucagon; D002784:Cholesterol; D005990:Glycerol; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D006854:Hydrocortisone