title: Susceptibility of Macaca fascicularis monkeys from Mauritius to different species of Plasmodium.
abstract: Macaca fascicularis monkeys from Mauritius were shown to be susceptible via sporozoite inoculation to 7 species of Plasmodium (P. fragile, P. coatneyi, P. gonderi, P. inui, P. cynomolgi, P. knowlesi, and P. fieldi), indigenous to macaques in southeastern Asia. Four monkeys were sequentially infected with different species of Plasmodium to determine maximum and course of parasitemia. In 2 nonsplenectomized monkeys, P. fragile developed maximum parasite counts of only 134 and 155/microliters. For Plasmodium knowlesi, a parasite that is life-threatening to rhesus monkeys, maximum parasite counts were 4,278 and 7,440/microliters. Plasmodium coatneyi developed to what must be considered as moderate levels. After animals underwent splenectomy, parasite counts of P. coatneyi were 58,280, 89,094, 4,464, and 43,524/microliters. The maximum parasite counts for P. gonderi (13,508 and 21,576/microliters) and P. fieldi (1,767 and 17,836/microliters) were lower than would be expected in M. mulatta. In 2 monkeys that developed patent parasitemia with P. inui, the maximum parasite counts (95,046 and 728,748/microliters) indicated that this parasite may be the best adapted species for development in these animals once infection is established. Finally, the reinfection of 2 monkeys with P. cynomolgi suggested that some animals may be basically more resistant than others, whether splenectomized or not, to the production of high-density parasitemia.
authors.affiliation: Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Broderson
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Filipski
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Stanfill
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Warren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000469:parasitology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008436:Mauritius; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology*; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D016790:Plasmodium knowlesi / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D011319:Primaquine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002738:Chloroquine; D011319:Primaquine