Effect of dietary monounsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in women.
To determine the effects of dietary fat saturation on plasma lipoproteins, we studied 21 free-living normolipidemic women (13 pre- and 8 postmenopausal) on three consecutive diet periods. During the first 4 wk they consumed a saturated diet rich in palm oil and butter [19% saturated fatty acids (S), 14% monounsaturated fatty acids (M), and 3.5% polyunsaturated fatty acids (P)], followed by 6 wk of a monounsaturated diet rich in olive oil (11% S, 22% M, and 3.6% P), and 6 wk of a polyunsaturated diet rich in sunflower oil (10.7% S, 12.5% M, and 12.8% P). Compared with the diet rich in saturated fatty acids, both diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids had similar lowering effects on total and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I were higher in the monounsaturated-rich period than in the polyunsaturated-rich (10.5% and 12.7% respectively, P less than 0.001) and the saturated-rich period (5.3%, and 7.9%, respectively, P less than 0.05). These effects were independent of menopause status. Our data show that at this level of fat intake (36% as calories), a monounsaturated-rich diet results in a less atherogenic lipid profile than either polyunsaturated- or saturated-rich diets.
Mata
P
P
Department of Internal Medicine, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain.
Garrido
J A
JA
Ordovas
J M
JM
Blazquez
E
E
Alvarez-Sala
L A
LA
Rubio
M J
MJ
Alonso
R
R
de Oya
M
M
D000328:Adult; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006368:Helianthus; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000074242:Sunflower Oil
D001053:Apolipoproteins; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008074:Lipoproteins; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil