title: Thyroid hormones regulate release and content of vasoactive intestinal peptide in cultured fetal cerebral cortical cells.
abstract: The effects of thyroid hormones (TH) on brain immunoreactive-vasoactive intestinal peptide (IR-VIP) secretion and content in cultured fetal rat cortical cells were studied. Cerebral cortical cells were maintained as monolayer cultures for 14-18 days. T3 or T4 (10(-7) M) caused a time-dependent decrease in total IR-VIP. Significant suppression was observed following treatment periods of 6 h or longer (24 and 48 h). Depending on the length of time cells had been deprived of TH prior to the addition of exogenous T3 or T4, these two thyroid hormones had different effects on IR-VIP accumulation. Both T3 and T4 caused a dose-dependent suppression or IR-VIP accumulation when there was no deprivation period or when it lasted 4 h. However, a biphasic effect was observed when cells were deprived of TH for 17 and 24 h: low doses of T3 or T4 (from 10(-12) to 10(-10) M) significantly increased (p less than 0.05) total IR-VIP, while high T3 or T4 doses (10(-8) and 10(-7) M) caused a significant decrease (p less than 0.01). The TH action was furthermore shown to be reversible. After T3 (10(-7) M) removal and subsequent incubation in serum-free medium for 6, 24 and 48 h, T3-treated and control cells exhibited similar levels of IR-VIP release and content. At this time, a new exposure to T3 (10(-7) M) again had a suppressive effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lorenzo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Franco
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: de los Frailes
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tolón
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cacicedo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000502:physiology*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000502:physiology*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D013974:Thyroxine