Application of adaptive filters to noninvasive acoustical detection of coronary occlusions before and after angioplasty.
Previous studies have indicated that coronary stenoses produce sounds due to the turbulent blood flow in these vessels [1]-[10]. Measurement of these signals forms the basis of our noninvasive approach to the detection of coronary artery disease. It is during diastole that coronary blood flow is maximum and the sounds associated with turbulent blood flow through partially occluded coronary arteries would be loudest [1]-[10]. Isolated diastolic heart sounds taken from recordings made at the patient's bedside were modeled using the autoregressive (AR) and autoregressive moving average (ARMA) methods [4], [7] after adaptive line enhancement (ALE). Decisions were made in a blind fashion without prior knowledge of whether a given recording was made before or after angioplasty. Resulting model frequency spectra showed greater high-frequency components (between 400 and 800 Hz) in preangioplasty patients, and a consistent shift in amplitude of the second pole pairs of the AR and ARMA methods with surgery. Blind assessment, based on frequency spectra and poles, correctly classified the diastolic recordings in 18 of 20 cases. These results provide strong evidence supporting our hypothesis that coronary stenoses produce detectable sounds during diastole [1]-[10].
Akay
M
M
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855.
Akay
Y M
YM
Welkowitz
W
W
Semmlow
J L
JL
Kostis
J B
JB
D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation; D006326:Heart Auscultation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006347:Heart Sounds / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D010362:Patients' Rooms; D012212:Rheology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D016037:Single-Blind Method