title: Liver and spleen ruptures in authentic car-to-car side collisions with main impact at front door or B-pillar.
abstract: Seventy-nine belt-protected front seat occupants sustained authentic car-to-car side collisions with impact at front door or B-pillar in which energy equivalent speed (EES) and delta V had a highly significant influence on the occurrence of liver and spleen ruptures. From an EES greater than or equal to 40 km/h the risk of suffering liver and spleen injuries proved to be much higher for occupants on the impact side. Drivers on the impact side often had combined liver and spleen ruptures, front seat passengers had only liver ruptures and combined liver and spleen ruptures. The number of rib fractures on the left or right had a highly significant influence on the occurrence of liver and spleen ruptures. Liver ruptures and combined liver and spleen ruptures were often combined with pelvic ruptures.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forensic Medicine, Heidelberg University, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miltner
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wiedmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leutwein
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Hepp
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Salwender
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Frobenius
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kallieris
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000293:injuries; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000293:injuries*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000293:injuries; D011336:Probability; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012421:Rupture; D012622:Seat Belts; D013161:Splenic Rupture / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology*