title: Combined Repeat Dose and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (OECD): familiarization using cyclophosphamide.
abstract: A familiarization study was conducted on the "Combined Repeat Dose and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (ReproTox)" proposed by the OECD. Cyclophosphamide (CP) at doses of 6.7, 4.5, 3, 2, and 0 mg/kg body wt was given daily by gavage to groups of 12 male and 12 female Sprague-Dawley rats. As a result, anemia and leukopenia were evident in treated males. The absolute and relative thymus and spleen weights were decreased in treated rats. Histopathologically, atrophy of the thymus, spleen, and bone marrow was observed. With respect to the reproductive/developmental toxicity, dose-dependent increases in postimplantation loss of fetuses and postnatal death were found in dams given CP. The body weight of pups treated with CP was significantly lowered in a dose-related manner. Thus the results demonstrated most of the known toxicological properties of CP, except the adverse effects on spermatogenesis and fertility. Therefore ReproTox can be considered as a useful screening test for assessing repeat dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity of existing chemicals of high production volume.
authors.affiliation: Division of Toxicology, National Institute of Hygienic Sciences, Tokyo.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakadate
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imaida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tobe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000187:drug effects; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D008098:Litter Size / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D013723:Teratogens; D003520:Cyclophosphamide