title: DNA Translator and Aligner: HyperCard utilities to aid phylogenetic analysis of molecules.
abstract: DNA Translator and Aligner are molecular phylogenetics HyperCard stacks for Macintosh computers. They manipulate sequence data to provide graphical gene mapping, conversions, translations and manual multiple-sequence alignment editing. DNA Translator is able to convert documented GenBank or EMBL documented sequences into linearized, rescalable gene maps whose gene sequences are extractable by clicking on the corresponding map button or by selection from a scrolling list. Provided gene maps, complete with extractable sequences, consist of nine metazoan, one yeast, and one ciliate mitochondrial DNAs and three green plant chloroplast DNAs. Single or multiple sequences can be manipulated to aid in phylogenetic analysis. Sequences can be translated between nucleic acids and proteins in either direction with flexible support of alternate genetic codes and ambiguous nucleotide symbols. Multiple aligned sequence output from diverse sources can be converted to Nexus, Hennig86 or PHYLIP format for subsequent phylogenetic analysis. Input or output alignments can be examined with Aligner, a convenient accessory stack included in the DNA Translator package. Aligner is an editor for the manual alignment of up to 100 sequences that toggles between display of matched characters and normal unmatched sequences. DNA Translator also generates graphic displays of amino acid coding and codon usage frequency relative to all other, or only synonymous, codons for approximately 70 select organism-organelle combinations. Codon usage data is compatible with spreadsheet or UWGCG formats for incorporation of additional molecules of interest. The complete package is available via anonymous ftp and is free for non-commercial uses.
authors.affiliation: Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1079.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Eernisse
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001059:Apoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D003573:Cytochrome b Group / Q000235:genetics; D045303:Cytochromes b; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D016208:Databases, Factual; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D001059:Apoproteins; D003062:Codon; D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004247:DNA; D045303:Cytochromes b