title: Mechanisms of hypocalcaemia in the clinical form of severe magnesium deficit in the human.
abstract: Severe magnesium depletion leading to hypocalcaemia has been described in a variety of clinical settings. Inadequately low concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are a constant feature of hypomagnesaemic hypocalcaemia (HMHC), while target organ resistance to PHT in kidneys and bone may be demonstrated in the majority of these patients. The failure of membrane-bound adenylate cyclase in the parathyroids, kidneys and bone, thought to be the most important molecular mechanism in HMHC, cannot explain the concomitant resistance to vitamin D and its metabolites. In recent years, information has accumulated on further magnesium-dependent intracellular events and alternative pathways of transcellular signalling. This may eventually allow the identification of one or more further biochemical mechanisms leading to hypocalcaemia in severe magnesium deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leicht
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biro
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D008274:Magnesium