title: Alternative approaches to nursing practice: application of Peplau, Rogers, and Parse.
abstract: This article demonstrates three major nursing theories in practice. The uniqueness of each theory is clarified through the presentation of nursing formulations and practice implications. The discussion provides a metaperspective of how practice based in nursing theory is different from traditional practice and how nursing theory can guide practice.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Forchuk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santopinto
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Butcher
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000379:methods*; D009737:Nursing Records / Q000592:standards*; D010347:Patient Care Planning / Q000592:standards