title: Effects of estrogen, epidermal growth factor, and transforming growth factor-alpha on the growth of human breast epithelial cells in primary culture.
abstract: Since 17 beta-estradiol (E2)-stimulated growth in human breast cancer cell lines has been shown to be accompanied by increased production of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) and their receptor, we investigated the effects of E2 and these growth factors on the growth of human breast epithelial cells (HBEC) in primary culture. HBEC from normal, benign, and malignant tissues were cultured in serum-free medium [DME:F12(1:1), 5 mg/ml BSA, 10 ng/ml cholera toxin, 0.5 micrograms/ml cortisol, 10 micrograms/ml insulin] in the presence and absence of E2, EGF, and TGF-alpha. Tritiated-thymidine ([3H]TdR) incorporation into DNA was used as a measure of cell growth. E2 did not stimulate growth of any of the cultures at all concentrations examined (10(-9) to 10(-6) M). In contrast, EGF ranging from 1 to 100 ng/ml consistently increased the growth of cells of all three breast tissue types in a dose-dependent manner. The EGF stimulation was inhibited by MAb 528, a monoclonal antibody against the EGF receptor. TGF-alpha was equally or more effective in stimulating proliferation, although its dose-response range was different than that of EGF. E2 and EGF together acted in a synergistic manner in 50% of the samples examined. These studies suggest that E2 can exert effects on HBEC growth via modulation of the cells' response to EGF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Gabelman
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Emerman
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry; D001940:Breast / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D004958:Estradiol; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor