title: Lung injury induced by paraquat, hyperoxia and cobalt chloride: effects of ambroxol.
abstract: The effects of the surfactant stimulating drug ambroxol were studied in rats given paraquat (PQ, 15 mg/kg, s.c.), intratracheal cobalt chloride (CoCl2, 2.5 or 1.25 mg Co/kg) or exposed for 2 days to oxygen (greater than 95% O2). Ambroxol (50 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily) was given as a pretreatment for 4 days, or up to 7 days following pneumotoxic administration. Besides body weight evolution and lethality, various pulmonary indices were measured 2 days (O2) or 3 days (PQ and CoCl2) and 7 days after pneumotoxic treatment: wet and dry lung weight, total cell count, distribution of inflammatory cells and lactate dehydrogenase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and histological damage assessed by a semiquantitative injury score. Neither form of ambroxol treatment prevented the toxicity of any of the pneumotoxic agents. The use of a combination of different indices of lung damage showed that different pneumotoxic agents may cause quite distinctive patterns of injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pneumology, K.U. Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nemery
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vanlommel
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Verbeken
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lauweryns
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demedts
mesh_terms: D000551:Ambroxol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D003035:Cobalt / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D010269:Paraquat / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000551:Ambroxol; D003035:Cobalt; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C018021:cobaltous chloride; D010269:Paraquat; D010100:Oxygen