title: Strengthening of feldspathic porcelain by ion exchange and tempering.
abstract: This study investigated the effectiveness of tempering and ion-exchange treatments on crack growth and bi-axial flexural strength of seven feldspathic porcelains. The results showed that tempering treatment was more effective in strengthening porcelain than was the ion-exchange process as measured by the bi-axial flexural strength. However, the results of initial crack size induced by a microhardness tester showed that ion-exchange yielded a surface that was more resistant to crack initiation than was that yielded by the tempering treatment. EDX and microprobe analyses showed that there was evidence of exchange between Na+ within the porcelain surface and K+ from the ion-exchange agent applied on the surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0446.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Anusavice
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003485:Cyanates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D003487:Cyanoacrylates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004548:Elasticity; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D006244:Hardness; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007474:Ion Exchange; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D012825:Silicon / Q000032:analysis; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D012828:Silicones / Q000032:analysis; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D003485:Cyanates; D003487:Cyanoacrylates; D003722:Dental Alloys; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D012828:Silicones; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C016447:feldspar; D002244:Carbon; C010867:EDH adhesive; C058233:Ceramco; C047040:Vita VMK 68; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium; C022088:silicon carbide; D012825:Silicon