title: Human pharmacokinetics of iodixanol.
abstract: The pharmacokinetic properties of the x-ray contrast medium, iodixanol, a new nonionic dimer, were investigated in a phase I study including 40 healthy male volunteers. Iodixanol (300 mg I/mL) was administered intravenously (i.v.) at four dose levels--0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 g iodine (I)/kg body weight--and saline was given as a control. 51Cr-EDTA was given concomitantly with iodixanol at all dose levels to study renal excretion of iodixanol. Mean half-lives were 26 and 131 minutes in the distribution and elimination phase, respectively. Apparent volume of distribution was 0.28 1/kg body weight, indicating distribution to extracellular fluid only. Within 24 hours after injection, 97% of the dose was excreted unmetabolized in the urine via glomerular filtration. The excretion in feces was 1.2% of the dose. The parameters calculated were independent of the given dose. The pharmacokinetics of iodixanol are comparable with those reported for other intravascular contrast media.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioanalysis, Nycomed AS, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Svaland
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haider
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Langseth-Manrique
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Andrew
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Hals
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001711:Biotransformation; D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004492:Edetic Acid; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D003287:Contrast Media; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D004492:Edetic Acid; C044834:iodixanol