title: Low-dose amiodarone for maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation or flutter.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study efficacy and safety of low-dose amiodarone for maintenance of sinus rhythm after electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation or flutter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonrandomized trial; mean duration of follow-up, 20.7 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Referral center; institutional practice; both hospitalized and ambulatory care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine consecutive patients having chronic atrial fibrillation or flutter and eligible for cardioversion. Patients had failed previous treatment aimed at maintaining sinus rhythm. During follow-up one patient was withdrawn because of side effects; all patients were available for follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before cardioversion, patients received 600 mg of amiodarone daily during a 4-week loading period. After conversion, the daily maintenance dose was 204 +/- 66 mg (mean +/- SD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Arrhythmia recurrence and adverse effects causing drug discontinuation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During loading, 15 patients (16%) converted, and after electrical cardioconversion, 90% of all patients had sinus rhythm. Actuarially, 53% of these patients were still in sinus rhythm after 3 years. In patients with compromised left ventricular function, 93% maintained sinus rhythm after 6 months. One patient died due to congestive heart failure. Intolerable side effects occurred in one patient. No proarrhythmia was observed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that amiodarone was ineffective in patients with mitral stenosis or chronic arrhythmia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-dose amiodarone is effective for maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with difficult to treat chronic atrial fibrillation or flutter and is associated with a low incidence of serious side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Gosselink
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Crijns
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Van Gelder
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hillige
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wiesfeld
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Lie
mesh_terms: D000638:Amiodarone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004554:Electric Countershock; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D012008:Recurrence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D000638:Amiodarone