title: Efficacy of oxime plus atropine treatment against soman poisoning in the atropinesterase-free rabbit.
abstract: The oximes pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM), MMB4, and HI-6 were evaluated in combination with atropine as treatments against soman poisoning in atropinesterase-free rabbits. Animals were challenged i.m. with 2 x LD50 soman and treated at the onset of toxic signs with 50 mumols/kg of oxime and 5 or 13 mg/kg atropine. Survival and time to death were compared at 48 hours post-soman challenge. Survival rates in MMB4 and HI-6 treated animals were higher than in 2-PAM-treated animals. The increase in survival was significant at the 13 mg/kg dose of atropine. MMB4 and HI-6 also significantly delayed time to death after soman compared to 2-PAM. The results suggest that MMB4 and HI-6 have potential as useful oximes for treating soman poisoning.
authors.affiliation: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5425.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Koplovitz
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D010091:Oximes; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D012999:Soman / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D010091:Oximes; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D012999:Soman; C022870:asoxime chloride