title: Spontaneous neutrophil activation and the outcome of hemorrhagic shock in rabbits.
abstract: Recent evidence suggests that an increase in the number of activated circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), as measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction (NBT-positive PMNs), was closely associated with irreversibility in a rat modified Wiggers hemorrhagic shock model. The objective of this study was to utilize a similar model, but in a species with a different hematological profile, the rabbit, to investigate the correlation between the appearance of activated circulating PMNs and survival rate. Rabbits (n = 21) were maintained at 40 mm Hg arterial pressure for 3 hr and observed for 24 hr for survival. This protocol resulted in 33% mortality. There were no significant differences in the number of circulating PMNs before bleeding and during the hypotensive period for survivors and nonsurvivors. During the hypotensive period, fewer circulating NBT-positive PMNs were detected in survivors than in nonsurvivors (P less than 0.01). Since PMN activation was low in most of the rabbits before bleeding, the fatal outcome in this shock protocol was associated consistently with spontaneous PMN activation during the hypotensive period.
authors.affiliation: Department of AMES-Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0412.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barroso-Aranda
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Chavez-Chavez
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Schmid-Schönbein
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006339:Heart Rate; D006400:Hematocrit; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*