title: Prevention of cigarette smoking through mass media intervention and school programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study we tested the ability of mass media interventions to enhance the efficacy of school cigarette smoking prevention programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  For 4 years, students in one pair of communities received media interventions and school programs that had common educational objectives. Students in a matched pair of communities received only the school programs. The combined cohort of 5458 students was surveyed at baseline in grades 4, 5, and 6 and was followed up annually for 4 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant reductions in reported smoking, along with consistent effects on targeted mediating variables, were observed for the media-and-school group. For cigarettes per week the reduction was 41% (2.6 vs 4.4); for smoking cigarettes yesterday the reduction was 34% (8.6% vs 13.1%); and for smoking in the past week the reduction was 35% (12.8% vs 19.8%). No effects were observed for substance use behaviors not targeted by the interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide evidence that mass media interventions are effective in preventing cigarette smoking when they are carefully targeted at high-risk youths and share educational objectives with school programs.
authors.affiliation: Office of Health Promotion Research, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Worden
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Secker-Walker
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Badger
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Geller
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Costanza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D008019:Life Style; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media / Q000592:standards*; D009009:Montana; D009518:New York; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012572:School Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014707:Vermont