title: Benzaldehyde, citral, and d-limonene flavor perception in the presence of casein and whey proteins.
abstract: The effect of sodium caseinate and whey protein concentrate on benzaldehyde, d-limonene, and citral flavor intensity was determined by quantitative descriptive analysis deviation from reference using a 12-member trained panel. The concentrations for the benzaldehyde, d-limonene, and citral flavor intensity references were 17.8, 53.0, and 19.8 ppm, respectively. The concentration for both protein references was .25%. Flavored protein solutions were held for 17 h at 6 degrees C and contained benzaldehyde (17.8 ppm), d-limonene (53 ppm), or citral (19.8 ppm) and 2.5% sucrose with 0, .125, .25, or .5% protein. Benzaldehyde flavor intensity declined as the whey protein concentrate concentration increased from 0 to .5%. There was no significant difference in benzaldehyde flavor intensity with casein compared with the reference. The d-limonene flavor intensity declined as the protein concentration increased. Panelists found no significant drop in citral flavor intensity with casein or whey protein. Decreased benzaldehyde and d-limonene flavor intensity in the presence of whey protein concentrate or casein may be due to nonpolar interactions (casein), interaction with nonpolar binding sites, cysteine-aldehyde condensation, or Schiff base formation (whey protein concentrate).
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7624.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Heinis
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D005260:Female; D005421:Flavoring Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D000077222:Limonene; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D039821:Monoterpenes; D013649:Taste; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D001547:Benzaldehydes; D002364:Caseins; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D005421:Flavoring Agents; D008894:Milk Proteins; D039821:Monoterpenes; D013729:Terpenes; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D000077222:Limonene; C007076:citral; C032175:benzaldehyde