title: DNA damage and repair in chick embryo cells following X-irradiation in vitro as compared to mammalian cells--biochemical and physico-chemical investigations.
abstract: Brain cells (b-cells) and liver cells (l-cells) of the chicken embryo and thymic cells (t-cells) of the rat were X-irradiated in vitro at doses of 1.25-50 Gy. When compared to t-cells, b- and l-cells exhibited 1) a lower stimulation of poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) transferase and unscheduled DNA synthesis following X-irradiation, 2) an almost fivefold higher inhibition of semiconservative DNA synthesis, 3) a less condensed chromatin, 4) about fourfold higher threshold doses with regard to significant effects on nucleoid sedimentation and viscometry of alkaline cellular lysates, and 5) an apparently two- to threefold lower DNA repair during a 30 min post-exposure repair period. The results suggest that the lower radiation sensitivity of chicken embryo cells is attributable to an initial mechanism of DNA repair and/or DNA protection which may be closely connected to minor chromatin compactness and higher intrinsic activities of repair enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztlichen Fakultät, Universität München, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tempel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ignatius
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hund
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases