title: Local chromatin changes accompany the expression of the calbindin-D28K gene: tissue specificity and effect of vitamin D activation.
abstract: The high affinity calcium-binding protein calbindin-D28K is one of the known proteins transcriptionally up-regulated by the hormonally active form of vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3]. This regulation is tissue specific, since in the absence of 1,25-(OH)2D3, the expression of calbindin-D28K is virtually abolished in intestine, whereas it is decreased, but clearly detectable, in kidney, and it remains present at its highest level in cerebellum. Several studies have shown that there is a strong correlation between an increase in the sensitivity to nuclease digestion of a given gene locus and its potential for transcription. Furthermore, hypersensitive sites have often been mapped to regions of DNA including or surrounding sequences known to be important for the regulation of gene transcription. In this study we have scanned the 5'-end and flanking DNA of the calbindin-D28K gene for the presence of DNase-I-hypersensitive (DH) sites in order to localize possible regulatory regions involved in the tissue-specific and hormone-dependent regulation of this gene. We have found that in tissues where calbindin is not expressed, such as liver, no DH sites could be detected. In cerebellum, the same set of DH sites was observed in the presence or absence of 1,25-(OH)2D3 treatment, reflecting the vitamin D-independent expression of the calbindin gene in this tissue. A more complex pattern of DH sites was found in intestine, independently of the vitamin D status of the animal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside 92521.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cancela
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Norman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064026:Calbindins; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000502:physiology*; D002645:Chickens; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000502:physiology*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D064026:Calbindins; D002843:Chromatin; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D002117:Calcitriol