title: When does exposure to agent X cause disease Y?
abstract: The concept of 'cause' between exposure to agent X and the subsequent development of disease Y is reviewed briefly in terms of how it is used in experimental and clinical medicine, statistics and epidemiology, and in law. Some of the interrelationships of the definition of cause by these disciplines are considered.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Division, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT 06340.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Edelman
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Van Os
mesh_terms: D004813:Epidemiology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000209:etiology; D012306:Risk