Beneficial effect of a low glycaemic index diet in type 2 diabetes.
Low glycaemic index foods produce low blood glucose and insulin responses in normal subjects, and improve blood glucose control in Type 1 and well-controlled Type 2 diabetic patients. We studied the effects of a low glycaemic index diet in 15 Type 2 diabetic patients with a mean fasting blood glucose of 9.5 mmol l-1 using a randomized, crossover design. Patients were given pre-weighed diets (59% energy as carbohydrate, 21% fat, and 24 g 1000-kcal-1 dietary fibre) for two 2-week periods, with a diet glycaemic index of 60 during one period and 87 during the other. On the low glycaemic index diet, the blood glucose response after a representative breakfast was 29% less than on the high glycaemic index diet (874 +/- 108 (+/- SE) vs 204 +/- 112 mmol min l-1; p less than 0.001), the percentage reduction being almost identical to the 28% difference predicted from the meal glycaemic index values. After the 2-week low glycaemic index diet, fasting serum fructosamine and cholesterol levels were significantly less than after the high glycaemic index diet (3.17 +/- 0.12 vs 3.28 +/- 0.16 mmol l-1, p less than 0.05, and 5.5 +/- 0.4 vs 5.9 +/- 0.5 mmol l-1, p less than 0.02, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Wolever
T M
TM
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jenkins
D J
DJ
Vuksan
V
V
Jenkins
A L
AL
Buckley
G C
GC
Wong
G S
GS
Josse
R G
RG
D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000652:urine; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine; D005905:Glyburide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D006595:Hexosamines; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D019270:Fructosamine; D014508:Urea; D002784:Cholesterol; D003404:Creatinine; D005905:Glyburide