title: Characterization, growth, and differentiation of a human myeloid leukemia cell line, TI-1 cell.
abstract: A cell line (TI-1) has been established from the peripheral blood of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (M2). A typical TI-1 cell displayed many abnormalities of its chromosomes, but not the Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome. Light and electron microscopic examination and histochemical analysis indicated that the TI-1 cells were undifferentiated blast cells, but immunologic marker studies suggested that these cells had myeloid characteristics. The proliferation of TI-1 cells was dependent on the concentration of fetal bovine serum (FBS). Their doubling time was 13.8 hours when they were cultured in a medium containing 10% FBS. Phorbol-12 myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced the TI-1 cells to differentiate into monocyte-like cells, as judged by their morphologic similarity to monocytes, their adhesion to the culture dish, and their increase of both nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)-reducing ability and nonspecific esterase (NSE)-activity. PMA significantly inhibited the proliferation and DNA synthesis of TI-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The PMA-induced differentiation was significantly inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitors (H-7, staurosporine). Hemin induced the TI-1 cells to differentiate into erythroid cells. The number of hemoglobin-producing cells and hemoglobin production was increased by hemin treatment. Hemin also inhibited the proliferation of the TI-1 cells. Thus, the TI-1 cell represents a bipotent, granulo-monocytoid, and erythroid cell line. The TI-1 cell line will be a useful model for monocytoid and erythroid differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside 92521.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taoka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tasaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Irino
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Norman
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D003470:Culture Media; D006427:Hemin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D003470:Culture Media; D006427:Hemin; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate