title: Endemic goitre among undernourished schoolchildren in eastern Caprivi, Namibia.
abstract: A cross-sectional study on a 20% random sample of 380 children, aged 6-18 years, from 8 primary schools in the Cuando River area of eastern Caprivi, Namibia, was done to determine the prevalence of goitre and to investigate related hormonal and nutritional factors. Of the children 34.5% had goitre. Reduced plasma free thyroxine concentrations in the more severely goitrous children, compared with matched non-goitrous children (P = 0.0007), implicated dietary iodine deficiency as the causative factor. Their diet was inadequate in energy and most nutrients according to World Health Organisation criteria. Retarded growth, indicated by their low body weight and height in relation to age, were observed in a large proportion (45.6-73%) of the children. These findings suggest that dietary iodine deficiency was the most likely cause for the endemic goitre in these children, who were predisposed to nutritional disorders by long-term undernourishment.
authors.affiliation: National Research Programme: Nutritional Intervention and Research Institute for Diseases in a Tropical Environment, South African Medical Research Council, Parowvallei, CP.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Jooste
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Badenhorst
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Schutte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faber
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Staden
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oelofse
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aalbers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006043:Goiter, Endemic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000172:deficiency*; D008297:Male; D009276:Namibia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D007455:Iodine; D013974:Thyroxine