Allergic reactions to Erwinia asparaginase in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who had previous allergic reactions to Escherichia coli asparaginase.
BACKGROUND
Escherichia coli asparaginase is an active antileukemia agent in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Allergic reactions occurred in 31 of 125 patients (24.8%) treated with weekly high-dose (25,000 IU/m2) intramuscular E. coli asparaginase and necessitated discontinuation of the drug.


METHODS
The authors evaluated the toxic effects of Erwinia asparaginase in the 31 children who had allergic reactions to the E. coli preparation.


RESULTS
Subsequent allergic reactions to Erwinia asparaginase occurred in 7 of the 31 children (22.6%). In contrast to previous reports with intravenous administration, most allergic reactions to both asparaginase preparations were characterized by mild urticaria that responded to use of diphenhydramine; none of the reactions was life-threatening.


CONCLUSIONS
In summary, the authors found Erwinia asparaginase to be an acceptable substitute for E. coli asparaginase for most children who had allergic reactions. Through the use of both E. coli and Erwinia asparaginase, 94% of children could receive their intended asparaginase.
Billett
A L
AL
Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115.
Carls
A
A
Gelber
R D
RD
Sallan
S E
SE
D000293:Adolescent; D001215:Asparaginase / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016973:Pectobacterium carotovorum / Q000201:enzymology*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001215:Asparaginase