title: Validation of estimates of energy intake by weighed dietary record and diet history in children and adolescents.
abstract: Energy intakes assessed by 7-d weighted dietary records (EI-WDRs) and diet histories (EI-DHs) were compared with concurrent estimates of total energy expenditure (TEE) by the doubly labeled water method in 78 subjects aged 3-18 y. EI-WDRs were not obtained from the 3- and 5-y-old subjects. EI-WDRs in the 7- and 9-y-old children were 108 +/- 25% (n = 12) and 97 +/- 15% (n = 12), respectively, of corresponding TEE values showing good agreement. However in the 12-, 15-, and 18-y-old subjects EI-WDR averaged 89 +/- 12% (n = 12), 78 +/- 18% (n = 12), and 73 +/- 25% (n = 10), respectively, of corresponding TEE values. The difference was greater than or equal to 20% in 13 adolescents. Mean EI-DHs were 114 +/- 19% (3 y), 111 +/- 19% (5 y), 111 +/- 23% (7 y), 106 +/- 9% (9 y), 114 +/- 17% (12 y), 101 +/- 21% (15 y), and 98 +/- 21% (18 y) of TEE estimates. Differences were significant in the 3-, 9-, and 12-y-old subjects. Results suggest that 7-d EI-WDRs tend to underestimate food intake of adolescents. Although EI-DHs were biased towards overestimation in most age groups and individual measurements lacked precision, EI-DHs were more representative of habitual intake than were EI-WDRs.
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Research Group, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Livingstone
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Prentice
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Coward
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Strain
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Whitehead
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015982:Bias; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015930:Diet Records; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male