title: Surgical management of locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the rectum.
abstract: Approximately 5% of rectal cancers are locally advanced with adherence to the vagina, uterus, bladder, prostate, or other structures. Sacral involvement is fortunately rare in primary cancers. In about 50% of patients there is histologic confirmation of tumor invasion in the area of adherence. It is important to recognize the nature of these tumors pre-operatively so that the patient can be prepared for an exenterative procedure should this be necessary. When these tumors are removed en bloc, 5-year survival rates of 50% can be obtained with survival depending on the presence or absence of regional metastasis and also the presence or absence of histologic tumor invasion into adjacent structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Devine
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Dozois
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*