title: Venous levels of lidocaine and bupivacaine after midtarsal ankle block.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No data are available on blood levels of local anesthetics after ankle block.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients received 13 ml 2% lidocaine and ten received 30 ml 0.75% bupivacaine for unilateral or bilateral midtarsal ankle blocks, respectively. Blood levels were drawn at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after injections. All patients had forefoot surgery with elastic bandages (Esmarch) applied as a tourniquet immediately above the ankle intraoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean peak level of lidocaine was 1.1 micrograms/ml, and of bupivacaine, 0.5 micrograms/ml. The mean duration of analgesia was 17 hours with 0.75% bupivacaine. Duration could not be assessed in the lidocaine group because these were ambulatory patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low peak level of local anesthesia and the prolonged analgesia confirmed the safety and efficacy of midtarsal ankle block for forefoot surgery and suggest that bupivacaine may be the local anesthetic agent of choice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital for Special Surgery, Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York 10021.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mineo
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Sharrock
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000842:Ankle / Q000294:innervation*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D005528:Foot / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block; D014680:Veins
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine