title: Clinical implications of otolith-ocular reflexes.
abstract: While difficult to test clinically, otolith-induced vestibular responses play an important role in both vestibulo-ocular and vestibulo-spinal reflexes, and are likely a source of symptoms in patients with vestibular disorders. Here we review basic aspects of otolith-induced vestibulo-ocular reflexes and consider some clinical implications of disordered otolith function. Emphasis is placed on ocular responses to translation and to tilt and the influence of gravity on vestibulo-ocular responses induced during head rotation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Zee
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hain
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D006801:Humans; D009068:Movement; D010037:Otolithic Membrane / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012027:Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular; D015837:Vestibular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*