title: Mammalian hormones in microbial cells.
abstract: Hormones and hormone-binding proteins resembling those of vertebrates are widespread in fungi, yeast and bacteria. Functional responses of microbial cells to mammalian hormones have also been found. The evolutionary roots of the vertebrate endocrine system may, therefore, be far more ancient than is generally believed.
authors.affiliation: UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (at Rutgers), Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Piscataway 08854-5635.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lenard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D005075:Biological Evolution; D005658:Fungi / Q000502:physiology*; D006728:Hormones / Q000502:physiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology; D008322:Mammals / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin