title: Eighty-four consecutive breast reconstructions using a textured silicone tissue expander.
abstract: Breast reconstruction utilizing smooth-surface silicone tissue expanders is associated with certain problems. Significant capsular contracture may develop around the expander with subsequent expander displacement necessitating repositioning or capsulectomy at the time of expander removal. Infection, pain on expansion, chest-wall compression, and complications related to the remote fill valve also have been reported. A textured-surface silicone expander with an integrated fill valve was developed to address these issues. Eighty-four consecutive breast reconstructions were performed by a single surgeon using textured expanders in 55 patients. Intraexpander pressures were measured during expansion for a group of these patients, and both initial and postinflation pressure readings were quite low (average initial pressure 2.88 mmHg; average postinflation pressure 12.87 mmHg). Eighty-one of the reconstructions have been completed without any expander losses and with minimal complications. Tissue expander volume averaged 580 cc, and the expansion duration averaged 5.6 months. Various types and configurations of permanent implants were used to complete the reconstructions. Eighty-four percent of our patients' completed reconstructions (including nippleareola reconstruction and opposite breast alteration, when necessary) were accomplished with just two procedures. Seventeen long-term adjustable textured-surface expander/implants with anatomic breast shape are still in place, all after only one operation. The inframmary fold has generally been established passively by the expansion process alone. Textured-surface silicone expanders have stayed where positioned, have expanded easily with minimal patient pain, and have created a noncontractile soft-tissue cover for the final implant. The textured expander with an integrated fill valve has simplified breast reconstruction by helping to limit the problems encountered with smooth silicone expanders. The resulting reconstructions have remained soft with a very acceptable aesthetic appearance. The patient office and hospital charts and photographs of this consecutive series were notarized and submitted to the Editor of this Journal, whose biostatistician randomly selected the cases illustrated.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Baptist Hospital, Nashville, Tenn.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Falcone
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009558:Nipples / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D012828:Silicones; D015625:Tissue Expansion Devices
chemical_list: D012828:Silicones