title: Vertical growth of the anterior face: a new approach.
abstract: The mechanism of anterior vertical facial growth was studied in normal subjects between 7 and 22 years of age. This subsample (n = 60) of participants in the Nijmegen Growth Study was representative of normal variation with respect to vertical facial proportions. A negative correlation was found between the average growth rate of the upper and lower anterior facial height in boys. Boys with a relatively large facial height exhibited a higher than average growth rate of the lower anterior facial height compared with the upper facial height. In girls a similar trend was present. The individual average growth rate of the anterior upper and lower facial height maintains or accentuates the early established facial form.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ligthelm-Bakker
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wattel
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Uljee
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Prahl-Andersen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001827:Body Height; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002680:Chin / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000254:growth & development; D008437:Maxilla / Q000254:growth & development; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D009666:Nose / Q000254:growth & development; D012737:Sex Factors; D014716:Vertical Dimension