title: Human chromosome 12 is required for optimal interactions between Tat and TAR of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in rodent cells.
abstract: Levels of trans activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat (HIV-1 LTR) by the virally encoded transactivator Tat show marked species-specific differences. For example, levels of transactivation observed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) rodent cells are 10-fold lower than those in human cells or in CHO cells that contain the human chromosome 12. Thus, the human chromosome 12 codes for a protein or proteins that are required for optimal Tat activity. Here, the function of these cellular proteins was analyzed by using a number of modified HIV-1 LTRs and Tats. Neither DNA-binding proteins that bind to the HIV-1 LTR nor proteins that interact with the activation domain of Tat could be implicated in this defect. However, since species-specific differences were no longer observed with hybrid proteins that contain the activation domain of Tat fused to heterologous RNA-binding proteins, optimal interactions between Tat and the trans-acting responsive RNA (TAR) must depend on this factor(s).
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0724.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Derse
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Peterlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D002881:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12; D006224:Cricetinae; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000378:metabolism*; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015696:Gene Products, tat; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus