title: Simultaneous conditioning in honeybees (Apis mellifera).
abstract: Honeybees (Apis mellifera) were classically conditioned with odor as conditioned stimulus (CS), sucrose as unconditioned stimulus (US), and proboscis extension as response. The purpose of Experiment 1 (Ns = 26 and 27) was to look for facilitation of forward conditioning by CS-US overlap, but rapid conditioning without overlap left little room for improvement. In 2 further experiments, CS and US were simultaneous, and response to odor alone was measured in subsequent tests. In Experiment 2, a Simultaneous group (N = 25) responded more to the training odor than did an Unpaired control group (N = 25). In Experiment 3, a differentially conditioned Simultaneous group (N = 29) responded more to an odor paired with sucrose in training (S+) than to an odor presented alone (S-). The implications of the results for the problem of the role of amount of reward in honeybee learning are considered.
authors.affiliation: University of Hawaii.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Batson
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hoban
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bitterman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001070:Appetitive Behavior; D001245:Association Learning; D001288:Attention; D001516:Bees; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D011939:Mental Recall; D012903:Smell; D013649:Taste