Tuberculin skin test reactivity among adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) results in decreased cell-mediated immunity, which includes decreased delayed hypersensitivity to skin test antigens. HIV-1 seropositivity and skin test reactivity to purified protein derivative (PPD) were determined among 2042 healthy Haitian adults with normal chest radiographs. Among HIV-1-seropositive individuals, 52.3% (146/279) had PPD reactions greater than or equal to 10 mm compared with 67.2% (1184/1763) of the seronegative adults (P less than .001). However, the percentage of HIV-1-seropositive individuals with PPD reactions greater than or equal to 5 mm was similar to the percentage of seronegative adults with PPD reactions greater than or equal to 10 mm (180/279 [64.5%] vs. 1184/1763 [67.2%]). Assuming that the rate of prior infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis was similar for HIV-1-seronegative and -seropositive populations, these data provide support for the recent recommendations to use induration of greater than or equal to 5 mm as evidence of past infection with M. tuberculosis in HIV-1 seropositive adults.
Johnson
M P
MP
Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Coberly
J S
JS
Clermont
H C
HC
Chaisson
R E
RE
Davis
H L
HL
Losikoff
P
P
Ruff
A J
AJ
Boulos
R
R
Halsey
N A
NA
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008297:Male; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology
D015483:HIV Antibodies