title: Crack use and human immunodeficiency virus infection among San Francisco intravenous drug users.
abstract: The relationship between crack use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and risk behavior among 1281 intravenous drug users in treatment is analyzed. Of these patients, 23% reported crack use, and blacks and women were more likely to use crack. Of crack users 19% were HIV positive, in comparison to 8% of non-users (OR = 2.9, P = 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, the association was no longer significant (OR = 1.4, P = 0.14). Independent behavioral predictors of HIV seropositivity were number of sexual partners, and intravenous cocaine use among blacks. Crack use was a marker for high-risk sexual and drug use behavior in the study population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Vranizan
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Gorter
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Keffelew
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Moss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016578:Crack Cocaine; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044469:Racial Groups; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012495:San Francisco; D012737:Sex Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D016578:Crack Cocaine