title: The changing importance of prognostic factors in breast cancer during long-term follow-up.
abstract: A cohort of 464 breast-cancer patients were followed up for over 10 years and the clinical, histological and morphometric factors were related to survival within different time periods during follow-up. Tumor diameter, axillary lymph-node status (pN), tubule formation and the fraction of intraductal growth as determined from the primary tumor biopsy specimen had prognostic value up to 5 years. Histological grade, morphometric nuclear factors and the M/V index had only short-term prognostic value immediately after the primary therapy. In axillary lymph-node-negative (ANN) tumors tubule formation, intraductal growth, tumor necrosis and tumor diameter had prognostic value during the first 3 postoperative years. In axillary lymph-node-positive (ANP) tumors, tumor diameter, intraductal growth and tubule formation had long-term prognostic value whereas the M/V index had prognostic value only for 1 postoperative year. Tumor diameter, axillary lymph-node status, tubule formation and the proportion of intraductal growth also had independent long-term prognostic value in a multivariate analysis and accordingly these factors can categorize breast-cancer patients into prognostic groups after several years of follow-up. In contrast, mitotic frequency loses its prognostic power within 2 postoperative years, while morphometric nuclear factors and histological grade have no practical prognostic value after 1 year of follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lipponen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aaltomaa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eskelinen
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Kosma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Syrjänen
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009336:Necrosis; D011379:Prognosis