title: Endoscopic transpapillary catheterization of the gallbladder followed by external shock wave lithotripsy and solvent infusion for the treatment of gallstone disease.
abstract: Herein we describe the techniques and early results of attempted endoscopic transpapillary catheterization of the gallbladder (ETCG) in combination with external shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and solvent infusion in the treatment of 23 consecutive, symptomatic patients with gallstones. Despite anticipated difficulty in advancing wires and catheters through the cystic duct, impeded by tortuosity of its lumen, ETCG was successfully accomplished in 20 of the 23 patients (86.9%). Through an indwelling catheter, obstructed gallbladders were drained in 4 patients and combined treatment with ESWL and infused solvents was carried out in 18 patients. Combined treatment resulted in elimination of gallstones from the gallbladders of 14 of 18 patients (77.7%). Treatment was complicated by mild pancreatitis in only 1 of 20 successfully catheterized patients; there was no mortality.
authors.affiliation: First Propaedeutic Surgical Clinic, Athens University Medical School, Greece.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Feretis
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Malas
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mansouras
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Koutsoumanis
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Apostolidis
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Papadimitriou
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Golematis
mesh_terms: D014670:Ampulla of Vater; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002765:Cholecystography; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004987:Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005704:Gallbladder; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004987:Ethers; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D012997:Solvents; C043243:methyl tert-butyl ether; D004492:Edetic Acid