title: Effects of antioxidants on oxygen toxicity in vivo and lipid peroxidation in vitro.
abstract: Convulsions and pulmonary damage result when animals are exposed to hyperbaric oxygen at pressures above about 300 kPa. Several hydroxyl radical scavengers (namely dimethylsulphoxide, dimethylthiourea and mannitol), the iron chelator desferrioxamine and the lipid antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene were tested for possible protection against such hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. Dimethylthiourea and dimethylsulphoxide prolonged the latency to the first convulsion, but, surprisingly, dimethylthiourea very significantly increased pulmonary damage at both pressures used (515 and 585 kPa). Desferrioxamine also slightly increased lung damage at 585 kPa. Other antioxidants did not alter neurotoxicity or pulmonary toxicity induced by hyperbaric oxygen at 515 or 585 kPa. The antioxidants were also tested for their ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation (TBARS formation) in vitro. Desferrioxamine (5 and 50 microM), and butylated hydroxytoluene (0.1 mM and 1 mM) greatly inhibited TBARS formation in brain and lung homogenates incubated at 37 degrees. None of the hydroxyl radical scavengers affected TBARS levels in homogenates. There was no correlation between in vitro inhibition of lipid peroxidation and in vivo protection against oxygen toxicity.
authors.affiliation: School of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jamieson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation / Q000009:adverse effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000633:toxicity*; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010100:Oxygen