Selection of controls in case-control studies. III. Design options.
Several design options available in the planning stage of case-control studies are examined. Topics covered include matching, control/case ratio, choice of nested case-control or case-cohort design, two-stage sampling, and other methods that can be used for control selection. The effect of potential problems in obtaining comparable accuracy of exposure is also examined. A discussion of the difficulty in meeting the principles of study base, deconfounding, and comparable accuracy (S. Wacholder et al. Am J Epidemiol 1992;135:1019-28) in a single study completes this series of papers.
Wacholder
S
S
Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
Silverman
D T
DT
McLaughlin
J K
JK
Mandel
J S
JS
D015982:Bias; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D006801:Humans; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010934:Planning Techniques; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards*; D012494:Sampling Studies; D015983:Selection Bias