Hyperandrogenism: new insights into etiology, diagnosis, and therapy.
Mutations in the genes for the insulin receptor, 21-hydroxylase, 11 beta-hydroxylase, and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isomerase enzymes are associated with hyperandrogenism. These genetic causes of hyperandrogenism account for less than 10% of all cases. A major goal of future research will be to identify other genetic causes of hyperandrogenism. Evidence continues to accumulate that luteinizing hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, and insulin are major factors regulating ovarian androgen production. Optimal therapy for hyperandrogenism probably includes simultaneous suppression of androgen production and blockade of androgen action.
Barbieri
R L
RL
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.
D015096:3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics; D000052:Acanthosis Nigricans; D000728:Androgens / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006628:Hirsutism / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D010375:Pedigree; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics; D013577:Syndrome
D000728:Androgens; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D015096:3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D011972:Receptor, Insulin