title: The effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on undifferentiated and mature acute myelogenous leukemia blast progenitors.
abstract: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been used recently to recruit undifferentiated acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) blasts into the S-phase of the cell cycle and increase the fraction of cells killed by cell cycle-specific drugs. Using three AML blast colony assays combined with a suspension culture (delta assay), we determined the in vitro effect of GM-CSF on mature and undifferentiated AML blast progenitors obtained from bone marrow aspirates of six AML patients. GM-CSF stimulated AML blast colony proliferation at a concentration of 5 ng/ml in the methylcellulose and the agar clonogenic assays in six of six AML marrow samples. However, in the delta assay, which selects for immature AML progenitors, GM-CSF did not affect AML blast colony-forming cells in five of six AML marrow samples at concentrations ranging from 5 to 300 ng/ml. Our data imply that GM-CSF stimulates mature but not undifferentiated AML blast progenitors. It is therefore possible that GM-CSF may not be beneficial as a recruiting agent in most AML patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology and Biological Therapy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Estrov
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Reading
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Estey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talpaz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurzrock
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Deisseroth
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Gutterman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001752:Blast Crisis / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor