title: Retinoic acid in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: inefficacy of the 13-cis isomer and induction of complete remission by the all-trans isomer complicated by thromboembolic events.
abstract: The clinical course of three patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia receiving all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) as a single agent is reported. The first two patients were in first and second relapse of their leukemia that had occurred despite maintenance treatment with 13-cis retinoic acid after chemotherapy-induced complete remission (CR). A switch to ATRA was followed by achievement of a CR in two patients. The third patient received ATRA as first-line therapy. Two patients experienced thromboembolic complications during the phase of ATRA-induced leukocytosis. One of them died of pulmonary embolism on day 16 of treatment. The two responding patients who did not receive consolidation chemotherapy relapsed after 6 and 9 months, respectively. Increase of the ATRA dose failed to induce a new remission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Runde
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aul
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Südhoff
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heyll
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D012074:Remission Induction; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014212:Tretinoin