title: Emergency center thoracotomy: impact of prehospital resuscitation.
abstract: Emergency center thoracotomy was performed at our facility on 389 patients from 1984 through 1989. There were no patients excluded from the study, and survival for all patients was 8.3% with survival rates of 15.2% and 7.3% for stab and gunshot wounds, respectively. Emergency center thoracotomy was performed on 42 patients suffering from isolated extrathoracic injuries with 7% survival. There were no survivors of blunt trauma in this study. Fifty-three percent of the patients arrived with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in progress. The average time of prehospital CPR for survivors was 5.1 minutes compared with 9.1 minutes for nonsurvivors. Of the survivors, prehospital endotracheal intubation prolonged successful toleration of CPR to 9.4 minutes compared with 4.2 minutes for nonintubated surviving patients (p less than 0.001). Emergency center thoracotomy is useful in the resuscitation of victims dying of penetrating truncal trauma. Prehospital endotracheal intubation significantly lengthened the time of successful CPR.
authors.affiliation: Cora and Webb Mading Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Durham
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Pepe
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Mattox
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006335:Heart Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D013997:Time Factors; D014193:Trauma Centers; D016896:Treatment Outcome