title: Idiopathic hypercalciuria causing osteoporosis and hypocalcemia.
abstract: Idiopathic hypercalciuria, though a common cause of nephrolithiasis, has not been recognized to cause hypocalcemia and severe bone disease. We describe an adolescent with idiopathic hypercalciuria who presented initially with severe hypocalcemia and osteoporosis and this was later complicated by recurrent renal calculi formation after calcium and vitamin D supplement. After treatment with thiazide, hypercalciuria was controlled and serum biochemistry normalized. While idiopathic renal hypercalciuria may cause a negative calcium balance in adults, a variant of this syndrome with severe renal calcium leak occurring in a growing subject could lead to severe hypocalcemia and osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Pun
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002118:Calcium / Q000652:urine*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000652:urine; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium