title: Gangrenous cholecystitis as a complication of hepatic artery embolization: case report.
abstract: Ischemic injury to the gallbladder has been described after hepatic artery embolization but has not been considered a clinically significant complication of this procedure. We present three cases in which therapeutic embolization resulted in symptomatic gangrenous cholecystitis requiring urgent surgical intervention. Clinical parameters that distinguish this infrequent ischemic septic process from the more common postembolization syndrome are discussed and recommendations concerning the diagnosis and management of these complicated patients are outlined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Sinanan
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Coldwell
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000628:therapy; D002430:Cecal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005734:Gangrene / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006394:Hemangiosarcoma / Q000628:therapy; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed