title: Hangman's fracture in Singapore (1975-1988).
abstract: A retrospective study of 33 patients with fracture of the ring of the axis (hangman's fracture) admitted to the Spinal Unit of the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine in the Tan Tock Seng Hospital between 1975 and 1988 was carried out. The aims were to establish the causes, mechanism and outcome of injuries that lead to Hangman's fracture in Singapore. The majority were males (27) and their ages ranged from 16 to 82 with a mean age of 33.7 years. 63.6% (21 cases) were due to road traffic accidents of whom 33% (11 cases) were motorcyclists or pillion riders and 30.3% (10 cases) were drivers or passengers of four wheel vehicles such as cars and vans. Using Effendi et al's classification, we have 21 type I, 11 type II and one type III fractures. Thirteen type I, 6 type II and one type III cases had no neurological deficit on admission. The rest had deficits ranging from tetraparesis to pure bladder dysfunction. After rehabilitation, 28 (84.8%) of them were able to return to gainful employment within a year of their injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tang Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Balachandran
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint / Q000293:injuries*; D001368:Axis, Cervical Vertebra / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000145:classification* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012846:Singapore; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000145:classification* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D014143:Traction