Complete heart block complicating retrograde left-heart catheterization of patients with cardiac allografts.
The development of complete heart block during left-sided cardiac catheterization is an uncommon event. We describe three cases of complete heart block complicating left-sided cardiac catheterization of patients with cardiac allografts. Review of the cases performed at our institution suggests that complete heart block during left-sided catheterization may be more common in patients with cardiac allografts.
Sack
J B
JB
University of California, Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles 90024.
MacAlpin
R
R
Gerber
R
R
Gupta
V K
VK
Sherman
C T
CT
Yeatman
L
L
D000368:Aged; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006327:Heart Block / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged