title: Bioremediation of soils contaminated with the herbicide 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb).
abstract: A novel soil treatment method for achieving the removal of dinoseb (2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol) from contaminated soils was investigated. One soil contained dinoseb as the major contaminant, although several other hazardous compounds were also present. A second soil was highly contaminated with dinoseb. Dinoseb was not degraded in these soils under the aerobic conditions at each site. Pretreatment of the soils by the addition of a starchy potato-processing by-product and flooding with phosphate buffer stimulated the consumption of oxygen and nitrate from the soils, thereby lowering the redox potential and creating anaerobic conditions. Anaerobiosis (Eh less than -200 mV) promoted the establishment of an anaerobic microbial consortium that degraded dinoseb completely, without the formation of the polymerization products seen under aerobic or microaerophilic conditions. When dinoseb was present at low concentrations in a chronically contaminated soil, the natural microflora was capable of establishing anaerobic conditions and degrading dinoseb as a result of starch degradation. Inoculation of this soil with an aerobic starch-degrading microorganism and then an acclimated, anaerobic, dinoseb-degrading consortium did not improve dinoseb degradation. In a second acutely contaminated soil, these inoculations improved dinoseb degradation rates over those of uninoculated controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow 83843.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Kaake
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Crawford
mesh_terms: D019297:2,4-Dinitrophenol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001711:Biotransformation; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D004140:Dinitrophenols / Q000032:analysis*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D004140:Dinitrophenols; D006540:Herbicides; D002244:Carbon; D019297:2,4-Dinitrophenol; C018527:dinoseb