title: Human blood monocyte activation by Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton for productions of interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
abstract: Human blood monocytes were obtained from peripheral blood of healthy donors by counter-flow centrifugal elutriation. Functional integrity of monocytes for production of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in response to Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) was examined by bioassay and enzyme immunoassay. Monocytes treated with N-CWS at more than 0.5 microgram/ml produced IL-1 and TNF-alpha extracellularly. Extracellular TNF activity appeared within 4 h, and maximally, 16 h after N-CWS stimulation, whereas longer time was needed for IL-1 activity to appear, the peak production being at 24 h. The neutralizing experiment also showed that anti TNF-alpha antibody did not affect IL-1 production by the monocytes treated with N-CWS, suggesting independency of IL-1 production of TNF-alpha. These results suggest that the therapeutic antitumor effect of N-CWS is due, in part at least, to the augmented production of these monokines.
authors.affiliation: Exploratory Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogura
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry*; D017358:Cell Wall Skeleton; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009615:Nocardia / Q000737:chemistry*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D017358:Cell Wall Skeleton; D007375:Interleukin-1; D009088:Mucoproteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C044553:cell wall skeleton, Nocardia