Cytokine regulation of gut ornithine decarboxylase gene expression and enzyme activity.
BACKGROUND
The enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in polyamine biosynthesis and is important for gut mucosal repair after systemic injury (e.g., burns); however, the mechanisms responsible for the injury-mediated induction of ODC are not known. The purpose of this study was to determine whether interleukin-1 (IL-1) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which are released immediately after injury, regulates gut mucosal ODC enzyme activity and gene expression.


METHODS
In vivo: In experiment 1, 64 male BALB/c mice received either recombinant IL-1 beta (2 x 10(4) units/kg administered intraperitoneally) or saline solution. In experiment 2, 64 mice received either recombinant TNF-alpha (100 micrograms/kg administered intraperitoneally) or saline solution. We determined ODC enzyme activity and ODC mRNA levels in small intestine and kidneys at 2, 4, 12, and 24 hours after injection. In vitro: We also determined the ODC enzyme activity in intestinal epithelial crypt cells after either IL-1 beta or TNF-alpha treatment.


RESULTS
IL-1, but not TNF, increased small intestinal ODC enzyme activity. In addition, IL-1 increased ODC enzyme activity in intestinal epithelial crypt cells at 5 and 6 hours after treatment. Both IL-1 and TNF increased small intestinal ODC mRNA levels. Neither agent affected ODC enzyme activity or ODC mRNA levels in the kidney.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that the cytokine-mediated induction of ODC in the small intestine is tissue specific, that the induction occurs at multiple cellular levels, and that ODC may play a vital role in the restoration of gut mucosa that occurs after injury.
Chung
D H
DH
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
Evers
B M
BM
Townsend
C M
CM
Herndon
D N
DN
Ko
T C
TC
Uchida
T
T
Thompson
J C
JC
D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002460:Cell Line; D015870:Gene Expression; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology*; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase