title: Stability of psychological impairment: two year follow-up of former microelectronics workers' affective and personality disturbance.
abstract: For the past twenty years women's complaints in the microelectronics industry have often been diagnosed as mass psychogenic illness, despite evidence of potential exposure to organic solvents, which have been associated with affect and mood changes. In the present study, the standard version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was used to evaluate affective and personality disturbance among 63 former microelectronics workers (56 women and 7 men) over a two-year period of time. In both 1986 and 1988, the former workers obtained mean scale score elevations beyond two standard deviations above the normative sample (T = greater than 70) on the MMPI clinical scales of schizophrenia, hypochondriasis, psychasthenia, depression and hysteria. For most scales, 86-88 mean score differences did not attain the 0.05 significance level (two-tailed paired t-test) and no significant differences were observed for 86-88 comparison scale scores = greater than 70 (McNemar paired statistic). Although there were too few men to perform gender comparisons, men scored higher than women on 5 scales and all of the men had scores = greater than 70 on hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, psychasthenia and schizophrenia. These findings reveal that these former microelectronics workers manifested affective and personality disturbances, consistent with organic solvent toxicity, which persisted over a two year period, indicating that they were not reactive, transient hysterical neurosis.
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Occupational Health Clinic, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bowler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mergler
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Rauch
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bowler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004581:Electronics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006998:Hypochondriasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D008950:MMPI; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000523:psychology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012997:Solvents / Q000506:poisoning
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents