title: Mild and moderate dyskaryosis: can women be selected for colposcopy on the basis of social criteria?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the distribution of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades among women with mild and moderate dyskaryosis after a single cervical smear and to determine whether social criteria could help identify women who are at increased risk of grade II or III disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional analysis within a randomised prospective study. Subjects had a repeat smear, a colposcopic examination, and an excision biopsy of the transformation zone. In addition, women were asked to complete a social questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colposcopy clinic, Aberdeen.
  
  
  METHODS
  228 women with a single smear test showing mild or moderate dyskaryosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histology, age, sexual and contraceptive history, cigarette smoking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  159 (70%) women had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades II or III. Among current smokers the prevalence of grade II and III disease was higher in women who smoked greater than or equal to 20 cigarettes a day (84%) than among those who smoked less (66%; p less than 0.04). Women with more than one sexual partner also had a higher prevalence (75%) than women with only one partner (50%; p = 0.0028). Use of oral contraceptives and younger age were not significantly associated. The prevalence of grade II or III disease was up to 66% in the lower risk groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of the high prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades II and III in both the high and the low risk groups social factors are not useful for selecting women with mild or moderate dyskaryosis for either early referral to colposcopy or cytological surveillance.
authors.affiliation: Harris Birthright Research Centre, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Flannelly
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kitchener
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Templeton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003127:Colposcopy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D014626:Vaginal Smears