title: Cytotoxic functions of blood mononuclear cells in patients with colorectal carcinoma treated with mAb 17-1A and granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor.
abstract: Unconjugated monoclonal antibodies (mAb) may induce tumour regression in patients. The mechanisms of action are complex. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is considered one of the effector functions. Augmentation of the killing capacity of cytotoxic cells may thus be a way to increase the therapeutic potential of mAb. Granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to enhance this function in vitro. Eighteen patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma received GM-CSF (250 micrograms m-2 day-1 s.c.) for 10 days and a single infusion of the anti-(colon carcinoma) mAb 17-1A (mouse IgG2A) (400 mg) on day 3 of the cycle. The cycles were repeated once a month four times. Neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and lymphocytes increased significantly in a biphasic way. However, at the fourth cycle the rise in white blood cells was significantly lower compared to the preceding courses. ADCC (SW948, a human CRC cell line,+mAb 17-1A) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was significantly (P less than 0.05) augmented by day 6 of a cycle and then declined gradually and, at the end of a cycle, the ADCC activity had returned to the pretreatment level. The spontaneous cytotoxicity of PBMC against the natural-killer-resistant cell line, SW948, varied in a similar way. During GM-CSF treatment there was also a significant increase in FcRI+ (CD64), FcRII+ (CD32), FcRIII+ (CD16) and CD14+ cells but not of CD56+ cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology (Radiumhemmet), Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ragnhammar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Masucci
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Frödin
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hjelm
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mellstedt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity / Q000187:drug effects*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor