title: The total reconstruction of the tympanic membrane by the "crowncork" technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The "crowncork tympanoplasty" is a technique for the total reconstruction of the tympanic membrane. It is recommended in cases of ear malformation, blunting phenomena, and total deficiency of the membrane caused by chronic otitis media.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 12 patients undergoing "crowncork tympanoplasty" were reviewed. This includes 5 patients who were operated on because of middle ear malformation, 6 cases with a blunting phenomena following prior tympanoplasty, and 1 patient with chronic otitis media.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In each case an intact tympanic membrane was achieved. The air bone was reduced to 17, 19, 16, and 11 dB in the frequency 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 Hz.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of cartilage for tympanoplasty has been useful despite the comparatively worse vibration characteristics of the rigid material. Total reconstruction of selected problem cases using this "crowncork technique" has resulted in good healing with favorable hearing results and should be incorporated into the routine of the skilled otosurgeon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hartwein
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Leuwer
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kehrl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D002648:Child; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000002:abnormalities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000601:surgery; D014433:Tympanoplasty / Q000379:methods*