Psychotherapy for cocaine dependence.
Dependence on cocaine is a new disorder for contemporary US clinicians. Until the 1980s sufficient quantities of the drug were not available to produce a true dependence. Thus far the only models for pharmacological intervention involve an interaction between medication and psychotherapy; that is, medication may be able to facilitate a drug-free interval during which time the patient can be engaged in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy programmes for cocaine dependence have generally been modelled on group-oriented treatments of the type used by Alcoholics Anonymous. Controlled studies of therapy programmes for cocaine dependence are currently being conducted and one prospective random-assignment study comparing day hospital and in-patient rehabilitation shows generally good results. Behavioural treatments aimed at reducing or extinguishing conditioned responses in cocaine addicts have also shown efficacy in a controlled study. More general relapse prevention procedures including rehearsal and role-playing are also used in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Combinations of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy have so far shown the most promise in the treatment of this disorder.
O'Brien
C P
CP
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania/Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia 19104/6178.
McLellan
A T
AT
Alterman
A
A
Childress
A R
AR
D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods; D003042:Cocaine; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000502:physiology; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D003042:Cocaine