The effect of increasing photoperiod and food restriction in sexed broiler-type birds. I. Growth and abdominal fat cellularity.
1. Sexed broiler-type chicks were raised either under a continuous (CON) 23 h Light (L) and 1 h Dark (D) schedule or an increasing photoperiod (INC) consisting of an initial 6 h L and 18 h D which increased by 4 h L per week from 14 to 35 d of age after which a 23 L:1D was maintained to 49 d of age. 2. From 5 to 11 d of age birds were fed either: ad libitum (AL), energy intake (kJ ME) restricted to 9.414 x gBW0.67 (R1) or energy intake (kJ ME) restricted to 6.276 x gBW0.67 (R2). Food intake was ad libitum at all other times. 3. Food restriction reduced growth to 49 d of age although some compensatory growth did occur. Food efficiency was not significantly affected by restriction. 4. Although abdominal fat pad weight was significantly reduced for R2 compared to AL, this was not significant on a percentage body weight basis. 5. Adipocyte number in the abdominal fat pad was similar for AL, R1 and R2, but concomitant with a smaller fat pad weight, R2 showed reduced adipocyte volume compared to AL. 6. INC birds were lighter at 21 d of age, but body weights were equivalent to CON by 42 d of age. 7. Abdominal fat pad weight was some 10% larger at 49 d of age for INC birds. Adipocyte volume was unaffected, the increase in adipocyte being entirely caused by an increase in adipocyte number in INC birds.
Newcombe
M
M
US Department of Agriculture, Poultry Research Laboratory, Georgetown, DE 19947.
Cartwright
A L
AL
Harter-Dennis
J M
JM
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development*; D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D015430:Weight Gain