title: A model of heat-induced clonogenic cell death.
abstract: When cells are exposed to elevated temperatures, clonogenicity decreases in a temperature-dependent manner displaying non-linear kinetics. In this report we show that the survival of synchronized cell populations after heat exposure can be characterized by a parameter epsilon, which is normally-distributed throughout the population. Cells whose corresponding epsilon-value lies below an arbitrary threshold value epsilon min are unable to form a colony. Upon transfer of a cell culture to an elevated temperature, the mean value of the epsilon distribution decreases exponentially over time with a rate dependent upon the difference between the current and final mean value, until reaching a final value epsilon f dependent on the particular temperature used, thus representing a larger proportion of cells with epsilon less than epsilon min which are non-clonogenic. The analyses evaluate a temperature-independent parameter k which is presumed to be dependent upon the growth conditions of the cell population, and a temperature-dependent parameter epsilon f, which is characteristic of the new temperature-perturbed steady state. Comparison of the results of analysis of synchronized G1 cell survival data to that for S phase cells obtained over a range of temperatures shows that it is sufficient to ascribe the increased thermal sensitivity of S phase cells to a different k value, the temperature-dependence of epsilon f being identical in the two cases. Linear regression analysis of the temperature-dependence of epsilon f, when expressed as 1n (-epsilon f) = a0 + a1/T demonstrated strong linearity (r2 = 0.99) for either the individual (G1 or S) or combined data sets. This description of heat-induced cytotoxicity may be of use as the basis for a dose concept for the clinical administration of hyperthermia.
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mackey
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Roti Roti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology*; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000502:physiology; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy