title: Comparative pharmacological profile of muscarinic agonists in the isolated ileum, the pithed rat, and the mouse charcoal meal transit test.
abstract: 1. Several reportedly selective (McN-A-343, M1; RS-86, M2; pilocarpine, M3) and non-selective (oxotremorine, acetylcholine, cis-dioxalone, arecoline, muscarine) muscarinic agonists were examined for comparative pharmacological potency in three diverse models: the guinea pig ileum, the pithed rat, and the mouse charcoal meal transit test. 2. In the guinea pig ileum, all of the compounds examined were associated with concentration-dependent contractions. 3. The apparent order of potency in the isolated ileum was cis-dioxalone greater than acetylcholine greater than oxotremorine greater than arecoline greater than RS-86 greater than pilocarpine greater than McN-A-343. 4. The pA2 values for atropine and pirenzepine in the ileum ranged from 8.4 to 9.4 and 6.1 to 7.7, respectively, indicative of a single receptor, most likely M3. 5. In the mouse charcoal meal transit test, non-selective muscarinic agonists produced dose-dependent increases in gastrointestinal transit, while selective agonists failed to produce any significant changes. 6. Scopolamine methylbromide, a peripherally acting non-selective muscarinic antagonist, significantly reduced the ability of muscarine to increase transit. 7. The compounds were further examined for dose-dependent pressor effects in the pithed rat, which are known to be mediated by stimulation of M1-receptors in sympathetic ganglia. 8. McN-A-343 produced the greatest pressor response, as measured by the percent increase in mean pressure, followed by pilocarpine. 9. Pirenzepine antagonized the pressor response of McN-A-343 and pilocarpine in a dose-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Greenfield, IN 46140.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Colbert
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Shetler
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Turk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002606:Charcoal; D003655:Decerebrate State; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D002606:Charcoal