Mechanistic studies in the transcuticular delivery of antiparasitic drugs. II: Ex vivo/in vitro correlation of solute transport by Ascaris suum.
Using live, intact Ascaris suum and a closed perfusion system, the absorption kinetics and tissue distribution of selected radiolabeled permeants were measured to determine the importance of the transcuticular pathway for drug absorption. The data support the conclusions established by previous in vitro transport studies which utilized excised cuticle-hypocuticle tissue preparations. The external surface of A. suum can be breached by drugs and the rate-determining barrier is the lipoidal hypocuticle tissue, provided the permeant is sufficiently small to traverse the aqueous-filled, negatively charged collagen matrix of the cuticle. The ex vivo permeability coefficients of the model permeants for the cuticle-hypocuticle barrier were in good quantitative agreement with the in vitro permeability coefficients. The lipophilic permeants hydrocortisone and p-nitrophenol were preferentially distributed in the gut tissue, whereas the hydrophilic permeant urea was distributed evenly throughout the organism and was extensively metabolized. Ligated and nonligated A. suum showed no significant differences in either uptake kinetics or tissue distribution of the permeants. This indicates that the transcuticular pathway is the major route of drug absorption as compared to oral ingestion.
Ho
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NF
Drug Delivery Systems Research, Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI 49001.
Geary
T G
TG
Barsuhn
C L
CL
Sims
S M
SM
Thompson
D P
DP
D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001200:Ascaris / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007444:Inulin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010477:Perfusion
D000871:Anthelmintics; D009596:Nitrophenols; D007444:Inulin; D006854:Hydrocortisone; C024836:4-nitrophenol