title: Detection of zonal renal ischemia with contrast-enhanced MR imaging with a macromolecular blood pool contrast agent.
abstract: The potential of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging enhanced with albumin-(gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid [DTPA])35, a macromolecular blood pool marker, for detection of focal changes in renal perfusion was studied in a myoglobinuric acute renal failure (ARF) model in the rat. T1-weighted spin-echo postcontrast images of injured kidneys at 3 hours after glycerol injection showed three distinct zones: a strongly enhanced outer cortex, a low-intensity inner cortex, and a strongly enhanced medulla. The distinct band of low intensity in the inner cortex indicated zonal decreased blood volume, corresponding to published microsphere data showing zonal low perfusion in the inner cortex. Contrast differences between parenchymal zones were significant for at least 30 minutes. No focal ischemic changes could be delineated on nonenhanced images. Enhanced and nonenhanced images of injured kidneys obtained at 24 hours after glycerol injection revealed no zonal differentiation. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging data in this ARF model correlated well with pathologic data and microsphere perfusion results. Contrast-enhanced characterization of the ischemic phase of renal injury with MR imaging may improve specificity for the diagnosis of ARF and may serve as a marker for therapeutic intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0628.
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Vexler
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Berthèzene
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mühler
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rosenau
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Moseley
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Brasch
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000098:blood supply; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000098:blood supply; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C058946:albumin-(gadolinium-DTPA); D004369:Pentetic Acid; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA