title: Facial midline and symmetry: modified face bow.
abstract: A facial "cone" can be drawn inside the head. The apex of the cone is the midpoint of the line that connects both ear canals, point C, and the face is the base. A modified face bow is designed with holes through which a Steinmann pin is passed, meeting at the apex of the facial cone. After the ear bolts are symmetrically fixed, the Steinmann pin through the central hole follows the midline of the face as the bow rotates from the forehead to the chin. The right and left facial bony protrusions can be evaluated by two Steinmann pins projecting through the corresponding holes on the face bow. This device is utilized to determine the facial midline and facial symmetry during surgery. It also can be used as a tool for anthropologic studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyutoku
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Noordhoff
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D013525:Surgical Instruments