title: Okadaic acid inhibits activation of phospholipase C in human platelets by mimicking the actions of protein kinases A and C.
abstract: 1. The effect of okadaic acid, a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1 and PP2A), on human platelets has been investigated. 2. Okadaic acid exerts a general increase in phosphorylation of platelet proteins but did not induce aggregation or secretion of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Okadaic acid, however, did inhibit thrombin-induced functional responses. 3. Maximally effective concentrations of prostacyclin, to elevate adenosine 3'-5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP), or phorbol dibutyrate, to activate protein kinase C, inhibited the formation of inositol phosphates by thrombin by approximately 60%. When used in combination, prostacyclin and phorbol dibutyrate reduced the levels of inositol phosphates induced by thrombin to 11%. 4. Okadaic acid (1 microM) decreased thrombin-induced formation of inositol phosphates by approximately 55% and increased the inhibitory action of prostacyclin or phorbol dibutyrate. Okadaic acid had no further effect when prostacyclin and phorbol dibutyrate were used in combination. 5. These results suggest that protein kinases A and C act to inhibit phospholipase C by distinct mechanisms and that their action is reversed by PP1 and/or PP2A.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Oxford.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004988:Ethers, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019319:Okadaic Acid; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000097:blood; D013917:Thrombin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004988:Ethers, Cyclic; D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D019319:Okadaic Acid; D011464:Epoprostenol; D011494:Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D013917:Thrombin