title: Effects of combined hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride versus single drug on changes in salt taste and intake.
abstract: Hydrochlorothiazide stimulates salt intake without altering salivary or gustatory function. Amiloride reportedly reduces salivary sodium levels and salt taste. It was hypothesized that these unintended drug actions would be attenuated by concurrent use of these 2 diuretics. Normotensive adults (n = 23) were administered placebo for 2 weeks, active combination drug Moduretic for 4 weeks, and placebo again for 2 weeks in a double-blind protocol. Salivary flow, gustatory function and sodium intake were monitored at the end of each period, together with selected physiologic measures (i.e., plasma aldosterone, plasma renin activity, body composition, blood pressure and heart rate). No significant changes were observed for salivary flow, salt taste or sodium intake. These findings indicate that amiloride and hydrochlorothiazide used in combination can reduce drug effects that may compromise the efficacy of either drug when used alone.
authors.affiliation: Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-3308.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Mattes
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Engelman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000584:Amiloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D013652:Taste Threshold / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; C010247:amiloride, hydrochlorothiazide drug combination; D000584:Amiloride; D011188:Potassium