Effects of diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipoproteins--the Jerusalem Nutrition Study. II. Monounsaturated fatty acids vs carbohydrates.
Seventeen male Yeshiva students were randomly allocated to a crossover study with two 12-wk dietary periods of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) vs a carbohydrate (CHO)-rich diet while concentrations of saturated (SFAs) and polyunsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids were kept similar. Total plasma cholesterol (TC) decreased significantly by approximately 7.7% and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by 14.4% on the MUFA diet, whereas on the CHO diet no significant change in cholesterol concentrations occurred, in contrast to that predicted by the equations of Keys and Hegsted. Concentrations of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) did not change significantly on either diet. On the MUFA diet there was a significantly lower proneness to peroxidation of plasma and LDL lipids and less extensive metabolism of conditioned LDL by peritoneal macrophages. We conclude that dietary MUFAs lower TC and LDL-C concentrations, independently of other dietary fatty acids and in addition may reduce the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative stress.
Berry
E M
EM
Department of Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
Eisenberg
S
S
Friedlander
Y
Y
Harats
D
D
Kaufmann
N A
NA
Norman
Y
Y
Stein
Y
Y
D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol