title: Effect of combined treatment with interleukin-3 and interleukin-6 on 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide-mediated reduction of glutathione levels and cytotoxicity in normal and leukemic bone marrow progenitor cells.
abstract: 4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) is widely used as an ex vivo bone marrow purging agent for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts. We have determined the effect of a combined treatment with interleukin 3 (IL-3) plus IL-6 on 4-HC cytotoxicity against normal (CFU-GEMM) versus AML (L-CFU) bone marrow progenitor cells. Following an 18 h exposure to IL-3 plus IL-6, treatment with 4-HC in conjunction with IL-3 and IL-6 for one hour resulted in a significantly greater inhibition of L-CFU versus CFU-GEMM colony growth. In addition, treatment with IL-3 plus IL-6 reduced the inhibitory effects of higher concentrations of 4-HC on CFU-GEMM but not L-CFU growth. IL-3 and IL-6 did not protect the self-renewing, clonogenic, AML blast progenitor cells from the cytotoxic effects of 4-HC. While the total intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels were not significantly different between untreated normal bone marrow mononuclear cells (NBMMC) and AML blasts, greater intracellular GSH-S transferase activity was observed in the NBMMC. 4-HC produced a marked reduction in GSH levels in NBMMC as well as AML blasts. But treatment with IL-3 plus IL-6 in conjunction with 4-HC resulted in significantly higher GSH levels in NBMMC. These differences in intracellular GSH levels and GST activity may offer an explanation for the differential protective effects of IL-3 plus IL-6 treatment against the cytotoxic effects of 4-HC on CFU-GEMM colony growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhalla
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bullock
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lutzky
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holladay
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ibrado
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jasiok
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000187:drug effects; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007377:Interleukin-3; D015850:Interleukin-6; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; C011272:perfosfamide