title: Immunohistochemical study of the fourth cell type in the olfactory epithelium in guinea pigs and in a patient.
abstract: The mammalian olfactory epithelium consists of supporting cells, olfactory receptor cells, basal cells and a fourth cell type, which has recently been discovered. In this study we examine this fourth cell type using immunohistochemical techniques. Anti-Purkinje-specific spot-35 protein (S-35), anti-S-100 protein (S-100), anti-neuron-specific enolase (NSE), antichromogranin A and antisynaptophysin antisera were used for the immunostaining. The fourth cell type immunoreacted only to anti-S-35 antiserum and did not react to other antisera in guinea pigs. On the other hand, in the human S-100 immunoreactivity was seen in the fourth cell type as well as weak reactivity to S-35. NSE immunoreactivity was found only in the olfactory receptor cells of guinea pigs and the human. From these results it is assumed that this fourth cell type is a second chemoreceptor different from the olfactory receptor cells because S-35 and S-100 are Ca(++)-binding proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuwano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064092:Calbindin 1; D064026:Calbindins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D004848:Epithelium / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C576498:CALB1 protein, human; D064092:Calbindin 1; D064026:Calbindins; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins; D007106:Immune Sera; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; D009418:S100 Proteins; D016708:Synaptophysin; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase