title: Zygote intrafallopian transfer or in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer for the treatment of male-factor infertility: a prospective randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) as treatments of male-factor infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were prospectively randomized to ZIFT or IVF-ET.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro fertilization program of the Centre for Reproductive Medicine of the Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University, Belgium, which is a tertiary referral institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty-seven couples were enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria allowed only first trials of couples with long-standing infertility caused by a male factor. Female factors were excluded.
  
  
  METHODS
  In ZIFT, up to three fertilized oocytes were transferred into one single patient fallopian tube by means of laparoscopy 18 hours after insemination. In IVF-ET, cleaving embryos were replaced into the uterine cavity about 48 hours after insemination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertilization and transfer rates, implantation and pregnancy rates, pregnancy outcome, and cost per procedure were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implantation rates of 12.3% and 10% per replaced conceptus were achieved for ZIFT and IVF-ET, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates no therapeutic advantage of ZIFT over IVF-ET in male-factor infertility in terms of reproductive outcome or economic benefit.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital, Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Belgium.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tournaye
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Devroey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valkenburg
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bollen
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Van Steirteghem
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005187:Fallopian Tubes; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015053:Zygote