title: Simultaneous liver and lung injury following gut ischemia is mediated by xanthine oxidase.
abstract: We have previously shown that gut ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) causes simultaneous liver and lung dysfunction and that neutrophils play a critical role in this process. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether xanthine oxidase (XO) was likewise operational. Normal and XO-inactivated rats (given a tungsten-enriched, molybdenum-depleted diet for 3 weeks) underwent 45 minutes of occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery, and control rats were subjected to a sham laparotomy. After zero and six hours of reperfusion, blood was sampled and livers and lungs harvested. Iodine-125-labeled albumin leak was used as a marker for pulmonary and liver capillary permeability barrier function, and serum acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate (AcAc/3-OHB) levels as an index of hepatic mitochondrial redox state. Gut ischemia/six hours of reperfusion (I/R) increased the 125I albumin lung/blood ratio and the 125I albumin liver/blood ratio; AcAc/3-OHB levels decreased significantly. Xanthine oxidase activation eliminated the observed lung and liver capillary leak as well as the hepatic metabolic derangement induced by gut I/R. In conclusion, the simultaneous lung and liver dysfunction produced by gut I/R is mediated by XO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Denver General Hospital, Colorado.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Poggetti
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koeike
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Banerjee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications*; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply*; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008643:Mesentery / Q000098:blood supply*; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012711:Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012711:Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase