title: Toxicological pathology of cockleburs (Xanthium spp.) for broiler chickens.
abstract: Spiking mortality syndrome (SMS) in chickens resembles cocklebur toxicity in cattle, sheep, pigs, and rats. In order to determine if cockleburs are toxic to broiler chicks, crushed burs were fed (25% wt:wt) to broilers for 21 days. Ingestion of cockleburs resulted in significant failure to properly gain body weight. Otherwise, chicks did not develop clinical signs of illness or gross or microscopic lesions. Although there were some significant differences in serum chemistry values among chick groups, there were no consistent patterns. Severe hypoglycemia is said to be a characteristic finding in chicks that die with SMS. Because glucose levels were not low in chicks that were fed cockleburs, we feel certain that cockleburs do not cause SMS.
authors.affiliation: Georgia Poultry Laboratory, Oakwood 30566.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Mallinson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Player
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Latimer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.forename: W V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Shaff
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Dickson
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001835:Body Weight; D002645:Chickens; D008297:Male; D010939:Plant Poisoning / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000209:etiology*