title: Effects of selective pressure block of Y-type optic nerve fibers on the receptive-field properties of neurons in area 18 of the visual cortex of the cat.
abstract: Recordings were made from single neurons in area 18 of anesthetized cats (N2O/O2 mixture supplemented by continuous intravenous infusion of barbiturate) in which one optic nerve had been pressure blocked to selectively block conduction in the largest (Y-type) fibers. Cortical neurons were stimulated visually via the normal eye or via the eye with the pressure-blocked optic nerve ("Y-blocked eye"). Several properties of the receptive fields such as their spatial organization (S or C cells), orientation tuning, and the presence and strength of end-zone inhibition appear to be unaffected by removal of the Y input. By contrast, the removal of the Y input resulted in a small but significant reduction in the size of the discharge field and in the direction-selectivity index. In three respects, peak response discharge rate, eye dominance, and velocity sensitivity, removal of the Y input had strong and highly significant effects. Thus, the mean peak discharge frequency of responses evoked by the stimulation of binocular neurons via the Y-blocked eye was significantly lower than that of responses evoked by the stimulation via the normal eye. Accordingly, the eye-dominance histogram was shifted markedly towards the normal eye (more so than in the homologous experiment conducted on area 17-Burke et al., 1992). Finally, the mean preferred velocity of responses of cells activated via the normal eye was in the vicinity of 145 deg/s, whereas for cells activated via the Y-blocked eye the value was about 35 deg/s. Overall, the results of the present study imply that (1) apart from Y-type excitatory input there are significant excitatory non-Y-inputs to area 18; these inputs at least partially consist of indirect X-type input relayed via area 17; (2) in neurons of area 18 that receive both Y-type and non-Y-type excitatory inputs, the Y-type input has a major influence on strength of the response and velocity sensitivity and a lesser influence on the direction selectivity and size of the discharge fields; and (3) area 18 contains mechanisms determining such receptive-field properties as S- or C-type organization, orientation tuning, and direction selectivity which can be accessed either by the Y input or by non-Y input.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dreher
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michalski
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Cleland
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Burke
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009431:Neural Conduction; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology