title: Wheat middlings as an alternative feedstuff for laying hens.
abstract: Three long-term experiments were conducted to evaluate the possibility of using wheat middlings (WM) for laying hens and to study the responses of six strains of commercial laying hens fed WM diet. In Experiment 1,320 layers maintained in floor pens were fed diets containing 45% WM with .25 or .75% salt, or 89% WM with .25% or 1.5% salt. Salt supplementation did not show any beneficial effect on egg production. Hen-day egg production by hens fed the 45% WM diet was significantly higher for hens fed 45% WM than for those fed the 89% WM diet (79 versus 67.5%, 44-wk period). Feed, limestone, and water intakes were increased by the 89% WM diet. Yolk color, Haugh units, hen livability, and reproductive parameters were not different among the dietary treatments. In Experiments 2 and 3, laying hens from six commercial strains (four strains each experiment, 240 hens per strain) were maintained in laying cages in each year, and fed either a corn and soybean meal (CSM) or a 25% WM diet. Results show that neither diet nor strain had effects on hen-day egg production; however, egg weights from Strains A, C, and F were heavier than those from Strains B, D, and E. Feed intakes and feed utilizations were similar among the s trains. The 25% WM diet increased egg weight, feed intake, and feed utilization compared with the CSM diet. Livability of hens was 93.8 to 97.5% and was not affected by either strain or diet. It is concluded that commercial strains of laying hens can be fed diets containing 25 to 45% WM and still have normal hen-day egg production although feed utilization will be poorer.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Nutritional and Poultry Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sunde
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cook
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004326:Drinking; D004435:Eating; D004531:Eggs / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D010058:Oviposition; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014908:Triticum
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary