title: [Combined heart defects: tetralogy of Fallot, common atrium and a single atrioventricular valve diagnosed by echocardiography].
abstract: We present a case of the rare coincidence of three mechanisms leading to development of congenital heart disease in intrauterine life: intrinsic defect of the development of the cardiac loop (dextrocardia), failure of normal expansion of the subpulmonary infundibulum (Fallot syndrome) and endocardial cushion defect (common atrium and common atrioventricular valve ). It was associated with partial viscera inversion. A 31-year old man with congenital cyanotic heart disease, and Blalock-Taussig anastomosis was admitted to the hospital due to symptoms of severe cardiac failure. On physical examination: systolic murmur, hepatomegaly, ascites, leg's edema and cyanosis were found. In ECG--atrial fibrillation with 3-d degree a-v block. Standard echocardiography revealed: dextrocardia, a large single atrium with ostia of pulmonary and systemic veins, single atrio-ventricular valve , large ventricular, Fallot-like septal defect. The papillary muscles were not visible in the left ventricle. Aorta and pulmonary trunk arose from morphological right ventricle. The patient died on the 3-rd day of hospitalization in the course of cardiac and respiratory insufficiency. Postmorten examination confirmed the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Oddziału Chorób Wewnetrznych i Kardiologii Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Zespolonego w Olsztynie.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zach
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dowgird
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Górny
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shafie
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D004452:Echocardiography; D004694:Endocardial Cushion Defects / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
vernacular_title: Złozona wada serca: zespół Fallota, wspólny przedsionek, pojedyncza zastawka przedsionkowo-komorowa, rozpoznana przy pomocy echokardiografii.