title: Growth patterns of the nasolabial region: a morphometric study.
abstract: Age-related growth changes in the nasolabial region were analyzed through six measurements taken between 1 year and 18 years of age in 1,593 North American Caucasians. By 1 year of age, the length of the cutaneous portion of the upper lip and the width of the nose showed the highest levels of development compared with their adult size, 80.3 and 79.5%, respectively. By 5 years, the developmental level of the nasolabial region except nasal tip protrusion approached their maturation level. Our nasal measurements indicated that growth of the nose between 5 and 18 years was significantly greater than that of the upper lip, which revealed significantly greater growth increments between 1 and 5 years of age. The cutaneous upper lip height reached its adult size in 3-year-old females (12.7 mm) and 6-year-old males (14.4 mm). Nose width and height were fully developed in females by age 12 and in males by age 14 or 15. Rapid growth occurred in the upper lip, nose height, and nasal tip protrusion between the ages of 1 and 4 years. Knowledge of these age-related morphologic variations within the nose and upper lip may be useful in planning the time and type of reconstructive surgery and in anticipating further change in the operated regions after the surgical reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Posnick
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Hreczko
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Pron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008046:Lip / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development*; D008297:Male; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D009666:Nose / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development*; D012737:Sex Factors