Long-term follow-up and response to chemotherapy in patients with light-chain deposition disease.
Nineteen patients with light-chain deposition disease (LCDD) were studied retrospectively. This report presents data on long-term patient and renal survival and the response to intermittent administration of melphalan and prednisone. Immunoelectrophoresis or immunofixation demonstrated a monoclonal protein in the serum of 78% and in the urine of 84% of the patients; 16% had no demonstrable monoclonal protein in serum or urine. The median age at presentation was 51 years (range, 37 to 77 years). Twelve (63%) of the patients had a monoclonal protein of undetermined significance without evidence of myeloma. The typical glomerular lesion was a diffuse mesangial nodular lesion that was positive for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain with acute and chronic tubulointerstitial changes. Fifteen patients had kappa light-chain deposition and four had lambda light-chain deposition. Five-year actuarial patient survival and survival free of end-stage renal disease were 70% and 37%, respectively. Seventeen patients received melphalan and prednisone, and one patient received chlorambucil and prednisone. All of the patients had some impairment of renal function at presentation, and 58% had a serum creatinine concentration greater than 354 mumol/L (4.0 mg/dL). There was either stabilization or improvement in renal function after chemotherapy in five of eight patients who had a serum creatinine concentration less than 354 mumol/L (4.0 mg/dL) at the initiation of therapy. Of the 11 patients with a high serum creatinine concentration (greater than 354 mumol/dL [4.0 mg/dL]), 82% progressed to end-stage renal disease despite therapy. Follow-up urine protein studies demonstrated at least a 50% decrease in urine protein excretion in five of 15 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Heilman
R L
RL
Section of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, AZ 85259.
Velosa
J A
JA
Holley
K E
KE
Offord
K P
KP
Kyle
R A
RA
D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006942:Hypergammaglobulinemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000276:immunology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008558:Melphalan / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D008558:Melphalan; D011241:Prednisone