title: Inaccuracy quality control in the monitoring of trace metal concentrations in biological fluids.
abstract: Quality assurance in trace element analysis requires continual surveillance of the accuracy and precision of results. A review of difficulties encountered in performing quality control programs of trace metal analysis in biological fluids is presented. Examples to clarify the inadequacy of available biological reference materials for quality control in biological monitoring of environmental and occupational low level exposure to metals are reported.
authors.affiliation: Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Laboratorio di Ricerche Cliniche, Anatomia e Istologia Patologica, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buratti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xaiz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Valia
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colombi
mesh_terms: D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000506:poisoning / Q000633:toxicity; D011786:Quality Control; D012016:Reference Values; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D014131:Trace Elements