title: Regulation of c-fos, c-jun, jun-B, and c-myc messenger ribonucleic acids by gonadotropin and growth factors in cultured pig Leydig cell.
abstract: The nuclear protooncogenes have been implicated in the coordinate regulation of gene expression during cell proliferation and differentiation. Previous work has shown that LH and human h CG as well as several growth factors including epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor-beta, and insulin-like growth factor-I play a role in Leydig cell differentiated functions. To evaluate the possibility that protooncogenes mediate long term effects of these factors, their action on the levels of c-fos, c-jun, jun-B, and c-myc messenger (m) RNAs was studied. hCG (10(-9) M) produced a time-dependent increase in c-fos (9-fold), jun-B (18-fold) and c-myc (5-fold) mRNA levels but did not affect c-jun. The concentration of hCG required for half-maximal stimulation (ED50 = 7 +/- 4 x 10(-12) M) was similar to that required to induce half-maximal testosterone production. At optimal concentrations, the effects of EGF and bFGF on c-fos and jun-B mRNAs were lower than those induced by hCG, but their effects on c-myc mRNA were higher. In addition, they stimulated c-jun. Moreover, EGF and bFGF potentiated the effects of hCG on c-fos and jun-B, whereas hCG potentiated the action of growth factors on c-jun. Transforming growth factor-beta increased only jun-B mRNA, whereas insulin-like growth factor I increased c-fos, jun-B, and c-myc but less effectively than hCG. Lastly, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increased the level of the four protooncogene mRNAs, and its effects on c-fos and c-myc were significantly higher than those produced by hCG. These data indicate that the regulation of protooncogene mRNAs in normal Leydig cells is multifactorial. They also show differential responsiveness of the members of the Jun family to several factors. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the Fos and Jun families of regulatory proteins could play a role in mediating long term responses to the complex array of hormones and growth factors to which Leydig cells are exposed in vivo.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U307, Hôpital Debrousse, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Berthelon
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Avallet
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Saez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016259:Genes, myc; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013552:Swine; D013739:Testosterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006133:Growth Substances; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D013739:Testosterone; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases