title: Enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus 1 replication in monocytes by 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) expression and replication are under tight regulatory control. We demonstrate that 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3] enhances the replication of monocyte- and lymphocyte-tropic strains of HIV-1 up to 10,000-fold in monocyte cell lines, peripheral blood monocytes, and unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 1,25(OH)2D3 is therefore one of the most potent regulators of HIV-1 replication described to date. Precursors of 1,25(OH)2D3 enhance HIV-1 replication in proportion to their affinity for the 1,25(OH)2D3 intracellular receptor, suggesting that 1,25(OH)2D3 influences HIV-1 replication by mechanisms involving this receptor. These studies may have important implications for the design of effective therapy of HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Skolnik
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jahn
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Rota
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Krane
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D001853:Bone Marrow; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000032:analysis; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D009000:Monocytes; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000502:physiology; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D002117:Calcitriol