title: TGF-beta 1, beta 2, beta 1.2 and the bone morphogenetic protein BMP2: members of the transforming growth factor type beta supergene family with different morphogenetic effects on rat astrocyte cultures.
abstract: The transforming growth factors type beta (TGF-beta) are immunoregulatory cytokines with pronounced effects on tissue homeostasis and repair. We observed that TGF-beta 1, TGF-beta 2, and the heterodimeric TGF-beta 1.2 induced astrocyte hyperplasia and strongly affected monolayer formation. After confluent growth, astrocytes are contact inhibited and form a dense monolayer. Addition of TGF-beta induced migration of cells to local centers, the formation of foci, followed by detachment of these aggregates from the cell culture surface. This effect was unique and could neither be induced by BMP2, a member of the decapentaplegic subfamily of type beta transforming growth factors nor by other cytokines or interleukins. Thus TGF-beta secreted by activated leukocytes might be a local regulator of astrocyte function during regenerative processes in inflammatory demyelinating brain disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Wuerzburg, FRG.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schluesener
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meyermann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D006965:Hyperplasia; D005810:Multigene Family; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta