title: Superoxide is involved in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced injury in cultured rat liver slices.
abstract: We examined whether superoxide is a factor responsible for paraquat-induced liver injury in terms of superoxide dismutase using cultured rat liver slices exposed to various concentrations of paraquat. The degree of liver injury was assessed by measurement of percentage of lactate dehydrogenase leakage into the medium and lipid hydroperoxides in the liver slices and by direct histopathological observation. Paraquat produced concentration- and time-related liver injury in the cultured rat liver slices. Notably, after exposure to 5 mmol/L paraquat, a significant increase of the percentage of lactate dehydrogenase leakage occurred from 4 hr (p less than 0.05 vs. control group), and this gradually increased up to 8 hr (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.001 vs. control group at 6 and 8 hr, respectively). Changes in lipid hydroperoxides in the liver slices were similar to those in percentage of lactate dehydrogenase leakage (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01 vs. control group at 6 and 8 hr, respectively). Liver injury was located around the central vein at 6 hr and gradually spread at 8 hr. Paraquat-induced liver injury was aggravated both biochemically and histopathologically by pretreatment with 5 mmol/L diethyldithiocarbamate, an inhibitor of copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase activity (percentage of lactate dehydrogenase leakage: p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.001 vs. paraquat group at 6 and 8 hr, respectively; lipid hydroperoxides: p less than 0.01 vs. paraquat group at 8 hr). Incubation of liver slices with liposome-encapsulated superoxide dismutase increased the augmentation of superoxide dismutase in the liver slices.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Togashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shinzawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ukai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004050:Ditiocarb / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D010269:Paraquat / Q000506:poisoning*; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D004050:Ditiocarb; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D010269:Paraquat