title: [Bone metastasis of hepatocarcinoma. Review of the literature, radiologic pictures and personal caseload].
abstract: Prognosis of patients affected with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been improved by the modern imaging techniques allowing an early diagnosis and by the value of the therapeutic protocols employed. Staging has also become more and more important. Bone metastases from HCC are reportedly rare. The authors observed a 5.5% incidence in 90 cases of hepatocarcinoma. The metastases were demonstrated by radiography, CT, and nuclear scintigraphy, in patients with skeletal pain. The plain film appearance of skeletal metastases from HCC was osteolytic in all cases; no surrounding sclerosis was seen. CT scans demonstrated the destructive nature of these lesions, which were associated with bulky soft-tissue masses. Metastases exhibited increased radiotracer (99mTc-MDP) uptake at bone scintigraphy. The authors believe that bone scintigraphy should be included in the staging protocols of the HCCs which need a potentially curative therapy.
authors.affiliation: Servizio di Radiologia, Ospedale Maggiore, Crema Cremona.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borghetti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonardi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reduzzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iori
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography
vernacular_title: Metastasi ossee di epatocarcinomi. Revisione della letteratura, quadri radiologici e casistica personale.