title: International comparative study of childhood malignancy comparative study of pediatric malignancy between Kurume and Karachi (K-K Project 1991).
abstract: A study was undertaken to compare Pediatric Malignancy at Kurume (Japan) and Karachi (Pakistan) with reference to international data collected over the years, in order to identify essential differences between developed and developing conditions and factors influencing the etio-pathogenesis of pediatric cancer. The study was retrospective encompassing all types of cancer in children over a period of three years i-e 1988-1990. Essential factors related to present study were: 1.
  
  
  METHODS
  The population of Karachi is about 10 million while that of Kurume is only half a million. 2. Socio-economic conditions: The average socio-economic condition of people in Karachi is poor while in Kurume it appears to be good. 3. Educational status: Only 25% people in Karachi are educated beyond middle class while Kurume reveals a 100% education up to high school level. 4. Environmental conditions: The environmental conditions of Kurume and surrounding areas are very clean and free from pollution, sewage problems and traffic hazards. Karachi and its surroundings on the other hand pose very serious air and water industries! It was concluded that whereas genetic predisposition predominates, the environmental conditions, educational and socio-economic status of a society immensely influence the pattern and trends of pediatric carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Pathology, National Institute of Child Health, JPMC, Karachi.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shakoor
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000009:adverse effects; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015614:Histiocytosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007938:Leukemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000453:epidemiology; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental