title: Ultrasensitive measurement of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol with a high energy dynode detector and electron-capture negative chemical-ionization mass spectrometry.
abstract: Plasma concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the principal psychoactive cannabinoid in marijuana, decline to values substantially less than 1 microgram/L within a few hours after a subject has smoked a marijuana cigarette. Using a single-quadrupole gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS) operated in the negative chemical-ionization mode and retrofitted with a High Energy Dynode detector system, we measured delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and a primary metabolite, 11-nor-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-COOH. Using a trifluoroacetic anhydride derivatization procedure and the High Energy Dynode detector system, we improved by 6.25-fold the limit of detection for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in plasma over that obtained with the same GC/MS system without the new detector (80 vs 500 ng/L). The new detector system will thus permit further investigation of the post-distribution pharmacokinetics of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and detection of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in plasma for a longer time after ingestion of the drug in forensic cases. The High Energy Dynode detector system should be applicable to a wide variety of other GC/MS analyses that require significantly improved sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia 19104.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edling-Owens
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mattes
mesh_terms: D013759:Dronabinol / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013759:Dronabinol