title: Non-diabetic microalbuminuria in clinical practice and its relationship to posture, exercise and blood pressure.
abstract: 1. The effects of posture and exercise on the relationship between low-level urinary albumin excretion (microalbuminuria) and blood pressure was investigated in two groups of non-diabetic patients at increased cardiovascular risk: 21 otherwise healthy patients with untreated essential hypertension (blood pressure greater than 160/90 mmHg), and 14 age-matched patients with blood pressure at presentation within the normotensive range (less than 160/90 mmHg) attending a cardiovascular clinic for assessment of chest pain. 2. A significant linear relationship between logarithmically transformed 'spot' urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and simultaneous clinic blood pressure existed when data from both groups of patients were analysed (r = 0.58, P less than 0.05). The relationship between the scatter plot of blood pressure and the albumin/creatinine ratio appeared most marked when the mean blood pressure exceeded 120 mmHg. 3. In patients with essential hypertension, clinic systolic blood pressure was related to the albumin/creatinine ratio in simultaneous 'spot' urine samples (r = 0.69, P less than 0.05) and also to the albumin/creatinine ratio in early-morning urine samples (r = 0.51, P less than 0.05). However, the relationship between clinic blood pressure and simultaneous 'spot' urinary albumin/creatinine ratio in the patients with chest pain did not achieve significance when analysed independently. 4. Hourly averaged ambulatory intra-arterial blood pressure was recorded in four of the patients with essential hypertension during normal daytime activity, and a significant correlation with the simultaneous hourly daytime urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was found (r = 0.65, P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, U.K.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gosling
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Dimmitt
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Littler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine