title: Repeated restraint and isolation stress in lambs increases pituitary-adrenal secretions and reduces cell-mediated immunity.
abstract: Rambouillet crossbred ewe lambs were used to evaluate the effect of repeated restraint and isolation stress (RIS) on endocrinological and immunological functions. Lambs were blocked by weight and assigned to either RIS (n = 6) or to control (CON; n = 6) treatments. All lambs were tethered in environmentally controlled rooms at 22 degrees C with constant light and, at this time (d 0), were given 1 mg of ovalbumin in adjuvant. On d 12, catheters were placed nonsurgically into the jugular vein of all lambs, and they were reimmunized with .5 mg of ovalbumin in incomplete adjuvant. Each lamb in the RIS treatment group was removed from its home stanchion, isolated from visual and tactile (but not auditory and olfactory) contact with other lambs, and restrained for 6 h on d 14, 15, and 16. Lambs in CON treatment remained undisturbed in their home stanchions. Lymphocyte blastogenic function and production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) were assessed in samples of blood collected before and at the conclusion (0 and 6 h) of each of the three stress bouts. In addition, ACTH and cortisol secretion in response to RIS was evaluated in samples of plasma and serum collected at .5-h intervals on the first and last days of stress (d 14 and 16). Finally, antibody production in response to immunization against ovalbumin was assessed in samples of serum obtained 14 d after reimmunization on d 12 of the study. Polynomial curves fit to the ACTH and cortisol data differed (P less than .005) on both d 14 and 16 between RIS and CON treatments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anim. Sci., Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Coppinger
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Minton
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blecha
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D005260:Female; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000378:metabolism*; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012934:Social Isolation; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D010047:Ovalbumin; D006854:Hydrocortisone