title: Effect of forage to concentrate ratio and intake level on utilization of early vegetative alfalfa silage by dairy cows.
abstract: Two experiments were conducted to measure the effects of intake and forage: grain ratio on utilization of early maturity alfalfa silage in dairy cows. In Experiment 1, diets with three forage: concentrate ratios (percentage of silage, percentage NDF): low (56, 28.3), medium (71, 31.0), or high (86, 33.4) were fed ad libitum to six lactating, ruminally cannulated cows in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square. The same diets were then fed at 1.3 x maintenance intake to six gestating dry cows. Dairy milk yield and percentage and yield of milk protein and casein were higher for cows fed the low silage diet than for cows receiving other treatments. Fat percentage and yield were not different among diets. Lactating cows consumed more DM on low silage (23.0 kg/d) than on medium or high silage diets (21.4 kg), but NDF intake as percentage of BW was higher for the high silage diet. Digestibility of DM in the lactating (70.7, 69.9, and 67.5% for low, medium, and high) and dry cows (76.7, 73.5, and 69.0%, respectively) decreased as the level of silage increased. Depression in digestibility was greater as dietary concentrate increased. Cows fed the high silage diet had a faster fractional passage rate of solids and higher rumen fill. Digestion of concentrate cell walls appeared to be depressed more than alfalfa cell walls as intake increased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Llamas-Lamas
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Combs
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007774:Lactation; D000455:Medicago sativa; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012820:Silage
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D000641:Ammonia