title: A study of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibition by chlorpromazine.
abstract: Membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from the human erythrocyte is inhibited by chlorpromazine (CPZ) in a concentration range within this amphiphilic drug has been demonstrated to interact with erythrocyte membranes, causing a large spectrum of physical and structural effects; membrane solubilization with 0.5% Triton X-100 results in a complete loss of CPZ inhibitory potency. Although these observations might suggest a role of membrane lipid environment in mediating human erythrocyte AChE inhibition, we observed that CPZ retains its full inhibitory effect on the fraction of enzyme (5-6% of total) that is solubilized from erythrocytes upon treatment with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) from Bacillus thuringiensis; furthermore, Triton X-100 is able to reverse the CPZ effect also in the case of PI-PLC-solubilized enzyme. These results demonstrate unequivocally that CPZ inhibits human erythrocyte AChE through direct molecular interaction. The inhibition kinetics displayed by CPZ on human erythrocyte AChE are dependent on drug concentration: evidence is provided that this phenomenon may be related to formation of CPZ micellar aggregates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spinedi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pacini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Limatola
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luly
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Farias
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000201:enzymology; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D003902:Detergents; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D005454:Fluorescence Polarization; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D017830:Octoxynol; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D003902:Detergents; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017830:Octoxynol; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D002746:Chlorpromazine