title: Agrin induces alpha-actinin, filamin, and vinculin to co-localize with AChR clusters on cultured chick myotubes.
abstract: Agrin induces discrete high-density patches of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) and other synaptic components on cultured myotubes in a manner that resembles synaptic differentiation. Furthermore, agrin-like molecules are present at developing neuromuscular junctions in vivo. This provides us with a unique opportunity to manipulate AChR patching in order to examine the role of cytoskeletal components. Cultured chick myotubes were fixed and labeled to visualize the distributions of actin, alpha-actinin, filamin, tropomyosin, and vinculin. Overnight exposure to agrin caused a small amount of alpha-actinin, filamin, and vinculin to reorganize into discrete clusters. Double-labeling studies revealed that 78% of the AChR clusters were associated with detectable concentrations of filamin, 70% with alpha-actinin, and 58% with vinculin. Filamin even showed congruence to AChRs within clustered regions. By contrast, actin (visualized with fluorescein-phalloidin) and tropomyosin did not show specific associations with agrin-induced AChR clusters. The accumulation of cytoskeletal components at AChRs clusters raised the possibility that cytoskeletal rearrangements direct AChR clustering. However, a time course of agrin-induced clustering that focused on filamin revealed that most of the early AChR clusters (3-6 h) were not associated with detectable amounts of cytoskeletal material. The accumulation of cytoskeletal material at later times (12-18 h) may imply a role in maintenance and stabilization, but it appears unlikely that these cytoskeletal elements initiate AChR clustering on myotubes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Shadiack
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Nitkin
mesh_terms: D000185:Actinin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018171:Agrin; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D003285:Contractile Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D064448:Filamins; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009132:Muscles / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism*; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology; D016596:Vinculin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018171:Agrin; D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D003285:Contractile Proteins; D064448:Filamins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D000185:Actinin; D016596:Vinculin