title: Prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced and spontaneous diabetes in NOD mice by syngeneic splenocytes treated with cytotoxic drugs.
abstract: Infusions of syngeneic T-cells, lethally damaged with ultraviolet A light (UVA) and 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), have been reported to prevent or ameliorate a number of autoimmune diseases in humans and in animal models of autoimmune disease. We previously demonstrated that the combination of UVA/8-MOP, or deoxycoformycin and deoxyadenosine (dCF/dAdo), damaged human lymphoid cells by inducing DNA strand breakage and stimulating poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. These cells subsequently underwent programmed cell death ("apoptosis"). These findings suggested a common mechanism of lymphocyte damage, and that in vitro treatment of T-cells with cCF/dAdo might substitute for UVA/8-MOP. This hypothesis was tested in a model of autoimmune diabetes in the NOD mouse. Young adult female NOD/Wehi mice were given 350 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CP) on day 1 to induce rapid-onset diabetes and divided into five treatment groups. Four groups received approximately 50 x 10(6) syngeneic mouse splenocytes that had been treated with various cytotoxic agents. 27/40 (68%) of the CP-only control group and 14/30 (48%) of the group given untreated splenocytes developed diabetes. By contrast, only 2/20 (10%) mice of UVA/8-MOP and 3/23 (14%) of dCF/dAdo-treated splenocyte groups developed diabetes (P < 0.01). Diabetes in high spontaneous-diabetes incidence NOD/Lt female mice was also greatly reduced (4/8 untreated vs 1/7 treated; (< 0.05). We postulate that cytotoxic damage to activated splenic T-cells allows their recognition by host T-cells and results in a protective response against autoreactive cells as a form of T-cell vaccination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Iannoni
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Coote
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Mandel
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Fox
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D004249:DNA Damage; D003839:Deoxyadenosines; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D015649:Pentostatin; D017893:Photopheresis; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D003839:Deoxyadenosines; D015649:Pentostatin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide