title: A double-blind comparison of granisetron and placebo for the treatment of acute migraine in the emergency department.
abstract: Three hundred and ninety-seven patients who presented to the emergency department were screened for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of iv granisetron (40 micrograms/kg or 80 micrograms/kg) in acute migraine. Twenty-eight patients fulfilled the stringent eligibility criteria and completed the study. Rescue medication was required 2 h post-infusion in 8 of 10 patients receiving granisetron 40 micrograms/kg, 5 of 10 patients receiving granisetron 80 micrograms/kg, and 6 of 8 patients receiving placebo. Significant improvement (p less than 0.05) in headache pain (on a visual analogue scale and categorical scale) was observed in the 80-micrograms/kg group. Headache pain evaluated with the Hunter headache scale indicated improvement for the sensory and affective components of headache pain in both granisetron groups. Except for more nausea at 30 min in the placebo group, no significant differences were noted between treatments. All three treatments were well tolerated. Granisetron may be effective for acute migraine headache; however, further studies with increased patient numbers are required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Toronto Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Rowat
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Merrill
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: South
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D017829:Granisetron; D006801:Humans; D007191:Indazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010919:Placebos; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D017829:Granisetron; D007191:Indazoles; D010919:Placebos; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists