title: Chick embryonic development following exposure to ethanol, gamma-linolenic and linolenic acids.
abstract: Whether the embryopathic effects of ethanol are due to a deficiency of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) or its metabolites was investigated by treating chick embryo with ethanol together with efamol, a rich and natural source of GLA. In contrast to findings in the rat, efamol did not protect the chick embryo from the deleterious action of ethanol. This might be due to species differences and the inability of the early chick embryo to metabolize the precursor fatty acids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gilani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mansfield
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Persaud
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000187:drug effects*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008042:Linolenic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031665:Oenothera biennis; D010938:Plant Oils; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008042:Linolenic Acids; D010938:Plant Oils; D000431:Ethanol; C028498:evening primrose oil; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid