title: Reactivatable latency of three avirulent strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 after intranasal inoculation in mice.
abstract: In order to elucidate the mechanism of latent infection of herpes simplex virus (HSV), reactivatable latency of three avirulent strains (SKO-1B, -GCr Miyama, SKa) of HSV type 1 was comparatively examined in a mouse latency model. The SKO-1B strain showed high rate of virus reactivation from explanted trigeminal ganglia without n-butyrate enhancement, while the other two strains showed a very low rate of virus reactivation in the absence of n-butyrate. In the presence of n-butyrate, however, the rate of the -GCr Miyama strain jumped to a comparable level with that of SKO-1B, although the rate of SKa remained at a low level. A more precise follow-up experiment changing the virus dose highlighted the difference of the ability to reactivate from the latent state between SKO-1B and -GCr Miyama. Virus titer in trigeminal ganglia during acute phase, infectivity to cell lines of neural origin, and susceptibility to acyclovir and phosphonoacetate were assayed to know the reasons for the variation in the ability of reactivatable latency among these strains. It was concluded that the reduced infectivity to neural cells, and limited ability of reactivatable latency shown by the SKa strain could mainly be attributed to the deficiency of thymidine kinase activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arao
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nii
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000494:pharmacology; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D020148:Butyric Acid; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases / Q000172:deficiency; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000172:deficiency; D013997:Time Factors; D014709:Vero Cells; D014774:Virulence; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D020148:Butyric Acid; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid; D000212:Acyclovir