title: [Chemical and biochemical studies on reactivities, formations and toxicities of reactive oxygen species].
abstract: The following species; superoxide (O2-.), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (.OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2), are generally called as reactive oxygen species (ROS). These species have been suggested to play important roles in various diseases caused by oxygen toxicity such as ischemia, carcinogenesis, inflammation, diabetes and aging. During the past two decades, considerable interests have been focused on chemical and biological research of ROS. We have also reported about the research results on ROS, which can be classified as following below; 1) chemical reactivities of O2-., 2) formation and toxicity of 1O2, 3) chemical reactivities of .OH, 4) enzyme mechanism of xanthine oxidase, 5) development of the compounds which induce the formation of O2-. and H2O2 in living cells and 6) development of superoxide dismutase mimics. These studies are reviewed from the standpoint of both chemical and biological interests.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagano
mesh_terms: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D010269:Paraquat / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D006878:Hydroxides; D013481:Superoxides; C031356:hydroxide ion; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D010269:Paraquat