title: Effects of sodium chloride and ethanol on stomach tumorigenesis in ACI rats treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine: a quantitative morphometric approach.
abstract: Effects of sodium chloride (NaCl) and ethanol on gastric tumor development in rats after treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) were studied. MNNG, dissolved in distilled water (5 g/liter), was administered orally once by gastric tube at a dose of 0.25 ml/10 g body weight to 4-week-old ACI rats. After this carcinogen initiation, animals were fed on a diet containing 10% NaCl (Group 2) or normal diet with 10% ethanol in the drinking water (Group 4). MNNG alone (Group 1), NaCl alone (Group 3), ethanol alone (Group 5), and control (Group 6) animals were also maintained. All survivors were killed one year after the MNNG application. Incidences of tumors in the forestomach and glandular stomach were significantly increased in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (P less than 0.05). The height of the pyloric mucosa was significantly greater in Group 2 than in Groups 4, 5 or 6 (P less than 0.05). In the fundic area, the mucosal height was significantly decreased in Group 4 as compared to Group 6 (P less than 0.05). The present results demonstrate that whereas tumors in the glandular stomach and forestomach are both promoted by NaCl, ethanol is without influence. Furthermore, NaCl, a promoter of glandular stomach tumorigenesis also increases cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Research, Hiroshima University.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Ogundigie
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002273:Carcinogens; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D000431:Ethanol; D012965:Sodium Chloride