title: Evoked phasic release in frog nerve terminals obtained after block of Ca2+ entry by Cd2+.
abstract: Cutaneous pectoris muscles of frogs were isolated, mounted in a chamber and superfused with Ringer's solution. With a macro-patch-clamp electrode placed on a section of a motor nerve terminal, quantal synaptic currents were elicited by depolarizing pulses and recorded. The electrode tip and the section of the terminal recorded from were perfused rapidly by Ringer's solution alone or containing 20-500 microM Cd2+ to block Ca2+ inflow. Separate superfusion of the muscle and the rest of the terminal with normal or elevated Ca2+ Ringer's solution provided a sufficiently high resting Ca2+ concentration in the terminal even when Ca2+ was blocked by Cd2+. The depolarization level of maximal Ca2+ inflow into the terminal was found by measuring maximal test pulse facilitation, Fc. In control solution as well as in the case of Cd2+ block, the rate of phasic release after depolarizing pulses rose further when depolarization was increased past the level of Fc, and reached a saturation level which was maintained at estimated depolarizations up to +200 mV. Block of Ca2+ inflow by Cd2+ decreased release substantially, but did not suppress it. The depression of release was greater in the range of large Ca2+ inflow (around Fc) than for very large depolarizations. The time course of phasic release was unaltered by blockage of Ca2+ inflow. It is concluded that Ca2+ inflow contributes to the promotion of evoked release only in the depolarization range in which Ca2+ inward current is large.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Physiologisches Institut, Technischen Universität München, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dudel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Parnas
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Parnas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000502:physiology*; D011893:Rana esculenta; D009435:Synaptic Transmission
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D002118:Calcium