title: Pharmacokinetics of intravenous immunoglobulin (Gammagard) in bone marrow transplant patients.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of an intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), Gammagard (Baxter Healthcare Corp., Glendale, CA), were measured in 31 cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody negative bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients as part of a multicenter efficacy trial of 2 weekly dose regimens. Since all patients lacked antibody to CMV and received only screened CMV negative blood products, the half-life of the exogenous CMV antibody could be measured with an ELISA assay. The CMV antibody titer was related to the immunoglobulin concentration using a standard curve. Compared with the 22-day half-life in normal subjects, the half-life in BMT patients was approximately 6 days for either the 250 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg dose regimen. The half-life did not change over the subsequent 3 weekly doses. Peak concentrations were 3.5 +/- 1.4 and 2.6 +/- 0.7 mg/mL of IVIG in week 1 as well as 5.5 +/- 2.6 and 3.4 +/- 1.2 mg/mL in week 3 after the 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Total body clearance of IVIG was 0.61 and 0.46 mL/kg/hr for the 500 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Rand
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Derendorf
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Graham-Pole
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous