Postoperative neuromuscular function in pediatric day-care patients.
After anesthesia employing nondepolarizing muscle relaxants, 30%-40% of adult patients demonstrate residual paralysis with a train-of-four ratio less than 70%, but it is not known if the same is true for children. This study was designed to investigate neuromuscular transmission in 91 ASA physical status I or II day-care children (aged 0-10 yr) after halothane anesthesia in which pancuronium (n = 34), atracurium (n = 32), or vecuronium (n = 25) was administered. Peripheral nerve stimulation was used clinically to assess neuromuscular blockade during surgery. In the recovery room, the evoked response of the adductor pollicis muscle was measured by train-of-four stimulation of the ulnar nerve. This measurement was made (mean +/- SEM) at 18.0 +/- 1.5, 15.0 +/- 1.3, and 15.0 +/- 1.7 min after pharmacologic antagonism with 0.02 mg/kg atropine and 0.06 mg/kg neostigmine in the pancuronium, atracurium, and vecuronium groups, respectively. There were no differences in the ages of the patients in the three groups at 4.3 +/- 0.4, 4.0 +/- 0.4, and 5.0 +/- 0.5 yr, with 17 children less than 2 yr. Recovery from neuromuscular blockade in all three groups was almost complete. The train-of-four ratio (height of fourth twitch compared with the first) was similar in patients who had received pancuronium (96.7% +/- 0.9%), atracurium (95.5% +/- 0.9%), or vecuronium (96.3% +/- 1.3%). Therefore, postoperative muscle weakness or respiratory impairment is unlikely in pediatric day-care surgical patients more than 2 yr old when these anesthetic techniques are used.
Baxter
M R
MR
Department of Anesthesia, Montreal Children's Hospital, Quebec, Canada.
Bevan
J C
JC
Samuel
J
J
Donati
F
F
Bevan
D R
DR
D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D001279:Atracurium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010197:Pancuronium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide / Q000494:pharmacology*
D001279:Atracurium; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide; D010197:Pancuronium