Net energy for lactation of calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids for cows fed silage-based diets.
The NEL of calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids from palm oil was determined in mature Holstein cows. Twelve lactating (fed for ad libitum intake) and six nonlactating (restricted to near maintenance intake) Holstein cows were fed 0 or 2.95% fat supplement in diets formulated to contain 16 or 20% CP in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments in a single reversal design within protein level. The fat supplement was substituted for ground corn and minerals. Two 6-d total collection balance trials were conducted during which cows were in open circuit respiration chambers. Intake of OM was lower for lactating cows fed the fat supplement (18.1 vs. 19.1 kg/d), but energy intake did not differ (93.2 Mcal/d). Total long-chain fatty acid intake was increased from 477 to 820 g/d with fat feeding. Apparent digestibility of long-chain fatty acids was increased 11.1 percentage units with increased dietary CP for lactating cows with no difference in fatty acid digestibility for the dry cows. Milk yield was higher (34.3 vs. 32.0 kg/d) with fat feeding, but milk energy yield did not differ (22.6 Mcal/d). The NEL of the fat supplement was estimated from the incremental differences in energy values within cows, assuming NEL of corn replaced by fat to be 1.96 Mcal/kg DM, and was determined to be 6.52 Mcal/kg DM (SE = 1.74). The efficiency of the use of metabolizable energy for lactation from dietary fat was 77.2%. The energy in calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids is utilized efficiently for lactation in mature cows.
Andrew
S M
SM
Ruminant Nutrition Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry Sciences Institute USDA Beltsville, MD 20705.
Tyrrell
H F
HF
Reynolds
C K
CK
Erdman
R A
RA
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004063:Digestion; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008892:Milk / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012820:Silage
D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids