title: Estimating time of death from measurement of the electrical excitability of skeletal muscle.
abstract: Post-mortem contraction was measured using sensitive force transducers inserted into human muscle. The muscle was stimulated using rectangular impulses of 1 sec duration and known current intensity. After some time, a noticeable change of the muscular contraction occurred, from a two-peak to a one-peak shape. The maximum force of the muscular contraction using a stable current intensity decreased with time since death, but relaxation time increased. The decrease of the maximum force and the increase of the relaxation time were used as criteria for extrapolating the time since death in a random sample of 50 bodies. The calculated 95% limits of confidence were 2.85 h (decrease of the maximum force) and 2.7 h (increase of relaxation time) up to 13 hours post mortem. The calculated 95% limits of confidence were checked on an independent sample of 21 bodies and proved to be reliable.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Madea
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009126:Muscle Relaxation; D009132:Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D013997:Time Factors