title: Changes in striatal dopamine neurohistochemistry and biochemistry after incomplete transient cerebral ischemia in the rat.
abstract: To evaluate the development of striatal ischemic cell damage in relation to alterations in dopamine (DA) transmission, one year old male Wistar rats underwent a 15 min incomplete cerebral ischemia (ICI) induced by occlusion of the common carotid arteries and by hypovolemic hypotension. The animals were divided into the following experimental groups: sham operated rats, rats with ICI without reperfusion, and rats with ICI followed by 60 min, 24 h, 72 h and 144 h of recirculation. The ischemia induced striatal lesions were investigated in serial coronal brain sections, stained with cresylviolet or immunostained for dopamine and cAMP regulated phosphoprotein (DARPP-32), for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivities (IR). Measurements of striatal dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) levels were made on analogous experimental groups using HPLC methods. Signs of degeneration in small to medium sized neurons were already seen after 60 min of postischemic reperfusion together with slight decreases of DARPP-32 IR and increases of GFAP IR. The damage continued to increase up to 144 h, and after 24 h of recirculation there were clearly defined areas of reduced DARPP-32 IR, overlapping with increased TH IR and increased GFAP IR. The levels of DA, DOPAC and HVA increased sharply after 60 min (151%, 462% and 201%, respectively) remained high after 24 h and normalized after 72 h of recirculation. The DA metabolism was high after 60 min and had already normalized after 24 h of recirculation. The increased DA metabolism in striatal nerve terminals in response to ischemic injury may reflect an early degenerative change in the DA terminals. The long-lasting increase in TH IR may to some extent represent an adaptive change in response to the disappearance of DA receptor-containing nerve cells. Based on the present findings it is possible that an increased D1 transmission in neostriatum immediately following the ischemic injury may contribute to striatal nerve cell degeneration in which an enhancement of NMDA receptor transduction may be implicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathochemistry and General Neurochemistry, University of Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Németh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cintra
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Herb
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Agnati
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoyer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fuxe
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D004298:Dopamine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid