title: Effect of recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor on neutrophil superoxide production.
abstract: Recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induced significant superoxide production in human neutrophils within 30 minutes after addition of stimulus and the response was complete within 2 hr. Other agents known to prime neutrophils, including LPS and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, lacked activity under the experimental conditions employed. Using a panel of pharmacologic inhibitors, we sought to compare GM-CSF-induced neutrophil superoxide to that produced by cells exposed to N-formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Each stimulant displayed a different profile. Rolipram, a peak IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor, specifically inhibited neutrophil activation by GM-CSF and fMet-Leu-Phe, while superoxide production stimulated by PMA was unaffected. Staurosporine, a protein kinase C (PK-C) inhibitor, suppressed superoxide production induced by all three neutrophil stimulants. Cytochalasin B totally inhibited superoxide induced by GM-CSF under conditions that promote the fMet-Leu-Phe-induced response. Cytochalasin B did not markedly affect PMA-induced superoxide. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that intact PK-C activity is essential for neutrophil superoxide production, but that differences exist in the initial pathways induced by these neutrophil activators. Superoxide secretion from GM-CSF-treated neutrophils appears to be a direct, delayed response that requires assembly of microfilaments during exposure to the cytokine.
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN 46285.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schultz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology; D003571:Cytochalasin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D020889:Rolipram; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D019311:Staurosporine; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D013481:Superoxides; D003571:Cytochalasin B; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019311:Staurosporine; D020889:Rolipram; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate