Modulation of lethal and persistent rat parvovirus infection by antibody.
Two day-old athymic (rnu/rnu) and euthymic (rnu/+) rat pups nursing immune or non-immune dams were inoculated oronasally with the Yale strain of rat virus (RV-Y). All athymic and euthymic pups (57/57) from immune dams remained clinically normal, whereas 51 of 66 athymic and euthymic pups from non-immune dams died within 30 days. Infectious RV was detected by explant culture in 12 of 15 surviving pups of both genotypes from non-immune dams 30 days after inoculation, but in none of the 57 surviving pups from immune dams. RV-Y DNA was detected by Southern blotting in kidneys of surviving athymic pups from non-immune dams but was not detected in pups from immune dams. Euthymic pups from immune dams appeared not to produce endogenous antibody to RV after virus challenge, whereas euthymic pups from non-immune dams produced high-titered RV immune serum. Pups of both genotypes given immune serum prior to or with RV were fully protected from disease and persistent infection, whereas pups given immune serum 24 hours after RV were partially protected. These studies show that RV antibody offers significant protection against lethal and persistent RV infection.
Gaertner
D J
DJ
Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Jacoby
R O
RO
Paturzo
F X
FX
Johnson
E A
EA
Brandsma
J L
JL
Smith
A L
AL
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007668:Kidney / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011923:Rats, Nude; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013154:Spleen / Q000382:microbiology; D013223:Statistics as Topic
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007106:Immune Sera