title: The effects of chronic dosing on the beta 1 and beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonism of betaxolol and atenolol.
abstract: Six normal subjects were given once daily treatment for 15 days with placebo (PL), betaxolol 10 mg (B10), 40 mg (B40); atenolol 100 mg (A 100); and nadolol 40 mg (N40). Measurements of beta 1-adrenoceptorblockade (reduction of exercise heart rate) and of beta 2-adrenoceptor-blockade (attenuation of isoprenaline induced finger tremor) were made after the first, eighth and fifteenth doses of each drug. Plasma concentrations showed dose related increases between 10 mg and 40 mg doses of betaxolol, and there was significant drug accumulation at steady state compared with after single dosing. The reduction in exercise heart rate (EHR) with B10 was less in comparison with all other treatments. There were no significant differences in effects between single and chronic-dosing for any of the treatments (% reduction EHR compared with placebo, on days 1 and 15): B10 (18.2, 19.0), B40 (28.6, 26.5); A100 (22.7, 23.1); N40 (26.6, 23.8). Dose-ratios for attenuation of isoprenaline-induced finger tremor (IT100) were significantly greater with B40 compared with B10 or A100 (no dose-ratio for finger tremor could be calculated for N40). There were no differences between single and chronic-dosing (IT100 dose-ratios on days 1 and 15): B10 (3.0, 2.5), B40 (4.4, 5.3); A100 (3.0, 3.0). The attenuation of isoprenaline-induced chronotropic response (IH25) by N40 was significantly greater in comparison with all other treatments. IH25 dose-ratios (on days 1 and 15) were as follows: B10 (2.8, 3.6), B40 (5.1, 5.8); A100 (3.6, 3.6); N40 (19.0, 17.4).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lipworth
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Irvine
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: McDevitt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001262:Atenolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015784:Betaxolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015444:Exercise; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D001262:Atenolol; D007545:Isoproterenol; D015784:Betaxolol