title: Short-term effects of estrogen and progestin on blood pressure of normotensive postmenopausal women.
abstract: Blood pressure rises in women with increasing age, possibly related to the decrease in production of female hormones that accompanies menopause. Although estrogen or progestin administration alone consistently does not lower blood pressure in postmenopausal women, possible interactions of these two hormones in affecting blood pressure are not well understood. We studied 12 surgically postmenopausal, normotensive women, aged 51 +/- 2 years (SEM). Treatment for each subject consisted of 1 week each of placebo, estrogen (conjugated equine estrogens, 2.5 mg/day), progestin (medroxyprogesterone acetate, 60 mg/day), and combined estrogen and progestin, given in varied order. At the end of each week, auscultatory blood pressures were measured while patients were seated. Neither estrogen nor progestin alone either increased or decreased blood pressure significantly, whereas combined estrogen and progestin lowered systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures 6 to 7 mm Hg (P less than .05). Treatment order was unrelated to the change in blood pressure values. The authors suggest that administering progestin with estrogen may be more effective in lowering blood pressure than either hormone alone in postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Regensteiner
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Hiatt
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Byyny
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Pickett
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Woodard
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004970:Estrone / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008593:Menopause / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D004970:Estrone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone