title: Circulatory adaptation to orthostatic stress in healthy 10-14-year-old children investigated in a general practice.
abstract: 1. The magnitude and time course of circulatory adaptation to active standing were investigated in healthy premenarchic girls and boys (n = 24; 10-14 years old) by non-invasive measurement of heart rate and continuous finger blood pressure (Finapres). 2. Four subjects (two girls, two boys) showed presyncopal symptoms after 4-9 min of free standing. 3. In the 20 non-fainting subjects, changes in blood pressure and heart rate upon standing did not differ between girls (n = 10) and boys (n = 10). In the initial phase of standing (first 30 s) systolic and diastolic blood pressures dropped by 22 +/- 14 (mean +/- SD) and 16 +/- 7 mmHg, respectively, at 8 +/- 2 s. Blood pressure subsequently recovered and showed an overshoot in all subjects. The transient drop in blood pressure was accompanied by an increase in heart rate of 40 +/- 7 beats/min. These characteristic transient changes were not observed with passive head-up tilt. During the early steady-state phase (2 min), systolic blood pressure was similar to the supine value and diastolic blood pressure rose by 11 +/- 5 mmHg. Heart rate increased by 25 +/- 11 beats/min. In six of the subjects (three girls, three boys) the increase in heart rate exceeded 30 beats/min (postural tachycardia). Little further changes were observed during prolonged (10 min) standing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Dambrink
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Imholz
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Karemaker
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wieling
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001775:Blood Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007024:Hypotension, Orthostatic / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture