In vivo expression of IL-1 beta and IL-6 genes during viral infections in human.
Macrophage infiltration is a constant feature of human virus-infected tissues. However, the in situ functional status of these cells remains undetermined. In order to document an activation of macrophages in virus-infected tissues, the expression of IL-1 beta and IL-6 genes was analyzed using in situ hybridization. Several tissues were studied, as well as infections induced by different viruses: lymph nodes infected by HIV-1 (9 cases) or EBV (one case), lungs infected by CMV (5 cases) or adenovirus (1 case), livers infected by HBV, either chronically (2 cases) or acutely (7 cases presenting a fulminant hepatitis). With the exception of fulminant HBV hepatitis, IL-1 beta and IL-6 genes were expressed in all cases. IL-1 beta and IL-6 genes were usually coordinately regulated, as cells containing IL-1 beta or IL-6 mRNA were present in identical amounts and displayed a similar distribution. Analysis of the location and the morphology of monokine gene-expressing cells indicated that both small macrophages and endothelial cells expressed IL-1 beta and IL-6 genes. However, neither tingible body macrophages present in lymph node follicles nor Kupffer cells expressed these genes at a detectable level. Infected cells themselves were also negative for monokine gene expression. These findings indicate that expression of IL-1 beta and IL-6 genes by reactive cells may play a role in viral spreading limitation as well as virus-induced tissue damage.
Devergne
O
O
INSERM U. 131, Clamart, France.
Peuchmaur
M
M
Humbert
M
M
Navratil
E
E
Leger-Ravet
M B
MB
Crevon
M C
MC
Petit
M A
MA
Galanaud
P
P
Emilie
D
D
D000386:AIDS-Related Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000378:metabolism; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000378:metabolism; D004727:Endothelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015497:HIV-1; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000378:metabolism; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000378:metabolism; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*
D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6