title: Non-surgical cannulation of the vena cava for chronic blood collection in mature swine.
abstract: A nonsurgical cannulation technique for blood collections from mature swine was evaluated. Primiparous Yorkshire-Landrace sows (n = 6) received an indwelling jugular vein cannulae for 7 days duration. Recannulation was performed at monthly intervals for a total of 14 months. During cannulation, sows were restrained in a standing position using a rope snout snare. A 12-gauge by 10 cm needle was inserted into the jugular vein. Sterilized polyvinyl chloride tubing was advanced through the needle into the vein and a blunted 18-gauge needle and attached intermittent injection hub was inserted into the free end of the tubing. Surgical tape was used to form a butterfly on the tubing by suturing the tape to the animals' skin. Foam padding, livestock cement, and elastic tape helped to keep the tubing in position. Problems with cannulae patency and maintenance were few. No behavioral problems or systemic signs of illness were noted and necropsy examinations performed after the final cannulation revealed few abnormalities associated with chronic intermittent cannulation. This technique provides a safe, quick, effective means for multiple and repeated cannulae placement for blood collection from mature swine with minimal effects on the animal and without the risks associated with surgical techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ficken
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D005260:Female; D013552:Swine; D014684:Venae Cavae