Ca2+ extrusion across plasma membrane and Ca2+ uptake by intracellular stores.
The aim of this review is to summarize the various systems that remove Ca2+ from the cytoplasm. We will initially focus on the Ca2+ pump and the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger of the plasma membrane. We will review the functional regulation of these systems and the recent progress obtained with molecular-biology techniques, which pointed to the existence of different isoforms of the Ca2+ pump. The Ca2+ pumps of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum will be discussed next, by summarizing the discoveries obtained with molecular-biology techniques, and by reviewing the physiological regulation of these proteins. We will finally briefly review the mitochondrial Ca(2+)-uptake mechanism.
Missiaen
L
L
Laboratory of Molecular Signalling, Department of Zoology, Cambridge, U.K.
Wuytack
F
F
Raeymaekers
L
L
De Smedt
H
H
Droogmans
G
G
Declerck
I
I
Casteels
R
R
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism
D012964:Sodium; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium