Specific cell surface requirements for the infection of CD4-positive cells by human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and by Simian immunodeficiency virus.
Human CD4 was expressed on a range of mammalian cell lines. CD4+ non-primate cells, derived from rat, hamster, mink, cat, and rabbit, bind recombinant gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) but are resistant to HIV-1 infection. CD4 expression on various human, rhesus, and African green monkey cell lines confers differential susceptibilities for HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency (SIV) strains. For example, CD4+ TE671 rhabdomyosarcoma cells are sensitive to HIV-1 and HIV-2 but resistant to SIV, whereas CD4+ U87 glioma cells are resistant to HIV-1 infection but sensitive to HIV-2 and SIV. HIV-1 infection was not dependent on human major histocompatibility class I expression. Studies of cell fusion and of infection by vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes bearing HIV-1 and HIV-2 envelopes showed that the differential cell tropisms of HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV are determined at the cell surface.
Clapham
P R
PR
Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
Blanc
D
D
Weiss
R A
RA
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120