title: Toxic shock syndrome and tampons.
abstract: There has been a substantial reduction in the incidence of toxic shock syndrome in the 10 years since the association between tampons and toxic shock syndrome was first recognized. The decreased incidence is real, and not the result of decreased reporting to the passive surveillance system. The decreased incidence of menstrual toxic shock syndrome can primarily be explained by changes in the absorbency and composition of tampons available to the consumer. The reduction in the occurrence of menstrual toxic shock syndrome can be attributed to the withdrawal of Rely brand, which consisted of a unique composition, and subsequently to the lowering of absorbency of all brands of tampons. The conclusions of the early studies of toxic shock syndrome pointed the way to prompt public health interventions and resulted in the prevention of substantial morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schuchat
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Broome
mesh_terms: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D052576:Menstrual Hygiene Products / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000592:standards; D008598:Menstruation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000150:complications*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000378:metabolism; D018089:Superantigens; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D018089:Superantigens; C030107:enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal