Virus inactivation during production of intravenous immunoglobulin.
The effect of pepsin treatment at pH 4 on the infectivity of several enveloped viruses was assessed under the conditions used during the production of intravenous immunoglobulins. It was shown that the prototypes of four virus families--human immunodeficiency virus (Lentivirinae), herpes simplex virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus (Herpesviridae), Semliki Forest virus (Togaviridae), and vesicular stomatitis virus (Rhabdoviridae)--were inactivated by this procedure. With vesicular stomatitis virus as a model, the contributions of both low pH and pepsin were demonstrated, and pepsin had a synergistic or additive action.
Kempf
C
C
Central Laboratory, Blood Transfusion Service, Swiss Red Cross, Bern, Switzerland.
Jentsch
P
P
Poirier
B
B
Barré-Sinoussi
F
F
Morgenthaler
J J
JJ
Morell
A
A
Germann
D
D
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007700:Kinetics; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012672:Semliki forest virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects*
D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D010434:Pepsin A