title: Simvastatin, an inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis, shows a synergistic effect with N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea and beta-interferon on human glioma cells.
abstract: The effect of simvastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, on human glioma cell growth was investigated. When incubated with simvastatin, cell proliferation decreased in a concentration-dependent fashion, as measured by cell number and [3H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA (concentration producing 50% inhibition, 60 nM). The effect was detectable 12 h after cells were exposed to the drug and persisted for 2 days. Addition of mevalonate to cells exposed effect of simvastatin in combination with beta-interferon and N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea, both antitumoral drugs, was also evaluated by cell growth inhibition assay. The concentration producing 50% inhibition for each of these drugs was 650 units/ml and 50 nM, respectively. Subliminal concentrations of beta-interferon or N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea were incubated together with 1 nM simvastatin. The data were analyzed with the aid of an isobologram using the concept of an envelope of additivity. Simultaneous cell exposure to simvastatin with either N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea or beta-interferon produced a strong synergistic inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. These data provide in vitro support for the possibility that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, utilized as plasma cholesterol-lowering agents, could potentiate the effect of antiblastic drugs on tumor growth.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Soma
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pagliarini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Butti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paoletti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paoletti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fumagalli
mesh_terms: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002330:Carmustine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D008148:Lovastatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019821:Simvastatin; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D016899:Interferon-beta; D008148:Lovastatin; D019821:Simvastatin; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D002330:Carmustine