title: Redox potentials of flavocytochromes c from the phototrophic bacteria, Chromatium vinosum and Chlorobium thiosulfatophilum.
abstract: The redox potentials of flavocytochromes c (FC) from Chromatium vinosum and Chlorobium thiosulfatophilum have been studied as a function of pH. Chlorobium FC has a single heme which has a redox potential of +98 mV at pH 7 (N = 1) that is independent of pH between 6 and 8. The average two-electron redox potential of the flavin extrapolated to pH 7 is +28 mV and decreases 35 mV/pH between pH 6 and 7. The anionic form of the flavin semiquinone is stabilized above pH 6. The redox potential of Chromatium FC is markedly lower than for Chlorobium. The two hemes in Chromatium FC appear to have a redox potential of 15 mV at pH 7 (N = 1), although they reside in very different structural environments. The hemes of Chromatium FC have a pH-dependent redox potential, which can be fit in the simplest case by a single ionization with pK = 7.05. The flavin in Chromatium FC has an average two-electron redox potential of -26 mV at pH 7 and decreases 30 mV/pH between pH 6 and 8. As with Chlorobium, the anionic form of the flavin semiquinone of Chromatium FC is stabilized above pH 6. The unusually high redox potential of the flavin, a stabilized anion radical, and sulfite binding to the flavin in both Chlorobium and Chromatium FCs are characteristics shared by the flavoprotein oxidases. By analogy with glycolate oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase for which there are three-dimensional structures, the properties of the FCs are likely to be due to a positively charged amino acid side chain in the vicinity of the N1 nitrogen of the flavin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Bartsch
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Caffrey
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cusanovich
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology*; D002844:Chromatium / Q000201:enzymology*; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000378:metabolism*; D005415:Flavins / Q000378:metabolism; D006418:Heme / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D005415:Flavins; D006418:Heme; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C064500:flavocytochrome c sulfide dehydrogenase