title: Forage mineral concentration, animal performance, and mineral status of heifers grazing cereal pastures fertilized with sulfur.
abstract: Thirty yearling Santa Gertrudis-sired heifers (average initial weight 238 kg) were continuously grazed (five heifers/pasture) on six 2-ha oat-wheat small grain pastures for 112 d to determine the effect of fertilization of pastures with urea (U) vs ammonium sulfate (AS) on mineral status and performance of heifers. Pastures were fertilized with either U, at 200 kg/ha, or AS, at 438 kg/ha, to provide 92 kg of N/ha in November 1987 and March 1988. Ammonium sulfate provided 107 kg of S/ha. Forage samples were collected during each month. Heifers were initially weighed following an overnight fast and at the end of four consecutive 28-d intervals (Periods 1 to 4). Serum and ruminal fluid were collected on d 56 and 112. Pastures fertilized with AS had a greater (P less than .10) in vitro dry matter disappearance during Periods 2 and 3. Ammonium sulfate-fertilized pastures had greater than (P less than .05) S concentrations from January 29 through termination of the trial. There were no differences in ADG (P less than .28) or gain/ha (GPH; P less than .43) over 112 d; however, heifer ADG was greater (P less than .08) in Period 3 and tended to be greater (P less than .16) in Period 2 for those animals grazing U-fertilized pastures. Pastures receiving AS produced less (P less than .04) GPH during Period 2. Ammonium sulfate fertilization in this trial had no effect on forage K, Ca, P, Mg, Cu, or Mo mineral concentrations or on serum mineral and ruminal VFA concentrations, but it did result in an increase in IVDMD and a trend for decreased ADG apparently associated with a decrease in forage intake.
authors.affiliation: Texas A&M University, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station 77843.
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Hardt
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Ocumpaugh
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Greene
mesh_terms: D000645:Ammonium Sulfate; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development*; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D005308:Fertilizers; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D011891:Rain; D011897:Random Allocation; D013455:Sulfur / Q000032:analysis; D014508:Urea; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D008903:Minerals; D010758:Phosphorus; D013455:Sulfur; D003300:Copper; D014508:Urea; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D000645:Ammonium Sulfate; D002118:Calcium