title: Digestion criteria in nursing beef calves supplemented with limited levels of protein and energy.
abstract: This study was conducted with grazing nursing calves (197 kg) to determine the effects of 1) limiting creep feed intake and 2) increasing the concentration of ruminal escape CP in creep feed at a limited level of creep feed intake on fescue and milk intake, ruminal NDF digestion, and total tract digestibility in calves fed high-quality, freshly harvested fescue. The treatments were 1) control (no creep feed), 2) limited intake of creep feed (.60 kg/d) having a moderate concentration of CP (13%), 3) limited intake of creep feed (.60 kg/d) having a high concentration of CP (35%), and 4) unlimited (high) intake (1.62 kg/d) of the same creep feed fed in Treatment 2. Forage OM intake was negatively correlated (r = -.995, P less than .05) with level of creep feed OM intake, whereas milk OM intake was not affected by level of creep feed intake. Decreases in ruminal fiber digestion and total tract NDF digestion caused by unlimited creep feeding were partially avoided by limiting creep feed intake. Digestible OM intake increased by .47 kg per kilogram of creep feed OM intake.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anim. Sci., University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cremin
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Faulkner
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Merchen
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fahey
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Fernando
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Willms
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D006109:Poaceae; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D000641:Ammonia