title: Identification of colony-stimulating factor activity in patients with malignant tumors associated with excessive leukocytosis.
abstract: We have tried to demonstrate and identify colony-stimulating factor (CSF) activity in the plasma, pleural fluid, ascites or culture supernatant of tumor cells in 11 patients with malignant tumors associated with unexplained persistent leukocytosis. The specimens were treated with anti-granulocyte (G)-CSF or anti-granulocyte/macrophage (GM)-CSF monoclonal antibodies, then added to GM-progenitor (CFU-GM) cultures without exogenous CSFs. In all patients, untreated specimens generated CFU-GM-derived colonies, and colony formation was clearly inhibited by only one of the two antibodies, indicating the presence of either G-CSF or GM-CSF in the specimens. Furthermore, we measured the concentrations of G-CSF or GM-CSF in the specimens using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and confirmed the results by CFU-GM assay. Two patients were shown to have GM-CSF-producing tumors, while the other patients were G-CSF-producing. These assays are useful in identifying CSF activity in patients with CSF-producing tumors.
authors.affiliation: College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsuyuoka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ihara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seko
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumagai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D018219:Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000276:immunology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008441:Maxillary Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000276:immunology; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000276:immunology; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor