Anti-CD2 receptor antibodies activate the HIV long terminal repeat in T lymphocytes.
The CD2 T lymphocyte glycoprotein surface molecule mediates both cell to cell adhesion and T cell activation, two processes that are involved in the spread of HIV infection. Treatment of chronically HIV-infected PBMC with anti-CD2 mAb has been shown to induce the expression of infectious virus from these cultures. In this study we investigated the mechanisms whereby anti-CD2 antibodies stimulate viral production. We demonstrate that treatment of transiently transfected T lymphocytes with anti-CD2 antibodies results in activation of the HIV long terminal repeat. Furthermore, CAT assays using mutated HIV long terminal repeat-CAT constructs and gel shift assays demonstrate that this activation is dependent on the NF-kappa B enhancer. These studies suggest that interaction of CD2 with its natural ligand, LFA-3, may play a role in regulation of HIV expression.
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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P
Bressler
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G
Pantaleo
A
A
Demaria
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AS
Fauci
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D018801:CD2 Antigens; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000382:microbiology*; D014162:Transfection; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D018801:CD2 Antigens; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha