Curdlan sulfate and HIV-1. I. In vitro inhibitory effects of curdlan sulfate on HIV-1 infection.
Action mechanisms of a newly synthesized polysaccharide, curdlan sulfate (CRDS), on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection were investigated in vitro using syncytium formation microassay and p24 antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These assays measured the titer of infectious virions and the amounts of HIV-1 core antigen p24 in soluble, intraviral, and intracellular forms. CRDS treatments were performed for 1 h at 37 degrees C. H9 cells pretreated with 0.1 to 100.0 micrograms/ml of CRDS appreciably inhibited HIV-1 infection. CRDS-treated HIV-1 virions were less able to infect H9 cells than untreated virions. The simultaneous treatment of H9 cells and HIV-1 virions with CRDS induced a significant inhibition of HIV-1 infection, resulting in the temporary disappearance of virions at the highest dose of CRDS. In contrast, CRDS treatment of newly HIV-1-infected H9 cells caused a significant decrease in the titer of infectious HIV-1 and the p24 amounts of all three forms, but no absolute elimination. Taken together, these results indicate that CRDS may block the binding of the HIV-1 envelope to the H9 cell surface, with emphasis on the high affinity of CRDS to the HIV-1 envelope.
Aoki
T
T
Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
Kaneko
Y
Y
Stefanski
M S
MS
Nguyen
T
T
Ting
R C
RC
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000382:microbiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000032:analysis; D005936:Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014771:Virion / Q000187:drug effects; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*; D047071:beta-Glucans
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D005936:Glucans; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D047071:beta-Glucans; C063130:curdlan sulfate