An early postinfection signal mediated by monoclonal anti-beta 2 microglobulin antibody is responsible for delayed production of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
We recently found (C. Devaux, J. Boucraut, G. Poirier, P. Corbeau, F. Rey, M. Benkirane, B. Perarneau, F. Kourilsky, and J.C. Chermann, submitted for publication) a latency in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 cytopathic effect in the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I immortalized T-cell line MT4 that was mediated by anti-beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2m) monoclonal antibodies (MAb). Here we describe a delay in viral particle production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) that was mediated by three (B1-1G6, B2-62-2, and HC11-151-1) of four anti-beta 2m MAb tested, the nonefficient MAb (C21-48A) being specific for an epitope on beta 2m that was masked by association with the human leukocyte antigen class I heavy chain. Experiments were designed to determine the mechanism of interference. PBMC incubated with anti-beta 2m MAb before viral exposure were not protected from HIV infection. In addition, anti-beta 2m MAb were not efficient in preventing syncytium formation between HIV-infected PBMC and CD4-positive MT4 cells. In contrast, anti-beta 2m MAb treatment of freshly infected PBMC significantly delayed HIV production in these cells. The window of cell sensitivity to anti-beta 2m MAb treatment took place during a very early post-HIV-binding stage. The possible mechanism of anti-beta 2m MAb action is discussed.
Corbeau
P
P
Unité de Recherches sur les Rétrovirus et Maladies Associées, Institut National de la Santé, Marseille, France.
Devaux
C
C
Kourilsky
F
F
Chermann
J C
JC
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000276:immunology*; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000276:immunology*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase