Antibodies to colony-stimulating factors block Lewis lung carcinoma cell stimulation of immune-suppressive bone marrow cells.
Progressive growth of metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumors results in a concurrent stimulation of myelopoiesis and the appearance of immune-suppressive bone marrow cells. The present study has shown that normal bone marrow cells could be induced to become immune-suppressive by 3 days of culture with supernatants of cloned metastatic LLC-LN7 variant cells. The capacity of the LLC-LN7 supernatants to stimulate the appearance of suppressor cells was directly proportional to the concentration of supernatant used in the bone marrow culture. When adoptively transferred with a LLC-LN7 tumor inoculum, the supernatant-induced suppressor bone marrow cells increased the rate of appearance of palpable tumors and the frequency of tumor establishment. The LLC-LN7 supernatants containing suppressor-cell-inducing activity also had colony-stimulating factor (CSF) activity. The CSF activity produced by the LLC-LN7 cells could be diminished with neutralizing antibodies to either granulocyte/monocyte(GM-) CSF or to interleukin-3 (IL-3). Likewise, the suppressor-inducing activity in the LLC-LN7 supernatants was diminished by pretreatment with anti-GM-CSF or anti-IL-3. The combination of anti-GM-CSF and anti-IL-3 completely neutralized all suppressor-inducing activity produced by the LLC-LN7 cells. These results suggest that the secretion of IL-3 and GM-CSF by LLC-LN7 tumor cells is a mechanism by which the tumors stimulate myelopoiesis and induce normal bone marrow cells to become immune-suppressive. Bone marrow cells that are induced to become immune-suppressive by culture with LLC-LN7 supernatants can, in turn, facilitate the establishment of tumor in vivo.
Young
M R
MR
Department of Research Services, Hines V. A. Hospital, IL 60141.
Wright
M A
MA
Young
M E
ME
D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000276:immunology*; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016256:Lewis X Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D016256:Lewis X Antigen; D003208:Concanavalin A