Regulation of non-esterified fatty acid and glycerol concentration by insulin in normal individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes.
Plasma glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were determined in the basal state and in response to physiological hyperinsulinaemia in 30 non-obese individuals, 15 with Type 2 diabetes and 15 with normal glucose tolerance. Patients with Type 2 diabetes had higher basal concentrations of both glycerol (81 +/- 7 (+/- SE) vs 61 +/- 7 mumol l-1, p less than 0.05) and NEFA (842 +/- 40 vs 630 +/- 46 mumol l-1, p less than 0.002). Plasma NEFA and glycerol concentrations fell in both groups when steady-state plasma insulin concentrations were raised to approximately 450 pmol l-1 by an infusion of exogenous insulin, but plasma concentrations of glycerol (28 +/- 3 vs 13 +/- 3 mumol l-1, p less than 0.002) and NEFA (186 +/- 15 vs 109 +/- 14 mumol l-1, p less than 0.001) were still higher in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Percentage decrease in glycerol from basal levels in response to insulin was significantly less in patients with Type 2 diabetes than in control subjects (64 +/- 3 vs 80 +/- 3%, p less than 0.005); percentage decrease in plasma NEFA concentration was similar in the two groups (78 +/- 3 vs 80 +/- 4%). These results suggest that both plasma glycerol and NEFA concentrations are higher than normal in patients with Type 2 diabetes when measured at the same insulin concentration, both under basal conditions and in response to physiological hyperinsulinaemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
R
R
Skowronski
C B
CB
Hollenbeck
B B
BB
Varasteh
Y D
YD
Chen
G M
GM
Reaven
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D013004:Somatostatin; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol