Assessment of the mutagenic potential of ethanol auto engine exhaust gases by the Salmonella typhimurium microsomal mutagenesis assay, using a direct exposure method.
The mutagenic activity of the new Brazilian fuel, ethanol, was determined by employing the Salmonella typhimurium microsomal mutagenesis assay (TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA104) and a direct exposure method. This methodology was first used to determine the mutagenic activity of gasoline, revealing mutagenic activity of base-pair substitution without any need for metabolic activation, indicating the presence of direct-action mutagens. Experiments with ethanol suggest an indirect mutagenic activity of the oxidant type. The exposure system was considered suitable for future studies of gaseous mixtures.
Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Lotfi
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Brentani
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GM
Böhm
D000818:Animals; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity; D005742:Gasoline / Q000009:adverse effects; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
D005742:Gasoline; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D000431:Ethanol