Prophylactic or simultaneous administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor in the treatment of group B streptococcal sepsis in neonatal rats.
Despite the emergence of newer antibiotic treatments, group B streptococcal infection still carries a high mortality rate in the newborn and is characterized by reduced neutrophil proliferative pools, neutrophil storage pools, neutropenia, and polymorphonuclear cell dysfunction. Recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) has recently been demonstrated to induce neutrophilia and modulate neutrophil proliferative pools and neutrophil storage pools in the newborn rat. We therefore investigated the adjuvant effect of rhG-CSF given to group B streptococcus (GBS) septic Sprague-Dawley newborn (less than 36 h) rats treated with and without antibiotic therapy. After inoculation of GBS, a GBS survival curve established the LD50 at 50 h to be approximately 3 X 10(6) organisms/gm. Newborn rats were divided into four treatment groups after GBS inoculation. rhG-CSF was administered at the same time as GBS inoculation. At 24 h, there was approximately 100% survival in all groups. However, by 72 h after GBS inoculation, there was a significant difference in survival. Group 1, PBS/Alb, had a survival rate of 4%; group 2, rhG-CSF, 9%; group 3, antibiotics, 28%; and group 4, antibiotics plus rhG-CSF, 91% (p less than or equal to 0.001). Additionally, when rhG-CSF was administered prophylactically (6 h before GBS), a similar significant synergistic effect in survival was demonstrated with granulocyte colony stimulating factor plus antibiotics versus antibiotics alone (70 versus 10%) (p less than or equal to 0.01). These preliminary data suggest that either simultaneous or prophylactic pulse administration of rhG-CSF may have a synergistic and protective effect on survival in antibiotic-treated experimental GBS in the neonatal rat.
Cairo
M S
MS
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Childrens Hospital of Orange County, California 92668.
Mauss
D
D
Kommareddy
S
S
Norris
K
K
van de Ven
C
C
Modanlou
H
H
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006098:Granulocytes; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor