Influence of retinoids on sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomes in cultured human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells.
The cytogenetic effects of retinoids and their metabolites on human embryonic palatal mesenchymal (HEPM) cells were investigated in cell culture. Treatment with 13-cis, 4-oxo-13-cis-, and all-trans-retinoic acids did not induce chromosomal structural aberrations even at high concentrations in the presence or absence of metabolic activation system. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) tended to decrease in HEPM cells treated with retinoids in the absence of S-9. 4-Oxo-13-cis-retinoic acid, which is one metabolite of 13-cis-retinoic acid, significantly decreased the SCE frequencies. The mitotic index decreased with increasing concentration of retinoic acids, indicating that retinoids inhibit cell proliferation in HEPM cells. We concluded that retinoids inhibit cell proliferation in HEPM cells in culture without causing DNA or chromosome damage.
Watanabe
T
T
Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan.
Pratt
R M
RM
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D006801:Humans; D010159:Palate / Q000166:cytology; D012176:Retinoids / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
D012176:Retinoids; D003520:Cyclophosphamide