Regulation of non-esterified fatty acid and glycerol concentration by insulin in normal individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes.
Plasma glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were determined in the basal state and in response to physiological hyperinsulinaemia in 30 non-obese individuals, 15 with Type 2 diabetes and 15 with normal glucose tolerance. Patients with Type 2 diabetes had higher basal concentrations of both glycerol (81 +/- 7 (+/- SE) vs 61 +/- 7 mumol l-1, p less than 0.05) and NEFA (842 +/- 40 vs 630 +/- 46 mumol l-1, p less than 0.002). Plasma NEFA and glycerol concentrations fell in both groups when steady-state plasma insulin concentrations were raised to approximately 450 pmol l-1 by an infusion of exogenous insulin, but plasma concentrations of glycerol (28 +/- 3 vs 13 +/- 3 mumol l-1, p less than 0.002) and NEFA (186 +/- 15 vs 109 +/- 14 mumol l-1, p less than 0.001) were still higher in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Percentage decrease in glycerol from basal levels in response to insulin was significantly less in patients with Type 2 diabetes than in control subjects (64 +/- 3 vs 80 +/- 3%, p less than 0.005); percentage decrease in plasma NEFA concentration was similar in the two groups (78 +/- 3 vs 80 +/- 4%). These results suggest that both plasma glycerol and NEFA concentrations are higher than normal in patients with Type 2 diabetes when measured at the same insulin concentration, both under basal conditions and in response to physiological hyperinsulinaemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Skowronski
R
R
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
Hollenbeck
C B
CB
Varasteh
B B
BB
Chen
Y D
YD
Reaven
G M
GM
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D013004:Somatostatin; D005947:Glucose; D005990:Glycerol