Octoclothepin enantiomers. A reinvestigation of their biochemical and pharmacological activity in relation to a new receptor-interaction model for dopamine D-2 receptor antagonists.
Octoclothepin (1) was resolved into its R and S enantiomers via the diastereomeric tartaric acid salts. The enantiomers were shown to be of high optical purity by 1H NMR with use of the chiral shift reagent (R)-(-)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)ethanol. Pharmacological and biochemical testing confirmed that (S)-1 is the more potent dopamine (DA) D-2 antagonist both in vitro and in vivo, although the R enantiomer still has significant D-2 antagonistic activity. In contrast, both enantiomers were equally active in test models detecting activity at D-1 receptors, serotonin-2 (5-HT2) receptors and alpha 1 adrenoceptors. Contrary to a previous prediction, it was found that norepinephrine (NE) uptake inhibition was confined solely to the S enantiomer. Overall, (S)-1 has a "classical" neuroleptic profile, while the R enantiomer has a more "atypical" profile. These pharmacological profiles seem to be in agreement with the reported clinical profiles of the two enantiomers. A previous conformational study was revised in light of the biochemical test results with enantiomers of known optical purity. Their relative D-2 receptor affinity corresponded well with the calculated conformational energy difference between their "active conformations" deduced from a previously reported new D-2 receptor model. Also the high enantioselectivity of (S)-1 at the NE uptake site could be explained after a detailed conformational analysis showing strict requirements for the orientation of the piperazine lone-pair direction at the NE uptake site.
Research Laboratories, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark.
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Bøgesø
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Liljefors
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Arnt
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Hyttel
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Pedersen
D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects; D003988:Dibenzothiepins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003988:Dibenzothiepins; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; C100288:octoclothepine