[Clinical study of urinary cytology in bladder tumors--analysis of factors related with positivity of urinary cytology].
To clarify the clinical and pathological determinants affecting the sensitivity of urinary cytology, we reviewed cytological findings from 119 patients with bladder cancer who were initially treated between January 1982 and March 1988. Cytological specimens obtained from voided urine were stained by the Giemsa and Papanicolaou techniques, and were classified into three categories of malignant cells: positive, suspicious, and negative. Of 311 specimens examined, 114 (37%) were positive, 81 (26%) were suspicious, and the remaining 116 (37%) were negative. The overall positive rate, or sensitivity, was 50% (60 out of 119 patients). The sensitivities were 7% for patients with grade 1 tumors, 42% for grade 2 tumors, and 97% for grade 3 tumors. Univariate analysis by logistic regression analysis revealed that grade, stage, histological pattern of growth, size and number of tumors, and patient age were significantly related with the positivity of voided urinary cytology. The logistic regression model, as a multivariate analysis, demonstrated that grade was the most important determinant affecting the positive cytologic finding, followed by number of tumors with statistical significance. We conclude that the lower sensitivity in conventional urinary cytology for low-grade tumors necessitates new adjuncts, including immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, to lower the false-negative rate.
Tanaka
K
K
Department of Urology, Nagoya University School of Medicine.
Takashi
M
M
Sahashi
M
M
Shimoji
T
T
Miyake
K
K
Koshikawa
T
T
Shiral
T
T
Kawashima
K
K
Nakajima
N
N
Hamajima
N
N
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000652:urine*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000652:urine*; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology*