Tumor markers and oncogene expression in thyroid cancer using biochemical and immunohistochemical studies.
In 111 thyroid cancer patients consisting of 89 papillary carcinomas, 17 follicular carcinomas, 2 medullary carcinomas, 1 squamous cell carcinoma and 2 malignant lymphomas, the levels of 12 tumor markers, including thyroglobulin (Tg), were measured in the serum by radioimmunoassay and radioimmunoassay related methods. Serum levels of Tg were elevated in 58.6%, those of CA-M26 in 15.7%, CA 19-9 in 5.3%, CT in 3.6%, NSE in 3.6%, CA 15-3 in 2.6%, CA 125 in 2.6%, CEA in 0.9%, CA-M 29 in 0%, ferritin in 0%, SCC in 0% and AFP in 0% of cases. Among the patients, there was a case of thyroid carcinoma secreting thyroglobulin and CA 19-9, both of whose titer decreased after surgery. Immunohistochemical studies were carried out on 57 of the above mentioned patients plus 6 anaplastic carcinomas, 15 adenomas, 5 adenomatous goiters, 6 Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 15 Graves' disease and 15 normal subjects. CA 19-9 was positive in 58% of the papillary carcinomas, EGF in 73% of papillary carcinomas, 67% of anaplastic carcinomas, and 33% of follicular carcinomas, while EGF-R was found in 73% of the papillary carcinomas, and 33% of the follicular carcinomas. Enhanced expression of ras p 21 oncogene and (c-myc oncogene) was demonstrated in 100% (100%) of anaplastic carcinomas, in 100% (67%) of follicular carcinomas and in 63% (90%) of papillary carcinomas. Our results indicate that a better tumor marker is required and more extensive molecular oncology research should be pursued.
Hashimoto
T
T
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
Matsubara
F
F
Mizukami
Y
Y
Miyazaki
I
I
Michigishi
T
T
Yanaihara
N
N
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000097:blood; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D015843:Serpins; D013954:Thyroglobulin / Q000097:blood; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D009088:Mucoproteins; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D015843:Serpins; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; C057387:mucinous carcinoma-associated antigen; C051072:squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen; D002116:Calcitonin; D013954:Thyroglobulin; C501009:HRAS protein, human; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase