A platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) deficiency in healthy blood donors: Naka- platelets lack detectable GPIV (CD36).
It has recently been shown that the Naka antigen, which is absent in 3% to 11% of Japanese blood donors, is expressed on platelet glycoprotein IV (GPIV; CD36) (Tomiyama et al, BLOOD, 75:684, 1990). In the present studies, flow cytometry was used to distinguish differences in the reactivity of Naka+ and Naka- platelets with both OKM5, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes an epitope on GPIV, and with polyclonal anti-GPIV antibody. OKM5 was also used to screen 871 platelet concentrates prepared from healthy US blood donors. Three of these showed markedly deficient binding of 125I-OKM5 or an incidence of 0.34%. Two of these donors were re-accessed and showed less than 1% binding of 125I-OKM5 as compared with 10,300 +/- 1,500 binding sites per platelet in controls (n = 4). Platelets from these two US donors were radiolabeled (125I, 3H) and compared with control platelets and with platelets from Japanese Naka+ and Naka- donors by crossed immunoelectrophoresis, protein blots, immunoprecipitation, and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. GPIV could not be detected by any of these techniques in the Naka- platelets nor in the donors whose platelets showed deficient binding of OKM5. These results suggest that GPIV functions as an isoantigen rather than an alloantigen in immunizing Naka- platelet recipients. This is the first report of the absence of a major platelet membrane GP in healthy blood donors.
Yamamoto
N
N
American Red Cross Cell Biology Laboratory, Rockville, MD 20855.
Ikeda
H
H
Tandon
N N
NN
Herman
J
J
Tomiyama
Y
Y
Mitani
T
T
Sekiguchi
S
S
Lipsky
R
R
Kralisz
U
U
Jamieson
G A
GA
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet; D044466:Asian People; D001782:Blood Donors; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007123:Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000172:deficiency*; D011233:Precipitin Tests
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D007519:Isoantigens; C062601:Naka isoantigen, human; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins