Energetic output of subadult polar bears (Ursus maritimus): resting, disturbance and locomotion.
1. Indirect calorimetry was used to determine metabolic rates in subadult polar bears at rest after human-controlled disturbance and at four rates of locomotion. 2. Disturbance factors that do not result in locomotion would only have a significant effect on energy expenditure if they occurred over an extended period of time. 3. Human disturbance resulting in locomotion would have a relatively high energetic cost to individual animals. 4. Polar bears may require a relatively high energetic output to initiate walking.
Institute of Arctic Ecophysiology, Churchill, Manitoba, Canada.
P D
PD
Watts
K L
KL
Ferguson
B A
BA
Draper
D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D001503:Ursidae / Q000378:metabolism*