Transcriptional regulation of early-response genes during polyomavirus infection.
Infection of quiescent BALB/c 3T3 cells with polyomavirus leads to the biphasic accumulation of RNA from several early-response genes. The steady-state levels of RNA of c-fos, c-myc, and c-jun were detected at 0 to 1 and 12 to 30 h after infection but not at 6 h postinfection. Infections with mutant viruses suggest that in the context of a virus infection with other tumor (T) antigens present, large T and middle T antigens are dispensable for the effect and small t antigen is important for the regulation, perhaps in conjunction with large T or middle T antigens. These results are in agreement with those of Zullo et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:1210-1214). We have further found that this regulation occurs in NIH 3T3 cells and primary mouse embryo fibroblasts. DNA synthesis is not required for this effect. Half-lives of c-fos, c-myc, and c-jun were similarly short at both early and late times after infection, as determined by dactinomycin chase. The regulation of expression occurs at the transcriptional level. Nuclear run-on experiments showed increased rates of transcription both early and late after infection. Also, the polyomavirus early region can transactivate the c-fos promoter in transient transfection assays.
Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, Salk Institute, San Diego, California 92138-9216.
G M
GM
Glenn
W
W
Eckhart
D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D004261:DNA Replication; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009154:Mutation; D010957:Plasmids; D011120:Polyomavirus / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012260:Ribonucleases; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012313:RNA; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D012260:Ribonucleases