Differential inhibition of HIV-1 cell binding and HIV-1-induced syncytium formation by low molecular weight sulphated polysaccharides.
Dextran sulphate (MW 5000 and 8000) and a polysulphated glycosaminoglycan (MW 10,000), at concentrations that provided complete protection in a homologous infection assay, failed to block syncytium formation and the resulting cytopathic effect when MT-2 cells were mixed with H9/HIV-1 cells. These substances also had no antiviral activity when added to cells, after virus challenge, at a time when binding and entry were complete. However, a high molecular weight (500,000) dextran sulphate blocked HIV-1 infection at both stages. Thus, the gp120-CD4 interactions mediating HIV-1 binding and HIV-1-induced syncytium formation are differentially affected by this class of polyanionic substances. Furthermore, size may be a determining factor in their potential application as anti-HIV treatment.
Montefiori
D C
DC
Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
Robinson
W E
WE
Modliszewski
A
A
Rowland
J M
JM
Schuffman
S S
SS
Mitchell
W M
WM
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D002460:Cell Line; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D003911:Dextrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D008970:Molecular Weight; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D003911:Dextrans; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; C010034:Arteparon; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase