Assessment of the mutagenic potential of ethanol auto engine exhaust gases by the Salmonella typhimurium microsomal mutagenesis assay, using a direct exposure method.
The mutagenic activity of the new Brazilian fuel, ethanol, was determined by employing the Salmonella typhimurium microsomal mutagenesis assay (TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA104) and a direct exposure method. This methodology was first used to determine the mutagenic activity of gasoline, revealing mutagenic activity of base-pair substitution without any need for metabolic activation, indicating the presence of direct-action mutagens. Experiments with ethanol suggest an indirect mutagenic activity of the oxidant type. The exposure system was considered suitable for future studies of gaseous mixtures.
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Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Brentani
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Böhm
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GM
D000818:Animals; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity; D005742:Gasoline / Q000009:adverse effects; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
D005742:Gasoline; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D000431:Ethanol