Synthetic peptides containing T and B cell epitopes from human immunodeficiency virus envelope gp120 induce anti-HIV proliferative responses and high titers of neutralizing antibodies in rhesus monkeys.
We have previously described a synthetic peptide (T1-SP10) derived from two noncontiguous regions of HTLVIIIB envelope gp120 (T1, amino acids 428-443; SP10, amino acids 303-321) that induced type-specific anti-HIV neutralizing antibodies and T cell proliferative responses against native HIV gp120 when used as a carrier-free immunogen in goats. In this study, HTLVIIIB T1-SP10 synthetic peptides were used to immunize rhesus monkeys to determine if the peptides were capable of eliciting HIV-specific neutralizing antibody and proliferative responses in primates. Four compounds (alum, polyA:polyU, threonyl-muramyldipeptide (MDP) and IFA) were also compared for efficacy as adjuvants in this system. Rhesus monkeys immunized with T1-SP10 peptides generated high titers of antibodies against the immunogens and also against HTLVIIIB gp120. Sera from all four animals given T1-SP10 in IFA or threonyl-MDP neutralized infection by HTLVIIIB and blocked virus-dependent cell fusion events. A peak neutralization titer of 1:940 was seen in one animal given IFA (19600) and a titer of 1:900 was seen in one of the monkeys (17371) given threonyl-MDP. Proliferative responses of immune rhesus PBMC to T1-SP10 appeared after the first injection. After eight immunizations, two of eight monkeys (one injected with peptides in threonyl-MDP and one given peptides in IFA) had PBMC proliferative responses to native HTLVIIIB gp120. These data demonstrate that the carrier-free T1-SP10 synthetic peptide construct can induce high titers of neutralizing anti-HIV antibody responses and PBMC proliferative responses to HIV in primates.
Hart
M K
MK
Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
Palker
T J
TJ
Matthews
T J
TJ
Langlois
A J
AJ
Lerche
N W
NW
Martin
M E
ME
Scearce
R M
RM
McDanal
C
C
Bolognesi
D P
DP
Haynes
B F
BF
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D000939:Epitopes; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000939:Epitopes; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015488:HIV Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D010455:Peptides; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic