Interaction of interferons with skin reactive cytokines: from interleukin-1 to interleukin-8.
The skin as an organ contains a large pool of cells, important for the production of various cytokines. This study focuses on interferon-beta (IFN-beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production by fibroblasts and epithelial cells in response to interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Both these primary cytokines show multiple biologic activities in the skin. Their antiviral activity on fibroblasts is mediated by IFN-beta and not by IL-6. In addition, TNF-alpha and IL-1 have a growth stimulatory effect on dermal fibroblasts, which is not mediated by IFN-beta or IL-6. IL-1, double-stranded RNA, or virus are potent inducers of IL-6 and IL-8 on dermal fibroblasts, but they are less efficient on epidermal cells. IL-8 has been discovered as an early acting skin reactive factor responsible for the chemotaxis of neutrophilic granulocytes. Furthermore, IL-1 possesses delayed skin reactivity upon intradermal injection which presumably is mediated by local release of IL-8. These findings demonstrate that cytokines also interact in the skin and that dermal fibroblasts play an important role in the regulation of aspecific host defense.
Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Belgium.
J
J
Van Damme
G
G
Opdenakker
D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007372:Interferons