Forskolin-induced desensitization of pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretory responsiveness: possible involvement of impaired information flow in the inositol-lipid cycle.
Isolated rat islets of Langerhans were incubated for 2 h in a myo-[2-3H]inositol-containing solution to label their phosphoinositides. Also included during this labeling period was forskolin (0.1-5 microM), a compound established to elevate islet cAMP levels. These islets were subsequently perifused, and their insulin secretory responses to 20 mM glucose or 1 microM of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) were assessed. Determined in parallel with secretion were [3H] inositol efflux patterns and, at the termination of the perifusion, labeled inositol phosphate accumulation. The following major observations were made. 1) Forskolin had no deleterious effect on the total amount of [3H]inositol incorporated by the islets during the labeling period. 2) However, labeling in forskolin resulted in subsequent dose-dependent decreases in 20 mM glucose-induced insulin secretion, [3H]inositol efflux and inositol phosphate accumulation. 3) Inclusion of the diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase inhibitor monooleoylglycerol (50 microM) restored to a significant degree glucose-induced release from forskolin-desensitized islets. 4) Pretreatment with 5 microM forskolin had no deleterious effect on TPA-induced insulin release. 5) Prior exposure to forskolin also impaired phosphoinositide hydrolysis in response to cholecystokinin stimulation. 6) Similar to forskolin, labeling in isobutylmethylxanthine (1 mM) reduced in a parallel fashion islet [3H]inositol efflux and insulin secretion in response to 20 mM glucose stimulation. These findings demonstrate that prior chronic elevation of islet cAMP levels suppresses the activation of phospholipase-C in response to subsequent stimulation. Defective insulin secretory responsiveness of these islets appears to be the result of impaired generation of phosphoinositide-derived second messenger molecules, particularly DAG. By substituting for DAG, however, TPA circumvents this biochemical lesion and evokes a normal insulin secretory response from forskolin-pretreated islets.
Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, Connecticut 06536-0740.
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D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019852:Diacylglycerol Kinase; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005989:Glycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D007294:Inositol / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
D004075:Diglycerides; D005989:Glycerides; D007328:Insulin; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D005576:Colforsin; D007294:Inositol; C005953:monoolein; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D019852:Diacylglycerol Kinase; D005947:Glucose; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine