The induction and inhibition of differentiation in normal and leukaemic cells.
For granulocytic-macrophage progenitor populations and their progeny, five glycoproteins have been identified: GM-CSF, G-CSF, multi-CSF, M-CSF and IL-6 that can regulate their proliferative activity, maturation and functional activities. The same glycoproteins also have a capacity to induce irreversible differentiation commitment in normal bipotential granulocyte-macrophage progenitors and in some myeloid leukaemic cell lines, which suggests that common cellular processes exist in both situations. The leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a glycoprotein, with intriguing properties, which can either induce differentiation in some myeloid leukaemic cell lines or prevent differentiation in normal totipotential embryonic stem cells. The data from the LIF studies suggest a genetic mechanism controlling self-generation that is relatively simple and may be common to all cells. However, the actual cellular response observed appears to depend on the nature of the responding cell.
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
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Metcalf
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007938:Leukemia; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D008222:Lymphokines; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects
D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D006133:Growth Substances; D015850:Interleukin-6; C507837:LIF protein, human; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D008222:Lymphokines; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor