Interaction of interferons with skin reactive cytokines: from interleukin-1 to interleukin-8.
The skin as an organ contains a large pool of cells, important for the production of various cytokines. This study focuses on interferon-beta (IFN-beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production by fibroblasts and epithelial cells in response to interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Both these primary cytokines show multiple biologic activities in the skin. Their antiviral activity on fibroblasts is mediated by IFN-beta and not by IL-6. In addition, TNF-alpha and IL-1 have a growth stimulatory effect on dermal fibroblasts, which is not mediated by IFN-beta or IL-6. IL-1, double-stranded RNA, or virus are potent inducers of IL-6 and IL-8 on dermal fibroblasts, but they are less efficient on epidermal cells. IL-8 has been discovered as an early acting skin reactive factor responsible for the chemotaxis of neutrophilic granulocytes. Furthermore, IL-1 possesses delayed skin reactivity upon intradermal injection which presumably is mediated by local release of IL-8. These findings demonstrate that cytokines also interact in the skin and that dermal fibroblasts play an important role in the regulation of aspecific host defense.
Van Damme
J
J
Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Belgium.
Opdenakker
G
G
D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007372:Interferons