Calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation and the effect of cadmium in cultured fish cells.
1. Calmodulin constitutes approximately 0.7% of the soluble protein in rainbow trout gonadal cells (RTG-2). 2. Calcium-dependent phosphorylation of endogenous proteins was examined in vitro in cytosol fractions of RTG-2 cells. Phosphorylation of numerous proteins was stimulated by calmodulin and calcium, and inhibited by the calmodulin-binding phenothiazine, trifluoperazine. 3. Cadmium was as effective as calcium in stimulating calmodulin-dependent phosphorylations of endogenous substrates in cytosolic fractions of RTG-2 cells.
Swiss Federal Institute for Water Resources and Water Pollution Control (EAWAG), Dübendorf.
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D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014337:Trout / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D002147:Calmodulin; D011506:Proteins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D002118:Calcium