Biochemical response to cadmium. Dose-time effect.
Dose- and time-related effects of Cd (II) (0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg, Cd as CdCl2.H2O, subcutaneously, daily for 48 h, 1, 3, or 6 wk) were investigated in rats. A dose-related increase in the activity of plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) was evident only at 6 wk, whereas an early rise in ALP and LDH was seen at 3 wk in 1.0 mg Cd group only. The hepatic and renal metallothionein (MT) induction displayed a dose- as well as time-related increase with Cd accumulation. A significant increase in hepatic Zn and renal Cu, no change in hepatic Cu, and a slight increase in renal Zn was observed. Urinary ALP and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) showed an initial increase at 48 h, thereafter returned to near normal. A second phase of enzymuria (ALP, LAP, GOT, GPT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), proteinuria, and aminoaciduria occurred at 6 wk in a dose-related manner. The urinary excretion of specific renal enzymes appeared closely related to the MT induction and organ Cd levels.
Khandelwal
S
S
Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Mahatma-Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India.
Agnihotri
N
N
Tandon
S K
SK
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000187:drug effects; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000187:drug effects; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000187:drug effects; D007931:Leucyl Aminopeptidase / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000378:metabolism; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000187:drug effects
D014131:Trace Elements; D002104:Cadmium; D008668:Metallothionein; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D007931:Leucyl Aminopeptidase