title: Comparative analysis of the in vivo radioprotective effects of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), recombinant granulocyte-macrophage CSF, and their combination.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the in vivo radioprotective effects of pre-total body irradiation (TBI) conditioning with recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF) and recombinant granulocyte-macrophage CSF (rGM-CSF) in a large series of lethally and supralethally irradiated mice. Also analyzed were the radioprotective effects of simultaneous as well as sequential combinations of rG-CSF and rGM-CSF. Our findings in 1,180 mice provide direct evidence that in vivo administration of rG-CSF or rGM-CSF before TBI protects a significant fraction of mice from the lethal effects of LD100/30 TBI. At equivalent doses, rG-CSF displayed a more potent radioprotective activity than rGM-CSF. Not only was rG-CSF radioprotective at much smaller doses than rGM-CSF, the survival rate after lethal TBI was also significantly higher in mice receiving optimally radioprotective doses of rG-CSF as compared with mice receiving optimally radioprotective doses of rGM-CSF. Pretreatment of mice with rGM-CSF markedly attenuated the radioprotective affects of rG-CSF in lethally as well as supralethally irradiated mice. Pretreatment with rG-CSF followed by rGM-CSF was slightly more effective than rG-CSF alone in supralethally irradiated mice but not in lethally irradiated mice. Notably, marked differences among different strains of mice were noted regarding the optimally radioprotective doses of rG-CSF or rGM-CSF as well as probability of survival and median survival time after lethal or supralethal TBI. This report confirms and extends previous studies concerning the potential of cytokines in prevention or therapy of lethal radiation injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology-Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis.
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Waddick
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Uckun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor