title: Measurement of tachykinin-induced salivation in conscious rats.
abstract: A method of quantitatively measuring tachykinin-induced salivation in conscious, male, Sprague-Dawley rats is described. Salivation is quantified by determining the weight of a preweighed, absorbant foam cube after it has been used to swab the oral cavity of a tachykinin challenged rat. Salivation is induced by intravenous (i.v.) injection of sialogogues (microgram/kg) via the lateral tail vein. Measurements are made immediately after injection. Substance P (Sub.P), Sar9, Met (O2) 11Substance P (Sar9 Sub.P), a selective neurokinin (NK) 1 receptor agonist, Physalaemin and Eledoisin are equipotent sialogogues as determined by this method. Neurokinin A (NKA), the endogenous NK2 receptor agonist, is 0.27 (0.14-0.46) times as potent as Sub. P, while (Suc-[Asp6, MePhe8]Substance P(6-11), (senktide), a selective NK3 receptor agonist, only induced salivation at 300 microgram/kg. Acetylcholine (Ach) is only 0.006 (0.002-0.012) times as potent as Sub.P. Treatment with the neurokinin antagonist [D-Arg1, D-Trp7,9 Leu11]-Substance P (spantide) dose-dependently inhibits Sub. P stimulated salivation. Atropine dose-dependently inhibits Ach induced salivation but is inactive against Sub.P-induced salivation. These data are consistent with literature values and indicate that this method provides a simple, quantitative model, free of any possible anesthetic side effects, for the measurement of neurokinin stimulated salivation and the assessment of potential neurokinin antagonists in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Therapeutic Center Laboratory, Life Sciences Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York 14650-2158.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Tomczuk
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yanni
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013373:Substance P / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D015320:Tachykinins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D015320:Tachykinins; D013373:Substance P; D001285:Atropine; C042867:spantide; D000109:Acetylcholine