A capture enzyme immunoassay for detection of HIV-2/SIV antigen.
An antigen capture enzyme immunoassay was developed for the demonstration of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The assay (HIV-2 CE) has a sensitivity of approximately 250 pg/ml of HIV-2/SIV antigen. The HIV-2 CE was 4-16 times more sensitive than the Abbott HIV-1 antigen assay for detection of HIV-2/SIV antigen in cell culture supernatant. The sensitivity for detection of HIV-2/SIV antigen in serum or plasma was 98.5% in the HIV-2 CE and 95.5% in the Abbott HIV-1 antigen assay. The specificity of the HIV-2 CE was 99.2% (one false positive among 119 negative sera) whereas the Abbott assay was 100% specific. The HIV-2 CE detected antigen in supernatants from cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of macaque monkeys infected with HIV-2 or SIV about 1 week before a reverse transcriptase (RT) microassay was positive and remained positive for at least 1 week after the RT assay had become negative. Three cultures from persistently infected monkeys were positive only in the HIV-2 CE, reflecting a higher sensitivity compared to the RT microassay. Thus, the HIV-2 CE was more sensitive than the Abbott HIV-1 antigen assay for detection of HIV-2/SIV antigen in culture supernatants as well as in serum/plasma. Furthermore, the HIV-2 CE showed a higher sensitivity than the RT microassay for detection of HIV-2/SIV in cell culture supernatants.
Thorstensson
R
R
Department of Immunology, National Bacteriological Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden.
Walther
L
L
Putkonen
P
P
Albert
J
J
Biberfeld
G
G
D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006800:Deltaretrovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000032:analysis; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015488:HIV Antigens; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase