Cefpodoxime proxetil in upper respiratory tract infections.
Cefpodoxime proxetil is a new third generation oral cephalosporin, which shows potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and high stability in the presence of beta-lactamases. Low concentrations of cefpodoxime inhibit most respiratory pathogens, including Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. Cefpodoxime reaches concentrations of 0.24 +/- 0.06 mg/kg in tonsils, 0.89 +/- 0.80 mg/kg in lung parenchyma, and 0.91 +/- 0.01 mg/kg in bronchial mucosa; these values exceed by far the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cefpodoxime for respiratory pathogens. Preliminary clinical studies were carried out in 181 patients with upper respiratory tract infections: the results indicated an overall clinical response in 88.4% of patients; in 30% the clinical efficacy was excellent and in 58.5% it was good. Further studies showed clinical cure in 90.3% of patients with pharyngotonsillitis, and clinical efficacy (cure plus improvement) in 95% of those with acute sinusitis. Moreover, bacterial eradication was obtained in 78 to 96.7% of cases, most of which involved H. influenzae, streptococci, or M. catarrhalis. Cefpodoxime appears to be an effective new antibacterial that can be recommended as a drug of first choice in the treatment of most upper respiratory tract infections.
Bergogne-Berezin
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Department of Microbiology, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, Paris, France.
D015296:Ceftizoxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006095:Gram-Positive Cocci / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D000097627:Cefpodoxime Proxetil
D015296:Ceftizoxime; D011355:Prodrugs; D000097627:Cefpodoxime Proxetil