title: Bypass by an alternate 'carrier' of acquired unresponsiveness to hCG upon repeated immunization with tetanus-conjugated vaccine.
abstract: We report here the use of an alternative carrier diphtheria toxoid (DT) in human subjects to overcome antigen-specific unresponsiveness upon immunization with a hapten/ligand-carrier conjugate. In the phase I clinical trial of a birth control vaccine using gonadotrophin subunits linked to tetanus toxoid, some of the subjects failed to evoke a booster antibody response to human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). Presentation of the ligand on DT instead in subsequent immunizations restored anti-hCG response.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaur
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arunan
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Talwar
mesh_terms: D000917:Antibody Formation; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000276:immunology*; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin / Q000276:immunology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005260:Female; D006241:Haptens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006241:Haptens; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid