title: The genetic toxicology of ortho-toluidine.
abstract: ortho-Toluidine, a monosubstituted aniline and an intermediate in the dyeing industry, with a number of uses in other fields such as rubber processing and pharmaceutical production, has been in production for over 100 years. It is metabolised in vivo into a number of compounds, some of which are active genotoxins. It has been demonstrated to be a carcinogen in mice and rats and is a suspected human carcinogen. o-Toluidine has a wide range of genetic effects. It is a weak bacterial, fungal and mammalian mutagen, although the conditions required are stringent. The metabolising system used is of particular importance. o-Toluidine is also a clastogen, generally on prolonged exposure. It induces aneuploidy in both fungi and mammalian cultured cells. It also produces DNA damage (single-strand breaks and unscheduled DNA synthesis, UDS) and causes cell transformation. o-Toluidine can be considered a general genotoxin demonstrable under special conditions, particularly with regard to metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Microptic Ltd., University Innovation Centre, Singleton Park, Swansea, U.K.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Danford
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004330:Drosophila / Q000187:drug effects; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D014052:Toluidines / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009153:Mutagens; D014052:Toluidines; C023622:2-toluidine