title: Galanin reduces carbachol stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover in rat ventral hippocampus by lowering Ca2+ influx through voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels.
abstract: The 29-amino-acid peptide galanin (GAL) caused concentration-dependent inhibition of the accumulation of 3H-inositol phosphates (3H-InsPs) induced by the muscarinic agonist carbachol (CARB; 10(-3)-10(-5) M) in the presence of 5 mM lithium, specifically in tissue miniprisms from rat ventral hippocampus. The inhibitory effect of GAL involved the mono-, bis-, tris-, and tetrakisphosphates formed during activation for 2 min of phospholipase C by CARB (1 mM) in the absence of lithium. GAL (1 microM) did not affect alpha-adrenergic or serotonergic type 2 receptor-mediated phosphoinositide (PI) breakdown in the same tissue. GAL by itself neither acted on basal levels of 3H-InsPs nor affected muscarinic receptors in binding studies. Blockade of the T-, N-, and L-types of voltage-sensitive calcium channel (VSCC) with 200 microM Cd2+ reduced muscarinic receptor-mediated PI breakdown by 50% and abolished the inhibitory effect of GAL (1 microM). Reduction of the extracellular Ca2+ concentration from 1.3 mM to 0.49 microM abolished the GAL inhibition of CARB-stimulated PI hydrolysis. Ca2+ influx promoted by 18 mM K+ depolarization or by 1 microM Bay K 8644, a selective agonist of the L-type VSCC, prevented the inhibitory effect of GAL. Blockade of the L-type VSCC with nifedipine (1 microM) potentiated the inhibitory effects of GAL without affecting muscarinic stimulation of PI breakdown.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Cholinergic Neuropharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palazzi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Felinska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zambelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fisone
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bartfai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Consolo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004594:Electrophysiology; D019004:Galanin; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D009479:Neuropeptides; D010455:Peptides; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D019004:Galanin; D002217:Carbachol; D002118:Calcium