title: High incidence of bronchospasm with regular administration of aerosolized pentamidine.
abstract: A systematic evaluation of changes in pulmonary status by objective spirometric assessment and subjective rating using visual analog scale was performed in a cohort of 134 patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine (AP) for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Significant bronchospasm defined as greater than or equal to 15 percent reduction in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s was noted in 26 of 100 (26 percent) of patients receiving AP alone. Despite the use of salbutamol (albuterol) as concurrent aerosolized treatment in 34 subjects, bronchospasm developed in 9 of 34 (26 percent) of the patients. The subjective respiratory status rating scale was found to be unreliable in correctly predicting the development of bronchospasm. We conclude that a high incidence of bronchospasm is present in patients receiving regular AP administration using an ultrasonic nebulizer as studied, and concurrent administration of salbutamol is not fully protective of this acute adverse pulmonary reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Wellesley Hospital, Sunnybrook Medical Center, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katzman
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iglar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rachlis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001986:Bronchial Spasm / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D010419:Pentamidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D010419:Pentamidine; D000420:Albuterol