title: Improved method for morphine determination in biological fluids and tissues: rapid, sensitive and selective.
abstract: Morphine was assayed using a simple two step solvent extraction--acid back extraction sample preparation method, coupled with normal phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and dual electrode coulometric detection. HPLC is performed with a 1.0 M Tris-methanol (5:95) mobile phase with subtle pH adjustments to separate morphine and internal standard from any interfering compounds. The use of normal phase HPLC (silica column) substantially reduces problems from interfering lipophilic substances sometimes encountered with reverse phase HPLC following solvent extraction and which would otherwise require more time-consuming sample preparation. Dual electrode detection further improves the selectivity for morphine and gives excellent sensitivity (0.5 ng mL-1), reproducibility and stability for automated sample injection. This method has proven suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of morphine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Mather
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Odontiadis
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sloan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003124:Colorimetry; D004091:Hydromorphone / Q000032:analysis; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009022:Morphine Derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D009022:Morphine Derivatives; C035349:morphine-6-glucuronide; D009020:Morphine; C018108:morphine-3-glucuronide; D004091:Hydromorphone