title: Forskolin and phosphodiesterase inhibitors release adenosine but inhibit morphine-evoked release of adenosine from spinal cord synaptosomes.
abstract: The effects of forskolin, Ro 20-1724, rolipram, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) on morphine-evoked release of adenosine from dorsal spinal cord synaptosomes were evaluated to examine the potential involvement of cyclic AMP in this action of morphine. Ro 20-1724 (1-100 microM), rolipram (1-100 microM), and forskolin (1-10 microM) increased basal release of adenosine, and at 1 microM inhibited morphine-evoked release of adenosine. Release of adenosine by Ro 20-1724, rolipram, and forskolin was reduced 42-77% in the presence of alpha,beta-methylene ADP and GMP, which inhibits ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity by 81%, indicating that this adenosine originated predominantly as nucleotide(s). Significant amounts of adenosine also were released from the ventral spinal cord by these agents. Ro 20-1724 and rolipram did not significantly alter the uptake of adenosine into synaptosomes. Although Ro 20-1724 and rolipram had only limited effects on the extrasynaptosomal conversion of added cyclic AMP to adenosine, IBMX, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with a broader spectrum of inhibitory activity for phosphodiesterase isoenzymes, significantly inhibited the conversion of cyclic AMP to adenosine and resulted in recovery of a substantial amount of cyclic AMP. As with the non-xanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitors, IBMX increased basal release of adenosine and reduced morphine-evoked release of adenosine. Adenosine released by IBMX was reduced 70% in the presence of alpha,beta-methylene ADP and GMP, and release from the ventral spinal cord was 61% of that from the dorsal spinal cord. Collectively, these results indicate that forskolin and phosphodiesterase inhibitors release nucleotide(s) which is (are) converted extrasynaptosomally to adenosine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S., Canada.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sawynok
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012368:4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone / Q000494:pharmacology; D015720:5'-Nucleotidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009020:Morphine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D020889:Rolipram; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D005576:Colforsin; D012368:4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone; D009020:Morphine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D015720:5'-Nucleotidase; D020889:Rolipram; D000241:Adenosine; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine