title: Stimulation of tear secretion and treatment of dry-eye disease with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine.
abstract: We examined the effect of topically applied 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), a known secretagogue, on tear secretion and dry-eye disease in a clinical study. We found that IBMX produced a dose-dependent decrease in tear film osmolarity that was significant at 3.0 mmol/L (P less than .0005) in patients with dry-eye disease. This effect was not blocked by prior administration of proparacaine hydrochloride (P less than .05). Throughout a 4-week, open-label, vehicle-controlled study, IBMX decreased tear film osmolarity significantly, whereas vehicle alone did not. After 4 weeks, mean (+/- SEM) osmolarity in IBMX-treated eyes decreased from 325 +/- 3.2 mOsm/L to 312 +/- 1.8 mOsm/L but remained unchanged in vehicle-treated eyes (323 +/- 4.4 mOsm/L vs 320 +/- 4.2 mOsm/L). In our study, IBMX was significantly more effective than vehicle alone in decreasing rose bengal staining (P less than .02). Hence, topical IBMX stimulated tear secretion and decreased ocular surface disease in patients with dry-eye disease.
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gilbard
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Heyda
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dartt
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012395:Rose Bengal; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012395:Rose Bengal; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine