title: [Clinical, bacteriological and cost-saving effects of antibiotic prophylaxis in craniotomy].
abstract: Objective of the study. To investigate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on the incidence of infections, on the bacterial flora of wounds and on the health-care costs. A retrospective study disclosed an incidence of infection of 8.1% in patients who underwent craniotomy. Methods. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of cloxacillin (4 x 1 gr intravenously during 24 h, perioperatively) in 310 patients who had to undergo a craniotomy. Results. In the cloxacillin group significantly fewer infections occurred than in the placebo group, 6 infections in 156 and 20 infections in 154, respectively. In the cloxacillin group significantly fewer samples contained micro-organisms than in the placebo group. Cloxacillin prophylaxis reduces the cost of patient care by about 20%. Conclusion. Cloxacillin prophylaxis in craniotomy cases reduces the percentage of infections, the percentage of positive cultures of the wound, and the costs of patient care.
authors.affiliation: Afd. Infectieziekten, Academisch Ziekenhuis, Leiden.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Ek
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dijkmans
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Dulken
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mouton
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Furth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003023:Cloxacillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003363:Cost Control; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011292:Premedication; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D003023:Cloxacillin
vernacular_title: Klinische, bacteriologische en kostenbesparende effecten van antibiotische profylaxe bij craniotomie.