title: Cardiovascular effects of large doses of pentamorphone in the dog.
abstract: The cardiovascular effects of large doses of pentamorphone were evaluated in nine mongrel dogs basally anesthetized with sodium thiopental, 25 to 30 mg/kg, intravenously. All dogs were mechanically ventilated with 100% oxygen, and the PaCO2 was maintained between 35 and 40 mm Hg. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure, heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), pulmonary artery pressure, and pulmonary artery occluded pressure were measured, and stroke volume and systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances were calculated. Baseline measurements were obtained, then pentamorphone, 10 micrograms/mL, was given as an intravenous infusion at 2.5 micrograms/kg/min. Additional data were obtained after infusion of 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 micrograms/kg of pentamorphone. The inspired gases were then changed to 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen, and after a 20-minute equilibration period, an additional set of data was collected. Pentamorphone, 25 micrograms/kg, decreased HR 50%, MAP 65%, and CO 54%. No further changes in any measured or calculated variables were observed with additional doses of pentamorphone. The addition of 50% nitrous oxide to the inspired gas mixture had no effect on any measured or calculated hemodynamic variable. The minimal hemodynamic effects of pentamorphone in the dog suggest that further investigation into its use as an anesthetic is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ashburn
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McJames
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ackerman
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Pace
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D004091:Hydromorphone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011651:Pulmonary Artery; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; C058635:pentamorphone; D004091:Hydromorphone; D010100:Oxygen