title: Psychosocial, treatment, and demographic predictors of the stress associated with infertility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine which psychosocial, treatment, and demographic factors relate to the amount of perceived stress that infertile women and men experience.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, structured interview research design was used.
  
  
  METHODS
  In-person interviews were conducted in study participants' homes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wives and husbands from 185 couples in Southeastern Michigan with primary infertility were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nine-item rating scale of perceived stress associated with infertility was the outcome measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both women and men, stress was significantly positively correlated with treatment costs and number of tests and treatments received; stress was significantly negatively correlated with confidence that one will have a child and perceived control. For women only, attitudes about infertility treatments, importance of children, attributions of responsibility to physicians, and social support also significantly related to perceived stress. For men only, income, number of physicians seen, and self attributions of responsibility also significantly related to perceived stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As hypothesized, a variety of treatment characteristics and psychosocial factors were related to experienced stress. Contrary to expectation, demographic factors such as age and number of years married were not related to experienced stress. This study's results suggest that attempts by health care providers to increase patients' sense of control, optimism (within realistic limits), and social support should reduce stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abbey
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Halman
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Andrews
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003710:Demography; D004715:Endometriosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D012657:Self-Help Groups; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology*