title: The effect of L-glutamate and related agents on adenylate cyclase in the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta.
abstract: The effect of the putative amino acid transmitter, L-glutamate, on adenylate cyclase in crude membrane preparations of the rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta was investigated to determine if glutamate effects the generation of the second messenger cAMP. Addition of glutamate at 10(-3) and 5.5 x 10(-9) M resulted in significant elevations in basal activity of adenylate cyclase, while concentrations in the 10(-5)-10(-7) M range caused significant depressions below basal activity. Assays with glutamate agonists and other acidic compounds showed glutamate to be the only amino acid, dicarboxylic acid, or acidic compound capable of this pattern of stimulation and inhibition. While the response of adenylate cyclase to glutamate agonists suggested that an N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) type receptor may be present, glutamate agents acting as NMDA antagonists in vertebrate systems were agonists. Metabolic end products of glycolysis stimulated adenylate cyclase, suggesting that these, along with metabolic glutamate may regulate glycolytic enzymes. Only 10(-3) M L-glutamate significantly stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in tissue slices, and this response was restricted to those slices rich in nervous tissues. L-Glutamate eliminated the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) stimulated adenylate cyclase response suggesting that glutamate can modulate the 5-HT stimulated elevations in adenylate cyclase activity. The data support the hypothesis that L-glutamate is a neurotransmitter-modulator in the cestode.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, York University, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eklove
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Webb
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000378:metabolism; D006925:Hymenolepiasis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000469:parasitology; D006926:Hymenolepis / Q000201:enzymology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D005971:Glutamates; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D005576:Colforsin; D012701:Serotonin; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine