title: Early computed tomographic findings for thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute brain embolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The benefits and safety of thrombolytic therapy was studied in patients with acute brain embolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  We intravenously administered recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (20-30 MU for 1 hour) to 10 patients with acute (less than 6 hours) brain embolism and examined the neurological outcomes in relation to the findings on computed tomography and angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The symptoms ameliorated in four patients within 24 hours after onset, and reopening of the occluded arteries occurred in two of the patients immediately after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator infusion. On the initial computed tomographic scan (less than 3 hours), four patients had already demonstrated early indications of brain ischemia, that is, an obscure margin of the lentiform nuclei, reduced tissue attenuation, or effacement of cortical sulci. These patients failed to demonstrate reopening of the occluded arteries, and one developed a massive brain hemorrhage with clinical deterioration. Of the remaining six patients, two obtained clinical improvement with recanalization soon after the therapy and demonstrated little to slight hemorrhagic complications. The outcomes at 1 month were favorable in five patients and poor in three; death occurred in two.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator may be safe and effective when there are no early computed tomographic findings within 3 hours from the onset of embolic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, St. Mary's Hospital, Kurume, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadoshima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakane
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujishima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D002542:Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator