title: [Mediators and their antagonists in shock therapy].
abstract: The list of shock mediators currently comprises more than 150 candidates. A careful analysis using the criteria of Koch-Dale together with decision trees for exclusion of bias revealed that only histamine, C5a, beta-endorphin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) thromboxane B2, platelet-activating factor (PAF), and oxygen free radicals are shown to be causally associated with shock symptoms. Although experimental studies with inhibitors of these mediators were convincing, there is still a lack of evidence under clinical conditions (exception histamine: anaphylactic shock). Combinations of antagonists against different causal mediators are the most promising future approaches.
authors.affiliation: Biochemische und Experimentelle Abteilung, Universität zu Köln, Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Neugebauer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leuchleuthner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rixen
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D012773:Shock, Surgical / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins
vernacular_title: Mediatoren und ihre Antagonisten in der Schocktherapie.