title: A microplate version of the SOS/umu-test for rapid detection of genotoxins and genotoxic potentials of environmental samples.
abstract: The umu-microtest is a miniaturized automated short-term test version proposed for screening of umuC-dependent mutagenic potentials of chemicals relevant to environmental pollution, river water and industrial waste water. The test is based on the SOS/umu-test and has been modified in order to allow extensive testing of environmental samples. Genetically engineered Salmonella typhimurium (TA1535/pSK1002) are incubated on a microplate rotor in a sloping position for 2 h with the test samples, followed by addition of fresh culture medium to reach a 10-fold dilution of the incubation medium. 2 h later, the activity of the beta-galactosidase, which reflects umuC induction, is determined colorimetrically. The incubation of the bacteria in the presence of the test compounds as well as the assessment of beta-galactosidase activity takes place in 96-well microplates, thus enabling simultaneous screening of large numbers of samples. Data of the genotoxic potentials are available within 8 h. Computer-controlled automation is possible by using a laboratory workstation.
authors.affiliation: Arbeitskreis Molekulare Mechanismen umweltbedingter Gentoxizität (AMMUG), Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, F.R.G.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reifferscheid
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heil
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Zahn
mesh_terms: D001386:Azides / Q000633:toxicity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D013014:SOS Response, Genetics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D019810:Sodium Azide; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001386:Azides; D009153:Mutagens; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D019810:Sodium Azide; D001616:beta-Galactosidase