A dipstick, dot-ELISA assay for the rapid and early detection of bladder cancer.
A mouse monoclonal antibody (CK1K10) specific for keratin was developed. Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) were performed to detect keratin in urine samples using CK1K10 and anti-mouse IgG. A high degree of sensitivity and specificity was obtained in the detection of bladder cancer patients. A fast dot-ELISA was developed in which urine is applied onto nitrocellulose (NC) sheets or dipsticks. Dipsticks coated with urine samples can be stored at room temperature for more than 5 days and at -20 degrees C for more than 3 months without loss of efficiency. A high positive correlation was found between the fast dot-ELISA and other EIAs. The assay does not require sophisticated equipment nor highly trained technical staff and can be performed in less than 30 min. The keratin dot-ELISA could be a reliable screening test for the early detection of bladder cancer.
Attallah
A M
AM
Office of Biologic Research and Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Helmi
H
H
el-Helali
E
E
el-Mohamadi
H
H
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007633:Keratins / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic / Q000592:standards; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000652:urine
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D007633:Keratins