title: Regulation of NF-kappa B activity in murine macrophages: effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and phorbol ester.
abstract: Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappa B) has been shown to play an important role in LPS-mediated induction of several genes in macrophages. Several studies have implicated protein kinase C (PKC) or cAMP-dependent protein kinase in the regulation of NF-kappa B activity. In this study we have investigated the mechanism of NF-kappa B induction in murine macrophages. A chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) expression vector containing multiple copies of the TNF-alpha NF-kappa B element was transfected into the RAW264 macrophage-like cell line and assessed for inducible CAT activity. LPS treatment of the transfected cells resulted in a significant induction of CAT activity. CAT activity was not induced by treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or the cAMP analogue 8-bromo cAMP. To further study NF-kappa B induction, nuclear extracts were prepared from RAW264 cells. Extracts from RAW264 cells that were treated from 30 min to 2 hr with LPS had a significant increase in NF-kappa B binding activity as determined by the electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). Treatment of these cells from 30 min to 2 hr with PMA did not result in such binding activity. U.V. crosslinking analysis of the DNA-binding activity confirmed these results and indicated that LPS induced a 55 KD DNA-binding protein. Induction of this NF-kappa B binding activity was not inhibited by pretreatment with the PKC inhibitor H-7. H-7 did inhibit induction of TPA responsive element binding by either LPS or PMA. Prolonged exposure to phorbol ester, a treatment which down-regulates PKC, had no effect on LPS induction of NF-kappa B activity in these cells. These results suggest that the induction of NF-kappa B in macrophages by LPS is independent of PKC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, S.U.N.Y. Health Science Center, Syracuse 13210.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Vincenti
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Burrell
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Taffet
mesh_terms: D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007546:Isoquinolines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010879:Piperazines; D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; D004247:DNA; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate