title: Co-expression of neuropeptides in the cat's striatum: an immunohistochemical study of substance P, dynorphin B and enkephalin.
abstract: The expression of tachykinin-like and opioid-like peptides was studied in medium-sized neurons of the caudate nucleus in tissue from adult cats pretreated with colchicine. Two methods, a serial thin-section peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique and a two-fluorochrome single-section technique, were applied. Quantitative estimates were made mainly with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. The numbers of neurons expressing substance P-like, dynorphin B-like, and enkephalin-like immunoreactivity were recorded in regions identified, respectively, as striosomes and extrastriosomal matrix. Striosomes were defined by the presence of clustered substance P-positive and dynorphin B-positive neurons and neuropil. Tests for the co-existence of enkephalin-like peptide and glutamate decarboxylase-like immunoreactivity were also made with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Co-expression of substance P-like and dynorphin B-like immunoreactivities was the rule both in striosomes and in the matrix. In striosomes, substance P-like immunoreactivity was found in 96% of dynorphin B-immunoreactive neurons, and in the matrix 89% of dynorphin B-positive cells contained substance P-like immunoreactivity. Substance P/dynorphin B-positive neurons corresponded to over half (57%) of the neurons in striosomes but only 39% of the neurons in the matrix. Both in the matrix and in striosomes, about two-thirds of all neurons (63% and 65%, respectively) were identified as enkephalin-positive. Among all substance P/dynorphin B-positive medium-sized neurons, 76% also contained enkephalin-like antigen. The enkephalin-positive neurons characterized by triple peptide co-existence (enkephalin/substance P/dynorphin B) represented a mean of 63% of striosomal enkephalin-positive neurons (41% of all striosomal neurons) and 35% of matrical enkephalin-positive neurons (26% of all matrical neurons). Finally, nearly all enkephalin-positive neurons were immunoreactive for glutamate decarboxylase, and therefore probably GABAergic, but only about half the glutamate decarboxylase-positive population was enkephalin-immunoreactive. These findings suggest that neuropeptides from three distinct precursors may be co-localized in single medium-sized neurons in the striatum, and that the differential patterns of co-expression of substance P-like, dynorphin B-like, and enkephalin-like peptides may confer functional specializations upon subpopulations of GABAergic neurons giving rise to the efferent projections of the striatum. The linked expression of substance P-like and dynorphin B-like peptides in single neurons both in striosomes and matrix suggests that some regulatory mechanisms controlling peptide expression apply regardless of compartment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Institut des Neurosciences, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Besson
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Graybiel
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Quinn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013373:Substance P / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004745:Enkephalins; D013373:Substance P; D004399:Dynorphins