title: Acute and chronic effects of intrathecal galanin on behavioural and biochemical markers of spinal motor function in adult rats.
abstract: The spinal motor effects of galanin, which co-exists with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) in bulbospinal raphe neurones innervating spinal motoneurones, were examined by administering this neuropeptide through indwelling intrathecal cannulae to conscious adult Wistar rats. The acute effect of intrathecal galanin on spontaneous motor behaviour and the motor behaviours (back muscle contractions and wet-dog shakes) elicited by intrathecal injection of the non-selective 5-HT receptor agonist, 5-methoxy-N, N'-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) or the TRH analogue, RX 77368 analogue, RX 77368 (pGlu-His-3,3'-dimethyl-ProNH2), respectively, and the chronic effect of galanin on neurochemical markers for bulbospinal raphe neurones and spinal motoneurones were determined. Intrathecal galanin (0.1 to 10 micrograms) did not produce any notable motor behaviours when given alone, but pretreatment with the neuropeptide (0.1 micrograms) significantly attenuated both the number of wet-dog shakes and the amount of forepaw-licking induced by RX 77368, without affecting 5-MeODMT-induced back muscle contractions. Repeated intrathecal galanin administration (1 microgram, twice daily for 5 d) significantly elevated 5-HT (but not 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) and substance P-like immunoreactive (LI) levels and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in the dorsal, but not in the ventral, portion of the thoraco-lumbar spinal cord. In contrast, chronic intrathecal galanin did not alter the TRH- or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-LI levels in either spinal cord region.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, U.K.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Fone
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dixon
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D019004:Galanin; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008732:Methoxydimethyltryptamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D011903:Raphe Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012016:Reference Values; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008732:Methoxydimethyltryptamines; D010455:Peptides; D012701:Serotonin; D013373:Substance P; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; C027979:L-pyroglutamyl-L-histidyl-3,3-dimethylprolinamide; D019004:Galanin; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid