title: Total abdominal evisceration: an en bloc technique for abdominal organ harvesting.
abstract: This paper describes an en bloc total abdominal evisceration (TAE) technique that has been used successfully in 81 consecutive multi-organ procurements in donors ranging from 2.5 to 85 kg. Preliminary dissection performed by the surgeon and physician's assistant averaged 30 to 45 minutes before aortic cross-clamping. Removal of all abdominal organs (liver, kidneys, pancreas, bowel) en bloc averaged 16 to 24 minutes after aortic cross-clamping, depending on the speed of the thoracic procurement. Organ grafts were preserved with the University of Wisconsin preservation solution. Total procurement time for the removal of the liver, pancreas, and kidneys averaged 1.5 to 2.25 hours. Because all vascular anomalies were easily recognized ex vivo, vascular reconstruction was possible, so that all donors could potentially provide for combined liver, pancreas, and kidney transplantation. In the TAE group, primary liver graft nonfunction was 1.2% (1/81 grafts), which is less than the non-TAE liver graft nonfunction rate of 7% (7/99 grafts); this is statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Also, the incidence of fresh frozen plasma support after liver transplantation in the TAE group (2/81 transplantations) was lower than the non-TAE group (9/99 transplantations) (p less than 0.05). The overall liver recipient survival rate was 87% (non-TAE; 78/94 recipients; TAE; 65/70 recipients). Kidney-graft initial function has been similar in both the TAE and non-TAE groups. All pancreas tissue was histologically normal, and extraction of viable islet cells (average, 3600 islets per gram pancreas) was possible with yields similar to standard pancreatic (average, 379 islets per gram pancreas) harvest techniques. Preliminary experience with combined liver and whole-organ pancreas transplantations has been encouraging, with immediate discontinuation of intraoperative insulin during transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Presbyterian Medical Center, Department of Transplantation, San Francisco, CA 94115.
authors.forename: P Z
authors.initials: PZ
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Concepcion
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bry
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Limm
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itasaka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Feduska
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Esquivel
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D004210:Dissection / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009926:Organ Preservation; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014019:Tissue Donors