title: Effects of 2,3-butanedione monoxime on whole-cell Ca2+ channel currents in single cells of the guinea-pig taenia caeci.
abstract: 1. The inhibitory actions of cadmium (Cd2+), nifedipine and 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) on whole-cell Ca2+ channel currents in single cells of the guinea-pig taenia caeci were investigated using a single-electrode whole-cell voltage-clamp technique. 2. Calcium channel currents were isolated using pipette solutions containing Cs+, tetraethylammonium and ATP (3 mM). Ca2+ or Ba2+ (7.5 mM) in the bathing solution acted as the charge carrier during inward current flow. Ca2+ channel currents in 7.5 mM-Ba2+ (IBa) were recorded at potentials positive to -40 mV, were maximal near 0 mV and reversed near +60 mV. Ca2+ channel activation showed a sigmoidal relationship with potential, which was half-maximal at -13 mV. 3. Both the inward and outward flow of current was depressed and eventually blocked by 0.3-100 microM-Cd2+, 0.1-10 microM-nifedipine and 2-20 mM-BDM. Half-maximal blockade of IBa at 0 mV was achieved with approximately 3 microM-Cd2+, 1 microM-nifedipine and 10 microM-BDM. Steady-state activation curves were not affected by Cd2+ or BDM, but were shifted in the hyperpolarizing direction by nifedipine at concentrations > 1 microM. 4. Calcium channel currents in single cells and K+ contractures in intact strips were both blocked in a voltage-dependent manner. Steady-state inactivation curves (f infinity (V)) for IBa were shifted 20 mV in the hyperpolarizing direction by 0.3 microM-nifedipine and 4 mV by 10 mM-BDM. From these shifts a dissociation binding constant to inactivated Ca2+ channels for nifedipine was estimated as 78 nM, and for BDM, 5 mM. 5. At 10 microM Cd2+ produced a 43 +/- 6% (n = 3) block of the inward current at 0 mV when Ca2+ (7.5 mM) was the charge carrier (ICa), compared with the 36 +/- 3% block of IBa induced by 1 microM-Cd2+, consistent with the suggestion that Ca2+, Ba2+ and Cd2+ compete for the same binding site. In contrast, nifedipine (1 microM) and BDM (10 mM) blocked ICa more effectively than IBa. 6. Bay K 8644 (1.0 microM) increased Ca2+ channel currents two- to fourfold at all potentials due to a shift, of approximately 10 mV in the negative direction, of their activation curve and an equal shift in the positive direction of their inactivation curve. BDM (5-10 mM) could antagonize the action of Bay K 8644, shifting both curves back towards their control.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001464:Barium / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003931:Diacetyl / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D002104:Cadmium; C004717:diacetylmonoxime; D001464:Barium; C022571:adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate); D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D009543:Nifedipine; D003931:Diacetyl; D011188:Potassium