title: The general transcription factor RAP30 binds to RNA polymerase II and prevents it from binding nonspecifically to DNA.
abstract: RAP30/74 is a human general transcription factor that binds to RNA polymerase II and is required for initiation of transcription in vitro regardless of whether the promoter has a recognizable TATA box (Z. F. Burton, M. Killeen, M. Sopta, L. G. Ortolan, and J. F. Greenblatt, Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:1602-1613, 1988). Part of the amino acid sequence of RAP30, the small subunit of RAP30/74, has limited homology with part of Escherichia coli sigma 70 (M. Sopta, Z. F. Burton, and J. Greenblatt, Nature (London) 341:410-414, 1989). To determine which sigmalike activities of RAP30/74 could be attributed to RAP30, we purified human RAP30 and a RAP30-glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein that had been produced in E. coli. Bacterially produced RAP30 bound to RNA polymerase II in the absence of RAP74. Both partially purified natural RAP30/74 and recombinant RAP30 prevented RNA polymerase II from binding nonspecifically to DNA. In addition, nonspecific transcription by RNA polymerase II was greatly inhibited by RAP30-glutathione-S-transferase. DNA-bound RNA polymerase II could be removed from DNA by partially purified RAP30/74 but not by bacterially expressed RAP30. Thus, the ability of RAP30/74 to recruit RNA polymerase II to a promoter-bound preinitiation complex may be an indirect consequence of its ability to suppress nonspecific binding of RNA polymerase II to DNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Killeen
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Greenblatt
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D019473:Transcription Factors, TFII; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019473:Transcription Factors, TFII; D004247:DNA; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D012319:RNA Polymerase II; C056604:transcription factor TFIIF