title: Evidence for a hyperexcitability state of staggerer mutant mice macrophages.
abstract: We recently reported an abnormal production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in peripheral macrophages of several neurological mutant mice that exhibit patterns of neuronal degeneration, especially in the cerebellum. After in vitro activation by lipopolysaccharide acid (LPS), these macrophages hyperexpress IL-1 beta mRNA and hyperproduce IL-1 protein in comparison with +/+ controls. In the present study, focused on the staggerer mutant mice, we investigate if this genetic dysregulation is specific for IL-1 beta or if it reflects a generalized hyperexcitability of these macrophages. The hyperexpression of IL-1 beta mRNA in sg/sg macrophages is present whatever the duration of LPS stimulation, even for periods as short as 15 min, although it reaches a maximum after 4 h of stimulation. The hyperinducibility of sg/sg macrophages is observed even when very low doses of LPS are used (0.01 microgram/ml) and reaches its maximum for 5 micrograms/ml LPS. Synthetic molecules (muramyl dipeptides), such as N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine or murabutide, known as macrophage activators, are also efficient in revealing the cytokine hyperexpression in sg/sg macrophages. In addition, hyperexpression of two other cytokines, i.e., tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-1 alpha mRNAs, is also detected in LPS-stimulated macrophages of mutant mice. Finally, the effect of an inhibitor of protein synthesis, cycloheximide, is similar in +/+ and sg/sg macrophages. As a whole, these data lead us to conclude that the sg/sg macrophages are in a state of general hyperexcitability when compared with +/+ ones.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immunologie, URA1156, Institut Gustave Roussy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kopmels
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Delhaye-Bouchaud
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Audibert
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fradelizi
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Wollman
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008818:Mice, Neurologic Mutants / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; C033575:murabutide; D003513:Cycloheximide