title: EEG in children with spelling disabilities.
abstract: A total of 23 13-year-old boys with spelling disabilities and 21 matched controls were studied. EEG was recorded for visual and quantitative analysis, including FFT band powers and normalized slope descriptors (NSD). Visual analysis showed general excess of slow activity, as well as an excess of temporal slow wave activity in the index group. Quantitative analysis showed low alpha and beta powers, and low "activity" and high "complexity" (NSD) in parieto-occipital derivations in the index group. Quantitative EEG (qEEG) parameter ratios between temporal and parieto-occipital derivations were increased in the index group, implying a lack of spatial differentiation in these EEGs. In covariance analysis the qEEG parameter differences between the index group and controls were partly explained by the neurotic traits made evident in psychological tests. This implies that psychopathological artifacts should be considered in qEEG examinations of children with cognitive handicaps. Differences in anterior/posterior qEEG ratios were, however, little affected by any confounding factors. Thus these qEEG ratios seem potentially useful in clinical assessments of children with learning disabilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Byring
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Salmi
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Sainio
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Orn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology