title: Difficult supracondylar elbow fractures in children: analysis of percutaneous pinning technique.
abstract: After treatment with two lateral percutaneous pins, 80 children with grade II-III supracondylar elbow fractures were reviewed. The result was good in 55 patients (68%) and was the same for extension- and flexion-type injuries. These patients had less than 10 degrees change in carrying angle and less than 20 degrees total change in range of motion. This method eliminates risk of iatrogenic injury to the ulnar nerve but is technically very demanding. Redisplacement, joint penetration, and damage to the capitellar side of growth plate can be avoided only by positioning the pins divergently.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Hospital, University Central Hospital of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Kallio
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Paterson
mesh_terms: D001858:Bone Nails; D002648:Child; D004550:Elbow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008349:Manipulation, Orthopedic; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D000092464:Elbow Injuries