title: Activation of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1) gene transcription.
abstract: Leukocyte adherence to endothelium is in part mediated by the transient expression of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1) on endothelial surfaces stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin (IL) 1, or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The intracellular factors controlling induction of ELAM-1 mRNA and protein are unknown. In nuclear runoff experiments with cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), we demonstrate that transcriptional activation of the ELAM-1 gene occurs following stimulation with TNF. Sequence analysis of the 5' flanking region of the ELAM-1 gene reveals consensus DNA-binding sequences for two known transcription factors, NF-kappa B and AP-1. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that TNF, IL-1, or LPS (but not IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, interferon gamma, histamine, or transforming growth factor beta) induces activation of NF-kappa B-like DNA binding activity in HUVEC. In contrast, neither TNF, IL-1, nor LPS activates proteins that bind to an AP-1 consensus sequence under these experimental conditions. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a known activator of protein kinase C (PKC), weakly induces NF-kappa B-like activity, ELAM-1 mRNA, and ELAM-1 surface expression in HUVEC. However, TNF, IL-1, and LPS do not activate PKC in HUVEC at doses that strongly induce NF-kappa B-like protein activation and ELAM-1 gene expression. PKC blockade with H7 does not inhibit activation of these NF-kappa B-like proteins but does inhibit ELAM-1 gene transcription. We conclude that PKC-independent activation of NF-kappa B in HUVEC with TNF, IL-1, or LPS is associated with, but not sufficient for, activation of ELAM-1 gene transcription.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Osborn
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hession
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tizard
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goff
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vassallo
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Tarr
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bomsztyk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lobb
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Harlan
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019040:E-Selectin; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014471:Umbilical Veins
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D011493:Protein Kinase C