title: Evidence for dose-dependent positively and negatively reinforcing effects of the substance P C-terminal analog DIME-C7.
abstract: Possible positive reinforcing and aversive effects of intraperitoneally (ip) administered substance P (SP) and its C-terminal heptapeptide analog [pGlu5, MePhe8, Sar9]-SP5-11 (DIME-C7) were investigated in rats. The 'conditioned corral preference and avoidance procedure' was used for assessing positive and negative reinforcement. Behavioural testing was conducted in a circular open field consisting of four uniform quadrants equally preferred by the rats prior to drug treatment. On 3 consecutive days, rats received an ip injection of either SP (37 nmol/kg), DIME-C7 (3.7, 7.4, 37, 185 nmol/kg) or vehicle (0.01 M acetic acid in saline) and were placed immediately into their assigned treatment corral. During the test for conditioned corral preference and avoidance, when provided a choice between the four quadrants, rats treated with SP and with the equimolar dose of DIME-C7 (37 nmol/kg) spent significant more time in the drug-paired corral, indicative of positive reinforcing effects. The doses of 3.7 and 7.4 nmol/kg DIME-C7 did not influence the preference behaviour. The high dose of 185 nmol/kg DIME-C7 led to a significant decrease in time spent in the previously drug-paired corral, suggestive of aversive effects of the treatment. Gross locomotor activity was not influenced by either treatment. These results are discussed in the framework of a structure/activity relationship for the reinforcing properties of peripheraly applied SP.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiological Psychology I, University of Düsseldorf, FRG.
authors.forename: R U
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Hasenöhrl
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gerhardt
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Huston
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D013373:Substance P / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D013373:Substance P; C032720:substance P (5-11), pGlu(5)-MePhe(8)-MeGly(9)-; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid