title: Differential expression of novel Gs alpha signal transduction protein cDNA species.
abstract: The Gs alpha guanine nucleotide-binding signal transduction protein is part of a heterotrimeric complex that is involved in the stimulation of adenylate cyclase upon activation of membrane receptors. We report the characterization of 16 Gs alpha cDNA clones isolated from the human adult retina and fetal eye libraries. Molecular heterogeneity in the 5'-region defines four novel Gs alpha cDNA species which are generated either by alternate splicing or by using alternative promoter. The novel exons upstream of exon 2 interrupt the highly conserved 'region A' in the Gs alpha polypeptide. Non-AUG codons in the novel 5'-exon can initiate translation of these Gs alpha species in vitro. Reverse transcription of total RNA coupled with polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) using specific primers and in situ hybridization to mRNA in baboon tissue sections with a specific oligonucleotide probe show a high level of expression of these species in retina and brain but not in liver. Differential expression of alternatively spliced Gs alpha species suggests novel signal transducing pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor 48105.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Swaroop
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gruen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bick
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Weissman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics*; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010215:Papio / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012326:RNA Splicing / Q000502:physiology; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins