title: Purification and characterization of pig lung carbonyl reductase.
abstract: A pyrazole-sensitive carbonyl reductase from pig lung was purified to homogeneity by electrophoretic criteria. Chemical cross-linking study suggested that the native enzyme is a tetramer with a Mr of 103,000, consisting of apparent identical subunits of Mr 24,000. The enzyme reduced aliphatic and aromatic carbonyl compounds with NADPH as a preferable cofactor to NADH and catalyzed the oxidation of secondary alcohols and the aldehyde dismutation in the presence of NAD(P)+. Immunohistochemical study with the antibodies against the enzyme revealed that the enzyme was localized in the ciliated cells, nonciliated bronchiolar cells, Type II alveolar pneumocytes, and the epithelial cells of the ducts of the bronchial glands in the pig lung. In addition to the properties and distribution, the pig lung enzyme was immunochemically similar to the pulmonary enzymes in the guinea pig and mouse. However, the pig enzyme showed the following unusual features. (1) The enzyme exhibited an equatorial specificity in the reduction of 3-ketosteroids; the 4-pro-S hydrogen of NADPH was transferred to the carbonyl carbon atom of 5 alpha- and 5 beta-androstanes, and the respective reduced products were identified as 3 beta- and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroids. (2) Although the NADPH-linked reduction of carbonyl compounds apparently obeyed the Michaelis-Menten kinetics at pH 6.0, the double-reciprocal plots of the velocity vs concentrations of the carbonyl substrates were convex at pH higher than 6.5. The Hill coefficients and [S]0.5 values for the substrates decreased as the pH for reaction increased. The results suggest that the pig enzyme exhibits negative cooperativity with respect to the carbonyl substrates and that the hydrogen ion acts as an allosteric effector abolishing the negative interaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oritani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deyashiki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bunai
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ohya
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D000818:Animals; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009249:NADP; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; C000614209:AKR7A5 protein, mouse; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase