title: BAY K 8644 and nifedipine alter halothane but not caffeine contractures of malignant hyperthermic muscle fibers.
abstract: The purpose of these experiments was to determine if the Ca2+ agonist BAY K 8644 and the Ca2+ antagonist nifedipine alter the mechanical responses of malignant hyperthermia-susceptible (MHS) skeletal muscle to halothane and caffeine. Muscle fiber bundles were dissected from MHS porcine skeletal muscle and exposed to BAY K 8644 (10 microM), nifedipine (1 microM), low-Ca2+ media [Ca2+ replaced by 1 mM ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid], or diltiazem (30 microM) administered alone and with halothane (3%) or caffeine (0.5-0.8 mM). When administered alone, both halothane and BAY K 8644 evoked a significant change in resting tension (i.e., contracture) of 193.7 +/- 61.0 and 51.9 +/- 21.5 mN/cm2, respectively. When administered in combination, BAY K 8644 had no effect on the magnitude of the halothane contracture (195.2 +/- 58.6 mN/cm2) but reduced its onset time from 306.7 +/- 36.3 to 105.9 +/- 8.9 s. Nifedipine, low Ca2+, and diltiazem significantly reduced the halothane contracture (103.1 +/- 30.3, 123.1 +/- 20.6, and 112.6 +/- 16.2 mN/cm2, respectively) but had no effect on its onset time. In addition, low Ca2+ reduced the magnitude of the BAY K 8644 contracture (8.2 +/- 2.1 mN/cm2). BAY K 8644 also increased contractures induced by low caffeine concentrations (0.5-2.0 mM) but did not alter contractures induced by 4.0 and 8.0 mM caffeine, whereas nifedipine, low Ca2+, and diltiazem had no effect on these contractures. These results suggest that extracellular Ca2+ influx may have some influence on halothane but not on caffeine contractures of MHS skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McGrath
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008305:Malignant Hyperthermia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009132:Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D009543:Nifedipine; D002118:Calcium; D006221:Halothane