title: Lack of effect of granulocyte-macrophage and granulocyte colony-stimulating factors on cultured human endothelial cells.
abstract: The hematopoietic growth factors, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), enhance the effector functions of mature myeloid cells, including the interaction with vascular endothelium. We examined the direct effect of recombinant human GM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) and recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) on the growth and function of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Endothelial cell growth supplement (ECGS) increased the proliferation of passaged and primary cells by 305% +/- 45% (mean +/- SEM, n = 5, P less than .01) over control cells at 4 days; GM-CSF and G-CSF had no effect. Endothelial cell procoagulant activity was increased after 4-hour incubation with recombinant interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) 10 U/mL and recombinant tumor necrosis factor (TNF) 10 U/mL to 1,721% +/- 376% (n = 7, P less than .005) and 247% +/- 71% (n = 4) of control levels, respectively. gamma-Interferon (gamma-IFN) 50 U/mL had no direct effect of its own but was able to prime the response to IL-1 beta. There was no direct or priming effect of GM-CSF (1 ng to 1 microgram/mL) on the expression of procoagulant activity in endothelial cells. GM-CSF and G-CSF (1 ng/mL to 1 microgram/mL) had no effect on the expression of either tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) by endothelial cells. The secretion of tPA by endothelial cells was increased, however, after 24-hour incubation with thrombin 4 U/mL (314% +/- 72% of control levels, n = 5, P less than .025). The production of PAI-1 was increased by TNF 200 U/mL (241% +/- 44% of control, n = 3, P less than .005), thrombin 4 U/mL (180% +/- 12% of control, n = 5, P less than .0005) and IL-1 beta 10 U/mL (275% +/- 44% of controls, n = 5, P less than .0005). In four experiments, endothelial cells showed no specific binding of 125I-GM-CSF, whereas peripheral blood (PB) neutrophils demonstrated the presence of 802 +/- 78 high-affinity receptors for GM-CSF. Thus, we found no effect of rhGM-CSF or rhG-CSF on the proliferation activities by these cells. These findings are in accordance with the lack of demonstrable receptors for GM-CSF on cultured HUVEC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, England.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khwaja
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Linch
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000378:metabolism; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators / Q000378:metabolism; D016187:Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014471:Umbilical Veins
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators; D016187:Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D005169:Factor VIII; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator