title: Assessment of the efficacy, tolerance, and safety of ramipril in diabetic patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension: a retrospective analysis.
abstract: Six double-blind studies were designed to assess the efficacy, tolerance, and safety of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Of 1,189 hypertensive patients in these studies, 105 patients were diabetic. They were randomly assigned either to a ramipril monotherapy group (1.25-10 mg/day) or to one of the following treatment groups: ramipril (5 mg/day) plus piretanide (3 mg/day), captopril (100 mg/day), enalapril (10-20 mg/day), hydrochlorothiazide (50 mg/day), or atenolol (100 mg/day). In all studies, a 4-week single-blind placebo run-in phase was followed by a 6-week double-blind active treatment phase. Significant reductions in blood pressure were achieved with all antihypertensive agents. No statistically significant deleterious effects were observed on concentrations of blood glucose, although diabetics who received hydrochlorothiazide showed slight increases in blood glucose levels. Ramipril was well tolerated by diabetic patients, and no serious adverse events occurred. Adverse events reported were typical of ACE inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/Main, F.R.G.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Erhard
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Krall
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Breitstadt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001262:Atenolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D017257:Ramipril; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D001262:Atenolol; D017257:Ramipril