title: Efficacy of a cephapirin dry cow product for treatment of experimentally induced Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in heifers.
abstract: A dry cow product containing 300 mg of cephapirin benzathine was evaluated in pregnant and nonpregnant Jersey heifers for its effect on experimentally induced Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. Cephapirin was detectable in mammary secretion of nonpregnant heifers for up to 5 wk and in tissue for 1 wk after intramammary infusion. Staphylococcus aureus was not detectable in tissue and secretion of treated quarters at 1 and 3 wk but was not eliminated from two quarters of one heifer tested at 6 wk posttreatment. Histologic evaluation of mammary tissue from nonpregnant heifers revealed significant differences in leukocytosis between uninfected and S. aureus-infected quarters but no differences in epithelium, lumen, and stroma, indicating no difference in secretion potential or glandular development. Twenty-five pregnant Jersey heifers were experimentally infected in two quarters with S. aureus 12 to 14 wk prepartum. After 1 to 3 wk, 13 heifers were infused in 21 S. aureus-infected quarters with a commercial cephapirin dry cow product. Nine infected quarters were left untreated. All treated quarters were bacteriologically negative both at calving and through 2 mo after calving. Of the 9 infected quarters not treated prepartum, 1 spontaneously cured and 2 became non-functional. The remaining quarters were treated at calving with a commercial cephapirin lactating cow product. Of these, 3 cured and 3 failed to resolve.
authors.affiliation: Hill Farm Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Homer 71040.
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Nickerson
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Washburn
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002452:Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D002514:Cephapirin / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008892:Milk / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D002514:Cephapirin