title: Levels of copper in the urine of women from nonpolluted farming regions of Japan.
abstract: Nearly 1500 spot urine samples were collected in the winter of 1987-1988 from women of seven farming prefectures located throughout Japan. Samples were analyzed for copper by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. The copper content of the urine samples (Cu-U) distributed log-normally with a geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) of 36.9 (1.47) micrograms/l after adjustment for the specific gravity of urine of 1.016. The 95% confidence range was 17.1-79.7 micrograms/l. Neither alcohol consumption nor smoking habit affected the Cu-U. A literature survey showed that the observed level appears to be somewhat higher than previously reported values.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Iwami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakatsuka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003300:Copper / Q000652:urine*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008875:Middle Aged; D012424:Rural Population; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic
chemical_list: D003300:Copper