title: Irreversible modification of measles virus RNA in vitro by nuclear RNA-unwinding activity in human neuroblastoma cells.
abstract: The matrix (M) gene of a measles virus (MV) variant passaged in IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cells displays numerous uridine-to-cytosine transitions called biased hypermutation. Using an in vitro assay, we show that IMR-32 cells contain high levels of an activity which unwinds and irreversibly alters the base pairing of double-stranded RNA synthesized from the M gene of MV. This activity is found exclusively in the cellular nucleus and is present at a lower level in African green monkey kidney Vero cells. Experiments with mixed cell extracts suggest that the low activity in Vero cells is not due to inhibitory factors. These findings support the hypothesis that this RNA-modifying and -unwinding activity is responsible for biased hypermutation of MV strains that infect the central nervous system. Possible functions of this neural cell activity and implications for central nervous system disorders are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rataul
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008459:Measles virus / Q000235:genetics*; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D009474:Neurons / Q000382:microbiology*; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014709:Vero Cells; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins