Design and implementation of a new computerized system for intraoperative cardiac mapping.
A rapid, portable, yet inexpensive and expandable computer-based system utilizing current technology has been developed from experience in the operating room. An efficient operating system well suited for surgery is defined. New technology recording arrays fabricated from multielectrode flexible Kapton strips were developed and found to be easy to use and highly reliable. Novel arrays are created easily for research or special clinical applications. The system displays all incoming data in real time and transfers 16-s epochs to disk on command. After the user defines a beat for analysis, the computer determines the activation time for each channel, rejects unsatisfactory channels, and displays the results for review and modification before plotting the isochronal map on the monitor. The average time to recall data and produce a map is 16 s; if manual review of 120 channels is included, mapping time is less than 4 min. Clinical data recorded during surgery are discussed. The speed and operational ease demonstrated in the operating room make this computer/electrode system valuable both for surgery and for elucidating basic mechanisms of arrhythmias.
Pieper
C F
CF
Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030.
Parsons
D
D
Lawrie
G M
GM
Lacy
J
J
Roberts
R
R
Pacifico
A
A
D000465:Algorithms; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003201:Computers; D003626:Data Display; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004566:Electrodes; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D016276:Ventricular Function