title: An analysis of symptoms in patients with permanent ventricular pacemakers.
abstract: The prevalence and severity of symptoms of the "pacemaker syndrome" were investigated in 64 patients with VVI pacemakers and compared, in the same patients, to a series of control symptoms, unrelated to pacemaker function. Symptoms were also compared in patient groups unlikely to have the "pacemaker syndrome" (atrial fibrillation), most likely to have such symptoms (retrograde atrial activation) and in an intermediate group (competitive paced and sinus rhythms). There was a linear relationship between the frequency and severity of "pacemaker" symptoms and control questions in all groups and no preponderance of "pacemaker" symptoms in any group. The study provides an estimate of the number and severity of symptoms in patients with VVI pacemakers, demonstrates the non-specificity of the "pacemaker syndrome" and shows no evidence of a sub-clinical "pacemaker syndrome" in the patients observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Syracuse, N.Y.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Smulyan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mookherjee
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Taub
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Warner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires