title: A new model of focal brain ischemia based on the intracerebral injection of endothelin-1.
abstract: Endothelin-1 and its receptors are widely distributed in the brain of rodents and humans. In view of its potent and long-lasting vasoconstrictor activity, a role of endothelin-1 has been proposed in brain ischemia. In the present paper, the local injection of endothelin-1 was utilized to induce ischemia in rat striatum. An evaluation of the rostrocaudal extension of the lesion is reported. By using intracerebral microdialysis, a marked increase of lactate and dopamine, but not glutamate, was observed in this region upon endothelin-1 administration. Moreover, preliminary data reported show a protective effect of ganglioside treatment on endothelin-1 lesion of rat striatum. The characteristics of the present model of brain ischemia are discussed in comparison with well characterized models, such as the Pulsinelli's four vessel occlusion and the middle cerebral artery occlusion.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Fisiologia Umana, Università di Modena.
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Agnati
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zoli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurosawa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benfenati
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biagini
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hallstròm
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ungerstedt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toffano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fuxe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism; D003720:Densitometry; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D016232:Endothelins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000378:metabolism; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007267:Injections; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D016232:Endothelins; D005732:Gangliosides; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007773:Lactates; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D004298:Dopamine