title: Antineoplastic dolastatins: potent inhibitors of hematopoietic progenitor cells.
abstract: Dolastatins 10 and 15, isolated from the shell-less marine mollusk Dolabella auricularia, are potent antineoplastic agents with unknown myelotoxic effects in vivo. The goal of this study was to determine whether the dolastatins inhibit the proliferation of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. Assays to test inhibition of colony formation and of cell proliferation were performed in vitro with bone marrow cell preparations enriched for progenitor cells and with progenitor cell lines, respectively, using varying drug concentrations and exposure times. Dolastatins 10 and 15 both inhibited human and murine bone marrow cell colony formation in a concentration-dependent manner, with the concentration required for half maximal inhibition ranging from 0.1 to 1 pg/mL for dolastatin 10 and from 10 to 100 pg/mL for dolastatin 15. These concentrations are 25-fold to 100-fold lower than the concentration required for antineoplastic activity. Complete inhibition of human bone marrow cell colony formation was observed at concentrations of 10-100 pg/mL for dolastatin 10 and 1000-10,000 pg/mL for dolastatin 15. Committed progenitor cells and multipotential progenitor cells were similarly inhibited. The magnitude of inhibition of human hematopoietic cell colony formation was dependent on pre-exposure time to dolastatins 10 and 15, with a reversible effect up to 8 hours and with a 24-hour preincubation resulting in maximal (100%) and irreversible inhibition. Dolastatin 10 at a concentration of 10-100 pg/mL limited the proliferation of six human and four murine hematopoietic progenitor cell lines, as measured by tritiated thymidine incorporation, to between 34% and 83% of that occurring in the absence of the drug. These results indicate that the dolastatins are potent inhibitors of normal hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702-1201.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Ruscetti
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D047630:Depsipeptides; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047630:Depsipeptides; D007377:Interleukin-3; D009842:Oligopeptides; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C064570:dolastatin 10