title: Transforming growth factor-beta enhances the M-CSF and GM-CSF-stimulated proliferation of macrophages.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) has been shown to regulate the proliferation and function of several different cell types in the immune system. We have examined the effect of TGF-beta on the proliferation of murine macrophages in liquid culture. TGF-beta by itself did not induce proliferation of differentiated (7 days in culture) bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM). In the presence of M-CSF, TGF-beta enhanced the proliferation of differentiated BMM and elicited peritoneal macrophages but had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of nonadherent BMM (3 days in culture). The effect of TGF-beta was not restricted to M-CSF-dependent proliferation but was also observed for GM-CSF-dependent proliferation. The autocrine production of TGF-beta appeared to contribute to the proliferation of BMM. The addition of antibody against TGF-beta inhibited M-CSF- and GM-CSF-dependent proliferation 32% and 28%, respectively. In bone marrow, TGF-beta may be an important negative regulator of macrophage proliferation; whereas, in the tissues, TGF-beta may enhance macrophage proliferation.
authors.affiliation: La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, CA 92037.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celada
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Maki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004357:Drug Synergism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor