title: Treating sickle cell pain like cancer pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of a structured analgesic regimen on hospital use by patients with sickle cell disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intravenous and oral controlled-release morphine was used instead of intramuscular meperidine and short-acting oral opioids for the treatment of sickle cell pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Time series in which emergency and admission records for four 6-month periods before and two 6-month periods after the institution of the new analgesic protocol were reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inner-city university hospital providing care for adults with sickle cell disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients (an average of 50) who used the emergency department of the inpatient medical service for treatment of sickle cell crisis during the study periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of admissions for sickle cell pain decreased by 44%, total inpatient days by 57%, length of hospital stay by 23%, and the number of emergency department visits by 67% after initiation of the morphine protocol. Hospital use remained at these lower levels one year later. Similar declines were seen for a subset of 15 patients who had a history of frequent admissions for sickle cell pain and who used this hospital exclusively and accounted for more than half of the admissions for sickle cell disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A pain-control program modeled on regimens used to treat chronic cancer pain reduced hospital use by adult patients with sickle cell pain.
authors.affiliation: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brookoff
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Polomano
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D009020:Morphine