title: Treatment of glabellar frown lines with C. botulinum-A exotoxin.
abstract: Eighteen patients with glabellar frown lines were treated with C. botulinum-A exotoxin. Sixteen of the 17 patients followed showed improvement for periods ranging from 3 months to 11 months. Side-effects were minimal and transient. Because C. botulinum-A exotoxin therapy of glabellar frown lines treats the underlying cause of these lines, it is more effective than soft tissue augmentation although this improvement is temporary. Treatment with C. botulinum-A exotoxin is a simple, safe procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Opthalmology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Carruthers
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Carruthers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005149:Facial Expression; D005152:Facial Muscles; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015595:Skin Aging
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins