title: Psychological aspects of donor insemination: evaluation and follow-up of recipient couples.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the utility of psychological screening for couples entering a donor insemination program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each spouse completed questionnaires. A psychologist reviewed them and rated the psychological fitness of the couple for participation in the program. Follow-up questionnaires were sent to each couple at a mean of 11 months after entry into the program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Applicants for donor insemination were studied in an infertility program in a large, tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive applicants to enter the donor insemination program were required to participate in the initial evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Couples judged by the psychologist to be at risk for a poor psychological outcome had an assessment and counseling interview with the psychologist before proceeding with insemination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Initially, the Stress and Infertility Questionnaire measured specific anxieties related to donor insemination, marital and sexual impact, and attitudes about confidentiality; the Brief Symptom Inventory measured psychological distress; and the Dyadic Adjustment Inventory assessed marital satisfaction. At follow-up, 48% of couples returned a modified version of the Stress and Infertility Questionnaire and the other two questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The psychologist's rating was predictive of pregnancy rates (59% for excellent candidates, 41% for acceptable couples, and 14% for couples psychologically at risk). At-risk couples were more likely to drop out of the program (50% versus only 20% of other couples). Sexual problems were reported by 59% of women and 53% of men. Couples believed that a child should not be told of the donor insemination (74% of wives and 80% of husbands). Initially, 64% of wives and 70% of husbands chose total secrecy with families or friends, and these attitudes shifted little over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This screening procedure is cost-effective and suggests that psychological intervention should be attempted with at-risk couples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195-5041.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Schover
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Richards
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007316:Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D011247:Pregnancy; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires