title: Performance of cryopreserved pre-embryos obtained in in vitro fertilization cycles with or without a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the viability and potential for pregnancy of cryopreserved/thawed pre-embryos obtained after ovarian stimulation using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) adjunct therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective clinical evaluation of all patients receiving a gonadotropin ovarian stimulation protocol (follicle-stimulating hormone/human menopausal gonadotropin [FSH/hMG]) with/without GnRH-a.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic tertiary clinical care unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients receiving leuprolide acetate (LA)/FSH/hMG (n = 136: LA in the luteal phase; long protocol) were compared with patients receiving FSH/hMG alone (n = 130) within the same time-frame in our program (April 1987 through October 1989).
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients had both a cycle in which pre-embryos were transferred fresh and a cycle of thaw of cryopreserved pre-embryos (frozen at the pronuclear stage in a slow freeze-thaw protocol using 1,2 propanediol) transferred in monitored natural cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Groups were similar in age, etiology of infertility, and cycle day 3 serum FSH levels; a significantly higher (P less than 0.001) number of preovulatory oocytes was recovered in the GnRH-a group. Both groups of patients were transferred an equal number of pre-embryos at the time of IVF. Cycles with frozen/thawed pre-embryos were evaluated based on the analysis of the three main variables that demonstrate cryopreservation efficiency: survival rate, implantation rate, and term pregnancy rate (PR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Non-GnRH-a group (113 transfers): pre-embryo survival, 71.5%; PR/transfer, 24.7%; implantation rate, 16.0%; GnRH-a group (125 transfers): pre-embryo survival 71.6%; PR/transfer, 32.8%; implantation rate, 12.0% (no significant differences).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of GnRH-a produced pre-embryos of equal aptitude for development after cryopreservation at the pronuclear stage when compared with a similar gonadotropin stimulation treatment without GnRH-a.
authors.affiliation: Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Norfolk 23507.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oehninger
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Toner
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Veeck
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Brzyski
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Muasher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001755:Blastocyst; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008596:Menotropins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D011247:Pregnancy; D017329:Triptorelin Pamoate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D017329:Triptorelin Pamoate; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; C019176:Tryptal; D008596:Menotropins; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone