title: Effects of acetate dialysate on transforming growth factor beta 1, interleukin, and beta 2-microglobulin plasma levels.
abstract: To evaluate potential adverse effects of acetate use in hemodialysis (HD), we measured plasma interleukin (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6), TNF alpha, TGF beta 1, and beta 2-microglobulin levels with ELISA assays in normal (N = 9), CRF (N = 6), CAPD (N = 7) and HD (N = 8) subjects and compared the effects of acetate (Ac) and acetate-free (Ac-free) dialysate. TGF beta 1 was the only cytokine consistently detected. Compared to normals (median 57, range 53 to 68 pg/ml, one undetected; N = 8), TGF beta 1 was higher in the CRF (75, 70 to 97 pg/ml, one undetected) and CAPD (75.5, 66 to 116 pg/ml, N = 6) groups (P less than 0.05), and was somewhat higher in the HD (68, 52 to 88 pg/ml) group (P less than 0.10). Acutely, TGF beta 1 pre-HD (70, 63 to 88 pg/ml) increased above normals post AcHD [79.5, 65 to 140 pg/ml uncorrected for ultrafiltration (UF)] and was higher after AcHD versus Ac-free HD both uncorrected (79.5, 65 to 140 pg/ml vs. 70, 52 to 86 pg/ml) and corrected for UF (68, 51 to 115 pg/ml vs. 57, 43 to 69 pg/ml; P less than 0.05). beta 2-microglobulin was not different after AcHD (81.2 +/- 8.0 mg/ml) versus Ac-free HD (72.5 +/- 6.9 mg/ml). Significantly lower serum inorganic phosphorus was also found four hours post-AcHD compared to four hours post-Ac-free HD (0.87 mmol +/- 0.10 SEM vs. 1.05 mmol +/- 0.07 SEM; P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Briefel
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Yun
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D019342:Acetic Acid