title: Fate and microbiological effects of furazolidone in a marine aquaculture sediment.
abstract: Furazolidone is used in the treatment of bacterial diseases in farmed fish. During application a large proportion of the administered drug reaches the environment directly or via feces. The persistence and metabolism of furazolidone in sediment from a Norwegian salmon farm is described. Furazolidone, in contrast to oxytetracycline and oxolinic acid, is actively metabolized by microorganisms in the sediment. The main metabolite is 3-(4-cyano-2-oxobutylidene-amino)-2-oxazolidone. This is a well known metabolite of the degradation of furazolidone in mammals, fish and Escherichia coli. 3-(4-Cyano-2-oxobutylideneamino)-2- oxazolidone had no detectable antibacterial activity. The half-life of furazolidone in the sediment at 4 degrees C was calculated to be 18 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: O B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Samuelsen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Solheim
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Lunestad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005664:Furazolidone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006207:Half-Life; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012474:Salmon; D012623:Seawater; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D005664:Furazolidone