title: Physiological assessment of the passive children's hood.
abstract: The physiological effect of the "passive children's hood" (PCH) was studied in 24 children: 8 toddlers (3-4.5 years old), 8 pre-school pupils (4.5-6 years) and 8 first- and second-grade pupils (6-8 years). This device consists of a children's gas mask and a transparent PVC (polyvinyl chloride plastic) covering (hood). Inspiratory CO2 and O2 (FiCO2 and FiO2, respectively), temperature and humidity were monitored at 10-min intervals while the children were occupied with sedentary activities (playing and watching TV) in a sealed room. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were approximately 27 degrees C and 75% respectively. In the PCH space the temperature was 2 degrees C higher and humidity was near saturation at the end of exposure. FiCO2 in 12 children exceeded 2%, which is the upper acceptable limit according to industrial standards. In four of them FiCO2 was greater than 4% and FiO2 less than 16%. Twenty-two children tolerated the PCH for 92 +/- 35 min (range 24-133 min) with no physiological complications. A significant correlation was found between childrens' age and tolerance time (r = 0.47, P less than 0.025). We conclude that children whose masks are not well adjusted may be exposed to rebreathing CO2-enriched air.
authors.affiliation: Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel-Hashomer.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arad
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Royburt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Berkenstadt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alpert
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shemer
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001944:Breath Tests; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002618:Chemical Warfare; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D012134:Respiratory Protective Devices / Q000592:standards*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen