title: [Cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS: successful long-term prophylaxis with fluconazole].
abstract: A 30-year-old, HIV-positive, man who had been repeatedly treated with amphotericin B for oral thrush, developed headaches, fever up to 38.5 degrees C, dizzy spells with falling tendency, as well as disorder of speech and word finding. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contained 5700/3 cells, of which 90% were encapsulated yeast-fungus. Cryptococcal antigen titres were elevated both in serum (1:256) and CSF (1:1024), providing the diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis. Intravenous treatment was started with amphotericin B, 0.3 mg/kg daily and flucytosine, 150 mg/kg daily. The clinical, microbiological and serological findings regressed after 4 weeks. After 8 weeks the creatinine concentration rose to 2.5 mg/dl. Because amphotericin B nephrotoxicity was suspected, further intravenous administration was stopped after a cumulative dosage of 2 g. He was placed on a prophylactic dosage of fluconazole, 100 mg by mouth twice daily. The cryptococcal antigen titre had fallen to normal within one year. The prophylactic regimen has been continued now for three years without recurrence or other fungal infection.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Innere Medizin I, Medizinische Universitätsklinik Tübingen.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Glück
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wiedmann
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003454:Cryptococcus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016919:Meningitis, Cryptococcal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D015215:Zidovudine; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D005437:Flucytosine
vernacular_title: Kryptokokkenmeningitis bei AIDS: erfolgreiche Langzeitprophylaxe durch Fluconazol.