title: Two novel Streptomyces protein protease inhibitors. Purification, activity, cloning, and expression.
abstract: In contrast to the Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptomyces lack a mucopolysaccharide cell wall which allows them to produce and secrete a variety of proteins directly into their environment. In an effort to understand and eventually exploit the synthesis and secretion of proteins by Streptomyces, we identified and characterized two naturally occurring abundantly produced proteins in culture supernatants of Streptomyces lividans and Streptomyces longisporus. We purified these 10-kDa proteins and obtained partial amino acid sequence information which was then used to design oligonucleotide probes in order to clone their genes. Analysis of the sequence data indicated that these proteins were related to each other and to several other previously characterized Streptomyces protein protease inhibitors. We demonstrate that both proteins are protein protease inhibitors with specificity for trypsin-like enzymes. The presumptive signal peptidase cleavage sites and subsequent aminopeptidase products of each protein are characterized. Finally, we show that the cloned genes contain all of the information necessary to direct synthesis and secretion of the proteins by Streptomyces spp. or Escherichia coli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Macromolecular Sciences, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19046.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Strickler
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Berka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gorniak
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fornwald
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Keys
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000235:genetics*; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; C072838:Streptomyces trypsin inhibitor 1 protein, Streptomyces; C072839:STI2 protein, Streptomyces