title: Anxiogenic effects of m-CPP in patients with panic disorder: comparison to caffeine's anxiogenic effects.
abstract: The behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP), a serotonergic agonist, were compared with the effects of caffeine, an adenosine antagonist, in panic disorder patients. Patients with panic disorder were given single oral doses of 0.5 mg/kg m-CPP, 480 mg caffeine, and placebo on separate days under double-blind conditions. Both m-CPP and caffeine had significantly greater anxiogenic and panic-inducing effects than placebo, although caffeine produced nonsignificantly greater increases on all anxiety rating scales than m-CPP. Both m-CPP and caffeine produced significant equivalent increases in plasma cortisol concentrations, but only m-CPP produced plasma prolactin increases. These findings provide further evidence implicating both the serotonergic and adenosinergic receptor systems in the neurobiology of panic disorder.
authors.affiliation: Section of Anxiety and Affective Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zohar
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Geraci
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Uhde
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D002110:Caffeine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D010879:Piperazines; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D012701:Serotonin; D002110:Caffeine; D011388:Prolactin; C015068:1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine; D006854:Hydrocortisone