title: Structure and expression of mouse germline immunoglobulin gamma 3 heavy chain transcripts induced by the mitogen lipopolysaccharide.
abstract: Germline immunoglobulin heavy chain gene transcription is though to direct isotype switching by modulating the accessibility of specific switch regions to a recombinase. In this study, cloned cDNA copies of mouse germline Igh-8 RNAs have been used to characterize the Igh-8 transcription unit. The 5' end of these transcripts are derived from an exon denoted Ig3, located 1 kilobase 5' of the Igh-8 switch region. Sequence analysis of cDNA and genomic clones reveals that these RNAs are noncoding. In splenic B cell cultures treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), germline Igh-8 transcript levels are upregulated after 8 h due to increased transcription. This induction is consistent with the identification of a putative binding site for the LPS inducible transcription factor NF-kappa B approximately 150 nucleotides upstream of the sites of transcript initiation. Furthermore, nucleotide sequence comparisons reveal that the region encompassing the site of germline Igh-8 transcription initiation is highly homologous to part of the Ig2b exon, and is also conserved upstream of the Igh-1 switch region. The implications of these findings for the control of germline Igh-8 transcription is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gerondakis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaff
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Grumont
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015347:RNA Probes; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D015347:RNA Probes