title: The reversibility of tributyltin-induced toxicity in vitro as a function of concentration and duration of exposure (C x T).
abstract: The toxicity exhibited by murine erythroleukemic cells (MELC) exposed to tributyltin (TBT) is a function of both concentration (C) and duration of exposure (T). At or above a critical C x T product value (CPV) (e.g., 0.5-1.0 microM TBT, 6 hr), exposed MELC exhibit severe, irreversible toxicity: decreased membrane integrity (viability, measured by propidium iodide [PI] exclusion), grossly perturbed cell-cycle distributions, and fixation of the plasma membrane/cytoplasm complex. Below the CPV, exposed cells exhibit retention of carboxyfluorescein (CF) fluorescence (indicative of decreased plasma membrane permeability) and decreased cell proliferation, a result of retardation of progression into, through, and out of the S (DNA synthetic) phase of the cell cycle. However, following washout and recovery, mean CF fluorescence, cell proliferative capacity, and cell-cycle kinetics return to control levels. These results suggest that the toxic changes induced by TBT exposure may be reversible if exposure conditions do not exceed the CPV. To assess whether the CPV has been exceeded, a multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of membrane integrity and cell-cycle kinetics is useful.
authors.affiliation: ManTech Environmental Technology, Incorporated, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Zucker
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Massaro
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Elstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds; C011559:tributyltin