Poliomyelitis control by annual immunization campaigns with oral polio-virus vaccine in a rural area of India.
The effectiveness of Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) delivered in annual immunization campaigns in reducing the prevalence of poliomyelitis was evaluated in January 1989 by conducting a sample survey in 66 villages in Northern India with a population of 42,000. The prevalence of residual paralytic poliomyelitis was 13.4 per 1,000 children born during 1974-1978; this is 2.7 times higher than the rate of 5.0 per 1,000 born in 1979-1983 and 9.6 times higher than the rate of 1.4 per 1,000 born during 1984-1988. The marked decline in disease prevalence in recent years may be related to the rise in OPV immunization. The vaccination rate was less than 26% before 1978, 38-75% during 1979-1983 and 77-89% during 1984-1987. The annual immunization strategy can be used to control poliomyelitis in developing countries where the health care infrastructure is not well developed.
Kumar
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Department of Community Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Kumar
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D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003906:Developing Countries; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012423:Rural Health
D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated