title: The effect of dietary energy percentage of fat and its P/S ratio on incorporation of n-3 PUFA and leukotriene production during fish oil supplementation in healthy volunteers.
abstract: The effect of low (25 per cent of energy) and high (35 per cent of energy) fat diets with either low (less than 0.4) or high (greater than 1.0) polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid (P/S) ratios on fatty acid compositions of plasma cholesterol esters and neutrophil phospholipids, and leukotriene production was studied in four groups of healthy volunteers supplemented with 6 g fish oil daily for four weeks. Except for three subjects, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) content markedly increased from baseline in the plasma cholesterol ester fraction and to a lesser extent in the neutrophil phospholipid fraction. The increase in the plasma cholesterol ester fraction was inversely, though weakly related to the dietary intake of linoleic acid (18:2n-6). At supplementation endpoints, the 20:5n-3/20:4n-6 ratio in both plasma cholesterol esters and neutrophil phospholipids was highest in the groups consuming diets with low P/S ratio. In vitro leukotriene B5 production by neutrophils, did not differ between groups and there was no consistent suppression of LTB4 production in this four-week study. It is suggested that factors other than the actual dietary 18:2n-6 intake additionally influence the accumulation of 20:5n-3 in tissue during dietary fish oil supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tulleken
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Limburg
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Muskiet
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kazemier
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Boomgaardt
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: van Rijswijk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D015289:Leukotrienes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000737:chemistry; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D015289:Leukotrienes; D010743:Phospholipids