title: Neuromuscular disorders of the larynx.
abstract: The voice may be affected adversely by a variety of neuromuscular disorders, including movement disorders, paralysis, and degenerative conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system. The diagnosis of these conditions usually requires high-technology tools, and the results of treatment are variable. Diagnostic considerations, aspects of a complete neurologic examination, an examination of the basic organization of neural control as it relates to the larynx, and treatment options are provided in this article.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hanson
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology