title: HIV infection and risk behaviors among intravenous drug users in low seroprevalence areas in the Midwest.
abstract: We studied behavioral factors that place intravenous drug users at risk for the acquisition and transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a sample of 855 individuals not in drug treatment, living in central and southwestern Ohio. The HIV seropositivity rate for the sample was 1.5%. Three factors were significantly related to HIV infection: homeless shelter residence (odds ratio [OR] = 7.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.0-20.0), travel to northeastern HIV hyperendemic areas (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 1.8-15.4), and recent male homosexual or bisexual behavior (OR = 11.2, 95% CI = 2.9-43.9).
authors.affiliation: Wright State University, School of Medicine, Substance Abuse Intervention Program, Dayton, Ohio 45401.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Siegal
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Falck
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Forney
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rapp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D015497:HIV-1; D015438:Health Behavior; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006716:Homosexuality / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D014195:Travel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014505:Urban Population