title: Antihypertensive and metabolic effects of single and combined atenolol regimens.
abstract: The antihypertensive and metabolic effects of placebo (PL), a fixed combination of hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg) and triamterene (50 mg) (HCTZ/TRI), atenolol (25 mg) (Atc-25), atenolol (50 mg) (Ate-50) and their combination with HCTZ/TRI given once daily, were tested on 256 patients with mild-to-moderate essential-hypertension. After 3 weeks of PL monotherapy, 43 patients were randomized to PL (group 1), 41 patients to HCTZ/TRI (group 2), 44 patients to Ate-25 (group 3), 42 patients to Ate-50 (group 4), 43 patients to Ate-25/HCTZ/TRI (group 5), and 43 patients to Ate-50/HCTZ/TRI (group 6) in a double-blind parallel design study and were followed for 4 weeks. At the end of week 7, those patients who were randomized to groups 5 and 6 were allowed to continue for an additional 12 weeks, if their arterial pressure was satisfactorily controlled. Complete blood counts, blood chemistries, urinalyses, and electrocardiograms were done initially and during the study. Monotherapy with HCTZ/TRI, Ate-25, and Ate-50 had significant and equal antihypertensive effects compared with placebo. (P less than .01). However, the combination of Ate-25/HCTZ/TRI and Ate-50/HCTZ/TRI resulted in further reduction of arterial pressure with the effect being greatest with Ate-50/HCTZ/TRI (P less than .001). Patient groups 3 through 6 had also slower heart rates compared with groups 1 and 2 (P less than .01). Mild, but statistically significant, increases in BUN, glucose, triglycerides, and uric acid were noted in groups 2, 5, and 6 (P less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Oklahoma Cardiovascular and Hypertension Center, The University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City 73132.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Chrysant
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chappel
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Farnham
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lueg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McCluskey
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Steiner
mesh_terms: D001262:Atenolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014223:Triamterene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D001262:Atenolol; D014223:Triamterene