title: [Fetal echocardiography. II. Normal and pathological anatomy in real-time ultrasonography].
abstract: The paper is a practical approach to fetal echocardiography using real-time ultrasound. The normal sonoanatomy of the fetal heart is presented for the non-cardiologist. The basic cross-sectional views are explained as well as the systematic analysis of the different fetal heart structures. The main heart malformations are reviewed with a description of their appearance in prenatal real-time-ultrasound illustrated by some figures. The examination of the fetal heart could be easy learned, but the assessment and the differentiation of congenital heart defects are only possible by a systematic approach, experience and patience. The examination of the fetal heart should be therefore involved in the screening-ultrasound performed by the prenatal sonographer and suspicious findings has to be referred to a perinatal center.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Pränatale Medizin, Universitäts-Frauenklinik der Charité, Berlin, Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chaoui
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bollmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Göldner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bartel
mesh_terms: D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*
vernacular_title: Fetale Echokardiographie. Teil II. Normale und pathologische Anatomie im Real-Time-Ultraschall.