title: Differential reduction of plasma cholesterol by the American Heart Association Phase 3 Diet in moderately hypercholesterolemic, premenopausal women with different body mass indexes.
abstract: The ability of a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet to improve the risk-factor profiles of moderately hypercholesterolemic, premenopausal women was evaluated. Nineteen women were fed a typical American diet for 1 mo, after which a low-fat diet consisting of 21% of total energy (en%) as fat, 59 en% carbohydrates, 19 en% protein, and 96 mg cholesterol/d (P:S 1.8) was given. After 5 months, total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was decreased by 7% and 11%, respectively, and total triglycerides increased by approximately 30%. High-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was decreased by 12% at month 2 and 5% at month 5 (P less than 0.05). Although HDL2 cholesterol decreased progressively throughout the diet period to -35% by month 5, HDL3 cholesterol, which decreased to -5% at month 1, increased to +7% by month 5. Of the plasma apolipoproteins only apo A-II was altered (+15%) by the diet. Body mass index correlated to baseline values and affected response to diet; only the leanest women had significant decreases in total, LDL, and HDL2 cholesterol in response to the low-fat diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis.
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schmeisser
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Prewitt
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aye
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Langenberg
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Dolecek
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Brace
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamath
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001053:Apolipoproteins; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol