title: Ten-day repeated-exposure inhalation study of dimethylformamide (DMF) in cynomolgus monkeys.
abstract: Cynomolgus monkeys showed no measurable adverse effects following inhalation of 500 ppm dimethylformamide (DMF), 6 h/d, 5 d/wk, for 2 weeks either when exposed whole-body or head-only (one monkey per exposure route). Measurement of DMF concentrations into and out of the head-only exposure unit along with measurement of the tidal volume suggest that DMF absorption by the respiratory tract is approximately 100% at a concentration of 500 ppm. Plasma samples taken 1/2 to 18 h after the first exposure show DMF AUC values which were 3 times higher in the monkey exposed by whole-body, indicating considerable absorption by non-inhalation route(s). The same comparison of plasma samples taken following the final (10th) exposure similarly had a 6-times DMF AUC value for the monkey exposed by whole-body. From this study it is apparent that the practice of avoiding dermal contact with DMF is important in reducing the likelihood of producing DMF-induced injury in the workplace.
authors.affiliation: Du Pont, Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, Newark, DE 19714.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hurtt
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: McCooey
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Placke
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D001273:Atmosphere Exposure Chambers; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005559:Formamides / Q000378:metabolism; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005559:Formamides; D004126:Dimethylformamide; C002950:methylformamide