title: Diabetes support groups improve health care of older diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether knowledge or psychosocial and glycemic benefits of a diabetes education program are enhanced by a support group for older patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A partially randomized controlled trial involving two groups of patients: Group A, subjects who received an education program followed by 18 months of support group sessions; Group B, only the diabetes education program. A third convenience sample, Group C, received neither intervention. Groups A and B were assessed before and immediately after the education program, and all groups were assessed 2 years after the education program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes clinic at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects were male (mean age = 68 +/- 1.3 years, range = 57-82 years; duration of diabetes = 10 +/- 2 years, range 3-16). Sample sizes were 11 in Group A, 13 in Group B, and 8 in Group C.
  
  
  METHODS
  The education program consisted of six weekly sessions covering aspects of diabetes self-care. The support group consisted of 18 monthly sessions for continuing education, discussion, and structured social activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes knowledge, psychosocial factors (self-care-related quality of life, stress, family involvement in care, and social involvement), depression, and glycemic control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group A scored better (at least P less than 0.05) on knowledge, quality of life, and depression than the other groups. Groups A and B showed less stress, greater family involvement, better glycemic control, but less involvement in social activities than Group C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes education programs can have long term benefits on knowledge, psychosocial functioning, and glycemic control for older diabetic patients. The addition of support groups enhances diabetes knowledge and psychosocial functioning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Chicago Medical School, IL 60064.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gilden
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hendryx
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clar
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casia
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011788:Quality of Life; D012657:Self-Help Groups
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin