title: Chiari malformation type I in a child with velopharyngeal insufficiency.
abstract: A five-year-old girl was referred for chronic and stable velopharyngeal insufficiency. Pharyngoplasty was performed, without significant improvement, and further neurological investigation was undertaken. Clinical examination and electromyography led to a suspicion of denervation of the IX, X and XI cranial nerves. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a type 1 Chiari malformation.
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine de Rééducation, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Gerard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dugas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Narcy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hertz-Pannier
mesh_terms: D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology