title: A gender difference in the association between salt sensitivity and family history of hypertension.
abstract: We examined 174 subjects (82 men and 92 women) with essential hypertension to determine whether gender played an important role in the association of blood pressure (BP) familial disposition, and hypertension. To evaluate the salt sensitivity of BP, we measured changes in blood pressure after restricting salt intake from about 15 g/day to less than 3 g/day. The familial disposition to hypertension was categorized into four groups according to the presence or absence of hypertension in the father, mother, and siblings. If none, one, two, or three family members had hypertension, they were assigned the FH(-), FH(+), FH(++), and FH( ) groups, respectively. Only in women did the FH(-) group show a significantly smaller blood pressure reduction than that of the other groups. The mean BP reduction in the four groups was 4.1 +/- 1.9, 8.5 +/- 1.1, 10.1 +/- 1.5, and 11.2 +/- 2.8 mm Hg (mean +/- SEM), respectively. This difference in BP reduction was not observed in men. Multiple regression analysis, using percent changes in mean BP as the dependent variable and other factors as independent variables, also showed a significant partial correlation coefficient for familial disposition to hypertension only in women. Thus, the relationship between salt sensitivity and familial disposition to hypertension differed according to gender. This difference may provide an important insight into the hereditary nature of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imanishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ashida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride