title: The spectrum of vocal dysfunction.
abstract: Levels of vocal use, types of vocal complaints, and the spectrum of vocal dysfunction are discussed in this article. Functional voice disorders account for 40% and organic conditions for 60% of patients presenting with voice disorders. Twelve percent of the patients are children.
authors.affiliation: Center for Voice Disorders, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Koufman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Isaacson
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology