title: Conformational changes in the metal-binding sites of cardiac troponin C induced by calcium binding.
abstract: Isotope labeling of recombinant normal cardiac troponin C (cTnC3) with 15N-enriched amino acids and multidimensional NMR were used to assign the downfield-shifted amide protons of Gly residues at position 6 in Ca(2+)-binding loops II, III, and IV, as well as tightly hydrogen-bonded amides within the short antiparallel beta-sheets between pairs of Ca(2+)-binding loops. The amide protons of Gly70, Gly110, and Gly146 were found to be shifted significantly downfield from the remaining amide proton resonances in Ca(2+)-saturated cTnC3. No downfield-shifted Gly resonance was observed from the naturally inactive site I. Comparison of downfield-shifted amide protons in the Ca(2+)-saturated forms of cTnC3 and CBM-IIA, a mutant having Asp65 replaced by Ala, demonstrated that Gly70 is hydrogen bonded to the carboxylate side chain of Asp65. Thus, the hydrogen bond between Gly and Asp in positions 6 and 1, respectively, of the Ca(2+)-binding loop appears crucial for maintaining the integrity of the helix-loop-helix Ca(2+)-binding sites. In the apo- form of cTnC3, only Gly70 was found to be shifted significantly downfield with respect to the remaining amide proton resonances. Thus, even in the absence of Ca2+ at binding site II, the amide proton of Gly70 is strongly hydrogen bonded to the side-chain carboxylate of Asp65. The amide protons of Ile112 and Ile148 in the C-terminal domain and Ile36 in the N-terminal domain data-sheets exhibit chemical shifts consistent with hydrogen-bond formation between the pair of Ca(2+)-binding loops in each domain of Ca(2+)-saturated cTnC3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77225.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Krudy
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Putkey
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Rosevear
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003460:Crystallization; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014336:Troponin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019209:Troponin C
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014336:Troponin; D019209:Troponin C; D002118:Calcium