title: Human urine stimulates growth of Leishmania in vitro.
abstract: Enhancement of trypanosomatid metacyclogenesis by insect urine components led us to test the effect of human urine as a culture additive. The addition of 1-5% urine to Schneider's Drosophila medium containing 10% foetal calf serum enhanced the growth of 11 Leishmania strains representing 8 different taxonomic groups. Cell division was stimulated in cultures with non-dividing organisms. Peak cell density was increased, as was the efficiency with which L. donovani could be isolated from infected hamsters. Preliminary work suggested that the modified medium would be useful for field isolation of L. donovani and L. braziliensis. The active nutrients or growth factors are not known.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Parasitology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pharoah
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ashall
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Miles
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003470:Culture Media; D006801:Humans; D007891:Leishmania / Q000254:growth & development*; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000254:growth & development; D014556:Urine
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media