title: Irradiation of human dental tissues with CO2-, Nd:YAG-, and CO2-Nd:YAG combination laser.
abstract: Extracted third molars were used to study the effect of Nd:YAG laser irradiation combined with CO2 laser beam on dental hard tissues. The specimens were studied with SEM after lasing and the size of the impact areas and beam penetration into enamel and dentin were planimetrically analyzed. High-energy CO2 laser (e.g. 10 s irradiation with 10 W output energy) penetrated all enamel and dentin. The simultaneous addition of Nd:YAG irradiation to the CO2 beam was found to increase the effect of CO2 laser, while Nd:YAG irradiation alone, used with equivalent energy densities, did not cause any effect on enamel surface. Thus, Nd:YAG laser was found to potentiate statistically significantly the effect of CO2 irradiation, but the morphologic alterations on dental hard tissues, such as crater formation at the beam focus site, appeared to be due to CO2 irradiation alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rauhamaa-Mäkinen
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Meurman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luomanen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Torkko
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Viherkoski
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paunio
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003461:Crystallography; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003804:Dentin / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004735:Energy Transfer; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008964:Molar, Third; D009354:Neodymium; D013997:Time Factors; D015019:Yttrium
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009354:Neodymium; D015019:Yttrium