title: Experimental studies in transmission ultrasound computed tomography.
abstract: The reconstruction of the speed-of-sound distribution within a target can be achieved by CT techniques from measurements on transmitted ultrasonic pulses. The mathematical relationship between speed-of-sound imaging and the conventional CT situation is explained. An experimental system, which has been developed to investigate speed-of-imaging and other forms of in-vivo ultrasound CT, is described, along with the techniques used for data acquisition and image reconstruction. These include measurement of pulse time-of-flight by the threshold or cross-correlation methods. Techniques for reducing artifacts in speed-of-sound images are also described, such as median filtering and modified Shepp-Logan filtering. These techniques have been used to obtain high quality speed-of-sound images of various phantoms. Images of tissue in-vitro have been less satisfactory, because of refraction and attenuation effects. Ways of overcoming these difficulties in an improved system are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Physics Department, Newcastle General Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jago
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Whittingham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000295:instrumentation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008961:Models, Structural; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*