title: Clinical investigations of halothane and isoflurane for induction and maintenance of foal anesthesia.
abstract: Fifty-eight foals were divided into two groups for study of aspects of the clinical anesthetic management of foals and to characterize effects of halothane (n = 30) and isoflurane (n = 28) in foals. There were no significant differences (P greater than 0.05) in the demographics of the two groups. Results of hemograms and biochemical analysis of venous blood samples before and after anesthesia were either not influenced or only mildly (clinically unimportant) affected by either agent. Like adult horses, foals have an increased PaCO2 when anesthetized with inhaled anesthetics. We could detect no difference in the magnitude of increase in PaCO2 with either anesthetic. Anesthetic induction and recovery was most rapid with isoflurane. The quality of induction and recovery was similarly acceptable with either agent. Heart rate during isoflurane was not significantly different from conscious conditions but during halothane, heart rate was significantly less than control except at 91-120 min when statistical significance was not detected. These results support the clinical impression that foals can be safely and reliably anesthetized with either agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Steffey
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Willits
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wheat
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Meagher
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pascoe
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dunlop
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D007530:Isoflurane; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D007530:Isoflurane; D006221:Halothane