title: Relation of physical education to self-concept.
abstract: This study investigated the relation of an elementary school program in physical education to the self-concepts of children in Grades 1 to 4. Two parochial schools were selected, one with a physical education program (n = 126 children) and one without such a program (n = 86 children). The Martinek-Zaichkowsky Self-concept Scale was administered during the first two weeks of September and again during the last two weeks of April. A 2 (pre-posttest) x 2 (group) x 4 (grade) analysis of variance with repeated measures on the first factor was used to analyze each measure, with post hoc tests to follow up. The self-concept results indicated that physical education did not enhance the self-concepts of children, except for those children in the second grade.
authors.affiliation: University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68588-0229.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Petrakis
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bahls
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010553:Personality Development; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D012649:Self Concept