title: A simplified technique for freezing human sperm for AIH: cryosyringe/floating platform of liquid nitrogen vapor.
abstract: A cryosyringe and floating platform were developed to simplify the procedures for human sperm cryopreservation without sacrificing post-thaw sperm quality. The cryosyringe was developed as a vessel for cryopreservation and as a device for post-thaw insemination. A platform-like polystyrene foam board 3-cm in height was floated on the surface of liquid nitrogen in a polystyrene foam freezing container. The cryosyringe containing sperm/KS-II medium mixture was placed on it for 5 min, then it was dropped into the liquid nitrogen. Freezing velocity was -27 degrees C/min. Poor quality semen specimens (40 +/- 14 x 10(6)/ml, 18 +/- 2.6% motility, n = 9) were concentrated (87 +/- 46 x 10(6)/nl, 29 +/- 9.1%) previously and then cryopreserved in the cryosyringe or in a commercial tuberculin syringe under the conditions established in the present study. The post-thaw sperm motility of the specimens in the cryosyringe (18 +/- 7.4%) was significantly superior (p less than 0.05) to that in the commercial tuberculin syringe (13 +/- 5.3% motility).
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nozawa
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007315:Insemination, Artificial; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D013594:Syringes
chemical_list: D009584:Nitrogen