title: Metabolic changes in blood and liver of dairy cows during either feed restriction or administration of 1,3-butanediol.
abstract: Previous research has shown that a combination of feed restriction and dietary 1,3-butanediol starting at 14 d post-partum resulted in fatty liver and ketosis. Sixteen multiparous Holstein cows were used to determine effects of feed restriction or 1,3-butanediol as separate treatments. Treatments during d 14 to 42 postpartum were 1) control (ad libitum intake), 2) 20% feed restriction, or 3) control plus dietary 1,3-butanediol (5.5% of DM). From d 43 to 56, cows assigned to treatments 2 and 3 received a combination of feed restriction and butanediol. One cow on treatment 2 developed ketosis, but not fatty liver, after only 4 d of feed restriction. No other cows developed fatty liver or ketosis. Both treatments decreased milk production compared with controls. Feed restriction increased the extent of negative energy balance and caused transient increases in concentrations of NEFA, acetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate in plasma. Concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate and insulin in plasma were increased by butanediol, which is a potent ketone body precursor. Concentration of glycogen in liver was less in feed-restricted cows, whereas glycogen and total lipid were greater in cows given butanediol separately. Gluconeogenic capacity of liver slices was not different among groups. Addition of 1,3-butanediol to in vitro incubation media decreased oxidation of propionate to CO2. Neither feed restriction nor dietary 1,3-butanediol as separate treatments induced the fatty liver and ketosis observed in earlier experiments in which the two treatments were given together.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Drackley
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Veenhuizen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D002072:Butylene Glycols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004435:Eating; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007662:Ketosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D007774:Lactation; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008892:Milk / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002072:Butylene Glycols; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; C028491:1,3-butylene glycol