title: Application of cell culture toxicity tests to the development of implantable biosensors.
abstract: Cell culture toxicity testing methods were modified and applied to the development of implantable glucose microsensors, and positive and negative control materials suitable for the microsensor assessment were established. The location, source and degree of the toxic effect in a multi-component biosensor was spatially visualized with cell monolayers. A freshly prepared sensor showed moderate toxicity, mainly as a result of the presence of glutaraldehyde and the residual solvents in the polymer layers. However, it was possible to reduce the toxicity by removing the leachable toxic substances through extraction in phosphate buffer, and a non-toxic sensor was readily obtained.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bindra
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Barrau
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D004867:Equipment Design; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005976:Glutaral; D011108:Polymers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers; D000362:Agar; D005947:Glucose; D005976:Glutaral