title: Studies on the control of plague in the western United States: laboratory trials of six insecticide dust formulations applied to soil for the control of the plague vector Oropsylla montana (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae).
abstract: In this study, six insecticide dust formulations were laboratory-tested in soil mixtures ranging in concentration from 40 to 1,280 parts per million (ppm) against a proven vector of bubonic plague, Oropsylla montana (Baker). Pulicidal effects of the six insecticides, which included three organophosphates, two carbamates, and a pyrethroid, were compared by LD(50) values at both ambient and 75% RH. Permethrin (Pyraperm 455 dust), a pyrethroid with a LD(50) less than 40 ppm, demonstrated the most effective pulicidal action for the 13-wk trial period, followed in order by chlorpyrifos, bendiocarb, propetamphos, diazinon, and carbaryl.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Fort Collins, Colorado 80522.
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Maupin
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Beard
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hinkson
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Craven
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007300:Insect Control; D007303:Insect Vectors; D007306:Insecticides; D010930:Plague / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005423:Siphonaptera; D012987:Soil; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D012987:Soil