title: HIV seroconversion and disinfection of injection equipment among intravenous drug users, Baltimore, Maryland.
abstract: To examine the putative protective effect of disinfectant use on HIV seroconversion among intravenous drug users, we conducted a nested case-control study comparing 22 black heterosexual HIV seroconverters with 95 persistent seronegatives matched on gender, use of cocaine, date of study entry, and duration of follow-up. For intravenous drug users who reported using disinfectant all the time, the odds of seroconversion was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.25-2.38) compared with those who reported no use of disinfectants; for those who used disinfectants some of the time, the corresponding odds ratio was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.26-3.31). The odds ratio for use of disinfectant all the time was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.10-3.91) for those injecting at galleries and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.35-3.11) for those not injecting at galleries. These data suggest a limited protective effect of disinfectant use in the field which may be more beneficial to those injecting in shooting galleries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vlahov
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Celentano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cohn
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chilcoat
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015142:Baltimore; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004203:Disinfection; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D016485:Needle Sharing; D009339:Needles; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous