title: Reversible control of oestradiol-stimulated growth of MCF-7 tumours by tamoxifen in the athymic mouse.
abstract: We investigated the ability of high concentrations of oestradiol to reverse the growth inhibitory action of tamoxifen on MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vivo. Tamoxifen inhibits the oestradiol stimulated growth of MCF-7 cells in athymic mice. Using a sustained release preparation of tamoxifen we consistently achieved serum concentrations of the drug in the 40 to 50 ng ml-1 range and much higher levels in tissues. These serum levels are sufficient to inhibit the oestrogen stimulated growth of MCF-7 tumours exposed to physiologic (i.e. 300-600 pg ml-1 serum oestradiol concentrations). However, by administering dosages that increase serum oestradiol concentrations to 900-2000 pg ml-1, mimicking the increase often observed clinically in premenopausal women taking tamoxifen, we show that the growth inhibitory action of tamoxifen can be partially reversed. Serum tamoxifen levels were elevated to nearly 400 ng ml-1 by injecting 1 mg day-1 tamoxifen (IP 3 x weekly); this dosage was more effective at inhibiting oestradiol stimulated tumour growth than subcutaneous tamoxifen capsules alone. Our data suggest that at low serum levels tamoxifen may not act optimally. There may be a need to monitor tamoxifen levels in premenopausal patients to ensure that they are high enough not to be overcome by a tamoxifen induced increase in ovarian steroidogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison 53792.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iino
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Langan-Fahey
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ricchio
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Jordan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004343:Drug Implants; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D013629:Tamoxifen; D004958:Estradiol