title: Performance and ruminal function development of young calves fed diets with Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract.
abstract: Neonatal Holstein heifer (n = 72) and bull (n = 40) calves were used to study the effects of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract (Amaferm) on their performance and on rumen development. The starter diets were formulated to achieve Amaferm consumption of 0, .5, 1, or 3 g per calf daily. Calves were fed milk daily and allowed to consume starter and a mixture of alfalfa and bromegrass hay ad libitum. Weaning was when calves consumed 550 g of starter on 2 consecutive d. Weight gain and feed consumption were recorded weekly. Forty of the heifer calves, 10 from each treatment, were selected randomly to study the effects of Amaferm on ruminal fermentative development. Ruminal fluid samples were collected for pH, ruminal fermentation products, and for bacterial enumerations. Overall, Amaferm-supplemented calves were weaned 1 wk earlier than unsupplemented calves. They had higher total VFA, propionate, and acetate concentrations in the rumen than unsupplemented calves. Total anaerobic, hemicellulolytic, and pectinolytic bacterial counts were higher; cellulolytic bacterial counts tended to be higher for the Amaferm-supplemented calves than for controls. In general, Amaferm-supplemented calves had greater ruminal microbial activity than those not fed Amaferm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-1600.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Beharka
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Nagaraja
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Morrill
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D001236:Aspergillus oryzae / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D014886:Weaning; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile