title: Blood pressure and renal blood flow responses to dietary calcium and sodium intake in humans.
abstract: This study was designed to determine the interaction between salt and calcium intake on blood pressure (BP) and renal blood flow (RBF) in a predominantly white population. We measured BP and RBF (P-aminohippurate [PAH] clearance) in hypertensive patients after 7 days on a low salt/low calcium diet and again after either a high salt/high calcium diet (HS/HC) or a high salt/low calcium (HS/LC) diet for another 7 days. Compared to low salt BP, both high salt diets increased BP, but the increase with high salt/low calcium was significantly greater than with high salt/high calcium (+14.6 +/- 3.9/+8.2 +/- 1.7 mm Hg v +7.5 +/- 1.9/+2.5 +/- 1.4 mm Hg; systolic/diastolic, both P less than or equal to .05). PAH clearance increased 26 +/- 13 mL/min/1.73 m2 on the HS/HC diet but only 10 +/- 17 mL/min/1.73 m2 on HS/LC (P = .05 between groups). These data suggest that a low calcium diet may contribute to the phenomenon of salt sensitivity in a white population. The low calcium intake appears to affect both the systemic and renal vasculature.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology/Hypertension Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McCullough
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olmedo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malarick
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary