Comparison of toxicities of acellular pertussis vaccine with whole cell pertussis vaccine in experimental animals.
There is no suitable animal model for pertussis encephalopathy in humans. In this study, we have compared the toxicity of acellular pertussis vaccine with whole cell pertussis vaccine in mice or guinea pigs. Two lots of acellular and two lots of whole cell vaccine produced in different countries were assayed in the test. 1. There was no statistical difference in mouse protective potency between these acellular or whole cell pertussis vaccines. 2. There were no differences in chemical ingredients between acellular and whole cell pertussis vaccines except for protein nitrogen content. The protein nitrogen content of whole cell vaccine was at least three times higher than that of the acellular product. 3. Anti-PT antibody productivity of the acellular vaccine was higher than that of the whole cell vaccine. 4. Anti-agglutinogen antibody productivity of the whole cell vaccine was higher than that of the acellular vaccine. 5. There was no pyrogenic activity with the acellular vaccine, but high pyrogenicity was seen with whole cell vaccine. 6. There was high body-weight decreasing toxicity in mice and guinea pigs by the whole cell vaccine. 7. The mice died when they received whole cell pertussis vaccine iv, but no deaths occurred in the mice which received acellular pertussis vaccine.
Sato
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Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Sato
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D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D001921:Brain; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000032:analysis; D006632:Histamine / Q000276:immunology; D007267:Injections; D008218:Lymphocytosis / Q000209:etiology; D051379:Mice; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D011749:Pyrogens / Q000633:toxicity; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000032:analysis
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine; D011749:Pyrogens; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; C065273:filamentous hemagglutinin adhesin, Bordetella pertussis; D006632:Histamine