title: Enteric MRI contrast agents: comparative study of five potential agents in humans.
abstract: We compared the effectiveness of 1 mM Geritol, 12% corn oil emulsion, Kaolin-pectin, single contrast oral barium sulfate, and effervescent granules as enteric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Five volunteers were recruited. Each volunteer ingested for examinations, separated by at least one week, either 500 ml of each of the liquid preparations or two packets of the CO2 granules (producing 400 ml of CO2 per packet). Abdominal MR images were then obtained using a 1.5 T Magnetom imager and SE 550/22, SE 2000/45/90 and FISP 40/18/40 degrees pulse sequences. The oil emulsions were best tolerated. Barium sulfate caused the greatest amount of nausea, followed by Geritol and Kaolin-pectin. With FISP 40/18/40 degrees, 60%-80% of the small bowel was well delineated using oil emulsion, Kaolin-pectin, or barium sulfate. We conclude that oil emulsion was by far the best enteric MR contrast agent in our study. Good delineation of the small bowel and pancreas can be achieved using oil emulsion and gradient echo pulse sequences. The lack of side-effects and the excellent taste make it highly acceptable to human subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Tart
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Storm
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Rolfes
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Ang
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D001466:Barium Sulfate / Q000009:adverse effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D003106:Colon / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000009:adverse effects; D003672:Defecation / Q000187:drug effects; D004655:Emulsions; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D007422:Intestines / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007616:Kaolin / Q000009:adverse effects; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology; D010179:Pancreas / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010368:Pectins / Q000009:adverse effects; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D013649:Taste; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D004655:Emulsions; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D007616:Kaolin; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D003314:Corn Oil; D010368:Pectins; C013531:ferric ammonium citrate