title: The effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on the induction of lymphokine-activated killer cells in vitro.
abstract: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was added to a culture of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in vitro to elucidate its effect on the induction of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. Viable cell counts of cultured cells and their cytotoxic effects against natural killer (NK) cell-resistant Daudi cells and NK cell-sensitive K562 cells were measured using the trypan blue dye exclusion test and a 51Cr release assay from the tumor cells, respectively. Although GM-CSF alone did not influence either the cytotoxicities or the surface phenotypes of the cultured cells, the viable cell counts were significantly increased by the addition of GM-CSF in the presence of IL-2 (P less than 0.01). These findings indicate that the addition of GM-CSF in the presence of IL-2 during the induction of LAK cells is useful for obtaining a larger number of effector cells which possess substantial cytotoxic activity.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaga
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niho
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015979:Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor