title: Lithium clearance in patients with chronic renal failure.
abstract: Lithium clearance (CLi) was studied in the healthy subjects (H) and in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) with a mean GFR of 36.08 +/- 3.8 ml/min x 1.73 m2 in order to evaluate (1) the variability of CLi measurements; (2) the changes of CLi during the hyperfiltration response to a meat meal (2 g/kg b.w. of protein), and (3) the effects on CLi of different protein intakes. CLi correlated with GFR and with urinary sodium, FeLi correlated with FeNa in H and CRF. The intraindividual standard deviation (IISD) of GRF, CLi and FeLi assessed in triplicate studies in the course of a single experiment averaged 4.70, 7.15 and 10.69% in CRF and 1.77, 4.09 and 4.61% in H. When IISD for GFR, CLi, and FeLi was assessed in triplicate measurements in the course of 3 studies performed at 1-week intervals (day 1, day 8, day 15), it averaged 7.36, 9.21 and 15.72% in CRF and 1.83, 5.08 and 5% in H. During the hyperfiltration response to a meat meal, CLi and FeLi did not change in CRF and increased significantly in H. In 10 patients with CRF who were switched for 3 weeks from a protein intake of 0.85 g/kg to a protein intake of 0.60 g/kg, GFR was significantly (p less than 0.001) reduced by 29%, while CLi was stable. The data indicate that because of its variability, CLi is of little use in experiments designed to study subtle changes in renal Na transport.
authors.affiliation: First and Second Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: DeSanto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anastasio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coscarella
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Capasso
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santangelo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bellini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spagnuolo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alfieri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lombardi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008094:Lithium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D008094:Lithium; D012964:Sodium