title: Anaerobic growth and cyanide synthesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa depend on anr, a regulatory gene homologous with fnr of Escherichia coli.
abstract: Anaerobic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on nitrate or arginine requires the anr gene, which codes for a positive control element (ANR) capable of functionally complementing an fnr mutation in Escherichia coli. The anr gene was sequenced; it showed 51% identity with the fnr gene at the amino acid sequence level. Four cysteine residues known to be essential in the FNR protein are conserved in ANR. The anr gene product (deduced Mr 27,129) was visualized by the maxicell method and migrated like a 32 kDa protein in gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. An anr mutant of P. aeruginosa constructed by gene replacement was defective in nitrate respiration, arginine deiminase activity, and hydrogen cyanide biosynthesis, underscoring the diverse metabolic functions of ANR during oxygen limitation. Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas syringae, and Pseudomonas mendocina all had a functional analogue of ANR, indicating that similar anaerobic control mechanisms exist in these bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Mikrobiologisches Institut, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reimmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galimand
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Haas
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D003486:Cyanides / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005809:Genes, Regulator / Q000235:genetics; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003486:Cyanides; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C060704:FNR protein, E coli; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C072908:ANR protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D006867:Hydrolases; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; C019723:arginine deiminase