title: Impedance plethysmography in human limbs. Part 1. On electrodes and electrode geometry.
abstract: Electrode design and electrode positioning are important factors in blood flow measurements using impedance plethysmography. Optimal electrode type and accurate positioning will decrease measurement errors and improve the signal-to-noise-ratio. Disk electrodes were found to be superior to tape electrodes because of their better skin-electrode stability and because they prevent limb compression. The distance between current electrodes and potential electrodes should be greater than 2.3 R (disk electrodes) and 1.5 R (tape electrodes) to avoid the influence of the so-called diffusion resistance (R is the radius of the limb at the electrode site).
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Okayama University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Oberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004566:Electrodes; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D010992:Plethysmography, Impedance / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow