title: High lead content of deciduous teeth in chronic renal failure.
abstract: Lead is suspected to contribute to the progression of kidney disease. Lead content of blood and deciduous teeth was determined in 22 children aged 5-14 years at different stages of chronic renal failure (CRF). In addition, individual lead exposure was estimated from histories. The results were compared with a control group of 20 siblings or neighbours of patients living in the same environment (C1), and to a group of children known to be free of excessive lead exposure (C2). The mean blood lead concentration of patients was normal (mean 2.9 micrograms/dl, range 1.1.-10.1). Mean dental lead content was 2.8, 1.7 and 1.4 micrograms/g in CRF, C1 and C2, respectively. It always exceeded that of healthy peers. Increased dental lead content was associated with a high risk of exposure. It is suggested that both an increased lead uptake and renal dysfunction may contribute to the increased lead burden in children with CRF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schärer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Veits
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brockhaus
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ewers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007854:Lead