title: Simplified and less expensive confirmatory HIV testing.
abstract: The conventional approach to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody testing, which relies on confirmation of all initially positive screening results using a Western blot assay, is expensive. In an alternative approach, we retested sera that were positive in an initial screening assay using a second screening assay, which differed from the first, and limited the use of Western blot to those sera that gave discrepant results in the two screening assays. This resulted in 100% sensitivity and specificity at a cost that was, on average, 6.1 times less than that of the conventional approach. This level of sensitivity and specificity was also achieved at a cost that was 9.0 times less than the conventional approach if the Western blot was replaced by a third screening assay that differed from the previous two. Retesting positive sera using the same assay did not increase the accuracy of the results obtained by testing the sera only once.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van der Groen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Van Kerckhoven
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vercauteren
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piot
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D000465:Algorithms; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006801:Humans; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity