title: The meaning of the development of flomoxef and clinical experience in Japan.
abstract: Flomoxef is a fourth generation cephem which has the same activity against gram-negative bacteria as the third generation cephems, but is also active against gram-positive organisms, especially most methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). As flomoxef induces the smallest amount of PBP-2' among all cephems, it is hoped that this will be the cephem that is able to control the increase of MRSA. High plasma levels in proportion to dosage are seen with flomoxef, the transfer to various body fluids and tissue is good, and the half-life in the plasma is about 50 min. Most of the compound is excreted in the urine in the unchanged form, that is 85% in 6 h. Clinical trials in 2,494 cases with various infections showed an excellent to good response in 77.1%, and an antibacterial effect of 80 to 100%. The efficacy rate against MRSA was 83.3%. The type and incidence of side effects was common to those of other injectable cephems, and no spermatogenic or hematological side effects were observed.
authors.affiliation: Product Development Department, Shionogi & Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishigami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; C045693:flomoxef