title: Novel oxidative pathways of sulphapyridine and sulphadiazine by the turtle Pseudemys scripta elegans.
abstract: The sulphonamides sulphapyridine and sulphadiazine show novel hydroxy metabolites in the turtle Pseudemys scripta elegans. In the excreta of the turtles the monohydroxy metabolites 4-hydroxy- and 5-hydroxysulphapyridine and the dihydroxy metabolite 4,5-dihydroxysulphapyridine were detected. Of sulphadiazine only dihydroxy metabolites 4,5- and 4,6-dihydroxysulphadiazine were detected. About 70-90% of the dose of sulphapyridine was recovered, while this figure varied between 48 and 69% for sulphadiazine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Academic Hospital Nijmegen Sint Radboud, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Vree
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Vree
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Beneken Kolmer
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Hekster
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013411:Sulfadiazine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013427:Sulfapyridine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014426:Turtles / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013411:Sulfadiazine; D013427:Sulfapyridine