title: Elective mutism: origins in stranger anxiety and selective attention.
abstract: Through a focus on the events of early infancy, the author interprets elective mutism on the basis of the infant's responses to discrepancies from expected stimuli. Initially, the child's silence derives from a "freezing" of action when exposed to perceived danger. Subsequently, aberrant or fearful stimuli are minimized by the child's apparent unresponsiveness. Through identification with the parent, the child imbues elective mutism with information value as a pause to signal impending communication. Mutism later represents an identification that is displaced from the parent to "stranger" adults.
authors.affiliation: Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Wilford Hall United States Air Force Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas 78236-5300.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Shreeve
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009155:Mutism / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D009633:Nonverbal Communication; D010553:Personality Development; D010989:Play Therapy; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012931:Social Environment