title: Analysis of bismuth in serum and blood by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using platinum as matrix modifier.
abstract: Bismuth-containing medicines have been used for years, but there is a lack of clinically applicable methods for measuring bismuth in body fluids. We describe a sensitive, accurate and precise method for analysis of bismuth in blood and serum, which is suitable both for monitoring purposes and for further investigations into the biokinetics and safety of bismuth. Bismuth was quantitated with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman background correction. In the furnace programme a cool-down step was introduced and platinum was used as a matrix modifier. Recovery for 40 micrograms/l is 93.7 +/- 4.6% (mean +/- SD) from serum and 92.8 +/- 5.4% from blood; within-day precision (n = 10) at 40 micrograms/l is 3.2% for serum and 4.2% for blood. Day-to-day precision at 40 micrograms/l (n = 10) was 4.5% for serum and 4.0% for blood. The detection limit is 0.7 microgram/l for serum and 1.0 microgram/l for blood. Blood samples have to be collected in glass tubes and stored at -20 degrees C.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Laboratory, University Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Slikkerveer
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Helmich
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Edelbroek
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: van der Voet
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: de Wolff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001729:Bismuth / Q000097:blood*; D001793:Blood Preservation; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010984:Platinum; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010984:Platinum; D001729:Bismuth