title: Long-term cultured adult human keratinocytes secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor but not interleukin-3 after cytokine exposure in vitro.
abstract: To investigate the secretion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and of interleukin-3 (IL-3) by human keratinocytes in vitro, adult human keratinocytes (aHKc) from 3 different donors and a spontaneously transformed keratinocytic line (HaCaT) were cultured and exposed to various cytokines and to the protein kinase C-activating agent phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). GM-CSF and IL-3 were measured by highly specific and sensitive immunoassays. Our findings showed that long-term cultured aHKc and HaCaT cells are capable of secreting GM-CSF but not IL-3 upon cytokine and PMA stimulation. Both interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, which are known to be present in human epidermis, particularly during cutaneous inflammatory processes, were found to stimulate GM-CSF release. Therefore, we conclude that increased GM-CSF levels may play an important role in the interactions between epidermal keratinocytes and blood cells in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Steglitz, Free University of Berlin, FRG.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Owsianowski
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonnekoh
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Orfanos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007377:Interleukin-3; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate