Prevalence of nephrotoxicosis associated with a short-term saline solution diuresis protocol for the administration of cisplatin to dogs with malignant tumors: 61 cases (1987-1989).
The study reported here was undertaken to determine the nephrotoxicosis associated with the administration of cisplatin, an antineoplastic agent, to dogs when administered during 6-hour saline solution diuresis. Cisplatin (70 mg/m2 of body surface, IV, every 21 days) was given to 61 dogs with malignant neoplasia with a total of 185 doses in 1 (n = 9 dogs), 2 (n = 26 dogs), 3 (n = 4 dogs), 4 (n = 9 dogs), 5 (n = 2 dogs), and 6 (n = 11 dogs) treatments. The cisplatin was given over a 20-minute period after 0.9% NaCl solution (saline solution) was administered IV for 4 hours at a rate of 18.3 ml/kg of body weight/h. After the cisplatin infusion, saline solution diuresis was continued at the same rate for 2 hours. Before each treatment with cisplatin, dogs were evaluated with at least a physical examination, CBC, determination of serum urea nitrogen concentration, and in most cases, determination of serum creatinine concentration and urine specific gravity. Four of the 61 dogs (6.6%) developed clinically evident renal disease after 2 (1 dog), 3 (2 dogs), and 4 (1 dog) doses of cisplatin were administered. Three of the 4 dogs had preexisting disease of the urinary tract prior to the start of treatment. The survival time in dogs that developed renal disease (median, 145 days; range, 15 to 150 days) was similar to that of all dogs in this study (median, 154 days; range, 30 to 500 days), with 13 dogs still alive at the conclusion of the study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ogilvie
G K
GK
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
Straw
R C
RC
Powers
B E
BE
Cooper
M F
MF
Withrow
S J
SJ
D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004231:Diuresis; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013046:Specific Gravity; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
D003404:Creatinine; D002945:Cisplatin