title: Synthesis of 13C-labeled chenodeoxycholic, hyodeoxycholic, and ursodeoxycholic acids for the study of bile acid metabolism in liver disease.
abstract: In order to study the glycosidic conjugation of chenodeoxycholic, hyodeoxycholic, and ursodeoxycholic acids in patients with cholestasis after oral administration of pharmacological amounts of the respective bile acids avoiding the application of radioactive tracers we synthesized [24-13C]chenodeoxycholic, [24-13C]hyodeoxycholic, and [24-13C]ursodeoxycholic acids. The reaction intermediates of the bile acid syntheses were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. Purity was confirmed using thin-layer chromatography as well as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The 13C atom excess of approximately 90% of the synthesized bile acids was the same as the 13C atom excess of the sodium [13C]cyanide used for the labeling reaction confirming the successful synthesis. After oral administration of 0.5 g of [24-13C]ursodeoxycholic acid to a healthy volunteer, 13C label was detected in the nonamidated and glycine- or taurine conjugated glucosides and the N-acetylglucosaminide of ursodeoxycholic acid in urine. This establishes ursodeoxycholic acid as the first bile acid so far known to undergo both of the recently described glycosidic conjugation reactions in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III, Aachen University of Technology, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matern
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Marschall
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schill
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sjövall
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matern
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002635:Chenodeoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid; D002635:Chenodeoxycholic Acid; D014580:Ursodeoxycholic Acid; C010471:hyodeoxycholic acid