title: [Nursing and its changes in the preparation of psychiatric patients for non-institutional care in the residential home ward at Oulunsuu Hospital in 1977-1988].
abstract: The purpose of the study was to describe nursing and its changes in the residential home ward of Oulunsuu Hospital in 1977-1988 from a cultural viewpoint. The aim was to find out new information about the nature of nursing. The principal approach was the 'ethnonursing method' based on the ethnographic research tradition. The data was collected by interviewing the twenty patients and eleven members of the staff who had been in the residential home ward in 1977-1988. The four stages in the development of the ward were: formation, reformation, fragmentation and clarification. The values on which the nursing was based moved towards more individual ones in the course of the process. Man was seen as an acting, communicating subject at first and later as a rationally acting subject capable of learning. The aim of nursing shifted from that of "helping the patients to get out of the hospital" to that of recognizing the symptoms of a disease and the problems of living with it. The nursing first emphasized working, collective activities and spontaneous social interaction, later also guidance in practical skills and teaching in small groups. Finally, nursing was interpreted as a multidimensional system of assistance and support, including the finding of meaningful pastimes and the teaching of the skills needed for independent life.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikkonen
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D015400:Clinical Nursing Research; D003688:Deinstitutionalization; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000451:nursing*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000639:trends; D012112:Residential Facilities
vernacular_title: Hoitaminen ja sen muuttuminen psykiatristen potilaiden avohoitoon valmennuksessa Oulunsuun sairaalan asuntolavalmennusosastolla 1977-1988.