title: Precipitation and 13C-NMR relaxation enhancement measurements of the interactions of bile acids with synthetic cationic bile acid derivatives, and with spin labelled fatty acids.
abstract: In an investigation of novel potential bile acid sequestrants, the affinities of the sodium salts of the glycine and taurine conjugates of naturally occurring bile acids (cholate, deoxycholate, chenodeoxycholate and lithocholate) for several cationic ammonium bile acid derivatives have been investigated by measurements of the extent to which the derivatives are able to precipitate the bile acids. This is roughly proportional to the lipophilicity of the interacting species. Thus, amino and ammonium derivatives of cholic acid do not precipitate taurocholate or glycocholate to any great extent, whereas ammonium derivatives of deoxycholate and lithocholate are much more effective. To complement the precipitation measurements, high resolution 13C-NMR has been applied to investigate the weaker interactions between the ammonium cholate derivative and glycocholate, glycodeoxycholate and glycochenodeoxycholate. Addition of either of the latter two bile acids to the cationic ammonium compound results in considerable broadening of the 13C resonances of both species, indicating the formation of relatively rigid structures. In addition, we have used T2 relaxation enhancement induced by spin-labelled fatty acids to examine the mechanism of interaction with bile acids of amphiphilic anions, which might compete with bile acids for sites on bile acid sequestrants. Low concentrations of 16-DOXY L-Stearate dramatically broaden the 13C-NMR resonances of deoxycholate carbons 19, 18 and 7 in particular, while 5-DOXY L-Stearate exerts much less specific effects. These results have been incorporated into a snapshot model of bile acid-fatty acid interactions.
authors.affiliation: Analytical Sciences Department, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Welwyn, Herts, U.K.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gajjar
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Leeson
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Whittaker
mesh_terms: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000737:chemistry*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002412:Cations; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008956:Models, Chemical; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002412:Cations; D005227:Fatty Acids; D013113:Spin Labels; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid