title: Heavy-charged-particle radiosurgery of the pituitary gland: clinical results of 840 patients.
abstract: Since 1954, 840 patients have been treated at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory with stereotactic charged-particle radiosurgery of the pituitary gland. The initial 30 patients were treated with proton beams; the subsequent 810 patients were treated with helium ion beams. In the great majority of the 475 patients treated for pituitary tumors, marked and sustained biochemical and clinical improvement was observed. Variable degrees of hypopituitarism developed in about one-third of patients treated solely with radiosurgery. In the earlier years of the program, 365 patients underwent radiosurgery to treat selected systemic diseases by inducing hypopituitarism. Focal temporal lobe necrosis and cranial nerve injury occurred in about 1% of patients who were treated with doses less than 230 Gy.
authors.affiliation: Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Fabrikant
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Frankel
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lyman
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tobias
mesh_terms: D000172:Acromegaly / Q000601:surgery; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D003480:Cushing Syndrome / Q000601:surgery; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D009347:Nelson Syndrome / Q000601:surgery; D010315:Particle Accelerators; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D011832:Radiation Injuries; D016634:Radiosurgery; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques
chemical_list: D011388:Prolactin