title: Genotoxicity of acrylic bone cements.
abstract: The genotoxicity of conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and a new formulation of bone cement: methylmethacrylate/n-decylmethacrylate/isobornylmethacrylate (MMA/DMA/IBMA) were tested by micronucleus test and reverse mutation assays of Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test). In extracts from cement pellets (37 degrees, 72 hr) with water and water/ethanol the concentration of MMA was reduced by 13-19 times with the new formulation and the concentrations of accelerators were reduced by 4-5 times. New chemical constituents (DMA, IBMA, dihydroxy-propyl-p-toluidine) were found in negligible concentrations. In the micronucleus test all three cement brands were found non-mutagenic and in the Ames test scattered increased revertant ratios were found without differences between the three brands. The new formulation does not possess any increased risk of genotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics U, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sylvest
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trap
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000633:toxicity*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000633:toxicity*; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000187:drug effects; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D008689:Methacrylates; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; C073735:methylmethacrylate-n-decylmethacrylate-isobornylmethacrylate; D020366:Methylmethacrylate