title: A study to enhance clinical end-user MEDLINE search skills: design and baseline findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if a preceptor and timely, individualized feedback improves the performance of physicians in searching MEDLINE using GRATEFUL MED in clinical settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 300 bed primary to tertiary care teaching hospital. Computers were installed in wards and clinics of 6 major clinical services, and the emergency room, intensive care and neonatal intensive care units.
  
  
  METHODS
  All physicians and physicians-in-training from the departments of Medicine, Family Medicine, Surgery, Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics and Gynecology were included if they made patient care decisions for at least 8 weeks during the study period.
  
  
  METHODS
  All participants were given a 1-hour training class and 1 hour of individualized searching with 1 of the 2 study librarians. After training, participants were randomized to a control group who received no further intervention or to an intervention group in which each person chose a clinical preceptor experienced in MEDLINE searching and received individualized feedback by a study librarian on their first 10 searches, indicating search quality and providing suggestions for improvement. Feedback was mailed the first week day after the search was done.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline characteristics by study group, department and level of training, study participation rates, and searching rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  308 of 392 eligible physicians joined the study. Participation was almost 80% with some variation by department and level of training. Excellent balance in the baseline characteristics was achieved for the 2 groups, as well as for the number who did first searches. Intervention group participants searched MEDLINE more often than did controls (3.5 searches per month vs 2.5 per month for controls, P = 0.046). The recall and precision for first searches for both groups was significantly less than that of librarians. The analysis of study data will be completed by September 1991.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians are willing to do self-service searching of MEDLINE in clinical settings but their precision and recall are less than a trained librarian at baseline. Search skills enhancements are needed and the effect of feedback and preceptors is being tested.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  U.S. National Library of Medicine and Ontario Ministry of Health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: McKibbon
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D003200:Computer User Training; D004501:Education, Medical; D016240:Grateful Med; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007999:Library Services; D016239:MEDLINE; D009864:Ontario; D010820:Physicians; D011231:Preceptorship