title: Fundamentals for the development of a lithotripter of the new generation. A survey of the principle knowledge and skills contributing to the progress in lithotripter efficiency for a wide scale of application.
abstract: An improved shock wave source is required for the extended application of extracorporeal lithotripsy in proven and anticipated novel fields of therapy. Fundamental research was performed in the domains: disintegration efficiency; hydrophone stability; absolute calibration, and source optimization. The combined experiences resulted in the development of a new shock wave source, the Siemens Electromagnetic Acoustic Source (EMAS-C), with considerably improved performance. The compact EMAS-C provides shock wave foci varying over a broad energy range, dedicated to efficient concrement disintegration and to new fields of application in medical therapy.
authors.affiliation: Bereich Medizinische Technik, Siemens AG, Erlangen, BRD.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schätzle
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Granz
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000295:instrumentation*