Immunobiomarkers in alloimmune recurrent spontaneous abortion. A reappraisal.
The Class I gene expression and regulation will be in the near future a main topic for studies in the reproductive immunology. Unfortunately at present this finding do not provide yet available markers for the diagnostic work-up of recurrent abortions. In addition also the study of HLA frequencies in individuals affected by recurrent abortions is not providing a clear marker to be utilized for clinical purposes. Also the TLX antigen system is submitted to several critiques: the antigens have yet to be characterized biochemically. Furthermore the blocking activity is not always detected in the serum of women with normal pregnancy, as shown in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The Authors conclude, on the bases of the biologic evidence, that more effective immunobiomarkers are needed to detect a possible pathologic allogenic recognition in recurrent aborters.
Marelli
G
G
Clinica Ost. e Gin., Osp. San Raffaele, Milano.
D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000276:immunology*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006680:HLA Antigens; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000276:immunology
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D015415:Biomarkers; D006680:HLA Antigens; C020163:blocking factor