title: Apolipoprotein A-IV polymorphism, and its role in determining variation in lipoprotein-lipid, glucose and insulin levels in normal and non-insulin-dependent diabetic individuals.
abstract: Apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV) is a major component of several lipoprotein particles and may, therefore, play an important role in lipid metabolism. Genetic polymorphism of apo A-IV has been reported in humans and several other animal species. The presence of two common alleles, apo A-IV * 1 and apo A-IV * 2 has been documented in several human populations. In this investigation, we have determined apo A-IV polymorphism by isoelectric focusing-immunoblotting in 82 non-insulin-dependent diabetic and 204 control non-Hispanic Whites from the San Luis Valley, Colorado. We have also estimated the impact of apo A-IV polymorphism on eight quantitative traits: total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, HDL3 and HDL2-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose and fasting insulin. No statistically significant difference was seen in apo A-IV allele frequencies between the control and diabetics, and these frequencies were comparable with those reported for U.S. White and European populations. Among controls, the impact of the apo A-IV polymorphism was significant on LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.04) in females and on fasting insulin levels (P = 0.06) in males. In diabetics, the effect was significant on insulin (P = 0.03) levels in males only. Furthermore, our data suggest that when making comparison of lipid profiles between the controls and diabetics the presence or absence of common apo A-IV phenotypes should be taken into account as these appear to effect these comparisons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kamboh
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Hamman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iyengar
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Aston
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ferrell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000235:genetics*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; C022205:apolipoprotein A-IV; D002784:Cholesterol