title: [Nutrition and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
abstract: The malnutrition may exert deleterious effects on every constituent of the respiratory system: respiratory drive, respiratory muscles and pulmonary parenchyma. The occurrence of malnutrition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a poor prognosis. However the relationships between nutritional status and ventilatory function remain poorly defined. The malnutrition of COPD patients results mainly from a hypermetabolic state. In undernourished COPD patients, nutritional repletion has been reported to improve the performance of respiratory muscles. In COPD patients with acute respiratory failure, a hypercaloric nutrition may induce ventilatory complications that result mainly from an excessive CO2 production. The use of a lipid-enriched diet has been recently proposed in these patients to facilitate weaning from ventilatory support.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation, Hôtel-Dieu de Paris.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Laaban
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D001835:Body Weight; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000503:physiopathology; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000503:physiopathology; D006985:Hyperventilation / Q000503:physiopathology; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D015300:Ventilator Weaning
vernacular_title: Nutrition et bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive.