title: Natural history of chronic bilateral internal carotid artery occlusion.
abstract: Chronic bilateral ICA occlusion was found in 15 of 3200 patients studied with duplex scanning during a six years period. Ten of these patients had a history of stroke. Mean follow-up was 28.9 months. Six patients died during follow-up, coexisting cardiac ischaemia being the major cause of death. Two patients suffered a stroke (one fatal) resulting in an annual stroke rate of 5.5%, three patients continued to have TIAs and 5 remained asymptomatic. Chronic bilateral ICA occlusion is not always associated with neurological deficit. Coronary ischaemia, more than stroke is the leading cause of death in these patients.
authors.affiliation: St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazarides
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kalodiki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Christopoulos
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Nicolaides
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged