title: [Usefulness of ketoconazole combined with cyclosporin in renal transplantation].
abstract: To reduce the cost of treatment in renal transplant patients, ketoconazole, an inhibitor of the cytochrome P-450 enzyme system, was added to their triple immunosuppressive treatment (prednisone, azathioprine and cyclosporine). Thirty seven patients were included; they received 100-200 mg/day of ketoconazole and the amount of cyclosporine given was adjusted to keep its whole blood concentration within a therapeutic range. The dose of cyclosporine was decreased 70.4% by the first month of combined treatment and 76% by the ninth month. The benefit obtained with this reduction allowed the use of cyclosporine to be extended to all the patients and to administer it permanently. In 3 patients the increase in the serum hepatic enzymes made us stop ketoconazole. In order to detect hepatotoxicity early, periodic monitoring of liver function tests is mandatory.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Henríquez La Roche
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Iturbe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000187:drug effects; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D016572:Cyclosporine; D001379:Azathioprine; D007654:Ketoconazole; D011241:Prednisone
vernacular_title: Utilidad del ketoconazol asociado a la ciclosporina en trasplante renal.