Contrast agents for magnetic resonance spectroscopy: a method to obtain increased information in in vivo and in vitro spectroscopy.
The concept of contrast, which now is an integral part of many magnetic resonance imaging studies, can be extended successfully to magnetic resonance spectroscopy. It involves the use of paramagnetic molecules whose distribution is restricted in some manner, thereby causing differential effects on the NMR spectra. As an illustrative example, the effects of lipophilic nitroxide stable free radicals on the NMR spectra of serum and lipoproteins are shown. These nitroxides differentially broaden away components of the spectra due to the nuclei of methylene and methyl groups, which enables the usually obscured peaks of lactate to be observed fully. The concept can be applied to differential distribution of the contrast agent on the basis of solubility, charge, and/or compartmentalization. It can be used with any type of NMR spectroscopy and any type of paramagnetic contrast (broadening) agent.
Swartz
H M
HM
University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Chen
K
K
Hu
H P
HP
Hideg
K
K
D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D003287:Contrast Media; D006224:Cricetinae; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D013113:Spin Labels
D003287:Contrast Media; D008074:Lipoproteins; D013113:Spin Labels