title: A neurobehavioral syndrome after failure to thrive on chloride-deficient formula.
abstract: Eleven of 13 children, who demonstrated a failure-to-thrive pattern in infancy attributable to chloride-deficient Neo-Mull-Soy formula, had distinctive cognitive impairments four to nine years later. These included: a language disorder primarily involving articulation, word finding and naming; visual-motor and fine motor difficulties; and attention deficit disorder, often featuring repetitive behaviours, withdrawal and perseveration ('overfocus'). In contrast, global intellectual abilities were within the normal range in all 11 children. This residual neurobehavioral syndrome is too rare in the developmentally disabled population to reflect a chance association. It has not been associated either with protein-calorie malnutrition or chloride-deficiency diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kaleita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinsbourne
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Menkes
mesh_terms: D001827:Body Height; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002712:Chlorides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005183:Failure to Thrive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007008:Hypokalemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D030262:Soybean Proteins
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary; D030262:Soybean Proteins