title: Is there a role for amines other than histamines in the aetiology of scombrotoxicosis?
abstract: Mackerel fillets associated with an outbreak of scombrotoxicosis have been analysed for their contents of cadaverine, histamine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine and tyramine, and fed to informed, healthy volunteers of both sexes under medical supervision. Of the 86 fillets examined, 30 rapidly induced nausea/vomiting and/or diarrhoea when 50 g were consumed. The remaining fillets failed to provoke such symptoms, even though 17 of them were tested by volunteers proven to be susceptible to scombro-intoxication. Statistical analysis failed to detect any differences in amines content between fillets shown to be scombrotoxic and those failing to induce nausea/vomiting and/or diarrhoea, and failed also to establish any significant relationships between the amines doses and volunteer responses, even after manipulations to simulate additive or synergistic interactions. Accordingly it is concluded that the content of such amines in mackerel have little or no role in the aetiology of scombrotoxicosis.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Clifford
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ijomah
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hardy
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D002103:Cadaverine / Q000009:adverse effects; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D005519:Food Preservation; D006632:Histamine / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000506:poisoning*; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011700:Putrescine / Q000009:adverse effects; D013095:Spermidine / Q000009:adverse effects; D013096:Spermine / Q000009:adverse effects; D014439:Tyramine / Q000009:adverse effects; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D008387:Marine Toxins; D013096:Spermine; C034101:scombrotoxin; D006632:Histamine; D002103:Cadaverine; D013095:Spermidine; D011700:Putrescine; D014439:Tyramine