title: [Recommended values of energy density in soup or gruel-like foods, for feeding of preschool children].
abstract: The low energy density of the diets has been proposed by several authors as an essential factor which conditions the inadequate energy intake of preschool children of developing countries. However, there are few controlled studies in relation to the volumes which children are able to consume when energy density changes. The objective of this research was to establish recommended values of energy density for preparations with a soup or gruel consistency. The study was carried out in 100 preschool children from 3 to 4 years old who attended a Day Care Center in Santiago, Chile. Six formulas of a mixture of extruded pea-rice with different energy densities and viscosities: 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 kcal/g and 3,000 and 9,000 cp. were studied. These experimental conditions were obtained modifying the product concentration and adding malt flour. Food consumption was determined at lunch time. Energy adequacy was calculated using the 1985 FAO-OMS-UNU requirements. Children increased significantly their energy intake when energy density of both types of consistency, soup or gruel, was higher. Energy adequacy ranged from 15% when preparations had an energy density of 0.8 kcal/g to 35%, when the preparations had an energy density of 1.6 kcal/g. The formulas which had 1.6 kcal/g fulfilled 100% of the energy requirements of preschool children for lunch time, and should be the recommended energy density for soup or gruels, when they are given as the only food. The energy density of 1.2 kcal/g needs a food complement which supplies 120 kcal, and lower values would be inadequate for preschool children feeding purposes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Chile, Santiago.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Araya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alviña
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vera
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pak
mesh_terms: D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005511:Food Handling; D005526:Food, Formulated / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans
vernacular_title: Valores recomendables de densidad energética en preparaciones de consistencia tipo sopa o crema espesa, destinadas a la alimentación del preescolar.