title: Double-edged limit of total fertility rates.
abstract: In this paper we present the accurate estimation of total fertility rates, prove the theorem of upper and lower bounds of double-edged limit and provide the formulas of upper and lower bounds of total fertility rates. Based on these estimations and statistical data, we calculate the upper and lower bounds of the double-edged limit for 46 countries including China. Furthermore, we describe the positive growth rate, negative growth rate and zero growth rate of population development. These results are of great importance for us to control population not only in theory but also in practice.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Information and Control, PRC.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D005298:Fertility; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011155:Population Control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*