Leukemic transformation in patients with 5Q- and additional abnormalities.
METHODS
We analyze myelodysplastic patients with the 5q- marker as sole abnormality, or with additional anomalies, and their relationship to clinical evolution. The study was performed on 12 patients (6 females and 6 males): 3 with refractory anemia (RA), 5 with RA with ring sideroblasts (RA-S), 3 RA with excess of blasts (RAEB) and 1 with RAEB in transformation (RAEB-T). The cytogenetic study was carried out on bone marrow cells at the time of diagnosis. The G- banding technique was used for chromosome identification. The follow-up was for 50 months.


CONCLUSIONS
Five patients (3 with RA and 2 with RA-S) showed a single 5q- marker. They had a long survival without evolution to leukemia. All cases with 5q- plus additional abnormalities: del(12p), del(7q), del(14q), i(11q) and i(17q), showed a neoplastic evolution in a short period of time. We can conclude that the presence of the 5q- marker with complex karyotypes or additional abnormalities is associated with a high risk of neoplastic evolution, indicating the prognostic value of cytogenetic study in myelodysplasia.
Larripa
I
I
Cytogenetic Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas Mariano R. Castex, Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Acevedo
S
S
Palau Nagore
M V
MV
Bengiò
R
R
Mondini
N
N
Slavutsky
I
I
D000368:Aged; D000753:Anemia, Refractory / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011289:Preleukemia / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies