title: Contaminated commercial charcoal as a source of fungi in the respiratory tract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possibility that contaminated commercial activated charcoal may serve as a source for fungal colonization or infection of the lower respiratory tract.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical course of a patient who aspirated commercial activated charcoal was reviewed. Fungal cultures were performed for 2 samples of an activated charcoal in sorbitol product from separate lots produced by a single manufacturer. Details of the manufacturing process were obtained from a representative of the manufacturer.
  
  
  METHODS
  An intensive care unit in a large community teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single patient with steroid-treated lung disease who developed a fatal pulmonary illness after aspirating a commercial activated charcoal product.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After aspirating the charcoal product, the patient developed respiratory tract colonization and possible infection with Aspergillus niger, Paecilomyces variotii, and Penicillium species. Similar fungal species were isolated from cultures of samples obtained from two separate lots of the same commercial activated charcoal product. Several opportunities for contamination during the manufacturing process were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physicians caring for immunocompromised patients should be aware that commercial activated charcoal products can be a source of fungal respiratory tract colonization that may mimic or cause pneumonia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60616.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Weinstein
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications; D000368:Aged; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D001234:Aspergillus niger; D002606:Charcoal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004340:Drug Contamination; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host / Q000187:drug effects; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D010143:Paecilomyces; D010407:Penicillium; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration / Q000150:complications*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D002606:Charcoal; D011241:Prednisone