title: Chemopreventive efficacy of a betel leaf extract against benzo[a]pyrene-induced forestomach tumors in mice.
abstract: The effect of betel leaf extract and some of its constituents, eugenol, hydroxychavicol, beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol, on benzo[a]pyrene-induced forestomach neoplasia in male Swiss mice was examined. Betel leaf and its constituents decreased the number of papillomas per animal with the maximum protection, considering molar dosage, exhibited by beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol. Except for beta-carotene, eugenol, hydroxychavicol and alpha-tocopherol increased the levels of reduced glutathione in the liver while glutathione S-transferase activity was enhanced by all except eugenol. Of seven sources, Banarasi betel leaves showed the maximum amounts of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol.
authors.affiliation: Carcinogenesis Division, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Bombay, India.
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Bhide
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Zariwala
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Amonkar
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Azuine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001114:Areca; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000032:analysis; D019207:beta Carotene
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D019207:beta Carotene; D014810:Vitamin E; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D002338:Carotenoids; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione