title: Protective effect of alpha-tocopherol in carrier liposomes on ultraviolet-mediated human epidermal cell damage in vitro.
abstract: We have examined the postulated protective effect of antioxidants against ultraviolet (UV)-induced epidermal damage in an in vitro model system using either a well-differentiated human squamous cell carcinoma line SCC12F2 or human newborn keratinocytes. Cell were maintained in a serum-free defined medium only or with carrier liposomes (LPs) alone or LPs containing 1 microgram/ml alpha-tocopherol (AT/LP) or 1 microgram/ml alpha-tocopherol in oil (AT) alone. Cultures were irradiated once using a dose of solar-simulated light (25 mJ/m2, metered at 285 nm) determined in preliminary studies to decrease cell yields after 72 h by approximately 50% compared with sham-irradiated controls under basal conditions. Compared with their LP control, UV-irradiated AT/LP-treated SCC cells were significantly protected by an average of 25% against UV-mediated cell death or growth arrest as determined by the ratio of 72-h cell yields for UV-irradiated versus sham-irradiated cells. Ratios for cells treated with AT, LPs alone, or AT/LP did not differ significantly from those for untreated cells. Newborn keratinocytes had higher overall ratios of cell yields for UV-irradiated vs sham-irradiated cells, but results were otherwise similar, with AT/LP again providing significant protection, averaging 29%, compared with LP controls. UV irradiation of cells in basal medium induced the gene for heat shock protein (HSP 70), presumed to be involved in cellular response to stress; and keratinocytes treated with alpha-tocopherol in carrier liposomes showed a further increase in expression of HSP 70.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Werninghaus
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Handjani
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Gilchrest
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008081:Liposomes; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D008081:Liposomes; D014810:Vitamin E