title: Diagnostic immunohistochemistry: current applications and future directions.
abstract: In this review, the applications of enzyme immunohistochemistry in diagnostic pathology are discussed. Antibodies for diagnostic use are grouped into eight categories, viz, antibodies for tumour typing, for lymphocyte antigens, to hormones, peptides, amines and hormone receptors, to oncofetal antigens, to oncogenes and their products, to cell proliferation antigens, to infectious agents and for the study of glomerular diseases. The practical applications of these antibodies are reviewed with particular emphasis on the use of antibody panels for the identification of anaplastic round cell tumour in adults and children and of spindle cell neoplasms. Future directions for immunohistochemical techniques include their interphase with molecular biology and their applications in immunoelectron microscopy, in in-situ hybridisation procedures, in automation of routine staining and in image analyses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tissue Pathology, Institute of Medical & Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Leong
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000639:trends; D007239:Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000145:classification; D009857:Oncogenes; D010336:Pathology / Q000379:methods*