title: Lack of correlation between pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behaviour of cyanamide in man. A preliminary report.
abstract: A pharmacokinetic and dynamic study of cyanamide, an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) used as an adjuvant in the aversive therapy of chronic alcoholism, has been carried out in man after oral administrations. Cyanamide plasma levels were determined by a sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatographic assay. Blood ALDH activity were estimated after oral administration of 0.3, 1 and 1.5 mg/kg of cyanamide. One i.v. administration of 1 mg/kg was performed in order to determine the absolute bioavailability and the main pharmacokinetic parameters. Elimination half life and total plasma clearance values were 51.7 8.8 min and 14.4 2.7 mL/kg/min respectively. After oral administrations of 0.3, 1 and 1.5 mg/kg a rapid absorption rate was estimated with a Tmax values range of 10.5 to 15.5 min. The extent of absorption was not complete, oral bioavailability being 53%, 70% and 81% respectively. The presence of a first pass-effect is suggested. The inhibitory activity of cyanamide on blood ALDH reached the maximum value 4 h after its administration and decreased progressively throughout six days period. The cyanamide plasma levels time course did not correlated with the pharmacodynamic time course responses.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics Unit, Department of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Obach
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pruñonosa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torrent
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Colom
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peraire
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Izquierdo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Domenech
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood; D001682:Biological Availability; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003484:Cyanamide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D003484:Cyanamide; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase