title: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors suppress UV-induced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression at the posttranscriptional level.
abstract: Gene expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is induced not only by trans activation mediated through a gene product (tat) encoded by the virus but also by treatment of virus-carrying cells with DNA-damaging agents such as UV light. Employing an artificially constructed DNA in which the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene was placed under the control of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat, we analyzed the induction process in HeLa cells and found that inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase suppressed UV-induced HIV-1 gene expression but not tat-mediated expression. We also found that suppression occurs at the posttranscriptional level. These results indicate that HIV-1 gene expression is activated by at least two different mechanisms, one of which involves poly-ADP ribosylation. A possible new role of poly-ADP ribosylation in the regulation of specific gene expression is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamagoe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oishi
mesh_terms: D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003374:Coumarins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015756:Genes, tat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010957:Plasmids; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D003374:Coumarins; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D009536:Niacinamide; C025160:3-aminobenzamide; C030123:coumarin; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D001616:beta-Galactosidase