Reduction of carboplatin induced emesis by ondansetron.
Ondansetron is a selective 5-HT3 antagonist with significant antiemetic properties in patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. Patients who had suffered severe vomiting on carboplatin alone (23 patients with ovarian carcinoma) or in combination (two patients with testicular cancer) despite intensive antiemetic regimens were treated with ondansetron, given as 8 mg immediately prior to carboplatin followed by 8 mg orally, 8 hourly for 5 days. Twenty-five patients received 58 courses of ondansetron. In the first 24 h after the first course of chemotherapy with ondansetron, 17 patients (68%) experienced no vomiting, five patients (20%) had almost complete control and the other three patients had partial control. During the subsequent 4 days slightly lesser control was achieved. Nausea was similarly controlled in most patients. Twenty-two patients stated a preference for ondansetron with future chemotherapy. Fourteen patients received additional chemotherapy with ondansetron and in only three patients did the efficacy of therapy lessen. Toxicity was mild and transient with headache and constipation predominant. No extrapyramidal reaction was seen. Sedation was absent. Ondansetron is highly effective in refractory vomiting associated with carboplatin chemotherapy. It may be particularly beneficial when an extrapyramidal reaction has occurred on previous antiemetics and when sedation is unacceptable.
Harvey
V J
VJ
Department of Clinical Oncology, Auckland Hospital, New Zealand.
Evans
B D
BD
Mitchell
P L
PL
Mak
D
D
Neave
L M
LM
Langley
G B
GB
Dickson
D S
DS
D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004407:Dysgerminoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017294:Ondansetron; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000932:Antiemetics; D007093:Imidazoles; D017294:Ondansetron; D016190:Carboplatin