title: Cytokine production by mature and immature thymocytes.
abstract: We have studied the ability of subpopulations of activated thymocytes to produce four cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha) which are believed to play roles in T cell development. Supernatants from various thymocyte subsets activated with calcium ionophore and PMA were tested for these cytokines. All CD3hi thymocyte subsets (CD4+8-, CD4-8- and CD4-8+) produced high titers of these four cytokines except CD3+4-8+ thymocytes, which did not produce IL-4. In contrast, CD4+8+ thymocytes did not produce any detectable cytokines. CD3-4-8- thymocytes produced IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha (but not IL-4) when activated by calcium ionophore + PMA and IL-1. We then separated CD3-4-8- thymocytes into IL-2R+ and IL-2R-. CD3-4-8-IL-2R+ thymocytes only produced small amounts of IL-2 when activated with calcium ionophore + PMA + IL-1, whereas CD3-4-8-IL-2R- thymocytes did not require IL-1 to produce IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha. Finally, CD4-8+3- thymocytes (an immature population believed to be an intermediate between CD3-4-8- and CD4+8+ thymocytes) only produced marginally detectable levels of IL-2 upon stimulation with calcium ionophore, PMA, and the addition of IL-1 did not result in increased levels of cytokine production. These observations indicate discrete patterns of cytokine production by the subsets studied and suggest specific controls of cytokine gene expression during T cell development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: MacNeil
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cupp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shortman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zlotnik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D017252:CD3 Complex; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000032:analysis; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D017252:CD3 Complex; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma