title: Increased proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium in childhood diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with an increase in total exchangeable body sodium. To delineate a site of possible altered sodium handling, proximal tubular sodium reabsorption (PTRNa) was measured in 30 diabetic children, age 12.0 (range 7-16) yr, duration of diabetes 4.5 (range 0.2-12) yr, and compared with 10 non-diabetic children, age 10.0 (range 8.6-12.5) yr. PTRNa was calculated from the fractional clearance of lithium, which was determined from a single blood sample and a random untimed urine sample, taken between 0700 and 0830 h at home, fasting, before insulin therapy. PTRNa was significantly increased in the diabetic children compared with the non-diabetic children (81.6(SE 1.0) vs 74.2(2.6)%, p = 0.014). There was no relationship of PTRNa with age, duration of diabetes, metabolic control (glycosylated haemoglobin, plasma and urinary glucose, plasma lactate), or urinary protein excretion (albumin, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase). Elevated sodium reabsorption in the proximal renal tubule may account for the high total exchangeable body sodium found in Type 1 diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Hagan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Howey
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Greene
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006029:Glycosuria; D006801:Humans; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008094:Lithium; D012016:Reference Values; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007773:Lactates; D008094:Lithium; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine