title: Response to steroid suppression in major depression resistant to antidepressant therapy.
abstract: Because of the similarities in the psychiatric symptoms of Cushing's syndrome and those of major depression, and because the former generally remits when the hyperadrenalism is alleviated, an open clinical trial of the effect of steroid suppression in major depression was undertaken. Ten patients satisfying the DSM-III-R criteria for major depression, and classified as treatment-resistant, were included. Eight patients completed the study, which consisted of discontinuation of other psychotropic drugs and 2 months' treatment with one or more steroid suppressive agent (aminoglutethimide, ketoconazole and/or metyrapone). Six were classified as responders, and two as partial responders. In six, the improvement has been sustained for longer than 5 months after withdrawing the drugs. Side effects were mild to moderate. These results provide some evidence that steroids are involved in the maintenance of major depression, and that their suppression may lead to a readjustment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis with remission of the depression.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Physiology Unit, Montreal General Hospital, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dhar
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ghadirian
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chouinard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000616:Aminoglutethimide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone / Q000097:blood*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003907:Dexamethasone; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008797:Metyrapone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000616:Aminoglutethimide; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D003907:Dexamethasone; D007654:Ketoconazole; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D008797:Metyrapone