title: Use of N2O/O2/enflurane anesthesia for dental treatment of the handicapped.
abstract: To develop an anesthesia maintenance method that could be expected to maintain a reasonably stable state during dental treatment of the handicapped, three methods (N2O/O2 [0% enflurane (E), n = 12], N2O/O2/0.6% E [n = 8], N2O/O2/1.5% E [n = 7]) were evaluated in terms of changes in plasma levels of cortisol, epinephrine (EP), and norepinephrine (NE). During a treatment period of 60 minutes, cortisol levels increased in the 0% E group (from 9.5 +/- 1.8 micrograms/dL to 19.4 +/- 2.4 micrograms/dL, P less than .01), did not change in 0.6% E group, and decreased in 1.5% E group (from 9.3 +/- 1.7 micrograms/dL to 5.8 +/- 1.0 micrograms/dL, P less than .01). Epinephrine and NE levels increased in the 0% E group, but were suppressed in the 0.6% E and 1.5% E groups. It is suggested that N2O/O2 inhalation anesthesia supplemented with low-dose enflurane produces a stable state during dental treatment with respect to cortisol, EP, and NE responses.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagasaki University School of Dentistry, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D003730:Dental Care for Persons with Disabilities; D004737:Enflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004737:Enflurane; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine