title: The role of affiliative loss in the recruitment of helper cells among insulin-dependent diabetics.
abstract: The study was undertaken to determine whether affiliative loss might play a role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes by increasing the percentage of helper-inducer T cells when diabetics were reminded of the loss. It was found that diabetics who had experienced the recent death of a loved one showed a marked increase in helper cells, in contrast to diabetics who had not experienced a recent death, after both groups viewed a film about a happy, but doomed, love affair. The diabetics who had experienced a recent death also showed more affiliative distress after viewing the film. This increase in distress was associated with a physiological sign of increased activation, namely, increased plasma cortisol output, which in turn was associated with gains in helper-cell percentages. This suggests that frequent reminders of severe affiliative disturbances during the pre-onset histories of such diabetics may result in physiological activation, which leads to periodical recruitment of helper cells, which could augment the immune attack on the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. None of these results was obtained with controls, which suggests that the diabetics were unusually sensitive to affiliative distress.
authors.affiliation: Boston University Center for Applied Social Science.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: McClelland
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Kelner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000523:psychology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006117:Grief; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology