Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting using ondansetron, a new, selective, 5-HT3 receptor antagonist.
The effect of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 84 patients undergoing gynecologic operation and receiving the same general anesthetic. The patients received premedication with either 16 mg oral ondansetron, or a matching placebo. The same medication was given postoperatively 8 h after the first dose. During the first hour after recovery from anesthesia, the frequencies of nausea and vomiting were 52% and 40%, respectively, in patients given placebos. In the ondansetron group nausea and vomiting developed in 17% and 12%, respectively, values significantly different from those with placebos (P less than 0.005). Similar differences were observed throughout the entire 24-h period after recovery, the incidence of nausea and vomiting being 67% and 60%, respectively, in the placebo group and 29% and 26% in the ondansetron treatment group. Ondansetron appears to be a promising antiemetic for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Leeser
J
J
Department of Anaesthesiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Lip
H
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017294:Ondansetron; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000932:Antiemetics; D007093:Imidazoles; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017294:Ondansetron