[Respective importance of vertical and horizontal transmission of hepatitis B in the Australian archipelago (French Polynesia). Preliminary results of the vaccination of newborns].
A seroepidemiological survey of hepatitis B was conducted in 1988 in the Austral archipelago (French Polynesia) in a randomly selected sample of 957 persons, has showed an infection rate (at least one positive marker) with HBV of 64.1% for the entire archipelago. Among women of child-bearing age, HBs Ag carriage rate was 11.45% of whom 19.1% were so HBe Ag carriers. Among infants HBs Ag carriage rate was 2.1% and among juveniles it was 10.6%. In this area horizontal transmission of HBV is essential. An immunization program was implemented in August 1988 using a recombinant vaccine (GenHevac BTM). At one year of the program, 97% of the children had received at least one dose of vaccine, 90% had HBs-antibodies titer higher than 10 mUI/ml, 96% had seroconverted for at least one of the two antibodies (anti-HBs and/or anti-preS2) and any of them was neither HBs Ag carrier nor anti-HBc IgM antibodies carrier. Finally, among 7 neonates whose mother were positive for both HBs Ag and HBe Ag, 6 were immunes and the last one, aged of 1 month (one dose received only), was not HBs Ag carrier. These preliminary results show that vaccination with GenHevac BTM to be immunogenic and effective in field conditions.
Boutin
J P
JP
Institut de Médecine Tropicale du Service de Santé des Armées, Marseille.
Spiegel
A
A
Flye Sainte-Marie
F
F
Cartel
J L
JL
Girard
M
M
Saliou
P
P
Roux
J
J
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007223:Infant; D011114:Polynesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines
Importance respective des transmissions verticale et horizontale de l'hépatite B dans L'archipel des australes (Polynésie Française). Résultats préliminaires de la vaccination chez les nouveau-nés.