title: Age- and sex-dependent dichlorovinyl cysteine (DCVC) accumulation and toxicity in the mouse kidney: relation to development of organic anion transport and beta-lyase activity.
abstract: The age- and sex-dependent changes in mouse kidney accumulation and toxicity of S-1,2-dichlorovinyl cysteine (DCVC) was investigated. The results were compared to developmental changes in the basal activities of organic anion transport in vitro (PAH uptake) and of cysteine conjugate beta-lyase (substrate: benzothiazolyl cysteine). Following 14C-DCVC (5 mg/kg body wt. orally), the renal 14C-accumulation increased with age, whereas the degree of tubular DCVC lesions was about the same at all time points. Regarding the sex differentiation in adult mice, both the kidney 14C-accumulation levels and the kidney lesion (5 mg/kg DCVC) were most accentuated in the female mouse. However, at a higher dose (25 mg/kg), the male kidney was most affected. Changes in the anion transport and beta-lyase activities did not directly mirror the age-dependent increase in kidney radioactivity. Sex differences in anion transport and beta-lyase activities were also seen, the former activity being highest in the male mouse and the latter in the female. The conflicting results of 14C-accumulation and histopathology in developing mice, may be explained by the ongoing development of the kidney; increase in the number of functionally active nephrons may result in an increased 14C-accumulation (in d.p.m./mg wet wt.) but still the same degree of lesion, when estimated per nephron. In the adult mice, the higher susceptibility of the female may be correlated to the higher beta-lyase activity in the same sex. Regarding the inversed results at a higher dose, rate limitations of transport and bioactivation systems may play a role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Darnerud
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Gustafson
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Törnwall
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Feil
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: C039961:S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine; D003545:Cysteine