title: Comparative studies on the influence of ONK (N(5-hydroxynicotinoil) glutamic acid), piracetam and meclofenoxate on the learning- and memory-impairing effect of scopolamine, clonidine, and methergoline.
abstract: The effects of the new compound N(5-hydroxynicotinoil)glutamic acid (ONK) in comparison with the well-known nootropic drugs piracetam and meclofenoxate on cognitive functions impaired by scopolamine, clonidine or methergoline were examined in albino rats and mice. The changes in learning and memory were studied by the two-way active avoidance "shuttle-box", passive avoidance "step-down" in rats and passive avoidance "step-through" in mice. The present results showed that ONK (50 mg/kg) injected intraperitoneally (i. p.), piracetam (800 mg/kg) and meclofenoxate (100 mg/kg) administered orally once daily for 5 days before training completely antagonized the scopolamine-provoked amnesia in step-through-trained mice. ONK (50 mg/kg) administered i. p., piracetam (600 mg/kg) and meclofenoxate (100 mg/kg) administered orally once daily for 5 days before training abolished the memory-impairing effect of clonidine in shuttle-box-trained rats and the amnestic effect of methergoline in step-down trained rats. The observed antiamnestic effects of the nootropic drugs studied are probably realised through their influence on cholinergic, noradrenergic and serotoninergic neurotransmission. The favourable effect of ONK on cognition might be of interest for therapeutic practice.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Voronina
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Garibova
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Trofimov
authors.forename: Zh A
authors.initials: ZhA
authors.lastname: Sopyev
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Petkov
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lazarova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D003000:Clonidine; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D002504:Meclofenoxate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008711:Metergoline; D009539:Nicotinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010889:Piracetam / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011678:Punishment; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012601:Scopolamine
chemical_list: D005971:Glutamates; D009539:Nicotinic Acids; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; C066295:nooglutil; D008711:Metergoline; D002504:Meclofenoxate; D012601:Scopolamine; D003000:Clonidine; D010889:Piracetam