title: Ploidy and proliferation evaluated by flow cytometry. An overview of techniques and impact in oncology.
abstract: Flow cytometric methods for the assessment of nuclear and chromosomal DNA content and of cell proliferation (including methods based on pulse-chase of bromodeoxyuridine and on monoclonal antibodies against nuclear oncoproteins and proliferation-associated antigens) are illustrated by examples and analyzed critically. The impact of most of these techniques for the study of human solid tumors, with exception of nuclear DNA content evaluation, appears still limited. In particular, new studies of cell lines and clinical material from human tumors using new proliferation markers and multiparameter flow cytometry are necessary to solve a considerable number of methodologic and scientific problems.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Biofisica e Citometria, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Giaretti
mesh_terms: D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D002469:Cell Separation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine