title: Changes in the plasma levels of proteins C and S in young women on low-dose oestrogen oral contraceptives.
abstract: The physiological importance of proteins C and S as natural anticoagulants is demonstrated by the increased risk of thromboembolic disease among subjects with hereditary deficiency of both proteins. In the present study the effects were evaluated of low-dose oestrogen oral contraceptives (OC) on the plasma levels of immunological protein S, as free (PS-f), and in reversible complex with C4b-binding protein as well as functional protein C (PC) in a homogeneous group of 20 young healthy women. The participants were randomly given either gestodene (75 micrograms) or desogestrel (150 micrograms) in combination with ethinyl oestradiol (30 micrograms). Blood samples were taken prior to the initiation of the treatment and at the end of the sixth 21-day treatment cycle. The mean concentration of both free and bound PS fell significantly, the decrease still being within the reference range. Conversely, the plasma values for PC rose to a statistically significant extent. There were no significant differences between the two OCs. Hypothetically, the changes in PS-f (active fraction) might be conducive to a procoagulant state, which the increased PC may compensate. The reverse effect of two OCs on the activity of the protein C-protein S anticoagulant system might suggest a different regulation of their synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinica Medica I, University of Messina, School of Medicine, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granata
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Sobbrio
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Arrigo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barillari
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Egitto
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Granese
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pullè
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trimarchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; D017135:Desogestrel; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D009652:Norpregnenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011486:Protein C / Q000378:metabolism*; D017293:Protein S
chemical_list: D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; D006023:Glycoproteins; D009652:Norpregnenes; D011486:Protein C; D017293:Protein S; C033273:Gestodene; D017135:Desogestrel