title: [Concentration of thrombin antithrombin III complex and plasmin alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex in nephrotic syndrome].
abstract: Plasma concentration of fibrinogen (Fbg), plasminogen (PLG), antithrombin III (AT III), alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI), thrombin antithrombin III complex (TAT) and plasmin alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were evaluated in 23 nephrotic patients with proteinuria more than 3.5 g/day, including 4 cases with clinical evidence of thromboembolism. Among patients without thromboembolism, concentration of PLG and AT III was in the normal range but that of Fbg and alpha 2-PI was significantly elevated (p less than 0.01 for Fbg and p less than 0.001 for alpha 2-PI respectively). Also there was a positive relationship between AT III and serum albumin (p less than 0.05). Two fifth of these patients had an had an increased level of TAT, and also had a higher level of PIC compared with normal control (p less than 0.01). There was a positive relationship between TAT and PIC, TAT and Fbg (p less than 0.05), PIC and Fbg (p less than 0.01). TAT and PIC levels were markedly elevated in the patients with thromboembolism. From aforementioned data, it was suggested that patients with nephrotic syndrome would be in the prethrombotic state and the increased level of Fbg is one of the major risk factors of thromboembolic complications in these patients. Furthermore measurement of TAT and PIC are the useful means for the diagnosis of these complications.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuoka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishiwaki
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000097:blood; D000979:alpha-2-Antiplasmin
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D000979:alpha-2-Antiplasmin; C046193:antithrombin III-protease complex; C037742:plasmin-plasmin inhibitor complex; D000990:Antithrombin III; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D005341:Fibrinolysin