title: Mechanisms of oncogene cooperation: activation and inactivation of a growth antagonist.
abstract: Gene transfer experiments have defined limitations with regard to the ability of individual oncogenes to transform cultured cells to a tumorigenic state. The stable transformation of REF52 cells by either the ras or sis oncogenes requires the continuous expression of a second collaborating oncogene, such as adenovirus-5 E1A or SV40 large T-antigen. Our studies suggest that the function of the nuclear collaborators is to antagonize dominant growth controls which limit the ability of REF52 cells to proliferate in response to mitogenic stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ragozzino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: DeGregori
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kohl
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Ruley
mesh_terms: D017456:Adenovirus Early Proteins; D000818:Animals; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D005347:Fibroblasts; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016161:Genes, Retinoblastoma; D011905:Genes, ras; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006822:Hybrid Cells; D008647:Mesocricetus; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009857:Oncogenes; D010641:Phenotype; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats / Q000196:embryology
chemical_list: D017456:Adenovirus Early Proteins; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)