title: A multicenter randomized trial comparing the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue goserelin acetate alone and with flutamide in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. The International Prostate Cancer Study Group.
abstract: A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare the effects of the nonsteroidal antiandrogen flutamide (250 mg. 3 times daily) plus the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue goserelin acetate (Zoladex) (3.6 mg. subcutaneous depot injection every 28 days) with goserelin acetate alone in advanced prostatic carcinoma. A total of 571 eligible patients, of whom 57% had distant metastases, showed no difference in subjective or objective response rates, interval to progression, treatment failure or survival after a median followup of 2 years. In the combination group more patients had an early decrease in elevated levels of tumor markers and the small number of patients with an increase in signs and symptoms within the first 4 weeks showed a significant decrease. However, increased gastrointestinal and hepatic toxicity in the combination group resulted in 44 patients being withdrawn from the trial. These results indicate that the combination of goserelin acetate with flutamide provides no long-term clinical benefit in patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma compared to goserelin acetate alone.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Plymouth General Hospital, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tyrrell
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Altwein
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Klippel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Varenhorst
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lunglmayr
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boccardo
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Holdaway
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haefliger
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jordaan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002064:Buserelin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005485:Flutamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D017273:Goserelin; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D012074:Remission Induction; D013997:Time Factors; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D017273:Goserelin; D005485:Flutamide; D002064:Buserelin