title: [Evaluation of endomyocardial fibrosis by two-dimensional echocardiogram. Analysis of the severity and correlation with angiocardiography].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the capacity of two-dimensional echocardiogram (2D-Echo) to establish the severity of endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) in comparison with angiography (Angio).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients with EMF were prospectively studied by both: 2D-Echo and Angio. The mean age was 24.6 +/- 6.6 years (14 to 35), with 8 women and 4 men. To compare the severity by the 2 methods the obliterative process was graded according to its extension relative to the long axis of the respective, in diastole, as follows: 1 + only apical: 2 + less than 50% and 3 + greater than or equal to 50% from the apex to the atrioventricular valve level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients (100%) had biventricular disease by Angio, with right ventricle (RV) predominance in 5 (42%), left ventricle (LV) predominance in 1 (8%) and balanced in 6 (50%). By 2D-Echo the se numbers were: 11 (92%), 5 (42%), 1 (8%) and 5 (42%), respectively. The degree of concordance between 2D-Echo and Angio was 100% for the RV and 75% for the LV (p less than 0.005). In only 1 patient the LV apical involvement (+) was not identified by 2D-Echo. Mitral insufficiency (MI) was detected in 7 (58%) and tricuspid (TI) in 11 (92%) patients by Angio. These patients, expect one, had the corresponding atrial area greater than 18 cm2 by 2D-Echo. It was observed a statistically significant correlation between the atrial area and the degree of AV valve insufficiency (MI p less than 0.005; TI p less than 0.05). Paradoxical movement of the interventricular septum (IVS) was noted in 6 (50%) patients, associated with predominant RV disease, severe TI and mild or absent MI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 2D-Echo, a valuable non-invasive method to diagnose and to grade severity of the fibrotic involvement of the ventricles by EMF, has a good correlation with Angio.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos, Faculdade de Medicina, UFBA, Salvador, BA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Câmara
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Godinho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000790:Angiocardiography; D004452:Echocardiography; D004719:Endomyocardial Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006351:Heart Valves / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right
vernacular_title: Avaliação da endomiocardiofibrose pelo ecocardiograma bidimensional. Análise da gravidade e correlação com a angiocardiografia.