Infectious transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II in rabbits.
To determine the susceptibility of rabbits to experimental infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-II (HTLV-II), four separate groups of four weanling rabbits each were inoculated intravenously with lethally irradiated HTLV-II-infected human cell lines Mo-T (HTLV-IIMo-infected T cells), WIL-NRA (an Epstein-Barr virus [EBV]-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell line infected with HTLV-IINRA), 729pH6neo (an EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line transfected with a molecular clone of HTLV-IIMo), or G12.1 (HTLV-II-infected T cells from a Panamanian Guaymi Indian). Two additional groups of four rabbits each were similarly inoculated with control uninfected 729 or HuT 78 cells. Early and persistent seroconversion to HTLV-II core antigen p24, as determined by Western immunoblot, occurred in all HTLV-II-inoculated rabbits and was most intense in rabbits inoculated with G12.1 cells; seroreactivity to other HTLV-II gag or env antigens occurred later, with less intensity, or not in all inoculated rabbits. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and other lymphoid cells from HTLV-II-inoculated rabbits produced minimal p24 in vitro, as determined by enzyme immunosorbent capture assay. Virus was more readily detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification of HTLV-II pol sequences; this occurred most frequently in rabbits inoculated with Mo-T cells, and most frequently in PBMC as compared with other tissues tested (bone marrow, brain, and liver). No evidence of disease occurred in HTLV-II-inoculated rabbits observed for as long as 24 weeks. All control rabbits remained negative for evidence of HTLV-II infection, as determined by the same procedures. These results provide the first evidence of HTLV-II infection in a species other than humans, and demonstrate the usefulness of the rabbit as an animal model to study the biologic response to different isolates of this human retrovirus.
Cockerell
G L
GL
Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
Weiser
M G
MG
Rovnak
J
J
Wicks-Beard
B
B
Roberts
B
B
Post
A
A
Chen
I S
IS
Lairmore
M D
MD
D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015482:HTLV-II Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D015487:HTLV-II Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D015491:HTLV-II Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011817:Rabbits; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
D015482:HTLV-II Antibodies; D015487:HTLV-II Antigens