title: Retinoblastoma protein and simian virus 40-dependent immortalization of human fibroblasts.
abstract: Transformation and immortalization of human diploid fibroblasts by simian virus 40 (SV40) is at least a two-stage process, since transformants have a limited lifespan in culture. We have isolated immortalized derivatives (AR5 and HAL) from transformants generated with an origin-defective SV40 genome encoding a heat-labile large T protein (T antigen) and reported that both preimmortal and immortal transformants are continuously dependent on T antigen function for growth as determined by temperature shift experiments. In this study, we demonstrate complex formation between T antigen and the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene product (Rb) at 35 degrees C and observed a reduction in complexes under conditions of loss of T antigen function and growth inhibition at 39 degrees C. Viral oncogenes (polyomavirus large T protein and adenovirus E1A 12S protein) known to bind Rb were introduced into AR5 and HAL cells, both stably by gene transfer and transiently by virus vectors. Such double transformants are still unable to proliferate at 39 degrees C, although complex formation with the newly introduced oncogenes was demonstrated. We suggest that T antigen interacts with other cellular processes in addition to Rb to transform and immortalize human cells in culture. Our finding that p53-T antigen complexes are also temperature dependent in AR5 and HAL cells could provide such an additional mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10021.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Resnick-Silverman
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Jha
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ozer
mesh_terms: D000957:Antigens, Viral, Tumor / Q000276:immunology; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002460:Cell Line; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D009857:Oncogenes; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000276:immunology*; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D013696:Temperature; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000957:Antigens, Viral, Tumor; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein