title: myo-inositol pentakisphosphates. Structure, biological occurrence and phosphorylation to myo-inositol hexakisphosphate.
abstract: 1. Standard and high-performance anion-exchange-chromatographic techniques have been used to purify myo-[3H]inositol pentakisphosphates from various myo-[3H]inositol-prelabelled cells. Slime mould (Dictyostelium discoideum) contained 8 microM-myo-[3H]inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate, 16 microM-myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate and 36 microM-D-myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate [calculated intracellular concentrations; Stephens & Irvine (1990) Nature (London) 346, 580-583]; germinating mung-bean (Phaseolus aureus) seedlings contained both D- and L-myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (which was characterized by 31P and two-dimensional proton n.m.r.) and D- and/or L-myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,3,4,5-pentakisphosphate; HL60 cells contained myo-[3H]inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (in a 500-fold excess over the other species), myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate and D- and/or L-myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate; and NG-115-401L-C3 cells contained myo-[3H]inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (in a 100-fold excess over the other species), D- and/or L-myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate, myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate and D- and/or L-myo-[3H]inositol 1,2,3,4,5-pentakisphosphate. 2. Multiple soluble ATP-dependent myo-inositol pentakisphosphate kinase activities have been detected in slime mould, rat brain and germinating mung-bean seedling homogenates. In slime-mould cytosolic fractions, the three myo-inositol pentakisphosphates that were present in intact slime moulds could be phosphorylated to myo-[3H]inositol hexakisphosphate: the relative first-order rate constants for these reactions were, in the order listed above, 1:8:31 respectively (with first-order rate constants in the intact cell of 0.1, 0.8 and 3.1 s-1, assuming a cytosolic protein concentration of 50 mg/ml), and the Km values of the activities for their respective inositol phosphate substrates (in the presence of 5 mM-ATP) were 1.6 microM, 3.8 microM and 1.4 microM. At least two forms of myo-inositol pentakisphosphate kinase activity could be resolved from a slime-mould cytosolic fraction by both pharmacological and chromatographic criteria. Rat brain cytosol and a soluble fraction derived from germinating mung-bean seedlings could phosphorylate myo-inositol D/L-1,2,4,5,6-, D/L-1,2,3,4,5-, 1,2,3,4,6- and 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphates to myo-inositol hexakisphosphate: the relative first-order rate constants were 57:27:77:1 respectively for brain cytosol (with first-order rate constants in the intact cell of 0.0041, 0.0019, 0.0056 and 0.000073 s-1 respectively, assuming a cytosolic protein concentration of 50 mg/ml) and 1:11:12:33 respectively for mung-bean cytosol (with first-order rate constants in a supernatant fraction with a protein concentration of 10 mg/ml of 0.0002, 0.0022, 0.0024 and 0.0066 s-1 respectively).
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, AFRC, Babraham, Cambridge, U.K.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Poyner
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hanley
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Irvine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000378:metabolism*; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D007536:Isomerism; D007700:Kinetics; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D014316:Tritium; C013571:inositol pentaphosphate; D010833:Phytic Acid; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C064990:inositol pentakisphosphate kinase