title: Quantitative estimation of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 provirus in CD4+ T lymphocytes using the polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: The proviral burden of peripheral blood lymphocytes in 29 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) was estimated using a polymerase chain reaction method which we recently refined. The mean numbers of HIV-1 provirus in eight patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex treated with zidovudine (AZT), in 10 asymptomatic patients treated with AZT, and in 11 asymptomatic untreated patients were 892, 436, and 406 copies in 1 x 10(5) CD4- T lymphocytes, respectively. These results demonstrate that patients may have more HIV-1 provirus copies in an advanced than early stage of disease, and that the fraction of the infected lymphocytes is much higher than previously thought, especially in asymptomatic patients. There was no difference in the viral burden in CD4+ T lymphocytes regardless of whether AZT had been administered or not. These findings validate the method used here to quantitate HIV-1 provirus DNA and confirm that AZT is not effective in reducing the amount of provirus DNA in lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Urayama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000386:AIDS-Related Complex / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000382:microbiology*; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015215:Zidovudine