title: Hormonal effects of the diuretic xipamide in healthy men.
abstract: The effect of xipamide on plasma alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide and the renin-aldosterone-kallikrein system have been studied in 12 healthy men, using a double-blind cross-over design. After a run-in period on placebo of 1 week, the subjects were treated with either placebo (n = 6) or xipamide 20 mg once daily (n = 6) for 16 weeks and were then switched to the alternative medication for another 16 weeks. The plasma concentration of alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide fell after 1 week of xipamide administration and increased during prolonged xipamide administration but remained reduced. The changes in plasma alpha-ANP observed after 1 week of xipamide were negatively correlated with the changes in hematocrit and hemoglobin. Plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone concentration (PAC), and urinary excretion of aldosterone and kallikrein increased after 1 week of xipamide administration, levelled off during the second and fourth weeks, but remained elevated during further prolonged xipamide administration for 16 weeks. The xipamide-induced changes in PRA and PAC were positively correlated with the changes in the hematocrit and hemoglobin. The changes in plasma renin, aldosterone, and alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide during xipamide administration may be related to diuretic-induced volume contraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lijnen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fagard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Staessen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amery
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood*; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood*; D014988:Xipamide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000450:Aldosterone; D014988:Xipamide; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D007610:Kallikreins; D012083:Renin