title: Increase in soluble interleukin-2 receptor and neopterin serum levels during immunotherapy of cancer with interleukin-2.
abstract: Both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive events would occur during the immunotherapies of cancer, including interleukin 2 (IL-2) therapy. The marked increase in soluble IL-2 receptor (SIL-2R) levels during IL-2 therapy could represent a potentially negative biological effect, because of the receptor's capacity to bind IL-2 and compete for it with IL-2 cell surface receptor. Since it has been observed that macrophages stimulate in vitro the release of SIL-2R, a study was started to evaluate in vivo the role of macrophages in IL-2-induced SIL-2R rise by measuring neopterin, which is a marker of macrophage activity. The study included 9 advanced renal cancer patients, treated subcutaneously with IL-2 at 1.8 x 10(6) IU/m2 twice daily for 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Both SIL-2R and neopterin serum mean levels significantly increased during IL-2 treatment, and the highest concentrations were reached on the second week of therapy. SIL-2R rise was significantly correlated to that of neopterin. This study, by showing a positive correlation between SIL-2R and neopterin rise, would suggest a macrophage involvement in the stimulation of SIL-2R release during IL-2 immunotherapy of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lissoni
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tisi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brivio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barni
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rovelli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perego
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tancini
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019798:Neopterin; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D001708:Biopterins; D019798:Neopterin