title: Transforming growth factor beta inhibits plasminogen activator (PA) activity and stimulates production of urokinase-type PA, PA inhibitor-1 mRNA, and protein in rat osteoblast-like cells.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) treatment of rat osteoblast-rich calvarial cells or of the clonal osteogenic sarcoma cells, UMR 106-01, resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of plasminogen activator (PA) activity, and increased production of 3.2 kb mRNA and protein for PA inhibitor -1 (PAI-1). Although tissue-type PA (tPA) protein was not measured, TGF beta did not influence production of mRNA for tPA. Production of 2.3 kb mRNA for urokinase-type PA (uPA) was also increased by TGF beta in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of TGF beta on synthesis of mRNA for PAI-1 and uPA were maintained when protein synthesis was inhibited, and were abolished by inhibition of RNA synthesis. Although uPA had not been detected previously as a product of rat osteoblasts, treatment of lysates of osteoblast-like cells with plasmin yielded a band of PA activity on reverse fibrin autography, corresponding to a low Mr form of uPA. Untreated conditioned media from normal osteoblasts or UMR 106-01 cells contained no significant TGF beta activity, but activity could be detected in acidified medium. Treatment of conditioned media with plasmin resulted in activation of approximately 50% of the TGF beta detectable in acidified media. The results identify several effects of TGF beta on the PA-PA inhibitor system in osteoblasts. Net regulation of tPA activity through the stimulatory actions of several calciotropic hormones and the promotion of PAI-1 formation by TGF beta could determine the amount of osteoblast-derived TGF beta activated locally in bone. Stimulation of osteoblast production of mRNA for uPA could reflect effects on the synthesis of sc-uPA, a precursor for the active form of the enzyme.
authors.affiliation: St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Allan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zeheb
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Gelehrter
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Heaton
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012516:Osteosarcoma; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D003609:Dactinomycin; D003513:Cycloheximide; D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D005341:Fibrinolysin; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator