title: Insertional inactivation of the Staphylococcus aureus beta-toxin by bacteriophage phi 13 occurs by site- and orientation-specific integration of the phi 13 genome.
abstract: Lysogenization of Staphylococcus aureus by the serotype F converting bacteriophage phi 13 results in loss of beta-toxin expression. Sequence analysis of the S. aureus beta-toxin gene (hlb), the attachment site (attP)-containing region of phi 13 DNA and the chromosome/bacteriophage DNA junctions of a phi 13 lysogen, revealed that the molecular mechanism of loss of beta-toxin expression was due to insertion of the phi 13 genome into the 5' end of hlb. The insertion site (attB) within hlb contained a 14 base pair core sequence in common with attP and both ends of the integrated linear prophage genome of a phi 13 lysogen. These findings indicate that integration of the phi 13 genome into hlb is site- and orientation-specific.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Science, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knights
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shanley
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Birkbeck
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dougan
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Charles
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001287:Attachment Sites, Microbiological; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D008242:Lysogeny; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D013108:Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase; D013204:Staphylococcus Phages / Q000235:genetics*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D013108:Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase; C029878:hlb protein, Staphylococcus aureus