title: Reduced nephrotoxicity and hepatoxicity in cyclosporin A therapy by enalapril and spironolactone in rats.
abstract: The aim of the study was to define a therapy to be combined with an immunosuppressive drug such as cyclosporin A, in order to partially reduce the nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects in the treated rats. Two drugs were considered: enalapril, which is an inhibitor of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, and spironolactone, which is an antagonist of aldosterone. These two drugs interrupt the renin-angiotensinogen-angiotensin chain after this has been activated by cyclosporin A, preventing peripheral vasoconstriction and more specifically the constriction of both glomerular arterioles and hepatic vessels from occurring, thus diminishing the cyclosporin A toxicity in both liver and kidney.
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre, Tissue Typing and Dialysis, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iacona
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rossetti
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Filingeri
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Orsini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cesarini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cervelli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Adorno
authors.forename: C U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Casciani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D013148:Spironolactone; D004656:Enalapril; D016572:Cyclosporine