title: Induction of suppressor T cells and inhibition of contact hypersensitivity in mice by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and its analogs.
abstract: 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and its analogs were surveyed for their abilities to modify contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in SENCAR mice. Sensitization of dorsal skin with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and subsequent challenge of the ear 5 d later resulted within 24 h in ear swelling and increased vascular permeability (as measured by the extravasation of Evans Blue dye). Treatment of dorsal or ventral skin with TPA 4 times (application made every 3 or 4 d) prior to sensitization on the dorsum inhibited subsequent induction of CHS by DNFB challenge. Maximum suppression of CHS required sensitization at the site of TPA treatment. Suppression occurred over a narrow dose range of TPA (0.1-1.0 micrograms), and qualitatively correlated with the tumor incidences scored in an initiation-promotion multistage skin carcinogenesis experiment. Multiple applications (4x) of the promoters phorbol-12,13-dibenzoate (10 micrograms) and mezerein (2 micrograms) also suppressed CHS, whereas the non-promoter phorbol (20 micrograms) and the first stage tumor promoter 4-O-methyl TPA (20 micrograms) had no effect. Adoptive transfer of splenocytes isolated from mice pre-treated with TPA prior to DNFB sensitization inhibited the development of CHS in recipient mice that were sensitized and challenged with DNFB, but not oxazolone. Splenocyte preparations depleted of T lymphocytes prior to transfer could not suppress CHS in recipient mice. Conversely, suppressive activity was concentrated in splenocyte preparations depleted of adherent cells/monocytes. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that TPA treatment of murine epidermis prior to sensitization with hapten can inhibit subsequent hapten-dependent elicitation of CHS. This suppression is mediated in part by antigen-specific suppressor T cells. Furthermore, there is a qualitative correlation between the complete and second stage in vivo tumor-promoting activities of TPA and its analogs, and their abilities to inhibit CHS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Carcinogenesis, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kodari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavone
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Reiners
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004139:Dinitrofluorobenzene; D005260:Female; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007700:Kinetics; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013729:Terpenes; D004139:Dinitrofluorobenzene; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate