title: Klinefelter's syndrome and liver adenoma.
abstract: We describe the occurrence of a liver adenoma in a young patient with Klinefelter's syndrome, diagnosed by classic 47,XXY karyotype in all investigated cells and a sex hormone imbalance. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such an association, which might suggest a simple coincidence. However, a pathogenetic link between Klinefelter's syndrome and liver adenoma can be suggested in view of the following facts: Liver adenoma mostly affects women of child-bearing age using oral contraceptives. It is very rare in men, and affected men frequently have been treated with androgens. Both groups are characterized by a sex hormone imbalance. Also, the risk of breast cancer, another hormone-sensitive tumor, is greatly elevated in men with Klinefelter's syndrome, possibly due to sex hormone imbalance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of Munich, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Beuers
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiebecke
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schwandt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male