title: Catecholamines, cocaine toxicity, and their antidotes in the rat.
abstract: Acute lethal cocaine intoxication in the rat induces significant increases of plasma dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine concentrations associated with cardiac functional and morphologic changes. Nitrendipine (a calcium channel antagonist) administered 5 min following cocaine administration lowers catecholamine concentration and restores cardiovascular function to normal, while preventing lethality, and so does enalaprilat (an enzyme-converting inhibitor) administration with diazepam. Cocaine cardiac toxicity in the rat appears to be associated with a significant stimulation of the sympathoadrenal and a sustained elevated plasma concentration of epinephrine. The renin angiotensin system also appears to be activated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trouve
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Nahas
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Manger
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000097:blood; D015773:Enalaprilat / Q000494:pharmacology; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D009568:Nitrendipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D009568:Nitrendipine; D015773:Enalaprilat; D003042:Cocaine; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine