title: Ipratropium bromide delivered by metered-dose aerosol to infant wheezers.
abstract: Two methods of administration of ipratropium bromide (Atrovent; Boehringer Ingelheim) to wheezing children less than 25 months of age were compared: (i) the conventional nebulisation (15 children); and (ii) a metered-dose aerosol plus spacer and mask (MDA group, 17 children). The drug induced a significant and similar fall in respiratory rate in both groups. Transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure was also reduced significantly but was more marked in the MDA group. This increase in alveolar ventilation was similar in those less than 12 months as in older children; in those with recurrent or with first time wheezing; and in those with radiological evidence of pneumonia. Clinical assessment of bronchospasm and recession was recorded as improved in over 80% of both groups. The MDA delivery of ipratropium bromide was as effective as nebulisation and was more convenient, since it required less time and equipment. It was also well accepted by the small patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Natal, Durban.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Wesley
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paruk
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Broughton
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gouws
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D001986:Bronchial Spasm / Q000188:drug therapy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D011897:Random Allocation; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D009241:Ipratropium