title: Comparison of basal and prandial insulin therapy in patients with secondary failure of sulphonylurea therapy.
abstract: A group of 35 normal weight patients with secondary failure of sulphonylurea therapy (fasting plasma glucose greater than 8.0 mmol l-1 on maximal dose of sulphonylurea) were randomly assigned to receive either a single injection of a basal insulin supplement (human ultralente insulin, n = 16) or three or four injections of a preprandial insulin supplement (human unmodified insulin, n = 19). Patients performed self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose and adjusted their insulin doses in an effort to achieve fasting and preprandial capillary glucose concentrations of less than 7.0 mmol l-1. Blood glucose control after 16 weeks of insulin therapy was improved to a similar extent by both regimens (HbA1 basal insulin group 12.5 +/- 1.2 (+/- SD) falling to 10.7 +/- 2.2%; preprandial group 12.0 +/- 1.6 falling to 9.5 +/- 1.6%). Preprandial insulin gave better control of daytime blood glucose levels but fasting plasma glucose did not differ between the two regimens (basal group 10.6 +/- 3.6, preprandial group 11.1 +/- 3.6 mmol l-1). Insulin dose was greater in the preprandial group (44.1 +/- 17.9 U day-1) than in the basal group (26.7 +/- 12.5 U day-1 (p less than 0.005), but there was no difference in the frequency or severity of hypoglycaemia between the two treatments. Only the preprandial therapy group showed significant weight gain (2.7 +/- 3.0 kg). While both regimens led to improvement of blood glucose control, these results suggest that neither basal nor preprandial insulin alone can achieve ideal blood glucose control through 24 h in patients with fairly severe failure of control on sulphonylurea therapy.
authors.affiliation: Diabetic Clinic, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Paterson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kesson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buchan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Reith
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Davidson
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; C023501:Insulin, Ultratard