title: Tissue reaction to endodontic materials: methods, criteria, assessment, and observations.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop methods and criteria for the testing of the biocompatibility of endodontic materials. One hundred twenty-one teeth from 12 baboons (Papio anubis) were used to test three sealers: AH26, Kerr pulp canal sealer, and Kloroperka N.O. Gutta-percha cones were used as solid core in all cases. Under disinfected conditions, access preparation was performed, and with working length approximately 1.0 mm short of the foramen, the instrumentation of the root canal was started, using sodium hypochlorite (1%) for irrigation. After the root canals were cleaned and shaped, they were obturated with gutta-percha cones and the sealer, and by lateral condensation technique. Histologic periapical reactions were evaluated at 1, 7, 30, 365, 730, and 1095 days. The methods and criteria used were adequate for ranking of the biocompatibility of the tested materials in the short and long periods. At short observation periods (1 to 7 days) AH26 caused severe reactions, and Kerr pulp canal sealer and Kloroperka N.O., moderate and mild reactions, respectively. At 2- and 3-year observation periods the ranking was AH26, mild; Kerr pulp canal sealer, moderate; and Kloropercha N.O., severe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Pascon
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Leonardo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Safavi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Langeland
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001453:Balsams / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001729:Bismuth / Q000494:pharmacology; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000494:pharmacology; D008422:Materials Testing; D008709:Methenamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010215:Papio; D010486:Periapical Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001453:Balsams; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003188:Composite Resins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012834:Silver; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C028044:epoxy resin AH-26; C029585:Kloroperka; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D014025:Titanium; D008709:Methenamine; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D001729:Bismuth