title: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal anomalies during the second trimester of pregnancy: their characterization and delineation of defects in pregnancies at risk.
abstract: During a follow-up study of 19,790 pregnancies at risk for a genetic disease, from 1968 to 1989, 1083 fetuses were found to have an anomaly during the second trimester, leading to 977 terminations of pregnancy. Neural tube defects (31.4 per cent), chromosomal disorders (27.1 per cent), and Mendelian or multifactorial diseases (10.6 per cent) were the main causes of fetal anomaly. More than half (52.9 per cent) of the fetal anomalies were detected by routine ultrasound examination. Forty-two per cent of cystic hygromas were secondary to a chromosomal defect. We stress the importance of a comprehensive fetal and newborn examination to ensure an accurate diagnosis so that subsequently accurate counselling can be provided.
authors.affiliation: Service of Medical Genetics, Ste-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dallaire
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Melancon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Potier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boisvert
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities; D000649:Amniocentesis; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004065:Digestive System Abnormalities; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008202:Lymphangioma / Q000175:diagnosis; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D012306:Risk; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities