title: [Extension of the transmission area of kala-azar caused by Leishmania infantum (Nicolle 1908) to the center and south of Tunisia].
abstract: Seventeen (17) parasitologically confirmed cases of infantile kala azar (KA) are reported from 1982 to 1991 in Tunisia, in areas (Gouvernorates of Sidi Bouzid, Kasserine, Sfax, Gafsa and Tozeur) where the disease has never (or exceptionally) been reported before. This tendency to the extension of the KA areas from Northern Tunisia to the Central and Southern parts could be explained by the ecological modifications that occurred in these zones following agriculture development programs that included an important increase of water resources (wells, dams etc...). These modifications probably contributed to the enhancement of the Leishmania infantum vector population densities making it possible for transmission cycles to be implemented and maintained in these areas; the parasite could have been brought with dogs from the North of the country.
authors.affiliation: Département de Parasitologie, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Tunisie.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayadi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ben Ismail
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ben Rachid
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004199:Disease Vectors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D014416:Tunisia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014881:Water Supply
vernacular_title: Extension de l'aire de transmission du kala azar à Leishmania infantum (Nicolle 1908) vers le centre et le sud de la Tunisie.