Purification and characterization of scatter factor.
Scatter factor is a fibroblast-derived protein which disrupts and scatters epithelial colonies and enhances the local movement of individual epithelial and endothelial cells. The factor purified from mouse fibroblasts by cation-exchange and reverse phase chromatography is a dimer of 57 kD and 30 kD protein subunits (A and B subunits), is active at picomolar concentrations and requires intact intra- and/or inter-chain disulphide bonds for activity. In serum-free conditioned medium the factor is highly aggregated but in the presence of high-salt buffers or protein denaturants elutes from gel filtration columns with an apparent Mr of approximately 50 kD. From a combination of molecular sieving and ultracentrifugation studies, a calculated Mr of 61.4 kD is obtained for native mouse scatter factor, a value which agrees well with the Mr estimates obtained by SDS-PAGE (62-67 kD). Mouse fibroblast scatter factor is a heparin-binding, basic protein (pI 8.5-9.5) which contains N-linked carbohydrates which are not, however, essential for activity. The factor has no metallo- or serine protease activity and there is no evidence so far that its junctional-breaking activity involves proteolytic cleavage of surface molecules on target cells. Scatter factor is either identical or closely related to hepatocyte growth factor/hepatopoietin A (a potent mitogen for rat hepatocytes recently purified from human and rabbit serum and rat platelets). The factor is thus an effector of mesenchymal-epithelial interactions which affects the movement or the growth of different epithelia.
Gherardi
E
E
Department of Medicine, Cambridge University, Addenbroke's Hospital, England.
Coffer
A
A
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000502:physiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D006801:Humans; D008970:Molecular Weight
D016207:Cytokines; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor