title: Effect of long-acting progestagen-only injectable contraceptives on carbohydrate metabolism and its hormonal profile.
abstract: Two groups, each composed of 20 women, who used depomedroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) or norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) injectable contraceptives were investigated for changes in 75-g OGTT and in the fasting and two-hour post oral glucose load (2-hours) levels of serum insulin, growth hormone, glucagon, cortisol and blood pyruvate. Samples were taken before and 3, 6 and 12 months after use of injectables. DMPA and NET-EN caused significant changes in mean blood glucose and pyruvate and in mean serum insulin, growth hormone and glucagon, but not in mean fasting cortisol. Changes with NET-EN started after 3 months, became maximal after 6 months and reverted to normal after 12 months of use, due to more frequent administration during the first 6 months of use (every 60 +/- 5 days) and to more spacing of the injections (every 84 +/- 5 days) after that. Changes with DMPA started after 3 months, and increased with the duration of use to become maximal after 12 months. Maximal changes were similar with DMPA and NET-EN and consisted of: a significant increase in fasting blood glucose and pyruvate and serum insulin; a significant increase in 2-hour blood glucose and pyruvate, serum insulin, growth hormone and glucagon. Although significant changes in blood glucose levels occurred with both DMPA and NET-EN, yet they did not reach the lower cut-off levels for impaired glucose tolerance in any user. With the same spacing of injections, i.e. every 84 +/- 5 days for NET-EN and every 90 +/- 5 days for DMPA, the effects on various parameters studied were less with NET-EN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fahmy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdel-Razik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shaaraway
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: al-Kholy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagdi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: al-Azzony
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000592:standards; D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000592:standards; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000592:standards; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; D009640:Norethindrone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000592:standards; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000097:blood*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D007328:Insulin; D011773:Pyruvates; D013006:Growth Hormone; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone; C024319:norethindrone enanthate; D009640:Norethindrone; D006854:Hydrocortisone