title: Duplication of leader sequence for protein targeting to mitochondria leads to increased import efficiency.
abstract: We describe a novel method for enhancing protein import into mitochondria, by tandemly duplicating the N-terminal cleavable leader peptide using a gene manipulation strategy. The import into isolated yeast mitochondria of passenger proteins (yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase subunits 8 and 9 and some mutagenised derivatives) that show little or no import when endowed with one such leader (that of Neurospora crassa mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit 9) is remarkably improved when the leader is tandemly duplicated. The import of these chimaeric proteins bearing a double leader is so rapid that a series of partially processed precursor intermediates accumulates inside the mitochondria before the final proteolytic release of leader sequences from the passenger proteins. It is considered that the duplicated leader greatly accelerates delivery of the import precursors to outer membrane receptor elements and the associated translocation systems, thereby enhancing precursor uptake into mitochondria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galanis
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Devenish
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nagley
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism*; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals / Q000378:metabolism*; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases