title: Promoter analysis of genes that are coordinately expressed during pollen development reveals pollen-specific enhancer sequences and shared regulatory elements.
abstract: We have investigated the functional organization and properties of cis regulatory elements in the promoter regions of two genes from tomato (LAT52 and LAT59) that are preferentially and coordinately expressed during pollen maturation. Promoter deletion analysis in transgenic plants demonstrated that only minimal (less than 200 bp) promoter proximal regions are required for developmentally regulated expression in pollen and in specific cell types of the sporophyte. Cis-acting regulatory regions of these two promoters and of a third pollen-expressed promoter (LAT56) were characterized in detail using a transient expression assay. We identified two upstream activator regions in the LAT52 promoter and further showed that a 19-bp segment from one of those regions enhanced expression of the heterologous CaMV35S promoter in pollen. Similarities in sequence between crucial cis elements provide evidence that shared regulatory elements are involved in the coordinate expression of the LAT genes during microsporogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Plant Gene Expression Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service-University of California-Berkeley, Albany 94710.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Twell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wing
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ushiba
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McCormick
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D015870:Gene Expression; D017343:Genes, Plant; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics*; D011058:Pollen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid