title: [ACE inhibition: mechanisms of "cardioprotection" in acute myocardial ischemia].
abstract: Local inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, kininase II) produces both-attenuation of angiotensin II generation and of bradykinin degradation. To delineate the participation of bradykinin in the cardioprotective actions of ACE inhibitors, experiments were performed in rats and dogs with cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injuries. In isolated perfused working rat hearts with regional myocardial ischemia, bradykinin in concentrations as low as 1 x 10(-9) M increases coronary flow and reduces the incidence and duration of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation. In addition, enzyme activities of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase as well as lactate output were decreased in the venous effluent of bradykinin-perfused hearts, which also showed improved cardiodynamic and metabolic parameters. Even concentrations of bradykinin lower than 1 x 10(-10) M, which were without influence on coronary flow, exerted comparable beneficial metabolic effects connected with reduced incidence and duration of ventricular fibrillation. Combined perfusions with threshold concentrations of bradykinin (1 x 10(-12) M) and the ACE inhibitor ramiprilat (2,58 x 10(-9) M), which were ineffective given alone, resulted in a marked cardioprotective effect. Perfusion with angiotensin II (1 x 10(-9) M) aggravated reperfusion arrhythmias and worsened myocardial metabolism. Bradykinin perfusion prevented this deterioration in a concentration-dependent manner. The bradykinin antagonist D-Arg-[Hyp2, Thi5,8, D-Phe7]-bradykinin (1 x 10(-5)) completely abolished the cardioprotective effects of bradykinin or the ACE inhibitor. However, higher concentrations of bradykinin (1 x 10(-7) M) or ramiprilat (2,58 x 10(-5) M) reversed these properties of the bradykinin antagonist.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/Main.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Schölkens
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Linz
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology; D017257:Ramipril / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D051381:Rats; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D011758:Pyrroles; C052549:ramiprilat; D017257:Ramipril; D001920:Bradykinin
vernacular_title: ACE-Hemmung: Mechanismen einer "Kardioprotektion" bei akuter Myokardischämie.