title: Reflotron cholesterol measurements in 1112 Australian children aged 10-12 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the distribution of blood cholesterol concentration in a sample of Western Australian schoolchildren.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Reflotron dry-chemistry system (Boehringer Mannheim, Germany) was used to measure cholesterol in finger-prick blood samples obtained from Year 6 children aged 10-12 years attending government schools in metropolitan Perth. Recruitment methods ensured that children from different socioeconomic strata were represented.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the 1239 children enrolled in Year 6 in 30 government schools, parental consent to participate was obtained for 1144; of these cholesterol concentration was measured in 1112.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The measurement method proved practicable and was generally well accepted. Cholesterol levels were somewhat lower than those obtained using a laboratory reference method and a bias, relative to national quality assurance standards, was estimated to be -0.32 mmol/L. Mean cholesterol level in boys (4.28 mmol/L, SD 0.69) was not significantly different from that in girls (4.35 mmol/L, SD 0.72). Allowing for measurement bias, 52% of boys and 57% of girls had cholesterol levels exceeding the National Heart Foundation's designated "desirable" level of 4.5 mmol/L for children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distribution of cholesterol levels in Australian children compares unfavourably with distributions in children in countries with low rates of cardiovascular disease and indicates a need for widespread, appropriate diet and lifestyle changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Jenner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dunbar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vandongen
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Beilin
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D011786:Quality Control
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol