title: [Effects of cefixime and cefaclor on pharyngeal flora in children].
abstract: Influences of cefixime and cefaclor, oral antibiotics, were studied in 50 children (age range, 11 months to 13 years) with pharyngitis. Daily doses of cefixime were 6 to 10 mg/kg in 25 children and those of cefaclor were 40 to 50 mg/kg in 25 children. Pharyngeal swabs were taken before and after 3 to 7 days of the antibiotic treatment. Pathogenic organisms, such as Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, were isolated in 14 children before and in 1 child after cefixime use. But these bacteria were isolated in 15 children before and in 9 children, and 3 strains of H. influenzae and 3 strains of S. pneumoniae were newly isolated after cefaclor use. An isolation rate of Gram-negative bacilli, such as Acinetobacter spp., were increased after use of cefixime. In both antibiotics, isolation rates of yeasts were slightly increased. An isolation rate of alpha-hemolytic streptococci was increased from 16% to 48% by cefixime treatment and from 24% to 52% by cefaclor treatment. The MIC50 of cefixime and cefaclor against alpha-hemolytic streptococci isolated after treatment was higher than that isolated before. Effects of cefixime and cefaclor was less extensive than that of ampicillin in previous reports.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Kosei Hospital.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maruyama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002433:Cefaclor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020682:Cefixime; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D010614:Pharynx / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D002433:Cefaclor; D020682:Cefixime; D002439:Cefotaxime