title: Treatment of malignant midgut carcinoid tumours with a long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide.
abstract: Treatment with the somatostatin analogue octreotide, SMS 201-995 (Sandostatin), has been carried out in a series of 23 patients with malignant midgut carcinoid tumours. The patients received initially 50 micrograms twice a day for six months, thereafter a median of 100 micrograms twice daily. Six of 22 evaluable patients (28%) showed objective tumour response lasting for 6 to 30 months. Stable disease was observed in 8 of the 22 patients (36%) and progressive disease in a further 8 patients (36%). A subjective response with decrease of diarrhoea or flushing was noted in 11 out of 22 patients (50%). Two out of 6 patients with objective response demonstrated a significant decrease of tumour size lasting for 6 and 30 months respectively. In order to maintain the clinical response, the dose had to be increased in all 6 responders. The adverse effects included development of diabetic blood glucose levels in 8 out of 22 patients (36%). Albumin-modified serum calcium levels were significantly reduced after treatment with octreotide 50 micrograms twice a day. One patient developed symptoms of hypocalcemia which was reversed by supplementation with calcium and D-vitamins. The somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 has a beneficial effect in the treatment of patients with the carcinoid syndrome. However, the precise role of the drug in the long-term management of these patients has to be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oberg
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Norheim
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Theodorsson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007078:Ileal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007580:Jejunal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015282:Octreotide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D015282:Octreotide