title: Stereoselectivity of (R)- and (S)-hexahydro-difenidol binding to neuroblastoma M1, cardiac M2, pancreatic M3, and striatum M4 muscarinic receptors.
abstract: (R)-Hexahydro-difenidol has a higher affinity for M1 receptors in NB-OK 1 cells, pancreas M3 and striatum M4 receptors (pKi 7.9 to 8.3) than for cardiac M2 receptors (pKi 7.0). (S)-Hexahydro-difenidol, by contrast, is nonselective (pKi 5.8 to 6.1). Our goal in the present study was to evaluate the importance of the hydrophobic phenyl, and cyclohexyl rings of hexahydro-difenidol for the stereoselectivity and receptor selectivity of hexahydro-difenidol binding to the four muscarinic receptors. Our results indicated that replacement of the phenyl ring of hexahydro-difenidol by a cyclohexyl group (----dicyclidol) and of the cyclohexyl ring by a phenyl moiety (----difenidol) induced a large (4- to 80-fold) decrease in binding affinity for all muscarinic receptors. Difenidol had a significant preference for M1, M3, and M4 over M2 receptors; dicyclidol, by contrast, had a greater affinity for M1 and M4 than for M2 and M3 receptors. The binding free energy decrease due to replacement of the phenyl and the cyclohexyl groups of (R)-hexahydro-difenidol by, respectively, a cyclohexyl and a phenyl moiety was almost additive in the case of M4 (striatum) binding sites. In the case of the cardiac M2, pancreatic M3, or NB-OK 1 M1 receptors the respective binding free energies were not completely additive. These results suggest that the four (R)-hexahydro-difenidol "binding moieties" (phenyl, cyclohexyl, hydroxy, and protonated amino group) cannot simultaneously form optimal interactions with the M1, M2, and M3 muscarinic receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Medical School, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waelbroeck
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Camus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tastenoy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mutschler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Strohmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tacke
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lambrecht
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Christophe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D010880:Piperidines; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; C070159:dicyclidol; C060685:hexahydrodifenidol; C004858:diphenidol