title: Twice daily intramuscular imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections.
abstract: One hundred and two patients were enrolled in an open-label evaluation of intramuscular imipenem/cilastatin using doses of either 500 or 750 mg every 12 h in the treatment of mild to moderately severe skin and soft tissue infections. Seventy-four of 102 patients were clinically evaluable. Thirty-one patients had abscesses, 20 had cellulitis and 23 had wound infections. One hundred seventy-eight isolates were recovered from these 74 patients (average 2.4 isolates/patient). Sixty of 74 evaluable patients (82%) were cured; 12 of 74 (16%) were improved. Two patients failed to improve. Therapy was well tolerated. Adverse effects occurred in 8 patients. All of these effects were minor, and none required discontinuation of therapy. Eighty-two percent of patients reported no pain with injections. Therapy did not need to be interrupted or discontinued in the remaining 18% of patients reporting moderate local pain with injections. Peak and trough serum imipenem levels were measured in 15 patients receiving a 500-mg intramuscular dose of imipenem/cilastatin. The mean peak imipenem concentration in 15 patients was 10.7 micrograms/ml (range 3.3-17.8); the mean trough concentration was 2.1 micrograms/ml (range 0.8-4.9). The trough levels were higher than those found in healthy volunteers and may reflect the age and mild renal dysfunction in this group of treated patients. Imipenem/cilastatin used for mild or moderate skin and soft tissue infections was both efficacious and well tolerated. Intramuscular therapy with this agent offers advantages over intravenous therapy because of its long apparent half-life and pharmacokinetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sexton
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Wlodaver
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Tobey
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Yangco
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Graziani
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: MacGregor
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002481:Cellulitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015377:Cilastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077728:Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D012874:Skin Diseases, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D015377:Cilastatin; D015378:Imipenem; D000077728:Cilastatin, Imipenem Drug Combination