title: Enamel softening with Coca-Cola and rehardening with milk or saliva.
abstract: Rehardening effects by cow's milk and by secreted saliva were investigated, in situ, following softening of human enamel with an acidic beverage (Coca-Cola). Volunteers wearing orthodontic removable appliances participated in the study. The intra-oral test was chosen for measuring microhardness of enamel slabs inserted into the dental appliance. The softening and the rehardening degrees were defined as the alterations between initial- and experimental-microhardness value at the enamel surface. In addition, SEM photos were prepared from the initial and experimental stages. Exposure of enamel slabs to the acidic beverage during 1 hour had a softening effect as expressed by the hardness decrease and visualized by the SEM photo. Rehardening effects following milk or saliva exposures respectively were evident, presumably due to deposited organic and mineral material on the enamel surface.
authors.affiliation: Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gedalia
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dakuar
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shapira
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lewinstein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goultschin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rahamim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002951:Citrates / Q000009:adverse effects; D019343:Citric Acid; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008892:Milk; D012463:Saliva / Q000502:physiology*; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D019343:Citric Acid