title: Lead exposure at uncovered outdoor firing ranges.
abstract: Excessive lead exposure in shooting instructors at indoor firing ranges and covered outdoor firing ranges has been documented. The City of Los Angeles assessed exposure of its full-time shooting instructors at uncovered outdoor ranges via air monitoring and blood lead-level measurements. Results of these tests revealed that significant lead exposure and absorption can occur at outdoor firing ranges. The use of copper-jacketed ammunition may decrease air lead levels and decrease lead absorption by range instructors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: London
mesh_terms: D000388:Air / Q000032:analysis; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D005389:Firearms; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D015141:Los Angeles; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D014691:Ventilation
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D007854:Lead