title: Complex regulation of TGF beta expression by retinoic acid in the vitamin A-deficient rat.
abstract: We report the results of a histochemical study, using polyclonal antipeptide antibodies to the different TGF beta isoforms, which demonstrates that retinoic acid regulates the expression of TGF beta 2 in the vitamin A-deficient rat. Basal expression of TGF beta 2 diminished under conditions of vitamin A deficiency. Treatment with retinoic acid caused a rapid and transient induction of TGF beta 2 and TGF beta 3 in the epidermis, tracheobronchial and alveolar epithelium, and intestinal mucosa. Induction of TGF beta 1 expression was also observed in the epidermis. In contrast to these epithelia, expression of the three TGF beta isoforms increased in vaginal epithelium during vitamin A deficiency, and decreased following systemic administration of retinoic acid. Our results show for the first time the widespread regulation of TGF beta expression by retinoic acid in vivo, and suggest a possible mechanism by which retinoics regulate the functions of both normal and pre-neoplastic epithelia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemoprevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Glick
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: McCune
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdulkarem
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Flanders
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lumadue
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Sporn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000378:metabolism; D014802:Vitamin A Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014212:Tretinoin