title: Periaqueductal gray matter and nucleus raphe magnus involvement in anterior pretectal nucleus-induced inhibition of jaw-opening reflex in rats.
abstract: In previous studies we have shown that electrical stimulation of the cortex or anterior pretectal nucleus (APT) inhibits the jaw-opening reflex (JOR). In the present study we investigated whether these effects are mediated by a relay in the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) or rostroventromedial medulla (RVM). Experiments were performed on chloralose-urethane anesthetized rats. The JOR which was elicited by electrical stimulation of the mandibular incisor tooth was monitored by recording the evoked digastric muscle activity. Conditioning stimulation (20 ms train of 0.2 ms pulses at 400 Hz) was delivered to the facial area of the sensorimotor cortex, APT, PAG or nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) 50 ms prior to the test stimulus to the tooth that evoked the JOR. In addition, the effects of microinjections of glutamate into APT, PAG and NRM on the tooth-evoked JOR were also evaluated. The inhibition of the JOR by electrical and glutamate conditioning stimulation was found to be most potent for activation of the NRM and least potent for the APT. Local anesthetic (2% lidocaine, 0.3-0.6 microliters) block of the PAG could partially, significantly (P less than 0.05) and reversibly reduce both the APT and cortical-induced depression of the JOR. Lidocaine block of the ventromedial pons reversibly reduced the PAG, APT and cortical-induced inhibition of the JOR (P less than 0.05). Lidocaine block of the lateral RVM had powerfully (P less than 0.01) and reversibly reduced the PAG-induced inhibition, but had only a small effect (P less than 0.05) on the APT-induced inhibition and no significant effect on the cortical-induced inhibition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ont. Canada.
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Dostrovsky
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Sessle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D007568:Jaw / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008845:Microinjections; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D010487:Periaqueductal Gray / Q000502:physiology*; D011149:Pons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011903:Raphe Nuclei / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects; D012970:Sodium Glutamate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine; D012970:Sodium Glutamate