title: [Clinical studies on the risk of aspiration pneumonitis with respect to gastric pH and volume--effects of age, induction time, H2-blocker and anesthetic technique].
abstract: The age-related risk of aspiration pneumonitis was studied by measuring gastric pH and volume in patients undergoing elective surgery. Control group (without administration of H2-blocker) showed the greatest risk in 12-19 yr sub-group, and the risk decreased with age. Famotidine (H2-blocker) was very useful for premedication in patients of all ages, though slightly uncertain in 12-19 yr sub-group. In 12-19 yr sub-group, the proportion of patients with gastric fluid volume greater than or equal to 0.4 ml.kg-1 was significantly greater in PM group (induction of anesthesia in the afternoon) than AM group (in the morning). Furthermore, the effects of anesthetic technique on gastric pH were examined. Gastric pH increased significantly during N2O-O2-halothane and N2O-O2-enflurane anesthesia; while during N2O-O2-epidural and N2O-O2-fentanyl anesthesia, gastric pH was unchanged significantly and stayed low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015738:Famotidine; D005750:Gastric Juice; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration / Q000209:etiology*; D011292:Premedication; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015738:Famotidine