title: A regimen of surgical adjuvant immunotherapy for cancer with interleukin 2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells. Basis, clinical toxicity, and immunomodulatory effects.
abstract: We designed a unique regimen of adoptive immunotherapy with lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) for application with surgical adjuvant therapy of cancer. The regimen features the prolonged (6 consecutive days) s.c. administration of low-dose rIL-2 and the transfer of ex vivo generated LAK cells from regional lymph node lymphocytes, obtained at the time of surgical operation. According to this regimen, 5 patients with primary lung cancer received immunotherapy about 2 weeks after surgery (pulmonary lobectomy). Clinical toxicities included fever(5/5), fatigue(5/5), slight(less than 5%) weight gain(5/5), increase of pleural effusion at the lobectomy site(2/5), and edema formation(1/5). All toxicities reversed within 4 days after the completion of therapy. Rebound lymphocytosis after therapy ranged from 2.4 to 5.5-fold (mean, 4.3-fold) over the baseline. Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained during this lymphocytosis exhibited in vitro LAK activity in 4 of 5 patients. Thus, the regimen is considered to be well-tolerable and immunologically active in regard to the postoperative state of the patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasumoto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimachi
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003470:Culture Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015979:Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D003470:Culture Media; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins