title: In vitro evaluation of GR69153, a novel catechol-substituted cephalosporin.
abstract: GR69153 is a C-7 catechol cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (MICs for 50% of strains tested [MIC50s], 0.008 to 0.5 micrograms/ml), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC50, 4 micrograms/ml), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC50, 0.25 micrograms/ml), Haemophilus influenzae (MIC50, 0.03 micrograms/ml), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (MIC50, 0.03 micrograms/ml), and Acinetobacter spp. (MIC50, 2 micrograms/ml). Potent GR69153 activity was also demonstrated against Moraxella catarrhalis, pneumococci, beta-hemolytic streptococci, gram-positive anaerobes, and most species of coagulase-negative staphylococci. The activity of GR69153 was generally two- to fourfold greater than that of ceftazidime. Resistance level GR69153 MICs for 90% of strains tested (greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml) were found most often among Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter spp. and Morganella morganii strains. GR69153 did not significantly inhibit enterococci, Xanthomonas maltophilia, the Bacteroides fragilis group, Corynebacterium jeikeium, or Listeria monocytogenes. GR69153 was bactericidal and was generally beta-lactamase stable, and MICs were only slightly increased by high inoculum concentrations. Activity was enhanced in an iron-deficient medium, and a modest MIC difference attributed to iron availability was noted between standard agar and broth test results. GR69153 was confirmed to be a potent, catechol-substituted cephalosporin with a spectrum slightly wider than that of ceftazidime, but it was less active than cefpirome or imipenem against some gram-positive pathogens and anaerobes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Erwin
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000494:pharmacology; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003470:Culture Media; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D015378:Imipenem / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010957:Plasmids; D000097572:Cefpirome
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D002442:Ceftazidime; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D002511:Cephalosporins; D003470:Culture Media; D015378:Imipenem; D000097572:Cefpirome; C066944:GR 69153