title: Smoking, the oral contraceptive pill, and Crohn's disease.
abstract: Both cigarette smoking and the oral contraceptive pill have been implicated as aggravating factors in Crohn's disease. Based upon the recent demonstration of multifocal gastrointestinal infarction in Crohn's disease, a possible pathogenic mechanism for this condition, we propose how smoking and the oral contraceptive pill may potentiate a tendency for focal thrombosis and hence exacerbate the activity of Crohn's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, England.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wakefield
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sawyerr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Dhillon
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Pounder
mesh_terms: D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral