title: [The skeletal changes in premature infants with a copper deficiency].
abstract: We describe 5 preterm infants (25th to 30th week of gestation) suffering from alimentary copper deficiency. The diagnosis was confirmed by low serum copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations. Characteristic clinical findings were repeated apnoeic attacks, hypopigmentation of skin and hair, anaemia, neutropenia and leucopenia refractory to other therapy, as well as increasing serum alkaline phosphatase activity in the first month of life. Starting in the 3rd to 12th week of life the radiographic findings were general skeletal osteoporosis and retardation, metaphyseal radiodense lines, irregular metaphyses, cupping and spurring of the metaphyses, followed by multiple fractures and subperiosteal new bone formation and enlarged costochondral junctions. Copper was substituted orally resulting in complete healing of fractures and improvement in both clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters.
authors.affiliation: Kinderklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herwig
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Greinacher
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003300:Copper / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000172:deficiency*; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D011783:Quadruplets; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D003300:Copper; C029892:cupric chloride
vernacular_title: Skelettveränderungen bei Frühgeborenen mit Kupfermangel.