The association of oral contraception with kidney cancer, colon cancer, gallbladder cancer (including extrahepatic bile duct cancer) and pituitary tumours.
This paper reviews the evidence for a relationship between oral contraceptive use and certain neoplasms: cancers of the kidney, colon and gallbladder (including the extrahepatic bile ducts) and tumours (benign or malignant) of the pituitary. Special reference is made to controlled epidemiological studies, both case-control and cohort. There is no convincing evidence that oral contraceptive use is causally related, either negatively or positively, to any of the tumours studied.
Milne
R
R
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, England.
Vessey
M
M
D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
D003276:Contraceptives, Oral