T and B cell human responses to European bat lyssavirus after post-exposure rabies vaccination.
T and B cell human responses to European bat lyssavirus (EBL1) induced by post-exposure rabies vaccination (PM virus vaccine) were evaluated by measuring plasmatic titres of EBL1-specific neutralizing antibodies; specific EBL1-binding antibodies; and proliferation indices of peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with EBL1. These parameters for vaccination efficacy were compared with those obtained with vaccine-related viruses (CVS and ERA) and with a non-vaccine-related virus. Mokola virus, the last implicated in vaccination failures. Twenty-two patients exposed to rabies risk who received a reduced rabies post-exposure vaccination were involved in the study. On day 21, vaccine induced CVS-specific neutralizing antibodies in all patients; but EBL1-specific neutralizing antibodies were induced in only 73% of patients. No vaccine had Mokola-specific neutralizing antibodies. Patients having EBL1-specific neutralizing antibodies were usually those in whom vaccination induced high titres of CVS-specific neutralizing antibodies. On day 21, peripheral blood lymphocytes of 86% of patients could be restimulated in vitro with vaccine, 43% with EBL1 and 45% with Mokola. Patients exhibiting a high vaccine-specific proliferation response more likely developed an EBL1- or a Mokola-specific proliferative response. No correlation was found between T and B cell responses. Rabies vaccination induced neither T nor B cell EBL1-specific responses in 22% of patients.
Herzog
M
M
Unité de la Rage, Hôpital Pasteur, Paris, France.
Fritzell
C
C
Lafage
M
M
Montaño Hirose
J A
JA
Scott-Algara
D
D
Lafon
M
M
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011819:Rabies Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012209:Rhabdoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D011819:Rabies Vaccines