title: Acute haemodynamic effects of carvedilol in essential hypertension at rest and during exercise.
abstract: The acute haemodynamic effect of carvedilol, a new non-selective beta-receptor blocker with vasodilating effect, was examined at rest supine and sitting and during 100 W bicycle exercise in 18 patients (mean age 44 years) with essential hypertension. Intra-arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded continuously. Cardiac output was measured by dye dilution (Cardiogreen). Two h after the first oral dose (12.5-25 mg) of carvedilol, blood pressure was reduced in all patients sitting at rest, from 176/110 to 153/101 mmHg (P less than 0.001), associated with a reduction in cardiac index (16%; P less than 0.001) while total peripheral resistance remained unchanged or was slightly reduced. When sitting up after 2 h supine rest two patients had hypotensive reactions (excessive blood pressure drop; cold, pale, sweating skin) which disappeared after lying down with elevation of the legs and light physical exercise. The fall in cardiac index was due to reduction both in heart rate (8%, P less than 0.001) and stroke index (9%; P less than 0.01). During exercise the reduction in cardiac output was less (6%; P less than 0.05) while a clear reduction (6%; P less than 0.01) was seen in total peripheral resistance. This acute haemodynamic response is different from that seen immediately after conventional beta-blockers when total peripheral resistance always increases.
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Haukeland Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Omvik
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lund-Johansen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002227:Carbazoles; D011412:Propanolamines; D000077261:Carvedilol