title: Factors controlling the intracellular concentration of calcium and the spontaneous activity of the ureter.
abstract: The role of the electrogenic Na(+)-Ca(2+)-exchange mechanism in regulating the spike activity of the ureter was studied. The ureter cells were shown to be capable of generating action potentials (AP) in sodium-free Krebs solution. The time during which the spikes are generated is in exponential dependence on the concentration of calcium ions in the medium, [Ca2+]o within 2.5 to 15 mmol/l. Simultaneously with the generation of the spikes, accumulation of calcium in the muscles is observed, proportional to the increase of [Ca2+]o. The addition of as little as 20 mmol/l Na+ or Li+ ions into the solution restores the prolonged electrical activity of the ureter. Under these conditions, the decrease of intracellular Ca2+ within 5 min was more than two times larger as compared with that in sodium-free medium. Upon substituting Ba2+ ions for Ca2+ ions in Krebs solution AP are generated within an interval which was the longer the higher the Ba2+ concentration in the medium. Li+ ions can replace Na+ ions in maintaining AP and in extruding calcium from the cell. It is supposed that the generation of the stable spike activity of the ureter depends on the functioning of Na(+)-Ca(2+)-exchange mechanism.
authors.affiliation: L. A. Orbeli Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Arm. SSR.
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Kazarian
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Hovhannissian
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gevorkian
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Martirosov
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007474:Ion Exchange; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014513:Ureter / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium