title: Surgical aspects of urolithiasis in children.
abstract: Operative management of renal calculi has changed radically in the last decade. New operative techniques, the use of intra-operative ultrasound and Doppler sonography have even made possible the removal of complete staghorn calculi in short and kidney-preserving procedures. The introduction of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and stone extraction using a specially designed ureteroscope and, above all, the clinical application of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy have made stone surgery less invasive and have provided a higher rate of preservation of kidney function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Medical School, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: el-Damanhoury
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bürger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hohenfellner
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000628:therapy; D008096:Lithotripsy; D011300:Preoperative Care; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy