title: Area ratio effects on metal ion release from amalgam in contact with gold.
abstract: The effect of area ratio, chloride concentration and brushing on amalgam in contact with gold was studied by measuring the amounts of elements released in the electrolyte. A type III gold alloy was stored for 4 months in contact with a conventional amalgam, area relations 6/1 and 6/3, in an electrolyte containing 85 mM NaCl with 10 mM phosphate buffer. A specimen with area relation 6/1 was also stored in a 10 mM NaCl solution with 10 mM phosphate buffer. The solutions were renewed each month and analyzed for Cu, Zn, Sn, Hg, and Ag in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Cross-sections of the amalgams were studied in a scanning electron microscope. The tendency for Sn and Cu to be released from the amalgam was greater than for the other elements. The Sn-release probably mainly originated from surface corrosion and Cu-release from subsurface corrosion. A stronger galvanic influence enhanced only the release of Cu, and to a less extent Zn. The subsurface corrosion of the amalgam and increasing release of Cu was, in contrast to the other elements, largely dependent on a high chloride concentration in the electrolyte. Light brushing of the specimens had no effect on the amounts of elements released.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Moberg
mesh_terms: D002712:Chlorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D003343:Corrosion; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry*; D004058:Diffusion; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006047:Gold Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D008628:Mercury / Q000737:chemistry; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014099:Toothbrushing; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D003722:Dental Alloys; D006047:Gold Alloys; D008670:Metals; D012834:Silver; D003300:Copper; D003723:Dental Amalgam; D008628:Mercury; D015032:Zinc