Effects of reviewing risk-relevant behavior on perceived vulnerability among women marines.
People generally underestimate their own vulnerability to negative events such as illness or accidents. It has been suggested that this illusion of "unique invulnerability" is due to selective focus on one's own risk-reducing behaviors, to the exclusion of others' risk-reducing behaviors and one's own risk-increasing behaviors. The current study examined the effects of reviewing sexual and contraceptive behavior on perceived vulnerability to unplanned pregnancy. Our results indicated that review of pregnancy-related behaviors decreased perceived vulnerability among two groups of subjects: those who considered unplanned pregnancy to be most undesirable and those who had the most confidence in the efficacy of their contraceptive behavior. The data also support the hypothesis that selective focus is a source of the illusion of invulnerability.
Gerrard
M
M
Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
Gibbons
F X
FX
Warner
T D
TD
D000328:Adult; D003268:Contraception Behavior; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008016:Life Change Events; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011275:Pregnancy, Unwanted / Q000523:psychology; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior