title: Civil war and the spread of AIDS in Central Africa.
abstract: Using ordinary least squares regression techniques this paper demonstrates, for the first time, that the classic association of war and disease substantially accounts for the presently observed geographical distribution of reported clinical AIDS cases in Uganda. Both the spread of HIV 1 infection in the 1980s, and the subsequent development of AIDS to its 1990 spatial pattern, are shown to be significantly and positively correlated with ethnic patterns of recruitment into the Ugandan National Liberation Army (UNLA) after the overthrow of Idi Amin some 10 years earlier in 1979. This correlation reflects the estimated mean incubation period of 8-10 years for HIV 1 and underlines the need for cognizance of historical factors which may have influenced current patterns of AIDS seen in Central Africa. The findings may have important implications for AIDS forecasting and control in African countries which have recently experienced war. The results are compared with parallel analyses of other HIV hypotheses advanced to account for the reported geographical distribution of AIDS in Uganda.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, England.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Smallman-Raynor
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Cliff
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008889:Military Personnel; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014171:Transients and Migrants; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population; D014857:Warfare