title: A retrospective analysis of the metabolic status of stone formers in the New York City metropolitan areas.
abstract: Eighty stone-forming patients were evaluated as outpatients for risk factors involved in stone formation. Analyses of the major stone risk parameters in the 24-hour collections indicated low volume (less than 2L) in about 79% of these patients. Forty percent of all patients were found to be hypocitraturic, 30% were hyperoxaluric, 18% were hypercalciuric, and 13% were hyperuricosuric. Sixty-one percent of the patients had a normal calcium load study; of these, four patients were uric acid stone formers. The remaining 39% of patients were classified as either absorptive hypercalciuric (16 patients), or fasting hypercalciuric with normal (12 patients) or elevated (3 patients) serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Of these 31 patients, 61% were not hypercalciuric on the basis of the 24-hour urine collections. The protocol provided a diagnosis in over 98% of patients. Low urinary volume was the only defect found in 5% of patients, while more than one risk factor was identified in 93%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn, NY.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schepers
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grunberger
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Godec
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000652:urine; D002951:Citrates / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000652:urine*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010070:Oxalates / Q000652:urine; D019815:Oxalic Acid; D012307:Risk Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000652:urine; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D010070:Oxalates; D014527:Uric Acid; D019815:Oxalic Acid; D002118:Calcium