title: The effect of endotoxin-contaminated medium on in vitro fertilization and development of bovine oocytes matured in vitro.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of bacterial endotoxin in the bovine serum albumin (BSA) used to supplement media utilized for sperm preparation and co-culture of bovine sperm and oocytes affects in vitro penetration and embryonic development of oocytes matured in vitro. The chromogenic limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) test was used for quantification of the content of endotoxin. The proportion of penetrated ova was significantly greater (P greater than 0.0005) for the endotoxin-contaminated group (89%) versus the non-contaminated group (61%), but this was probably not due to endotoxin contamination. The presence of endotoxin resulted in a high rate of polyspermy (27% versus 4%, respectively; P greater than 0.0005), while the occurrence of parthenogenetic activation was the same for each group (8%). The proportion of total embryos put into culture that developed to the blastocyst stage by day 8 was similar (30% and 26%) for the contaminated and non-contaminated group, respectively. Fifty-three and 69%, respectively, hatched on day 10. These results suggest that endotoxin induces polyspermy, but has no adverse effect on embryonic development.
authors.affiliation: Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Department of Reproduction, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Madison
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Greve
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Avery
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wamberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000196:embryology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000187:drug effects; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000187:drug effects*; D008033:Limulus Test; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D009866:Oogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010312:Parthenogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000032:analysis; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects*; D015053:Zygote / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004731:Endotoxins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine