title: Effect of cell wall skeleton and monophosphoryl lipid A adjuvant on the immunogenicity of a murine B16 melanoma vaccine.
abstract: We examined the effect of a new adjuvant consisting of purified mycobacterial cell wall skeleton (CWS) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) on the immunogenicity of a murine melanoma vaccine. C57BL/6 mice were immunized to partially purified B16 melanoma vaccine given alone or together with different dose levels of adjuvant, or with saline or adjuvant alone. Humoral response, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), in vitro cytotoxicity, and tumor-protective immunity to melanoma were measured following three biweekly immunizations. The adjuvant potentiated the antibody response to some, but not all, melanoma antigens in a dose-dependent fashion. The adjuvant also potentiated cellular immunity as measured by in vitro cytotoxicity assays. No potentiation of tumor-protective immunity was detected. In comparison to Freund's complete adjuvant, cell wall skeleton plus monophosphoryl lipid A (CWS:MPL) induced fewer cutaneous toxic effects and stronger antibody and DTH responses but resulted in no greater in vitro cytotoxicity or tumor-protective immunity. Thus, the adjuvant had a selective and dose-dependent effect on humoral responses to vaccine immunization but did not potentiate a tumor-protective immunity to B16 melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bystryn
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000494:pharmacology; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed; D008050:Lipid A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000276:immunology*; D012107:Research Design; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D008050:Lipid A; D014612:Vaccines; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; C048436:monophosphoryl lipid A