A bioinformational systems perspective on tobacco dependence.
Recent thinking about tobacco dependence has been influenced largely by a focus on the pharmacological effects of nicotine. We advocate a return to earlier views of dependence as comprising both pharmacological and non-pharmacological aspects. Moreover, we suggest that it may be profitable to reformulate research on dependence in terms of a bioinformational process model. The basic tenets of such a model are outlined, as are the challenges in exploring the nature of dependence simultaneously across the cognitive, physiological and behavioral domains of function.
Niaura
R
R
Miriam Hospital, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Providence, RI 02906.
Goldstein
M
M
Abrams
D
D
D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D009042:Motivation; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011603:Psychophysiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology
D009538:Nicotine