title: Role of oxygen-derived free radicals in myocardial edema and ischemia in coronary microvascular embolization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxygen-derived free radicals are thought to injure the ischemic heart during coronary microvascular embolization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To test this idea, microspheres (15 microns in diameter) were repetitively administered into the left anterior descending coronary artery to cause microvascular embolization in dogs. Myocardial contractile and metabolic dysfunctions were significantly attenuated after treatments with recombinant human superoxide dismutase, an acyl derivative of ascorbic acid (CV3611, 2-O-octadecylascorbic acid), and xanthine oxidase inhibitor (allopurinol). The free radical scavengers and inhibitor enhanced the coronary hyperemic flow response during embolization, and the total number of microspheres causing maximal embolization was increased by these drugs. When 8-phenyltheophylline was additionally administered with superoxide dismutase, these beneficial effects were abolished, indicating that coronary effects of these drugs may be due to increased release of adenosine during coronary microvascular embolization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that oxygen radicals worsen the ischemic injury in coronary microembolization.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitakaze
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koretsune
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitabatake
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamada
mesh_terms: D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000209:etiology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology*; D004617:Embolism / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D008833:Microcirculation; D008863:Microspheres; D010100:Oxygen / Q000502:physiology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology; D013806:Theophylline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D000493:Allopurinol; C061185:2-O-octadecylascorbic acid; D013806:Theophylline; C028322:8-phenyltheophylline; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D010100:Oxygen