title: [The prevalence of smoking in psychiatric patients. The effect of "institutionalization"].
abstract: The prevalence and other parameters concerning tobacco smoking were assessed in 100 outpatients with psychiatric disorders of axis I and II, according to DSM-III R criteria, and compared with those of 85 male psychiatric inpatients with forensic problems, recruited in a psychiatric hospital. The use of tobacco smoking was increased in psychiatric outpatients vs. the general pupulation and was very heightened in schizophrenic, as reported in earlier investigations; in the forensic sample both schizophrenic and non schizophrenic patients showed a very high prevalence. Therefore, the factor "institutionalization" does not modify the prevalence of tobacco smoking in schizophrenic--whose "smoking disposition" appears independent of the different social environments--while increasing the use in non schizophrenic patients. The positive correlation between tobacco smoking and schizophrenia is largely supported by these data and demands further investigation of its pathophysiologic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa di Psichiatria, USL n. 18, Empoli, Firenze.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calabresi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dalle Luche
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007326:Institutionalization; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*
vernacular_title: La prevalenza del fumo di tabacco nei pazienti psichiatrici. L'influenza dell'istituzionalizzazione.