title: Hostility, aggression, and anxiety levels of divorce and nondivorce children as manifested in their responses to projective tests.
abstract: The effects of parental divorce on the levels of aggression, hostility, and anxiety in children, as measured by the Rorschach test, together with the type and direction of aggression, as measured by the Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study, were studied. The Rorschach and the Rosenzweig P-F study were administered to a nonclinical sample of 108 Swedish children ranging in age from 10 to 12 years old. The subjects constituted a divorce and a nondivorce group of 27 girls and 27 boys each. Children of divorced parents (hereafter referred to as divorce children, divorce boys, or divorce girls) showed significantly higher levels of hostility, aggression, and anxiety than children of married parents (hereafter referred to as nondivorce children, nondivorce boys, nondivorce girls). There were significant differences found in the type and direction of aggression between divorce girls and boys. Divorce boys showed more extraggression and ego defensive reactions, whereas divorce girls tended to evade aggression. The differences between divorce and nondivorce groups and the diversity of reactions between divorce boys and girls are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spigelman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spigelman
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Englesson
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D004243:Divorce / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010553:Personality Development; D011386:Projective Techniques / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D012392:Rorschach Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012931:Social Environment