title: Intracerebral hemorrhage related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy and t-PA treatment.
abstract: Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) has been approved as thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, but this agent can cause serious bleeding complications including intracerebral hemorrhages. Mechanisms underlying the development of these hemorrhages have not been clarified. We report a patient who developed two intracerebral hemorrhages shortly after receiving t-PA for the treatment of an acute myocardial infarction, and who was found to have cerebral amyloid angiopathy at autopsy. Staining of cortical sections with Congo red and an antibody directed against beta amyloid protein (A4 peptide) disclosed specific involvement of most of the subarachnoid and superficial cortical vessels in the region of the two hemorrhages. Based on the findings in this patient and in 6 additional patients reported recently, it is likely that cerebral amyloid angiopathy plays a pathogenic role in some intracerebral hemorrhages associated with the administration of t-PA. The cautious use of t-PA with heparin in patients who are elderly or demented may be advisable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Pendlebury
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Iole
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Tracy
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dill
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator