title: Effect of interleukin-9 on clonogenic maturation and cell-cycle status of fetal and adult hematopoietic progenitors.
abstract: We assessed the effect of interleukin-9 (IL-9) on clonogenic maturation and cell-cycle status of hematopoietic progenitors of fetal (umbilical cord blood) and adult (bone marrow) origin. As a single agent IL-9 supported, in a concentration-dependent fashion, maturation of burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) of adult and fetal origin. However, only 1/3 the number of adult BFU-E colonies developed, as did in response to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and only 1/6 the number developed as did in response to IL-3. In contrast, the effect of IL-9 on fetal BFU-E colonies was equal to that of GM-CSF and IL-3. Synergistic effects of IL-9 with low concentrations (0.1 ng/mL) of GM-CSF and IL-3 were seen on adult BFU-E colony formation, but no effect was apparent at higher concentrations (1.0 ng/mL). In contrast, using fetal cells, synergistic effects of IL-9 with low and high concentrations of GM-CSF and IL-3 were apparent. Addition of IL-9 to plates containing fetal cells plus GM-CSF and IL-3 not only resulted in more BFU-E colonies, but also in more multicentered (greater than or equal to 10 individual centers) colonies, and more cells per colony. IL-9 had a wider spectrum of action on progenitors of fetal origin than on progenitors of adult origin, supporting the generation of fetal multipotent colony-forming unit (CFU)-Mix and CFU-GM colonies. Incubation with IL-9 did not accelerate cycling of adult or fetal BFU-E, CFU-Mix, or CFU-GM to the extent observed after incubation with IL-6. Thus, IL-9 primarily supported maturation of erythroid progenitors of adult origin, and its addition to plates containing GM-CSF and IL-3 (1.0 ng/mL) did not result in maturation of additional clones. In contrast, IL-9 had a wider spectrum of action on fetal progenitors and, when combined with IL-3 and GM-CSF, resulted in clonogenic maturation of progenitors that did not undergo maturation after stimulation with IL-3 and GM-CSF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Development and Aging, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84132.
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Holbrook
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Ohls
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Schibler
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Christensen
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D015672:Erythroid Precursor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D004920:Erythropoiesis / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000502:physiology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D016906:Interleukin-9; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D013936:Thymidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D007377:Interleukin-3; D016906:Interleukin-9; D007378:Interleukins; D014316:Tritium; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D013936:Thymidine