title: [Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. A therapeutic alternative in acute heart and/or pulmonary failure?].
abstract: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was introduced as a supplement ot mechanical ventilation in the treatment of two patients with severe acute respiratory failure and as heart assist in one patient with acute refractory cardiac failure after open heart surgery. The system includes a membrane oxygenator and a roller pump. The whole circuit is coated with partially degraded heparin covalently bound to the surface (Carmeda Bioactive Surface), reducing the need of systemic heparinization to a minimum. In the first case of acute respiratory failure a veno-venous bypass was employed, with cannulas in the right atrium and the femoral vein. Given a blood flow through the circuit of 2.5 l/min, ventilator settings could be favourably reduced. The patient was weaned off the bypass system after six days, off the ventilator after 120 days, and recovered completely. In two cases the system served as partial venoarterial bypass, and blood was returned to the ascending aorta. A 31 year-old male victim of a smoke inhalation lung injury was on bypass for four and a half days. He recovered completely after another 17 days of mechanical ventilation. A 68 year-old man with pump failure after cardiac surgery needed extracorporeal support as heart assist for seven days. On the eighth day he was weaned off intra-aortic balloon-pumping as well. Unfortunately, he died of septicemia, with multiple organ failure, 13 days later. The heparin-coated extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system may represent a major advancement in the treatment of critically ill patients in need of cardiopulmonary assist.
authors.affiliation: Anestesiavdelingen, Regionsykehuset i Tromsø.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Bjertnaes
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Olafsen
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Nilsen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brøndbo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thoner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaage
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Solbø
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jolin
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000379:methods; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen
vernacular_title: Ekstrakorporal membranoksygenering. Et behandlingsalternativ ved akutt hjerte- og/eller lungesvikt?