title: GTP and noradrenaline-induced force in isolated toxin-permeabilized rat anococcygeus and guinea-pig portal vein.
abstract: 1. Strips of smooth muscle from rat anococcygeus and guinea-pig portal vein were treated with solutions containing crude alpha-toxin from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. This rendered the surface membrane permeable to small molecular weight substances, but left functional sarcolemmal adrenoceptors. Tension measurements from these preparations were used to investigate the effects of guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) on the noradrenaline-induced Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of the smooth muscle of rat anococcygeus and guinea-pig portal vein. 2. Under conditions of low Ca2+ buffering (0.2 mM-EGTA), applying a maximal dose of noradrenaline (30 microM) to a toxin-permeabilized strip of anococcygeus muscle and longitudinal muscle of guinea-pig portal vein caused a transient contracture. Subsequent exposures to noradrenaline resulted in progressively smaller contractures. However, the rate of decline in the size of the noradrenaline-induced contracture was greater in rat anococcygeus muscle than in guinea-pig portal vein preparations. The decline in the size of the contracture in toxin-permeabilized anococcygeus muscle was not due to a fall in the Ca2+ content of the SR or a reduced Ca2+ release from the SR in response to myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). 3. The tension transients due to noradrenaline were enhanced and maintained in the presence of 100 microM-GTP in toxin-permeabilized guinea-pig portal vein. Addition of 100 microM-GTP caused a transient contracture in permeabilized rat anococcygeus muscle and only promoted the next noradrenaline response, thereafter the amplitude of the contractures decayed to zero. 4. Addition of guanosine-5'-O-(2 thiodiphosphate) (GDP-beta-S, 100 microM) would be expected to cause a reversible reduction of the noradrenaline response by binding to the intermediary G-protein. This was observed in toxin-permeabilized portal vein, but in rat anococcygeus muscle, GDP-beta-S caused slowing of the response to noradrenaline, thereafter the response to noradrenaline was absent. The noradrenaline response did not recover when GDP-beta-S was removed. 5. The non-metabolizable form of GTP, guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP-gamma-S, 100 microM), caused a transient contracture in both toxin-permeabilized rat anococcygeus muscle and guinea-pig portal vein. In both these tissues, the addition of GTP-gamma-S resulted in the irreversible inhibition of the response to noradrenaline. 6. In the presence of a high concentration (10 mM) of the Ca2+ buffer EGTA, GTP (100 microM) and noradrenaline (30 microM) increased Ca(2+)-activated force in both tissues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, University of Glasgow.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Crichton
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000502:physiology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C021091:staphylococcal alpha-toxin; D002110:Caffeine; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine