title: Antimutagenicity studies of chlorophyllin using the Salmonella arabinose-resistant assay system.
abstract: Studies with the arabinose-resistant Salmonella forward mutation assay system were performed to determine the antimutagenic activity of chlorophyllin against the mutagenic activity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 2-aminoanthracene (2AA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and solvent extracts of coal dust (CD), diesel emission particles (DE), airborne particles (AP), tobacco snuff (TS), black pepper (BP) and red wine (RW). Various concentrations of each chemical and complex mixture extract were assayed for mutagenic activity with and/or without S9 in a preincubation test. One concentration of each chemical and complex mixture extract was then tested with various concentrations of chlorophyllin. Results showed that chlorophyllin, at concentrations of 2.5 mg/plate or less, completely or almost completely inhibited the mutagenicity of 2AA, AFB1, BaP, MNNG and solvent extracts of CD, DE and RW. With concentrations from 1.25 to 5 mg/plate, chlorophyllin inhibited over 50% of the mutagenicity of AP, TS and BP extracts. These results further substantiate the antimutagenic efficacy of chlorophyllin against chemicals and complex mixtures.
authors.affiliation: Center for Life Sciences and Toxicology, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nath
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ong
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D000873:Anthracenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000494:pharmacology; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002735:Chlorophyllides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003031:Coal / Q000009:adverse effects; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005579:Fossil Fuels / Q000009:adverse effects; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000009:adverse effects; D014920:Wine / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D000393:Air Pollutants; D000873:Anthracenes; D002273:Carcinogens; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D003031:Coal; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; C006593:2-anthramine; D004247:DNA; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; C007020:chlorophyllin