title: Micronucleus formation in cultured human keratinocytes following exposure to mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide.
abstract: A method is described to investigate the induction of micronuclei in cultured human keratinocytes after short-term exposure to known clastogenic agents. The cytokinesis-block method was applied to facilitate the scoring of micronucleated cells. Mitomycin C, a direct-acting compound, caused a 5-20-fold increase in micronuclei over the controls at the highest concentration tested (1 microgram/ml). Cyclophosphamide, an agent requiring metabolic activation, did not induce the formation of micronuclei in cultured keratinocytes. However, after pretreatment of the keratinocyte cultures with Aroclor 1254 for 72 h, exposure to cyclophosphamide resulted in a 3-fold increase in micronucleus frequency over the controls. No cytogenetic effect of Aroclor 1254 was observed in control experiments.
authors.affiliation: RCC NOTOX BV, D's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: van Pelt
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Haring
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Overkamp
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Weterings
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001140:Aroclors / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020111:Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine); D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D016685:Mitomycin; D008937:Mitomycins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001140:Aroclors; D008937:Mitomycins; D020111:Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine); D016685:Mitomycin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide