title: Effect of partial substitution of invert sugar for sucrose in combination with Duraphat treatment on caries development in preschool children: the Malmö Study.
abstract: The aim was to study the effect of substitution of invert sugar for sucrose, in combination with fluoride varnish (Duraphat) treatment twice a year, on caries development in preschool children. One hundred and eighty-seven 4-years-olds were divided randomly into four sugar groups: (1) sucrose (S), (2) sucrose-Duraphat (SD), (3) invert sugar (I), and (4) invert sugar-Duraphat (ID). All families were asked to buy beverages, biscuits, breakfast cereals, marmalade, ice cream, jam, ketchup, sweets and table sugar, totally 32 different food items, sweetened with invert sugar or sucrose. The substitution was, thus, restricted to a number of sugar-rich between-meal products. The study was carried out double-blind for 2 years. The children of those parents who did not want to participate in the sugar groups were divided randomly into one of the following two groups: (5) Duraphat (D), and control (C). Because of lack of cooperation, only 114 of the 187 children (61%) were considered to have completed the study. The mean caries increment, including initial lesions, was 3.86 dmfs in the combined groups S and SD (n = 63) and 3.10 dmfs in the combined groups I and ID (n = 51) during the 2 years (p = 0.34). The corresponding values for the 2nd year only were 1.84 and 0.67 dmfs, respectively (p = 0.09). The mean caries increment was 2.86 dmfs in group D (n = 113) and 4.10 dmfs (p = 0.08) in group C (n = 93). If initial caries lesions were excluded from the index, the difference between groups D and C was significant (p = 0.008).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Faculty of Odontology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frostell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Birkhed
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Edwardsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Petersson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Priwe
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Winholt
mesh_terms: D002326:Cariogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005504:Food Analysis; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011859:Radiography; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D002326:Cariogenic Agents; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; C023807:sodium fluoride topical preparation; D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; C008133:invert sugar; D005947:Glucose