title: [Changes in resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to beta-lactams in a general intensive care unit over a three-year period. Role of piperacillin].
abstract: Nosocomial infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa seen in a general intensive care unit from January 1987 through December 1989 were studied. Use of piperacillin, ticarcillin, cefsulodine, ceftazidime, and imipenem over the same period were recorded. Rate of infection by P. aeruginosa among the 1,844 patients admitted during the study period was 3.2%; 32% of all nosocomial infections during this period were due to P. aeruginosa. The proportion of P. aeruginosa strains exhibiting in vitro susceptibility to ticarcillin rose from 45.5% in 1987 to 59% in 1988 and 86% in 1989. Concomitantly, the proportion of P. aeruginosa strains simultaneously resistant to ticarcillin, piperacillin, cefsulodine and ceftazidime fell from 32% to 18.5% then 0%. A statistically significant correlation was found between the decrease in piperacillin use and the fall in penicillinase-producing ticarcillin-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa. Because piperacillin has undesirable effects on the intestinal flora and promotes the emergence of resistant strains of P. aeruginosa, the authors now use narrow spectrum antimicrobial agents as first line treatment of nocosomial infections.
authors.affiliation: Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, Hôpital de la Source, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bercault
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demasure
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poisson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gueveler
mesh_terms: D002441:Cefsulodin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013982:Ticarcillin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D015378:Imipenem; D002442:Ceftazidime; D013982:Ticarcillin; D002441:Cefsulodin; D010878:Piperacillin
vernacular_title: Evolution de la résistance aux beta-lactamines chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa en réanimation polyvalente sur une période de trois ans. Rôle de la pipéracilline.