title: The adjuvanticity of Algammulin, a new vaccine adjuvant.
abstract: Algammulin is a suspension of 1-2 microns ovoids of the immune stimulant gamma inulin (g-IN) in which alum is embedded as a carrier for protein or other anionic antigens. Tests for specific IgG and seroconversion responses in mice immunized with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) show that the presence of g-IN on the alum has increased its adjuvanticity 6- to 17-fold (p less than 0.001), and thus has a synergistic effect. A mixture of alum and g-IN was no more active than alum alone. Low KLH doses at borderline seroconversion levels (0.1-1 microgram/mouse) allow comparison with a vaccine situation. The improved Algammulin responses extended to 58 days after primary doses and to memory recall after boost at 65 days. At 1 mg Algammulin i.p. in primary and secondary doses the anti-KLH IgG responses were equal to those from Freund's complete adjuvant. The g-IN on the alum increased all responses tested (IgG 1, 2a, 2b, 3 and total IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE), but changed the emphasis from that of alum (favouring mostly IgG 2a, IgG 2b and IgA).
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Biology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McComb
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Steele
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000534:Alum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000276:immunology; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000145:classification; D007444:Inulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; C070342:Algammulin; D000534:Alum Compounds; D000941:Antigens; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D014612:Vaccines; C041524:aluminum sulfate; D007444:Inulin; D006433:Hemocyanins; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin