title: The CO2 laser in arthroscopy: potential problems and solutions.
abstract: The CO2 laser is the most commonly used laser in arthroscopic surgery. This device offers enhanced precision in both cutting and ablation, as well as improved accessibility of difficult to reach structures. However, the use of energy rather than mechanical devices, the lack of tactile feedback, and the necessary use of a gaseous environment can result in problems not encountered in conventional arthroscopic surgery. This article presents these problems and suggests solutions.
authors.affiliation: Center for Sports Medicine, Saint Francis Memorial Hospital, San Francisco, California 94109.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Garrick
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kadel
mesh_terms: D020679:Arthroscopes; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011183:Postoperative Complications
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide