title: Determinants of pregnancy outcome and newborn behavior of a semirural Egyptian population.
abstract: Several potential determinants of birth weight and neonatal behavioral organization, ie, maternal anthropometry, food intake (energy, protein, and plant- and animal-source foods), morbidity, and household socioeconomic status, were followed systematically in a semirural Egyptian population during greater than or equal to 6 mo of pregnancy. In early pregnancy mothers were generally normal weight to moderately overweight. Their mean energy intake, largely from plant sources, was approximately 8.37 MJ/d (2000 kcal/d) during trimesters 2 and 3. Early (3 mo) pregnancy weight and weight gain during trimesters 2 and 3 were significantly positively related to birth weight Z scores. The best predictor model examined for birth weight included early pregnancy weight, weight gain, and length of gestation (R2 = 0.45). Early pregnancy weight and maternal intake of animal-source foods were significant positive predictors of the newborn's orientation and habituation behavior, respectively. Habituation and orientation measures assess the infant's early ability to process information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirksey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahmanifar
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Wachs
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Bassily
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bishry
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Galal
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Jerome
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001724:Birth Weight; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D004522:Educational Status; D004534:Egypt; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008423:Maternal Age; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012424:Rural Population; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015430:Weight Gain