title: Disodium cromoglycate enhances ongoing immunoglobulin production in vitro in human B cells.
abstract: The effect of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) upon human immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes and IgG subclasses production by purified B cells was studied. DSCG enhanced IgM, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 and IgA production in a dose-dependent fashion, while DSCG failed to induce IgE production at any concentrations tested by purified B cells. When B cells were separated into small resting and large activated B cells, DSCG failed to induce Ig production from small resting B cells in the presence or absence of Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I (SAC). In contrast, in large activated B cells DSCG significantly enhanced all types of Ig production (two-to threefold), especially IgG4 production (seven-to 11-fold), except IgE, which large B cells did not produce. The enhancement of IgG subclass production was not subclass switching, since DSCG failed to enhance IgG1 production in B cells depleted of surface IgG1+ cells (sIgG1+ cells). Similarly, DSCG did not enhance IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4 production from sIgG2-, sIgG3- or sIgG4- B cells, respectively, Interleukin-4 (IL-4) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) also enhanced Ig production except IgG4 from large activated B cells. The enhancing effect of DSCG was not mediated by IL-4 or IL-6 since anti-IL-4 or anti-IL-6 antibody failed to block the DSCG-induced enhancement. DSCG also enhanced IgG2 and IgM production from human B-cell lines GM-1500 and CBL, respectively. These results suggest that DSCG directly and preferentially stimulates activated B cells which are producing Ig and, in addition, enhances their Ig production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimata
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ishioka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mikawa
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium