title: NMDA antagonists attenuate hypertension induced by carotid clamping in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of rats.
abstract: The purpose of these experiments were to study the interactions of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) with baroreceptor reflexes induced by transient carotid clamping. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with urethane. Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion resulted in a reversible and reproducible hypertension in the vagotomized animals. This hypertensive reaction was blocked by intraventricular injection of NMDA antagonists, such as 2-amino-7-phosphono-heptaneoate (AP-7) and phencyclidine (PCP). We also found that blood pressure-sensitive neurons of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) could be classified into two groups, on the basis of their responses to norepinephrine given intravenously. Using pressure microejection and single unit recording, we observed that clamping of the common carotids resulted in excitation of type I neurons. This evoked excitation, similar to that induced by NMDA, was blocked by locally applied AP-7. However, the carotid occlusion-induced responses of type II neurons were not blocked by AP-7. In conclusion, the present data suggest that NMDA receptors are involved in hypertensive responses during carotid occlusion, perhaps involving a site in the rostral ventrolateral medulla.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011311:Pressoreceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects; D014628:Vagotomy
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D015763:2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; D010622:Phencyclidine; C031231:2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid