title: The synergistic effect of hemin and transforming growth factor-beta on hemoglobin accumulation in HEL erythroleukemia cells.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) and hemin can both independently induce hemoglobin accumulation in the human HEL erythroleukemia cell line. The combination of these two agents resulted in a synergistic effect in the production of hemoglobin. On day 1, following exposure to both hemin and TGF beta, approximately 35% of the cells had accumulated hemoglobin, as evidenced, by benzidine staining. Whereas, when treated alone with either agent, the percentage of benzidine-positive cells was less than 10%. By day 5, approximately 70-80% on the cells treated with the combination were benzidine-positive. Cell surface analysis showed that the combination of TGF beta and hemin increased the expression of CD34, CD64, glycophorin A, and GPIIb-IIIa(CDW41). Cell proliferation was decreased by the combination.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunologic, Oncologic and Hematologic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hooper
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pruckler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Evatt
mesh_terms: D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006427:Hemin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D006454:Hemoglobins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D006427:Hemin