title: Use of the ultrafiltrate obtained in two-chamber (PFD) hemodiafiltration as replacement fluid. Experimental ex vivo and in vitro study.
abstract: PFD (Paired Filtration Dialysis) is the only hemodiafiltration (HDF) technique in which the ultrafiltrate (UF) is continuously available not mixed with the dialysate. As with all convective or prevailingly convective techniques, a replacement fluid is necessary in an amount equal to the difference between the UF and the desired weight loss. This replacement fluid (R) must have an adequate electrolytic balance (Na+, Ca++, and buffer), and must be sterile and pyrogen-free. Using an uncoated adsorbent charcoal cartridge, we "regenerated" the UF obtained in PFD, eliminating the small (except for urea, which was later eliminated by diffusion in the dialyzing section of the PFD system) and the medium-to-large molecules (vit B12 and myoglobin in vitro and beta-2-microglobulin (B2m) and (hANP) in vivo), but not the electrolytes and the endogenous bicarbonate, so as to verify its possible use as R. This technique, experimentally performed in 12 patients under HDF treatment with standard PFD, with a total mean UF of 9650 +/- 875 ml and the use of 130 g of uncoated charcoal, produced a solution with the following composition: Na+ 135.4 +/- 2.4 mmol/l, K+ 3.4 +/- 1.23 mmol/l, Ca++ 1.18 +/- 0.14 mmol/l, HCO3- 26.7 +/- 2.3 mmol/l, phosphates 2.88 +/- 0.81 mg/dl, urea 63 +/- 14 mg/dl, creatinine 0.08 +/- 0.02 mg/dl, uric acid 0.05 +/- 0.0 mg/dl, beta-2 microglobulin 0.5 +/- 0.5 mg/l, and hANP 4.15 +/- 5 pg/l.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, S. Croce Hospital, Cuneo, Italy.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ghezzi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Botella
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sartoris
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gervasio
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diez
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose; D002606:Charcoal; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D006440:Hemofiltration / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D002606:Charcoal; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D002482:Cellulose