Dietary saturated fatty acids (12:0, 14:0, 16:0) differ in their impact on plasma cholesterol and lipoproteins in nonhuman primates.
Three species of monkey (rhesus, cebus, and squirrel) were rotated through five purified diets containing 31% energy as various fat blends (P:S between 0.1 and 1.0) for 12-wk periods to compare the impact of specific dietary fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. As 12:0 + 14:0 was replaced by 16:0, a significant decrease occurred in total and LDL cholesterol, whereas slight increases in total cholesterol and the LDL-HDL ratio occurred when 16:0 replaced 18:2. Hegsted and Keys regression equations provided a good fit for the observed data, but the predicted total cholesterol response was perfect (r = 0.995) for both equations when 16:0 was considered neutral. Thus, under these conditions 16:0 was less cholesterolemic than 12:0 + 14:0 and only slightly cholesterolemic compared with 18:2.
Hayes
K C
KC
Foster Biomedical Research Laboratory, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254.
Pronczuk
A
A
Lindsey
S
S
Diersen-Schade
D
D
D000818:Animals; D002428:Cebus; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005544:Forecasting; D000882:Haplorhini / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012453:Saimiri; D013045:Species Specificity
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D002784:Cholesterol