title: Effects of isoflurane, halothane, and enflurane on myocardial flow and energy stores in the perfused rat heart.
abstract: The effect of three volatile anesthetics (halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane) on coronary flow and metabolic state of isolated rat hearts was studied. These anesthetics are coronary dilators and their effects are dose dependent. At 2 MAC (minimum alveolar concentration), isoflurane, enflurane, and halothane increase coronary flow by 114 +/- 5.9, 93 +/- 6.1, and 77 +/- 6.4%, respectively (p less than 0.001). At these concentrations, they also have a modest but significant metabolic effect causing a 30% reduction in myocardial ATP and phosphocreatine levels, with no significant modification in ADP and AMP concentrations. Energy charge and lactate/pyruvate ratio were also unaffected by these anesthetics. The vascular and metabolic effects were reversible within 2 and 30 min, respectively. Perfusion of the hearts with a Krebs-Henseleit solution without Pi did not interfere with the vascular and the metabolic effect of the anesthetics; however, in this case, ATP and phosphocreatine concentration did not return to control levels after their discontinuation despite full recovery of the vascular effect. These data suggest that the volatile anesthetics have direct coronary vascular and myocardial metabolic effects and that these effects occur independently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Université de Montréal, Qué., Canada.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Blaise
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Noël
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Villeneuve
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hollman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vinet
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Boulanger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vinay
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D004737:Enflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010477:Perfusion; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D010725:Phosphocreatine; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D004737:Enflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D006221:Halothane