title: Individual differences in tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1 production induced by viable and heat-killed Candida albicans.
abstract: The in vitro production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 27 healthy women in response to viable and heat-killed Candida albicans was measured. Production of both cytokines was proportional to the concentration of viable C. albicans and increased at a steady rate for at least 24 h. No relationship was observed between the levels of IL-1 and TNF produced by the mononuclear cells from any individual. Some women were high TNF producers and low IL-1 producers or vice versa. Higher levels of TNF were induced by heat-killed C. albicans than by viable organisms in 26 of the 27 subjects. In marked contrast, IL-1 was induced preferentially by viable C. albicans in 23 of the 27 women. Thus, TNF and IL-1 production induced by C. albicans appears to be non-coordinately regulated and may involve different Candida moieties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeremias
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalo-Klein
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Witkin
mesh_terms: D002175:Candida / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007700:Kinetics; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D006493:Heparin