title: Efficacy of antilipopolysaccharide and anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibodies in a neutropenic rat model of Pseudomonas sepsis.
abstract: Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) directed against bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) provide partial protection in experimental models of septic shock. To determine if additional benefit accrues from a combination of anti-TNF and anti-LPS MAb in the treatment of septic shock, a neutropenic rat model was developed to study active infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12.4.4. Animals were treated intravenously with an irrelevant MAb (group 1); anti-TNF MAb (group 2); MAb directed against P. aeruginosa 12.4.4 LPS (group 3); or a combination of anti-TNF and anti-LPS MAb (group 4). None of the control animals in group 1 survived the 7-d period of neutropenia (0/16). In contrast, the survival rate was 44% in group 2 (P less than 0.02); 37% in group 3 (P less than 0.05); and 75% in group 4 (P less than 0.0002). The combination of monoclonal antibodies provided greater protection than either MAb given alone (P less than 0.05). Serum TNF levels during infection were significantly greater in groups 1 and 3 (20.1 +/- 3.3 U, mean +/- SE) than in groups 2 and 4 (0.9 +/- 0.8 U, P less than 0.0001). These results indicate that a combination of monoclonal antibodies to LPS and TNF have additive benefit in experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. This immunotherapeutic approach may be of potential utility in the management of serious, gram-negative bacterial infection in neutropenic patients.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Division, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Opal
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sadoff
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Palardy
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Bodmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000628:therapy*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000628:therapy*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha