title: CT staging of renal carcinoma: a prospective comparison of three dynamic computed tomography techniques.
abstract: Three dynamic computed tomographic methods used for staging of renal carcinoma in 70 patients are described and compared. Twenty-eight patients were examined using incremental dynamic scanning across the kidneys whilst infusing contrast via an arm vein (technique 1). Eighteen patients were staged using a single location dynamic scan sequence at the level of the renal hilum followed by an incremental sequence during an infusion of contrast into the femoral vein (technique 2). Twenty-four patients were examined using a single location sequence at the level of the renal veins and a rapid bolus incremental dynamic technique (technique 3). Technique 1 correctly staged 20 patients (72%) with 4 patients (14%) understaged and 4 (14%) overstaged, technique 2 correctly staged 11 (61%) patients with 3 (17%) overstaged and 4 (22%) understaged and technique 3 staged 17 (71%) correctly with 3 (13%) understaged and 4 (17%) overstaged. The techniques using single location scanning were more accurate in demonstrating tumour involvement of the renal vein and inferior vena cava but were less accurate in assessing extracapsular spread. Technique 3 was the most accurate in the diagnosis of lymph-node involvement. As accurate pre-operative knowledge of vascular involvement by tumour is more important to the surgeon than the presence of extracapsular spread, the combined single location and incremental scan technique is advocated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, U.K.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Miles
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: London
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lavelle
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Messios
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Smart
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007479:Iopamidol; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007479:Iopamidol