title: Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 activities in free lung cells after single and repeated inhalation of bacterial endotoxin.
abstract: Bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides), important components of many organic dusts, are known to induce macrophages to produce the inflammatory mediators interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). To investigate the role of these mediators in the early inflammatory responses in the lung, guinea pigs were exposed to an aerosol of bacterial endotoxin. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was then performed, and TNF-alpha and IL-1 in lysed BAL cells and in the supernatants from BAL cell cultures were studied. The effect of single and repeated LPS inhalation exposures on the activities of TNF and IL-1 was studied, as was the effect of LPS added to the cell culture medium. A single inhalation exposure to LPS caused an increase in the TNF-alpha and IL-1 activities in cell lysate and in the cell culture supernatant. After a second inhalation exposure, cell-associated and extracellular TNF-alpha activity could not be detected, whereas IL-1 activity was markedly enhanced. IL-1 activity was increased when LPS was added to the cell culture medium with or without a prior inhalation exposure. In contrast, TNF-alpha activity was not affected after a second exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Rochemonteix-Galve
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marchat-Amoruso
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dayer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rylander
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha