title: Structural characterization of the lipid A component of Pseudomonas aeruginosa wild-type and rough mutant lipopolysaccharides.
abstract: The structure of the lipid A component of lipopolysaccharides isolated from two wild-type strains (Fisher 2 and 7) and one rough mutant (PAC 605) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated using chemical analysis, methylation analysis, combined gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, laser-desorption mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The lipid A backbone was found to consist of a pyranosidic beta 1,6-linked D-glucosamine disaccharide [beta-D-GlcpN-(1----6)-D-GlcpN], phosphorylated in positions 4' and 1. Position 6' of the beta-D-GlcpN-(1----6)-D-GlcpN disaccharide was identified as the attachment site of the core oligosaccharide and the hydroxyl group at C-4 was not substituted. Lipid A of the three P. aeruginosa strains expressed heterogeneity with regard to the degree of acylation: a hexaacyl as well as a pentaacyl component were structurally characterized. The hexaacyl lipid A contains two amide-bound 3-O-acylated (R)-3-hydroxydodecanoic acid groups [12:0(3-OH)] at positions 2 and 2' of the GlcN dissacharide and two ester-bound (R)-3-hydroxydecanoic acid groups [10:0(3-OH)] at positions 3 and 3'. The pentaacyl species, which represents the major lipid A component, lacks one 10:0(3-OH) residue, the hydroxyl group in position 3 of the reducing GlcN residue being free. In both hexa- and pentaacyl lipid A the 3-hydroxyl group of the two amide-linked 12:0(3-OH) residues are acylated by either dodecanoic (12:0) or (S)-2-hydroxydodecanoic acid [12:0(2-OH)], the lipid A species with two 12:0(2-OH) residues, however, being absent. The presence of only five acyl residues in the major lipid A fraction may account for the low endotoxic activity observed with P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide.
authors.affiliation: Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Institut für Experimentelle Biologie und Medizin, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Kulshin
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Zähringer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Jäger
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dmitriev
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Rietschel
mesh_terms: D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008050:Lipid A / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D008050:Lipid A; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides