title: Validity of a disposable end-tidal carbon dioxide detector in verifying endotracheal tube position in piglets.
abstract: METHODS
  the most reliable methods for confirming endotracheal tube placement are direct visualization of passage through the vocal cords and documentation of CO2 in the expired gas. We evaluated the use of a disposable colorimetric CO2 detector for verifying endotracheal tube position in small animals. The end-tidal CO2 (Petco2) detector was tested in 11 piglets with the endotracheal tube sequentially in the trachea, the esophagus, the esophagus with a carbonated beverage in the stomach, the esophagus after bag-mask ventilation. Endotracheal tube position was confirmed in all cases by direct visualization and capnometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Petco2 detector identified the tube placement accurately in all 54 (21 tracheal, 33 esophageal) intubations (p less than .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This disposable Petco2 detector is highly sensitive and specific for verifying endotracheal tube placement in this nonarrest piglet model.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bhende
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Howland
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D003124:Colorimetry; D004947:Esophagus; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D007440:Intubation; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000379:methods*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013147:Spirometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide