title: In vitro antimicrobial activity of sparfloxacin (AT-4140, CI-978, PD 131501) compared with numerous other quinolone compounds.
abstract: Sparfloxacin (AT-4140, CI-978, PD 131501) was tested against over 800 recent bacteremic strains and compared with ciprofloxacin and six other fluoroquinolones. The 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) ranges for the Enterobacteriaceae species were (a) sparfloxacin, 0.03-1 microgram/ml and (b) ciprofloxacin, 0.015-0.25 microgram/ml. Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were very susceptible to sparfloxacin (MIC90s, 0.004- less than or equal to 0.03 microgram/ml) and the other comparison drugs. Staphylococcus aureas and other staphylococci were generally susceptible to the tested fluoroquinolones but very susceptible to sparfloxacin and WIN 57273. All beta-hemolytic streptococci, enterococci, and pneumococci had sparfloxacin MICs of less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. Sparfloxacin was quite active against anaerobic bacteria including Bacteroides fragilis gr. and Gram-positive strains (MIC90s, less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml). The most resistant enteric bacilli were among Serratia marcescens and the Proteae, especially the Providencia spp. (two- to eightfold higher MICs). Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were also susceptible to sparfloxacin (MIC90, 2 micrograms/ml). Magnesium ions, CO2 incubation, and low pH had some adverse effect on sparfloxacin MICs, and resistance development was documented among current clinical isolates of staphylococci, pseudomonas, and some enteric species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Erwin
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D015365:Enoxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects; D016576:Fleroxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009643:Norfloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015363:Quinolones
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D015363:Quinolones; C062556:Win 57273; D015365:Enoxacin; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; C053091:lomefloxacin; D009643:Norfloxacin; D016576:Fleroxacin; C061363:sparfloxacin