title: Molecular diagnosis of alcelaphine herpesvirus (malignant catarrhal fever) infections by nested amplification of viral DNA in bovine blood buffy coat specimens.
abstract: A fragment of alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (AHV-1; malignant catarrhal fever) DNA was subcloned into pUC 18 and sequenced. The subclone hybridized strongly to AHV-1 DNA, weakly to alcelaphine herpesvirus-2 (AHV-2) DNA, and not at all to DNA from bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1; infectious bovine rhinotracheitis [IBR] virus), bovine herpesvirus-2 (BHV-2; bovine herpes mamillitis [BHM] virus), and bovine herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4; isolate DN599). A 2-stage (nested) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic test was devised based on a portion of the subcloned AHV-1 DNA sequence. First and second stage amplified AHV-1 DNA targets were 487 and 172 base pairs (bp) in length, respectively. Unique Pvu II and Stu I restriction endonuclease cleavage sites confirmed the identity of amplified AHV-1 DNA. Five AHV-1 and 2 AHV-2 isolates were identically and specifically PCR positive. BHV-1, BHV-2, and BHV-4 viruses were negative by the same procedure. As little as 0.01 TCID50 AHV-1 was detected using the nested amplification procedure. Simple methods of buffy coat isolation from bovine blood were employed to prepare specimens for PCR. An AHV-1-infected calf was PCR positive from 3 to 77 days postinoculation (PI), with rising seroconversion first noted 14 days PI. The AHV-1 DNA sequence was 62% homologous to a portion of the Epstein-Barr virus genome. The nested PCR procedure may improve the viral diagnosis of clinical and subclinical alcelaphine herpesvirus infections.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Virology Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ridpath
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D008304:Malignant Catarrh / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012418:Ruminants
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral