title: Evaluation of dairy food processing wash water solids as a protein source: III. Nitrogen utilization by heifers fed medium-concentrate diets.
abstract: Eight multicannulated heifers (average BW 415 +/- 34 kg) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square to evaluate fluid milk processing wash water solids (WWS) as a dietary N source. Heifers were fed corn/cottonseed hull-based diets containing soybean meal (control, 0% WWS N) or WWS replacing soybean meal at 33, 67, or 100% of supplemental dietary N. Total tract and ruminal DM and OM digestibilities decreased linearly or cubically (P less than .05) as dietary WWS N increased. Total ruminal VFA concentration (P less than .05) and propionic acid molar proportion (P less than .10) were greater in heifers fed 0 vs 100% WWS N. Heifers fed 0% WWS N had the greatest (P less than .05) ruminal ammonia concentration at all sampling times. Dietary WWS did not affect (P greater than .10) ruminal pH, fluid dilution rate, fluid flow, fluid volume, or turnover time. Total tract N digestibility decreased quadratically (P less than .10) with increasing WWS N in the diet. Supplemental WWS N did not affect (P greater than .10) flow of duodenal ammonia N or bacterial N, or efficiency of microbial N synthesis. Diets containing WWS N resulted in a cubic increase (P less than .10) in duodenal flow of essential amino acids compared with 0% WWS N; however, there were no differences in small intestinal amino acid disappearance. Data indicate that WWS can replace 33% of the soybean meal N in a corn/cottonseed hull-based diet without decreasing ruminal fermentation, fluid digesta kinetics, microbial efficiency, or small intestinal amino acid utilization.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anim. Sci, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Caton
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D003611:Dairy Products; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen