title: [Severe endocrine ophthalmopathy. A review with case reports].
abstract: The autoimmune pathogenesis of endocrine ophthalmopathy (EO) is only partly elucidated. About 40% of all patients with Graves' disease have clinically overt ophthalmopathy. 5% of all Graves' disease patients develop severe EO, independently of the treatment modality for thyrotoxicosis (radioiodine, surgery, antithyroid drugs) and require multidisciplinary treatment. In cases where glucocorticoid treatment is unsuccessful, orbital decompression, as described by Walsh and Ogura, should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und ophthalmologische Abteilung, Bürgerspital Solothurn.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bosshard
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bürgi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bürgi
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D011241:Prednisone
vernacular_title: Schwere endokrine Ophthalmopathie. Eine Ubersicht mit Fallbeispielen.