title: Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells: interferon-gamma synergizes with interleukin-2 to induce LAK cytotoxicity in homogeneous leukemic preparations.
abstract: Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells are generated by the incubation of lymphocytes with high levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2). We report here that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) acts synergistically with low levels of IL-2 to promote LAK differentiation in peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as in homogeneous T acute lymphocytic leukemic cells exhibiting LAK precursor reactivity. No augmentation of LAK response was observed with IFN-alpha-2, IFN-beta-1, and IFN-beta-2/IL-6. The synergism between IL-2 and IFN-gamma was expressed in the ability of activated lymphocytes to lyse natural killer resistant cell line targets and surgically removed melanoma cells. The augmented LAK response due to IFN-gamma does not reflect up-regulation of the high-affinity IL-2 receptors consisting both of alpha and beta subunits, since expression of the alpha (Tac) subunit on the responding leukemic cells was not increased by IFN-gamma. The observed IFN-gamma/IL-2 synergism in the induction of monoclonal LAK precursors suggests that a single precursor cell responds to both IFN-gamma and IL-2 and that different mechanisms underlie the basal IL-2-mediated LAK response and its enhancement by IFN-gamma.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davidsohn
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Levanon
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Icekson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Revel
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramot
mesh_terms: D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015979:Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated / Q000502:physiology*; D007938:Leukemia / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D007371:Interferon-gamma