title: Electrolyte transport in piglets infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Stimulation by verapamil and clonidine.
abstract: The effects of clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, and verapamil, a Ca2+ channel blocker, on Na+ and Cl- absorption were studied in stripped jejunal mucosa from control and transmissible-gastroenteritis-virus-infected piglets. All infected piglets developed severe diarrhea 18-24 hours after oral inoculation. Jejunum from infected animals, as compared with control jejunum, had decreased mucosal-to-serosal, serosal-to-mucosal, and net Na+ and Cl- fluxes. Clonidine and verapamil caused a decrease in short-circuit current and stimulation of Na+ and Cl- absorption in control jejunum. In infected piglets, although the jejunum exhibited severe villus atrophy, both drugs stimulated Na+ and Cl- absorption and the magnitude of Na+ and Cl- absorption was similar in control and transmissible-gastroenteritis-infected jejunum. In contrast, D-glucose stimulated Na+ absorption, and the decrease in short-circuit current caused by verapamil and clonidine, were decreased in transmissible-gastroenteritis-infected jejunum. Such pharmacological stimulation of Na+ and Cl- absorption might be useful in the management and treatment of certain viral diarrheal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Diagnostic Laboratory, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca.
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Homaidan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donowitz
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Sharp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D003000:Clonidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005761:Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D013552:Swine; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D012964:Sodium; D014700:Verapamil; D003000:Clonidine