title: Investigations of the frequency of DNA strand breakage and cross-linking and of sister chromatid exchange in the lymphocytes of electric welders exposed to chromium- and nickel-containing fumes.
abstract: A total of 39 electric welders exposed to chromium and nickel were compared with 18 controls standardized for age, smoking habits and sex with respect to the frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and of DNA strand breakage and cross-linking (measured by the method of alkaline filter elution) in their blood lymphocytes. A significant correlation was found between the frequency of SCE and of individual DNA strand breakage and the concentration of chromium in the urine. Less DNA from the welders than from the control group was eluted through the two filter types used (polycarbonate and polyvinylidene fluoride filters). This must be interpreted as resulting from the presence of DNA-protein cross-links, which has the secondary effect of leading to a relative reduction in the measurable frequency of strand breakage amongst the welders. The present results are in good agreement with in vitro and in vivo investigations that confirm the importance of DNA-protein cross-links for the carcinogenic effect of chromium.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Hygiene and Industrial Medicine, University of Essen (GHS), Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Popp
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vahrenholz
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schmieding
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Krewet
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Norpoth
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002857:Chromium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004249:DNA Damage; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009532:Nickel / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012307:Risk Factors; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics; D014896:Welding
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D002857:Chromium; D009532:Nickel