title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha increases release of arachidonate and prolactin from rat anterior pituitary cells.
abstract: We investigated the effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), a product of activated macrophages, on the release of arachidonate from dispersed anterior pituitary cells. Primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells from rats were preincubated with [3H]arachidonate to label their phospholipid-containing components. The cells were then washed and incubated with vehicle or test agents, and PRL release into the medium and [3H]arachidonate cleaved from phospholipid were measured. TNF alpha significantly increased the release of both PRL and [3H] arachidonate release in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Other cytokines, such as interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and gamma-interferon, had no effect on [3H]arachidonate release. To define the role of calcium in TNF alpha-induced arachidonate release, dispersed pituitary cells were incubated with low calcium medium, which decreased arachidonate release in response to TNF alpha. TNF alpha potentiated the release of [3H]arachidonate and PRL promoted by phospholipase-A2 and melittin, and markedly shifted the dose-response curve to the left. Inhibitors of phospholipase-A2, such as p-bromophenacyl bromide and quinacrine, had no effect on TNF alpha-induced [3H]arachidonate and PRL release. BW755C, an inhibitor of the conversion of arachidonate to its metabolites, decreased TNF alpha-induced PRL release, while indomethacin, a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, had no effect on TNF alpha-induced PRL release. These data indicate that arachidonate metabolites may be involved in the process of TNF alpha-induced PRL release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohmichi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadowaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikegami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tanizawa
mesh_terms: D015772:4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D005260:Female; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008555:Melitten / Q000494:pharmacology; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000494:pharmacology; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D003470:Culture Media; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008555:Melitten; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015772:4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine; D011388:Prolactin; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D002118:Calcium; D007213:Indomethacin