title: Injury and death of frozen Listeria monocytogenes as affected by glycerol and milk components.
abstract: A cell suspension of Listeria monocytogenes strain Scott A in phosphate buffer solution alone or with added glycerol, milk fat, lactose, or casein was frozen and stored at -18 degrees C. At suitable intervals, samples of cell suspensions were thawed at 35 degrees C and plated on suitable media to distinguish between surviving injured and noninjured cells of L. monocytogenes. Glycerol (2 or 4%) protected L. monocytogenes from death and injury during frozen storage for up to 6 mo; however, when 2% glycerol was present, 30 min of frozen storage had to elapse after completion of freezing before protection against death was evident. During short-term (2 wk or less) frozen storage, lactose, milk fat, and casein, each at 2%, provided better protection to L. monocytogenes than did 2% glycerol. During long-term frozen storage, milk components, each at 2%, protected L. monocytogenes against death and injury, but less than that provided by glycerol. Protection by lactose and milk fat against death during frozen storage was observed during 4 wk and against injury during 5 mo and 4 wk of frozen storage, respectively. Protection by casein against death and injury occurred during frozen storage for up to 6 mo. Salts that simulate milk ultrafiltrate provided almost no protection to L. monocytogenes during freezing and frozen storage. Increasing the concentration of milk fat from 2 to 4% resulted in almost no change in death of L. monocytogenes, but in a decrease in injury only during the first 24 h of frozen storage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: el-Kest
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Marth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002364:Caseins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005519:Food Preservation; D005615:Freezing; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007785:Lactose / Q000494:pharmacology; D008055:Lipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D008055:Lipids; D007785:Lactose; D005990:Glycerol