title: Chloramphenicol therapy of typhoid fever.
abstract: In a prospective study we compared two different dosage regimens of IV chloramphenicol succinate (100 mg/kg/day and 75 mg/kg/day) in children with culture proven typhoid. Trough and peak blood samples, obtained at 48 hrs, were analysed for free chloramphenicol by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Although the mean trough (8.8 +/- 7.7 versus 5.4 +/- 2.6 mcg/ml) and peak (19.9 +/- 12.2 versus 15.4 +/- 6.1 mcg/ml) chloramphenicol concentrations were comparable in both groups, a significantly wider range was found in the group receiving 100 mg/kg/day. Potentially toxic levels (greater than 30 mcg/ml) developed in two patients with liver dysfunction. Chloramphenicol in a dosage of 75 mg/kg/day is adequate and safe for the treatment of paediatric typhoid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Bhutta
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Naqvi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Durrani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suria
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D002701:Chloramphenicol