title: Depressive symptoms among Puerto Ricans: island poor compared with residents of the New York City area.
abstract: This paper compares the distribution and sociodemographic patterns of depressive symptoms among two groups of Puerto Ricans. The data employed for the analysis are from a probability sample of two communities of adults. Puerto Ricans living in poor residential areas on the Island (n = 1,658) and those living in the New York City area (n = 1,267). The first group was interviewed during 1989, and the second during 1984. Symptoms of depression were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results show that Puerto Ricans residing in the New York City area and the Island poor have similar levels of high depressive symptomatology, 28.1% and 28.6%, respectively. Results of the logistic regression analysis indicated that female sex, low educational level, low household income, and unemployment are predictors of high depressive symptoms for both samples. These results are similar to findings for other ethnic groups. For Puerto Ricans living in New York, the effect of interviewing in Spanish on high depressive symptoms diminishes after sex, education, and income variables are controlled.
authors.affiliation: Center for Evaluation and Sociomedical Research, School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vera
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alegría
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Robles
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ríos
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ríos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D011203:Poverty; D011581:Psychological Tests; D011647:Puerto Rico / Q000208:ethnology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors