title: Effect of allixin, a phytoalexin produced by garlic, on mutagenesis, DNA-binding and metabolism of aflatoxin B1.
abstract: Allixin, a phytoalexin isolated from garlic, was examined for its effects on aflatoxin B1(AFB1)-induced mutagenesis using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 as the bacterial tester strain and rat liver S9 fraction as the metabolic activation system. The effects of allixin on the binding of [3H]AFB1 to calf thymus DNA and on the formation of metabolites of [3H]AFB1 were also determined. Allixin showed a dose-related inhibition of Histidine+ revertants induced by AFB1. Allixin at 75 micrograms/ml inhibited [3H]AFB1 binding to calf thymus DNA and reduced formation of AFB1-DNA adducts. In addition, allixin exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition of the formation of organosoluble metabolites and the glutathione conjugates of [3H]AFB1. The data indicate that the effect of allixin on AFB1-induced mutagenesis and binding of metabolites to DNA may be mediated through an inhibition of microsomal P-450 enzymes. Allixin may thus be useful in the chemoprevention of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, California 92350.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Teel
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D005737:Garlic; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011753:Pyrones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D002273:Carcinogens; D011753:Pyrones; D014316:Tritium; C070727:allixin; D004247:DNA; D016604:Aflatoxin B1