title: Induction of the HTLV-I LTR by Jun occurs through the Tax-responsive 21-bp elements.
abstract: The HTLV-I LTR is known to be induced by a variety of cellular signals. Tax protein is one potent viral trans-activator of LTR-directed transcription. We demonstrate here that Jun is another transcription factor that can strongly modulate the activity of this LTR. Using deletion and competition studies, the minimal portion of the LTR for Jun activation was found to coincide with the Tax-responsive 21-bp elements. In binding experiments, nuclear factors that bound to the HTLV-I 21-bp sequence were competed by an excess of AP-1 motif oligonucleotide. Although the Tax-responsive elements do not contain a strictly conserved AP-1 motif, these findings suggest that they function as AP-1 sites. We found, however, that in cells depleted for AP-1 activity (F9 teratocarcinoma), Tax activation of the HTLV-I LTR was maintained. Thus while Jun/AP-1 may be involved in the basal expression of the HTLV-I LTR, it may not be essential for Tax-mediated activation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Jeang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D016356:Gene Products, tax / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016356:Gene Products, tax; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases