title: Application of ELISA-ABC method to the identification of minute human bloodstains.
abstract: Bloodstained threads (1 cm in length) were tested to identify human origin by a direct ELISA-ABC method using biotinylated antibody against human HbA0. By this method human bloodstains were clearly distinguishable from bloodstains of other species including Japanese monkey. The minimum detection limit of bloodstains prepared from undiluted human whole blood was 1:5, 120 (28 ng Hb) and that of bloodstains from diluted human whole blood was 1:640-1:1, 280. Human Hb was more easily detectable in bloodstains prepared from diluted human blood after extraction with 5% ammonia than after extraction with phosphate-buffered saline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokiwa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katsura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001801:Blood Stains; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013045:Species Specificity