Hypertension sustains plaque progression despite reduction of hypercholesterolemia.
To assess the effect of hypertension on diet-induced coronary artery plaques after a return to a nonatherogenic diet, 10 cynomolgus monkeys were fed an induction regimen containing 2% cholesterol and 25% peanut oil for 6 months and then were subjected to midthoracic aortic coarctation to induce hypertension. The animals were then fed a nonatherogenic "prudent" ration for 6 additional months (hypertension-regression group). Twelve additional monkeys were fed the atherogenic diet for 6 months; six were killed (lesion-induction control group) and six were changed to the prudent diet for 6 additional months without coarctation (normotension-regression control group). At the end of the induction period, cholesterol levels averaged 744 +/- 178 mg/dl for the 22 animals and were similar for the three groups throughout the induction period. For the animals restored to the nonatherogenic diet (hypertension-regression and normotension-regression groups), serum cholesterol levels fell to 486 +/- 252 mg/dl at 1 month, to 341 +/- 162 mg/dl at 2 months, and to 234 +/- 78 mg/dl at 6 months. There was no significant difference between the hypertensive and normotensive animals. Six months after coarctation, blood pressure proximal to the coarctations for the hypertension-regression group ranged from 100/60 to 220/145 mm Hg with a mean of 166/103 +/- 36/28 mm Hg. Cross-sectional area of coronary plaques was somewhat lower for the normotension-regression control group compared with the lesion-induction control group, but the difference was not significant. Plaque area was, however, markedly greater in the hypertension-regression group than in either the lesion-induction or the normotension-regression groups (p less than 0.05 for each) despite progressive reduction in hyperlipidemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Xu
C P
CP
Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Ill. 60637.
Glagov
S
S
Zatina
M A
MA
Zarins
C K
CK
D000818:Animals; D001017:Aortic Coarctation; D001158:Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000473:pathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male
D002784:Cholesterol