title: Burnished versus nonburnished application of citric acid to human diseased root surfaces: the effect of time and method of application.
abstract: Citric acid (pH = 1) was applied passively or by vigorous burnishing for 3 or 5 minutes to diseased human root surfaces following root planning in vitro. Control surfaces were similarly treated with saline only. Teeth were fixed in glutaraldehyde, dehydrated, freeze-dried, and sputter coated with gold for scanning electron microscopic viewing. Results suggested that optimal exposure of collagen and demineralization occurred with the burnishing application of citric acid for 3 minutes. Although somewhat similar results were found with passive application for 5 minutes, the result of the burnishing application for 5 minutes was that the root was overdemineralized or that the exposed collagen was completely obscured by an amorphous layer that was suggestive of protein denaturization.
authors.affiliation: University of Tennessee, College of Dentistry, Memphis 38163.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Codelli
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Fry
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D002951:Citrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019343:Citric Acid; D003094:Collagen / Q000187:drug effects; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004846:Epithelial Attachment / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D019343:Citric Acid; D003094:Collagen