title: Gamma interferon production in endotoxin-responder and -nonresponder mice during infection.
abstract: The production of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in response to infection and to a number of other agents was compared in Lpsn (C3H/HeN and C57BL/10ScSn) and Lpsd (C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr) mouse strains. Large differences in IFN-gamma production were observed between C57BL/10ScCr mice and the other mouse strains. With the exception of C57BL/10ScCr, all mouse strains, including C3H/HeJ, exhibited transient levels of IFN-gamma during infection with Salmonella typhimurium. Spleen cells of these mice, explanted on day 3 of infection, produced in vitro IFN-gamma spontaneously; this production was enhanced considerably by heat-killed S. typhimurium, heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes, concanavalin A (ConA), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These stimuli, except for LPS, also induced IFN-gamma production in cultures of normal spleen cells from noninfected animals. In contrast, C57BL/10ScCr mice produced no IFN-gamma following infection with S. typhimurium. Also, spleen cells of these mice, explanted on day 3 of infection, exhibited no spontaneous IFN-gamma production. A marginal response was obtained by additional stimulation of the cells with killed S. typhimurium, and a moderate response was obtained with ConA. Normal spleen cells from noninfected C57BL/10ScCr mice showed no IFN-gamma response to killed S. typhimurium, killed P. acnes, or LPS and only a low response to ConA. Impaired IFN-gamma production in C57BL/10ScCr mice was also evident during infection with Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi, with which a low IFN-gamma response was seen only occasionally. Also, spleen cells from infected animals (days 2 to 8 after infection) exhibited only a very low level of IFN-gamma production in vitro; however, this production could be enhanced further by ConA. In comparison, C57BL/10ScSn mice infected with P. chabaudi chabaudi produced significant amounts of IFN-gamma. Spleen cells explanted from infected animals produced IFN-gamma spontaneously in vitro; this production was enhanced further by killed P. acnes and ConA. The results showed that in addition to the defect in LPS responsiveness, C57BL/10ScCr mice possess a defect in IFN-gamma production in response to different stimuli. During infection, IFN-gamma production and sensitization to LPS occurred in parallel. Infected Lpsn mice exhibited enhanced sensitivity and infected Lpsd C3H/HeJ mice exhibited reasonable sensitivity to the lethal effects of LPS. Lpsd C57BL/10ScCr mice remained resistant to LPS when infected with S. typhimurium and exhibited only marginal sensitivity when infected with P. chabaudi chabaudi.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Freudenberg
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meding
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Langhorne
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galanos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008288:Malaria / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000378:metabolism*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D007371:Interferon-gamma