Physiological classification of sleep-wake states: based on tri-vesicular (3V) model of the brain.
A new physiological classification of sleep-wake states, based on a novel Tri-Vesicular (3V) model of the brain is proposed. The 3V model consists of an interconnected network of three primal brain vesicles, namely, right and left Arch-Encephalon (Mesencephalon + Diencephalon + Telencephalon) and one DeuterEncephalon (Metencephalon + Myelencephalon). Nine sleep-wake states are defined on the basis of the central activational index (activation and/or inhibition of the 3 brain vesicles), and the level of global arousal. Four sleep states I-IV, four wake states I-IV, and one transitional sleep-wake state, are characterized. The four sleep states correspond with the four non-REM sleep stages, the transitional sleep-wake state correlates with REM sleep, and four wake states are defined in terms of minimal, low, moderate, and high, global behavioral arousal. Three sets of data in the form of polysomnographic and aerobic exercise studies in five adult subjects, and 30 days' data of self-monitored arousal and oro-nasal breathing patterns, are provided in support of this physiological classification of sleep-wake states and the 3V brain model.
Department of Neurology, University of Florida Medical Center, Jacksonville 32209.
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Deshmukh
D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004576:Electromyography; D004585:Electrooculography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*