Actions and interactions of cholinolytics and cholinesterase reactivators in the treatment of acute organophosphorus toxicity.
Different drug combinations consisting of cholinolytic and a cholinesterase (ChE) reactivator provide greater therapeutic efficacy in acute organophosphorus (OP) poisoning in mice than when used alone. Maximum protection, as determined by a shift of the LD50 for the two OP agents, was observed with the cholinolytic benactyzine. A protection index (P.I.) of 42 was obtained when benactyzine was given along with obidoxime in diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (DFP) intoxication. With the more toxic OP agent soman (o-pinacolylmethylphosphonofluoridate), the same cholinolytic only offered a maximum P.I. of 3.2 when administered with HS-6, another bispyridinium ChE reactivator. This beneficial effect of benactyzine is possibly due to its greater antimuscarinic effect in the central nervous system than atropine or dexetimide.
Division of Pharmacology, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, India.
S
S
Das Gupta
A K
AK
Ghosh
B L
BL
Chowdhri
S N
SN
Asthana
B S
BS
Batra
D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001535:Benactyzine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009768:Obidoxime Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D062025:Organophosphate Poisoning; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use
D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds; C003027:HS 6; D009768:Obidoxime Chloride; D001535:Benactyzine