Determination of S-100 and glial fibrillary acidic protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid after brain infarction.
OBJECTIVE
We initiated the present study to evaluate the clinical value of consecutive concentration determinations of S-100 and glial fibrillary acidic proteins in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with brain infarction.


METHODS
We took sequential samples of cerebrospinal fluid from 28 patients within 48 hours, at 7 days, and at 18-21 days after the ictus. We measured astroglial protein concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and also determined size of the infarction (computed tomography), clinical state of the patient (simplified activities of daily living test), blood-brain barrier dysfunction (cerebrospinal fluid/serum albumin ratio), and a myelin marker (myelin basic protein).


RESULTS
We found a transient increase of both proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid during the first week after the ischemic stroke (p less than 0.05). This increment was significantly correlated with the size of the infarction and the clinical state of the patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Transient release of astroglial proteins into the cerebrospinal fluid possibly reflects initial focal ischemic damage and, in the later phase, ongoing destruction of astroglial cells in the penumbra zone. We suggest that determinations of cerebrospinal fluid astroglial protein concentrations can be used to estimate ischemic brain damage, which should be of particular value in clinical trials of pharmacological agents, such as calcium antagonists, on stroke patients.
Aurell
A
A
Institute of Neurobiology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Rosengren
L E
LE
Karlsson
B
B
Olsson
J E
JE
Zbornikova
V
V
Haglid
K G
KG
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D009418:S100 Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin