Determinants of expressed emotion in families of disturbed and normal children.
Both high expressed emotion (EE) and psychiatric disorders were frequent in the parents of children and adolescents with disruptive behavior disorder (DBD, N = 34) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD, N = 49) compared to normal controls (NC, N = 41). Parental psychiatric diagnosis was significantly related to high-EE in fathers (p = .0002) and mothers (p = .0001) of all groups combined, and in parents of the ill groups (p = .03). Absence of diagnosis was associated with low-EE in fathers (p = .0006) and mothers (p = .04) of the controls. Psychiatric diagnosis was the only significant predictor for high-EE in fathers, while for mothers child's diagnosis was a stronger predictor.
Child Psychiatry Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
E D
ED
Hibbs
S D
SD
Hamburger
M
M
Lenane
J L
JL
Rapoport
M J
MJ
Kruesi
C S
CS
Keysor
M J
MJ
Goldstein
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010553:Personality Development; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors