Actions and interactions of cholinolytics and cholinesterase reactivators in the treatment of acute organophosphorus toxicity.
Different drug combinations consisting of cholinolytic and a cholinesterase (ChE) reactivator provide greater therapeutic efficacy in acute organophosphorus (OP) poisoning in mice than when used alone. Maximum protection, as determined by a shift of the LD50 for the two OP agents, was observed with the cholinolytic benactyzine. A protection index (P.I.) of 42 was obtained when benactyzine was given along with obidoxime in diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (DFP) intoxication. With the more toxic OP agent soman (o-pinacolylmethylphosphonofluoridate), the same cholinolytic only offered a maximum P.I. of 3.2 when administered with HS-6, another bispyridinium ChE reactivator. This beneficial effect of benactyzine is possibly due to its greater antimuscarinic effect in the central nervous system than atropine or dexetimide.
Das Gupta
S
S
Division of Pharmacology, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, India.
Ghosh
A K
AK
Chowdhri
B L
BL
Asthana
S N
SN
Batra
B S
BS
D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001535:Benactyzine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009768:Obidoxime Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D062025:Organophosphate Poisoning; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use
D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds; C003027:HS 6; D009768:Obidoxime Chloride; D001535:Benactyzine