title: Prediction of in situ exposure to ultrasound: a proposed standard experimental method.
abstract: This article presents results for the prediction of in situ exposure levels using a new experimental technique based on the use of acoustical attenuators. These are made of low-density polyethylene and are placed in the ultrasound beam between the transducer face and the measuring hydrophone. The method has been tested for a number of different ultrasonic fields including those generated by diagnostic medical ultrasonic equipment. Using a tissue-mimicking material as a reference, it is shown that it is possible to use this new method to simulate acoustic pressure levels to within +/- 10% and acoustic intensity and power levels within +/- 20%. The method is proposed as the basis for a standard test method with wide applicability.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation Science and Acoustics, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, England.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zeqiri
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008961:Models, Structural; D011095:Polyethylenes; D011312:Pressure; D011336:Probability; D012449:Safety; D013997:Time Factors; D014159:Transducers; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D011095:Polyethylenes; D014867:Water