title: Regulation of interleukin 6 production in T helper cells.
abstract: The cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cellular regulatory molecule that is produced by both lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells in response to several stimuli. In this report we present evidence that within the murine T cell compartment T helper type 2 cells (Th2) produce this lymphokine, whereas unprimed CD4+ T cells and a T helper type 1 clone (Th1) do not. Furthermore, IL-6 is not an autocrine growth factor for in vitro cultured Th cells, in contrast to what occurs in freshly isolated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We have examined the signal transduction pathways that lead to IL-6 production in activated Th2 cells. We have found that protein kinase C activators, such as PMA, Con A, or IL-1, increase the IL-6 expression in these cells. On the other hand, activation of the cAMP-dependent pathway does not seem to have an effect on the IL-6 production, since forskolin, 8BrcAMP, or TNF-alpha, which in these cells increases the level of intracellular cAMP, do not lead to an accumulation of IL-6 message. These results indicate that the IL-6 gene is more tightly regulated in T cells than in other systems described previously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zubiaga
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Munoz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merrow
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Huber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015759:Ionomycin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011493:Protein Kinase C