title: Antifungal chemoprophylaxis in cancer children: a prospective randomized controlled study.
abstract: We report a prospective, randomized, controlled study of antifungal chemoprophylaxis in forty immunocompromised children with hematologic malignancies, receiving respectively itraconazole, ketoconazole, amphotericin-B and no prophylaxis. Fungal isolates from patients' saliva or stools were obtained from 19/40 patients (Candida albicans from 15 patients). Disseminated infection was never observed. Fungal isolates were significantly less frequent in the ketoconazole group of patients vs any other group. Systemic antifungal chemoprophylaxis with ketoconazole appears more effective even than the recently introduced itraconazole.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caselli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aricò
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michelone
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavanna
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nespoli
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Burgio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D017964:Itraconazole; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009181:Mycoses / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; D007654:Ketoconazole