title: High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of occupational exposure to the pesticide abamectin.
abstract: As part of a survey of occupational exposure to pesticides in greenhouses for growing ornamentals, analytical methods were developed and validated for the measurement of exposure of workers to the pesticide abamectin. Abamectin consists of a mixture of avermectin-B1a and avermectin-B1b, which are members of a class of fermentation products of the soil microorganism Streptomyces Avermitilis. Because of the high molecular weight of the avermectins (greater than 800 daltons), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was the analytical method of choice. Previously described HPLC methods that used fluorescence detection were adapted and validated for the determination of dermal exposure by the analysis of cotton gloves and foliar dislodgeable residue. IOM samplers (developed at the Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, U.K.) for collecting the inspirable fraction of dust or aerosols were tested for the determination of airborne abamectin concentrations in greenhouses. An analytical procedure considerably simpler than published methods appeared suitable for the determination of abamectin residues on cotton gloves and on greenhouse foliage. Analytical recovery from cotton gloves, solutions of foliar dislodgeable residues, and air-sampling filters was essentially complete. However, air concentrations of abamectin could not be reliably measured by using the IOM sampling device because of breakdown during sampling. Between-day coefficients of variation for solutions of dislodgeable residue and cotton glove extracts were between 3% and 6% for abamectin concentrations between 5 and 140 micrograms/L.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Toxicology, Medical Biological Laboratory, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jongen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Leenheers
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D007306:Insecticides; C048324:abamectin; D007559:Ivermectin