title: Alcohol intake: a risk factor for psoriasis in young and middle aged men?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the nature of the association between alcohol intake and psoriasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study of men aged 19-50 with onset of skin disease in 1976 or later.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient clinics of the departments of dermatology of the university central hospitals in Helsinki, Oulu, and Tampere from September 1987 to April 1989.
  
  
  METHODS
  144 Patients with psoriasis and 285 unmatched controls with other skin diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results of clinical examination and self administered questionnaire assessing lifestyle and alcohol intake during two specified periods--namely, 12 months before the onset of skin disease and 12 months before the date of examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recalled mean alcohol intake before the onset of skin diseases was 42.9 g/day among the patients with psoriasis and 21.0 g/day among the controls. In logistic regression analysis psoriasis was associated with alcohol intake but not with coffee consumption, smoking, age, marital state, or social group. The odds ratio for psoriasis at an alcohol intake of 100 g/day compared with no intake was 2.2 (95% confidence interval 1.3 to 3.9). The controls decreased their alcohol intake after the onset of the disease but the group with psoriasis did not. Analysis of serum enzyme values showed that gamma-glutamyltransferase activity was significantly correlated with alcohol intake (r = 0.35), the mean activity being 75.0 U/l among patients with psoriasis and 41.9 U/l among controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alcohol is a risk factor for psoriasis in young and middle aged men, and psoriasis may sustain drinking.
authors.affiliation: National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Poikolainen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reunala
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karvonen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lauharanta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kärkkäinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000502:physiology*; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000150:complications; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003069:Coffee / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases