title: Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as acute spontaneous haemothorax.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma may present in various ways, but only a few instances present with symptoms of distant metastases. This report describes a case of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with acute haemothorax and haemorrhagic shock secondary to spontaneous rupture of chest wall metastasis. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a frequent malignancy in Asia and should be considered in the list of differential diagnosis of spontaneous haemothorax.
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Liew
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Liaw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications* / Q000556:secondary; D006491:Hemothorax / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D013899:Thoracic Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*