title: Effect of ingested carbohydrate, fat, and protein on the release of somatostatin-28 in humans.
abstract: The level of somatostatin-28, a bioactive peptide derived from pro-somatostatin in gastrointestinal epithelial cells, increases in human plasma after food intake. To determine if an equivalent response occurs with individual components of a mixed meal, somatostatin-28 and prosomatostatin, somatostatin-14, and somatostatin-13, in combination, were measured in healthy men before and after intake of (a) a mixed meal (715 kcal), (b) carbohydrate (100 g equivalent glucose), (c) protein (22 and 45 g), and (d) fat (25 and 50 g). After the mixed meal, somatostatin-28 levels doubled within 120 min and gradually declined by 4 h. With carbohydrate, somatostatin-28 levels were unaltered. After 22 and 45 g of protein, somatostatin-28 increased equivalently within 60 min, representing 30% of the amount with the mixed meal. With 25 g fat, a somatostatin-28 increase similar to that with the meal was seen; this response was doubled with 50 g fat. No changes in prosomatostatin, somatostatin-14, or somatostatin-13 were observed with the mixed meal or with the separate macronutrients. The authors conclude that fat is the major stimulus for somatostatin-28 secretion in humans and hypothesize that somatostatin-28 is an inhibitor of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas during nutrient absorption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ensinck
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Laschansky
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Francis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012016:Reference Values; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053561:Somatostatin-28; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D013004:Somatostatin; D053561:Somatostatin-28