title: Moebius syndrome with central hypoventilation and brainstem calcification: a case report.
abstract: Moebius syndrome (MS) is described in an infant with central hypoventilation and brainstem calcification. The patient had limb defects and bilateral paralysis of the 6th, 7th, 9th, 10th, and 12th cranial nerves. Mechanical ventilation was continued from birth because of shallow spontaneous respiration. Computed tomography revealed brainstem atrophy and four small calcifications restricted to the dorsal portion of the pons and medulla. Prenatal brainstem injury such as ischaemia may have caused MS and central hypoventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kukita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000010:Abducens Nerve; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003025:Clubfoot; D003389:Cranial Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006228:Hand Deformities, Congenital / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007040:Hypoventilation / Q000150:complications*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010243:Paralysis / Q000150:complications*; D013577:Syndrome; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed