title: Neurohormonal regulation of ion transport in the porcine distal jejunum. Actions of somatostatin-14 and its natural and synthetic homologs.
abstract: The tetradecapeptide somatostatin-14 (SS-14) has been found to alter electrogenic ion transport in the rat, guinea pig and rabbit intestinal mucosa in vitro. In this study, the actions of SS-14 and related peptides on mucosal ion transport were investigated in the intestinal tract of the pig, a species whose digestive physiology is similar to man. The contraluminal- but not luminal-side administration of SS-14 (1-1000 nmol/l) to sheets of mucosa-submucosa obtained from different regions of the porcine small intestine and colon produced rapid, sustained decreases in short-circuit current (lsc), a measure of active ion transport, that were localized to segments of the distal jejunum. The magnitude of this peptide action was greater in tissues manifesting a serosapositive basal potential difference greater than 0 mV than in those displaying a spontaneous potential difference less than 0 mV. Under basal conditions, SS-14 produced a maximum decrease in distal jejunal lsc which was nearly twice that produced by its synthetic analog SMS 201,995 (octreotide); the two peptides inhibited lsc with similar potencies. SS-14 (10 nmol/l) increased the lumen-to-serosa transepithelial Cl flux and eliminated net residual flux. Mucosal lsc responses to SS-14 were absent in tissues bathed in HCO3-free media. Peptide actions were generally resistant to inhibitors of epithelial anion exchange, Na-proton exchange and NaCl cotransport. The adenylate cyclase activator forskolin (1 mumol/l) and the cyclic AMP analog 8-bromo-cyclic AMP (0.3 mmol/l) evoked net Cl secretion which was associated with rapid and sustained elevations in lsc.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Biology, St. Paul.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Overend
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Treder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002712:Chlorides; D004573:Electrolytes; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D013004:Somatostatin; D000242:Cyclic AMP