title: Polycystic ovary syndrome: interaction of follicle stimulating hormone and polypeptide growth factors in oestradiol production by human granulosa cells.
abstract: The mechanism of the ovarian dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome, the most common cause of anovulatory infertility, remains obscure. Clinical data suggest that follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) action may be inhibited at the ovarian level by paracrine factors derived, presumably, from interstitial cells. The greater responsiveness to FSH of granulosa cells isolated from polycystic ovaries (PCO) compared with that seen in cells derived from normal ovaries, provides some support for this hypothesis and we present data which suggests that epidermal growth factor, or more likely transforming growth factor alpha, could be a candidate for this inhibitor. It should be emphasized, however, that the cardinal biochemical feature of the PCO is hypersecretion of androgens by interstitial cells. Stromal tissue from the PCO will secrete significant quantities of androstenedione in response to LH, whereas there is a negligible response in stroma from normal ovaries. It remains to be determined whether androgens have a direct inhibitory effect on FSH-induced oestradiol production in the human follicle, or whether they might exert an indirect effect by activating inhibitory polypeptide growth factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, London, England.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franks
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D013002:Somatomedins; D004958:Estradiol; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone