title: Homologous nuclear genes encode cytoplasmic and mitochondrial glutamine synthetase in Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: We describe the cloning of the glutamine synthetase 1 (GS1) gene based on cross-homology with the glutamine synthetase 2 (GS2) gene in Drosophila melanogaster. We have determined the GS gene number in the Drosophila genome, and we describe the isolation of cDNA clones corresponding to the two isoforms, their entire sequence and their transcription pattern. We looked for subcellular localization of one enzymic isoform; in this way, we were able to locate the GS1 enzyme within the mitochondria of D. melanogaster. We have compared different GS sequences from plants and humans; emerging evolutionary implications are discussed. In addition, we have identified a certain highly stable secondary structure at the nucleotide level in the coding region of isoforms located in the organella.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Genetica, Università di Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caizzi
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Bozzetti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caggese
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ritossa
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D015870:Gene Expression; D015698:Genomic Library; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase