title: Stomach and duodenal alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes in Chinese.
abstract: Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isozyme phenotypes were determined in surgical and endoscopic biopsies of the stomach and duodenum by agarose isoelectric focusing. gamma-ADH was found to be the predominant form in the mucosal layer whereas beta-ADH was predominant in the muscular layer. Low-Km ALDH1 and ALDH2 were found in the stomach and duodenum. High-Km ALDH3 isozymes occurred only in the stomach but not in the duodenum. The isozyme patterns of gastric mucosal ALDH2 and ALDH3 remained unchanged in the fundus, corpus, and antrum. The stomach ALDH3 isozymes exhibited a Km value for acetaldehyde of 75 mM, and an optimum for acetaldehyde oxidation at pH 8.5. Since the Km value was high, ALDH3 contributed very little, if any, to gastric ethanol metabolism. The activities of ALDH in the gastric mucosa deficient in ALDH2 were 60-70% of that of the ALDH2-active phenotypes. These results indicate that Chinese lacking ALDH2 activity may have a lower acetaldehyde oxidation rate in the stomach during alcohol consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis*; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000201:enzymology*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase