title: Human in vitro allogeneic responses. Demonstration of three pathways of T helper cell activation.
abstract: In our study, we have measured in vitro proliferation and IL-2 production by human PBL to characterize the interactions between Th cells and accessory cells (AC) involved in responses to either conventional Ag or alloantigens. IL-2 production and proliferative responses to conventional Ag, such as influenza or tetanus, are exclusively dependent on the presence of CD4+ T cells and AC. In contrast, IL-2 and proliferative responses to alloantigen can be mediated by either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. CD4+ T cells respond to alloantigen using either autologous AC (self-restricted), or allogeneic AC (allo-restricted), whereas CD8+ T cells respond to alloantigen using allogeneic AC only. The understanding of Th cell-AC interactions involved in in vitro allogeneic responses will be important for delineating the Th cell-AC interactions involved in transplantation immunity as well as in clinical disorders characterized by T cell dysfunction such as human immunodeficiency virus infection and systemic lupus erythematosus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore 21201.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Via
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Tsokos
authors.forename: N I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Stocks
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clerici
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Shearer
mesh_terms: D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D012995:Solubility; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D001324:Autoantigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007519:Isoantigens; D013744:Tetanus Toxin