title: Systemic and renal effects of a new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, benazepril, in essential hypertension.
abstract: Seventeen essential hypertensive patients with normal renal function were treated with a new non-sulphydryl orally active angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, benazepril, 10 mg given once or twice daily, according to diastolic blood pressure levels, for 6 weeks. In all patients, changes in blood pressure, systemic and renal hemodynamics, plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone and albumin excretions were assessed at the end of a 2-week placebo run-in period and at the end of the study. Benazepril monotherapy controlled blood pressure well. No changes in cardiac output, heart rate or stroke volume were observed, while peripheral vascular resistance was significantly decreased (-11%, P less than 0.05). Plasma volume was unaltered. The glomerular filtration rate was stable, but effective renal plasma flow was increased because of the marked reduction in renal vascular resistance (-35%) and, therefore, the filtration fraction was decreased. Urinary albumin excretion remained unchanged. A significant increase in plasma renin activity (P less than 0.001) and a decrease in urinary aldosterone excretion were seen. No side effects were observed during the treatment period. In conclusion, our results suggest that benazepril alone is an effective antihypertensive agent in patients with essential hypertension. The blood pressure lowering effect is due mainly to systemic vasodilation and is observed up to 24 h after administration of the drug. The vasodilation appears to be more consistent in the renal than in the systemic circulation.
authors.affiliation: Divisione Clinicizzata di Nefrologia, Istituti Ospitalieri di Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valvo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Casagrande
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bedogna
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Antiga
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alberti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zamboni
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perobelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dal Santo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maschio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000652:urine; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001552:Benzazepines; D004573:Electrolytes; D000450:Aldosterone; D012083:Renin; C044946:benazepril