title: A soluble form of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 inhibits rhinovirus infection.
abstract: Rhinoviruses belong to the picornavirus family and cause about 50% of common colds. Most rhinoviruses and some coxsackie viruses share a common receptor on human cells. The glycoprotein intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) has recently been identified as the cellular receptor for the subgroup of rhinoviruses known as the major groups. ICAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin supergene family and is a ligand for lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1); these ICAM-1/LFA-1 interactions are critical to many cell adhesion processes involved in the immunological response. Because anti-ICAM-1 antibodies can block binding of major-group rhinoviruses to cells, we considered that antagonism of virus-receptor interaction might be a way of preventing rhinovirus infection. We have constructed and purified a soluble form of the ICAM-1 molecule, which is normally membrane-bound, and demonstrated that it is a potent and specific inhibitor of rhinovirus infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Marlin
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Staunton
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Springer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stratowa
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sommergruber
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Merluzzi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001483:Base Sequence; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000187:drug effects; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000187:drug effects*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000187:drug effects*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1