title: Role of beta-adrenergic agonists in the control of vascular capacitance.
abstract: The role of beta-adrenergic agonists, such as isoproterenol, on vascular capacitance is unclear. Some investigators have suggested that isoproterenol causes a net transfer of blood to the chest from the splanchnic bed. We tested this hypothesis in dogs by measuring liver thickness, cardiac output, cardiopulmonary blood volume, mean circulatory filling pressure, portal venous, central venous, pulmonary arterial, and systemic arterial pressures while infusing norepinephrine (2.6 micrograms.min-1.kg-1), or isoproterenol (2.0 micrograms.min-1.kg-1), or histamine (4 micrograms.min-1.kg-1), or a combination of histamine and isoproterenol. Norepinephrine (an alpha- and beta 1-adrenergic agonist) decreased hepatic thickness and increased mean circulatory filling pressure, cardiac output, cardiopulmonary blood volume, total peripheral resistance, and systemic arterial and portal pressures. Isoproterenol increased cardiac output and decreased total peripheral resistance, but it had little effect on liver thickness or mean circulatory filling pressure and did not increase the cardiopulmonary blood volume or central venous pressure. Histamine caused a marked increase in portal pressure and liver thickness and decreased cardiac output, but it had little effect on the estimated mean circulatory filling pressure. Isoproterenol during histamine infusions reduced histamine-induced portal hypertension, reduced liver size, and increased cardiac output. We conclude that the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, has little influence on vascular capacitance or liver volume of dogs, unless the hepatic outflow resistance is elevated by agents such as histamine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5120.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Rothe
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Flanagan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maass-Moreno
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008102:Liver Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D006632:Histamine; D007545:Isoproterenol; D009638:Norepinephrine