title: Leukocyte inhibitory factor activates human neutrophils and macrophages to release leukotriene B4 and thromboxanes.
abstract: Recent evidence has proved that cytokines can stimulate the production of 5-lipoxygenase products. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a major mediator of leukocyte activation in acute inflammatory reactions, which produce chemotaxis, lysosomal enzyme release, and cell aggregation. Leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) also causes biological responses related to inflammation, i.e., LIF directly induces specific granule secretion by polymorphonuclears (PMNs) and potentiates many formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLPs) mediated responses. Since arachidonic acid products are important mediators of inflammation, we have studied the effects of LIF on the arachidonic acid cascade products LTB4 and thromboxane A2 (TxA2). Resuspended at a final concentration of greater than 95% polymorphonuclear PMNs were isolated and tested with some cytokines on the release of LTB4 and TxA2. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and seeded in Petri dishes and incubated for 60 min. Adherent macrophages were used for the cytokine stimulation study. Both types of leukocytes were treated with LIF, interleukin 6 (IL 6), and granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) at different concentrations, and test agents A23187 and FMLP. Radioimmunoassay for LTB4 and TxB2 was determined by the resulting supernatants. Treatment of PMNs and macrophages with LIF at different concentrations proved to generate significant increases in LTB4 and TxA2 production. This was compared with IL 6 and GM-CSF, which had no effects. In these experiments, TxA2 generations could not be attributed to platelet contamination of PMN suspensions. The quantity of platelet contamination was not sufficient to influence how much TxB2 was produced. The similarities of LIF to other arachidonate stimulating cytokines suggest a similar mode of action in producing hematologic changes typical of tissue injury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Immunology Division, University of Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reale
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Barbacane
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bongrazio
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Panara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fiore
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dempsey
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Borish
mesh_terms: D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D013931:Thromboxanes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D008222:Lymphokines; D013931:Thromboxanes; C010598:leukocyte inhibitory factor; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D000001:Calcimycin; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor