title: Peritoneal eosinophilia associated with Paecilomyces variotii infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
abstract: A 65-year-old woman maintained on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) presented with a 5-month history of intermittent cloudy bags and sterile peritoneal and peripheral blood eosinophilia, which failed to clear despite conventional antibiotics. Impaired catheter inflow and delayed effluent drainage gradually occurred and intracatheter streptokinase, administered to rectify catheter dysfunction, dislodged a catheter cast composed of fungal hyphae of Paecilomyces variotii. Fungal peritonitis and Paecilomyces fungemia ensued, which were treated with amphotericin B and catheter removal. Peripheral eosinophilia rapidly resolved. Paecilomyces is a saprophytic fungus found in soil and water that is capable of infecting prosthetic devices. Eosinophils may have accumulated in this case in response to particulate fungal cell antigens being washed into the peritoneal cavity during dialysis. Chronic fungal catheter infection should be excluded in cases of late onset, persistant peritoneal eosinophilia on CAPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Royal Newcastle Hospital, Australia.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Nankivell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pacey
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010143:Paecilomyces / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000382:microbiology*