title: Recurrent massive pleural effusion due to pleural, pericardial, and epicardial fibrosis in histoplasmosis.
abstract: Acute histoplasmosis is generally a benign, self-limited pulmonary infection. Although Histoplasma capsulatum pneumonitis is common, pleural effusions associated with histoplasmosis are quite rare, and massive pleural effusions have not been reported. There have been several reports of pericardial fibrosis secondary to histoplasmosis, but epicardial fibrosis has not been described. We report a biopsy-proven case of histoplasmosis initially associated with recurrent massive pleural effusions and excessive pleural fibrosis causing a trapped lung. The patient later developed constrictive pericarditis. Despite pericardiectomy, severe cor pulmonale occurred, and the patient died. Necropsy demonstrated fibrosis of the epicardium.
authors.affiliation: University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kilburn
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: McKinsey
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006660:Histoplasmosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010496:Pericardium / Q000473:pathology; D010994:Pleura / Q000473:pathology; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011859:Radiography; D012008:Recurrence