title: [Acute leukemia in childhood].
abstract: Acute leukemias account for one third of all childhood malignancies. The incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) is 5 times greater than that of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias (ANLL). Presenting symptoms of acute leukemias reflect bone marrow failure (anemia, bleeding, infections). Diagnostic procedures are extensive (cytology, cytochemistry, immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, molecular biology). Therapy schedules are adapted in respect to individual risk factors. Two thirds of children with ALL are cured. A general reduction of treatment intensity is not possible. Only the radiotherapy of the CNS could be reduced within the last years. Remission induction failures and relapses are the main problems in the treatment of ANLL. One third of the children with ANLL are cured. Because of their worse prognosis infant leukemias represent a special problem.
authors.affiliation: St. Anna Kinderspital des Wiener Roten Kreuzes, Wien.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gadner
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D012074:Remission Induction; D015996:Survival Rate
vernacular_title: Akute Leukämien im Kindesalter.