title: Amino acid clearances and daily losses in patients with acute renal failure treated by continuous arteriovenous hemodialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine daily amino acid and total protein losses in patients with acute renal failure receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) during treatment by continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration with hemodialysis (CAVHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, nonrandomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients in the ICU of a regional nephrology referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight clearance studies of individual amino acids were performed in six patients with acute renal failure receiving TPN. Daily nitrogen intake was 9 g (one patient), 14 g (two patients), and 18 g (three patients). The clearances of individual amino acids were measured at two dialysis flow rates to calculate daily amino acid and total proten losses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amino acid clearance rates ranged from 7.8 +/- 2.2 (glutamic acid) to 25.2 +/- 4.8 mL/min (3-methylhistidine) at a dialysate flow rate of 1 L/hr and from 13.6 +/- 1.7 (tryptophan) to 33.7 +/- 4.3 mL/min (3-methylhistidine) at a dialysate flow rate of 2 L/hr. These results represent daily amino acid losses of 1.5 +/- 0.4% (glutamic acid) to 111.6 +/- 16.6% (tyrosine) of the nutritional input at a dialysate flow rate of 1 L/hr and 2.1 +/- 0.6% (glutamic acid) to 145.8 +/- 17.8% (tyrosine) at a dialysate flow rate of 2 L/hr. Total losses would represent 8.9 +/- 1.2% and 12.1 +/- 2.2%, respectively, of the daily protein input.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These studies confirm that amino acid clearances are relatively high during CAVHD and daily losses should therefore be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Westminster Medical School, London, UK.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Reaveley
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kox
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006440:Hemofiltration / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000592:standards*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015314:Dialysis Solutions