title: Effects of apomorphine on urinary bladder motility in anesthetized rats.
abstract: We studied the effects of apomorphine (AM) on bladder motility in anesthetized rats in which Tyrode's solution was continuously infused into the bladder at a constant rate, including an almost constant rate of bladder contraction accompanying micturition. AM at a dose of 1 mg/kg, i.v., caused a hyperactive bladder response, during which micturition disappeared. AM (12.5 micrograms for intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection or 50 micrograms for intrathecal (i.t.) injection also caused a hyperactive response in about half of the rats. Supersensitization to AM appeared in reserpine-treated rats (2.5 mg/kg, i.p., 48 and 24 hr before the experiment). Haloperidol (1 mg/kg, i.v.) or SCH 23390 (5 mg/kg, i.v.) completely suppressed the hyperactive bladder response induced by AM (5 mg/kg, i.v.), and then the bladder contraction accompanying micturition reappeared after administration of these drugs. Pretreatment with sulpiride (100 mg/kg, i.p.) for 60 min, which hardly affected the bladder contraction induced by infusion of Tyrode's solution, suppressed the hyperactive bladder response induced by AM. These results suggest that the hyperactive bladder response induced by i.v.-injected AM results from synchronous stimulation of the micturition reflex centers in the brain stem and sacral cord and that the hyperactive bladder response is elicited via both D1 and D2 receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hokuriku University, School of Pharmacy, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kontani
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000502:physiology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014554:Urination / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D006220:Haloperidol; D001058:Apomorphine; D004298:Dopamine