title: Clinical and economic impact of oral ciprofloxacin as follow-up to parenteral antibiotics.
abstract: This study assessed the effects of switching to ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in patients initially treated with parenteral antibiotics for respiratory tract (RTI), skin or skin structure (SSS), bone or joint (BJI), or urinary tract infection (UTI). A total of 766 patients from 54 institutions were concurrently monitored and the projected effect of ciprofloxacin on duration of hospitalization and parenteral therapy was assessed based on previous experiences with each type of patient. The median duration of parenteral antibiotic therapy prior to oral ciprofloxacin was 4, 6, 6, and 7.5 days; the median duration of oral ciprofloxacin prior to discharge was 2, 2, 2, and 4 days for UTI, RTI, SSS, and BJI, respectively. It was estimated that more than 70 percent of patients would have continued parenteral antibiotics on an inpatient basis and only 10 percent would have received an alternative oral agent if ciprofloxacin were not available. Use of oral ciprofloxacin significantly affected both duration of parenteral therapy and duration of hospitalization. It was estimated that 16,732 doses of parenteral antibiotics were avoided and, after subtracting the cost of oral ciprofloxacin, resulted in a likely net savings of $187 146.50. An estimated total of 2266 hospital days were saved in 418 patients, resulting in estimated savings of $739 100. Total drug plus hospitalization cost savings were projected to be $980 246.50. Further research is required to determine if, and where, more aggressive intervention will achieve additional cost savings.
authors.affiliation: Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research, School of Pharmacy, State University of New York, Buffalo 14260.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Grasela
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Paladino
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Schentag
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huepenbecker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rybacki
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Purcell
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Fiedler
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital; D011358:Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin