title: Expression and induction by beta-adrenergic agonists of the cystatin S gene in submandibular glands of developing rats.
abstract: Repeated administration of the beta-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline (isoproterenol, IPR), which produces hypertrophic/hyperplastic enlargements of rat submandibular and parotid glands, induces synthesis of a secretory protein shown to be a cysteine proteinase inhibitor, rat cystatin S. In the current study, Northern blot and hybridizations in situ were carried out to establish the developmental and beta-adrenergic regulation of the expression of the cystatin S gene. Cystatin S mRNA was not detected in submandibular glands of 20-day-old fetuses, nor in the glands of newborn or 10-day-old rats. However, steady-state levels of cystatin S mRNA increased between 21 and 28 days, reaching a conspicuously high concentration at 28 days; cystatin S mRNA then declined rapidly to a barely detectable level in glands of 32-day-old rats. IPR administration for 4 days induced high levels of cystatin S mRNA in submandibular glands of developing and adult rats. In both prepubertal and mature animals, induction of cystatin S mRNA in submandibular glands was more pronounced in female than in male animals. Hybridizations in situ revealed cystatin S mRNA only in acinar but not in duct cells of the submandibular gland. Developmentally, expression of the cystatin S gene coincided with acinar cell differentiation. These data suggest a complex neural, hormonal and developmental regulation of salivary cystatin genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Woodin
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Schacter
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cox
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015891:Cystatins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D055333:Salivary Cystatins; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; C525174:Cyss protein, rat; D015891:Cystatins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D055333:Salivary Cystatins; D004247:DNA; D007545:Isoproterenol