Application of immunocytochemistry to the cytologic study of peritoneal fluids in patients with ovarian cancer.
Immunocytochemical methods were evaluated for their usefulness in the identification of malignant cells in cytologic preparations of peritoneal fluids of ovarian cancer. The antibodies used for this study were anti-cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) antibody, anti-carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) antibody, anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibody and anti-epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) antibody. The immunohistochemical and cytochemical results using 4 antibodies for both the histologic specimens and the imprinted smears from tumor tissues of the same patients were compatible in 91.8% (both positive or both negative) of the cases. Reactivities of ascitic specimens taken from benign gynecological lesions were 39.4% with anti-CA-125, 12.1% with anti-CA 19-9, 6.1% with anti-EMA, while none of the 33 cases reacted with anti-CEA antibodies. Comparison of the immunoreactivity with the 4 antibodies in histologic specimens and peritoneal smears with Pap-positive cytology taken from the same patients showed 82.9% compatibility. However, 40% incompatibility was found in the anti-CA-125 staining. Some of the mesothelial cells contained in the peritoneal fluids reacted with the anti-CA-125 antibody. Except for the anti-CA-125 staining, compatibility was 90.3%. These results indicate that the anti-CA-125 antibody can not be used to distinguish benign from malignant cells, while anti-CEA antibody has high specificity for malignant cells. CA19-9, CEA and EMA stainings may be valuable criteria in the cytologic diagnosis of effusions. However, it is possible that individual use of these antibodies may lead to a false negative diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Shinozuka
T
T
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa.
Ebisawa
K
K
Miyamoto
T
T
Murakami
M
M
Fujii
A
A
Osamura
Y
Y
D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000032:analysis; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000592:standards; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D018396:Mucin-1; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018396:Mucin-1