Human somatic mutation assays as biomarkers of carcinogenesis.
This paper describes four assays that detect somatic gene mutations in humans: the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase assay, the glycophorin A assay, the HLA-A assay, and the sickle cell hemoglobin assay. Somatic gene mutation can be considered a biomarker of carcinogenesis, and assays for somatic mutation may assist epidemiologists in studies that attempt to identify factors associated with increased risks of cancer. Practical aspects of the use of these assays are discussed.
Compton
P J
PJ
Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
Hooper
K
K
Smith
M T
MT
D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006021:Glycophorins / Q000235:genetics; D015234:HLA-A Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006451:Hemoglobin, Sickle / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics
D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006021:Glycophorins; D015234:HLA-A Antigens; D006451:Hemoglobin, Sickle; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase