title: Diabetic nephropathy: new directions in management.
abstract: Approximately 6 million people in the United States are known to be diabetic, with an estimated 4 million individuals having undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. The metabolic derangements of both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) result in widespread end-organ damage, including progressive kidney failure. Since its initial description in 1936, the incidence of diabetic nephropathy has progressively increased, and it is now the most common cause of newly diagnosed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal replacement therapy in the United States. While basic research efforts into pathogenesis continue, there is significant interest in clinical interventions that may slow the progression of diabetic renal disease. In addition, the options available for renal replacement therapy have increased and improved substantially in recent years.
authors.affiliation: University of South Alabama, Mobile.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Sirmon
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase