title: Impact of prenatal testing on maternal-fetal bonding: chorionic villus sampling versus amniocentesis.
abstract: The process of maternal-fetal attachment, considered vital for normal infant development, begins during pregnancy and can be affected by a number of external factors. In this study the impact of prenatal testing on maternal-fetal bonding was evaluated in 253 women undergoing either first-trimester chorionic villus sampling (n = 101) or second-trimester genetic amniocentesis (n = 152). The women were evaluated by means of a modification of the Cranley Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale, administered before and after the results of the prenatal diagnostic testing were made known to them (mean gestational ages of 10.6 and 15.7 weeks for the chorionic villus sampling group and 16.5 and 21.1 weeks for the amniocentesis group). The results showed: (1) that maternal-fetal attachment begins as early as 10 weeks' gestation and increases significantly as the pregnancy progresses, (2) that maternal-fetal attachment increases significantly, once the results are known to be normal, for both groups (p less than 0.001), (3) that this increase occurs about 5 weeks earlier for patients with chorionic villus sampling in comparison to those undergoing amniocentesis (p less than 0.001). Thus, with regard to the process of maternal-fetal attachment, first-trimester chorionic villus sampling appears to be preferable to second-trimester amniocentesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caccia
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barna
mesh_terms: D000649:Amniocentesis / Q000523:psychology*; D015193:Chorionic Villi Sampling / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D006801:Humans; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009769:Object Attachment; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000523:psychology*; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000523:psychology