title: Autoimmune diseases: the failure of self tolerance.
abstract: The ability to discriminate between self and nonself antigens is vital to the functioning of the immune system as a specific defense against invading microorganisms. Failure of the immune system to "tolerate" self tissues can result in pathological autoimmune states leading to debilitating illness and sometimes death. The induction of autoimmunity involves genetic and environmental factors that have focused the attention of researchers on the trimolecular complex formed by major histocompatibility complex molecules, antigen, and T cell receptors. Detailed molecular characterization of these components points to potential strategies for disease intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: McDevitt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000502:physiology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines; D015329:Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex; D051379:Mice; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D001685:Biological Factors; D016207:Cytokines; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell