title: Changes in contractile force by barium in the frog skeletal muscle.
abstract: Effects of Ba2+ ions on the contractility were investigated in the frog skeletal muscle under the current clamp condition. The membrane potential was depolarized by 10 to 20 mV by perfusing 2 mM Ba2+ for 5 to 10 min. Membrane resistance was first increased and then decreased. The mechanical threshold examined in TTX-containing solution was shifted to more positive potential by applying Ba2+. The electrically induced contracture in TTX-solution as well as twitch in normal Ringer were enhanced by superfusing Ba2+. In both types of contraction an afterpotentiation was observed on washing out of Ba2+ ions, reflecting the existence of an inhibitory action during Ba2+ perfusion which could be masked by potentiation. Caffeine was able to induce contracture even in muscles soaked in "zero" Ca2+ solution for 24 to 48 h. In these muscles Ba2+ was more effective than Ca2+ to potentiate the contracture tension presumably by releasing Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum whereas Mg2+ inhibited it.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawata
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hatae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001464:Barium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D004553:Electric Conductivity / Q000187:drug effects; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009132:Muscles / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects; D011898:Ranidae; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001464:Barium; D002110:Caffeine; D002118:Calcium