title: Production of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta by staphylococcal enterotoxin A activated human T cells.
abstract: Staphylococcal enterotoxin at concentrations of less than 1 pg/ml induces significant TNF activity in human peripheral blood T cells and monocytes. Maximal TNF activity is routinely detected after 48 to 72 h of culture. IL-2 and IL-4 were both growth promoting for human T cells but only IL-2 could efficiently induce TNF production. The production of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta differed greatly in kinetics. An early intracytoplasmatic production of TNF-alpha after 6 h was detected in both monocytes and T cells whereas a late production of TNF-beta (lymphotoxin) after 48 h, occurred in the T cell population. Induction of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta production by Staphylococcal enterotoxin requires the presence of both monocytes and T cells. The CD4+45R- but not CD4+45R+ and CD8+ cells supported TNF-alpha production in monocytes. The main lytic component from Staphylococcal enterotoxin-activated mononuclear cells is TNF-beta. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells produced about equal amounts of biologically active TNF into the culture supernatants but a fourfold higher frequency of TNF-beta producing cells was demonstrated among CD4+ vs CD8+ cells. The CD4+45R- T cell subset was an efficient producer of TNF-beta and IFN-gamma whereas the CD4+45R+ T cell subset produced significant amounts of TNF-beta but only marginal amounts of IFN-gamma.
authors.affiliation: Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Tumor Immunology, University of Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dohlsten
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hedlund
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ericsson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hansson
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Sjögren
mesh_terms: D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000502:physiology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D004768:Enterotoxins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; C026066:enterotoxin A, Staphylococcal; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens