title: Preservation of renal blood flow during hypotension induced with fenoldopam in dogs.
abstract: The introduction of drugs that could induce hypotension with different pharmacological actions would be advantageous because side effects unique to a specific drug could be minimized by selecting appropriate therapy. Specific dopamine-1, (DA1) and dopamine-2 (DA2) receptor agonists are now under clinical investigation. Fenoldopam mesylate is a specific DA1 receptor agonist that lowers blood pressure by vasodilatation. The hypothesis that fenoldopam could be used to induce hypotension and preserve blood flow to the kidney was tested. Systemic aortic blood pressure and renal blood flow were measured continuously with a carotid arterial catheter and an electromagnetic flow probe respectively, in order to compare the cardiovascular and renal vascular effects of fenoldopam and sodium nitroprusside in ten dogs under halothane general anaesthesia. Mean arterial pressure was decreased 30 +/- 8 per cent from control with infusion of fenoldopam (3.4 +/- 2.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) and 34 +/- 4 per cent with infusion of sodium nitroprusside (5.9 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) (NS). Renal blood flow (RBF) increased during fenoldopam-induced hypotension 11 +/- 7 per cent and decreased 21 +/- 8 per cent during sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension (P less than 0.01). Sodium nitroprusside is a non-selective arteriolar and venous vasodilator that can produce redistribution of blood flow away from the kidney during induced hypotension. Fenoldopam is a selective dopamine-1 (DA1) receptor agonist that causes vasodilatation to the kidney and other organs with DA1 receptors and preserves blood flow to the kidney during induced hypotension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago Hospitals, Illinois 60637.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aronson
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Glock
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Roizen
mesh_terms: D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018818:Fenoldopam; D007023:Hypotension, Controlled; D008297:Male; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; D018818:Fenoldopam