title: Treatment of systemic reactions to contrast media.
abstract: Serious systemic reactions caused by currently used ionic and nonionic contrast material are the anaphylactoid (allergic-like) reaction and the vagal reaction. Each likely has more than one etiology, and certain patients are at higher risk for developing such a reaction. The urologist and radiologist must be able to differentiate between the clinical manifestations of the anaphylactoid (asthma-like) reaction and the vagal (bradycardia and hypotension) reaction. Specific treatment for the anaphylactoid reaction is low-dose epinephrine; specific treatment for the vagal reaction is intravenous fluid and high-dose atropine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Virginia Mason Clinic and Hospital, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Bush
mesh_terms: D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D001285:Atropine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D001285:Atropine; D004837:Epinephrine