title: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of dynorphin A-(1-8) amide analogues.
abstract: In order to study the structure-activity relationships of dynorphin A-(1-8) amide [Dyn(1-8)-NH2], 20 analogues were synthesized by the solution method. Their biological activities were determined in the three bioassays [guinea pig ileum (GPI), mouse vas deferens (MVD), and rabbit vas deferens (RVD)] and in the mouse tail-pinch test after intravenous administration. Some analogues that showed interesting activity in the bioassays and/or in the analgesic tests were further characterized in mu-, delta-, and kappa-representative binding assays. The obtained data indicate that modification of the enkephalin segment to give metabolically stable analogues with high affinity and selectivity for the kappa receptor is strictly limited and that introduction of MeArg in position 7 protects the Arg6-Arg-7 bond from enzymatic degradation without potency drop and change of opioid receptor selectivity. [MeTyr1,MeArg7,D-Leu8]Dyn(1-8)-NHEt (18) [IC50 (nM) = 0.3 (GPI), 7.4 (MVD), and 2.6 (RVD); tail pinch ED50 (mg/kg) = 0.75] showed opioid activity similar to that of dynorphin A in the three bioassays and relatively high kappa-receptor selectivity in the binding assays and produced a 2.5-fold more potent analgesic effect than morphine. [D-Cys2-Cys5,MeArg7,D-Leu8]Dyn(1-8)-NHEt (20) showed a 40-60-fold more potent opioid activity than 18 in the three bioassays and produced a 3.4-fold more potent analgesic effect than 18. In the binding assays, however, 20 showed higher affinity for mu and delta receptors than for the kappa receptor.
authors.affiliation: Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamatsu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tachibana
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000698:Analgesia; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000378:metabolism; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D004399:Dynorphins; C026770:dynorphin (1-8)