title: Effect of venous shear stress on CD18-mediated neutrophil adhesion to cultured endothelium.
abstract: The CD11/CD18 family of glycoproteins has been identified as a mediator of a number of adhesive interactions crucial to inflammatory responses. Using a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against CD18 (TS1/18), the role of these molecules in polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMNL) adhesion to cultured primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was examined under venous flow conditions. Incubation of PMNL with TS1/18 (anti-CD18) did not inhibit PMNL adhesion to interleukin-1 (IL-1)-treated HUVEC at 2.0 dynes/cm2 (TS1/18-treated 305 +/- 58 PMNL/mm2 v 334 +/- 63 PMNL/mm2 on control). Furthermore, incubation of HUVEC with R6.5.D6, an MoAb against intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) did not significantly inhibit PMNL adhesion to IL-1-treated HUVEC at 2.0 dynes/cm2 (P greater than .3). In contrast to the lack of inhibition of adhesion under conditions of flow, incubation of PMNL with TS1/18 reduced PMNL adherence in static adhesion assays. PMNL migration beneath HUVEC monolayers has been shown to be stimulated by 4-hour IL-1 treatment. TS1/18 and R6.5.D6 significantly inhibited migration of PMNL beneath IL-1-treated HUVEC monolayers under flow conditions by slightly more than 80% (P less than .005). In flow experiments with CD18-deficient PMNL, virtually no transendothelial migration was observed. The effect of FMLP (10(-8) mol/L) on PMNL adhesion to untreated HUVEC at wall shear stresses ranging from 0.25 to 2.0 dynes/cm2 was also investigated. FMLP had little effect on PMNL adherence at shear stresses above 0.5 dynes/cm2 (P greater than .45). In response to FMLP exposure at lower wall shear stresses, PMNL adherence to untreated HUVEC increased 6.9-fold at 0.5 dynes/cm2 (P less than .001). At 0.25 dynes/cm2, FMLP stimulation increased PMNL adherence to untreated HUVEC 6.5-fold compared with controls (P less than .005), and FMLP failed to make CD18-deficient PMNL more adherent. In experiments with PMNL pretreated with TS1/18 (anti-CD18), there was a 67% inhibition of FMLP-stimulated adhesion at 0.5 dynes/cm2 (P less than .025). The upper threshold of CD18-mediated PMNL adhesion appears to be between 0.5 and 1.0 dyne/cm2. Above these wall shear stresses, the initial attachment of PMNL to cultured endothelium was mediated almost exclusively by CD18-independent mechanisms. By simulating some of the flow parameters in the microcirculation with well-characterized shear forces, PMNL adhesion by CD18-independent and dependent mechanisms can be differentiated. These data also indicate that CD18 is an important mediator of transendothelial migration by PMNL, which have attached to the endothelium by a CD18-independent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Eskin
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: McIntire
mesh_terms: D018821:CD18 Antigens; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology*; D016028:Receptors, Leukocyte-Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D012212:Rheology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D018821:CD18 Antigens; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016028:Receptors, Leukocyte-Adhesion; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine