title: Cholinergic-adrenergic balance: Part 1. Relationship between central and peripheral sensitivities.
abstract: Eight healthy volunteers were studied under double-blind conditions after acute challenge with the peripheral beta 2-agonist reproterol, either alone or combined with the peripheral indirect cholinomimetic neostigmine. Their responses were also studied after administration of the centrally active indirect cholinomimetic physostigmine. The beta-adrenergic rise in heart rate was cholinergically suppressed. The beta-adrenergic rise of plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was not cholinergically modulated, while that of plasma glucose tended to be cholinergically suppressed. Physostigmine induced an anergic-anhedonic syndrome accompanied by physiological, metabolic, and neuroendocrine stress phenomena. The beta-adrenergic and cholinergic sensitivities, respectively, of the various parameters investigated tended to be nonsignificantly intercorrelated. Only a limited portion of the variance was explained by drug effects. Sensitivity to neostigmine was completely unrelated to sensitivity to physostigmine. Thus, cholinergic sensitivity seems not to be decisive for the fine tuning of the highly complex regulatory systems studied and peripheral sensitivity not to be representative for the central one, at least if unselective drugs like neostigmine and physostigmine are used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fritze
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sofic
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pfüller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lanczik
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riederer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000097:blood; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006024:Glycopyrrolate / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009921:Metaproterenol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000187:drug effects*; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000187:drug effects*; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000187:drug effects*; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013806:Theophylline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; C014792:reproterol; D009388:Neostigmine; D009921:Metaproterenol; D010830:Physostigmine; D013806:Theophylline; D012601:Scopolamine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006024:Glycopyrrolate