title: Calcium dependence of contractile activation of isolated sheep urethra. I: Responses to electrical stimulation.
abstract: In isolated sheep urethral smooth muscle at resting tension, responses elicited by electrical stimulation of nerves were either contraction (40%), or contraction preceded by relaxation (60%). All responses were suppressed by tetrodotoxin (TTX), but at stimulation frequencies exceeding 16 Hz, there was a small TTX resistant contraction, which at the highest frequency used (50 Hz) amounted to about 15% of the total response. alpha-Adrenoceptor blockade suppressed the contractions, as did chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine. In calcium-free medium all electrically induced contractions were abolished. Nifedipine, verapamil, and lanthanum had concentration-dependent depressant actions, whereas Bay K 8644 (10(-6) M) significantly increased the responses. In preparations prelabelled with 3H-noradrenaline, electrical stimulation caused a release of 3H that could be blocked by TTX, and effectively reduced by calcium-free medium and lanthanum. However, the release was unaffected by nifedipine, and moderately reduced by high concentrations of verapamil (10(-5) M). It is suggested that contractile responses to electrical stimulation in isolated sheep urethral smooth muscle are mediated by the sympathetic nervous system, mainly through release of noradrenaline stimulating postjunctional alpha 1-adrenoceptors. The release of noradrenaline, as well as the action of released noradrenaline on postjunctional membranes are calcium-dependent. However, the calcium entry pathways used are partly different from those inhibited by organic calcium antagonists.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Pascual
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Sacristan
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Andersson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003714:Denervation; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012756:Sheep; D014316:Tritium; D014521:Urethra / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D014316:Tritium; D007811:Lanthanum; D016627:Oxidopamine; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine