title: Chloride concentration of rat parotid saliva evoked by electrical stimulation of parasympathetic or sympathetic nerves with or without antagonists.
abstract: Chloride (Cl) of saliva evoked by electrical stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve to parotid gland was from two to seven times higher than that elicited with sympathetic nerve stimulation; [Cl] remained elevated (125-135 mEq/liter) for 60 min of parasympathetic nerve stimulation, whereas Cl of sympathetically evoked saliva decreased from high levels of 58 to 15 to 20 mEq/liter. The administration of propranolol, the beta-adrenergic antagonist, 20 min prior to initiation of sympathetic nerve stimulation resulted in saliva with Cl of 100 mEq/liter; when phentolamine, the alpha-adrenergic antagonist was administered prior to sympathetic nerve stimulation, [Cl] was 48-35 mEq/liter. Values with the beta-agonist, isoproterenol, were about 35 mEq/liter, whereas phenylephrine, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, evoked saliva with Cl ranging from 113 to 85 mEq/liter. Flow rate was very high with parasympathetic nerve stimulation and low with sympathetic nerve stimulation, but [Cl] with beta-blockade was not flow dependent: flow was very low but Cl high. Cl secretion is principally regulated by activation of cholinergic and alpha-adrenergic receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Schneyer
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000032:analysis*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D008297:Male; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000294:innervation*; D051381:Rats; D012463:Saliva / Q000032:analysis*; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002712:Chlorides