title: GM-CSF restoration of a differentiated (growth factor-regulated) phenotype in an anaplastic tumor.
abstract: GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage-derived colony-stimulating factor) is a differentiation agent that stimulates bone marrow activity in patients receiving chemotherapy. GM-CSF (1 microgram/ml daily for 10 days), administered intralesionally, was evaluated to determine whether it would restore a more differentiated phenotype to an anaplastic, rapidly growing, hormone-independent variant (R3327 MAT-LyLu) of the Dunning prostatic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistology was used to quantitate the expression of epithelial growth factor receptors (rEGF) and the tissue testosterone content. GM-CSF therapy significantly (P less than 0.05) restored rEGF expression and tissue testosterone to levels associated with better differentiated, slower growing, androgen-dependent Dunning variants (R3327 H and G). GM-CSF may have a role in treatment of prostatic cancers by promoting androgen and epithelial growth factor regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research Biochemistry, Hektoen Institute for Medical Research, Chicago.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rubenstein
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Targonski
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: McKiel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dubin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guinan
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010641:Phenotype; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013739:Testosterone / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013739:Testosterone; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors