title: [An end to office hours for warts? A randomized study of the effectiveness of liquid nitrogen and of the Histofreezer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comparison of the effectiveness of liquid nitrogen and of cryotherapy by means of the Histofreezer in the treatment of hand warts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized therapeutic trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six general practices in Limburg, The Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the patients 43 (with 83 warts) were treated with nitrogen (if necessary twice) and 50 (with 108 warts) with the Histofreezer (if necessary 4 times), with a final control visit after 2.5 months. After a training session, the general practitioners performed the treatments and the observations. In these groups, 7 patients (with 18 warts) and 10 patients (with 20 warts) respectively did not fully comply with the protocol. At the start the number of warts per patient, their size, protruberance and localization were registered. Statistical analysis was performed by chi 2 test (unpaired case) in an intention to treat approach and of compliers only.
  
  
  METHODS
  Disappearance of warts, pain (on a 3-point scale), wounds, depigmentation. Non-compliers were asked by telephone if their warts had been cured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all patients 58% was cured by liquid nitrogen and 28% by Histofreezer (p = 0.01). Among the compliers these percentages were 67% and 35% of the patients (p = 0.01) and 66% and 49% of the warts (p = 0.08). The treatments were about equally effective in dorsal non protuberant and small (less than 5 mm) warts, and among young (less than 20 years) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall results of liquid nitrogen were better. The Histofreezer seems to be attractive in certain cases (e.g. children), but this should be the subject of further study.
authors.affiliation: Rijksuniversiteit Limburg, vakgroep Huisartsgeneeskunde, Maastricht.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Erkens
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kuijpers
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Knottnerus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011379:Prognosis; D014860:Warts / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D009584:Nitrogen