title: Interleukin-1 modification of the effects of cyclophosphamide and fractionated irradiation.
abstract: Studies were performed to determine whether recombinant human interleukin-1 (IL-1) modifies the tumor cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide (CY) combined with fractionated X-irradiation. RIF-1 tumors were implanted intradermally in C3H/Km mice and therapeutic effect was evaluated by the regrowth delay method, that is, the time for treated tumors to grow to 3 times their volume at the start of treatment relative to that for untreated tumors. A single intraperitoneal treatment of 15 micrograms/kg IL-1 given 24 hr after 100 or 200 mg/kg CY and immediately before the first of 5 daily fractionated treatments of 1-4 Gy increased tumor growth delay beyond that produced by CY and irradiation without the IL-1. However, the IL-1 given with either CY or fractionated irradiation did not extend the time for tumor regrowth beyond that produced by the agents themselves. Thus, while CY and fractionated irradiation together produce a greater than additive effect, IL-1 seems to extend this phenomenon. From these findings, it appears that IL-1 enhances the cytotoxic effects of CY and X ray against tumors, an effect that would have considerable practical significance in the light of the protective effects shown elsewhere for the same lymphokine on normal tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Dorie
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Kallman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cebulska-Wasilewska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D003520:Cyclophosphamide