title: Measuring environmental health status in Oukasie, 1987.
abstract: This article reports on some aspects of the physical environment and on environmental health services at Oukasie. The data were collected over a weekend in August 1987 by an interview and by direct inspection of the environment using a standard schedule. We had a 100% response rate on the interviews. There was a mean of 2.2 +/- 1.6 persons per room in the households, with brick houses being less crowded than non-brick houses. Private yards were generally kept very clean. Bucket latrines were unhygienic and used by an average of 4 families. No latrine was built to accepted standards. Garbage collection and emptying of the bucket latrines by the municipality seemed to be unsatisfactory. Our overall impression was that where responsibility for maintenance of hygiene is either undefined, such as the collection chambers of bucket latrines, or a responsibility of the public authorities, such as garbage collection and water drainage, there is an unsatisfactory state of hygiene. Where maintenance of cleanliness is clearly a private responsibility, such as the maintenance of the cleanliness of private yards, the general status of hygiene is good.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health, University of the Witwatersrand.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Ferrinho
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Barron
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buch
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gear
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Orkin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bekker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jeffrey
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D044383:Black People; D004782:Environmental Health / Q000592:standards*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006798:Housing / Q000592:standards; D011156:Population Density; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013019:South Africa; D014038:Toilet Facilities / Q000592:standards; D014505:Urban Population