title: Pulsatile release of oxytocin into the circulation of the ewe during oestrus, mating and the early luteal phase.
abstract: Two experiments were designed to investigate release patterns of oxytocin into plasma during oestrus and the early luteal phase. In Exp. 1, blood samples were collected from 5 ewes every 30 min for 10 h during 6 days around oestrus and the early luteal phase. During oestrus concentrations of oxytocin were generally low (1.27 +/- 0.54 pg/ml; mean +/- s.d.) but with occasional pulses up to 6 pg/ml. By Day 5 mean basal concentrations had risen to 4.5 +/- 2.1 pg/ml with a fluctuating release pattern. In Exp. 2, a method was developed for continuous blood sampling from conscious, unrestrained ewes. On the predicted day of oestrus following an untreated oestrous cycle, 8-ml blood samples were collected every minute for two 35-min periods (8 ewes: 16 sampling periods). For 6 ewes a ram was introduced to the pen for part of this time, and resulting behaviour was recorded. Additional blood samples were assayed for LH and progesterone to determine the stage of the cycle. Overall mean oxytocin concentrations ranged from 1.5 +/- 0.53 to 6.8 +/- 5.25 pg/ml in different animals. Ewes which were both in oestrus and exposed to the ram showed a pulsatile oxytocin release pattern consisting of low baseline concentrations with short-duration pulses superimposed (duration 1-4 min; amplitude 2.5-31.7 pg/ml; frequency 3.18/h). Coitus was not temporally associated with pulsatile release. However, the importance of the presence of the ram was indicated by total separation of 2 oestrous ewes from the ram until after experimentation. In these animals only 1 pulse of oxytocin was detected in 2.7 h of sampling. It is concluded that, although mean oxytocin concentrations at oestrus were low, short duration pulses were released into the plasma at this time. This effect may be dependent on the presence of a ram.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of Bristol School of Medical Sciences, UK.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wathes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004971:Estrus / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D012756:Sheep / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D010121:Oxytocin