title: Adenosine deaminase inhibitors: synthesis and structure-activity relationships of imidazole analogues of erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine.
abstract: A series of erythro-1-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)imidazole derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibitory activity, in order to introduce simplifications in the ADA inhibitors erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA, 1a) and 3-deaza-EHNA (1c). Opening the pyrimidine or pyridine ring of EHNA or 3-deaza-EHNA respectively led to compounds which are still ADA inhibitors. The most potent compound was erythro-1-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (5, Ki = 3.53 x 10(-8) M), which provided potential donor and acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding. Lack of one of this sites could account for the order of potency of all compounds examined in this series. Opening the same ring in adenosine and in 3-deazaadenosine led to fully inactive compounds. These results support the hypothesis of the existence, at or near the enzyme active site, of a hydrophobic region able to bind the erythro-nonyl moiety.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Camerino, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cristalli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eleuteri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Franchetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grifantini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vittori
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lupidi
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000241:Adenosine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002417:Cattle; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014372:Tubercidin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; C018258:3-deazaadenosine; C067833:1-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide; C010192:9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine; C040554:(2R,3S)-3-(4-Amino-1H-imidazo(4,5-c)pyridin-1-yl)-2-nonanol; D000225:Adenine; D000241:Adenosine; D014372:Tubercidin