title: Small-volume extrusion apparatus for preparation of large, unilamellar vesicles.
abstract: The design and performance of a filter holder which enables convenient preparation of volumes of up to a milliliter of large, unilamellar vesicles formed by extrusion (LUVETs) from multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) are described. The filter holder provides for back-and-forth passage of the sample between two syringes, a design that minimizes filter blockage, eliminates the need to change filters during LUVET preparation and reduces preparation time to a few minutes. Replicas of slam-frozen LUVETs in the electron microscope are unilamellar and reasonably homogeneous with an average diameter close to the pore size of the filters used to extrude them. Extrusion per se does not destabilize the vesicles, which trapped a fluorescent dye only when they were disrupted on freeze-thawing and during the first extrusion when most of the MLVs were apparently converted to LUVETs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Menco
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Subbarao
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005614:Freeze Fracturing; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000032:analysis*; D008081:Liposomes; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008081:Liposomes; D010743:Phospholipids