title: Lessons to be learned from long-term treatment of affective disorders: potential utility in panic disorder.
abstract: Although the research on long-term treatment for panic disorder is in an early stage, there is a considerable body of data on affective disorders. The author discusses three long-term projects pertinent to affective disorders, with the idea that they may suggest possible avenues of research in the field of panic disorder: (1) the MacArthur Foundation task force arrives at consensus definitions and proposes tentative operational criteria; (2) the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Study compares the effects of lithium carbonate, imipramine, the lithium/imipramine combination, and placebo in preventing the recurrence of affective disorders; and (3) the Pittsburgh Study explores the efficacy of the combination of imipramine and interpersonal psychotherapy as a preventive strategy against recurrence of depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, PA 15213.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kupfer
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009315:National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); D010200:Panic; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012008:Recurrence; D012107:Research Design; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents