title: Effects of radiation therapy on skeletal growth in childhood.
abstract: Ionizing radiation was used to treat childhood cancer long before the advent of chemotherapy, and it took little time for physicians to appreciate the deleterious effects it had on skeletal growth. The cause of this complication results predominantly from alteration of chondroblastic activity. This may stem directly from irradiation at the epiphyseal plate or indirectly from irradiation of glands that secrete growth-mediating hormones. The complication can go far beyond the obvious physical afflictions and extend into the psychologic domain, rendering deeper, more permanent scars. Presently, many of these effects are predictable, reducible, and treatable without compromising the cure that so often depends on the use of irradiation. Because of the complexities of childhood cancer therapy, strategies aimed at diminishing these effects are challenging. It is imperative that these effects be understood so that they can be reduced in current patients and prevented in future patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Goldwein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D007870:Leg Length Inequality / Q000209:etiology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents