title: Chlorothalonil exposure of workers on mechanical tomato harvesters.
abstract: Worker exposure to chlorothalonil (tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, Bravo during mechanical tomato harvester operations of fruit for processing was estimated from passive dermal dosimetry monitoring (gauze pad and undershirt dosimetry), air concentration measurements and hand washes. Gauze pad dosimeters placed outside of workers' clothing gave an average potential dermal exposure of 499.6 micrograms/h. Dermal exposure based on undershirt dosimetry averaged 43.4 micrograms/h. Air concentrations ranged from 0.002-0.02 microgram/l. Dislodgeable fruit residues were measured and used to develop transfer factors (cm2 h) for both the pad dosimetry (450) and shirt dosimetry (40). Study results indicate that normal work clothing provides a 90% reduction in dermal exposure to chlorothalonil and that contribution of inhalation to total exposure ranges from 8.1-28%.
authors.affiliation: California Department of Food and Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Worker Safety, Worker Health and Safety Branch, Sacramento, CA 94271-0001.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bissell
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sanborn
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Margetich
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Krieger
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis*; D003020:Clothing; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D009570:Nitriles / Q000032:analysis*; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D009570:Nitriles; C005806:tetrachloroisophthalonitrile