title: Post-traumatic basal ganglia hemorrhage: analysis of 52 patients with emphasis on the final outcome.
abstract: A series of 52 patients suffering post-traumatic basal ganglia hemorrhage (BGH) after closed head injury is reviewed. Post-traumatic BGH was associated with other intracranial lesions in most cases. The outcome in this series is rather good, with 53.8% of patients having a functional survival. Radiologically, the post-traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and brainstem hemorrhage usually coexisted with a poor outcome. Old age (greater than 60), abnormal pupil reaction, impaired oculocephalic response, and abnormal motor response to pain stimuli are reliable clinical hallmarks for poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000293:injuries*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003128:Coma / Q000209:etiology; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D010243:Paralysis / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies