title: Hygienic hand disinfection tests in three laboratories.
abstract: A comparative study was made in three laboratories of a test for hygienic hand disinfection. Staphylococcus aureus was applied to the fingertips of a total of 74 volunteers (49 female and 25 male) and the effect of washing with three chlorhexidine preparations and one non-medicated soap was assessed after one and five applications. Fingertip inoculation is convenient and is a realistic representation of the in-use situation. Although significant differences were obtained between log10 reductions in test organisms using the same formulation in different centres, and different periods in the same centre, the maximum differences after a single application of a preparation were small, e.g. between centres 0.39 and between periods in the same centre 0.55, and after multiple applications the maximum difference between centres was 0.42 and between periods in the same centre it was 0.51. The differences between preparations were similar in all centres. This test compares well with other similar tests and products can be placed in rank order of effectiveness. It is concluded that this test, if carried out under the controlled conditions described, is sufficiently reproducible between laboratories and repeatable within laboratories to be used as a standard test.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Infection Research Laboratory, Dudley Road Hospital, Birmingham.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ayliffe
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Babb
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Newsom
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Platt
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006235:Hand Disinfection / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007753:Laboratories; D008297:Male; D012915:Soaps / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D012915:Soaps; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine