title: Is vaginal douching related to cervical carcinoma?
abstract: The association between cervical carcinoma and vaginal douching was examined in a population-based case-control study conducted in the low-risk population of Utah between 1984 and 1987. The authors compared 266 cases of in situ and invasive cervical carcinoma with 408 group-matched controls by vaginal douching behavior, controlled for age, lifetime number of sex partners, cigarette smoking history, religious activity, and educational level. Essentially no association was found in women who douched once per week or less, but in those who douched more than once per week, a consistent relation was demonstrated (adjusted odds ratio = 4.7, 95% confidence interval 1.9-11). Few differences were found with type of douching preparation used. The authors hypothesize that frequent douching alters the vaginal chemical environment, making the cervix more susceptible to pathologic change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Schuman
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Slattery
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sanborn
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Overall
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D014621:Vagina