title: Glycogen-rich clear-cell carcinoma of the breast: a clinicopathologic and flow cytometric study.
abstract: Six glycogen-rich clear-cell carcinomas (GCC) were found among 439 cases of breast cancer (BC) in a thorough search among a defined urban population. Five of these six patients had axillary lymph node metastases at diagnosis and all five died from their breast cancer within 7 years following the diagnosis. Tumors with histologic features of GCC were larger (P = 0.03), and they had a large DNA index (greater than 1.3) in flow cytometric DNA analysis more frequently than BCs in general (P = 0.04). All GCCs were nondiploid and had a high S-phase fraction (greater than 9%, mean 19.2%), which suggests that BCs with glycogen-rich cell features may be more aggressive than BCs in general.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toikkanen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Joensuu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011003:Ploidies; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D006003:Glycogen