title: Large postnatally acquired porencephalic cysts: unexpected developmental outcomes.
abstract: To determine the neurodevelopmental outcome for infants with posthemorrhagic intraparenchymal cysts, we reviewed retrospectively clinical, ultrasonographic, and developmental features in 16 affected children. At a mean follow-up age of 33 months, five subjects had normal cognitive outcomes (developmental quotient [DQ] or IQ greater than 83), nine had borderline to mild deficits (DQ or IQ, 52 to 83), but only three had moderate to severe deficits (DQ or IQ less than 52). Spastic cerebral palsy was present in 13 (81%); only one child (6%) had a chronic seizure disorder requiring medication. Cognitively normal children were less likely to have had neonatal seizures (P less than .05) and tended to have more localized cysts. Otherwise, we found no relationship between outcome and neonatal clinical or laboratory findings. Overall, these results suggest that although motor deficits are common in infants with severe intraventricular hemorrhage and porencephalic cysts, cognitive outcomes may be more favorable than has been suspected previously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Blackman
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: McGuinness
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bale
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004453:Echoencephalography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007969:Leukomalacia, Periventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D012189:Retrospective Studies