title: [Kidney and bladder injuries: diagnosis and therapy].
abstract: Classification of renal trauma is given. Perforated trauma requires operation, blund trauma is treated conservatively, at least in stage I and II. Severe hemorrhage is reason for surgical exploration and nephrectomy in stage III and IV renal trauma. Renal trauma is best diagnosed by sonography and CT-scan. Bladder trauma is best diagnosed by cystogram and classified to intraperitoneal leasons which require immediate operation and to extraperitoneal leasons which are treated conservatively.
authors.affiliation: Urologische Klinik der FU Berlin, Klinikum Steglitz.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huland
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000293:injuries*; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012421:Rupture; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000293:injuries*; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*