title: A critical appraisal of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation in depressed patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors' goal was to evaluate the utility of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation assays in clinical research in psychoimmunology.
  
  
  METHODS
  They examined 23 depressed patients and 23 matched comparison subjects with this assay. There were no significant differences between these groups. They then combined the results of this study with the results of their previous study of 20 depressed patients and 20 comparison subjects to examine possible determinants of lymphocyte proliferation in depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depressed patients with lower proliferative responses than their matched comparison subjects had lower depression subscale, anergia subscale, and total scores on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale than did patients with higher proliferative responses than their matched comparison subjects. This finding was unexpected and unexplained. Depressed patients with lower proliferative responses than their matched comparison subjects also had fewer obsessions and compulsions and less psychomotor agitation according to the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia interview than did patients with higher proliferative responses than their matched comparison subjects. Stepwise discriminant analysis and cluster analysis contributed little further understanding of the determinants of in vitro lymphocyte proliferation of cells from depressed patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Longitudinal studies using multiple serial determinations of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation are the minimal design needed to make this assay useful in further evaluating any immune system changes in depression.
authors.affiliation: NIMH Clinical Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Darko
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gillin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Golshan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003192:Compulsive Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000523:psychology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008934:Mitogens; D009770:Obsessive Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000175:diagnosis; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D008934:Mitogens