title: Genotoxicity of the fungicide dichlofluanid in seven assays.
abstract: Seven different endpoints for detection of genotoxicity have been used to demonstrate the DNA-altering properties of Dichlofluanid, a fungicide commonly used in viticulture pest control. Each endpoint (DNA synthesis inhibition test, alkaline viscosimetry, umu-test, alkaline filter elution, FADU-test, 32P-postlabeling, and electron microscopy) shows clear evidence of genotoxicity. These data indicate that application of the fungicide dichlofluanid may be mutagenic and/or carcinogenic for exposed humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Molecular Genotoxicity, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heil
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reifferscheid
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hellmich
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hergenröder
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Zahn
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D005399:Fishes; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D009153:Mutagens; C016370:dichlofluanid; D004247:DNA