title: Physiological free fatty acid concentrations do not increase free estradiol in plasma.
abstract: Consumption of dietary fat has been linked to the high incidence of breast cancer. The in vitro effects of palmitate, oleate, linoleate, and eicosapentaenoate at supraphysiological concentrations [1.8-4.8 mM; endogenous (0.8) plus added (1-4)] on the binding of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) to sex hormone-binding globulin and albumin were evaluated in plasma, using centrifugal ultrafiltration. The E2-sex hormone-binding globulin complex was significantly dissociated by oleate, linoleate, eicosapentaenoate, and palmitate at 1.8 to 2.8-mM concentrations. The same FFA caused a significant increase in E2 binding to albumin at similar concentrations. However, only the unsaturated fatty acids at 3.8 to 4.8-mM concentrations (i.e. oleate, linoleate, and eicosapentaenoate) significantly increased the nonprotein-bound free E2 fraction. Thus, these results suggest that free E2 concentrations are not affected by physiological concentrations of FFA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6376.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Shultz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D019301:Oleic Acid; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D009829:Oleic Acids; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D004958:Estradiol; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid