title: Isolation and culture of hepatocytes from the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis).
abstract: Isolation and culture techniques for hepatocytes from whole livers of the cynomolgus monkey, Macaca fascicularis, are described. Hepatocytes were isolated by two-step perfusion of livers, using collagenase with hyaluronidase; fructose and trypsin inhibitor were included to reduce cell loss. Yields from a single liver average 4 X 10(9) cells with viabilities of 90.8 +/- 5.7%. Cells, plated on collagen substrates, were assessed for changes in morphology and various marker enzyme activities over a period of 7 d in culture. Cells exhibited a morphology similar to that observed for this species in vivo; little change in attached and spread cells was observed over the length of time monitored. Enzyme activities for catalase, succinate dehydrogenase, and tyrosine aminotransferase were observed to decrease significantly (though considerable activity remained), whereas acid phosphatase and 5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase remained unchanged. Activity of cytochrome P-450 reductase was observed to increase slightly for the first 2 d, then decrease to about 60% of initial levels. Activity of alpha-mannosidase was stable for 4 d but was observed to be increased at Day 7. Cells were observed to retain metabolic responsiveness, demonstrated by glucose production by both gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in response to glucagon stimulation. The monkey hepatocytes obtained by methods described here thus retain hepatocellular morphology and activity through at least 1 wk in culture without medium or culture modification.
authors.affiliation: Investigative Toxicology, Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Aspar
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Cramer
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Kletzien
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
mesh_terms: D015720:5'-Nucleotidase / Q000378:metabolism; D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D008112:Liver Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008251:Macaca / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008361:Mannosidases / Q000378:metabolism; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D043323:alpha-Mannosidase
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D008112:Liver Glycogen; D002374:Catalase; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D015720:5'-Nucleotidase; D008361:Mannosidases; D043323:alpha-Mannosidase