[Poisoning caused by neuroleptics and other related drugs].
Neuroleptics (phenothiazines) and related medicaments such as haloperidol and metoclopramide, are frequent cause of intoxication. The main manifestations are extrapyramidal symptoms. In most cases the intoxications have an acute evolution and the large doses may be complicated with shock, coma and ventricular fibrillation; persistent hyperthermia brings poor prognosis. Their chronic use, even at therapeutic doses, may produce late dyskinesia, difficult to manage. Diphenhydramine is particularly useful to treat the acute intoxication; this could be started with slowly intravenous injected 1 mg/kg until symptoms disappear, and then continue per os for a minimum of these drugs. Its improper use and abuse are due to therapeutic mode.
Montoya-Cabrera
M A
MA
Departamento de Admisión Hospitalaria y Toxicología, Hospital de Pediatría, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000506:poisoning*; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000506:poisoning; D011041:Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D004155:Diphenhydramine; D008787:Metoclopramide