title: Superiority of substrate enhancement over oxygen free-radical scavengers during extended periods of cold storage for cardiac transplantation.
abstract: When cold storage techniques used in cardiac transplantation are extended beyond 3 hours, there is significant depression in ventricular function. This study was undertaken to determine whether the addition of the amino acid L-glutamate or the oxygen free-radical scavengers superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) during extended periods of cold storage would improve ventricular function. Fifteen rabbit hearts were placed on a Langendorff apparatus, arrested with crystalloid potassium cardioplegia, stored in iced saline solution (3 degrees C) for 5 hours, and then reperfused at 37 degrees C for 1 hour. In five hearts L-glutamate (4 mmol/L) was added to the cardioplegic and reperfusate solutions, and five hearts received SOD (1500 units/kg/L) and CAT (3500 units/kg/L), whereas in five others the cardioplegic and reperfusate solutions were unmodified. Hearts treated with L-glutamate had the best recovery of positive dP/dt (79%* glutamate vs 49%* SOD and CAT vs 36% unmodified), negative dP/dt (76%* glutamate vs 53% SOD and CAT vs 45% unmodified), developed pressure (67%* glutamate vs 51% SOD and CAT vs 45% unmodified), and coronary flow (81%* glutamate vs 79%* SOD and CAT vs 62% unmodified). We conclude that substrate enhancement with L-glutamate provides superior myocardial protection than is possible with the oxygen free-radical scavengers SOD and CAT during extended periods of cold storage for cardiac transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Boston University Medical Center, Mass.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lazar
authors.forename: X M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rivers
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stockwell
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Shemin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001810:Blood Volume; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D002374:Catalase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003971:Diastole; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006321:Heart; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D011817:Rabbits; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013599:Systole
chemical_list: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D005971:Glutamates; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase