Aggressive behavior in birds: an experimental model for studies of brain-steroid interactions.
1. Although testosterone (T) stimulates aggressiveness in males of many vertebrate species, it is now known that the full expression of T actions in the central nervous system requires aromatization to estradiol (E2) and subsequent binding of formed E2 to its receptor. 2. We have recently confirmed these as rate-limiting steps in the control of sex-related and individual differences in aggressiveness of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). 3. In this review, we describe some of the neuroendocrine factors which control aggression with a focus on our recent studies in quail.
Schlinger
B A
BA
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
Callard
G V
GV
D000374:Aggression; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003370:Coturnix / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D013256:Steroids / Q000378:metabolism*
D006728:Hormones; D013256:Steroids