title: Effects of transdermal versus oral hormone replacement therapy on bone density in spine and proximal femur in postmenopausal women.
abstract: 66 early postmenopausal women were randomised to 28-day cycles of either transdermal hormone replacement therapy--continuous oestradiol 17-beta 0.05 mg daily, with norethisterone acetate 0.25 mg daily for 14 of each 28 days--or oral therapy--continuous conjugated equine oestrogens 0.625 mg daily, with dl-norgestrel 0.15 mg daily for 12 of each 28 days. An untreated reference group of 30 women were studied concurrently. Bone density was measured in the lumbar spine and proximal femur by dual photon absorptiometry at 6-month intervals for 18 months. Skeletal turnover was assessed by serum measurements of calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase, and by urine estimations of hydroxyproline/creatinine and calcium/creatinine excretion. In both treatment groups by comparison with the untreated groups by comparison with the untreated group, bone density increased in the vertebrae and proximal femur and biochemical measurements indicated a significant reduction in bone turnover.
authors.affiliation: Wynn Institute for Metabolic Research, London, UK.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cust
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Gangar
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hillard
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Whitehead
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000284:Administration, Oral; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D045166:Estradiol Congeners / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005270:Femur Head; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008593:Menopause / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009640:Norethindrone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000077563:Norethindrone Acetate; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D045166:Estradiol Congeners; D009644:Norgestrel; D004958:Estradiol; D000077563:Norethindrone Acetate; D009640:Norethindrone