Comparison of heterotypic protection against influenza A/Taiwan/86 (H1N1) by attenuated and inactivated vaccines to A/Chile/83-like viruses.
Children (n = 192) aged 3-19 years from 98 families completed this double-blind, placebo-controlled study comparing the efficacy of a bivalent attenuated (CR) vaccine with trivalent inactivated (TI) vaccine. Both vaccines contained A/Chile/83 (H1N1)-like antigens. After vaccination the geometric mean titer to A/Taiwan/86 (H1N1) was 1:36 in the CR group, 1:92 in the TI group, and 1:5 in the placebo group. During the influenza A/Taiwan/86 (H1N1) epidemic, 21.4% of CR recipients, 16.7% of TI recipients, and 43.9% of placebo recipients were infected with influenza A/Taiwan. TI vaccine provided better heterotypic protection than did CR vaccine for children aged 10-18 years (infection rate, 0 vs. 24%, respectively; P less than .025); in contrast, in the younger children (3-9 years), CR vaccine tended to be more protective (19% vs. 26% for TI).
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Department of Family Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City.
Crawford
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Glezen
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Taber
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Matson
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Couch
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D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated