title: The effect of various levels of ractopamine hydrochloride on the performance and carcass characteristics of finishing swine.
abstract: Six trials involving 888 pigs (Study 1) and three trials involving 360 pigs (Study 2) were conducted at various geographical locations in the U.S. and Canada to evaluate the effect of ractopamine hydrochloride on the performance and carcass characteristics of finishing swine. All trials were conducted using a randomized complete block design. Trial data were pooled within study for statistical analysis. Pigs averaged approximately 64.5 kg (Study 1) and 65.9 kg (Study 2) initially and had ad libitum access to a 16% crude protein corn-soybean meal or barley-soybean meal diet. Ractopamine was included in the diet at 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 or 30 ppm (Study 1), or at 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20 ppm (Study 2); diets were fed for an average of 45 d (Study 1) and 50 d (Study 2) to a final weight of about 104.3 kg (Study 1) and 106.6 kg (Study 2). Carcass dissection data were collected in three of the six trials in Study 1 (0, 5 and 20 ppm ractopamine) and in all three trials in Study 2 (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm ractopamine). All ractopamine levels improved (P less than .05) ADG and feed: gain (Studies 1 and 2) above those of control pigs. Ractopamine levels of 10 to 30 ppm (Studies 1 and 2) improved (P less than .05) dressing percentage over controls. Pigs fed ractopamine at 5 and 20 ppm (Study 1) and 10, 15 and 20 ppm (Study 2) had increased (P less than .05) dissected leanness compared with controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Lilly Research Laboratories, Greenfield, IN 46140.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Mowrey
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Veenhuizen
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D024510:Muscle Development; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D006133:Growth Substances; D010627:Phenethylamines; C060897:ractopamine