title: A prognostic system for transient ischemia or minor stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To build a prognostic system for patients with carotid transient ischemic attack or minor stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inception cohort study with 2-year follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban community teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible patients (n = 142), identified on a carotid ultrasound roster, had been hospitalized between 1984 and 1987 within 30 days of a first carotid transient ischemic attack or minor stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stroke or death within 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three factors were associated with stroke or death: age of more than 65 years, diabetes, and hypertension. Based on regression coefficients, age of more than 65 years was assigned 3 points; diabetes, 3 points; and hypertension, 2 points. An initial prognostic system comprised risk groups 1 (0 points), 2 (1 to 5 points), and 3 (6 to 8 points). Outcome rates in the three groups were 2%, 31%, and 54% (P less than 0.0001), respectively. In an independent test sample, the corresponding outcome rates for the initial system were 12%, 21%, and 31% (P = 0.04). A final prognostic system, including two additional predictors (coronary heart disease [1 point] and the distinction between stroke and transient ischemic attack for the baseline event [2 points]), comprised risk groups 1 (0 to 2 points), 2 (3 to 6 points), and 3 (7 to 11 points). Corresponding outcome rates were 3%, 27%, and 48% (P less than 0.001) in the original cohort and 10%, 21%, and 59% (P less than 0.001) in the test cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For selected patients with carotid transient ischemia or minor stroke, five clinical features can be combined to stratify effectively the risk for a subsequent stroke or death.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Kernan
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Horwitz
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Brass
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Viscoli
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014463:Ultrasonography