title: Effect of osmotic pressure on membrane energy-linked functions in Escherichia coli.
abstract: Osmotic upshock of E. coli cells in NaCl or sucrose medium resulted in a large decrease in the cytoplasmic volume and the inhibition of growth, of the electron transfer chain and of four different types of sugar transport system: the lactose proton symport, the glucose phosphotransferase system, the binding-protein dependent maltose transport system and the glycerol facilitator. In contrast to NaCl and sucrose, the permeant solute glycerol had no marked effect. These inhibitions could be partially relieved by glycine betaine. Despite these inhibitions, the internal pH, the protonmotive force and the ATP pool were maintained. It is concluded that inhibition of electron transfer and of sugar transport is the consequence of conformational changes caused by the deformation of the membrane. It is also concluded that the arrest of growth observed upon osmotic upshock is not due to energy limitations and that it cannot be explained by the inhibition of carbohydrate transport.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Biomembranes, CNRS, URA. 1116, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Houssin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eynard
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shechter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghazi
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001622:Betaine / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004579:Electron Transport; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001622:Betaine; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate