title: Clinical observations in children after prenatal benzodiazepine exposure.
abstract: Eight children excessively exposed to benzodiazepines (BZD) in utero are described. Five of the 8 mothers admitted regular use of BZD and in 3 mothers, stored serum from early pregnancy could be analysed and found positive for BZD and its metabolite. All the children had similar dysmorphic features, in addition, 1 child had aplasia of one kidney and 2 had cleft palate. At follow-up 2 children had become microcephalic. 2 were severely mentally retarded, 5 had a mild mental retardation and only 1 was of normal intelligence. In a case-control study, 4 neonatal diagnoses of congenital malformations, in our experience characteristic of fetal BZD exposure, were chosen as inclusion criteria. In 8 of 18 cases, blood samples from early pregnancy were positive for BZD as compared to 2 of 60 control samples. An association between BZD-positive serum tests and the particular diagnoses could be demonstrated (p = 0.00006).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics II, East Hospital, Gothenburg University, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Laegreid
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000328:Adult; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines