title: Subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
abstract: We report a rare case of a patient in whom severe subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema occurred in association with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis and in whom overdistention or disruption of alveoli with obliteration of the respiratory bronchioles was revealed on open lung biopsy. This case suggests that obstructive bronchiolitis with hypersensitivity pneumonitis is an etiologic factor of mediastinal emphysema.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University Medical School, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rikimaru
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000542:Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic / Q000150:complications*; D001988:Bronchiolitis / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000209:etiology*; D013352:Subcutaneous Emphysema / Q000209:etiology*