title: Toxoplasma encephalitis of immunocompetent and nude mice: immunohistochemical characterisation of Toxoplasma antigen, infiltrates and major histocompatibility complex gene products.
abstract: The experimental infection of immunocompetent and immunodeficient athymic mice with an avirulent encephalitogenic Toxoplasma strain (DX strain) was employed to study the ensuing encephalitic process by use of histological and immunocytochemical methods. In the acute phase of the infection Toxoplasma cysts and tachyzoites were accompanied by an infiltrate composed of macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In the chronic stage a granulomatous encephalitis developed. In contrast to immunocompetent NMRI mice, athymic nude NMRI mice died 3 weeks post-infection because of a generalized toxoplasmosis with predominant involvement of the brain. A salient feature of murine Toxoplasma encephalitis was up-regulation of class I and II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene products. Class I antigen was widely expressed on microglial cells and astrocytes. Class II antigen was only expressed on microglial cells despite a considerable astrogliosis. Our results indicate a differential expression of MHC-determined antigens on brain cells in acute and chronic murine Toxoplasma encephalitis.
authors.affiliation: Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, F.R.G.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schlüter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Löhler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deckert
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hof
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schwendemann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis*; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000032:analysis*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis*; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology*; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II