title: Pre-inspiratory burst in the caudal medulla of rabbits.
abstract: The activity of 48 respiratory units in the paraolivary region from the middle to the rostral end of the hypoglossal cranial nerve root, and the effect of electrical stimulation and L-glutamate applied to the region on phrenic nerve activity was investigated in 14 rabbits. Electrical stimulation (50 Hz, 0.2 ms current pulses at intensities 5-20 microA) and L-glutamate (30-100 ng) shortened the expiratory time and increased the respiratory rhythm with no change in tidal phrenic nerve activity. Rhythmic activity preceding the phrenic nerve activity (pre-inspiratory burst) was recorded in the paraolivary region. The temporal relationship between the pre-inspiratory (pre-I) burst and the phrenic activity remained constant even when the respiratory frequency was altered by passive lung inflation. These results suggest that structures in the paraolivary region may influence the respiratory rhythm in rabbits and that pre-I burst neurons may play a role in triggering periodic phrenic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwase
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanamaru
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sibuya
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012119:Respiration / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005971:Glutamates; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D018698:Glutamic Acid