title: Positive cotranscriptional regulation of intestinal calbindin-D28K gene expression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and glucocorticoids.
abstract: The steroid hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] induces expression of the gene encoding calbindin-D28K, a protein involved in intestinal Ca2+ transport. Glucocorticoids stimulate intestinal development and function, and presumed interaction with 1,25-(OH)2D3 has been intensively studied. Most studies involved administration of high doses of glucocorticoids in vivo, which inhibits intestinal Ca2+ transport by an unknown mechanism. However, it is now known from studies of the duodenal organ culture model that low concentrations of glucocorticoids enhance 1,25-(OH)2D3-dependent calbindin-D28K biosynthesis and Ca2+ transport. High concentrations mimic the action of administered glucocorticoids in vivo, suggesting that a distinct pharmacological or toxic mechanism causes inhibition of Ca2+ absorption. This report further shows that dexamethasone (DEX) rapidly enhanced calbindin-D28K gene expression, that is de novo calbindin-D28K mRNA biosynthesis. DEX also markedly reduced the actions of RNA and protein synthesis inhibitors on calbindin-D28K gene expression, although no evidence for an action of DEX or 1,25-(OH)2D3 at the translational level was obtained. Ca2+ transport activity was highly correlated with calbindin-D28K concentration regardless of treatment. Washout permitted complete reversal of inhibition, verifying the specificity of inhibitor activity. These results appear to show positive contranscriptional regulation of calbindin-D28K gene expression by 1,25-(OH)2D3 and glucocorticoids. The use of this model should continue to clarify the interactive roles of nuclear-acting hormones on the Ca2+ absorptive mechanism and on complex physiological and pathological processes in general.
authors.affiliation: Department/Section of Physiology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Corradino
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Fullmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064026:Calbindins; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002642:Chick Embryo; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / Q000235:genetics* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D064026:Calbindins; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; D003609:Dactinomycin; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003513:Cycloheximide; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium