title: Enhanced lymphoproliferation to influenza A virus following vaccination of older, chronically ill adults with live-attenuated viruses.
abstract: To question whether cellular immunity was stimulated by live-attenuated viruses in older, chronically ill adults, we intranasally inoculated 2 groups of volunteers (n = 37) with 2 different cold-recombinant, live-attenuated influenza A virus vaccines, and measured peripheral blood mononuclear cell responsiveness to influenza antigens and mitogen before and after vaccination. Lymphocyte proliferation to vaccine virus and to heterosubtypic influenza A virus increased postvaccination even in the subpopulation of vaccines who had a 4-fold nasal wash antibody titer rise to vaccine virus hemagglutinin, but no concomitant serum antibody titer rise to hemagglutinin. Vaccines aged greater than or equal to 65 years exhibited a rise in proliferation to vaccine virus postvaccination, as well. Based on lymphocyte proliferation, vaccine virus infection induced an enhanced cell-mediated immune response. Higher prevaccination serum antibody titers, however, were associated with protection from vaccine virus infection, and higher lymphocyte proliferation was not.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, MO.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Gorse
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Belshe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008875:Middle Aged; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic