title: Bone marrow transplantation or chemotherapy as post-remission treatment of adult acute myelogenous leukemia.
abstract: We compared three consolidation regimens in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia in first remission. Thirty-four patients received only intensive consolidation chemotherapy (SIC); 28 patients were scheduled to undergo an autologous bone marrow transplant (auto-BMT) and 44 patients an allogeneic BMT (allo-BMT). Twenty-seven of them were referred in first remission for allo-BMT. Nineteen patients achieved a complete remission after salvage treatment. All other patients obtained a remission after one or two courses of a standard combination of cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin. Except for the patients who were referred in remission, all patients received intermediate dose cytosine arabinoside and amsacrine as a first consolidation treatment. The median ages of the three groups were 48 (SIC), 39 (auto-BMT) and 33 years (allo-BMT). Two patients relapsed before auto-BMT and 1 before allo-BMT. The median interval from the date of complete remission to the auto- or allo-BMT was 3 months. In total, 80% of the patients of the SIC group relapsed, compared to 50% of the patients belonging to the auto-BMT group and 35% of the 44 patients who were scheduled to receive an allo-BMT. The overall median disease-free survival was 14 months, 30% of the patients being alive and disease-free at 3 years. The disease-free survival rate at three years was 25% for the SIC group, 30% for the allo-BMT group and 40% for the ABMT group (P = 0.45). Our study shows no benefit for bone marrow transplantation over intensive consolidation treatment. However, large randomized trials are required to define the real value of these treatment modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Willemze
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Fibbe
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kluin-Nelemans
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Falkenburg
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Richel
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: den Ottolander
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Zwaan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012074:Remission Induction; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D003630:Daunorubicin