title: Recombinant human GM-CSF significantly enhances the cytostatic activity of cell cycle specific anti-leukaemic drugs in HL-60 human myeloid leukaemia clonogenic cells in a capillary clonogenic micro-assay.
abstract: The effect of recombinant human GM-CSF on the cytostatic activity of the two cell cycle specific antileukaemic drugs, hydroxyurea and cytarabine, in HL-60 human myeloid leukaemic cells was studied in an agar capillary clonogenic micro assay. The ED90 concentrations which are the concentrations of hydroxyurea and cytarabine inducing a 90% maximum inhibition of colony formation and colony growth on day 7 in HL-60 cells were calculated from the logarithmic regression analysis of each dose response curve using the cricket graph version 1.3 program on an Apple Macintosh computer. Recombinant human GM-CSF significantly enhanced the cytostatic effect of hydroxyurea and cytarabine, and consequently reduced their ED90 concentrations. The present in vitro results provide a rationale for investigating the efficacy of combined recombinant human GM-CSF and hydroxyurea or cytarabine treatment in myeloid leukaemic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge Clinical School, England, U.K.
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veit
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Maurer
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D003561:Cytarabine; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006918:Hydroxyurea