title: Pharmacokinetics of cefodizime in normal individuals and in patients with renal failure.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of cefodizime (HR 221) were studied in 6 healthy male individuals and 12 male patients with various degrees of chronic renal failure following intravenous bolus injection of 1 g of the drug. Serum pharmacokinetics were described by an open two-compartment kinetic model. The serum levels of cefodizime exceeded the MIC90 for Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae for more than 12 h in healthy individuals and 24 h in renal failure patients. The half-life of elimination was significantly prolonged (p less than 0.001) from 2.7 +/- 0.2 h in healthy volunteers to 7.7 +/- 1.5 h in renal failure patients. The total systemic clearance decreased significantly (p less than 0.001) from 43.3 +/- 5.8 ml/h/kg in healthy volunteers to 23.2 +/- 5.6 ml/h/kg in renal failure patients. A linear correlation (r = 0.9; p less than 0.001) was found between creatinine clearance and the total systemic clearance of cefodizime. The AUC0-infinity in patients with renal failure was more than double the value in healthy volunteers. An equation to calculate the 1-gram dose interval of cefodizime in patients with compromised renal function is provided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: el Guinaidy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nawishy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abd el Bary
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sabbour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002439:Cefotaxime; C033356:cefodizime