title: Practical spontaneous metastasis model for in vivo therapeutic studies using a human melanoma.
abstract: In vivo studies aimed at therapy of spontaneous human tumor metastases have been hampered by the lack of practical experimental models. The LOX amelanotic melanoma model described here represents a transplantation model which rapidly and reproducibly results in spontaneous pulmonary metastasis following s.c. inoculation into athymic mice. Pulmonary lesions can be detected using a simple bioassay procedure which is useful for estimation of metastatic cell killing. Using this model we demonstrate that systemic therapy with cyclophosphamide or dacarbazine can produce metastatic cell killing consistent with complete eradication of established pulmonary metastases. This model may also prove useful for future experimental therapeutic studies aimed at prevention of metastases by manipulating tumor staging interval and treatment schedule.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Shoemaker
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dykes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Plowman
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Griswold
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Mayo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fodstad
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Boyd
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D003606:Dacarbazine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide