title: Production and specificity of monoclonal antibodies against calmodulin from Dictyostelium discoideum.
abstract: Monoclonal antibodies were raised against calmodulin purified from Dictyostelium discoideum. To increase its antigenicity, the calmodulin was conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin; mice were immunized with the conjugate. Hybridomas producing antibodies against calmodulin were identified by screening culture supernatants with calmodulin coupled to bovine serum albumin. The specificity of antibodies from hybridoma culture supernatants was tested by Western blot of Dictyostelium cell lysates. For the purpose, methods were developed that permitted sensitive detection of calmodulin bound to membranes. The key elements of the blotting protocol were used of PVDF membrane, transfer conducted in phosphate buffer, and glutaraldehyde fixation after transfer. These methods permitted detection of as little as 0.1 ng of calmodulin spotted directly onto the membrane, or 10 ng transferred from an SDS polyacrylamide gel. Ten calmodulin-specific antibodies were identified; most of these reacted preferentially with the calcium-containing form of Dictyostelium calmodulin. Several of the monoclonal antibodies cross-reacted with calmodulin from bovine brain.
authors.affiliation: Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hulen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salisbury
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000918:Antibody Specificity / Q000276:immunology; D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D003429:Cross Reactions / Q000276:immunology; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000032:analysis*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002147:Calmodulin; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D002118:Calcium