title: Penicillin-resistant isolates of Neisseria lactamica produce altered forms of penicillin-binding protein 2 that arose by interspecies horizontal gene transfer.
abstract: Isolates of Neisseria lactamica that have increased resistance to penicillin have emerged in recent years. Resistance to penicillin was shown to be due to the production of altered forms of penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP 2) that have reduced affinity for the antibiotic. The sequences of the PBP 2 genes (penA) from two penicillin-resistant isolates were almost identical (less than or equal to 1% sequence divergence) to that of a penicillin-susceptible isolate, except in a 175-bp region where the resistant and susceptible isolates differed by 27%. The nucleotide sequences of these divergent regions were identical (or almost identical) to the sequence of the corresponding region of the penA gene of N. flavescens NCTC 8263. Altered forms of PBP 2 with decreased affinity for penicillin in the two penicillin-resistant isolates of N. lactamica appear, therefore, to have arisen by the replacement of part of the N. lactamica penA gene with the corresponding region from the penA gene of N. flavescens.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Bacteriologia, Centro Nacional de Microbiologia, Virologia e Immunologia Sanitarias, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lujan
authors.forename: Q Y
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sáez Nieto
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Spratt
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006602:Hexosyltransferases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D002267:Muramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; D009343:Neisseria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D010403:Penicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D010458:Peptidyl Transferases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D010458:Peptidyl Transferases; D006602:Hexosyltransferases; D002267:Muramoylpentapeptide Carboxypeptidase