title: Proteolysis in rat hypothalamic neurosecretory granules: characterization of an alpha-chymotrypsin-like activity in the pathway of intracellular processing of prohormones.
abstract: To yield biologically active hormones, prohomones are processed by cleavages at paired basic amino acid residues. In this study we report that a chymotrypsin-like activity has been colocalized with trypsin-like and carboxypeptidase-B-like proteases in neurosecretory granules, the site of intracellular processing of prohomones. Using a peptide of 11 amino acids as a simple model system for the study of prohomone processing, we have identified in neurosecretory granule membranes a novel protease that specifically recognizes and cleaves peptide bonds at aromatic residues. Studies were also performed with the fluorogenic peptide substrate N-succinyl-leucyl-leucyl-valyl-tyrosine-7-amino-4-methyl-coumarine . The identified protease activity is inactivated by a cloromethyl ketone derivative (Tos-Phe-CH2-Cl) by Trasylol, and markedly by phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride and diisopropylfluorophosphate. This activity is colocalized with other prohomone-processing enzymes in neurosecretory granules, which indicates that this activity is involved in the prohomone processing. Alternatively, this activity may function in the degradation of homones and neuropeptides when they are released in synapses.
authors.affiliation: INSERM Hospital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Robichon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuks
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D043424:Carboxypeptidase B; D002268:Carboxypeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D002918:Chymotrypsin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D003374:Coumarins / Q000378:metabolism; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000201:enzymology*; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000201:enzymology; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003374:Coumarins; D006728:Hormones; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D011498:Protein Precursors; C046582:succinyl-leucyl-leucyl-valyl-tyrosyl-methylcoumarinamide; D002268:Carboxypeptidases; D043424:Carboxypeptidase B; D002918:Chymotrypsin; D014357:Trypsin