title: Culture medium and protein supplementation influence in vitro fertilization and embryo development in the domestic cat.
abstract: The influence of culture medium and protein supplements on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and morula-to-blastocyst development in culture was examined in the domestic cat. In Study I, follicular oocytes were fertilized and cultured in 1) modified Krebs Ringer bicarbonate (mKRB); 2) modified Tyrode's solution (TALP) without phosphate or glucose; or 3) Ham's F10. All media contained bovine serum albumin (BSA). Fertilization rates were similar (P greater than .05) among mKRB (75.0%), TALP (70.6%), and Ham's F10 (80.0%) treatments. Compared to TALP (77.8%), more (P less than .05) embryos in Ham's F10 (95.0%) developed to the morula stage; development of mKRB embryos (88.9%) was intermediate and not different (P greater than .05). Study II evaluated the effects of protein availability and type on IVF and embryo growth. Ham's F10 was supplemented with polyvinylalcohol (PVA, 2 mg/ml), BSA (4 mg/ml), fetal calf serum (FCS, 5%), or estrous cat serum (ECS, 5%) and used to fertilize and culture embryos. Fertilization was enhanced (P less than .05) using either FCS (84.0%) or ECS (85.2%) compared to PVA (67.3%). Oocytes exposed to BSA fertilized at a rate (76.1%) similar (P greater than .05) to other treatments. Embryos exposed to all four treatment groups (PVA, 82.8%; BSA, 82.8%; FCS, 92.9%; or ECS, 97.8%) were equally capable (P greater than .05) of becoming morulae. However, more FCS- or ECS-supplemented morulae continued to the early blastocyst stage (30.8%, 22.2%, respectively, P less than .05) than PVA- (10.3%) or BSA- (13.8%) exposed morulae. In the domestic cat IVF system, the type of medium and protein supplement used appears to have a greater impact on embryo development in vitro than on fertilization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia 20008.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Donoghue
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Wildt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst; D002415:Cats; D002469:Cell Separation; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003470:Culture Media; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D011506:Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013094:Spermatozoa
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D011506:Proteins