title: Three-dimensional readout of flash x-ray images of living sperm in water by atomic-force microscopy.
abstract: The imaging of living specimens in water by x-ray microscopy can be greatly enhanced with the use of an intense flash x-ray source and sophisticated technologies for reading x-ray images. A subnanosecond [corrected] x-ray pulse from a laser-produced plasma was used to record the x-ray image of living sea urchin sperm in an x-ray resist. The resist relief was visualized at high resolution by atomic-force microscopy. Internal structure of the sperm head was evident, and the carbon density in a flagellum was estimated from the relief height.
authors.affiliation: Electrotechnical Laboratory, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomie
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Majima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanayama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012617:Sea Urchins; D012623:Seawater; D013082:Sperm Tail / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D008768:Methylmethacrylates