title: Differences in response in vivo to amphotericin B among Candida albicans strains.
abstract: A group of ten Candida albicans strains previously determined to be resistant or susceptible to topical amphotericin B in vivo and in vitro were exposed to treatment with different concentrations of the drug in a quantitative model of candidal keratitis in Dutch-belted rabbits. After 5 days of topical treatment with amphotericin B eye drops in concentrations of 0.3%, 0.03%, or 0.003%, quantitative isolate recovery in treated animals was compared with that of untreated controls. A dose response was observed for all five susceptible strains. The two strains that were most sensitive to amphotericin B in vitro also were the most susceptible in vivo. At each dose level there was a two- to eightfold reduction in isolate recovery among highly susceptible strains compared with less susceptible strains (P less than 0.05). The five resistant strains remained so even when the 0.3% concentration was used. Among strains of C. albicans susceptible to amphotericin B, there appeared to be a variation in degree of susceptibility in vivo that correlated with the minimum inhibitory concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: O'Day
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Head
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007634:Keratitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D000666:Amphotericin B