title: Linkage of a gene causing familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to chromosome 21 and evidence of genetic-locus heterogeneity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurologic disorder that commonly results in paralysis and death. Despite more than a century of research, no cause of, cure for, or means of preventing this disorder has been found. In a minority of cases, it is familial and inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with age-dependent penetrance. In contrast to the sporadic form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the familial form provides the opportunity to use molecular genetic techniques to localize an inherited defect. Furthermore, such studies have the potential to discover the basic molecular defect causing motor-neuron degeneration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We evaluated 23 families with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis for linkage of the gene causing this disease to four DNA markers on the long arm of chromosome 21. Multipoint linkage analyses demonstrated linkage between the gene and these markers. The maximum lod score--5.03--was obtained 10 centimorgans distal (telomeric) to the DNA marker D21S58. There was a significant probability (P less than 0.0001) of genetic-locus heterogeneity in the families.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The localization of a gene causing familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis provides a means of isolating this gene and studying its function. Insight gained from understanding the function of this gene may be applicable to the design of rational therapy for both the familial and sporadic forms of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Siddique
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Figlewicz
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pericak-Vance
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rouleau
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jeffers
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sapp
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bebout
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McKenna-Yasek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers