title: The 'positive-inside rule' applies to thylakoid membrane proteins.
abstract: In integral membrane proteins, regions that span the lipid bilayer alternate with regions that are exposed on either side of the membrane. For proteins from the plasma membrane of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells it has been shown that the exposed parts follow a 'positive-inside rule': on average, segments that are translocated across the membrane have a 2-4-fold lower frequency of positively charged residues than non-translocated segments. We now present an analysis of proteins from the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. It is shown that these proteins have the same charge asymmetry as has been reported for proteins from other membrane systems, with their more highly charged regions facing the stromal compartment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Theoretical Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gavel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Steppuhn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: von Heijne
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D011387:Prokaryotic Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D008565:Membrane Proteins