title: Fusogenic activity of SIV (simian immunodeficiency virus) peptides located in the GP32 NH2 terminal domain.
abstract: Peptides of 12, 16 and 24 amino acids length corresponding to the NH2 terminal sequence of SIV gp32 were synthesized. Fluorescence energy transfer studies have shown that those peptides can induce lipid mixing of SUV (Small Unilamellar Vesicles) of various compositions at pH 7.4 and 37 degrees C. LUV (Large Unilamellar Vesicles) were shown to undergo fusion, provided they contained PE in their lipid composition. This work is an attempt to determine how the fusogenic activity depends on the structure of the peptide inserted into a lipidic environment. The peptides secondary structure and orientation in the lipid bilayer were determined using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). They adopt mainly a beta-sheet conformation in the absence of lipids. After interaction with DOPC SUV, the beta-sheet is partly converted into alpha-helix oriented obliquely with respect to the membrane interface. We bring here evidence that this oblique orientation is a prerequisite to the fusion process.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique des Macromolécules aux Interfaces, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Defrise-Quertain
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mandieau
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saermark
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burny
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brasseur
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ruysschaert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vandenbranden
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008081:Liposomes; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins
chemical_list: D015686:Gene Products, env; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008081:Liposomes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; C059580:transmembrane protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus