Chemosuppression of breast cancer with long-term tamoxifen therapy.
The pharmacology of the antiestrogen tamoxifen is reviewed. The drug is currently used extensively in the treatment of all stages of breast cancer and is being considered as a preventive agent for women at high risk for breast cancer. Extensive laboratory studies demonstrate that tamoxifen is a tumoristatic agent in models of mammary carcinogenesis. Any clinical applications must therefore consider long-term (5-10 years) treatment strategies. Tamoxifen prevents rat mammary carcinogenesis. However, the timing of the carcinogenic insult is unknown among women. Tamoxifen must be considered to be a chemosuppressive agent to prevent the appearance of the primary tumor rather than to prevent the initial carcinogenic insult.
Jordan
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VC
Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin Clinical Cancer Center, Madison 53792.
D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D013629:Tamoxifen