Dry chemistry pathology in general practice. An assessment of utilisation, perceptions and impact on patient care. Non-Laboratory Pathology Working Party of the National Health Technology Advisory Panel.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the impact of the introduction of dry chemistry pathology in general practice.


METHODS
A two-period crossover trial in two groups of general practices.


METHODS
Twenty-eight general practices with an interest in participating in a trial of the new technology were selected from practices related to the coordinating hospitals.


METHODS
Each practice was observed in its usual operation for one of the two study periods and observed using a dry chemistry analyser during the other.


METHODS
Laboratory pathology tests and analyser tests were recorded during the study period. General practice records were searched to assess the impact of dry chemistry pathology on the detection of new disease (anaemia) and the control of existing disease (diabetes; and hyperkalaemia or hypokalaemia). Questionnaires were given to patients and general practitioners to assess their perceptions of the new technology. Imprecision of the analysers was assessed by use of their internal control material and inaccuracy was assessed by split sample analysis in comparison with standard laboratory tests.


RESULTS
Use of analysers was associated with a 2% non-significant reduction in the use of laboratory tests. For those tests with a direct analyser equivalent, there was a 9% and 13% reduction in biochemical and haematological tests respectively. However, there was a 46% increase in the total number of biochemical tests--by laboratory or analyser--during the period when analysers were available. No effect on the detection of new disease or the control of existing disease was observed. Patients rated analysers highly and rated laboratory tests less highly when analysers were available. General practitioners typically reported that the analysers made a minor contribution to their practice and did not fit in easily. The level of analytical reliability of the analysers was not always acceptable.


CONCLUSIONS
General practices varied greatly in their use of the analysers. This experience of dry chemistry pathology in general practice suggests that its application is limited.
D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001322:Autoanalysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood; D005194:Family Practice; D006801:Humans; D010783:Photometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D010824:Physicians' Offices; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D013673:Technology Assessment, Biomedical
D001786:Blood Glucose; D011188:Potassium