title: Hormone response of diabetic patients to exercise at cool and warm temperatures.
abstract: Both exercise and high ambient temperatures stimulate the secretion of counterregulatory hormones which can change glucose homeostasis. We studied whether in diabetic patients there are any differences in the hormonal response to exercise performed at cool or warm ambient temperatures. A study was performed on eight male insulin-dependent patients at rest and during exercise at +10 degrees C and +30 degrees C. Exercise consisted of three consecutive 15-min periods at 60% of maximal aerobic capacity. The concentrations of plasma lactate and counterregulatory hormones at rest were similar at warm and cool temperature, whereas prolactin concentration was higher (P less than 0.01) at +30 degrees C. Exercise resulted in an increase in noradrenaline, growth hormone and prolactin (P less than 0.01), prevented the diurnal decrease in cortisol, but had no effect on glucagon. Hormone responses to exercise were similar at +10 degrees C and at +30 degrees C, except for cortisol and noradrenaline which showed greater responses at warm than at cool temperatures. This may have been due to the higher relative work load at warm compared to cool temperatures as suggested by the higher heart rate and greater increase of lactate at +30 degrees C. These data indicate that within a range of ambient temperatures commonly occurring in sports, the response of counterregulatory hormones is largely independent of ambient temperature in insulin-dependent diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Research Centre, Social Insurance Institution, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rönnemaa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marniemi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leino
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karanko
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puukka
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Koivisto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001831:Body Temperature; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006339:Heart Rate; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006728:Hormones; D007773:Lactates; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone; D005934:Glucagon; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D009638:Norepinephrine