title: Endemic giardiasis and municipal water supply.
abstract: To test the hypothesis that endemic giardiasis may be transmitted by unfiltered municipal water supplies, the incidence of laboratory-confirmed giardiasis was studied in a natural experiment due to the arrangement of the public water supply of Dunedin, New Zealand. The incidence rate ratio was 3.3 (90% CI = 1.1, 10.1) for the population receiving unfiltered (microstrained) water relative to that using sand filtered water. In a parallel case-control study of incident cases, the odds ratio for giardiasis and unfiltered (microstrained) water supply was 1.8 (90% CI = 0.5, 6.9).
authors.affiliation: Public Health and Primary Care Programs, Otago Area Health Board, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Cooke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015982:Bias; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005374:Filtration; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply / Q000592:standards*