title: Effects of polyol-pathway inhibition and dietary myo-inositol on glomerular hemodynamic function in experimental diabetes mellitus in rats.
abstract: Early functional disturbances in nerve, retina, and lens in diabetes mellitus appear to result from a common mechanism involving increased polyol-pathway activity with an associated effect on tissue myo-inositol metabolism. We tested the role of increased polyol-pathway activity in the early glomerular hemodynamic abnormalities in experimental diabetes in rats with dietary myo-inositol supplementation or the administration of sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor. Each maneuver prevented the glomerular hyperfiltration of early streptozocin-induced diabetes and reversed the hyperfiltration of established diabetes of 10 days' duration. We also found that the abnormal response to captopril in diabetic rats was improved by dietary myo-inositol supplementation or sorbinil administration. Although nonhypotensive doses of captopril lowered glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in diabetic rats on a 0.01% myo-inositol diet, GFR increased substantially after captopril infusion in diabetic rats treated with sorbinil or myo-inositol supplementation. These data suggest that normalization of tissue myo-inositol metabolism restores normal responsiveness to angiotensin II; this may contribute to the reduction in GFR with the two experimental maneuvers. We also tested the interaction between polyol-pathway activation and high dietary protein intake. Aldose reductase inhibition and dietary myo-inositol supplementation had no effect on the component of increased GFR due to 50% dietary protein intake but specifically inhibited the hyperfiltration attributable to diabetes. These results suggest that hyperglycemia acts through increased polyol-pathway activity and its effects on tissue myo-inositol metabolism to play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of the glomerular hyperfiltration characteristic of early diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6144.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldfarb
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Ziyadeh
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Simmons
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002216:Captopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D048289:Imidazolidines; D007294:Inositol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012016:Reference Values; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D013402:Sugar Alcohols / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007093:Imidazoles; D048289:Imidazolidines; D013402:Sugar Alcohols; D007294:Inositol; D002216:Captopril; C026411:sorbinil