title: Acid soluble, short chain esterified and free carnitine in the liver, heart, muscle and brain of pre and post hatched chicks.
abstract: 1. The behaviour of total acid soluble, short chain esterified and free carnitine in the liver, heart, muscle and brain of chick embryos between 11th and 21st day of development and of 8 and 180-day-old chicks is described. 2. Total acid soluble carnitine fluctuates around the same levels in the brain, liver and muscle until 18th day of development, whereas it attains a peak on that day in the heart. At hatching compared to 18th day, it suddenly increases three times in the muscle, drops not significantly in the heart and brain, but sharply in the liver (-40%). However the levels are always higher than those of the grown chick in the brain but lower in the other tissues. 3. Free carnitine levels are almost constant in all tissues during the embryonic life; if compared to adult ones, they are very much lower in the liver, heart and muscle, but higher in the brain, even in 8 day-old chick. 4. Short chain esterified, carnitine reaches a maximum on 18th day of egg incubation in the liver, brain and heart; in the muscle it stays on constant levels until this day and then rapidly increases so that at hatching it doubles the values. 5. The short chain esterified to free carnitine percentage ratio peaks in all tissues on 18th day of development, attaining figures which are well above those determined in the grown chick.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina ed Oncologia Sperimentale, Università di Torino, Italia.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rinaudo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Curto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piccinini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002331:Carnitine / Q000378:metabolism*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004951:Esterification; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009132:Muscles / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D002331:Carnitine