title: Extended type 1 chain glycosphingolipids: dimeric Lea (III4V4Fuc2Lc6) as human tumor-associated antigen.
abstract: Glycolipid extracts from various human cancer tissues and cell lines showed the presence of a slow-migrating glycolipid component which was strongly reactive with monoclonal antibody (mAb) NCC-ST-421 (raised against human gastric adenocarcinoma) and weakly cross-reactive with anti-Lea mAbs. The slow-migrating glycolipid was isolated from human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line Colo205 grown in nude mice, and was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography followed by preparative thin-layer chromatography. Its structure was elucidated by sequential enzymatic degradation and thin-layer chromatography immunostaining of the degradation products with various mAbs, 1H NMR spectroscopy, positive-ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and methylation analysis. The major slow-migrating component reacting with mAb ST-421 was identified as dimeric Lea, with the structure as follows. [formula: see text] Antigens containing this structure and various analogous structures (including enzymatically synthesized Lea/Lex hybrid antigen) were tested with ST-421. While the mAb was equally reactive with dimeric Lea and Lea/Lex, only the former was chemically detectable as the slow-migrating glycolipid from the tumor extract. ST-421 showed less reactivity with simple Lea (III4FucLc4) or extended Lea (V4FucLc6, and/or IV3Gal beta 1----3[Fuc alpha 1----4]GlcNAcnLc4), and was not reactive with Lex/Lex (dimeric Lex). It was concluded, therefore, that the major tumor-associated slow-migrating glycolipid reacting with ST-421 has the dimeric Lea structure shown above. Since extension of lacto-series structure has been shown to be limited to type 2 chain in normal cells and tissues, extended elongation of type 1 chain as shown in this structure represents a novel tumor-associated epitope.
authors.affiliation: Biomembrane Institute, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Stroud
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Levery
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Nudelman
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Salyan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Towell
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hakomori
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D003429:Cross Reactions; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008745:Methylation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016339:Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D006028:Glycosphingolipids