title: The association between alcohol and breast cancer risk: evidence from the combined analysis of six dietary case-control studies.
abstract: Data from 1,575 cases and 1,974 controls enrolled in 6 previously conducted case-control studies of diet and breast cancer have been analysed with respect to alcohol intake. There appears to be an absence of any association between consumption of up to 40 g of alcohol per day and risk of breast cancer, and a highly statistically significant and consistent elevated risk of breast cancer for drinkers of 40 g or more of alcohol per day, for whom the relative risk, as compared with that of non-drinkers, is 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.19 to 2.40). This association is not due to confounding by a number of diet-related factors, including total calories, fat, fibre and vitamin C.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute of Canada, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rohan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Decarli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iscovich
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaldor
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katsouyanni
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marubini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riboli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Toniolo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk