title: Controlled trial of hypnotherapy in the treatment of refractory fibromyalgia.
abstract: In a controlled study, 40 patients with refractory fibromyalgia were randomly allocated to treatment with either hypnotherapy or physical therapy for 12 weeks with followup at 24 weeks. Compared with the patients in the physical therapy group, the patients in the hypnotherapy group showed a significantly better outcome with respect to their pain experience, fatigue on awakening, sleep pattern and global assessment at 12 and 24 weeks, but this was not reflected in an improvement of the total myalgic score measured by a dolorimeter. At baseline most patients in both groups had strong feelings of somatic and psychic discomfort as measured by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. These feelings showed a significant decrease in patients treated by hypnotherapy compared with physical therapy, but they remained abnormally strong in many cases. We conclude hypnotherapy may be useful in relieving symptoms in patients with refractory fibromyalgia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Sint Antonius Ziekenhuis, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Haanen
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Hoenderdos
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: van Romunde
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hop
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mallee
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Terwiel
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Hekster
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics