title: Effects of an infusion of dopamine on the cardiopulmonary effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin in anaesthetised horses.
abstract: Horses with colic may be endotoxaemic and subsequently develop hypotension during anaesthesia for surgical operation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dopamine as a means to improve cardiovascular function in anaesthetised endotoxaemic horses. Nine horses (five in group 1 and four in group 2) were anaesthetised with thiopentone and guaifenesin and anaesthesia was maintained with halothane. After approximately one hour, facial artery pressure, heart rate, pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output, temperature, pHa, PaCO2, PaO2, base excess, packed cell volume, plasma protein concentration and white cell count were measured (time 0). Escherichia coli endotoxin was infused intravenously over 15 minutes in both groups. Group 2 horses were given an intravenous infusion of dopamine (5 micrograms kg-1 min-1) starting five minutes after the start of the endotoxin infusion and continuing for 60 minutes. Measurements were made at 15 minute intervals for 120 minutes. In group 1, one horse died during the endotoxin infusion and in two other horses mean facial artery pressures decreased to 50 mm Hg. Total pulmonary vascular resistance and packed cell volume were significantly increased. Cardiac output, cardiac index and change in mean arterial pressure were significantly greater in group 2 horses than in group 1 horses. Conversely, diastolic pulmonary artery pressure, total vascular resistance and total pulmonary resistance were significantly less in group 2 than in group 1. PaO2, base excess and white blood cell count were significantly decreased in both groups. It was concluded that dopamine improved cardiovascular function in the presence of endotoxaemia and attenuated the rate of haemoconcentration, but had no effect on the development of decreased PaO2 or metabolic acidosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Trim
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hardee
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hardee
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Slade
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000187:drug effects; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D004298:Dopamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006736:Horses; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D014115:Toxemia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004731:Endotoxins; D007773:Lactates; C044101:endotoxin, Escherichia coli; D010100:Oxygen; D006221:Halothane; D004298:Dopamine