Lipid aldehyde oxidation as a physiological role for class 3 aldehyde dehydrogenases.
A large number of different unsaturated, saturated and hydroxylated aliphatic aldehydes can be generated during the peroxidation of cellular lipids. This study examined the kinetic properties of purified Class 3 rat aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) with respect to the oxidation of various lipid aldehyde substrates. It also compared the substrate preference of the prototypic Class 3 ALDH with that of the constitutive rat microsomal aldehyde dehydrogenase. The results suggest that (1) microsomal ALDH is a member of the Class 3 aldehyde dehydrogenase family, and (2) the physiological role of the Class 3 ALDHs, including the microsomal form, is the oxidation of medium (6 to 9 carbon) chain length saturated and unsaturated aldehydes generated by the peroxidation of cellular lipids. Short chain aliphatic aldehydes, such as a malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenals, are not substrates for the Class 3 aldehyde dehydrogenases.
Lindahl
R
R
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Dakota, School of Medicine, Vermillion 57069.
Petersen
D R
DR
D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007700:Kinetics; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats
D000447:Aldehydes; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase