title: A non-bronchoconstrictor, bacteriostatic preservative for nebuliser solutions.
abstract: We have studied the bacteriostatic and airways effects of the preservatives chlorocresol and chlorbutol, to assess if they may be safely used in nebuliser solutions. The bacteriostatic study was carried out according to standard techniques, and the preservatives were able to inhibit the growth of a range of bacteria and yeasts for a period of 28 days. The airways effects were studied in eight asthmatic subjects, who were challenged with either the preservatives or saline (as placebo). Pulmonary function was followed as FEV1 for 60 min after inhalation, and there was no change in FEV1 following inhalation. We conclude that these preservatives may be used safely in nebuliser solutions.
authors.affiliation: Immunopharmacology Group, University of Southampton.
authors.forename: Q A
authors.initials: QA
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Nesbit
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Holgate
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000336:Aerosols; D001249:Asthma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002724:Chlorobutanol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003408:Cresols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D003408:Cresols; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D012996:Solutions; C006984:chlorocresol; D002724:Chlorobutanol