Cytotoxic chemotherapy-induced second primary neoplasms: clinical aspects.
The incidence of second malignancies was assessed by retrospectively analyzing data from previous studies in well-defined and closely followed patient cohorts. After a median follow-up of more than 6 years following MOPP (mechlorethamine/vincristine/procarbazine/prednisone) chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy, 5% of patients with Hodgkin's disease developed second primaries, 60% of which were leukemias. Melphalan caused a 3% leukemia rate among 1129 patients with ovarian cancer who were followed for a median period of 4 years. No leukemia was observed among 1132 breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant CMF (cyclophosphamide/methotrexate/5-fluorouracil) after a median follow-up of 7.5 years. Long-term, comprehensive studies are needed to improve the current knowledge and the prognosis of patients with second primary neoplasms.
Petru
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Graz, Austria.
Schmähl
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D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008466:Mechlorethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008558:Melphalan / Q000009:adverse effects; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000453:epidemiology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011344:Procarbazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011344:Procarbazine; D008466:Mechlorethamine; D014750:Vincristine; D008558:Melphalan; D011241:Prednisone