title: A green 2,4-pentadienoyl-CoA reductase from Clostridium aminovalericum.
abstract: 2,4-Pentadienoyl-CoA reductase from Clostridium aminovalericum was purified to homogeneity (170-182 kDa). PAGE in the presence of SDS revealed a single band (44 kDa) indicating a homotetrameric structure. The native enzyme had a green colour and contained 0.4 mol FAD/subunit. Its unusual ultraviolet/visible-spectrum showed absorption maxima at 270, 402 and 715 nm as well as shoulders at 278, 360, 450 and 500 nm. Removal of the prosthetic group at pH 2 in the presence of salt and charcoal yielded a colourless and completely inactive apoenzyme, which could be reconstituted with FAD (not with FMN) to an active holoenzyme showing a normal flavoprotein spectrum (peaks at 369 nm and 436 nm). Thereby the FAD content increased to 0.9 mol/subunit with a concomitant rise in activity to 200% of the original value. Anaerobic reduction of the green enzyme by dithionite and reoxidation by air afforded a green preparation with a spectrum similar to that of the native enzyme. Addition of excess FAD to the green reductase also increased the activity by a factor of two. The green enzyme catalysed the oxidation of (E)-3-pentenoyl-CoA or (E)-3-hexenoyl-CoA to 2,4-pentadienoyl-CoA or 2,4-hexenoyl-CoA, respectively. 2-Pentenoyl-CoA or 4-pentenoyl-CoA were not oxidised. Meldola blue (8-dimethylamino-2,3-benzophenoxazine) and 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyltetrazolium chloride (V = 26 nkat/mg protein) or ferricenium hexafluorophosphate (V = 1900 nkat/mg), but not NAD(P), served as electron acceptors. Reduction of 2,4-pentadienoyl-CoA (V = 370 nkat/mg) was observed with reduced benzyl viologen, but not with NAD(P)H as an electron donor. Although the enzyme had some pentenoyl-CoA delta-isomerase activity (1.2 nkat/mg), the only product of the reduction was 3-pentenoyl-CoA rather than 2-pentenoyl-CoA.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorium für Mikrobiologie, Fachbereich Biologie der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eikmanns
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Buckel
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D003013:Clostridium / Q000201:enzymology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007700:Kinetics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; C100153:2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase