title: Comparison of the hemodynamic effects of halothane alone and halothane combined with epidurally administered morphine for anesthesia in ventilated dogs.
abstract: The hemodynamic effects of 1.5 minimal alveolar concentration of halothane alone (1.6% end-tidal) and 1.5 minimal alveolar concentration of halothane (1.1% end-tidal concentration) combined with epidurally administered morphine were compared during controlled ventilation in 10 dogs used on 2 occasions and randomly allocated to 2 groups. Arterial blood pressure, cardiac index, stroke volume, left ventricular work, and pulmonary arterial pressure were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in dogs of the morphine-treated group before administration of morphine. After epidural administration of morphine (0.1 mg/kg of body weight diluted in 0.26 ml of saline solution/kg), hemodynamic changes were not observed, and the aforementioned variables remained significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than values in dogs of the halothane only group. Compared with halothane (1.6%) alone, the reduction in halothane end-tidal concentration (1.1%) associated with epidurally administered morphine is beneficial in maintaining hemodynamic function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valverde
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Dyson
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cockshutt
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: McDonell
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Valliant
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D007268:Injections, Epidural / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011897:Random Allocation; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009020:Morphine; D006221:Halothane