title: Vaccination of calves with a modified bacterin or oil-in-water emulsion containing alkali-detoxified Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide.
abstract: Twenty-six clinically normal colostrum-fed dairy calves were allotted to 5 groups. Calves of groups 1 and 2 served as nonvaccinated controls and were challenge-exposed with variable numbers of organisms. Group-3 calves were vaccinated SC with a modified Salmonella typhimurium bacterin. The bacterin was composed of killed acid-hydrolyzed S typhimurium G30/C21 (Re-mutant) whole cells coated with alkali-hydrolyzed S typhimurium LT-2 lipopolysaccharide, as antigen, and monophosphoryl lipid A, as adjuvant. Calves of groups 4 and 5 were vaccinated with a 2% mineral oil-in-water emulsion containing lipopolysaccharide as antigen and monophosphoryl lipid A and trehalose 6-6'-dimycolate as adjuvants. Calves of groups 3-5 were vaccinated at 2 weeks of age and again at 4 or 6 weeks of age. Adverse reactions were not observed after vaccination. Calves were challenge-exposed orally at 6 or 8 weeks of age with 1.5 X 10(11) (groups 1 and 4), or 3.0 X 10(11) (groups 2, 3, and 5) colony-forming units of S typhimurium UCD 108-11. Mortality after challenge exposure was 2 of 5 group-1 calves; 4 of 5 group-2 calves; 5 of 6 group-3 calves; 1 of 5 group-4 calves; and 4 of 5 group-5 calves. Statistical difference between calves of similarly challenge-exposed groups was not evident, indicating failure of either vaccine to protect calves of this age from oral challenge exposure with virulent S typhimurium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ulrich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology*; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated