title: Epidemiology of nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteremia during the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic.
abstract: To assess the impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on nontyphoidal Salmonella septicemia and to identify risk factors for this infection, national laboratory-based Salmonella surveillance data and AIDS case reports were analyzed. Among 25- to 49-year-old men in states with a high incidence of AIDS, the proportion of Salmonella isolates reported from blood increased from 2.8% in 1978-1982 to 14.2% in 1983-1987, with substantial increases for serotypes enteritidis and typhimurium. Of adolescents and adults reported with AIDS from September 1987 through March 1990, 337 (0.48%) had recurrent Salmonella septicemia, with higher proportions among those who resided in the Northeast (0.86%), had a history of intravenous drug use (0.79%), or were black (0.74%) or Hispanic (0.57%). These data suggest that the risk of Salmonella septicemia in persons with AIDS is affected by geographic prevalence of Salmonella species, host characteristics, and invasiveness of infecting strains.
authors.affiliation: Enteric Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Buehler
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Bean
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Tauxe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology