title: Freud's antipathy to America.
abstract: Freud first saw this in America's attitude toward the use of cocaine. It was freely and legally used and even promoted by American physicians as beneficial in many medical conditions. Freud was first swept along by America's prococaine enthusiasm. He narrowly missed destroying his own medical reputation by his continuing close connection and advocacy of cocaine. Freud made his only visit to America in 1909. Despite the success of his visit and the congeniality of Americans toward him, he was already programmed toward a negative response. He allowed minor everyday inconveniences and cultural differences to spoil the trip for him. The chronic intestinal distress that had bothered him previously now was labelled as his "American dyspepsia." He developed additional reasons for disliking America. They accepted his three key dissenters, Adler, Jung, and Rank. He even believed that these three men achieved greater notoriety and popularity in America than he did. In fact, the Freudian psychoanalytic movement became much larger and more powerful in America than did the followings of any or all of his defectors. Freud did not like the shortcuts and lack of mastery of the basics of psychoanalysis that he believed happened in America. Some of this was true, but it was mainly exaggerated in Freud's mind. The gold of psychoanalysis was never transformed into a practical but deficient psychoanalytic alloy as Freud feared it might. There was a genuine disagreement about whether a psychoanalyst should have to become a medical doctor or not. It was a complicated issue in America because of laws that said that doing psychoanalysis was practicing medicine. Freud viewed the American stand against recognizing lay analysts as more evidence of American's being a rebellious son. Economic factors also played a significant factor in Freud's dislike of America. Freud was initially enthusiastic about President Wilson and his plans for peace. He found after World War I that all of his savings were wiped out and that Vienna suffered from a crippling inflation. As a result of this he had to take increasingly more American analysands as they paid him in valuable American dollars. He resented this financial dependency on Americans. He also had difficulty communicating with these American analysands and largely blamed them for their undisciplined way of speaking. What I have presented is a survey or overview of the reasons for Freud's dislike of America.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Philadelphia Academy of Psychoanalysis.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Warner
mesh_terms: D001317:Austria; D003042:Cocaine; D049673:History, 20th Century; D011572:Psychoanalysis / Q000266:history*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000266:history; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine