title: Tryptase from rat skin: purification and properties.
abstract: Tryptase was purified 13,000-fold to apparent homogeneity from rat skin. The two-step procedure involved ammonium sulfate fractionation of the initial extract followed by combined sequential affinity chromatography on agarose-glycyl-glycyl-p-aminobenzamidine and concanavalin A-agarose. The purified enzyme had a specific activity toward N-benzoylarginine ethyl ester (BzArgOEt) of 170 mumol/min mg-1 and was obtained in a yield of 28% as determined by the specific substrate, H-D-Ile-Pro-Arg-p-nitroanilide. Rat skin tryptase was thermal labile, losing 50% of its activity when preincubated for 30 min at 30 degrees C. The presence of NaCl (1 M) improved thermal stability and was necessary for long-term storage. Heparin did not stabilize the enzyme against thermal denaturation, and heparin-agarose failed to bind the enzyme. Rat skin tryptase was inhibited by diisopropylphosphofluoridate, antipain, leupeptin, and aprotinin but not by alpha 1-antitrypsin, ovomucoid, or soybean or lima bean trypsin inhibitors. Substrate specificity studies using a series of tri- and tetrapeptidyl-p-nitroanilide and peptidyl-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin substrates demonstrated the existence of an extended substrate binding site. Rat skin tryptase hydrolyzed [Arg8]vasopressin, neurotensin, and the oxidized B-chain of insulin at the -Arg8-Gly9-NH2, -Arg8-Arg9-, and -Arg22-Gly23-bonds, respectively. No general proteinase activity was observed toward casein, hemoglobin, or azocoll. Rat skin tryptase had a Mr of 145,000 by gel filtration. The subunit Mr was either 34,000 or 30,000 depending on the electrophoretic technique used. Treatment of the enzyme with peptide N-glycosidase F (N-glycanase) decreased the subunit Mr by 4000. The enzyme exhibited multiple isoelectric forms (pI's of 4.5-4.9). Rat skin tryptase was found to be related statistically to other tryptases on the basis of amino acid composition. The N-terminal amino acid sequence was Ile1-Val2-Gly3-Gly4-Gln5-Glu6-Ala7-+ ++Ser8-Gly9-Asn10-Lys11-Trp12-Pro13- Trp14- Gln15-Val16-Ser17-Leu18-Arg19-Val20- --21-Asp-22Thr23-Tyr24-Typ25-, with a putative glycosylation site at residue 21. This sequence was 72-80% homologous with the N-terminus of other tryptases but only 40% homologous with that of bovine trypsin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 60153.
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Braganza
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Simmons
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012867:Skin / Q000201:enzymology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010455:Peptides; D010450:Endopeptidases; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; C023073:tosylarginine methyl ester hydrolase