title: Necrotizing enterocolitis in a neonatal piglet model.
abstract: The aim of this study was to develop an animal model for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Twenty-five neonatal Hanford minipigs had carotid artery and external jugular vein catheters and rectal Clinical Tonomitors placed under anesthesia. Experimental animals were subjected to a hypoxic insult (50% reduction in baseline PaO2 for 30 minutes) and hypothermic stress (core temperature reduced to 35 degrees C for 30 minutes). Regular oral diet was resumed and the survivors were euthanized 3 to 4 days later. All animals underwent necropsy with gross and histopathological evaluation of the entire bowel. Of 22 experimental animals, 14 survived (64%) and 8 (36%) died of pulmonary hemorrhage. Of the 14 survivors, 8 (57%) had gross and microscopic evidence of NEC. Six of the total 25 animals (24%) sustained rectal perforations from the tonometer. Of 3 control animals, one died of pulmonary hemorrhage and the two survivors had normal intestine. This model successfully produced gross and histological evidence of NEC. The tonometer shows promise as a predictor of NEC provided technical modifications can reduce the complication rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.
authors.forename: I T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Moxley
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Hirsh
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Counihan
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature