title: Incarceration of the retroverted gravid uterus: a report of four cases.
abstract: Four cases of incarceration of the retroverted gravid uterus are described. Typical observations were: a rather low fundal height at vaginal examination, no detectable uterine cervix, and the fetal presenting part deeply impacted in the pelvic cavity. One spontaneous correction in the third trimester is described. In general a cesarean section under general anesthesia is indicated. Preoperative recognition of retroversion is important and may prevent intraoperative complications. Three cases showed micturition problems in the second trimester. All pregnant women with second trimester micturition problems should be examined for a possible retroverted uterus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smalbraak
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Bleker
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Schutte
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Treffers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy