Neutralization of microcystin shock in mice by tumor necrosis factor alpha antiserum.
Microcystis aeruginosa is a common cyanobacterium in water blooms that appear widely in nutrient-rich, fresh, and brackish waters, and its toxic blooms cause the death of domestic animals. The administration of a crude toxic cell extract of M. aeruginosa K-139 to mice can produce tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and prompt severe physiological disturbances, especially liver damage, which can lead to death. The in vitro production of TNF-alpha by peritoneal macrophages was observed after stimulation with the cell extract or the purified toxin from K-139 cells. The expression of a TNF-alpha mRNA was also detected in spleen cells and peritoneal macrophages after stimulation with the cell extract. However, a previous injection of rabbit anti-murine TNF-alpha serum could prevent the liver damage to some extent and protect the mice from death. These findings indicate the involvement of TNF in microcystin shock.
Nakano
Y
Y
Department of Microbiology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
Shirai
M
M
Mori
N
N
Nakano
M
M
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000633:toxicity*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology
D000906:Antibodies; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C057862:cyanoginosin LR