title: Rapid and sensitive determination of phenylurea herbicides in water in the presence of their anilines by extraction with a Carbopack cartridge followed by liquid chromatography.
abstract: A rapid and sensitive method for determining phenylurea herbicides in environmental aqueous samples in the presence of their anilines is described. The water sample is preconcentrated by passage at a flow-rate of ca. 150 ml/min through a 250-mg graphitized carbon black (Carbopack B) cartridge. After washing with 0.6 ml of methanol, the Carbopack B trap is connected with a cartridge containing a strong cation exchanger. Organics trapped by the Carbopack cartridge are eluted by passage of 6 ml of methylene chloride-methanol (95:5, v/v). Anilines and other basic compounds are quantitatively subtracted from the solvent system while flowing through the cation-exchange cartridge. After evaporation and redissolution, the sample is subjected to reversed-phase gradient elution high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection at 250 nm. Recoveries of phenylureas added to water at levels between 30 and 3000 ng/l were higher than 92%. The limit of detection was about 1 ng/l, for a 2-1 sample. With respect to an octadecyl (C18)-bonded silica cartridge, the Carbopack B cartridge had a far better extraction efficiency for polar phenylureas.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica, Università La Sapienza di Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Corcia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marchetti
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D006540:Herbicides; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C023650:aniline