title: Pharmacokinetic parameters in CNS Gd-DTPA enhanced MR imaging.
abstract: Dynamic MR imaging can be used to study tissue perfusion and vascular permeability. In the present article a procedure for dynamic MR is presented, which (a) accurately resolves the fast kinetics of tissue response during and after intravenous infusion of the paramagnetic contrast medium Gd-DTPA and (b) yields a linear relationship between the measured MR signal and the Gd-DTPA concentration in the tissue. According to these features, the measured signal-time curves can be analyzed within the framework of pharmacokinetic modeling. Tissue response has been parameterized using a linear two-compartment open model, with only negligible effects of the peripheral compartment on the central compartment. The three model parameters were fitted to the signal-time data pixel by pixel, based on a set of 64 rapid SE images (SE 100/10 ms, image scan time 13 s, interscan intervals 11 s). This makes it possible to construct parameter images, whereby structures become visible that cannot be distinguished in conventional Gd-DTPA enhanced MR. As a clinical example, the approach is discussed in a case of glioblastoma.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Radiologie und Pathophysiologie, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brix
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Semmler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Port
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Schad
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Layer
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lorenz
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA