title: Different effects of verapamil on cytosolic Ca2+ and contraction in norepinephrine-stimulated vascular smooth muscle.
abstract: Effects of verapamil on cytosolic Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]cyt) and contraction in fura-2-loaded rat aorta were examined. Norepinephrine (NE) induced a greater contraction than KCl for a given increase in [Ca2+]cyt. Cumulative addition of verapamil decreased the NE-stimulated [Ca2+]cyt more strongly than contraction whereas verapamil decreased high K(+)-stimulated [Ca2+]cyt and contraction in parallel. In the presence of verapamil at a concentration needed to completely inhibit the high K(+)-induced increments, NE induced a transient increase, followed by a small sustained increase in [Ca2+]cyt which averaged 25% of that in the absence of verapamil. These changes were followed by a sustained contraction which averaged 60% of that in the absence of verapamil. In Ca2(+)-free solution, NE induced only a transient increase in [Ca2+]cyt whereas it induced a transient contraction, followed by a small sustained contraction. The second application of NE induced a small sustained contraction (10% of that in the presence of Ca2+) without increasing [Ca2+]cyt. These changes were not affected by verapamil. These results suggest that verapamil inhibits NE-induced increase in [Ca2+]cyt, but not the Ca2(+)-sensitization or Ca2(+)-independent contraction, and this may be the reason why the NE-induced contraction is less sensitive to verapamil than that induced by high K+.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016257:Fura-2; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014700:Verapamil; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium; D016257:Fura-2; D009638:Norepinephrine