title: Generation of a chimeric human and simian immunodeficiency virus infectious to monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
abstract: We constructed five chimeric clones between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVMAC) and four SIVMAC mutants by recombinant DNA techniques. Three chimeric clones and all mutants with an alteration in either the vif, vpx, vpr, or nef gene were infectious to human CD4-positive cell lines. The susceptibility of macaque monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to infection by these mutants and chimeras was examined in vitro. Macaque PBMC supported the replication of wild-type and vpx, vpr, and nef mutant SIVMAC strains. A chimera carrying the long terminal repeats (LTRs), gag, pol, vif, and vpx of SIVMAC and tat, rev, vpu, and env of HIV-1 was also replication competent in PBMC. In contrast, HIV-1, the vif mutant of SIVMAC, a chimera containing rev and env of SIVMAC, and a chimera containing vpx, vpr, tat, rev, and env of SIVMAC did not grow in PBMC. Western immunoblotting analysis of the replicating chimera in PBMC confirmed the hybrid nature of the virus. These data strongly suggested that the sequence important for macaque cell tropism lies within the LTR, gag, pol, and/or vif sequences of the SIVMAC genome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viral Oncology, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayami
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishimoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adachi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002678:Chimera; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D015870:Gene Expression; D005814:Genes, Viral; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000382:microbiology*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins