title: Digital imaging and picture archiving and communication systems.
abstract: Great progress has been made in digital imaging of the chest. Most studies are dealing with computed radiography. Chest radiography in the intensive care unit may, in most cases, be performed using computed radiography. However, subtle pulmonary interstitial disease can be demonstrated less confidently using computed radiography. Significantly better detection of calcified lung nodules can be obtained by using simplified single-exposure dual-energy technique that uses storage phosphor. The wide latitude of computed radiography permits images of high quality in areas other than chest radiography. Encouraging results are presented especially in the diagnostic evaluation of scoliosis and other musculoskeletal abnormalities. An important technical innovation in digital radiography is an improved method for single-exposure dual-energy digital imaging using prefiltration with gadolinium, a cassette consisting of four photostimulable phosphor plates, spatially dependent scatter and beam hardening corrections, and noise reduction algorithm. Other groups tested algorithms for enhancement of digital images that allowed significant data compression. The implementation of picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) is inevitable; the question concerning PACS implementation is not why, but when. A comparison of the cost-effectiveness of PACS with conventional film archiving and communication systems shows that PACS should provide indirect savings when regarding the hidden costs of conventional systems. Much more experience will be needed before there is general agreement on the best design for the radiologist's workstation. Teleradiology should contribute to radiologic consultation for remote locations, because it improves the efficacy of management of patients in such locations.
authors.affiliation: University of Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lissner
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D011873:Radiology Information Systems / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging