title: Efficacy and safety of ethynodiol diacetate, 1 mg, with ethinyl estradiol, 35 micrograms, with an emphasis on contraceptive efficacy. A phase IV trial.
abstract: A phase IV trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of a monophasic oral contraceptive formulation, ethynodiol diacetate, 1 mg, plus ethinyl estradiol, 35 micrograms (EDA 1 mg with EE 35 micrograms) (Demulen 1/35). Nine hundred eighty-three community-based obstetrician-gynecologists treated a total of 7,759 patients with EDA 1 mg with EE 35 micrograms for one to eight months. Clinical evaluation forms on 6,382 patients were amenable to analysis for safety (including breakthrough bleeding, ovarian cyst formation and complexion changes); 5,412 patients were evaluable for efficacy (prevention of pregnancy), with a total of 21,440 cycles recorded. The study results were interpreted in terms of the impact on clinical management of oral contraceptive users and the methods, strengths and weaknesses of phase IV trials, particularly as they relate to confirmation of the results reported here.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wheeler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005040:Ethynodiol Diacetate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D005040:Ethynodiol Diacetate