title: Clinical examination of the respiratory system.
abstract: Aspects of a detailed examination of the respiratory system of the horse with suspected respiratory system disease are described. This review includes discussions of the terminology of signs associated with respiratory system disease; radiographic examination of the upper and lower airways and thorax; nuclear scintigraphy; percutaneous and endoscopic tracheal aspiration; bronchoalveolar lavage; electromyography; blood gas analysis; and pleuroscopy and pleural fluid examination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus.
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Hinchcliff
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Byrne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006736:Horses; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000662:veterinary*; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*