title: The antiproliferative effect of cyclosporine on hematopoietic and lymphoblastoid cell lines--common mechanistic elements with interferon-alpha.
abstract: Cyclosporine, but not its nonimmunosuppressive analog cyclosporine H (CsH), caused in a variety of hematopoietic cell types a growth arrest in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. This arrest was associated with a significant reduction in the c-myc mRNA levels, which could be observed already 1 hr following CsA treatment. Similarity between the antiproliferative effects of CsA and IFN-alpha was observed. Thus, the IFN-alpha sensitive human B-lymphoblastoid cell line Daudi was also sensitive to CsA while an IFN-alpha resistant variant of Daudi cells was found to be resistant to CsA as well. Inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide during IFN-alpha or CsA treatment blocked their ability to reduce the expression of c-myc. Depletion of protein kinase C (PKC) activity from cells by pretreatment of Daudi cells with phorbol.12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) abolished the G0/G1 arrest induced by both CsA and IFN-alpha. Combinations of low concentrations of CsA and IFN-alpha had synergistic effects on cell-cycle distribution and on c-myc mRNA level, suggesting that CsA and IFN-alpha differ in some features of their antiproliferative action. This conclusion was supported by the observation that a CsA-resistant variant of Daudi cells was found to retain its sensitivity to IFN-alpha. In addition, reduction of ornithine decarboxylase mRNA expression was obtained with IFN-alpha but not with CsA. Taken together, our results suggest that CsA and IFN-alpha share some common element(s) in the pathways of their antiproliferative activity. The possible mechanisms of their antigrowth effects and the clinical significance of our findings are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yonish-Rouach
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D003524:Cyclosporins; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D007370:Interferon Type I; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D003513:Cycloheximide