title: Cardiotonic drugs inhibit purified mammalian acetylcholinesterase.
abstract: Oxime- and non-oxime-related drugs, as well as cardiotonic drugs (CDs), have been used to treat the effects of organophosphorus (OP) poisoning. We conducted our experiments to determine what effects CDs may have on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and how CDs interact with other treatment drugs as well as with OP-inhibited AChE. True AChE (EC 3.1.1.7) was purified from fetal bovine serum, and enzyme activity was measured according to Ellman et al. The CDs coumingine, cassaine, proscillaridin and convallatoxin were incubated with AChE at 550 microM at pH 7.6 and 25 degrees C. The CD ouabain was incubated with AChE at 500 microM. The CDs inhibited AChE by 97%, 89%, 10%, 7% and 6%, respectively. The mean AChE activities for these experiments, except for ouabain, were significantly different (P = 0.05) from their controls, as determined by the two-tailed Student's t-test. In a separate experiment, the oxime TMB-4.2Br (100 microM), which did not inhibit AChE, increased the inhibitory effect of proscillaridin from 4% to 11% (a 3.7-fold increase). When AChE was inhibited 39% with 37 nM VX, the addition of proscillaridin increased the inhibition to 51% (a 1.3-fold increase). When TMB-4 was added to the proscillaridin- and VX-inhibited AChE mixture, the inhibition decreased from 50% to 32% (a 0.37-fold decrease), whereas TMB-4 alone added to VX-inhibited AChE decreased the inhibition from 39% to 24% (a 0.38-fold decrease). The results show that TMB-4 increases the inhibition of AChE by proscillaridin. However, TMB-4 decreases the inhibition of AChE by VX and proscillaridin combined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC 20460.
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hanke
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Baskin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002417:Cattle; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000201:enzymology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D062025:Organophosphate Poisoning
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors