title: Cometabolism of 3,4-dichlorobenzoate by Acinetobacter sp. strain 4-CB1.
abstract: When Acinetobacter sp. strain 4-CB1 was grown on 4-chlorobenzoate (4-CB), it cometabolized 3,4-dichlorobenzoate (3,4-DCB) to 3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate (3-C-4-OHB), which could be used as a growth substrate. No cometabolism of 3,4-DCB was observed when Acinetobacter sp. strain 4-CB1 was grown on benzoate. 4-Carboxyl-1,2-benzoquinone was formed as an intermediate from 3,4-DCB and 3-C-4-OHB in aerobic and anaerobic resting-cell incubations and was the major transient intermediate found when cells were grown on 3-C-4-OHB. The first dechlorination step of 3,4-DCB was catalyzed by the 4-CB dehalogenase, while a soluble dehalogenase was responsible for dechlorination of 3-C-4-OHB. Both enzymes were inducible by the respective chlorinated substrates, as indicated by oxygen uptake experiments. The dehalogenase activity on 3-C-4-OHB, observed in crude cell extracts, was 109 and 44 nmol of 3-C-4-OHB min-1 mg of protein-1 under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, respectively. 3-Chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate served as a pseudosubstrate for the 4-hydroxybenzoate monooxygenase by effecting oxygen and NADH consumption without being hydroxylated. Contrary to 4-CB metabolism, the results suggest that 3-C-4-OHB was not metabolized via the protocatechuate pathway. Despite the ability of resting cells grown on 4-CB or 3-C-4-OHB to carry out all of the necessary steps for dehalogenation and catabolism of 3,4-DCB, it appeared that 3,4-DCB was unable to induce the necessary 4-CB dehalogenase for the initial p-dehalogenation step.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside 92521.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Adriaens
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Focht
mesh_terms: D000150:Acinetobacter / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D000332:Aerobiosis; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002723:Chlorobenzoates / Q000378:metabolism*; D007399:Interphase
chemical_list: D002723:Chlorobenzoates; C068797:3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid; C040768:4-chlorobenzoic acid