title: The use of the in vitro toxin binding inhibition (ToBI) test for the estimation of the potency of tetanus toxoid.
abstract: The in vitro toxin binding inhibition (ToBI) test was used to determine antitoxin responses in mice immunized with tetanus toxoid. The ToBI test showed good correlation with the in vivo toxin neutralization (TN) test in titration of sera of mice immunized with various doses of DPT-Polio, DT-Polio and a tetanus reference preparation. Estimates of potency of tetanus toxoid obtained in mice by ToBI test correlated significantly with those obtained in mice by the lethal challenge test. In addition, potency values of the European reference preparation, succeedingly estimated by ToBI test and lethal challenge test in a single group of guinea-pigs, showed good correlation. From the study it is concluded that the ToBI test is a promising alternative to the toxic challenge procedure in the potency assay of tetanus toxoid vaccines. A substantial refinement and reduction in the use of animals can be achieved. Additional savings can be made by combining diphtheria and tetanus potency testing.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Control of Bacterial Vaccines, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hendriksen
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: van der Gun
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Marsman
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kreeftenberg
mesh_terms: D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013743:Tetanus Antitoxin / Q000032:analysis; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D013743:Tetanus Antitoxin; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid