title: Elevated cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity in IDDM men who smoke. Possible factor for unfavorable lipoprotein profile.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of cigarette smoking on the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and high-density (HDL), low-density (LDL), and very-low-density (VLDL) lipoproteins in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) men with microvascular complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a case-control study in a referral-based diabetes clinic on a sequential sample of 9 cigarette-smoking and 12 nonsmoking IDDM men with microvascular complications and 12 nonsmoking control men. CETP activity was determined in each serum with an isotope assay with exogenous cholesteryl ester-labeled LDL and HDL. The method is independent of the endogenous lipoprotein present in serum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HDL-cholesterol (VLDL and LDL) ratio was lower in the smoking diabetic men than in the other groups (P less than 0.05 vs. the nonsmoking diabetic men and P less than 0.01 vs. the control subjects). CETP activity was 70% higher in the smoking diabetic men than in the control subjects (P less than 0.01) and 30% higher than in the nonsmoking diabetic men (P less than 0.05). The HDL-cholesterol (VLDL and LDL) ratio and the apolipoprotein A-I-B ratio were inversely correlated to CETP activity in the diabetic patients (r = -0.52, P less than 0.02 and r = -0.45, P less than 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CETP activity is increased in cigarette-smoking IDDM men with microvascular complications. High CETP activity may contribute to the unfavorable lipoprotein profile in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Groningen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dullaart
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Groener
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Dikkeschei
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Erkelens
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Doorenbos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001053:Apolipoproteins; C506642:CETP protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008074:Lipoproteins