Effect of coconut oil on plasma apo A-I levels in WHHL and NZW rabbits.
Age-matched Watanabe (WHHL) and New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were fed a coconut oil-enriched diet (14%, w/w) for 2 weeks. Lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I levels in plasma and lipoprotein fractions were monitored. Within 3 days after the start of the coconut oil diet, plasma apo A-I and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-apo A-I levels increased 3-fold in the WHHL rabbits. A smaller but significant increase (63%) in apo A-I and HDL-apo A-I levels was also observed in the NZW rabbits. HDL cholesterol levels also increased from 16 +/- 3 mg/dl during a regular diet to 46 +/- 16 mg/dl (288%) during the coconut oil diet in the WHHL rabbits and from 37 +/- 7 mg/dl to 69 +/- 19 mg/dl (186%), respectively, in the NZW rabbits. Apo A-I and HDL cholesterol levels fell sharply to the original levels soon after switching back to a regular diet (within 3 days for WHHL rabbits and within 5 days for NZW rabbits). The fractional catabolic rate calculated from 125I-HDL kinetic studies indicated that the turnover rate for HDL was significantly slower in WHHL rabbits fed the coconut oil diet than the control diet (0.018 +/- 0.004 h-1 vs. 0.027 +/- 0.007 h-1, P less than 0.01). No changes were found in the NZW rabbits fed either diet. Trilaurin, the main component of the coconut oil (46.9%) supplemented diet (6.5%, w/w), was also used in this study. The effect of trilaurin on plasma apo A-I and HDL-cholesterol levels is discussed.
Carlson
T L
TL
Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905.
Kottke
B A
BA
D000818:Animals; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D000074263:Coconut Oil; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005223:Fats / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D010938:Plant Oils; D011817:Rabbits; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005223:Fats; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; C004565:trilaurin; D000074263:Coconut Oil