title: Extrachromosomal human immunodeficiency virus type-1 DNA can initiate a spreading infection of HL-60 cells.
abstract: In this report, we describe a human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-infected promyelocytic cell line, OM, derived from HL-60 cells. Although the OM cell line was biologically cloned twice, the pattern of HIV-1 expression during culture appeared analogous to a classical acute spreading infection and was inhibited by both azidothymidine and recombinant soluble CD4 treatment. The number of OM cells actually expressing HIV-1 at the beginning of culture was 0%, reached a peak of nearly 100% at 6 weeks, and then fell to less than 10% HIV-1+ cells by 10 weeks. Clonal analysis of the surviving cells verified that stable HIV-1+ OM cells resulted from the spreading infection. Southern analysis confirmed the transmission of HIV-1 through these OM cultures and the occurrence of stable clones which resulted. The initial percentage of OM cells actually harboring the HIV-1 genome was less than 0.1%, indicating nonfaithful transmission of an unintegrated HIV-1 genome during clonal expansion. These results demonstrate that extrachromosomal HIV-1 DNA can contribute to the spread of HIV-1 infection and give rise to cells which have stably integrated HIV-1 provirus.
authors.affiliation: Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Butera
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Besansky
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: B Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Nabel
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Folks
mesh_terms: D015139:Blotting, Southern; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology; D002999:Clone Cells; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000502:physiology*; D005111:Extrachromosomal Inheritance; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015215:Zidovudine