Steiner's norms for North Indian pre-school children.
A roentgenographic cephalometric investigation to establish Steiner's norms in pre-school children was carried out on 60, 4-5-year-old North Indian children with complete normal established primary dentition and pleasing profiles. The North Indian children were found to possess a convex profile, steeper occlusal plane, steeper mandibular plane and more upright incisors over basal bone at 4-5 years of age as compared to that of Caucasian children. None of the measurements showed sexual dimorphism of any statistical significance. The Steiner's norms from a sample of Caucasian population are not as such applicable to North Indian pre-school children.
Anuradha
Government Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab.
Taneja
J R
JR
Chopra
S L
SL
Gupta
A
A
D002508:Cephalometry; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D012016:Reference Values