title: Class-IIS restriction enzymes--a review.
abstract: Class-IIS restriction enzymes (ENases-IIS) interact with two discrete sites on double-stranded DNA: the recognition site, which is 4-7 bp long, and the cleavage site, usually 1-20 bp away from the recognition site. The recognition sequences of ENases-IIS are totally (or partially) asymmetric and all of the characterized ENases-IIS are monomeric. A total of 35 ENases-IIS are described (80, if all isoschizomers are taken into consideration) together with ten related ENases (class IIT), and 15 cognate methyltransferases (MTases-IIS). The physical, chemical, and molecular properties of the ENases-IIS and MTases-IIS are reviewed and many unique applications of this class of enzymes are described, including: precise trimming of DNA; retrieval of cloned fragments; gene assembly; use as a universal restriction enzyme; cleavage of single-stranded DNA; detection of point mutations; tandem amplification; printing-amplification reaction; and localization of methylated bases.
authors.affiliation: McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Szybalski
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Podhajska
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific