title: Zipeprol is a newly abused antitussive with an opioid spectrum and hallucinogenic effects.
abstract: Zipeprol is a non-opioid cough suppressor agent recently abused in Italy. Clinical reports from 30 street abusers show that the drug in high doses has a definite abuse liability and dependence potential. Many of its effects were identical to those induced by opiates, although specific dysperceptive symptoms were commonly reported by patients. Spontaneous withdrawal symptoms were similar to those of opiates. Withdrawal could be also precipitated by naloxone. It is concluded that zipeprol can induce dependence with a mechanism which may be mediated by some types of opioid receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Janiri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mannelli
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Persico
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diodato
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tempesta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000996:Antitussive Agents; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D010879:Piperazines / Q000009:adverse effects; D012384:Rome; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation
chemical_list: D000996:Antitussive Agents; D010879:Piperazines; C013341:zipeprol