title: Lack of effect of short-term passive smoking on the metabolic disposition of theophylline.
abstract: To test the hypothesis that involuntary smoking can result in increased drug metabolism, five nonsmoking healthy male volunteers (21-36 y old) were enrolled in a study of single-dose theophylline pharmacokinetics before and after intense environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. Exposure was provided by spending 3 h/day for five consecutive days in a small room with a smoking apparatus that burned four cigarettes simultaneously, at a rate of 20 cigarettes/h. Measurement of urine continine concentration demonstrated that significant absorption from ETS occurred in all subjects. However, pre- and post-exposure pharmacokinetic parameters for theophylline did not differ significantly: Vz = 0.438 vs 0.440 l.kg-1; t1/2 = 9.19 vs 9.69 h; CL = 34.4 vs 32.6 (ml.kg-1.h-1), respectively. Similarly, 24-hr urinary excretion of theophylline and its metabolites was unchanged by ETS exposure. We conclude that intense short-term passive smoking does not affect theophylline disposition. The possibility of chronic ETS exposure causing alterations in drug metabolism cannot be excluded.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Casto
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Schnapf
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Clotz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003367:Cotinine / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013806:Theophylline / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D013997:Time Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D013806:Theophylline; D003367:Cotinine