title: Pinch test for diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence.
abstract: This office test reinforces the Integral Theory of Female Urinary continence which states that there are two distinct anatomical segments of vagina which transmit the muscular contractions of the pelvic floor muscles, and in so doing, constitute the 1st and 2nd closure mechanisms. The test is based on tightening the loose vagina, hereby correcting the anatomical defects causing the stress incontinence. The Pinch Test, and with it, the Bonney Test, are analysed with reference to the 1st and 2nd closure mechanisms presented in the Theory of Female Urinary Incontinence described earlier in this issue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Petros
authors.forename: U I
authors.initials: UI
authors.lastname: Ulmsten
mesh_terms: D003371:Cough; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009132:Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D010388:Pelvis; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014572:Urology / Q000379:methods; D014621:Vagina / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000503:physiopathology