title: Familial density of alcoholism: effects on psychophysiological responses to ethanol.
abstract: Recent research findings suggest that the patterning of familial alcoholism may critically determine ethanol sensitivity and severity of alcohol-related problems in the offspring. The present study examined the effects of familial alcoholism density on psychophysiological responses to ethanol administration in college males. Subjects with a positive family history of alcoholism were classified into affected biological father only (LD-FHP) versus both father and at least one second-degree affected relative (HD-FHP), and were compared to family history negative (FHN) subjects. Subjects received 1 g/kg ethanol or placebo in a double-blind procedure. A battery of subjective, physiological and psychomotor measures were collected once prior to and four times following drink administration. HD-FHP subjects showed significantly greater subjective effects, body sway and skin conductance after alcohol ingestion than either FHN or LD-FHP subjects; in contrast, there was no difference on any measure for LD-FHP versus FHN subjects. Our findings of increased ethanol sensitivity as a function of familial density of alcoholism strongly suggest the importance of carefully defining family history characteristics in all studies examining potential markers or risk factors for alcoholism.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McCaul
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Turkkan
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Svikis
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Bigelow
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005190:Family; D005220:Fathers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011603:Psychophysiology; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol