title: Central nervous system complications in children treated with ciclosporin after renal transplantation.
abstract: Severe complications involving the central nervous system occurred in 7 of 36 children (19%) after renal transplantation. The children, aged 1.6-13.1 years at transplantation were treated with ciclosporin and prednisolone. Six of them had azathioprine as well. The neurological symptoms consisted of seizures, drowsiness, confusion, hallucinations, visual disturbances, and mental changes. In all cases electroencephalograms were severely pathological, showing diffuse abnormalities with or without focal abnormalities and epileptic activity. In all but one case the ciclosporin trough blood levels were within the therapeutic range. Blood glucose and electrolytes were normal. Several factors might contribute to the central nervous system complications: ciclosporin, corticosteroids, hypertension, rejection, and as yet unknown ones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Bohlin
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Englund
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malm
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tibell
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tydén
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003524:Cyclosporins