title: A review of typhoid fever in South African black children.
abstract: Typhoid fever continues to escape swift diagnosis, even in an endemic country, and its multi-system nature led to delayed diagnosis in 25% of the patients in this study. This may have been an avoidable factor, leading to death in some patients through delay in instituting appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Neurological features and diarrhoea were particularly common in this paediatric population. Relative bradycardia has been shown to be a highly statistically significant finding for our group as a whole. Amoxycillin remains an effective and useful alternative to chloramphenicol. The mortality rate of 2.5% remains unchanged over the last 10 years. The relative inaccessibility to good primary health care, acceptable water supplies and sanitation that the black South African child encounters cannot be ruled out as a co-factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moosa
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hillier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044383:Black People; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents