title: Chest X-ray film patterns in children with isolated total anomalous pulmonary vein connection.
abstract: Chest-X-ray films of 61 children with isolated total anomalous pulmonary vein connection (TAPVC) were re-evaluated retrospectively. A small heart silhouette with normal pulmonary perfusion and signs of pulmonary oedema is typical of TAPVC with obstruction. There is no typical pattern in TAPVC without obstruction. The "snowman" or "figure of eight" does not develop within the first months of life.
authors.affiliation: Kinderklinik, München, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Genz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Locher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Genz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bühlmeyer
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000502:physiology; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography