Perioperative management and outcome after surgical treatment of anterior cerebral artery aneurysms.
The authors present clinical experience with 28 cases of ruptured anterior cerebral artery (ACA) aneurysms managed personally during a 36 month period, and 10 unruptured ACA aneurysms. The cases included five giant aneurysms and four distal ACA aneurysms. Management strategy was uniform and included early operative intervention (except in the setting of deteriorating neurologic deficit, not attributable to hydrocephalus or hematoma), and vasospasm prophylaxis including calcium channel blockers and hypervolemic hemodilution and arterial hypertension. Modern diagnostic adjuncts including transcranial doppler were used as they became available. Good outcome (outcome grade 1 or 2) was observed at 6 months in 71% (20/28) of ruptured cases and in 90% (9/10) of unruptured cases; fair outcome (outcome grade 3) was observed in 14% (4/28) of ruptured cases and in 10% of unruptured cases; bad outcome (outcome grade 4 or 5) was observed in 14% (4/28) of ruptured cases. There were no instances of rebleeding after admission to the hospital. There was a single mortality in a patient moribund on admission. Delayed ischemic deterioration (DID) was documented in 46% (13 of 28) of the ruptured cases, and was a major source of morbidity in 7 of the 9 instances of fair or poor outcome in the series. Management outcome, including the occurrence of subtle neuropsychological difficulties commonly described in cases with ACA aneurysms, is discussed with relation to the incidence of DID, the clinical course of DID, and the possible impact of various therapeutic strategies.
Awad
I A
IA
Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195.
Little
J R
JR
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011379:Prognosis; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors