title: Reduced blood flow to peripheral and core body tissues in sheep and cattle induced by endophyte-infected tall fescue.
abstract: Four wethers and 14 steers (environmentally heat stressed, 32 degrees C, 60% relative humidity) were evaluated for changes in blood flow induced by endophyte-infected tall fescue. Concentration of the ergopeptide ergovaline was used as an indicator of diet toxicity due to the endophytic fungus Acremonium coenophialum. Blood flow to specific tissues was measured using radiolabeled microspheres. Wethers received one of two dietary treatments for 30 d before determination of tissue blood flow: 1) a low-endophyte diet (less than .05 ppm ergovaline) or 2) a high-endophyte (1.18 ppm ergovaline) diet. Blood flows to the adrenal glands and skin covering the inner hind leg were less (P less than .10) in wethers consuming the high-endophyte diet than in those consuming the low-endophyte diet. Tissue blood flows in steers were determined on two occasions: 1) after steers had received a low- (less than .01 ppm ergovaline) or high-endophyte (.52 ppm ergovaline) fescue diet for 14 d and 2) 8 d after steers had been switched to a common, fescue-free diet. Blood flows to skin covering the ribs, cerebellum of the brain, duodenum, and colon were less (P less than .10) in steers consuming the high-endophyte diet. However, 8 d after consuming fescue-free diets, steers that had previously consumed the high-endophyte diet had greater (P = .08) blood flow to the coronary bands of the front hooves than steers that had consumed the low-endophyte diet. Blood flows to all other tissues were similar between treatments. We inferred from these experiments that the toxin(s) associated with endophyte-infected tall fescue caused decreased blood flow to peripheral and core body tissues and that this effect was abated within 8 d of removing the toxin(s).
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anim. Sci., University of Missouri, Columbia 65211.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Paterson
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kerley
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Garner
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Laughlin
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000098:blood supply; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism; D006724:Hoof and Claw / Q000098:blood supply; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D010939:Plant Poisoning / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006109:Poaceae; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply; D013270:Stomach / Q000098:blood supply; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary; D014781:Viscera / Q000098:blood supply