title: Interleukin 1, a prototypic pleiotropic lymphokine.
abstract: Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is an endogenous mediator produced by monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cells and other cell types. It was originally identified as the main endogenous pyrogen. It was later found that IL-1 was identical to other factors that had been defined leukocytic endogenous mediator, lymphocyte activating factor. It is now clear that IL-1 has two main aspects. On one side it is an immunostimulatory molecule and on the other side is a mediator of shock and inflammation. As an immunostimulating molecule, IL-1 is a potential immuno-modulating drug, while with respect to its proinflammatory action it might be important to identify antagonists or inhibitors that could be useful in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghezzi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mantovani
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005334:Fever / Q000503:physiopathology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012769:Shock / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins