title: A simple histochemical technique for the identification of gunshot residue.
abstract: Alizarin red S (ARS) is a commonly used organic dye useful in the histologic identification of calcium deposits. ARS also forms colored reaction products with other metal ions, including barium and lead, which are present in primer residue. In histochemical studies, ARS is shown to identify primer residues from several manufacturers as well as primer residue deposited in tissue, either experimentally or in close-range gunshot wounds. This can be easily accomplished with routine histologic techniques. ARS does not stain gunpowder residue, tattoo pigment, melanin, graphite, india ink, or anthracotic pigment.
authors.affiliation: University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Tschirhart
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Klatt
mesh_terms: D000880:Anthraquinones; D001464:Barium / Q000032:analysis; D017609:Barium Compounds; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000032:analysis; D002712:Chlorides; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005389:Firearms; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D017609:Barium Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D004396:Coloring Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C024986:barium chloride; D001464:Barium; C004468:Alizarin Red S; D002122:Calcium Chloride; C008261:lead acetate