title: Pathophysiology of ultrafiltration in peritoneal dialysis.
abstract: Pathophysiology of peritoneal ultrafiltration is analyzed in the present study. Peritoneal equilibration test is the easiest procedure to study in detail the possible causes of failure to control the ultrafiltration rate in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Membrane failure, reduction in peritoneal blood flow, excessive lymphatic reabsorption catheter malposition, and fluid sequestration are the most common causes of ultrafiltration loss. Pharmacologic manipulation of peritoneal membrane, correction of mechanical inconvenients, reduction in peritonitis rate and in the level of immunostimulation of the mesothelial macrophages, together with a careful policy in terms of glucose concentration in the dialysate and dwell times may contribute not only to treat different forms of ultrafiltration loss but also to prevent their incidence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, St. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ronco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feriani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiaramonte
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brendolan
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bragantini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Conz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dell'Aquila
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: La Greca
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D015314:Dialysis Solutions / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014462:Ultrafiltration; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D015314:Dialysis Solutions