title: Effects of static tilt about the roll axis on horizontal and vertical optokinetic nystagmus and optokinetic after-nystagmus in humans.
abstract: Horizontal and vertical OKN and OKAN were recorded in four conditions using the EOG technique. Instructions to subjects were aimed at obtaining a "look" type OKN. Two optokinetic stimulators, a stationary sphere and a binocular portable model, were compared with the subject in the upright condition. Three posture orientations, upright, 90 degree roll (horizontal), and upside-down, were then compared using the portable stimulator to determine the effect of roll-axis tilt on OKN at three velocities and on OKAN. Vertical OKN asymmetry was found to increase in the 90 degree roll position and to tend toward a reversal in the upside-down position. The time constant of vertical OKAN with slow phase up increased in both the 90 degree roll and upside-down positions. And finally, cross-coupled vertical eye movements during and after horizontal OKN were clearly observed. These results confirm the data obtained in monkeys, and are in accordance with the hypothesis of a three-dimensional organization of the velocity storage mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie Neurosensorielle du CNRS, Paris, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Lathan
mesh_terms: D004585:Electrooculography; D005133:Eye Movements; D006801:Humans; D009760:Nystagmus, Physiologic; D011187:Posture; D014794:Visual Fields