Alcohol and crimes of violence: present issues.
Current issues in alcohol-related violence are highlighted through the examination of correlational studies between alcohol and violent crime. Alcohol is associated with violent crime at a greater than chance level and at a significantly higher level than it is associated with nonviolent crime. Heavy drinking and a verbal argument usually precede the violent act and the victim is as likely as the offender to initiate the altercation. However, it is the precipitator of the altercation who is more likely to be intoxicated. Alcohol and aggression are more strongly related than expected with violent offenders demonstrating psychopathology. Marital violence appears related to alcohol independent of other marital problems. Although there exists a strong correlational relationship between alcohol and violent crime, the nature of the evidence prohibits the establishment of a causal link. In particular, methodological problems, such as a lack of appropriate comparison groups, make it difficult to draw conclusions in this area.
Murdoch
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Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Pihl
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Ross
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D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003415:Crime / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006708:Homicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014754:Violence