Determinants of estimated insulin resistance and beta-cell function in Indian, Creole and Chinese Mauritians. The Mauritius NCD Study Group.
Associations with insulin resistance and islet beta-cell function have been studied cross-sectionally in a population-based sample of 4278 Mauritians comprising Asian Indian, Creole and Chinese subjects. Insulin resistance and beta-cell function were estimated by a computer solved model based on fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Insulin resistance increased with declining glucose tolerance, whereas beta-cell function was highest in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and lowest in those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Indian subjects had the highest beta-cell function, while ethnic differences in insulin sensitivity were less marked. This may indicate that deranged beta-cell function rather than insulin resistance is the primary determinant of hyperinsulinaemia and glucose intolerance in Asian Indians. beta-Cell function declined with age more sharply than did insulin sensitivity, suggesting that the age-related decline in glucose tolerance is primarily related to loss of beta-cell function. Body mass index, waist/hip ratio, physical inactivity and female sex were independently associated with insulin resistance and beta-cell function. Subjects with a family history of diabetes had increased insulin resistance, irrespective of glucose tolerance. This or similar models may have application in longitudinal population-based studies which seek to determine the relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell function to the aetio-pathogenesis of NIDDM.
Dowse
G K
GK
International Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Qin
H
H
Collins
V R
VR
Zimmet
P Z
PZ
Alberti
K G
KG
Gareeboo
H
H
D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008436:Mauritius; D008875:Middle Aged