title: The covariation of chemical contamination, particulate matter and turbidity in soft polyvinyl chloride infusion fluid bags.
abstract: About 200 samples of normal saline, isotonic glucose and Ringer acetate infusions in soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bags obtained from three manufacturers have been analyzed by conductometric particle counting, turbidimetry and gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The particle counts were fitted to an exponentially modified log-normal model and integrated for total particle-volume. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and epoxidized vegetable oils (EVO), which are the main water insoluble contaminants in PVC fluid bags, were determined by GLC. There was a strong linear correlation between turbidity and GLC results. The correlation between particle-volume concentration and the DEHP and EVO concentrations was fairly good. The results seem to verify that an emulsion of plastic additives is formed when soft PVC infusion fluid bags are shaken.
authors.affiliation: Military Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Joint Medical Service, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Roksvaag
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smistad
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Waaler
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004340:Drug Contamination; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride