title: GM1 ganglioside reduces cognitive dysfunction after focal cortical ischemia.
abstract: The functional consequences of cortical focal ischemia and the effect of monosialoganglioside (GM1) treatment on learning/performance of a spatial reversal task were investigated. Cortical focal ischemia was induced by a permanent occlusion of the left common carotid artery and the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery, with a 1-h clamping of the contralateral carotid artery. Twenty-six rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham controls, a saline-treated ischemic group, and a GM1 ganglioside-treated ischemic group (10 mg/kg/day: IM). Fifteen days after surgery rats were trained on a spatial reversal task in a two-lever operant chamber where food reward was contingent on lever pressing. Training continued from day 15 to day 21 after surgery. Cortical focal ischemia resulted in learning/performance deficits that were reduced by GM1 ganglioside treatment. The cognitive deficits were characterized by a significantly higher number of nonperseverative errors and number of responses to criterion. There was a significant difference between left and right lever performance in the saline-treated ischemic group, which was absent in shams and GM1-treated ischemic rats. On all measures GM1-treated rats were not different from sham controls.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroscience, NYS Psychiatric Institute, NY.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: MacDonall
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Wakade
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Karpiak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D005502:Food; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012193:Reversal Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D012201:Reward; D013028:Space Perception / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside