title: Controlled and automatic processing during mental rotation.
abstract: In two experiments, 9- and 10-year-olds and adults were tested on a mental rotation task in which they judged whether stimuli presented in different orientations were letters or mirror-images of letters. The mental rotation task was performed alone on 48 trials and concurrently with a memory task on 48 additional trials. The concurrent memory task in Experiment 1 was recalling digits; in Experiment 2, recalling positions in a matrix. The key result was that the slope of the function relating response time to stimulus orientation was the same when the mental rotation task was performed alone and when performed concurrently with the memory task. This result is interpreted as showing that mental rotation is an automatic process for both children and adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kail
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal; D001288:Attention; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D009949:Orientation; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual