title: Protection from nonfreezing cold injury by quinacrine, a phospholipase inhibitor.
abstract: A recent study from our laboratory indicated additional tissue injury during rewarming of a cooled rabbit leg. Oxygen-derived free radicals were believed to play a role in such "rewarming injury." Since free radicals may attack membrane phospholipids, we analyzed the phospholipid composition in the leg tissue during cooling and rewarming. Our results indicated significant breakdown of membrane phospholipids, particularly phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, with a corresponding accumulation of lysophosphatidylcholine and nonesterified fatty acids. Quinacrine, a phospholipase inhibitor, was able to preserve membrane phospholipids during rewarming of the cooled leg. Rewarming of cooled tissue was also accompanied by additional tissue injury, as evidenced by the increased release of lactic acid dehydrogenase and creatine kinase, as well as enhanced lipid peroxidation, as evidenced by increased malonaldehyde formation. Quinacrine reduced the release of these intracellular enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation, suggesting its efficacy as a therapeutic agent against hypothermic injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington 06032.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iyengar
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maity
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals; D006439:Hemodynamics; D007866:Leg; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D011796:Quinacrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005609:Free Radicals; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D010743:Phospholipids; D010740:Phospholipases; D011796:Quinacrine