title: [System for assessing the nutritional status of the surgical patient at admission. Nutritional assessment in surgery].
abstract: Many studies have shown that the prevalence of malnutrition in hospitals is high. Our aim in this study is to ensure the systematic use of a preoperative nutritional evaluation (PNE) that ensures simplicity and usefulness in hospital nursing assistance. A total of 96 patients were studied, of whom 31 were diagnosed as having neoplasia and 65 non-neoplasia. For the purpose of this evaluation, the Chang method was used, completed with the application of retarded immunity skin tests. Malnutrition was observed in 71% por patients with neoplasia, mainly corresponding to slight Marasmo grade. In non-neoplasic patients malnutrition was 46%, also corresponding to slight Marasmo grade. In patients with neoplasia, anergy was evident in 54.9% of cases, and accounted for 23.1% in non-neoplasic patients. The development of anergy in both types of patients was significantly greater (p less than 0.05) in patients over 65 years of age. The inclusion of a PNE should form part of the nursing protocols, being used systematically in the study and control of surgical patients.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital General del Insalud, Guadalajara.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López Caballero
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pérez Suárez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martínez García
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Román García
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Martínez Gallego
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruiz Coracho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011488:Protein Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D012882:Skin Tests; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative
vernacular_title: Sistema de valoración del estado nutricional del enfermo quirúrgico a su ingreso. Valoración nutricional en cirugía.