title: Establishing reliability of biomechanical data using univariate and multivariate approaches.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to use generalizability theory with both univariate and multivariate approaches to examine reliability of total body center of mass (CM) values calculated from cinematographical data. Twenty-eight college-aged male volunteers were filmed by a LOCAM camera at 100 fps while performing the basic locomotion skill of walking. Film analysis was conducted on each subject using six frames of film depicting a one-stride walking cycle consisting of right heel strike, right foot flat, left toe-off, left heel strike, left foot flat, and right toe-off. Nineteen segmental endpoints and a reference point were digitized by three experienced plotters. The digitizing sequence was replicated three times by each plotter. A FORTRAN program calculated nine CM values (three plotters by three repetitions) for each subject filmed in each of the six positions of the stride. The x- and y-coordinates of the CM values were the dependent variables analyzed by fully crossed 3-way univariate and multivariate ANOVAs (subjects by plotters by repetitions). All measurement facets were considered to be random. Results indicate that there was very little repetition error but considerable interplotter error for most frames. Phi-coefficients for x- and y-coordinates, separately, fluctuated across frames. The univariate values for the x-coordinates were similar but slightly less than the multivariate values. The Phi-coefficients for Y, however, were considerably lower than the multivariate values. The multivariate Phi-coefficients for generalizing over three plotters and three repetitions ranged from .82 to .90.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Looney
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014743:Videotape Recording; D016138:Walking