title: Coffee consumption and blood pressure: a randomized, crossover clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of moderate coffee consumption on blood pressure over a prolonged period of time. Previous work in this area has used primarily purified caffeine.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized, crossover clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hypertension specialty outpatient clinic at the University of Tennessee, Memphis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy, young, white men who were moderate coffee drinkers (less than 6 cups/day) were recruited. Twenty-four subjects were randomized and 21 (average age 35.5 years) completed the trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were randomized to one of two groups: Group A drank three or more cups of coffee/day for two months, then crossed over to abstaining from coffee for two months; group B abstained from coffee first, then crossed over to drinking coffee. Only filter-brewed coffee was used. Subjects were seen at monthly intervals for blood pressure measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average coffee consumption was 3.6 cups/day during the coffee-drinking phases. There was no difference between the coffee-drinking phase and the abstention phase in either systolic blood pressure (110.1 mmHg vs. 108.0 mmHg, respectively; 95% CI of difference -7.3, 2.5) or diastolic blood pressure (67.2 mmHg vs. 69.6 mmHg, respectively; 95% CI of difference -2.2, 6.4).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Moderate daily consumption of coffee does not elevate blood pressure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Rosmarin
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Applegate
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Somes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003069:Coffee; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee