title: Transforming growth factor alpha and a PC12-derived growth factor induce neurites in PC12 cells and enhance the survival of embryonic brain neurons.
abstract: We have identified and characterized a 5000-Da protein that induces neurite outgrowth from PC12 pheochromocytoma cells, enhances the survival of embryonic rat brain neurons in primary culture, and induces the multiplication of embryonic rat brain astrocytes in primary culture. The factor is produced by a flat cell PC12 variant that expresses the activated ras oncogene after transfection of the gene. The factor resembles transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in that it induces anchorage-independent colony formation of normal rat kidney cells in soft agar and competes with EGF for binding to the EGF receptor. Rat TGF alpha and human TGF alpha also induce neurite outgrowth from PC12 and enhance the survival of embryonic brain neurons. The PC12 variant-derived factor can be distinguished from TGF alpha and EGF immunologically and by migration rates on reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1737.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects*; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D011905:Genes, ras; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008934:Mitogens; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D051381:Rats; D014162:Transfection; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D008934:Mitogens; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D066246:ErbB Receptors