title: A model to detect interactions between roxithromycin and oral contraceptives.
abstract: Twenty-two healthy women participated in a study to determine whether roxithromycin (a new macrolide antibiotic agent) obtunds the activity of a triphasic oral contraceptive. The duration of the study was four menstrual cycles. Medication was given as follows: (1) cycle 1, no medication to demonstrate ovulation; (2) cycle 2, triphasic oral contraceptive daily to suppress ovulation; (3) cycle 3, triphasic oral contraceptive daily plus roxithromycin, 150 mg b.i.d.; and (4) cycle 4, triphasic oral contraceptive daily plus rifampin, 300 mg daily. Sonography of the ovaries was performed on day 13, and serum progesterone was measured on day 21 of each cycle. Elevated progesterone indicated ovulation. The presence of a maturing follicle supported this finding. All volunteers ovulated in the first cycle and no volunteers ovulated in the second and third cycles. However, 11 women ovulated when rifampin and the triphasic oral contraceptive were given concomitantly. The findings suggest there is no reason to believe that roxithromycin interferes with the efficacy of oral contraceptives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of the Orange Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wessels
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maree
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D008954:Models, Biological; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000494:pharmacology; D015575:Roxithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D015575:Roxithromycin; D009644:Norgestrel; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D016912:Levonorgestrel