title: Effects of thyroid hormone deficiency and replacement on rat hypothalamic growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone gene expression in vivo are mediated by GH.
abstract: The role of thyroid hormone and GH in the regulation of hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone (GRH) gene expression in the rat was examined after the induction of thyroid hormone deficiency by thyroidectomy. Thyroidectomy resulted in a time-dependent decrease in hypothalamic GRH content, which was significant by 2 weeks postoperatively, and a reduction in pituitary GH content to 1% of the control level by 4 weeks. In contrast, GRH secretion by incubated hypothalami under both basal and K(+)-stimulated conditions was increased after thyroidectomy. Hypothalamic GRH mRNA levels also exhibited a time-dependent increase, which was significant at 1 week and maximal by 2 weeks after thyroidectomy. Administration of antirat GH serum to thyroidectomized rats resulted in a further increase in GRH mRNA levels. T4 treatment of thyroidectomized rats for 5 days, which also partially restored pituitary GH content, lowered the elevated GRH mRNA levels. However, comparable effects on GRH mRNA levels were observed by rat GH treatment alone. These results suggest that the changes in hypothalamic GRH gene expression after thyroidectomy in the rat are due to the GH deficiency caused by thyroidectomy, rather than a direct effect of thyroid hormone on the hypothalamus, since the changes were reversible by GH alone despite persistent thyroid hormone deficiency. In addition, they further support the role of GH as a physiological negative feedback regulator of GRH gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Downs
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chomczynski
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Frohman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000172:deficiency / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D013006:Growth Hormone; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D013974:Thyroxine