title: Intron-mediated enhancement of heterologous gene expression in maize.
abstract: Chimeric genes containing the coding sequence for bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) have been introduced by electroporation into maize protoplasts (Black Mexican Sweet) and transient expression monitored by enzyme assays. Levels of CAT expression were enhanced 12-fold and 20-fold respectively by the inclusion of maize alcohol dehydrogenase-1 introns 2 and 6 in the chimeric construct. This enhancement was seen when the intron was placed within the 5' translated region but not when it was located upstream of the promoter or within the 3' untranslated region. Deletion of exon sequences adjacent to intron 2 abolished its ability to mediate enhancement of CAT gene expression. Northern analysis of protoplasts electroporated with intron constructs revealed elevated levels of CAT mRNA. However, this elevation was insufficient to account for the increased enzyme activity. One explanation of these results is that splicing affects both the quantity and quality of mRNA.
authors.affiliation: Sandoz Crop Protection, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mascarenhas
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Mettler
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lowe
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005813:Genes, Synthetic; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D007438:Introns; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D014170:Transformation, Genetic; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D004247:DNA; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase