title: Identification of a nucleotide exchange-promoting activity for p21ras.
abstract: The biological activity of proteins encoded by the ras family of oncogenes is dependent on whether they are bound to GTP or GDP: the type of nucleotide bound is dependent on the rate of GTP hydrolysis (promoted by the GTPase-activating protein, GAP) and the rate of nucleotide exchange with cytosolic pools. A protein that stimulates the rate of exchange of guanine nucleotide on p21ras has been identified and characterized in cytoplasmic extracts of human placenta. The exchange-promoting protein runs on a gel filtration column with an apparent relative molecular weight of about 60,000. It is sensitive to heat and to trypsin. The exchange-promoting protein acts reversibly and does not cause degradation of p21ras. It is inactive towards the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (Go alpha) but acts on a large number of different mutant ras proteins, including transforming and effector mutants that are insensitive to the action of GAP. This protein, which we have termed REP (ras exchange-promoting), has the characteristics expected of a physiological activator of p21ras in cellular growth-signal-transduction pathways.
authors.affiliation: Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Downward
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riehl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Weinberg
mesh_terms: D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D011905:Genes, ras; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006153:Guanosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009154:Mutation; D015689:Oncogene Protein p21(ras) / Q000378:metabolism*; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins
chemical_list: D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D011506:Proteins; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins; D006153:Guanosine Diphosphate; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D015689:Oncogene Protein p21(ras)