title: Clinical experience with three-in-one admixtures administered peripherally.
abstract: The purpose of this report was to describe the tolerance of hyperosmolar nutritionally complete solutions infused peripherally, as a bridge to enteral therapy in the surgical patient. Solutions providing approximately 40% of calories as carbohydrates were administered to 23 surgical patients with the fats, amino acids, and dextrose mixed in one container. Final osmolarity, when measured directly with additives, ranged from 1200-1350 mOsm/L. Approximately 85% of the patients had acceptable tolerance to this new technique. The patient tolerance of the high osmolar admixture in peripheral veins might be attributed to the buffering and dilution effect of the IV fats in combination with the higher pH of the amino acid solutions and the addition of heparin to the admixture. Strong support for this technique was voiced by experienced nutritional support physicians and hospital personnel for use in surgical patients who have immediate short-term needs.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Hoheim
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Joswiak
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Boysen
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bommarito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005526:Food, Formulated / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*