Soluble interleukin-2 receptor and soluble CD8 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid during human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurologic disease.
We have measured levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and soluble CD8 (sCD8) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 127 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and 51 HIV-seronegative individuals. Serum levels of sIL-2R and sCD8 were higher in HIV+ than in HIV- individuals. HIV+ individuals were grouped by neurological status: asymptomatic, abnormal on neuropsychological screening, HIV-related meningitis, inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, opportunistic central nervous system (CNS) infections and HIV-related dementia, myelopathy or sensory neuropathy. Serum levels of sIL-2R and sCD8 were higher in all HIV+ categories compared to HIV- individuals. Patients with HIV-related meningitis had higher levels of sIL-2R and sCD8 than asymptomatic HIV+ individuals, and inflammatory polyneuropathy patients had higher levels of sCD8. CSF levels of sCD8 were higher in all categories of HIV+ than in HIV- individuals. Patients with HIV-related meningitis, inflammatory neuropathy and opportunistic infections had higher levels than asymptomatic individuals. Examination of the time course showed that serum and CSF levels of sIL-2R and sCD8 increased to very high levels during acute HIV infections. Serum levels then declined over several months to relatively stable elevated levels. By 1-2 years after HIV infection sIL-2R was relatively low in CSF, while sCD8 remained elevated with a gradual decrease over the subsequent years of follow-up.
Griffin
D E
DE
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
McArthur
J C
JC
Cornblath
D R
DR
D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility; D013997:Time Factors
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2