title: Techniques of intraocular pressure determination.
abstract: A variety of indentation or applanation tonometers are available for the measurement of intraocular pressure in conscious or anesthetized animals. The Schiøtz tonometer is a simple indentation tonometer, but unless used properly can give misleading values. Applanation tonometers include the air tonometer, pneumatonograph, and the Goldmann type (either slit-lamp or hand-held models). These flatten a small, fixed area of cornea and measure the resultant pressure. In anesthetized animals anterior chamber cannulation may be performed, although breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier can ensue together with an alteration of intraocular pressure. Of importance is that all tonometers be calibrated for each species since scleral rigidity, ocular curvature, pressure/volume relationships, etc. all vary between species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*