title: Genistein-induced cell differentiation and protein-linked DNA strand breakage in human melanoma cells.
abstract: Genistein, an in vitro inhibitor of topoisomerase II and tyrosine kinases, elicited an inhibition of growth and increased melanin content in five human melanoma cell lines, after six days of treatment at a concentration of 45 microM. In two lines examined more thoroughly, HO and SK-MEL-131, treatment with genistein also increased other markers of differentiation, including tyrosinase activity, reactivity with CF21 monoclonal antibody, and dendrite-like structure formation. The genistein-evoked increases in melanin content and tyrosinase activity were concentration- and time-dependent. Treatment of HO and SK-MEL-131 cells with 45 microM genistein for 24 hr or 60-600 microM genistein for only 1 hr resulted in an increase in protein-linked DNA strand breaks. Our results suggest an association between the genistein-evoked, protein-linked, DNA strand breaks and the genistein-induced differentiation of human melanoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Biological and Medical Research Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL 60439-4833.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiguchi
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Constantinou
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huberman
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004249:DNA Damage; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D003712:Dendrites / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019833:Genistein; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008543:Melanins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D005419:Flavonoids; D007529:Isoflavones; D008543:Melanins; D019833:Genistein; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase