title: Safety of glutamine-enriched parenteral nutrient solutions in humans.
abstract: To determine the safety of glutamine-enriched parenteral nutrition, seven normal volunteers were admitted to the Clinical Research Center for three 5-d study periods. The subjects received infusions of parenteral nutrients containing increasing doses of glutamine (0, 0.285, and 0.570 g.kg body wt-1.d-1) substituted for alanine and glycine. Each study period was preceded by greater than or equal to 2 wk of normal food intake. The diets were isocaloric (1.2X estimated basal metabolic rate) and isonitrogenous (1.5 g protein.kg-1.d-1) with nonprotein calories given as dextrose (38%) and fat emulsion (62%). The diets were all well tolerated and there were no untoward effects. Plasma glutamine concentrations increased significantly with glutamine administration but plateaued at concentrations approximately 25% above control values. Ammonia and glutamate, potentially toxic metabolites of glutamine, did not change significantly with glutamine enrichment. Nitrogen balance and hormonal concentrations were unchanged during the three dietary periods. Results of mental-status examinations and continuous performance testing were normal and unchanged throughout the three periods. Glutamine-enriched parenteral nutrient solutions are well tolerated with no associated signs of toxicity in normal humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Benfell
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murawski
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Wilmore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005973:Glutamine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011581:Psychological Tests
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D005973:Glutamine; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen