title: In-vitro activity of ampicillin/sulbactam and other antibiotics against clinical isolates of Haemophilus sp. and Branhamella catarrhalis.
abstract: The ampicillin/sulbactam combination is one of several such drug combinations of a beta-lactam and suicide inhibitor having a wide spectrum of activity. These characteristics induced us to evaluate the in vitro activity of this combination towards 54 strains of Haemophilus sp. (38 beta-lactamase producers) and 20 strains of Branhamella catarrhalis (16 beta-lactamase producers). All strains were isolated from sputum, sinusal aspiration and tympanocentesis. In the case of Haemophilus sp beta-lactamase producers, minimal inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin were reduced 8 times by the use of the inhibitor; good results were also obtained for B. catarrhalis. Haemophilus influenzae, B. catarrhalis together with Streptococcus pneumoniae are recognized as the major pathogens involved in upper respiratory tract infections. The increasing frequency of beta-lactamase producing strains has impaired the use of aminopenicillins. The combination of an inhibitor and beta-lactam restore the activity of the latter, suggesting that this combination can serve as first choice in therapy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, University of Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stefani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Pellegrino
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mezzatesta
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cocuzza
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D006190:Haemophilus / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D001936:Moraxella catarrhalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000667:Ampicillin; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D013407:Sulbactam