title: [Neuropsychiatric disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus: a multidisciplinary review].
abstract: Neuropsychiatric alterations appear in 14-75% of lupic patients. Verified in 59% of the patients, psychiatric changes are the most frequent. Psychic symptoms are primarily related to the disease and secondary to uremia, hypertension, infection, and corticosteroids. Manifestations were also seen as a reaction to this chronic disease, which are potentially severe and causing many limitations to the patients. The authors review the literature considering the multidisciplinary aspects of this disease related to its pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Interconsultas do Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital, Clinicas de FMUSP, São Paulo.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Miguel Filho
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lafer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Busatto Filho
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: de Arruda
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones
vernacular_title: Alterações neuropsiquiátricas no lúpus eritematoso disseminado (LED): uma revisão multidisciplinar.