title: Calcium and phosphorus solubility in neonatal intravenous feeding solutions.
abstract: The limited solubility of calcium and phosphorus in standard parenteral nutrition formulations has restricted the ability to provide sufficient minerals to preterm infants to prevent substrate deficient metabolic bone disease. We determined the solubility limits of calcium and phosphorus in a total of 160 formulations under carefully controlled conditions. By increasing the concentrations of dextrose, amino acids, and by using Addiphos instead of 8.7% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate as the phosphorus source, higher concentrations of both calcium and phosphorus were held in solution. This should permit the delivery of increased concentrations of these minerals at rates which approximate fetal accretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: MacMahon
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Mayne
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pope
authors.forename: I Z
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Kovar
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000517:prevention & control; D002021:Buffers; D002118:Calcium; D004573:Electrolytes; D005947:Glucose; D006801:Humans; D006878:Hydroxides; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions; D010710:Phosphates; D010758:Phosphorus; D011188:Potassium; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D012964:Sodium; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D013012:Sorbitol
chemical_list: C064062:Addiphos; D000596:Amino Acids; D002021:Buffers; D004573:Electrolytes; D006878:Hydroxides; D057947:Parenteral Nutrition Solutions; D010710:Phosphates; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D012996:Solutions; C545824:amino-acid, glucose, and electrolyte solution; D010758:Phosphorus; D013012:Sorbitol; D012964:Sodium; C013216:potassium phosphate; D005947:Glucose; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium