title: Concomitant euthyroid Graves' ophthalmopathy and isolated ocular myasthenia gravis.
abstract: A 44 year old diabetic woman presented with diplopia and bilateral ptosis and mild exophthalmos. The patient was clinically euthyroid, the baseline thyroid function tests were normal, but the thyroid stimulating hormone response to thyrotrophin releasing hormone was flat. Computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits showed left medial and inferior rectus muscle thickening, more prominent on the left side, consistent with Graves' disease. The tensilon stimulation test resulted in resolution of the ptosis and partial improvement of the ophthalmoplegia. The single fibre electromyography was consistent with a defect in neuromuscular transmission. However, forced duction test was normal and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies were undetectable. Significant improvement of the extraocular muscle function and resolution of the right ptosis had resulted from anticholinesterase therapy. These findings and the clinical response to therapy were consistent with concomitant euthyroid Graves' ophthalmopathy and ocular myasthenia gravis. Coexistent isolated ocular myasthenia gravis and Graves' ophthalmopathy is rare and should be considered in patients with findings of ocular myasthenia and extraocular muscle dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Raef
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ladinsky
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arem
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004172:Diplopia / Q000150:complications*; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications*; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications*