title: The cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, piroxicam, enhances cytokine-induced lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: The effects of Piroxicam on the production and activity of lymphoproliferative cytokines (LC) produced by mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) were examined. In vitro, Piroxicam did not affect IL-1 induced thymocyte proliferation (LAF assay). However, the LAF activity from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated MNP cultures was increased after Piroxicam (0.1-20 mumol/L) treatment. The increase in apparent LC activity was largely due to suppression of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Peripheral blood, spleen and thymus lymphocytes from animals predosed with Piroxicam (5 mg/kg per day for 3 days) synthesized more DNA than untreated mice (as measured by [3H]-thymidine uptake ex vivo). MNP from Piroxicam-treated animals produced significantly more LC. Piroxicam had similar effects in both inflamed and non-inflamed mice. Piroxicam and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) may therefore stimulate or modulate the immune functions requiring lymphoproliferation by suppressing the formation of PGE2, a natural inhibitor of both LC production and LC-induced lymphoproliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Adelaide, SA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Whitehouse
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vernon-Roberts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D010894:Piroxicam; C010268:oleyl alcohol; D004247:DNA; D015232:Dinoprostone