title: Diagnosis of bromethalin toxicosis in the dog.
abstract: Dogs given a single oral dose of bromethalin at 6.25 mg/kg developed a toxic syndrome characterized by hyperexcitability, tremors, seizures, depression, and death within 15-63 hours after bromethalin administration. Gross lesions included mild cerebral edema (2/5) and mild pulmonary congestion (2/5). Histologic lesions included diffuse white matter spongiosis (5/5), mild microgliosis (3/5), optic nerve vacuolization (3/5), mild thickening of Bowman's capsule (2/5), and occasional splenic megakaryocytes (2/5). Ultramicroscopic examination of midbrain stem revealed occasional swollen axons, intramyelinic vacuolization, and myelin splitting at the intraperiod line. Bromethalin was detected in kidney, liver, fat, and brain tissues, using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Photodegradation of extracted bromethalin may limit accurate quantification of tissue residues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Dorman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Harlin
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Buck
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000506:poisoning*; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D011041:Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D012378:Rodenticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000506:poisoning*; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D012378:Rodenticides; C040307:bromethalin