title: Muramyl dipeptide inhibits replication of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.
abstract: In the search for compounds capable of inducing endogenous production of colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and possessing activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), an immunomodulator, muramyl dipeptide (MDP), was investigated. MDP can enhance monocyte-macrophage CSF in serum and promote nonspecific resistance against a variety of microbial pathogens. MDP exhibited an inhibitory activity against HIV infection of CD4+ H9 lymphocytes and U937 monocytoid cells. An inhibitor of viral reverse transcriptase, 2', 3'-dideoxyadenosine, produced potent inhibition in cultures which were similarly infected with HIV. MDP could partially reduce antigen production in persistently HIV-infected KE37/1 lymphocyte cultures.
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Federal Health Office, West Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Masihi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rohde-Schulz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chedid
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016048:Dideoxyadenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D006801:Humans; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D016048:Dideoxyadenosine; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine