[Vaccination against malaria: initial trial with an ant-sporozoite vaccine, (NANP)3-TT (RO 40-2361) in Africa (Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso)].
The vaccine (NANP)3-TT is a synthetic peptide of the circumsporozoite protein (CS) of Plasmodium falciparum coupled to tetanus toxoid (TT) as protein carrier and adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide as adjuvant. The objectives of the study were to assess the immunogenicity and the protective efficacy of the vaccine in an area where malaria is endemic. The study was conducted in a zone of irrigated rice cultivation known as the Vallée du Kou to the North of Bobo-Dioulasso. Malaria transmission is permanent in the Vallée with maxima in July and November. The study was conducted from June to December 1988. It was a controlled randomised, double blind, prospective vaccine trial. A total of 123 infants from 3 to 5 months of age were randomly assigned to three groups. Group I (controls) received three doses of TT alone, group II received two doses of TT and one of (NANP)3-TT and group III received three doses of (NANP)3-TT. These vaccines were administered simultaneously with the Enlarged Program of Immunisation (EPI) vaccines. The clinical parasitological and immunological status of the children was then monitored over a period of five months. No systemic reactions to the vaccine were observed in the infants either immediately after administration or during the follow-up. Minor local tumefactions were observed in only 3% of the children. The vaccine was found to be immunogenic with a peak IgG response at day 75, when 56% (group II) and 60% (group III) showed antibody titres of at least four times that seen at day 0. The response, however, was a short duration; by day 150 the average antibody titres were not significantly different between the three groups. The incidence and the level of parasiaemia and the incidence of clinical malaria were also not significantly different for each of the three groups during the period of the study. The association of (NANP)3 with tetanus toxoid was not shown to be immunologically inhibitive. The results, despite not showing a protective effect for the vaccine (NANP)3-TT, have shown its immunogenicity and therefore suggest that further development of this vaccine may be worthwhile.
Guiguemdé
T R
TR
Centre Muraz (OCCGE), Burkina Faso.
Sturchler
D
D
Ouédraogo
J B
JB
Drabo
M
M
Etlinger
H
H
Douchet
C
C
Gbary
A R
AR
Haller
L
L
Kambou
S
S
Fernex
M
M
D000818:Animals; D016782:Apicomplexa / Q000276:immunology; D002050:Burkina Faso; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000276:immunology*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014611:Vaccination
D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; C065870:Ro 40-2361
Vaccination contre le paludisme: premier essai avec un vaccin antisporozoïte, le (NANP)3-TT (RO 40-2361) en Afrique (Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso).