title: Evaluation of live trivalent vaccine of measles AIK-C strain, mumps Hoshino strain and rubella Takahashi strain, by virus-specific interferon-gamma production and antibody response.
abstract: A trivalent measles-mumps-rubella live virus vaccine, containing measles AIK-C strain, mumps Hoshino strain, and rubella Takahashi strain, was evaluated in 229 children, aged 1 to 5 years. The vaccine induced a high seroconversion rate: 221 (98.7%) out of 224 subjects initially seronegative for measles virus, 167 (93.3%) out of 179 initially seronegative for mumps virus, and 212 (99.1%) out of 214 initially seronegative for rubella virus. It also induced a sufficient cellular immunity against each of the three viruses in over 90% of the subjects, as judged by virus-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production. Virus-specific IFN-gamma production was observed 10 days after vaccination by stimulation with measles virus and rubella virus and 14 days after vaccination by stimulation with mumps virus. Mumps-virus-specific IFN-gamma production was observed in 7 out of 12 recipients without seroconversion for mumps virus. And measles-virus-specific IFN-gamma production was demonstrated in one out of three recipients without seroconversion for measles virus. A significant correlation was observed between the serum antibody and IFN-gamma production six weeks after vaccination for measles virus (r = 0.201, P less than 0.01) and for mumps virus (r = 0.174, P less than 0.05) but not for rubella virus (r = -0.045, P less than 0.05). The incidence of febrile reactions of greater than or equal to 37.5 C was quite low, 14.4%, and that of greater than or equal to 39 C occurred in only 1.3% of the recipients. These results suggested that the trivalent vaccine induced sufficient humoral and cellular immunity and yet resulted in no more untoward reaction than observed from the measles vaccine alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Kitasato Institute, Tokyo.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makino
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006387:Hemagglutination, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008457:Measles / Q000517:prevention & control; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D009107:Mumps / Q000517:prevention & control; D009108:Mumps Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D012409:Rubella / Q000517:prevention & control; D012411:Rubella Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D009108:Mumps Vaccine; D012411:Rubella Vaccine; D007371:Interferon-gamma