title: IL-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor selectively increase HLA-DR and HLA-DP antigens but not HLA-DQ antigens on human monocytes.
abstract: A number of cytokines were tested for their ability to modulate HLA-DR Ag expression on normal human monocytes. IL-4, granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF as well as IFN-gamma were able to increase HLA-DR Ag expression on monocytes. IFN-alpha was also able to augment HLA-DR Ag expression, but to a lesser degree. Macrophage-CSF, granulocyte-CSF, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, and IL-6 were not able to augment HLA-DR Ag expression. There were distinct patterns in the ability of different cytokines to augment class II histocompatibility Ag expression. IL-4 and GM-CSF selectively increased only HLA-DR and HLA-DP, but did not increase HLA-DQ antigens on monocytes. IFN-gamma, however, was able to augment the expression of HLA-DR, HLA-DP, and HLA-DQ Ag. Combinations of IFN-gamma with either IL-4 or GM-CSF did not show any synergy for the augmentation of any of the class II antigens on monocytes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cytokine Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Gerrard
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Mostowski
mesh_terms: D001685:Biological Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006682:HLA-DP Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances; D006682:HLA-DP Antigens; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor