title: Distinction between the two basic mechanisms of cation transport in the cardiac Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange system.
abstract: In order to distinguish between the Ping-Pong and sequential mechanisms of cation transport in the cardiac Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange system, the initial rates of the Nai-dependent 45Ca uptake (t = 1 s) were measured in reconstituted proteoliposomes, loaded with a Ca chelator. Under "zero-trans" conditions ([Na]o = [Ca]i = 0) at a fixed [Na]i = 10-160 mM with varying [45Ca]o = 2.5-122 microM for each [Na]i, the Km and Vmax values increased from 7.7 to 33.5 microM and from 2.3 to 9.0 nmol.mg-1.s-1, respectively. The Vmax/Km values show a +/- 2-10% deviation from the average value of 0.274 nmol.mg-1.s-1.microM-1 over the whole range of [Na]i. These deviations are within the standard error of Vmax (+/- 3-7%), Km (+/- 11-17%), and Vmax/Km (+/- 11-19%). This suggests that, under conditions in which Vmax and Km are [Na]i dependent and vary 4-5-fold, the Vmax/Km values are constant within the experimental error. In the presence of K(+)-valinomycin the Vmax/Km values are 0.85 +/- 0.17 and 1.08 +/- 0.18 nmol.mg-1.s-1.microM-1 at [Na]i = 20 and 160 mM, respectively, suggesting that under conditions of "short circuit" of the membrane potential the Vmax/Km values still exhibit the [Na]i independence. At a very low fixed [45Ca]o = 1.1 microM with varying [Na]i = 10-160 mM, the initial rates were found to be [Na]i independent. At a high fixed [45Ca]o = 92 microM the initial rates show a sigmoidal dependence on the [Na]i with Vmax = 13.8 nmol.mg-1.s-1, KmNa = 21 mM, and Hill coefficient nH = 1.5. The presented data support a Ping-Pong (consecutive) mechanism of cation transport in the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khananshvili
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008081:Liposomes / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D012508:Sarcolemma / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008081:Liposomes; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012964:Sodium; D002118:Calcium