title: Paradoxical reactions to rectal midazolam as premedication in children.
abstract: Eighty healthy children, between the ages of 2 and 7 years, who were to undergo oral surgical procedures under general anaesthesia, were allocated randomly to 4 groups. Three groups received rectal midazolam, and the other group a placebo (saline) as premedication 30 min prior to induction of anaesthesia. Group A children received midazolam 0.25 mg/kg, Group B 0.35 mg/kg and Group C 0.45 mg/kg. No statistically significant difference was found between the treatment groups as to the effect on systolic- (p = 0.6920) and diastolic (p = 0.8701) blood pressures, respiration (p = 0.0505) and pulse (p = 0.6192) rates at either pre- or post-sedation levels. However, the results indicate that levels of anxiolysis and sedation were significantly associated with midazolam dosage (p less than 0.0001).
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Stellenbosch, Republic of South Africa.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roelofse
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Stegmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hartshorne
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Joubert
mesh_terms: D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D008874:Midazolam