title: Production of interleukins in human immunodeficiency virus-1-replicating lymph nodes.
abstract: To document the in vivo interactions occurring between the immune system and HIV replicating cells, we analyzed using in situ hybridization the production of IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-2, and INF-gamma in eight hyperplastic lymph nodes from HIV-1 infected patients. Numerous IL-1 beta- and IL-6-producing cells associated in clusters were detected in sinuses. Few individual IL-1 beta- and IL-6-producing cells were present in interfollicular and follicular areas. IL-2- and INF-gamma-producing cells were observed in all lymph node compartments, with a selective enrichment in germinal centers. The amount and distribution of IL-1 beta, IL-6-, and IL-2-producing cells in HIV lymph nodes were not different from those found in six HIV unrelated hyperplastic lymph nodes. In contrast, a higher level of INF-gamma production was observed in HIV-1 lymph nodes. The CD8+ cells that accumulate in germinal centers of HIV lymph nodes (and not in non-HIV germinal centers) were actively involved in this INF-gamma production. INF-gamma synthesizing cells were in direct contact with cells containing HIV core antigens and HIV RNA. Thus a high INF-gamma production may characterize anti-HIV T cell immune response, potentially contributing to control of viral spreading as well as to the development of follicle lysis.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U131, Hôpital A Béclère, Clamart, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Emilie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peuchmaur
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Maillot
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Crevon
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brousse
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Delfraissy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dormont
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galanaud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000032:analysis; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015683:Gene Products, gag; D015488:HIV Antigens; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma