title: Interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Use in gram-negative infection after shock.
abstract: Shock increases the propensity to develop infection after injury or operation. This study evaluated the effect of cefoxitin, interferon gamma (INF-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on the development of a polymicrobial soft-tissue infection. After sham operation or hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, Sprague-Dawley rats were inoculated with 1 x 10(8) Escherichia coli and 1 x 10(9) Bacteroides fragilis in a 5% fecal suspension. Animals received either no treatment, cefoxitin, recombinant rat INF-gamma, recombinant human TNF-alpha, or cefoxitin/cytokine combinations. Cefoxitin reduced abscess size by 57% in animals without shock but only by 26% after shock. Although neither INF-gamma nor TNF-alpha alone had a salutary effect when given with cefoxitin in animals after shock, INF-gamma and TNF-alpha reduced abscess size by 50% and 55%, respectively. These results suggest that INF-gamma and TNF-alpha may be useful to reduce the severity of mixed gram-negative infections after shock with bacterial contamination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, KY 40292.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Malangoni
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Livingston
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sonnenfeld
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Polk
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D002440:Cefoxitin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012769:Shock / Q000150:complications*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002440:Cefoxitin; D007371:Interferon-gamma