title: Extraction of major alkaloids from poppy straw with near-critical mixtures of carbon dioxide and polar modifiers.
abstract: Near-critical extraction of major alkaloids from poppy straw was performed successfully with a simple device consisting mainly of two chromatographic pumps and a pressure regulator. The optimum extractant, consisting of carbon dioxide, methanol and water, gave a quantitative extraction of thebaine, codeine and morphine in 20 min. The method was compared with a classical liquid-solid extraction procedure and carbon dioxide was shown to act as a transporting agent of the extraction solvent (methanol-water) into the vegetable matrix.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique de l'Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de Paris, France.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Janicot
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caude
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosset
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Veuthey
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D000432:Methanol; D008744:Methylamines; D010207:Papaver; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D008744:Methylamines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C027451:methylamine; D000432:Methanol