title: Methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate enhances performance in a multiple-trial learning task in mice.
abstract: In contrast to diazepam, a benzodiazepine receptor (BZ-R) ligand, which impairs memory processing, methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM), another BZ-R ligand, administered before a training session, enhances performance in a retention test. This action, however, has only been demonstrated in single trial or single session learning protocols. The present report extends these results to a multiple-trial learning procedure in mice (brightness discrimination in a T-maze with negative reinforcement). The animals were trained for sessions of ten trials per day for six consecutive days. In a first experiment, the sessions during the first three days took place after administration of beta-CCM (0.3 mg/kg), diazepam (2.5 mg/kg) or saline. In a second experiment, especially designed to study the effects of beta-CCM, during the first three days animals received beta-CCM (0.3 mg/kg), Ro 15-1788 (15 mg/kg), beta-CCM + Ro 15-1788, vehicles of these drugs or saline. In the first experiment, performance was improved by beta-CCM and impaired by diazepam in the first three sessions as well as in the final three. In the second experiment, beta-CCM alone, as well as Ro 15-1788 improved performance, and the simultaneous administration of the two drugs suppressed these effects. These results suggest that the performance enhancing effects of beta-CCM observed in single trial learning protocols, during the retention test, can already be observed during drug treatment. They confirm that beta-CCM has an action on acquisition (learning). As the effects of beta-CCM are suppressed by the simultaneous administration of Ro 15-1788, our results could suggest a role for benzodiazepine receptors in learning. This question is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Génétique, Neurogénétique et Comportement U.R.A. 1294 C.N.R.S., U.E.R. Biomedicale, Université Paris V, France.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Raffalli-Sebille
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chapouthier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venault
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Dodd
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002243:Carbolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003975:Diazepam / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005442:Flumazenil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D012153:Retention, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002243:Carbolines; D001569:Benzodiazepines; C026072:1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid; D005442:Flumazenil; D003975:Diazepam