Functional decline and nutritional status in a hospitalized geriatric population: sequential study.
We analyzed the relations between nutritional status and several measures of the ability to perform the normal activities of daily living (ADL) in a long-term institutionalized geriatric population and also studied whether changes in this ability, as found ten months later, were associated with changes in the nutritional status. Nutritional status was assessed using objective anthropometric measurements (triceps skinfold, mid upper-arm circumference, midarm muscle area [AMA], midarm fat area [AFA]) and subjective clinical features (temporal muscle atrophy [TMA] and Bichat's fat atrophy [BFA]). The capacity to perform ADL was analyzed considering ability to eat and to walk, dental status, and mental performance status. Patients with total absence or loss of more than 50% of the teeth showed less AMA and AFA and greater degrees of TMA and BFA; the same happened with regard to deterioration of mental performance status. Those patients fed through a nasogastric tube showed less AFA and serum albumin and also a greater degree of TMA and BFA. Patients unable to walk without aid showed less AMA and AFA. Patients whose capacity to walk improved or whose mental performance status ameliorated showed an increase of their AMA, whereas AFA slightly decreased in those patients whose abilities to eat and to walk deteriorated. Long-term hospitalization in our center led to improvement and to deterioration of ADL in approximately the same number of patients, and similar changes were seen in the nutritional measures.
Morales-Rodriguez
P
P
Hospital Febles Campos, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
González-Reimers
E
E
Santolaria-Fernández
F
F
Batista-López
N
N
González-Reyes
A
A
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D013997:Time Factors