title: The nuclear oncoproteins: RB and p53.
abstract: A novel class of oncogene has been recognised whose loss-of-function results in the expression of the malignant phenotype. Two examples of such genes are the human retinoblastoma predisposition gene (RB1) and the gene encoding the cellular protein p53. These genes are thought to regulate and limit normal proliferation of cells and, as a consequence, can suppress tumorigenicity when introduced into transformed cells. They are hence frequently described as 'tumour suppressor genes'. Both RB1 and p53 gene products are bound by various transforming early proteins encoded by the DNA tumour viruses SV40, adenovirus and human papilloma virus. It is thought that they are thus sequestered and rendered inactive. Thus, a coherent model is emerging whereby inactivation, either by mutation of sequestration, of these tumour suppressor genes may contribute to natural and experimental carcinogenic processes.
authors: Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
authors: J K
authors: JK
authors: Cowell
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53