Late dominance of the inflammatory process in murine influenza by gamma/delta + T cells.
The inflammatory response in the lungs of mice infected with an influenza A virus consists largely of macrophages and CD3+ T cells. Most T lymphocytes recovered before day 7 after infection express mRNA for the T cell receptor alpha/beta (TCR-alpha/beta), while TCR-gamma/delta mRNA+ cells are found at much higher frequency over the next 7 d. The predominant surface phenotype for the TCR-gamma/delta mRNA+ population is CD3+4-8-TCR-alpha/beta-. Some lymphocytes expressing all the known V gamma genes are found in the inflammatory exudate, but V gamma 2+/V gamma 1+ and V gamma 4+ T cells are present at highest frequency. The response is staged, with maximal numbers of V gamma 4+ cells occurring on day 10 after infection, while the predominant phenotype on day 13 is V gamma 2/V gamma 1+. The emerging peak in numbers of V gamma 4+ lymphocytes is paralleled by increasing numbers of macrophages expressing hsp mRNA. The later maxima found for the V gamma 2+/V gamma 1+ T cells is consistent with the possibility that at least some of these lymphocytes are responding to the hsp+ cells and are functioning to resolve the inflammatory process.
Carding
S R
SR
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Allan
W
W
Kyes
S
S
Hayday
A
A
Bottomly
K
K
Doherty
P C
PC
D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009980:Influenza A virus; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D010641:Phenotype; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta