Inhibition of tumor growth, invasion and metastasis in papain-immunized mice.
Papain-immunized mice possess serum antibodies which cross-react with cathepsin-B- and cathepsin-H-like endopeptidases isolated from B16 melanoma cells. The growth rate, invasion and metastasis of both the B16 melanoma and the Lewis lung carcinoma were inhibited in mice immunized with papain. These animals presented an increased mean survival time as compared to the tumor-bearing nonimmunized controls. Quantitative microscopy suggested that vasodilation and edema, associated with tumor invasion, are, at least partially, sustained by proteolytic enzymes, being strongly reduced when tumor cells were inoculated in papain-immunized mice.
Bellelli
A
A
Laboratory of Physiopathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
Mattioni
M
M
Rusconi
V
V
Sezzi
M L
ML
Bellelli
L
L
D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism; D002402:Cathepsin D / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D056655:Cathepsin H; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003429:Cross Reactions / Q000276:immunology; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007114:Immunization; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010206:Papain / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
D000906:Antibodies; D002364:Caseins; C026018:azocasein; D002403:Cathepsins; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D056655:Cathepsin H; C534127:Ctsh protein, mouse; D010206:Papain; D002402:Cathepsin D