title: [Diagnosis of ambiguous genitalia].
abstract: Diagnosis in patients with ambiguous genitalia is based on various investigations. Simple genital examination is not sufficient to attribute sex. Scarce androgenization in a male patient or marked androgenization in a female may both lead to the same stages of genital ambiguity according to Prader. It is important to get information about genital ambiguity in the family, drug consumption during gestation and signs of virilization in pregnant mothers. External genital findings must be integrated by visualization of urogenital sinus by X-rays, ultrasounds and endoscopy. Furthermore, hormonal evaluations on plasma and 24 hours urines allow diagnosis of some disorders of adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis. To define genetic sex, chromosomal examination is required to integrate X chromatine investigation and fluorescent staining of Y chromosome. Evaluation of psychosexuality in patients who have already got gender identity is mandatory.
authors: Servizio di Endocrinologia Pediatrica Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, Torino.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: de Sanctis
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Einaudi
authors: L
authors: L
authors: De Sanctis
mesh_terms: D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans
vernacular_title: Diagnostica nelle ambiguità dei genitali.