title: Additive and synergistic antitumor effects with toremifene and interferons.
abstract: MFC-7 cells were exposed to toremifene, human alpha and gamma interferons and combinations of them in vitro. Growth of the cells was followed by ATP bioluminescence method. Rats bearing DMBA-induced tumors were treated with toremifene, rat gamma interferon and their combination daily for five weeks. The growth of the tumors was followed by palpation weekly. Toremifene and interferons inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells. Interferons alpha and gamma were additive; toremifene and interferons were additive or at the best synergistic. Toremifene inhibited the growth of DMBA-induced tumors. Rat gamma interferon alone had no clear effect on the tumor growth. Combination of toremifene and gamma interferone was the most effective treatment and did not show any detectable toxicity. Toremifene and interferons have interesting interactions. Clinical studies using the combination might be warranted.
authors: Farmos Group Ltd, Research Center, Turku, The Netherlands.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Kangas
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Cantell
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Schellekens
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D051381:Rats; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D017312:Toremifene; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D007370:Interferon Type I; D013629:Tamoxifen; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D017312:Toremifene; D007371:Interferon-gamma