Effect of dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate on plasma glucose concentration and turnover in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Consumption of dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate (DHP) increases muscle extraction of glucose in normal men. To test the hypothesis that these three-carbon compounds would improve glycemic control in diabetes, we evaluated the effect of DHP on plasma glucose concentration, turnover, recycling, and tolerance in 7 women with noninsulin-dependent diabetes. The subjects consumed a 1,500-calorie diet (55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein), randomly containing 13% of the calories as DHP (1/1) or Polycose (placebo; PL), as a drink three times daily for 7 days. On the 8th day, primed continuous infusions of [6-3H]-glucose and [U-14C]-glucose were begun at 05.00 h, and at 09.00 h a 3-hour glucose tolerance test (75 g glucola) was performed. Two weeks later the subjects repeated the study with the other diet. The fasting plasma glucose level decreased by 14% with DHP (DHP = 8.0 +/- 0.9 mmol/l; PL = 9.3 +/- 1.0 mmol/l, p less than 0.05) which accounted for lower postoral glucose glycemia (DHP = 13.1 +/- 0.8 mmol/l, PL = 14.7 +/- 0.8 mmol/l, p less than 0.05). [6-3H]-glucose turnover (DHP = 1.50 +/- 0.19 mg.kg-1.min-1, PL = 1.77 +/- 0.21 mg.kg-1.min-1, p less than 0.05) and glucose recycling, the difference in [6-3H]-glucose and [U-14C]-glucose turnover rates, decreased with DHP (DHP = 0.25 +/- 0.07 mg.kg-1.min-1, PL = 0.54 +/- 0.10 mg.kg-1.min-1, p less than 0.05). Fasting and postoral glucose, plasma insulin, glucagon, and C peptide levels were unaffected by DHP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Stanko
R T
RT
Department of Medicine, Montefiore-University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
Mitrakou
A
A
Greenawalt
K
K
Gerich
J
J
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004098:Dihydroxyacetone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005526:Food, Formulated; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D008875:Middle Aged; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000494:pharmacology*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D011773:Pyruvates; D005934:Glucagon; D004098:Dihydroxyacetone