T cell dominance and the vaccine problem: modifying effects on immunogenicity by residues at a distance from the site of T cell recognition.
The design of the optimal T cell-inducing component of a vaccine requires consideration of events both at, and distant from, the T cell recognition site. This area is approached here by analysis of T cell immunodominance. After describing the unpredictability of defining dominant T cell-inducing determinants and the preference of empirical methods, the question of designing a solely T determinant vaccine is explored. In this regard, evidence is presented that T helper cell-inducing and T proliferation-inducing determinants are not necessarily identical. With regard to the influence of other determinants on the molecule, three issues are discussed with relevance to vaccine design: (1) 'preferential partnerships' between T and B cells of certain specificities (2) the existence of suppressor T cells, reactive against non-overlapping determinants (3) competitive antigenic determinants, restricted to the same or to a different MHC molecule.
Sercarz
E
E
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1489.
Gammon
G
G
Palmer
M
M
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D010455:Peptides; D014612:Vaccines