title: A new in vitro approach to determine acquired tolerance in long-term kidney allograft recipients.
abstract: Previous studies indicate some kidney allograft recipients treated with total lymphoid irradiation, cyclosporine, or conventional immunosuppressive therapy demonstrate specific proliferative unresponsiveness in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) to donor cells at various times posttransplant. To investigate possible donor-specific hyporeactivity, we have studied 3 patients treated with TLI whose grafts have survived longer than 10 years; 2 patients given the same immunosuppressive protocol but without TLI whose grafts have survived longer than 10 years; and 27 CsA-treated living-related donor and cadaver-allograft recipients 1 year posttransplant. We confirmed previous observations of hyporeactivity of some patients' cells to stimulation by donor cells. In addition, we identified hyporeactivity to stimulation by homozygous typing cells (HTCs) defining the HLA-Dw specificities of the donor cells for all 3 of the 3 TLI patients, 1 of the 2 non-TLI patients, and 9 of the 27 patients 1 year posttransplant. The LRD recipients with donor-specific hyporeactivity as defined by the HTC analysis demonstrated fewer rejection episodes (25% vs. 57%) and lower mean creatinine levels (1.18 vs 1.78 mg/dL) than patients without donor-specific hyporeactivity. These studies demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring the immune status of allograft recipients posttransplant by means of HTC analysis, eliminating the need for pretransplant specimens. This approach provides a possible means to assess which patients may have acquired donor-specific hyporeactivity to their kidney allograft and thus may require less immunosuppression.
authors: Immunobiology Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine/Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
authors: N L
authors: NL
authors: Reinsmoen
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Kaufman
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Matas
authors: D E
authors: DE
authors: Sutherland
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Najarian
authors: F H
authors: FH
authors: Bach
mesh_terms: D002999:Clone Cells; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology*; D006681:HLA-D Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000528:radiation effects; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D003524:Cyclosporins; D006681:HLA-D Antigens; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents