title: Allopurinol protects pancreatic beta cells from the cytotoxic effect of streptozotocin: in vitro study.
abstract: Isolated rat pancreatic beta cells in monolayer culture were shown to be protected from the cytotoxic effect of streptozotocin (STZ) by allopurinol. Pretreatment with allopurinol for 2 h caused dose-dependent inhibition of the decreased secretion of insulin by the cells induced by STZ (2 mM, for 1 h), 500 microM allopurinol causing complete inhibition of this effect of STZ. Pretreatment with allopurinol (250 microM) also prevented the rapid decrease in intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentrations in beta cells induced by treatment with STZ. High performance liquid chromatography revealed that the intracellular concentration of uric acid in STZ-treated cells was about 3 fold that of control cells. This finding suggests that the reaction of xanthine oxidase is facilitated in the cells exposed to STZ probably due to an increased supply of substrate resulting from decrease in intracellular ATP. Based on these results, a possible mechanism of the effect of allopurinol on the cytotoxic effect of STZ via xanthine oxidase is discussed.
authors: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Japan.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Nukatsuka
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Yoshimura
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Nishida
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kawada
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000201:enzymology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000633:toxicity*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D009243:NAD; D014527:Uric Acid; D013311:Streptozocin; D000493:Allopurinol; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase