title: Repeated transient hypergonadotropic amenorrhea during pharmacologic induction of multiple follicular development with exogenous gonadotropins.
abstract: Human gonadotropins are widely used for induction of ovulation in the treatment of anovulatory infertility and for induction of multiple follicular development (MFD) in in vitro fertilization (IVF), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), and artificial insemination with husband's semen (AIH) programs. Reported is a patient with normal menstrual cycles, who had two episodes of gonadal unresponsiveness to human gonadotropin therapy, followed by transient hypergonadotropic amenorrhea ("resistant ovary" syndrome), during induction of MFD in conjunction with AIH as treatment for unexplained infertility. The first episode occurred during the sixth cycle of a first series of MFD induction with daily intramuscular injections of exogenous gonadotropins. The second episode occurred during the second cycle of a second series of MFD induction with intravenous pulsatile administration of FSH. On both occasions, normalization of endogenous gonadotropin levels and reappearance of ovulatory cycles occurred spontaneously, after two and three months, respectively. A similar mechanism could occur in the failures of MFD induction observed in IVF programs.
authors: Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, University of Pisa, Italy.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Mais
authors: G B
authors: GB
authors: Melis
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Antinori
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Paoletti
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Strigini
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Guerriero
authors: A
authors: A
authors: de Ruggiero
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Fioretti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D015181:Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer; D006801:Humans; D007317:Insemination, Artificial, Homologous; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008596:Menotropins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002996:Clomiphene; D008596:Menotropins; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone