title: Drainage of bile ducts with an articulated T tube.
abstract: An articulated T tube has been devised to simplify percutaneous replacement. Because the crosspiece and the stem are held together with sutures, they can be aligned over a catheter and guide wire for atraumatic insertion into the bile duct. By pulling the suture taut, the articulated T tube is easily reconstituted. A second suture can be attached to the proximal limb of the crosspiece to extract it end-on at a latter date without enlarging the tract. This articulated tube has been found very useful for safely replacing T tubes that have fallen out of immature tracts (n = 2) and inserting T tubes in tumor-encased bile ducts either via an existing T-tube tract (n = 1) or transhepatically (n = 1). This design extends the usefulness of T tubes for efficient intra- or extrahepatic bile duct drainage.
authors: Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Cope
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Gensburg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001652:Bile Ducts; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007440:Intubation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged