Immune activation markers to predict AIDS and survival in HIV-1 seropositives.
Neopterin concentrations in body fluids of HIV-1 seropositives provide predictive information. In 1986, we examined serum and urine neopterin concentrations in 29 HIV-1 seropositives. Serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble CD8 (sCD8), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and circulating immune complexes (CIC) were retrospectively analysed in 1989. All individuals had increased serum and urine neopterin, sIL2R and CIC concentrations, 27/29 had increased sCD8 concentrations, whereas all had normal TNF-alpha levels. During a 3-year follow-up, high urine and serum neopterin concentrations were significantly associated with progression to AIDS and with the occurrence of AIDS-associated death. Both neopterin variables were of similar predictive value (p less than 0.001, generalized Wilcoxon test). sIL2R concentrations were of borderline significance in predicting the onset of AIDS (p = 0.05). All other parameters lacked predictive information in our study. We conclude, that chronic immune activation is detectable in almost all HIV-1 seropositives. Chronic immune activation may be associated with HIV-1 replication and may contribute to the immunopathology of HIV-1 infection.
Fuchs
D
D
Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
Jäger
H
H
Popescu
M
M
Reibnegger
G
G
Werner
E R
ER
Dierich
M P
MP
Kaboth
W
W
Tilz
G P
GP
Wachter
H
H
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000097:blood; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019798:Neopterin; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D015415:Biomarkers; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D001708:Biopterins; D019798:Neopterin