title: Oxiracetam and D-pyroglutamic acid antagonize a disruption of passive avoidance behaviour induced by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate.
abstract: Intracerebroventricular administration (6 micrograms/2 microliters) of D-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (AP-5), a specific antagonist of the NMDA receptors, prior to training impaired the passive avoidance in a retention test in rat. Pretreatment with oxiracetam and D-pyroglutamic acid at doses ranging from 50 to 500 mg/kg SC dose-dependently prevented the disruptive effect of AP-5. This finding indicates that an interaction with excitatory amino acid NMDA type receptors may be important in behavioural effects of the two pyrrolidinone derivatives.
authors: Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Italy.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Paoli
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Spignoli
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Pepeu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000187:drug effects*; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011759:Pyrrolidines; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; C056639:2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid; D014633:Valine; C040619:oxiracetam; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid