A specific member of the ATF transcription factor family can mediate transcription activation by the adenovirus E1a protein.
The adenovirus E1a protein stimulates transcription of viral early genes. Recent experiments indicate that E1a contains a transcriptional activating region, which functions when directed to a promoter. Because E1a is not a sequence-specific DNA binding protein, how it targets to viral promoters has been a question. Several of the viral early promoters contain one or more binding sites for ATFs, a family of cellular transcription factors. Here we show that E1a can function through a specific ATF protein, designated ATF-2. We provide evidence that E1a interacts with a discrete region of promoter-bound ATF-2, thereby positioning the E1a activating region at a viral promoter.
Liu
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.
Green
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D051696:Activating Transcription Factors; D017456:Adenovirus Early Proteins; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
D051696:Activating Transcription Factors; D017456:Adenovirus Early Proteins; D001798:Blood Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C052130:GAL4 protein, S cerevisiae; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors