title: Overview: phosphorylation and translation control.
abstract: Protein synthesis is controlled by the phosphorylation of proteins comprising the translational apparatus. At least 12 initiation factor polypeptides, 3 elongation factors and a ribosomal protein are implicated. Stimulation of translation correlates with enhanced phosphorylation of eIF-4F, eIF-4B, eIF-2B, eIF-3 and ribosomal protein S6, whereas inhibition correlates with phosphorylation of eEF-2 and the alpha-subunit of eIF-2. Strong evidence for regulatory roles exists for eIF-2, eIF-4F and eEF-2, whereas changes in other factor activities due to phosphorylation remain to be demonstrated. Regulation of the specific activity of the translational apparatus by phosphorylation appears to be a general mechanism for the control of rates of global protein synthesis, and may also play a role in modulating the translation of specific mRNAs.
authors: Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis.
authors: J W
authors: JW
authors: Hershey
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010441:Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational; D010442:Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational; D010445:Peptide Elongation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010445:Peptide Elongation Factors; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins