Immune abnormalities in avian erythroblastosis virus-infected chickens.
Infection of animals with retroviruses frequently leads to immunosuppressed states. The immune status of chickens injected with the replication-defective avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV), with its naturally occurring subgroup B helper virus (avian erythroblastosis-associated virus; AEAV), was evaluated daily and compared to the immune status of age-matched uninfected control chickens. Spleen cells from AEV-infected chickens gave depressed responses to concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, and pokeweed mitogen beginning 3 days after injection of the virus and continuing until death. Spleen cells from AEV-infected chickens suppressed the T-cell mitogen-induced blastogenic responses of spleen cells from uninfected chickens. The ability of spleen cells from infected chickens to suppress mitogen-induced blastogenic responses of spleen cells from normal chickens in coculture was transient beginning 4 days following viral inoculation, reaching peak levels of suppression on day 7 and disappearing by day 12. Cytolysis of splenic cells from AEV-infected chickens with polyclonal anti-T-cell-serum removed the suppressor activity. Addition of conditioned medium rich in T-cell growth factor resulted in a partial restoration of the blastogenic responsiveness of splenic cells from 6-day post-AEV-infected chickens. Addition of exogenous T-cell growth factor had no effect on the suppressed blastogenic responsiveness of spleen cells from 12-day post-AEV-infected chickens, and it had no effect on coculture suppression. In addition to suppressed T-cell responses to polyclonal mitogen-induced proliferation in vitro and transiently expressed T-suppressor cells, thymic atrophy and structural disruption was observed in AEV-infected chickens.
Rao
A
A
Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
Kline
K
K
Sanders
B G
BG
D001355:Alpharetrovirus; D000818:Animals; D001353:Avian Leukosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002060:Bursa of Fabricius / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000473:pathology
D007376:Interleukin-2