Comparison of the antiviral activity and toxicity of a protein magnesium ammonium phospholinoleate anhydride polymer with other antiviral drugs.
1. SB-73, a magnesium ammonium phospholinoleate anhydride aggregate, exhibited antiviral action in vitro in the concentration range of 50 to 100 micrograms/ml against herpes simplex type 1, stomatitis vesicular virus, adenovirus type 5, and in vivo in the dose range of 0.7 to 1.3 mg/kg against canine parvovirus and distemper virus. 2. The lethal dose (LD50) was 2.71 +/- 1.55 g/kg body weight in mice inoculated intraperitoneally. Oral ingestion of the aggregate up to 30 g/kg body weight by mice had no lethal effects during the 14 days of observation. 3. In in vitro cytotoxicity experiments with fibroblasts (V-79 Chinese hamster cell line), no toxic effects were observed with SB-73 concentrations (120 micrograms/ml) having antiviral activity. 4. In a cellular proliferation experiment using hamster V-79 cells, we observed 72% proliferation after treatment of the cells with a high concentration (500 micrograms/ml) of SB-73. 5. Compound SB-73 showed no genotoxicity for human lymphocytes at concentrations of 100 micrograms/ml. 6. When the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of SB-73 were compared with those of acyclovir, idoxuridine and AZT at 500 micrograms/ml concentrations the compound was found to have effects similar to those of acyclovir.
Durán
N
N
Laboratório de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Haun
M
M
Pereira-da-Silva
L
L
Pisani
R
R
Pisani
F J
FJ
Souza-Brito
A R
AR
Mazetto
M N
MN
Da-Silva-Nunes
O
O
D000212:Acyclovir / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007065:Idoxuridine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008940:Mitotic Index; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014780:Viruses / Q000187:drug effects*; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011108:Polymers; C076534:magnesium ammonium phospholinoleate anhydride; D015215:Zidovudine; D008274:Magnesium; D007065:Idoxuridine; D000212:Acyclovir