Central nervous system toxicity of quinolones: human and animal findings.
Quinolones have been reported to induce CNS reactions in 0.9-2.1% of cases, but severe reactions occur in less than 0.5%. Flumequine and fleroxacin, but not other quinolones, have produced convulsions in animals after systemic administration; by interventricular injection convulsions could be produced by some quinolones, but by pefloxacin only when a dose of 400 micrograms was reached. A possible mechanism for CNS excitation may be the displacement of GABA from receptors. Quinolones may interact with other drugs--theophylline, caffeine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs--in producing CNS effects.
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Institut für Arzneimittel des Bundesgesundheitsamtes, Berlin, FRG.
D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000633:toxicity; D004285:Dogs; D004347:Drug Interactions; D016576:Fleroxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D015366:Pefloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D011807:Quinolizines / Q000633:toxicity; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced; D013806:Theophylline / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D011807:Quinolizines; D015366:Pefloxacin; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D013806:Theophylline; D016576:Fleroxacin; C012976:flumequine