title: Modular structure of a chicken lysozyme silencer: involvement of an unusual thyroid hormone receptor binding site.
abstract: Silencer elements, by analogy to enhancer elements, function independently of their position and orientation. We show that the chicken lysozyme silencer S-2.4 kb has many other characteristics in common with enhancer elements. The silencer is comprised of modules that independently repress gene activity--repression being increased synergistically when different or identical modules are combined. Repression is effective both on a complete and on a minimal promoter consisting of a TATA box only. One silencer module is bound in vitro by a 75-93 kd protein, termed NeP1; the other can be bound either by the product of the oncogene v-erbA or by the thyroid hormone receptor. This erbA binding site is unusual in that the palindromic sequence is inverted.
authors.affiliation: Genzentrum, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baniahmad
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Köhne
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Renkawitz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005809:Genes, Regulator; D008264:Macrophages / Q000201:enzymology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009113:Muramidase / Q000235:genetics*; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D010957:Plasmids; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; D009113:Muramidase