title: Chloroquine inhibition of cholera toxin.
abstract: Cholera toxin (CT) stimulated adenylate cyclase and a phospholipase which elevated cellular levels of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and arachidonic acid (AA). The AA was quickly converted to prostaglandins (PGs) via the cyclo-oxygenase pathway. Chloroquine exerted minimal inhibition of cAMP levels in CT-treated cells, although CT-induced release of [3H]AA and PGs was blocked completely when the drug was added in concentrations as low as 0.1 mM (50 micrograms/ml). Inhibition of [3H]AA release was complete when chloroquine was added before or within 30 min after CT. The capacity of chloroquine to inhibit either phospholipase C (PLC) or phospholipase A2 (PLA2) could explain the antisecretory activity of this drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Reitmeyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008264:Macrophages; D051379:Mice; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D011453:Prostaglandins; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D002738:Chloroquine; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D000242:Cyclic AMP