Multiple cell type-specific proteins differentially regulate target sequence recognition by the alpha retinoic acid receptor.
Retinoic acid receptors appear to exert profound effects on vertebrate development by regulating the transcription of distinct sets of target genes within different cell types. Several lines of evidence are presented for the existence of multiple, cell type-specific nuclear proteins that function to differentially increase the binding affinity of the alpha retinoic acid receptor for a variety of response elements. These proteins, which we refer to as retinoic acid receptor coregulators, interact with the retinoic acid receptor via a common dimerization interface that overlaps with its ligand binding domain. These observations raise the intriguing possibility that coregulator proteins serve to restrict and/or direct the effects of retinoic acid receptors on patterns of gene expression during development.
Glass
C K
CK
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla 92093-0648.
Devary
O V
OV
Rosenfeld
M G
MG
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D015342:DNA Probes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008024:Ligands; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014162:Transfection; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000378:metabolism
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D015342:DNA Probes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D014212:Tretinoin