title: Functional activation of human neutrophils by recombinant monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor/IL-8.
abstract: Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF)/IL-8, a novel cytokine, distinct from IL-1 and TNF was recently purified and cloned. This study was performed to investigate the biologic effect of recombinant MDNCF/IL-8 on human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) by assessment of their growth inhibitory activity against Candida albicans. The chemoattractant, FMLP was used as a positive control. We demonstrated that MDNCF/IL-8, similar to FMLP, effectively enhanced PMN-mediated anti-Candida activity. MDNCF/IL-8, from 1.0 to 1000 ng/mol, enhanced PMN-mediated anti-Candida activity, whereas FMLP was effective from 10(-10) to 10(-7) M. The optimal dose of MDNCF/IL-8 for PMN stimulation was 10 ng/ml which equalled the optimal chemoattractant dose. MDNCF/IL-8 itself, like FMLP, had no direct effect on Candida growth at any concentration and it stimulated antifungal activity only in PMN but not in monocytes. Interestingly, MDNCF/IL-8 failed to stimulate directly the production of superoxide from PMN or prime the respiratory burst of PMN exposed to FMLP. However, MDNCF/IL-8 was capable of releasing azurophilic enzymes from cytochalasin B-treated PMN into the extracellular space. Enhancement of PMN anti-Candida activity and release of azurophilic enzymes from PMN by MDNCF/IL-8 were inhibited in the presence of colchicine, which is a known inhibitor of degranulation. These results suggest that MDNCF/IL-8 induced antifungal action of PMN via oxygen-independent pathways. Furthermore, MDNCF/IL-8 induction of anti-Candida action by PMN was inhibited by pretreatment with Bordetella pertussis toxin, suggesting that enhancement of PMN antifungal activity by MDNCF/IL-8, as well as by FMLP, may be mediated by a GTP-binding protein.
authors.affiliation: University of South Florida College of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Tampa 33612.
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Djeu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Oppenheim
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiotsuki
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Blanchard
mesh_terms: D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology; D015550:Cell Degranulation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003078:Colchicine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D013481:Superoxides; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D003078:Colchicine