title: Acute transverse myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: magnetic resonance imaging and review of the literature.
abstract: We describe a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with acute transverse myelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine demonstrated increased signal intensity and diffuse edema in the cervical cord. The patient had low titer of IgG antiphospholipid antibodies and hypocomplementemia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed pleocytosis, increased protein and decreased glucose. Clinical improvement of the neurologic impairment was noted after high dose corticosteroids and intravenous bolus cyclophosphamide. A repeat MRI 12 days after the treatment was normal. MRI of the spine can be useful in the diagnosis and followup of patients with SLE presenting with an acute myelopathic syndrome. Early aggressive treatment may contribute to complete recovery of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Boumpas
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Patronas
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dalakas
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Klippel
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Balow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009187:Myelitis / Q000209:etiology*; D009188:Myelitis, Transverse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D008775:Methylprednisolone