title: Endothelin receptor-coupling mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle: a role for protein kinase C.
abstract: Endothelin (ET), a peptide that is released from cultured endothelial cells, is a potent vasoconstrictor that induces characteristically long-lasting contractions. We used the A10 vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) line to probe mechanisms underlying ET-induced contractions. Intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and pH were monitored in A10 monolayers using the fluorescent dyes Fura-2 and 2,7-bis-carboxyethyl-5,6-carboxyfluorescein, respectively. Synthetic porcine ET induced rapid and transient increases in [Ca2+]i (EC50 value, 0.75 nM; maximum, approximately 6-fold above basal). External Ca2+ removal did not block the ability of ET (0.5 or 50 nM) to increase initial [Ca2+]i, although [Ca2+]i returned to prestimulus levels faster as compared with that seen in the presence of external Ca2+. Total cell 45Ca2+ content decreased within 30 sec and remained below prestimulus values for at least 20 min (34 +/- 2% decrease after 5 min, n = 3) in ET-stimulated VSMC. ET stimulated a transient rise in inositol trisphosphate formation in [3H]myo-inositol labeled VSMC, peaking in 30 sec (62 +/- 20% increase, n = 3). In contrast, ET-stimulated diacylglycerol formation in [3H]arachidonic acid-labeled VSMC was sustained and biphasic, exhibiting two peaks at 15 sec (41 +/- 16% increase) and at 5 min (75 +/- 7% increase, n = 3). ET (50 nM) also induced an intracellular alkalinization of 0.17 +/- 0.02 (n = 10) pH units above basal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Danthuluri
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Brock
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D016232:Endothelins; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; D019311:Staurosporine; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C011439:1,2-diacylglycerol; D000470:Alkaloids; D004075:Diglycerides; D016232:Endothelins; D010455:Peptides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019311:Staurosporine; D002118:Calcium