title: [Pneumonia in immunocompromised patients: the value of non-biopsy bronchoscopic examination procedures in the diagnosis of pathogens].
abstract: Bronchoscopy was performed on 101 immunocompromised patients with fever and pulmonary infiltrates. Underlying diseases were mainly hematological malignancies. In 71% of cases, etiology of pneumonia was clarified by nonbioptic bronchoscopic methods (bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial secretions, protected specimen brush). In 51% of cases, empirical antibiotic treatment was modified following bronchoscopy. In patients with early bronchoscopy a better prognosis regarding healing and survival was observed than in those cases, where bronchoscopy was performed later during pneumonia. Bronchoalveolar lavage was particularly suited for diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii and pneumonia due to viruses or Legionella. Sensitivity and specificity of bronchoscopy were lower for diagnosis of mycotic pneumonia and of Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Eiff
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steimann
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: van Husen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Walger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baumgart
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fegeler
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Junge
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baumeister
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wilms
mesh_terms: D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D001706:Biopsy; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000032:analysis*; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007877:Legionnaires' Disease / Q000175:diagnosis; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology*; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000175:diagnosis; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis
vernacular_title: Pneumonien bei abwehrgeschwächten Patienten: Stellenwert nicht bioptischer bronchoskopischer Untersuchungsverfahren in der Erregerdiagnostik.