Toxicities of trichosanthin and alpha-momorcharin, abortifacient proteins from Chinese medicinal plants, on cultured tumor cell lines.
Trichosanthin and alpha-momorcharin are abortifacient proteins extracted from Chinese medicinal herbs. Study of their in vitro cytotoxicities showed that the two proteins selectively injured choriocarcinoma and melanoma cells. Hepatoma cells represented the most resistant cell line among the various cell lines investigated. Cytotoxicity profiles of trichosanthin and alpha-momorcharin differed from those of anti-cancer drugs which interfere with DNA metabolism such as cisplatin, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil. Radioactive precursor incorporation studies suggested that the two abortifacient proteins inhibited cellular protein synthesis. The marked decrease in secretion of human chorionic gonadotrophin and progesterone by choriocarcinoma cells after treatment with the proteins could be attributed mainly to loss of cells.
Tsao
S W
SW
Department of Anatomy, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin.
Ng
T B
TB
Yeung
H W
HW
D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002822:Choriocarcinoma; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000378:metabolism; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000633:toxicity*; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D008545:Melanoma; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000633:toxicity; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000633:toxicity*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D054788:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins; D015978:Trichosanthin / Q000633:toxicity*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D011374:Progesterone; D015978:Trichosanthin; C039582:MMC protein, Momordica charantia; D054788:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D008727:Methotrexate