High-carbohydrate, high-fiber diets increase peripheral insulin sensitivity in healthy young and old adults.
To examine extra-alimentary effects of high-carbohydrate, high-fiber (HCF) diets, insulin-mediated glucose disposal employing the euglycemic clamp and hepatic glucose output (HGO) employing [6,6-2H2]glucose were measured in 12 healthy young and old individuals before and after 21-28 d of an HCF diet. Diet lowered fasting concentrations of glucose from 5.3 +/- 0.2 to 5.1 +/- 0.1 mmol/L (p less than 0.01) and insulin from 66.0 +/- 7.9 to 49.5 +/- 5.7 pmol/L (p less than 0.01). Fasting serum cholesterol decreased from 5.17 +/- 0.18 to 3.80 +/- 0.20 mmol/L (p less than 0.01) in young individuals and from 6.15 +/- 0.52 to 4.99 +/- 0.49 mmol/L (p less than 0.01) in elderly individuals. Fasting serum triglyceride concentrations, basal HGO, and insulin suppression of HGO were unchanged by the diet. Glucose disposal rates increased from 18.87 +/- 1.66 before 23.87 +/- 2.78 mumol.kg-1.min-1 after the diet (p less than 0.02). Therefore, HCF diets may improve carbohydrate economy by enhanced peripheral sensitivity to insulin.
Fukagawa
N K
NK
Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.
Anderson
J W
JW
Hageman
G
G
Young
V R
VR
Minaker
K L
KL
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D005947:Glucose