title: Effects of whole cottonseed and live yeast culture on ruminal fermentation and fluid passage rate in steers.
abstract: The effects of adding whole cottonseed (WCS) and live yeast culture (YC) to a diet of 60% alfalfa and 40% concentrate on ruminal fermentation and liquid dilution rate in steers were examined in two trials. Twelve ruminally cannulated Hereford steers (approximately 420 kg) were used. Concentrates were 1) a basal grain mix composed of ground corn, ground barley and rice bran, 2) basal mix with 10% WCS, 3) basal mix with 1.6% YC and 4) basal mix with 10% WCS and 1.6% YC. No differences were detected (P greater than .10) in ruminal pH of steers fed WCS or YC in either trial. Ruminal ammonia levels tended to be higher (P greater than .10) in steers fed WCS. Acetate was higher and butyrate was lower in steers receiving 10% WCS (P less than .10) compared with controls. Molar proportions of acetate and butyrate increased while propionate decreased (P less than .05) over time after feeding. Intake and apparent digestibility of dry matter was not influenced by treatments. Whole cottonseed and(or) YC appear to have minimal effects on ruminal fermentation, but they might alter ruminal liquid passage rate with diets containing 60% ground alfalfa and 40% concentrate.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anim. and Range Sci., New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Malcolm
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Kiesling
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D003369:Cottonseed Oil; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003369:Cottonseed Oil; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D000641:Ammonia