title: Communication between protein tyrosine and protein serine/threonine phosphorylation.
abstract: In the present article, we have reviewed several promising areas of research, the results of which support the existence of enzymatic cascades linking extracellular growth factor receptor/tyrosine kinases with intracellular serine/threonine kinases. Proceeding either "upstream" from select serine/threonine kinases or "downstream" from the receptors, characterization of both the distal and proximal elements of these cascades is yielding insights into the multiple pathways of signal transduction. It is anticipated that future work will define the intermediate effectors in these cascades and provide us with a clear understanding of the biochemical mechanisms underlying intracellular responses to extracellular signals.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Weiel
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seger
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Krebs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D038601:Ribosomal Protein S6; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D038601:Ribosomal Protein S6; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3