title: Independent regulation of mouse VL30 retrotransposon expression in response to serum and oncogenic cell transformation.
abstract: The nucleotide sequence of the long terminal repeats (LTRs) of retrovirus-transmissible mouse VL30 cDNA clones, NVL-1 and NVL-2 were determined and compared with that of the prototype NVL-3. Both shared the typical U3 R U5 structure together with unusual features of redundancy in the tRNAgly primer binding site and adjacent inverted repeat. NVL-1 and NVL-2 LTRs were almost identical and differed from the NVL-3 LTR in the U3 domain harbouring transcriptional regulatory determinants. S1 nuclease analysis of cellular and virus-encapsidated RNA suggested that NVL-1/2 and NVL-3 elements retrotranspose with comparable efficiency but that in contrast to transformation-regulated VL30 expression which affects all types of NVL element, only NVL-1/2 elements were found to be serum responsive. Both modes of VL30 regulation were found to be coupled through protein kinase C-independent pathways. Expression of N-ras transactivated U3 enhancer determinants in all classes of LTR. However the same region of NVL-1/2 LTR did not confer serum responsiveness implying that cis regulatory determinants of VL30 elements mediating growth factor responsiveness are at least in part dissociable from those responsible for cell transformation-regulated expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eaton
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Norton
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001769:Blood; D002460:Cell Line; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009857:Oncogenes; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004247:DNA