title: Effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor, ONO-2235, insulin and their combination on the altered responsiveness to the nerve stimulation and agonists of the isolated atria of diabetic rats.
abstract: To determine the effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) on diabetes-induced cardiac autonomic nerves disturbance, we examined the effects of ONO-2235, an ARI, as well as insulin on the responsiveness to the nerve stimulation and agonists of the isolated atria of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Insulin, 4 U/animal/day, was administered s.c. for 4 weeks before the experiment and ARI (ONO-2235), 40 mg/kg/day, was administered p.o. 3 weeks before the experiment. The transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) of sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerve was performed in the presence of atropine and metoprolol plus prazocin, respectively. The positive chronotropic and the inotropic responses of the atria to sympathetic TNS and to norepinephrine decreased in the rats diabetic for 8 and 12 weeks. In the rats diabetic for 8 weeks, the insulin treatment restored completely both the positive chronotropic and the inotropic responses to sympathetic TNS, whereas the ARI treatment partially improved the positive chronotropic response and did not improve the positive inotropic response. In the rats diabetic for 12 weeks, the insulin treatment partially improved the positive chronotropic and the inotropic responses to sympathetic TNS, whereas the ARI treatment only slightly improved the positive chronotropic response and did not improve the positive inotropic response to TNS. The combination treatment with insulin and ARI restored completely both the positive chronotropic and the inotropic responses in the rats diabetic for 12 weeks. In rats diabetic for both 8 and 12 weeks, the decreased positive chronotropic and the inotropic responses to norepinephrine recovered completely with the insulin treatment, but did not with the ARI treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takiguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012236:Rhodanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053778:Thiazolidines
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013844:Thiazoles; D053778:Thiazolidines; C038131:epalrestat; D012236:Rhodanine; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D009638:Norepinephrine