title: Comparison of contractile responses of the guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle to ethanol and GABAA agonists.
abstract: The guinea pig ileum myenteric plexus contains GABAA receptors linked to chloride ion channels which are pharmacologically similar to those in the central nervous system. The present study examined the reported ability of acute ethanol treatment to directly activate GABAA receptors or to increase GABAA agonist-mediated activation of the GABAA receptor in the myenteric plexus. Direct addition of ethanol to preparations of the guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle had two effects. Immediately after ethanol (10-300 mM) was added to the tissue bath a concentration-related contractile response was observed which became maximal within 10 sec and then decayed over the next 60 sec. Contractile responses to higher concentrations of ethanol (greater than 100 mM) also were followed by a sustained reduction of longitudinal muscle tone. Contractions evoked by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABAA agonists, 3-aminopropane sulfonic acid (APSA) (3-100 microM) or muscimol (0.3-30 microM) developed maximally and decayed within 20 sec. Acetylcholine (0.01-10 microM) induced contractions were sustained over several minutes. Preincubation of tissue strips in ethanol (30 mM) for 1 min did not alter concentration relationships for GABA, muscimol or APSA contractile responses. Furthermore, addition of ethanol (10-100 mM) simultaneously with APSA, or 0.5, 2 or 5 min before the addition of APSA, also failed to consistently enhance contractile responses. Ethanol (30 mM) also did not alter desensitization-induced reductions in contractile responses to muscimol (3 microM) caused by preincubation of tissues with muscimol (1 microM). Finally, contractile responses to ethanol and APSA were completely blocked by atropine (0.1 microM) and tetrodotoxin (0.1 microM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station 77843.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Frye
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fincher
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorenzetti
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trzeciakowski
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Griffith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001640:Bicuculline / Q000494:pharmacology; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D010852:Picrotoxin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000187:drug effects*; D054830:Sesterterpenes; D013654:Taurine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001285:Atropine; D001640:Bicuculline; D002712:Chlorides; D000431:Ethanol; D009118:Muscimol; D010424:Pentobarbital; D010852:Picrotoxin; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D054830:Sesterterpenes; D013654:Taurine; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; C001355:tramiprosate; C022961:picrotoxinin