title: Factors influencing precipitation of pH-adjusted bupivacaine solutions.
abstract: Solutions of bupivacaine precipitate when bicarbonate is added. This limits the clinical use of pH-adjustment in optimizing bupivacaine activity. In this study four different bupivacaine solutions were studied with the addition of sodium bicarbonate at 4 degrees C or 20 degrees C. Bupivacaine concentrations remained unchanged after pH-adjustment. Least crystallization was observed with bupivacaine solutions containing a small amount of sodium bicarbonate and stored at 4 degrees C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Paris-Sud, Hospital Antoine Beclere, Clamart, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bourget
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bonhomme
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benhamou
mesh_terms: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000032:analysis*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D002621:Chemistry; D003460:Crystallization; D004356:Drug Storage; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D012964:Sodium; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D012996:Solutions; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D012996:Solutions; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D012964:Sodium; D002045:Bupivacaine