title: Inhibition of antigen-induced and interleukin-2-induced proliferation of bovine peripheral blood leukocytes by inactivated bovine herpes virus 1.
abstract: The mechanism by which bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) predisposes cattle to bacterial pneumonia was investigated by using an in vitro system to demonstrate immunosuppression. At a multiplicity of infection of 0.001, live or inactivated BHV-1 induced a 50% inhibition of the proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes to antigen (vaccinia virus in vaccinia virus-immunized cattle which were BHV-1 negative) or interleukin-2. At this same multiplicity of infection, the mitogen-induced proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes was unaffected. This inhibition of antigen and interleukin-2-induced proliferative responses could not be reversed by the addition of excess amounts of interleukin-2 and could not be prevented by the addition of indomethacin to block prostaglandin production. Antibodies to BHV-1, especially those specific for glycoproteins gI and gIV, were able to block the inhibitory effect of BHV-1 in these in vitro assays. These results showed that antibody to BHV-1 blocks the immunosuppressive effect of the virus in vitro and suggested that an appropriate antibody response to BHV-1 could protect cattle from virus-induced immunosuppression leading to secondary bacterial pneumonia.
authors.affiliation: Health of Animals Laboratory, Agriculture Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hutchings
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qualtiere
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Babiuk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002417:Cattle; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007213:Indomethacin