title: Genotoxicity studies on the organophosphorus insecticide chloracetophone.
abstract: Chloracetophone (O,O-dimethyl-2,2,2-trichloro-1-(chloroacetoxy)phosphonate), a new insecticide of the organophosphorus group of pesticides, was tested for genotoxicity in a variety of systems with different genetic end-points and varying parameters. The test systems included 2 microbial systems, Salmonella and Aspergillus for point mutations and mitotic segregation, respectively, and human lymphocyte cultures and mammalian bone marrow cells (from rats and hamsters treated acutely and subacutely) for chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei. Chloracetophone was negative in Aspergillus at concentrations of 1-500 micrograms/ml, in human lymphocyte cultures at concentrations of 2.5-40 micrograms/ml, in rats at doses of 420-21 mg/kg b.w. and in hamsters at doses of 210-42 mg/kg b.w. for chromosomal aberrations. It did not cause any increase of micronuclei in human lymphocytes and rat bone marrow cells but did cause a significant increase in hamster bone marrow cells. Chloracetophone induced base-pair substitutions in strain TA100 of Salmonella with and without metabolic activation at a concentration range of 2000-6000 micrograms/plate.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, National Research Center, Democritus, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kappas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vachkova
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lalchev
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tzoneva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000187:drug effects; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009153:Mutagens; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; C044491:chloracetophon