title: Oral vaccination of mice against tetanus by use of a live attenuated Salmonella carrier.
abstract: A Salmonella typhimurium aroA mutant has been used as a live carrier to immunize mice against tetanus. Plasmid pTETtac4, which expresses a 50-kilodalton fragment of tetanus toxin (fragment C) under the control of the tac promoter, was introduced into SL3261 aroA. When used as a live vaccine and administered orally or intravenously, this strain was able to induce protective immunity in mice against a lethal tetanus toxin challenge. When plasmid pTETtac2, which contains the lacI gene, was used, no immunity was obtained, indicating that the expression of fragment C was repressed in vivo. We believe that this is the first example of a successful oral vaccination that uses an attenuated bacterial carrier to deliver a protective antigen derived from tetanus toxin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Wellcome Biotechnology, Ltd., Beckenham, Kent, England.
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Fairweather
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Chatfield
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Makoff
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Strugnell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bester
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Maskell
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dougan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D051379:Mice; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D012097:Repressor Proteins; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D014612:Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic