title: Alkalinisation of prilocaine for intravenous regional anaesthesia. Suitability for clinical use.
abstract: Eighty unpremedicated patients undergoing day-case hand surgery under intravenous regional anaesthesia were randomly allocated to receive, in a double-blind study, either 40 ml 0.75% prilocaine hydrochloride, with 5 ml 8.4% sodium bicarbonate or 5 ml 0.9% saline. The alkalinised group had significantly less pain on injection (p = 0.0045), during surgery (p = 0.0074) and 5 minutes after the tourniquet was deflated (p = 0.0027). The time elapsed between insertion of the block and commencement of surgery was not affected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Edinburgh University, Royal Infirmary Edinburgh.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watters
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Whitfield
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000009:adverse effects; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012964:Sodium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D014111:Tourniquets
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D011318:Prilocaine; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D012964:Sodium