title: A new mechanism-based inhibitor of photosynthetic water oxidation: acetone hydrazone. 2. Kinetic probes.
abstract: The mechanism of photosynthetic water oxidation in spinach was investigated with a newly developed inhibitor of the water-oxidizing complex, acetone hydrazone (AceH), (CH3)2CNNH2 [Tso, J., Petrouleas, V., & Dismukes, G.C. (1990) Biochemistry (preceding paper in this issue)], by using fluorescence induction and single-turnover flashes to monitor O2 yield and thermoluminescence intensity. AceH binds slowly (1-3 min) in the dark to the S1 (resting) oxidation state of the water-oxidizing complex in thylakoids and PSII membranes. Once bound, it causes a two-flash delay in the pattern of O2 release seen in a train of flashes. This is initiated by reduction of manganese in the S2 oxidation state of the complex in a fast reaction (less than 0.5 s). In thylakoid membranes which have been partially inhibited at low AceH concentrations (less than 2 mM) the inhibition can be reversed by a single flash and a subsequent dark period. This behavior can be explained by two sequential one-electron oxidation steps: S1.AceHhv----S2.AceH in equilibrium S1.AceH+hv----S2.AceH+----S1 + AceH2+ Dissociation of the unobserved radical intermediate, AceH+, from S1 is proposed to account for the recovery from inhibition after one flash. In contrast, recovery from inhibition after a single flash is not observed in detergent-isolated PSII membranes or in intact thylakoid membranes at higher AceH concentrations (greater than 2 mM), where the two-flash delay in O2 release is seen. This suggests either a concerted two-electron process, S2----S0, or tight binding of AceH+ to S1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vass
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tso
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Dismukes
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005453:Fluorescence; D006835:Hydrazones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006835:Hydrazones; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D014867:Water; D000096:Acetone; D008345:Manganese; C066837:acetone hydrazone; D010100:Oxygen