title: Glycine-evoked neurotransmitter release from rat hippocampal brain slices: evidence for the involvement of glutaminergic transmission.
abstract: Glycine caused a concentration-dependent evoked release of [3H]norepinephrine from rat hippocampal brain slices. Other amino acids evoked [3H]norepinephrine release with a rank order of potency: L-serine greater than or equal to glycine greater than beta-alanine greater than D-serine. Strychnine inhibited [3H]norepinephrine release evoked by both glycine and L-serine, but was less effective in inhibiting the release evoked by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and kainic acid. Inhibitors of the NMDA receptor/ionophore complex, MK-801, CPP and Mg++, as well as the strychnine-insensitive glycine receptor antagonist, HA-966, caused an incomplete inhibition (maximum approximately 60%) of glycine-evoked [3H]norepinephrine release. The potencies with which MK-801, CPP and Mg++ inhibited glycine- and NMDA-evoked [3H]norepinephrine release were very similar. The combination of MK-801 plus kynurenic acid, a nonselective glutamate receptor antagonist, caused no greater inhibition of glycine-evoked release than MK-801, alone. omega-Conotoxin GVIA, an inhibitor of neuronal L- and N-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels, inhibited glycine-evoked [3H]norepinephrine release by approximately 50%, whereas the L-channel inhibitor PN 200-110 had no significant effect. The combination of MK-801 plus omega-conotoxin GVIA caused only a slightly greater inhibition (P greater than .05) of glycine-evoked release than MK-801 alone. Tetrodotoxin inhibited glycine-evoked release of [3H]norepinephrine by approximately 75%. The inhibitory effects of tetrodotoxin and omega-conotoxin GVIA suggest that voltage-sensitive sodium channels and N-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels are important mediators of glycine-evoked release of [3H]norepinephrine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, ICI Pharmaceuticals Group, ICI Americas Inc., Wilmington, Delaware.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Mangano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Salama
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Keith
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000502:physiology; D005998:Glycine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008978:Mollusk Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000187:drug effects*; D020866:omega-Conotoxin GVIA
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015220:Calcium Channels; D008978:Mollusk Venoms; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; D020866:omega-Conotoxin GVIA; C001369:1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone; D008274:Magnesium; D005998:Glycine; D009638:Norepinephrine