title: [Activity of azithromycin and roxithromycin alone or in combination against Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium xenopi].
abstract: The effect of two new macrolides, azithromycin and roxithromycin used either alone or in combination with amikacin rifabutine and 1.25 (HO)2 vitamin D3 was examined in vitro. Macrophage monolayers infected with M. avium complex or M. xenopi were treated with antibiotics or 1.25 (OH)2 vitamin D3 by using different protocols: antibiotics or 1.25 (OH)2 vitamin D3 was added to the macrophage monolayers immediately after infection and released by washing out after 24 h; antibiotics or 1.25 (OH)2 vitamin D3 was replenished daily for 4 days; or infected macrophage monolayers were treated with antibiotics plus vitamin D3 for 4 consecutive days. Treatment for 24 h resulted in an inhibition of growth. After treating the macrophage monolayers with the four antibiotics alone or in combination for 4 consecutive days intracellular killing of mycobacteria was observed and the combinations were significantly more lethal than antibiotics alone. The mycobactericidal effect was enhanced when vitamin D3 was added to the culture.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie Hygiène et Epidémiologie Hospitalière, Marseille.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gevaudan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bollet
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Mallet
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gulian
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tissot-Dupont
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Micco
mesh_terms: D017963:Azithromycin; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000187:drug effects*; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000187:drug effects*; D015575:Roxithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002762:Cholecalciferol; D015575:Roxithromycin; D004917:Erythromycin; D017963:Azithromycin
vernacular_title: Etude de l'activité de l'azithromycine et de la roxithromycine seules et en associations vis-à-vis de Mycobacterium avium et de Mycobacterium xenopi.