title: Occurrence of 222Rn and progeny in natural gas processing plants in western Canada.
abstract: In Western Canada, there are many plants that process natural gas to remove impurities (CO2, H2S, H2O) and recover natural gas liquids (propane, butane, etc.). Trace quantities of 222Rn present in the inlet stream are concentrated in streams rich with propane. Potential hazards to plant operators include direct inhalation of 222Rn and progeny; exposure to gamma radiation from short-lived progeny deposited inside equipment; or inhalation of 210Pb when contaminated equipment is opened for repair. Twenty-four plants operated by seven companies cooperated to assess these potential hazards. The findings indicate a substantial flux of 222Rn and progeny passing through the plants, but little accumulation of radionuclides. In no case was there evidence of significant exposure of plant operators or maintenance personnel to ionizing radiation. Further investigation of pipeline operations, and chemical operations using natural gas liquids as feed stock, is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Imperial Oil Limited, Calgary, Alta, Canada.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boucher
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bradford
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reczek
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thunem
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth / Q000032:analysis; D002170:Canada; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005579:Fossil Fuels / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D011059:Polonium / Q000032:analysis; D011874:Radiometry; D011886:Radon / Q000032:analysis*; D017687:Radon Daughters
chemical_list: D005579:Fossil Fuels; D017687:Radon Daughters; D007854:Lead; D011059:Polonium; D011886:Radon; D001729:Bismuth