title: Chemical disinfection of hepatitis A virus on environmental surfaces.
abstract: Hepatitis A virus disinfection was assessed on contaminated stainless-steel disks. Ten microliters of fecally suspended hepatitis A virus was deposited on the center of each disk, dried for 20 min, and then covered with 20 microliters of the test product for 1 min. Of the 20 formulations tested, only 2% glutaraldehyde, a quaternary ammonium formulation containing 23% HCl (toilet bowl cleaner), and sodium hypochlorite (greater than 5,000 ppm [greater than 5,000 micrograms/ml] of free chlorine) reduced the virus titer by greater than 99.9%; phenolics, iodine-based products, alcohols, and solutions of acetic, peracetic, citric, and phosphoric acids were unable to do so.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Mbithi
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Springthorpe
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sattar
mesh_terms: D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005976:Glutaral / Q000494:pharmacology; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000517:prevention & control; D006507:Hepatovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D013499:Surface Properties; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid; D005976:Glutaral