title: Effect of prolonged hypothermic ischaemia on myocardial sarcoplasmic reticular calcium transport.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the effects of hypothermia on sarcoplasmic reticulum in myocardium subjected to prolonged ischaemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Calcium regulatory activity of myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum was measured in hearts subjected to various periods of hypothermic ischaemia in comparison with hearts subjected to normothermic ischaemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hearts (n = 5-9 per experiment) were obtained from male New Zealand white rabbits, 2.0-2.8 kg weight.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Calcium uptake and calcium dependent ATPase activity were measured in isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles after hypothermic ischaemia was produced by immersing hearts in saline at 4 degrees C for 3, 6, or 12 h. Normothermic hearts were immersed for 3 h at 37 degrees C. Calcium uptake and calcium dependent ATPase (Ca-ATPase) activity were markedly inhibited by normothermic ischaemia. In hypothermic ischaemia, calcium uptake was only slightly depressed after 3 h, though longer periods of ischaemia resulted in significant depression of uptake. Ca-ATPase activity was unaffected after 6 h of hypothermic ischaemia. The ratio of calcium uptake to Ca-ATPase activity decreased after 3 h of hypothermic ischaemia. The phosphoenzyme concentration in sarcoplasmic reticulum was unaffected up to 6 h. The ratio of Ca-ATPase activity to phosphoenzyme concentration was not significantly altered until 12 h. Protein composition, examined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, showed a decrease in 100,000 dalton polypeptide in normothermic ischaemia and after 12 h of hypothermic ischaemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the depression of calcium uptake activity after 6 h of hypothermic ischaemia is likely to be due to uncoupling of calcium transport from ATP hydrolysis. Depressed Ca-ATPase activity at 12 h can be attributed to a reduction in the number of active calcium pump units. Hypothermia preserves function of myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum during ischaemia for up to 3 h.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010770:Phosphotransferases; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium