title: Role of Na+/H+ exchange in the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent growth of a leukemic cell line.
abstract: The growth of the human leukemia cell line AML-193 in a serum-free medium is strictly dependent on the presence of the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which is one of the major regulators of the myelomonocytic lineage. At present, little is known about the mechanisms by which this growth factor transduces the signal intracellularly. The results of this study demonstrate that GM-CSF needs the operation of a Na+/H+ exchanger, which is located in the plasma membrane of almost every vertebrate cell. In fact, the GM-CSF-dependent proliferation of AML-193 cells is strongly reduced in the presence of the amiloride analog EIPA, a specific inhibitor of the Na+/H+ exchanger. When acidified, AML-193 cells are able to recover the original pHi in a Na(+)-dependent and EIPA-inhibitable way; this demonstrates for the first time the presence of the Na+/H+ exchanger in these cells. Finally, GM-CSF, at doses superimposable to those needed for triggering proliferation, induces in AML-193 cells a sustained alkalinization, which is dependent on a operating Na+/H+ exchange, as it is inhibited by EIPA. These results suggest that GM-CSF, like other growth factors in other cell systems, exerts its mitogenic activity in AML-193 cells by inducing a Na+/H+ exchanger-mediated rise in pHi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Experimental Oncology, University of Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caracciolo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pannocchia
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Treves
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ghigo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tarella
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bussolino
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turrini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tamponi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bosia
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000473:pathology*; D008985:Monensin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; C039465:5-dimethylamiloride; D000584:Amiloride; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D008985:Monensin