title: CC Ar GG boxes, cis-acting elements with a dual specificity. Muscle-specific transcriptional activation and serum responsiveness.
abstract: The influence of different CC Ar GG boxes derived from either muscle-specific or serum-responsive genes, on the specificity of different promoters has been investigated. Inserted upstream from an 85 base-pair long minimal promoter of the human cardiac alpha-actin gene, a single copy of both the cognate CC Ar GG element (HCA1) and the c-fos gene serum response element (SRE) stimulate transcription four- to fivefold more efficiently in C2 myogenic cells than in L fibroblastic cells, SRE being two- to threefold more active than HCA1. Inserted upstream from the ubiquitous Herpes simplex thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) promoter, multimerized CC Ar GG boxes behave as strong muscle-specific activating elements, about 20-fold more active in myogenic C2 cells than in L fibroblasts and hepatoma HepG2 cells. They also confer serum responsiveness on the HSV-tk promoter. Efficiency of HCA1 and SRE tetramers in conferring both muscle specificity and serum responsiveness is roughly similar. It appears, therefore, that regardless of their origin (either muscle-specific or serum-responsive genes) CC Ar GG boxes behave by themselves as both muscle-specific activating and serum-responsive elements.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherches en Génétique et Pathologie Moléculaires, INSERM U. 129, Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire, Paris, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tuil
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Clergue
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Montarras
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pinset
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Phan-Dinh-Tuy
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001769:Blood; D002460:Cell Line; D003596:Cytosine; D005796:Genes; D006147:Guanine; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D026362:Serum Response Factor; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D026362:Serum Response Factor; D006147:Guanine; D003596:Cytosine; D013937:Thymidine Kinase