title: [Diffuse axonal damages to the brain (the clinical picture, diagnosis and outcome)].
abstract: On the basis of complex clinical, computed tomographic, catamnestic, and pathomorphological examination of 336 patients with severe cerebrocranial injury the authors substantiate the need to distinguish, along with localized contusions and intracranial hematomas, diffuse axonal injuries of the brain whose biomechanics and pathogenesis are linked with trauma of angular or rotational acceleration-deceleration. The clinical manifestations and the course of diffuse axonal injuries are characterized by protracted coma occurring immediately after the injury with marked disorders of stem functions, postural motor reactions, slow recovery from coma, with the formation of a stable or transitory vegetative state, the development of syndromes of disconnection of the cerebral hemispheres and the brain stem, and severe invalidization of the patients due to mental and neurological deficits.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Potapov
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Likhterman
authors.forename: S Iu
authors.initials: SIu
authors.lastname: Kasumova
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Dobrokhotova
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Bragina
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chabulov
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Piasetskaia
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Banin
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Loshakov
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Amirhanian
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003128:Coma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005596:Fractures, Closed / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
vernacular_title: Diffuznye aksonal'nye povrezhdeniia golovnogo mozga (klinika, diagnostika i iskhody).