Predicting type I diabetes.
Currently, there are three markers that are being studied with the potential to give a high positive predictive value for the development of type I diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes caused by autoimmune beta-cell destruction) and that can be utilized to predict the disease in susceptible relatives: 1) high-titer cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies, 2) insulin autoantibodies detected with fluid-phase radiobinding assays, and 3) first-phase insulin release after intravenous glucose less than 1st percentile. With the combination of these assays, it seems to be possible to identify first-degree relatives with a high probability of developing type I diabetes within a limited time span (i.e., less than 10 yr). The ability to predict type I diabetes with selected assays will allow trials for prevention of diabetes and trials to assess whether prediction will decrease morbidity and mortality at onset of diabetes.
Ziegler
A G
AG
Joslin Diabetes Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.
Herskowitz
R D
RD
Jackson
R A
RA
Soeldner
J S
JS
Eisenbarth
G S
GS
D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology
D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D005819:Genetic Markers; D007330:Insulin Antibodies; C024211:islet cell antibody