Imaging of DNA sequences with chemiluminescence.
We have coupled a chemiluminescent detection method that uses an alkaline phosphatase label to the genomic DNA sequencing protocol of Church and Gilbert [Church, G. M. & Gilbert, W. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 1991-1995]. Images of sequence ladders are obtained on x-ray film with exposure times of less than 30 min, as compared to 40 h required for a similar exposure with a 32P-labeled oligomer. Chemically cleaved DNA from a sequencing gel is transferred to a nylon membrane, and specific sequence ladders are selected by hybridization to DNA oligonucleotides labeled with alkaline phosphatase or with biotin, leading directly or indirectly to deposition of enzyme. If a biotinylated probe is used, an incubation with avidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate follows. The membrane is soaked in the chemiluminescent substrate (AMPPD) and is exposed to film. Dephosphorylation of AMPPD leads in a two-step pathway to a highly localized emission of visible light. The demonstrated shorter exposure times may improve the efficiency of a serial reprobing strategy such as the multiplex sequencing approach of Church and Kieffer-Higgins [Church, G. M. & Kieffer-Higgins, S. (1988) Science 240, 185-188].
Tizard
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Biogen, Inc., 14 Cambridge Center, MA 02142.
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Ramachandran
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Wysk
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Voyta
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Murphy
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Bronstein
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D000218:Adamantane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D010957:Plasmids
D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; C061523:3-(2'-spiroadamantane)-4-methoxy-4-(3''-phosphoryloxy)phenyl-1,2-dioxetane; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D004247:DNA; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000218:Adamantane