Quality management science in clinical chemistry: a dynamic framework for continuous improvement of quality.
Current quality assurance approaches will not be adequate to satisfy the needs for quality in the next decade. Quality management science (QMS), as evolving in industry today, provides the dynamic framework necessary to provide continuous improvement of quality. QMS emphasizes the importance of defining quality goals based on the needs and expectations (implied needs) of customers. The laboratory can develop customer-friendly goals and measures of quality by recognizing that customers' experiences are represented by a totality of results. Quality goals and measures are best communicated as "total performance" by specifying a limit and percentile of the distribution, rather than a mean and standard deviation. Application of quality goals within the laboratory will usually require partitioning the total performance goal into components and translating those components into specifications to guide the operation and management of production processes. QMS also extends beyond technical processes to people processes and provides guidance for improving the quality of worklife and caring for the laboratory's most essential resource--our people.
Westgard
J O
JO
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792.
Burnett
R W
RW
Bowers
G N
GN
D002624:Chemistry, Clinical / Q000592:standards*; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards*; D008332:Management Quality Circles; D011786:Quality Control; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results