Effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in iatrogenic myelosuppression, bone marrow failure, and regulation of host defense.
In early studies, recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been found to reduce the depth and duration of granulocytopenia in the settings of cancer chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation. In patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or aplastic anemia. GM-CSF has produced increased marrow cellularity and marked leukocyte responses, and multilineage effects have been observed in some patients. The available data suggest that the use of GM-CSF in these settings is associated with a decreased incidence of infection as compared with that in historical controls or pretreatment periods and that it may enhance the ability to deliver optimal doses of cancer chemotherapy. Other findings suggest that GM-CSF may be useful in regulating host response to infection when used in combination with antimicrobial therapy in neutropenic patients. However, a precise determination of the ability of this agent to significantly affect patient morbidity or mortality in these various contexts awaits the results of larger, longer-term, randomized, controlled trials.
Department of Clinical Immunology and Biological Therapy, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston 07730.
J
J
Gutterman
S
S
Vadhan-Raj
C
C
Logothetis
E
E
Anaissle
E
E
Estey
M
M
Talpaz
R
R
Kurzrock
D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006087:Graft vs Host Reaction / Q000187:drug effects*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy*
D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor