Human immunodeficiency virus and the fetus.
About 2 percent of current cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are among patients less than 13 years of age. When a woman infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) becomes pregnant, her neonate has approximately a 40 percent chance of becoming infected vertically in the perinatal period. Experience in detecting HIV-infected pregnant women and in diagnosing their affected neonates has been less than satisfactory. In this review, the epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment-prevention of perinatal HIV infection are discussed.
Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia 30912.
J L
JL
Fletcher
D000328:Adult; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005194:Family Practice / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010500:Perinatology / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors