Mode-specific effects among three treatments for depression.
In the NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program (TDCRP), 250 depressed outpatients were randomly assigned to interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, imipramine plus clinical management, or pill placebo plus clinical management treatments. Although all treatments demonstrated significant symptom reduction with few differences in general outcomes, an important question concerned possible effects specific to each treatment. The therapies differ in rationale and procedures, suggesting that mode-specific effects may differ among treatments, each of which was precisely specified, applied appropriately, and shown to be discriminable. Outcome measures were selected for presumed sensitivity to the different treatments. Findings provided only scattered and relatively insubstantial support for mode-specific differences. None of the therapies produced consistent effects on measures related to its theoretical origins.
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pennsylvania 15213.
S D
SD
Imber
P A
PA
Pilkonis
S M
SM
Sotsky
I
I
Elkin
J T
JT
Watkins
J F
JF
Collins
M T
MT
Shea
W R
WR
Leber
D R
DR
Glass
D000328:Adult; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007099:Imipramine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011613:Psychotherapy
D007099:Imipramine