Superficial thrombophlebitis. I. Primary hypercoagulable states.
This review concentrates on those disorders in which superficial thrombophlebitis can be a significant or presenting clinical sign. Primary hypercoagulable states are those conditions associated with an increased risk of thrombosis caused by a specific measurable defect in the proteins of coagulation and/or fibrinolytic systems. These disorders are frequently inherited and include deficiencies of antithrombin III, heparin cofactor 2, protein C, protein S, abnormal fibrinolytic activity, dysfibrinogenemia, and Hageman trait. Patients with a lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody syndrome with thrombotic episodes are also considered to have a primary hypercoagulable state. The physiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment of primary hypercoagulable states are reviewed.
Dermatology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
C P
CP
Samlaska
W D
WD
James
D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000502:physiology; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy