Predicting type I diabetes.
Currently, there are three markers that are being studied with the potential to give a high positive predictive value for the development of type I diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes caused by autoimmune beta-cell destruction) and that can be utilized to predict the disease in susceptible relatives: 1) high-titer cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies, 2) insulin autoantibodies detected with fluid-phase radiobinding assays, and 3) first-phase insulin release after intravenous glucose less than 1st percentile. With the combination of these assays, it seems to be possible to identify first-degree relatives with a high probability of developing type I diabetes within a limited time span (i.e., less than 10 yr). The ability to predict type I diabetes with selected assays will allow trials for prevention of diabetes and trials to assess whether prediction will decrease morbidity and mortality at onset of diabetes.
Joslin Diabetes Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.
A G
AG
Ziegler
R D
RD
Herskowitz
R A
RA
Jackson
J S
JS
Soeldner
G S
GS
Eisenbarth
D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology
D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D005819:Genetic Markers; D007330:Insulin Antibodies; C024211:islet cell antibody