Interrelationships of dietary sodium, potassium and chloride on growth in young swine.
In a preliminary experiment, pigs fed a purified diet gained at the same rate as pigs fed a natural ingredient diet if the purified diet was formulated to provide 150% of the Na, K and Cl requirements. Subsequent experiments were designed to determine the interrelationships of dietary Na, K and Cl. Pigs were fed diets with Na (.03% to .60%), K (.1% to 1.0%) and Cl (.03% to .60%) levels arranged in a three-factor central composite design. Over the range of Na levels, predicted gain increased by .07 kg/d. Within this dietary range no interactions between Na and K or Na and Cl were observed, but changes in growth due to dietary K level were dependent on the dietary Cl level. Using canonical analysis of the response surface, a minimax of the observed K and Cl interaction was calculated to be .57% K and .27% Cl. An imbalance of dietary K and Cl was predicted to depress gain, and an increase in gain was predicted by a 1:1 addition of K and Cl above or below the minimax. The results of a third experiment failed to confirm that additions of K and Cl in a 1:1 ratio above the minimax altered gain (P greater than .10). Experiment 4 confirmed that an imbalance of K and Cl altered growth of pigs. At .1% K, an increase in dietary Cl from .03% to .57% depressed gain by .07 kg/d; at 1.1% K the same increase in dietary Cl improved gain by .16 kg/d (P less than .07). These results suggest that dietary K and Cl levels have an interactive effect on pig growth.
Dept. of Meat and Anim. Sci., University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
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Golz
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Crenshaw
D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D002712:Chlorides; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D011188:Potassium