title: The distribution of immunoreactive interferon-alpha in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded normal human foetal and infant tissues.
abstract: Human foetal and infant tissues were studied to test the hypothesis that microbes have a role in switching on interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) synthesis. Foetal tissues were essentially 'germ free', while the infants had been exposed to a normal microbial environment in life. IFN-alpha was first seen at 9 weeks gestation in macrophages in the liver and thereafter was seen in macrophages in most other organs. When infant lungs were compared with foetal lungs, a statistically significant increase in the number of macrophages and the percentage of these cells expressing IFN-alpha was noted in the infant lungs. No such change was observed in spleen, liver and thymus following birth. These findings suggest that there is a basal production of IFN-alpha by macrophages that is not dependent on microbial products, but that such products can enhance synthesis of this cytokine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, U.K.
authors.forename: N U
authors.initials: NU
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Foulis
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005333:Fetus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I