title: Impact of orthognathic surgery on normal and abnormal personality dimensions: a 2-year follow-up study of 61 patients.
abstract: The psychological adjustments and self-concepts of 61 orthognathic surgery patients were evaluated before surgery and at 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. The impact of orthognathic surgery on self-concept and personality adjustment was assessed. Significant improvements in group scores were found with the use of a repeated measures ANOVA in the following subscales of personality disturbances: general maladjustment, psychosis, neurosis, personality disorder, and personality integration. A significantly positive effect was also observed in the following subscales of self-concept: self-esteem, self-satisfaction, self-identity, physical self, family self, social self, and total self-conflict. The improved changes in psychological profile two years after orthognathic surgery are encouraging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Flanary
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Barnwell
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: VanSickels
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Littlefield
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rugh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000523:psychology; D010551:Personality; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011378:Prognathism / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires