title: Effect of T-2 toxin on resistance to systemic Salmonella typhimurium infection of newly hatched chickens.
abstract: Newly hatched chickens were treated with the trichothecene mycotoxin, T-2 toxin, during the first day of life. Control chickens were treated with other agents known to cause immunosuppression--cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, and aflatoxin. Chickens were infected on day 6 (5 days after treatment with T-2 toxin) by intraperitoneal inoculation with Salmonella typhimurium. Blood samples were collected from treated chickens (noninfected) and used to assess the responsiveness of blood lymphocytes to T-cell or B-cell mitogens, phytohemagglutinin, or lipopolysaccharide, respectively. The T-2 toxin had a profound negative effect on the ability of the chickens to resist salmonellosis, as measured by survival. However, the toxin effect in reducing phytohemagglutinin- and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mitogenesis, though significant (P greater than 0.05), was not severe. Our data indicate a direct effect of T-2 toxin on native resistance to systemic salmonellosis, which was not accompanied by marked alteration in T- or B-cell responses to mitogenic stimulation.
authors.affiliation: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, College Station, TX 77840.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ziprin
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Elissalde
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000276:immunology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D003524:Cyclosporins; D008934:Mitogens; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D013605:T-2 Toxin