title: Elimination of iohexol, a low osmolar nonionic contrast medium, by hemodialysis in patients with chronic renal failure.
abstract: The dialyzability of iohexol was examined in patients with chronic renal failure on long-term hemodialysis treatment. Eight patients had iohexol (Omnipaque 240 or 350 mg I/ml) injected in doses between 98 and 1,493 mg I/kg body weight (BW) 25 h (mean time) before start of hemodialysis. Dialysance of iohexol was 81 +/- 15 ml/min (mean +/- SD) compared to 120 +/- 16.8 ml/min for creatinine. Elimination half-life for iohexol during hemodialysis was 3.9 +/- 1.1 h while plasma clearance was 64 +/- 17 ml/min. The distribution volume calculated (0.25 +/- 0.05 liters/kg BW) confirms previous observations with distribution in the extracellular fluid only. Before the start of hemodialysis 36 +/- 28% of the dose injected was eliminated, indicating some extrarenal elimination. After 4 h of hemodialysis 72 +/- 11% of the dose was removed.
authors.affiliation: Nycomed A.S., Research and Development Division, National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Waaler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svaland
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fauchald
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jakobsen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kolmannskog
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Berg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007472:Iohexol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D007472:Iohexol