title: An evaluation of cocaine-induced chest pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if enzymatic evidence of acute myocardial injury is present in patients complaining of chest pain after cocaine use when the ECG is normal or nondiagnostic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial ECG and creatinine kinase (CK) and CK isoenzymes (CK-ISO) determinations were performed at time of emergency department presentation and every six hours over 12 hours on individuals complaining of chest pain within six hours of last cocaine use.
  
  
  METHODS
  ED of an urban tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two individuals with a mean age of 28.5 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with positive CK-ISOs were admitted immediately to formally rule out myocardial infarction. Patients developing ECG changes during observation period also were admitted even if CK-ISOs were normal. Patients with unchanged ECGs and normal CK-ISOs were discharged after 12 hours of observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients (19%) had elevated CK and CK-ISO values at presentation. Two of these patients had elevated values on three sequential determinations and were believed to have sustained acute myocardial infarction. Six patients had elevated CK and CK-ISOs at presentation only. ECGs remained normal or nondiagnostic in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enzymatic evidence of acute myocardial injury may occur in patients who develop chest pain after cocaine use and have normal or nondiagnostic ECGs. This injury may reflect acute infarction or transient ischemia. Single or serial normal or nondiagnostic ECGs do not rule out ischemia or injury in this group of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202.
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Tokarski
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paganussi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Urbanski
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carden
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Foreback
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Tomlanovich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003042:Cocaine; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D003042:Cocaine