title: Activity of urethane and N,N-dimethylurethane in the mouse bone-marrow micronucleus assay: equivalence of oral and intraperitoneal routes of exposure.
abstract: Urethane is shown to be active in the mouse bone-marrow micronucleus assay when administered as a single dose by either gavage or intraperitoneal injection. The magnitude of the response using the two routes was not statistically significantly different. N,N-Dimethylurethane (DMU) is shown to be mutagenic to Salmonella and active in the bone-marrow micronucleus assay by both routes of administration. The activity of DMU in the bone marrow precludes elimination of ethanol, yielding cyanate ion, as an explanation for the micronucleus-inducing activity of urethane.
authors.affiliation: ICI Central Toxicology Laboratory, Macclesfield, Ches., Great Britain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ashby
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tinwell
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Callander
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000187:drug effects*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D014520:Urethane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014520:Urethane; C066385:N,N-dimethylurethane