title: Cardiac dysrhythmias during nasal surgery--a comparison with lignocaine-adrenaline and prilocaine-octapressin during halothane anaesthesia.
abstract: The incidence of cardiac dysrhythmias and adequacy of haemostasis during nasal surgery under deep halothane anaesthesia were studied following nasal infiltration with 10 ml of either 1.5% lignocaine with adrenaline 1:200,000 or prilocaine 1.5% with octapressin 0.03 IU per ml. There was a significant difference in the incidence of cardiac dysrhythmias between patients given octapressin 2% and patients given adrenaline infiltration (18%) p greater than 0.01. Adequate haemostasis was observed in 84% of patients who received octapressin with no adverse effects compared to 94% of the group which received adrenaline (p greater than 0.01). We suggest for the use of lignocaine-adrenaline during halothane anaesthesia that adequate ventilation is assured, deep halothane anaesthesia given, the infiltration delayed 10 minutes after tracheal intubation, the rate of injection adjusted to 10 ml in a 10-minute period and a total dose of adrenaline does not exceed 0.6 microgram/kg.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elhakim
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: el-Kader
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zowel
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005259:Felypressin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery*; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D011318:Prilocaine; D005259:Felypressin; D008012:Lidocaine; D006221:Halothane; D004837:Epinephrine