title: Frequency of concurrence of hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody in a large number of carriers in Okinawa, Japan.
abstract: A large number of chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers in Okinawa, Japan were tested for antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), by both radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay methods. Concurrence of HBsAg and anti-HBs was found in 166 (26.1%). We found no clear predominance of either liver damage or hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in the concurrent carriers studied. Antibody to pre-S2 antigen (anti-pre-S2) was detected in 16 (9.6%) of 166 subjects with concurrent markers, 15 of these 16 carriers were positive for antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe). Anti-pre-S2 was correlated with anti-HBe rather than with anti-HBs. The distribution of HBsAg subtypes among carriers determined to have subtypes was 76.7% adw, 22.0% adr, 0.2% ayr, 0.9% adwr, and 0.2% adyr. The distribution of anti-HBs subtypes among concurrent carriers was 51.5% anti-r, 21.4% anti-w, 15.5% anti-d, and 10.7% anti-y. Concurrent carriers had HBsAg of one subtype and heterotypic anti-HBs. Because the HBsAg subtype ay is rare in this area, it is hard to believe that the concurrent carriers with anti-y were infected with hepatitis B virus of which the HBsAg subtype was ay. A dual infection was highly unlikely. It seems that some of the concurrent carriers correlate with compound subtypes adwr and adyr.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morofuji
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
mesh_terms: D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens