title: Tumor-cytolytic human macrophages cultured as nonadherent cells: potential for the adoptive immunotherapy of cancer.
abstract: Tumor-cytolytic lymphokine (e.g., interleukin-2; IL-2)-activated killer cells are currently being evaluated in IL-2/LAK cell adoptive immunotherapy regimens for the treatment of cancer. Monocyte-derived macrophages (M phi) are also known to be efficient tumor killer cells; accordingly, M phi that have been activated in vitro may also be of therapeutic merit. However, attempts to cultivate M phi for morphological and functional studies have often been compromised because M phi adhere rapidly and tenaciously to cultureware. Studies that we have conducted to address this problem have proven successful in developing procedures for the long-term cultivation of non-adherent immunocompetent M phi in serum-free medium using petri dishes containing a thin Teflon liner. The utility of this technology is documented by the results of studies presented herein in which light and scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze tumor-cytolytic human M phi. In these experiments, we demonstrated that nonadherent immunocompetent human M phi can be prepared for detailed examinations of their pleomorphic membrane architecture. Moreover, nonadherent human M phi could readily be collected for preparing conjugates of M phi and tumor cells. It is anticipated that this technology should prove useful for future structure-function studies defining the topographical location and spatial distribution of antigens and receptors on M phi membrane ultrastructures, particularly the microvilli-like projections that bridge together an immunocompetent effector M phi and target cell (e.g., tumor cells and microbial pathogens) and which provide the physical interaction required for the initial phases of a cellular immune response that includes antigen recognition and cell-to-cell adhesion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Immunology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Helinski
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hurley
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Streck
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Bielat
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pauly
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines