title: [Urine analysis for legal confirmation in opiate addicts].
abstract: Urine samples of 31 probands who had come in conflict with the Dangerous Drugs act and therefore had to take part in urinalysis tests where analysed during a period of 34 months. The purpose of this study was to find out whether urinalysis testing can reduce drug abuse. The urine samples were tested on morphine/codeine, cannabis and barbiturates. 28 out of 31 persons were to be tested on morphine, 13 on cannabis and 26 on barbiturates. 32% of the persons tested on morphine showed no positive results during the whole period of investigation. 3% had continuous relapses (greater than 30% positive results) during this time. A significant (x2 = 28.98) decrease of positive samples at the end of the investigation period was found. The tests on barbiturates showed no significant (x2 = 0) influence of the urinalysis on the frequency of positive results. Tests on cannabis showed a slightly significant (x2 = 4.26) increase of positive results at the end of the investigation period. Most of the test persons showed an obvious improvement of their social and family conditions during this period.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universität Freiburg.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leber
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Büchler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004335:Drug and Narcotic Control / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009294:Narcotics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000652:urine*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics
vernacular_title: Urinkontrollen als Bewährungsauflage bei Opiatabhängigen.