title: Enhanced in vivo cytotoxicity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor with etoposide in human renal cell carcinoma. Evaluation in a pre-clinical model.
abstract: The combination of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and etoposide (ETP) was evaluated for potential cytotoxic efficacy against a human renal cell carcinoma xenograft using an in vivo assay employing an athymic mouse host with tumor implanted a the subrenal capsule site. Both antitumor efficacy (relative survival or RTS) and toxicity (weight loss) of TNF and ETP alone and in combination were evaluated. While TNF and ETP alone were mildly inhibitory (RTS 90% and 71%, respectively), the combination caused marked tumor inhibition (45% of controls). Host toxicity encountered with the combination did not exceed the toxicity associated with ETP alone, suggesting that the therapeutic index may have been augmented. It is concluded that enhanced antitumor activity without substantial augmentation of toxicity is observed with this combination, providing a rationale for further evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-based regimens for the treatment of advanced renal carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery/Urology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Keane
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Poulton
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Walther
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005047:Etoposide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013370:Subrenal Capsule Assay; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005047:Etoposide