Subzonal insemination for the alleviation of infertility.
Methods were developed to facilitate the use of subzonal insemination to achieve fertilization in vitro. A clinical trial was undertaken in those patients having previously failed to achieve fertilization by in vitro fertilization, and in those presenting with severe oligospermia/oligoasthenospermia. From 85 patients, 585 oocytes were obtained. Of these, 0.3% had been "activated" parthenogenetically in vivo, 369 (72%) at metaphase II underwent subzonal insemination, 15% were fertilized, and 0.5% had three pronuclei. Thirty-eight percent of the patients had fertilization with 36% having a replacement. One conceptus was replaced in 19 patients, two conceptus in 8 patients, and three in 4 patients. A twin and two singleton pregnancies were established.
Fishel
S
S
University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, AMI Park Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Jackson
P
P
Antinori
S
S
Johnson
J
J
Grossi
S
S
Versaci
C
C
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000628:therapy*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology