title: Gallium nitrate for advanced Paget disease of bone: effectiveness and dose-response analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether a brief course of treatment with gallium nitrate can reduce biochemical parameters of accelerated bone turnover in patients with advanced Paget disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unblinded trial, decreasing dose schedules of gallium nitrate.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital with primary orthopedic and metabolic bone disease specialty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with advanced Paget disease who had previously received conventional therapy consisting of calcitonin, etidronate, or mithramycin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients were entered into each of three dose schedules: 2.5 mg/kg body weight per day by continuous intravenous infusion for 7 days; 0.5 mg/kg per day for 14 days by subcutaneous injection; and 0.25 mg/kg per day for 14 days by subcutaneous injection. Several patients were treated with different dose schedules. Patients were followed until relapse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen courses of treatment were administered to ten patients. Reductions in serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline excretion were observed after treatment with each dose schedule. After treatment with high, intermediate, and low doses, the median maximum decreases in serum alkaline phosphatase activity were 49%, 39%, and 18%, respectively. The median maximum decreases in urinary hydroxyproline excretion were 50%, 52%, and 16%, respectively. The maximum decrease in urinary hydroxyproline excretion occurred within a median of 2 weeks from the start of treatment, whereas the maximum decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase activity occurred substantially later at a median of 6 weeks. All treatment schedules were well tolerated. Response duration was highly variable (range, 6 to 42 weeks).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term treatment with gallium nitrate can reduce biochemical parameters of disease activity in patients with advanced Paget disease of bone. Larger trials using low-dose intermittent treatment schedules are required to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this therapy.
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Warrell
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weinerman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Bockman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005708:Gallium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000652:urine; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010001:Osteitis Deformans / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine; D005708:Gallium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D006909:Hydroxyproline; C027235:gallium nitrate