title: Absorption kinetics of regular insulin in dogs with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The absorption kinetics of porcine regular insulin following IV, IM, and SC administration were evaluated in 10 dogs with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. Plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations were evaluated immediately prior to and at 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 minutes following IV administration; and immediately prior to and every 30 minutes for 2 hours and then every hour for 6 hours following IM and SC administration of 0.55 U of porcine regular insulin/kg of body weight. Model-independent pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on each data set. Plasma IRI concentration declined rapidly after IV administration of regular insulin and then returned to baseline IRI concentration by 3.2 +/- 0.8 hours. The absorption kinetics following IV administration of regular insulin were similar to those found in earlier studies in healthy dogs and human beings. The IM and SC routes of regular insulin administration resulted in a pharmacologic concentration of IRI at 30 minutes. The peak mean (+/- SD) plasma IRI concentration was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater following SC administration than it was following IM administration of regular insulin (263 +/- 185 and 151 +/- 71 I microU/ml, respectively). The time of the peak plasma IRI concentration (68 +/- 31 minutes and 60 +/- 30 minutes) and the time to return to baseline plasma IRI concentration (5.8 +/- 1.2 hours and 5.8 +/- 1.3 hours) were not significantly different following SC and IM administration of regular insulin, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Bottoms
mesh_terms: D000496:Alloxan; D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D000496:Alloxan