title: The viral envelope gene is involved in macrophage tropism of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain isolated from brain tissue.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains isolated from the central nervous system (CNS) may represent a subgroup that displays a host cell tropism different from those isolated from peripheral blood and lymph nodes. One CNS-derived isolate, HIV-1SF128A, which can be propagated efficiently in primary macrophage culture but not in any T-cell lines, was molecularly cloned and characterized. Recombinant viruses between HIV-1SF128A and the peripheral blood isolate HIV-1SF2 were generated in order to map the viral gene(s) responsible for the macrophage tropism. The env gene sequences of the two isolates are about 91.1% homologous, with variations scattered mainly in the hypervariable regions of gp120. Recombinant viruses that have acquired the HIV-1SF128A env gene display HIV-1SF128A tropism for macrophages. Furthermore, the gp120 variable domains, V1, V2, V4, and V5, the CD4-binding domain, and the gp41 fusion domain are not directly involved in determining macrophage tropism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045-2103.
authors.forename: Z Q
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng-Mayer
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001921:Brain / Q000382:microbiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003704:Dementia / Q000209:etiology; D005814:Genes, Viral; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000382:microbiology; D014162:Transfection; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins