title: Characterization of the toxicity of the mycotoxins aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and T-2 toxin in game birds. I. Chukar partridge.
abstract: Chukar partridges were fed diets containing 1.25, 2.5, or 5 ppm aflatoxin; 1, 2, or 4 ppm ochratoxin A (OA); or 4, 8, or 16 ppm T-2 toxin. Toxin-induced mortality was seen during the third week with 4 ppm OA (12.5%) and 16 ppm T-2 toxin (15%), compared with the mortality in control chukars fed no toxin (2.5%). Body weights were significantly decreased by the highest level of aflatoxin at 3 weeks of age, by the highest level of OA by 2 weeks of age, and by 8 and 16 ppm T-2 toxin by 1 week of age. Aflatoxin did not affect liver weight and OA did not increase kidney weight in 3-week-old chukars. There was a slight decrease in kidney weight in chukars fed 4 ppm OA; however, the decrease was related to the decrease in body weight produced by the toxin. Mouth lesions were seen at all levels of T-2 toxin fed.
authors.affiliation: Livestock and Poultry Sciences Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Maryland 20705.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ruff
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Wilkins
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000254:growth & development*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; D013605:T-2 Toxin