title: Transforming growth factor-beta modulates plasminogen activator activity and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression in human keratinocytes in vitro.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a multifunctional mediator with effects on cellular growth, differentiation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism. Because TGF-beta stimulates fibronectin expression in cultured human keratinocytes, we wished to determine whether it might also affect ECM degradation through the plasminogen activator (PA)-plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) system. Immunofluorescence of human keratinocytes using a monospecific antiserum to type 1 PAI (PAI-1) showed enhanced cellular and ECM staining when they were cultured in the presence of TGF-beta. The antiserum also identified an Mr 50,000 protein in conditioned media that was markedly enhanced by TGF-beta. A corresponding stimulation of PAI-1 mRNA was demonstrated by quantitative RNA blot analysis. Total plasminogen activating activity of conditioned medium was markedly decreased by TGF-beta. Zymography showed this to be at least partially due to decreased secreted urokinase activity. TGF-beta may play an important role in stabilizing the provisional matrix synthesized by keratinocytes in healing wounds.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Wikner
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Persichitte
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mink
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D010960:Plasminogen Activators