title: Automated three-dimensional finite element modelling of bone: a new method.
abstract: Three-dimensional finite element stress analysis of bone is a key to understanding bone remodelling, assessing fracture risk, and designing prostheses; however, the cost and complexity of predicting the stress field in bone with accuracy has precluded the routine use of this method. A new, automated method of generating patient-specific three-dimensional finite element models of bone is presented--it uses digital computed tomographic (CT) scan data to drive the geometry of the bone and to estimate its inhomogeneous material properties. Cubic elements of a user-specified size are automatically defined and then individually assigned the CT scan-derived material properties. The method is demonstrated by predicting the stress, stain, and strain energy in a human proximal femur in vivo. Three-dimensional loading conditions corresponding to the stance phase of gait were taken from the literature and applied to the model. Maximum principal compressive stresses of 8-23 MPa were computed for the medial femoral neck. Automated generation of additional finite element models with larger numbers of elements was used to verify convergence in strain energy.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Keyak
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Meagher
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Mote
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008954:Models, Biological; D012984:Software; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*