title: Contraction and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content in single myocytes of guinea pig heart: effect of ryanodine.
abstract: The relationship between the ability of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to accumulate and retain Ca2+ and the electrically stimulated contractions (ESCs) of isolated cells from guinea pig ventricular myocardium was investigated. Caffeine contractures or rapid cooling contractures were used as a relative measure of the SR Ca2+ content. Depletion of SR Ca2+ by short exposure to caffeine (15 mM) or by prolonged rest resulted in a reduction of the amplitude of the ESCs by 83 +/- 14 and 65 +/- 11% (means +/- SD), respectively. This result points to SR as a major source of the Ca2+ that activates contraction. However, depriving the SR of the ability to retain Ca2+ by means of prolonged (up to 75 min) exposure to 0.1 microM ryanodine (as shown by the absence of contractile response to caffeine or cooling) did not prevent an ESC of nearly normal amplitude (81 +/- 24% control), albeit with a reduced contraction velocity and a time to peak contraction prolonged by 51 +/- 11%. Additionally, while rest decay of ESCs was present after ryanodine treatment, the time for the ESCs to recover their steady-state amplitude was prolonged at least twofold. Thus, in contrast with the normal guinea pig cells, ESCs of the myocytes exposed to ryanodine are controlled by sarcolemmal processes. This change in the state of excitation-contraction coupling results mainly in modification of the time course of the ESCs and of the time course of the response of the cells to the change in the rate of stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lewartowski
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hansford
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Lakatta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012146:Rest; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012433:Ryanodine; D000001:Calcimycin; D002110:Caffeine; D002118:Calcium