title: Sequence analysis of the promoter region of the glioblastoma derived T cell suppressor factor/transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 2 gene reveals striking differences to the TGF-beta 1 and -beta 3 genes.
abstract: Human glioblastoma cells secrete a factor termed glioblastoma derived T cell suppressor factor (G-TsF) or transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-beta 2) which inhibits the response of T cells to mitogenic or antigenic stimulation. In the present study we isolated the promoter region of the G-TsF/TGF-beta 2 gene. The promoter region shares no homology to the promoter of the TGF-beta 1 or the 5' region of the TGF-beta 3 gene and harbours several familiar DNA motifs, including the cytokine-1 region, an octamer-like sequence, Sp1- and AP-2-like elements and a putative NF-kappa B site. In contrast to the TGF-beta 1 gene, the G-TsF/TGF-beta 2 gene contains three TATA-like sequences but lacks an AP-1 site. To understand the cell type specificity of expression of G-TsF/TGF-beta 2, the individual contribution of the DNA elements detected in the promoter has to be analysed in further studies.
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Malipiero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Höller
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fontana
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D015698:Genomic Library; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D010920:Placenta / Q000276:immunology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D016385:TATA Box; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D004247:DNA