title: Intravenous self-administration of 4-methylaminorex in primates.
abstract: The reinforcing effects of (+/-)-cis-2-Amino-4-methyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazoline (4-methylaminorex) were determined in two models of intravenous drug self-administration in primates. In baboons, lever pressing was maintained under a fixed-ratio (FR) 80- or 160-schedule of intravenous cocaine delivery (0.32 mg/kg per injection). Each drug injection was followed by a 3-h time-out allowing a maximum of 8 injections per day. Vehicle or 4-methylaminorex doses were substituted for cocaine for a period of 15 or more days. One of the two 4-methylaminorex doses evaluated (0.32 mg/kg per injection) maintained self-administration behavior above vehicle control levels in all four animals. This dose of 4-methylaminorex maintained cyclic patterns of self-injection behavior across days and produced signs of psychomotor stimulant toxicity. In rhesus monkeys, 4-methylaminorex (0.0003-0.1 mg/kg per injection) was made available to animals trained to self-administer cocaine (0.01 or 0.033 mg/kg per injection) under an FR 10 schedule of reinforcement during daily 1-h sessions. Each of the three monkeys self-administered at least two doses of 4-methylaminorex at rates exceeding those maintained by vehicle injections. Taken together with reports of recreational abuse of 4-methylaminorex, the present results indicate that this drug has a potential for abuse similar to that of other psychomotor stimulants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0613.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mansbach
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sannerud
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Balster
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001067:Appetite Depressants; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010215:Papio; D012646:Self Administration; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D010080:Oxazoles; C000081:4-methylaminorex; D003042:Cocaine