title: The pS2 gene, mRNA, and protein: a potential marker for human breast cancer.
abstract: Approximately 50% of human breast tumors secrete a small cysteine-rich protein called pS2. In the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, expression of the pS2 protein is strongly induced by estrogen, and cloning and sequence analysis of the pS2 gene has revealed an "estrogen responsive element" in the gene's 5'-flanking region. The results of immunohistochemical assays and radioimmunoassays on breast cancer biopsies indicate that the pS2 protein is a marker for hormone-dependent breast tumors and that its expression is associated with longer overall, and disease-free, survival. The pS2 protein is also expressed in normal stomach mucosa and in regenerative tissues in ulcerative diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Its physiological function is unknown.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire des Eucaryotes du CNRS, Institut de Chimie Biologique, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chambon
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D000071163:Trefoil Factor-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004967:Estrogens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C051838:TFF1 protein, human; D000071163:Trefoil Factor-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins