title: Disappearance of certain acidic organelles (endosomes and Langerhans cell granules) accompanies loss of antigen processing capacity upon culture of epidermal Langerhans cells.
abstract: Freshly isolated epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) can actively process native protein antigens, but are weak in sensitizing helper T cells. During culture, when LC mature into potent immunostimulatory dendritic cells, T cell sensitizing capacity develops but antigen processing capacity is downregulated. Processing of exogenous antigens for class II-restricted antigen presentation involves acidic organelles. We used the DAMP-technique to monitor acidic organelles at the ultrastructural level in fresh, as well as cultured, mouse and human LC. We observed that the loss of antigen processing capacity with culture of LC was reflected by the disappearance of certain acidic organelles, namely endosomes (particularly early ones), and the hitherto enigmatic LC granules ("Birbeck Granules"). Our findings support the notion that endosomes are critical for antigen processing and suggest that LC granules might be involved as well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stössel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kämpgen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stöger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heufler
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Romani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schuler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D015388:Organelles / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II