title: Acid treatment of platelets as a simple procedure for distinguishing platelet-specific antibodies from anti-HLA antibodies: comparison with chloroquine treatment.
abstract: The identification of antibodies to platelet-specific antigens is important for correctly diagnosing neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, posttransfusion purpura and refractoriness due to platelet-specific antibodies. However, the serologic identification of these platelet-specific antibodies is complicated by the presence of anti-HLA antibodies. We examined and compared the diagnostic usefulness of acid-treated and chloroquine-treated platelets for the discrimination of platelet-specific antibodies from anti-HLA antibodies. The viability of acid-treated platelets is 83.4%, which is better than that of chloroquine-treated platelets (52.6%). The antigenicity of HLA class I antigens of acid-treated platelets was significantly reduced compared with that of PBS- or chloroquine-treated platelets. On the other hand, platelet surface glycoprotein Ib and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, and platelet-specific antigens were stable following acid or chloroquine treatment. Chloroquine-treated platelets were not suitable targets for analysis by immunofluorescence flow cytometry because of nonspecific fluorescence derived from platelet damage. We conclude that acid-treated platelets are more suitable targets than chloroquine-treated platelets for screening for platelet-specific antibodies and also for analyses of the specificity of platelet-specific antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Blood Transfusion, Osaka University Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oshida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Take
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furubayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yonezawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tarui
mesh_terms: D000918:Antibody Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002738:Chloroquine; D002951:Citrates; D019343:Citric Acid; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D006680:HLA Antigens; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D019343:Citric Acid; D002738:Chloroquine