title: Effects of temporary withdrawal from regular running.
abstract: Forty regular male runners were divided into two similar groups and studied for six weeks. One group continued normal running, but the other stopped running for the middle two weeks of the study. Questionnaires were completed at the end of each week. Symptoms of depression were greater in the withdrawn than in the control group at the end of the second week of withdrawal. Somatic symptoms, anxiety, insomnia and feelings of being under strain were greater in the withdrawn group after both the first and second weeks of withdrawal. The groups did not differ in the final two weeks, when running had been resumed. These effects strengthen the view that stopping regular physical exercise produces a 'withdrawal syndrome', and that exercise might therefore be regarded as addictive. The increase in depression may reflect a more gradual loss of the antidepressive effect of exercise training.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University College London, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salmon
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010556:Personality Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D012420:Running / Q000523:psychology*; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000523:psychology