title: Short-term tamoxifen plus chemotherapy: superior results in node-positive breast cancer.
abstract: Three hundred eleven patients with node-positive breast cancer were randomized to one of three adjuvant treatments: cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil; all of the above with tamoxifen citrate; or all of the above with tamoxifen and bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination. Local therapy for all patients was a modified radical mastectomy. Estrogen receptors were measured on all primary tumors. Patients were stratified by the number of positive nodes (one to three nodes and more than three nodes) and estrogen-receptor value (less than 3 femtomole/mg and greater than or equal to 3 femtomole/mg). Follow-up is available, with a mean of 9.1 and maximum of 14.2 years. In this study the efficacy of short-term tamoxifen is apparent over that of chemoimmunotherapy alone and continues to be significant with prolonged follow-up. The addition of tamoxifen to chemoimmunotherapy significantly prolonged disease-free survival among patients with estrogen receptor-positive tumors who were postmenopausal, who had larger tumors (greater than 3 cm), or who had more extensive axillary node involvement (more than three nodes). Tamoxifen improved overall survival for patients with estrogen receptor-positive tumors larger than 3 cm. The addition of bacillus Calmette-Guerin Cytoxan, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and tamoxifen did not significantly alter disease-free or overall survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Shenk
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Soegiarso
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hubay
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shuck
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arafah
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D013629:Tamoxifen; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D008727:Methotrexate