title: Psychomotor performance in chronic insomniacs during 14-day use of flurazepam and midazolam.
abstract: Four skills performance (psychomotor) tasks, including simple and choice reaction time, divided attention, and vigilance, were given to 99 chronic insomniacs to determine whether the use of midazolam 15 mg, or of flurazepam 15 or 30 mg, compared with placebo would produce next-day impairment throughout a 14-day treatment period. Tests were administered during 2 baseline days and on treatment days 1 and 2 (early interval), 7 (middle interval) and 13 and 14 (late interval). Compared with placebo, performance on all four tasks was impaired by flurazepam 30 mg. The deficits associated with flurazepam 15 mg were roughly half the magnitude of those produced by flurazepam 30 mg, but these changes did not reach statistical significance for single response measures at single time intervals. Midazolam showed no consistent pattern of performance effects; however, for divided attention tracking error, there was a significant decrement. The placebo group showed flat performance curves or improved performance as a result of learning (practice effect).
authors.affiliation: Southern California Research Institute, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moskowitz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Linnoila
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roehrs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005479:Flurazepam / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D005479:Flurazepam; D008874:Midazolam