title: Alcohol impairs visual presence/absence detection more for females than for males.
abstract: Ninety subjects (45 males, 45 females) were given 0.0, 0.5, or 1.0 ml/kg body weight of 190-proof ethanol and tested for chance-level presence/absence detection thresholds with energy-masked presentations of traffic signs and blank inputs. Alcohol produced higher blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels, and higher detection threshold durations, for females than for males. These results indicate that alcohol influences precortical visual processing and that the influence is greater for females than for males. The higher bioavailability of alcohol in women is likely due to less gastric oxidation of ethanol in women than in men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Avant
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000523:psychology; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000187:drug effects*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol