title: Barium and antimony distributions on the hands of nonshooters.
abstract: Barium and antimony levels from selected areas of the left and right hands of 269 nonshooters provide a database for interpretation of gunshot residue swab analysis results. The database represents a variety of activities of individuals sampled by collectors throughout the United States. Nonshooting exposure to barium and antimony can generally be distinguished from firearms-associated exposure by considering the relative levels of the elements, location on the hands, and condition of the swabs. Consistent definition of sampling procedures and accurate analytical results make this database applicable for interpretation of data generated by most gunshot residue swab examiners.
authors.affiliation: FBI Laboratory, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Havakost
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Koons
mesh_terms: D000965:Antimony / Q000032:analysis*; D001464:Barium / Q000032:analysis*; D005389:Firearms; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D009790:Occupations; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*; D013048:Specimen Handling; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001464:Barium; D000965:Antimony