title: Immunologic markers in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
abstract: This article details the immunologic diversity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. A historical review of developments in immunophenotyping is followed by a discussion of how major subgroups of leukemia are best defined today. The relationship of immunologic subtypes to stages of normal lymphoid development is explored, and the clinical impact of immunophenotyping is discussed.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Borowitz
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000940:Antigenic Variation / Q000276:immunology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000276:immunology*; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor