Appraised changeability of a stressor as a modifier of the relationship between coping and depression: a test of the hypothesis of fit.
The goodness of fit among the appraised changeability of a stressor, coping, and depression in people with psychiatric, physical health, work, and family problems was examined (N = 746). It was expected that problem-focused coping (as opposed to emotion-focused coping) would be used more and be more adaptive in situations appraised as changeable as compared with situations appraised as not changeable. Although few relationships existed between appraisal and coping, tests of fit between coping and depressed mood (maladaption) were much stronger. In people with nonpsychiatric conditions, problem-focused coping and depressed mood were negatively related when a stressor was appraised as changeable but were unrelated when a stressor was appraised as not changeable. Emotion-focused coping was positively related to depression when a stressor was appraised as changeable. No general relations were observed in the people with psychiatric conditions.
Vitaliano
P P
PP
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
DeWolfe
D J
DJ
Maiuro
R D
RD
Russo
J
J
Katon
W
W
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000275:Adjustment Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D010556:Personality Tests; D011340:Problem Solving; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D012944:Social Support