title: Vitreous fluorophotometry in juvenile diabetics with and without retinopathy in relation to metabolic control: insulin antibodies and c-peptide levels.
abstract: Vitreous fluorophotometry was performed in 56 juvenile insulin-dependent diabetic patients aged 9-23 years (median: 16 years), diabetes duration 1-20 years (median: 8 years). Fundus photography showed mild background retinopathy in 5 patients, while 51 patients had no signs of retinopathy. Abnormal leakage into the posterior vitreous body was found in 4/5 patients with background retinopathy and in 24/51 with normal fundi. We found a significantly positive correlation between abnormal leakage and duration of diabetes and HbA1 with Kendall rank-order correlation coefficients T = 0.21 (P = 0.01) and 0.19 (P = 0.02) resp. No significant correlation was found between leakage and age, actual blood glucose level or insulin antibodies expressed as insulin binding capacity of IgG, but a significantly negative correlation between abnormal leakage and low levels of fasting c-peptide/s T = 0.437 P less than 0.001. Kendall partial rank-order correlation analysis showed that c-peptide/s significantly explained the leakage when HbA1 or duration was kept constant. Duration could only explain leakage when HbA1 was fixed but not when c-peptide/s was kept constant. HbA1 could also explain leakage when duration or c-peptide was fixed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kernell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludvigsson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Finnström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001813:Blood-Retinal Barrier; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000378:metabolism*; D019793:Fluorescein; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015590:Fluorophotometry; D006441:Hemoglobin A / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D005452:Fluoresceins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007330:Insulin Antibodies; D006441:Hemoglobin A; D019793:Fluorescein