title: N1N8-bis(gamma-glutamyl)spermidine cross-linking in epidermal-cell envelopes. Comparison of cross-link levels in normal and psoriatic cell envelopes.
abstract: N1N8-Bis(gamma-glutamyl)spermidine was found in exhaustive proteolytic digests of isolated cell envelopes from human epidermis at levels comparable with those of epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine. Significantly higher than normal amounts of these compounds, particularly the bis(gamma-glutamyl)polyamine, were observed in envelopes from afflicted areas (scales) of psoriatic patients. These findings support the notions that N1N8-bis(gamma-glutamyl)spermidine, like epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine, functions in cell envelopes as an enzyme-generated protein cross-link and stabilizing force and that individuals with the chronic, recurrent skin disease, psoriasis, exhibit in involved epidermis abnormal cell-envelope-protein cross-linking.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Development and Oncology, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beninati
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Nigra
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Folk
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000032:analysis; D004817:Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011073:Polyamines / Q000032:analysis; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*; D013095:Spermidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D013096:Spermine / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004151:Dipeptides; D011073:Polyamines; C001299:epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine; D013096:Spermine; C058907:N(1),N(8)-bis(gamma-glutamyl)spermidine; D013095:Spermidine