title: Evidence of subclinical blastomycosis in forestry workers in northern Minnesota and northern Wisconsin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence of remote subclinical blastomycosis in a high-risk population of forestry workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study consisted of 39 male forestry workers from northern Minnesota and northern Wisconsin, areas endemic for blastomycosis but not for histoplasmosis. All subjects were histoplasmin skin test-negative, and none had ever been diagnosed with blastomycosis or pneumonia. An antigen-specific lymphocyte stimulation assay was performed to determine the presence of blastomycosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 12 of 39 subjects demonstrated specific antigen-induced proliferation when stimulated with a purified alkali- and water-soluble antigen derived from the cell wall of Blastomyces dermatitidis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding that 30% of these men had evidence of previous blastomycosis suggests that subclinical cases do occur sporadically, and are probably more common than diagnosed symptomatic cases. This is similar to histoplasmosis, in which the majority of infections are subclinical. However, the reservoir of persons with previous undiagnosed blastomycosis is probably small compared to the huge number of persons (perhaps 30 million) with prior histoplasmosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55415.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Vaaler
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Bradsher
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001758:Blastomyces / Q000276:immunology; D001759:Blastomycosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004463:Ecology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014197:Trees; D014922:Wisconsin / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000946:Antigens, Fungal