title: Cytotoxicity induced by papaverine hydrochloride in fungal cell systems.
abstract: Cunninghamella echinulata was used to assess the cytotoxicity of papaverine (papaver), at concentrations ranging from 1 x 10(-5) to 1 x 10(-3) M for 1-6 days. Leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and changes in alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratios were used as indices of cytotoxicity. Leakage of LDH occurred at the 6th day with 1 x 10(-3) M; AP activity and L/P ratios decreased after 6 days treatment with 1 x 10(-4) M, after 1 day with 1 x 10(-3) M, and after 3 days with 1 x 10(-4) M, respectively. This study provides support for the use of fungal cell systems to evaluate the toxicity of drugs and chemicals.
authors: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, Austin 78712-1074.
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Davila
authors: G C
authors: GC
authors: Hsieh
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Acosta
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Davis
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D010208:Papaverine / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010208:Papaverine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase