title: Orthodontic forces generated by a simulated archwire appliance evaluated by the finite element method.
abstract: The finite element method has been used to determine the stress distribution generated by the initial placement of a simulated preset bracket-type orthodontic appliance utilizing titanium-nickel alloy archwire.
authors: Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, University of Iowa, College of Dentistry, Iowa City 52242.
authors: P G
authors: PG
authors: Fotos
authors: C C
authors: CC
authors: Spyrakos
authors: D O
authors: DO
authors: Bernard
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D004548:Elasticity; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy; D008954:Models, Biological; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D014070:Tooth / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D003722:Dental Alloys; C013616:nitinol