title: In vitro activation of bovine macrophage and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS).
abstract: Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) was used for immunotherapy to bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-positive cattle with enlarged subcutaneous lymphatic nodules. Electron microscopical observations showed the infiltration of macrophage and T cells around N-CWS treated lesions. Antitumor effect induced by N-CWS was examined in vitro. The maximum cytolytic activity of macrophage was observed, when the cells were incubated with 10 micrograms/ml of N-CWS. Chemiluminescence response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using N-CWS as stimulant was observed with a high level of activity for a long period, 5 hr. Mitogenic effect of N-CWS to PBMC was observed in the presence of macrophages but not without macrophages. Furthermore, interleukin 2 activity was recognized in supernatant of PBMC cultured with N-CWS. Maximum cytotoxic T lymphocyte response was induced when PBMC were cultured with 0.1 micrograms/ml of N-CWS.
authors: Department of Epizootiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Yasutomi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Onuma
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Kawakami
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Azuma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000276:immunology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D007938:Leukemia / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009615:Nocardia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*