title: Reliability of the clinical and electromyographic examination of tendon reflexes.
abstract: The reliability of clinical examination of the tendon reflexes was examined by studying inter-observer agreement. Twenty patients were examined by three neurologists. The briskness of the tendon reflexes in arms and legs was scored on a nine-point scale. In 28% of the 160 examined reflexes the observations disagreed 2 scale units or more. Disagreement on the presence of asymmetry occurred in 45% of the 80 reflex pairs. In 15% one observer judged a reflex pair to be symmetrical while another observer found asymmetry of at least 2 scale units. In a second experiment clinical observation of apparently asymmetrical quadriceps reflexes was compared with measurement by surface electromyography. A significant, semi-logarithmic relationship was found between clinical scores and measured reflex amplitudes. Measured reflex asymmetry always agreed with clinical asymmetry, and the magnitudes of right-left amplitude differences were correlated with the magnitude of clinically observed asymmetry. The bedside examination of tendon reflexes is subject to considerable inter-observer disagreement.
authors: Department of Neurology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Stam
authors: H
authors: H
authors: van Crevel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004576:Electromyography; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D012026:Reflex, Stretch / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results