title: Lack of conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase during warm renal ischemia.
abstract: Irreversible transformation of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) to xanthine oxidase (XO) during ischemia was determined measuring XDH and total enzyme activity in kidneys before and after 60 min of clamp of the renal pedicle. Tissue levels of adenine nucleotides, xanthine and hypoxanthine were used as indicators of ischemia. After 60 min of clamping, ATP levels decreased by 72% with respect to controls whereas xanthine and hypoxanthine progressively reached tissue concentrations of 732 +/- 49 and 979 +/- 15 nmol.g tissue-1, respectively. Both total and XDH activities in ischemic kidneys (30 +/- 15 and 19 +/- 1 nmol.min-1.g tissue-1) were significantly lower than in controls when expressed on a tissue weight basis. The fraction of enzyme in the XDH form was however unchanged indicating that the reduction of the nucleotide pool is not accompanied by induction of the type-O activity of xanthine oxidase.
authors: University of Milan, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Cighetti
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Del Puppo
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Paroni
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Galli Kienle
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D007511:Ischemia / Q000201:enzymology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000201:enzymology; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase