Oxidation of monomethoxylated aromatic compounds by lignin peroxidase: role of veratryl alcohol in lignin biodegradation.
Lignin peroxidase (LiP), an extracellular heme enzyme from the lignin-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, catalyzes the H2O2-dependent oxidation of a variety of nonphenolic lignin model compounds. The oxidation of monomethoxylated lignin model compounds, such as anisyl alcohol (AA), and the role of veratryl alcohol (VA) in LiP reactions were studied. AA oxidation reached a maximum at relatively low H2O2 concentrations, beyond which the extent of the reactions decreased. The presence of VA did not affect AA oxidation at low molar ratios of H2O2 to enzyme; however, at ratios above 100, the presence of VA abolished the decrease in AA oxidation. Addition of stoichiometric amounts of AA to LiP compound II (LiPII) resulted in its reduction to the native enzyme at rates that were significantly faster than the spontaneous rate of reduction, indicating that AA and other monomethoxylated aromatics are directly oxidized by LiP, albeit slowly. Under steady-state conditions in the presence of excess H2O2 and VA, a visible spectrum for LiPII was obtained. In contrast, under steady-state conditions in the presence of AA a visible spectrum was obtained for LiPIII*, a noncovalent complex of LiPIII and H2O2. AA competitively inhibited the oxidation of VA by LiP; the Ki for AA inhibition was 32 microM. Addition of VA to LiPIII* resulted in its conversion to the native enzyme. In contrast, AA did not convert LiPIII* to the native enzyme; instead, LiPIII* was bleached in the presence of AA. Thus, AA does not protect LiP from inactivation by H2O2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Valli
K
K
Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, Beaverton 97006-1999.
Wariishi
H
H
Gold
M H
MH
D000840:Anisoles / Q000378:metabolism*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000201:enzymology*; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism*
D000840:Anisoles; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008333:Mandelic Acids; C066949:4-methoxymandelic acid; C066943:anisyl alcohol; D008031:Lignin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010544:Peroxidases; C042858:lignin peroxidase; C042197:veratryl alcohol