title: Spinal antinociceptive synergy between clonidine and morphine, U69593, and DPDPE: isobolographic analysis.
abstract: The spinal antinociceptive interaction between the opiate receptor subtype agonists morphine (mu), U69593 (kappa) and [D-Pen2,5]-enkephalin (DPDPE; delta) with clonidine (alpha 2 adrenergic) was examined. Male SD rats received fixed ratios of clonidine to morphine (10:1), U69593 (1:3), or DPDPE (10:1) through catheters terminating at the lumbar cord. Graded dose-response curves (DRC) were constructed from tail-flick latencies converted to % maximal possible effect (%MPE), and the ED50 calculated. The DRCs of morphine and U69593 but not of DPDPE were parallel to the DRC of the opiate plus clonidine. Synergy was determined by isobolographic analysis. The ED50 values for the mixtures were significantly less than the theoretical additive ED50 values, indicating synergy between clonidine and morphine, U69593, or DPDPE.
authors: Anaquest/BOC Health Care, Murray Hill, NJ 07974.
authors: M H
authors: MH
authors: Ossipov
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Lozito
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Messineo
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Green
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Harris
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Lloyd
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D044482:Benzeneacetamides; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D020881:Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D044482:Benzeneacetamides; D004745:Enkephalins; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D009020:Morphine; D020881:Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; C045444:U 69593; D003000:Clonidine