title: Characterization of the 5'-flanking region of the rat protein kinase C gamma gene.
abstract: The 5'-flanking region of protein kinase C (PKC) gamma gene was identified from a rat liver genomic library in a bacteriophage lambda Charon 4A. A 3.6-kilobase (kb) genomic fragment containing the 5'-flanking region, first exon, and first intron was isolated and sequenced. The transcriptional initiation site, identified by S1 mapping and primer extension, was located 243 base pairs upstream from the translational initiation site. Promoter activity of a DNA segment spanning the 5'-flanking region was demonstrated by both in vitro transcription using HeLa cell nuclear extracts and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay by transfection of 293 cells with a PKC gamma-CAT fusion construct. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay revealed that a fragment of about 0.16 kb from the transcriptional initiation site was sufficient for promoter activity in these cells, and the construct containing up to 1.6 kb from the cap site was expressed at a similar level. This promoter-active fragment contains several regions similar to defined transcriptional elements in other mammalian promoters, such as those for stimulatory protein 1 (Sp1), activator proteins 1 and 2 (AP1, AP2), c-myc, cAMP regulatory element-binding protein (CREB), and enhancer core (EnhC). Investigation of the genomic structure of PKC gamma gene may lead to the identification of cis-elements controlling tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific expression of PKC gamma.
authors: Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Chen
authors: S G
authors: SG
authors: Widen
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Wilson
authors: K P
authors: KP
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015342:DNA Probes; D005091:Exons; D006367:HeLa Cells; D007438:Introns; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D015719:Single-Strand Specific DNA and RNA Endonucleases; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D015719:Single-Strand Specific DNA and RNA Endonucleases