title: An investigation of the levels of N-nitrosodimethylamine, apparent total N-nitroso compounds and nitrate in beer.
abstract: Over 170 retail samples of beer have been analysed for N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), apparent total N-nitroso compounds (ATNC) and nitrate. Levels of NDMA ranged from below 0.1 up to 1.2 micrograms/kg with a mean of 0.2 micrograms/kg. ATNC was detected in 42% of the samples in concentrations of up to 569 micrograms (N-NO)/kg. The levels of nitrate ranged from less than 0.2 up to 143 mg/kg with a mean of 16.8 mg/kg. There was no correlation between the amounts of NDMA and ATNC found in the retail beers. Samples taken during the course of fermentation showed that NDMA was unaffected by the bacterial reduction of nitrate which causes ATNC formation. HPLC studies using a photolysis/chemiluminescence detector revealed that the ATNC in beer are highly polar species of as yet unknown identity.
authors: Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Food Safety Directorate, Norwich, UK.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Massey
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Dennis
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Pointer
authors: P E
authors: PE
authors: Key
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis; D009603:Nitroso Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009603:Nitroso Compounds; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine