Sodium loading treatment for amphotericin B-induced nephrotoxicity.
The increased frequency and duration of antifungal treatment with amphotericin B in immunocompromised patients has stimulated a great deal of research into the mechanisms of its nephrotoxic effects and treatment modalities designed to attenuate these effects. A review of amphotericin B-induced nephrotoxicity, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, and the role of salt loading as a means of minimizing renal impairment are described. Both animal and human studies regarding the efficacy of sodium loading are presented as well as a case report describing the use of salt supplementation over a prolonged course of therapy.
Gardner
M L
ML
College of Pharmacy, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
Godley
P J
PJ
Wasan
S M
SM
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D000666:Amphotericin B