title: Epidemiology of depression and alcohol abuse/dependence in a managerial and professional work force.
abstract: Detailed clinical interviews focusing on depression and alcohol abuse/dependence were conducted with 1870 managers and professionals drawn from a major US corporation. Among men, the lifetime and 1-year prevalence rates of DSM-III-R major depression were 23% and 9%, respectively. Among women, the rates were 36% and 17%, respectively. Lifetime and 1-year prevalence rates of DSM-III-R alcohol abuse/dependence were 16% and 4% for men, and 9% and 4% for women. Imposing a requirement that alcohol-related symptoms cluster together in time reduced the lifetime and 1-year prevalence rates to 11% and 3% for men and 5% and 2% for women. The odds ratio for the lifetime occurrence of depression and alcohol abuse/dependence with such clustering was 2.28. The three most important risk factors for depression were being female, separated or divorced, and having a family history of depression. For alcohol abuse/dependence, the most important risk factors were being male, unmarried, and having a family history of alcoholism. Manager/professional status, length of employment, hours worked per day, and supervisory responsibility were not statistically associated with either DSM-III-R major depression or alcohol abuse/dependence.
authors: University of Pittsburgh, Pa.
authors: E J
authors: EJ
authors: Bromet
authors: D K
authors: DK
authors: Parkinson
authors: E C
authors: EC
authors: Curtis
authors: H C
authors: HC
authors: Schulberg
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Blane
authors: L O
authors: LO
authors: Dunn
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Phelan
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Dew
authors: J E
authors: JE
authors: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000288:Administrative Personnel / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors