Percutaneous absorption of [14C]DDT and [14C]benzo[a]pyrene from soil.
The objective was to determine percutaneous absorption of DDT and benzo[a]pyrene in vitro and in vivo from soil into and through skin. Soil (Yolo County 65-California-57-8; 26% sand, 26% clay, 48% silt) was passed through 10-, 20-, and 48-mesh sieves. Soil then retained by 80-mesh was mixed with [14C]-labeled chemical at 10 ppm. Acetone solutions at 10 ppm were prepared for comparative analysis. Human cadaver skin was dermatomed to 500 microns and used in glass diffusion cells with human plasma as the receptor fluid (3 ml/hr flow rate) for a 24-hr skin application time. With acetone vehicle, DDT (18.1 +/- 13.4%) readily penetrated into human skin. Significantly less DDT (1.0 +/- 0.7%) penetrated into human skin from soil. DDT would not partition from human skin into human plasma in the receptor phase (less than 0.1%). With acetone vehicle, benzo[a]pyrene (23.7 +/- 9.7%) readily penetrated into human skin. Significantly less benzo[a]pyrene (1.4 +/- 0.9%) penetrated into human skin from soil. Benzo[a]pyrene would not partition from human skin into human plasma in the receptor phase (less than 0.1%). Substantivity (skin retention) was investigated by applying 14C-labeled chemical to human skin in vitro for only 25 min. After soap and water wash, 16.7 +/- 13.2% of DDT applied in acetone remained absorbed to skin. With soil only 0.25 +/- 0.11% of DDT remained absorbed to skin. After soap and water wash 5.1 +/- 2.1% of benzo[a]pyrene applied in acetone remained absorbed to skin. With soil only 0.14 +/- 0.13% of benzo[a]pyrene remained absorbed to skin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Wester
R C
RC
Department of Dermatology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
Maibach
H I
HI
Bucks
D A
DA
Sedik
L
L
Melendres
J
J
Liao
C
C
DiZio
S
S
D000042:Absorption; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D003634:DDT / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*
D012989:Soil Pollutants; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D003634:DDT