title: Bicarbonate-buffered lidocaine-epinephrine-hyaluronidase for eyelid anesthesia.
abstract: A double-masked, randomized clinical trial was conducted to determine if subcutaneous eyelid injections of a bicarbonate-buffered lidocaine-epinephrine-hyaluronidase mixture were less painful than unbuffered injections. Twenty-one patients received both buffered (pH = 7.4) and unbuffered (pH = 4.6) injections. After each injection, patients recorded pain on a scale of 0, "no pain," to 10, "severe pain." Mean pain score for buffered injections was 2.0 versus 4.1 for unbuffered injections (P = 0.0003). Seventeen (81%) of 21 patients ranked the buffered injection less painful. Use of a bicarbonate-buffered lidocaine-epinephrine-hyaluronidase mixture is effective in making ophthalmic anesthesia less painful.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
authors: S G
authors: SG
authors: Eccarius
authors: M E
authors: ME
authors: Gordon
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Parelman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002021:Buffers; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D001639:Bicarbonates; D002021:Buffers; D008012:Lidocaine; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; D004837:Epinephrine