Normal energy intake range in children with chronic nonspecific diarrhea: association of relapses with the higher level.
An increase in energy intake often occurs at weaning. The increase may be due partly to prompting by the caregiver to accelerate the child's weight gain and partly motivated by the palatability of common weaning foods. Increased food intakes initiated during weaning and continued into the second year of life may be associated with chronic, nonspecific diarrhea in selected children. An educational project was designed to reduce intakes augmented by either cause. Reductions were achieved by the regulation of energy-dense foods in the child's diet and reliance on the child's appetite control to determine meal size. The educational intervention was applied prospectively under nonblinded, controlled conditions. Children, 1 to 2 years of age, with chronic nonspecific diarrhea were assigned randomly to either a treatment or control group. Compliance, food consumption, preprandial glycemia, and outdoor activities were reported by the children's mothers in four 7-day diaries; symptoms related to the children's clinical condition and anthropometric and biochemical indices of nutritional status were noted at the beginning and end of a 7-month period. Forty-four of 53 children in the experimental group maintained compliance, and 44 of 47 children in the control group completed the follow-up. Energy intake decreased significantly by almost one-third in the experimental group. Growth, skinfold thickness measurements, and outdoor activities were similar between experimental and control groups over the 7-month period. Diarrheal episodes occurred in 6, 1, and 2 children in the experimental group at 1.5, 3, and 7 months and in 22, 18, and 15 children in the control group, respectively (p less than 0.002).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ciampolini
M
M
Dipartimento di Pediatria, Universitá di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
Vicarelli
D
D
Seminara
S
S
D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006128:Growth; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence