title: The hanging columella.
abstract: A hanging columella significantly detracts from otherwise pleasing nasal esthetics. Preoperative assessment of the nasal base is crucial to determine the etiology of a pre-existing hanging columella, and to assess the potential for creating such a deformity with rhinoplasty. Prevention or correction of a hanging columella requires surgical techniques that take into consideration the anatomic tip dynamic factors involved. We discuss the anatomy of the nasal base, define the hanging columella, and distinguish this entity from others with which it can be confused. We propose a methodical approach to the evaluation of the hanging columella, and recommend corrective techniques which we have found successful in achieving good cosmetic results.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: P A
authors: PA
authors: Adamson
authors: G J
authors: GJ
authors: Tropper
authors: B L
authors: BL
authors: McGraw
mesh_terms: D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000601:surgery; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*