Elevated serum placental isoferritin in newly diagnosed type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. A possible marker for identification of high risk subjects.
Placental isoferritin is produced by activated T lymphocytes and may, therefore, be considered as a manifestation of T cell involvement. Placental isoferritin is measured using CM-H-9 monoclonal antibody which binds exclusively to placental isoferritin. Placental isoferritin has been determined in the serum of 80 patients with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, 100 healthy first degree relatives and 81 healthy children. Serum levels which were measured in Type 1 diabetic patients, (24.0-140 U/ml; median and range) were significantly higher than those of family members (0,0-73; median and range; p less than 0.0001) and normal control subjects (0,0-48; median and range; p less than 0.0001). Using 0-10 U/ml as the upper limit of normal, it was found that 31 of 50 (62%) of Type 1 diabetic patients, 25 of 100 (25%) family members and 7 of 81 (8.6%) healthy control subjects had abnormal placental isoferritin levels. Islet cell antibodies were positive in 31 of 44 tested diabetic patients and, in 8 of 71 tested family members, and among them 54.8% and 50% respectively also had elevated placental isoferritin levels. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between islet cell antibodies and placental isoferritin levels. Treatment of Type 1 diabetic patients with insulin was accompanied by a significant decrease (p less than 0.002) of serum placental isoferritin within 2-4 weeks of treatment. It is noteworthy that placental isoferritin was below detection in 34 of 35 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Assa
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Institute of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
Moroz
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C
D000293:Adolescent; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors
D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin; C024211:islet cell antibody; D005293:Ferritins