[Antipsychiatry and identity crisis in psychiatry].
Whereas at the turn of the century in Germany antipsychiatry left intact the medical concept of disease and comprehension of the role of the physician and medical institutions, this sector was initially questioned vehemently in the conception of "psychotherapie institutionelle" in France and later in the reform efforts in Britain and North-America. This disclosure of the questionability of an argumentation in terms of pure exact science promoted by the tendencies of the theory of science (Frankfurt School) in the 1950s and 1960s encouraged these reform efforts and questioned the objectivism which had been dominant up to that time. However, for the clinical domain it also led to a profound crisis of legitimation and thus to a crisis of the self-conception of the physician, which is linked fundamentally to diagnosis, indication and responsibly justified medical intervention. It was especially difficult to react appropriately to the challenges of antipsychiatry for those psychiatrists who had clearly recognized the deficiencies or the nonfeasibility of an approach based exclusively on exact science as a source of legitimation for medical action. These psychiatrists had gone along with the subjectivistic trend change with the criticism of traditional associated with this, asymmetric, dyadic doctor-patient relationship. In this context, they had rejected objectivizing diagnostics and the apersonal disease model ("therapeutic community") in the hope that this would bring about humanization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Kick
H
H
Psychiatrische Klinik, Universität Heidelberg.
D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000639:trends*; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000639:trends; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
Antipsychiatrie und die Krise im Selbstverständnis der Psychiatrie.