Interaction between orally administered tyramine and moclobemide.
This article describes a standardized oral tyramine pressor test designed to give information on safety aspects in the real everyday life situation where tyramine is ingested only with food. Results showed that significantly higher doses of tyramine were required to raise standing blood pressure by at least 30 mmHg (TYR 30) when it was taken with food than when subjects fasted. The same test was then conducted in 8 healthy volunteers during treatment with moclobemide 200 mg 3 times daily and tranylcypromine 10 mg 3 times daily. With moclobemide the mean TYR 30 dose was 306 mg, and the ratio of this to baseline was 5.0. With tranylcypromine, however, the mean TYR 30 dose was only 35 mg and the TSF ratio 38.2. The potentiation by tranylcypromine was thus 7.6 times greater than that of moclobemide. When tyramine was given in the food under treatment with MAO inhibitors, the TYR 30 doses were larger than those obtained under fasting conditions, but the TSF ratios were not altered. When the tyramine was given in a protein-rich or a lipid-rich meal, the previously established TYR 30 had significantly less effect on the blood pressure. The lowest TYR 30 dose during moclobemide treatment is at least 150 mg tyramine, an amount contained in about 300 g strong cheese or 100 g of yeast extract. These quantities are unlikely to be consumed in a normal meal. The corresponding TYR 30 dose for tranylcypromine, however, is only 20 mg tyramine, which can easily be contained in a fairly normal portion of strong cheese (40 g).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Zimmer
R
R
Pharma Clinical Research, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basle, Switzerland.
Puech
A J
AJ
Philipp
F
F
Korn
A
A
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D002611:Cheese / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005518:Food Preferences; D006801:Humans; D020912:Moclobemide; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014439:Tyramine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D020912:Moclobemide; D014439:Tyramine