title: Cryopreservation of spermatozoa from cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).
abstract: Three egg-yolk diluents, which have been used successfully in cryopreservation of human spermatozoa, were compared for their ability to protect macaque semen against cryodamage. TEST (Tes + Tris + egg yolk), TEST with 20% skim milk (TSM), and egg yolk-citrate (EYC), each with 3 or 5% glycerol were compared using 12 ejaculates from 6 male cynomolgus macaques. Computer-aided analysis of sperm motion was used to determine the percentage motility (%M), curvilinear velocity (VCL), and linearity (LIN) of spermatozoa after thawing. The supravital stain Hoechst 33258 and a fluoresceinated pea lectin were used to determine the % of viable spermatozoa with intact acrosomes. TSM and TEST were superior to EYC in terms of % M and of % viable, acrosome-intact spermatozoa. TSM and TEST produced equivalent VCL and LIN values, while EYC had clearly reduced VCL and LIN. There were no interactions between diluent and glycerol level. The 3% glycerol level gave superior results to 5% glycerol for %M. EYC, which is widely used for cryopreservation of human spermatozoa, was not suitable for cynomolgus monkey semen. Artificial insemination with semen cryopreserved in TSM resulted in a healthy, full-term infant.
authors: California Primate Research Center, Davis.
authors: T L
authors: TL
authors: Tollner
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: VandeVoort
authors: J W
authors: JW
authors: Overstreet
authors: E Z
authors: EZ
authors: Drobnis
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents