Urothelial cell changes due to busulfan and cyclophosphamide treatment in bone marrow transplantation.
Since the administration of cyclophosphamide and busulfan can cause hemorrhagic cystitis and changes in urothelial cells, an investigation was carried out to see whether patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) who were treated with these drugs showed such urothelial changes and whether exfoliative urinary cytology can contribute to the early diagnosis and monitoring of such changes. Morphologic and morphometric analyses were performed on cytocentrifuged, Papanicolaou-stained preparations of 700 samples from 107 patients. Various degrees of urothelial cell changes were found in 30.8% of the cases. These changes consisted mainly of a considerable increase in the size of the nucleus and of a cytoplasm that was often bizarrely shaped. Even the structures of the nucleus and the cytoplasm changed. The results of this study showed that exfoliative urinary cytology permits an early diagnosis and monitoring of urothelial cell changes related to the administration of busulfan and cyclophosphamide in connection with BMT.
Stella
F
F
Institute of Histology and Laboratory Analysis, University of Urbino, Italy.
Battistelli
S
S
Marcheggiani
F
F
De Santis
M
M
Giardini
C
C
Baronciani
D
D
Manenti
F
F
Mattioli
S
S
Troccoli
R
R
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002066:Busulfan / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000601:surgery; D013789:Thalassemia / Q000601:surgery; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology
D003524:Cyclosporins; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002066:Busulfan