title: Sepsis does not alter red blood cell glucose metabolism or Na+ concentration: a 2H-, 23Na-NMR study.
abstract: The effects of sepsis on intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) and glucose metabolism were examined in rat red blood cells (RBCs) by using 23Na- and 2H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Sepsis was induced in 15 halothane-anesthetized female Sprague-Dawley rats by using the cecal ligation and perforation technique; 14 control rats underwent cecal manipulation without ligation. The animals were fasted for 36 h, but allowed free access to water. At 36 h postsurgery, RBCs were examined by 23Na-NMR by using dysprosium tripolyphosphate as a chemical shift reagent. Human RBCs from 17 critically ill nonseptic patients and from 7 patients who were diagnosed as septic were also examined for [Na+]i. Five rat RBC specimens had [Na+]i determined by both 23Na-NMR and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). For glucose metabolism studies, RBCs from septic and control rats were suspended in modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing [6,6-2H2]glucose and examined by 2H-NMR. No significant differences in [Na+]i or glucose utilization were found in RBCs from control or septic rats. There were no differences in [Na+]i in the two groups of patients. The [Na+]i determined by NMR spectroscopy agreed closely with measurements using ICP-AES and establish that 100% of the [Na+]i of the RBC is visible by NMR. Glucose measurements determined by 2H-NMR correlated closely (correlation coefficient = 0.93) with enzymatic analysis. These studies showed no evidence that sepsis disturbed RBC membrane function or metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis 63110.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hotchkiss
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ackerman
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Karl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003903:Deuterium; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005470:Fluorometry / Q000379:methods; D007239:Infections / Q000097:blood*; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007773:Lactates; D019344:Lactic Acid; D012964:Sodium; D003903:Deuterium