title: Chronic, massive fetomaternal hemorrhage treated with repeated fetal intravascular transfusions.
abstract: We report the first known case of chronic, massive fetomaternal hemorrhage managed by serial fetal intravascular transfusions. Timing of transfusions was guided by fetal heart rate patterns and fetal movement evaluation. Despite severe anemia and a sinusoidal heart rate pattern, the fetus demonstrated normal blood gases and no sign of hydrops.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuhlman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wapner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001805:Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart; D005324:Fetal Movement; D005331:Fetomaternal Transfusion / Q000628:therapy*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006406:Hematoma / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D010922:Placenta Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome