title: An efficient synthesis of ganglioside GM3: highly stereocontrolled glycosylations by use of auxiliaries.
abstract: An efficiently stereocontrolled total synthesis of GM3 alpha-D-Neup5Ac-(2----3)-beta-D-Galp-(1----4)-beta-D-Glcp-(1----1) -Cer was achieved by employing both methyl 5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-benzyl-2-bromo-2,3,5-trideoxy-3- phenylthio-D-erythro-beta-L-gluco-2-nonulopyranosonate for the key sialylation step, and O-[methyl(5-acetamido-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-alpha -D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosyl)onate]-(2----3)-O-(2,4,6-tri-O- acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-3,6-di-O-acetyl-2-O-pivaloyl- alpha-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate and fluoride for the key coupling step with a ceramide derivative. These two steps were significantly altered and improved in comparison with our previous synthesis that had been executed without use of stereocontrolling auxiliaries. GM3 was obtained in 4.5% overall yield in 19 steps starting from allyl O-(2,6-di-O-acetyl-3,4-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1----4 )-2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Institute, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Numata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D005679:G(M3) Ganglioside / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006031:Glycosylation; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D005679:G(M3) Ganglioside