title: Expression of human globin genes in transgenic mice carrying the beta-globin gene cluster with a mutation causing G gamma beta + hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin.
abstract: We have introduced into the mouse germ line the 40-kilobase (kb) Kpn I fragment containing the beta-globin gene cluster from an individual with a non-deletion form of hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) believed to be due to a point mutation at position -202 of the G gamma-globin gene. The G gamma-globin gene, as well as the beta-globin gene, was expressed in adult erythroid tissues of the resulting transgenic mice. The level of expression of the G gamma-globin gene was about 20% of that of the beta-globin gene. Others have previously shown that cloned individual normal human beta- and gamma-globin genes containing a limited amount of 5'- and 3'-flanking DNA are expressed in a manner similar to that of their corresponding murine homologs during development in transgenic mice. In contrast, we have observed that the pattern of expression of the normal (non-mutated) A gamma- and beta-globin genes in the 40-kb insert was different from that of their corresponding murine homologs. The beta-globin gene remained inactive at the fetal stage, whereas the normal A gamma-globin gene was expressed beyond the embryonic (yolk sac) stage into the fetal stage of development and then became inactive in adult erythroid cells. The pattern of expression of the human globin transgenes during mouse development resembles that observed during human development. These results suggest that the gross organization of the human beta-like globin gene cluster is important for stage-specific expression of each human globin gene during development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rood
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Weissman
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Forget
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chamberlain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D015870:Gene Expression; D005865:Gestational Age; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics*; D006441:Hemoglobin A / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D009154:Mutation; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D009928:Organ Specificity; D015347:RNA Probes
chemical_list: D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D015347:RNA Probes; D005914:Globins; D006441:Hemoglobin A