title: Red cell choline in spasmodic torticollis and in a monozygotic twin pair with Tourette's syndrome.
abstract: 1. Alterations in cholinergic function may play a role in the pathophysiology of idiopathic spasmodic torticollis (ST) and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (GTS). We measured red blood cell (RBC) choline in (i) ST (n = 24) and paired controls matched for age and gender (ii) a 20-year old pair of monozygotic twins with GTS, one of whom was moderately affected (CV) and the other virtually recovered (DV) (iii) both parents of the GTS twins, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 2. RBC choline decreased with age in control men (r = -0.76; p less than 0.01) but not in control women. 3. RBC choline (nmol/ml) was higher in control men (18.3 +/- 4.8, X +/- SD) vs control women (13.1 +/- 4.3) (p = 0.025). 4. There was no significant difference in RBC choline (nmol/ml) between ST patients (16.6 +/- 5.0) and controls (15.5 +/- 5.2). 5. The RBC choline values (nmol/ml) in the twins and parents were: 56.6 (CV), 58.3 (DV), 89.8 (father), 38.3 (mother) and in the controls (age 20-24) (n = 5) 18.2 +/- 3.6. 6. These data suggest (i) RBC choline is affected by age and gender (ii) RBC choline is unchanged in ST (iii) the regulation of RBC choline is under genetic control (iv) elevated RBC choline is not a state marker for GTS.
authors.affiliation: Douglas Hospital Research Center, Verdun, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kiely
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waserman
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Vasavan Nair
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002794:Choline / Q000097:blood*; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D014103:Torticollis / Q000097:blood*; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic
chemical_list: D002794:Choline