title: Synthesis of 13C-labeled steroid hormones.
abstract: The synthesis of 13C-labeled steroid hormones is reviewed. Two general approaches are highlighted: partial synthesis in which part of the steroid nucleus is replaced with 13C-labeled synthons, and total synthesis. Examples from both approaches, leading to (3-(3)C)-, (4-(13)C)-, (3,4-(13)C2)-, and (1,2,3,4-(13)C4)- labeled steroid hormones (e.g., testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol), are presented.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zomer
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Stavenuiter
mesh_terms: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D013256:Steroids