title: HDL-cholesterol as a risk factor in coronary heart disease. An update of the Helsinki Heart Study.
abstract: The aim of the Helsinki Heart Study, a 5-year primary prevention placebo-controlled study involving 4081 dyslipidaemic men (aged 40 to 55 years), was to investigate if increasing high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol plasma levels and decreasing low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels would reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease. Gemfibrozil 600mg twice daily was administered to induce these changes in lipoprotein levels. Baseline HDL-cholesterol levels in the study group were similar to those in the general population. Data from patients treated with placebo were analysed to investigate the influence of HDL-cholesterol levels on the incidence of coronary heart disease. Using the number of cardiac end-points per 1000 person-years to indicate the risk of coronary heart disease, it was clear that elevated HDL-cholesterol levels reduced the risk of coronary heart disease while the incidence increased at low HDL-cholesterol levels. This relationship was not altered when the effect of HDL-cholesterol levels was analysed jointly with other coronary risk factors (age, smoking or blood pressure). A weaker association was seen between LDL-cholesterol and risk of coronary heart disease, and triglycerides appeared to have no significant effect on the incidence of the disease. The data clearly suggest that HDL-cholesterol is a strong predictor of the incidence of coronary heart disease in the placebo group of the Helsinki Heart Study.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Frick
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Manninen
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Huttunen
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tenkanen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mänttäri
mesh_terms: D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D002784:Cholesterol