title: Occurrence of Gibberella zeae strains that produce both nivalenol and deoxynivalenol.
abstract: By single ascospore isolation, several sets of asci containing eight ascospores were isolated from perithecia of Gibberella zeae. Of these sets, seven were investigated for their ability to produce 8-ketotrichothecene mycotoxins on rice grains. Analyses were made with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography with 63Ni electron capture detection. Of 56 total isolates, 11 produced nivalenol, 4-acetylnivalenol, and deoxynivalenol, 1 produced nivalenol and deoxynivalenol, 7 produced deoxynivalenol and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 19 produced deoxynivalenol and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, and 6 produced deoxynivalenol and both 15- and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol. The remaining 12 isolates produced nivalenol and 4-acetylnivalenol. All isolates of G. zeae that we examined could produce 8-ketotrichothecenes in this investigation. This report is the first to demonstrate the presence of G. zeae isolates producing both nivalenol and deoxynivalenol. In addition, differences in the production between 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol are discussed in relation to culture conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Microbial Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueno
mesh_terms: D005874:Gibberella / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes; C038405:nivalenol; C007262:deoxynivalenol