title: Cerebral calcification and learning disabilities following cranial irradiation for medulloblastoma.
abstract: Six children who received craniospinal irradiation for medulloblastoma when they were under 10 years of age developed learning disabilities. Four exhibited associated temporal lobe calcification on computerized tomography of the brain. The pathogenetic mechanisms of postirradiation cerebral calcification and learning disabilities in these children are discussed. We present the hypothesis that irradiation-induced vasculopathy results in hypoxia, most pronounced in the hippocampus. Hippocampal damage can manifest radiologically as calcifications and clinically as memory and learning disabilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Abayomi
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008527:Medulloblastoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed