title: Leukoencephalomalacia in two horses induced by oral dosing of fumonisin B1.
abstract: Leukoencephalomalacia (LEM) was induced by the oral administration of fumonisin B1 (FB1) to 2 horses: a filly received 59.5 mg/kg of a 50% preparation of FB1, administered in 21 doses of 1.25-4 mg/kg over 33 days; a colt, 44.3 mg/kg of 95% pure FB1 in 20 doses of 1-4 mg/kg in 29 days. Both animals developed nervous signs such as apathy, changes in temperament, inco-ordination, walking into objects, and one showed paralysis of the lips and tongue. Characteristic lesions of LEM were present in the brains. These trials proved conclusively that FB1 can induce LEM in horses.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Research Institute, Onderstepoort, Republic of South Africa.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kellerman
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Marasas
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Thiel
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Gelderblom
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cawood
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Coetzer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D004678:Encephalomalacia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D037341:Fumonisins; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006736:Horses; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; C056933:fumonisin B1