title: Avoidance of sedation during total colonoscopy.
abstract: A prospective study of the necessity of sedation, or analgesia, or both in total colonoscopy was performed. The procedures were performed in the office on 212 consecutive, nonselected patients. Intravenous sedation was not started initially, and all procedures were begun without medication. If the patient developed significant discomfort or sharp pain, intravenous diazepam (Valium, Roche, Nutley, NJ) or midazolam (Versed, Roche, Nutley, NJ) was given. Total colonoscopy was successful in 201 (95 percent) patients. Of these procedures, 173 (82 percent) patients required no analgesia or sedation. In the remaining 39 (18 percent) patients, only small doses of Valium or Versed were necessary. There were 2 (1 percent) complications, but they were directly related to polypectomy (stalk bleeding, serosal burn) and not to the colonoscopy. Patient acceptance was high because most of the patients were able to leave the office immediately after the procedure and many (at least 82 percent) were able to return to work or resume normal activities that same day. Intravenous sedation is routinely used during total colonoscopy by most practitioners and is considered the standard of care in most communities. However, the need for sedation during total colonoscopy has never been proven and is probably not necessary in most cases. Furthermore, when sedation is necessary, most patients are probably over-anesthetized. This is significant, as it may make total colonoscopy more accessible, less expensive, and safer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida.
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Herman
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D003113:Colonoscopy; D003975:Diazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008874:Midazolam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D003975:Diazepam; D008874:Midazolam