title: Hepatitis B pre-S1 and pre-S2 proteins: clinical significance and relation to hepatitis B virus DNA.
abstract: Pre-S proteins may have an important role in virus assembly and virus entry into the host cell. The presence of pre-S proteins in serum has also been thought to correlate with active viral replication. To investigate whether pre-S proteins in serum might have additional diagnostic and/or predictive value for liver sequelae in HBV infection, sera from six different serological groups of patients with HBV markers (total number 363) and different manifestations of liver histology were examined for the presence of pre-S1 and pre-S2 proteins using micro-ELISAs. Pre-S1 and pre-S2 proteins were detected significantly more often in HBV-DNA-positive than in HBV-DNA-negative sera from HBsAg carriers. However, pre-S1 and pre-S2 proteins were also found in HBV-DNA-negative HBsAg carriers irrespective of serum HBeAg/anti-HBe or liver histologic findings. These results suggest that the presence of the pre-S1 and or pre-S2 proteins in serum either does not seem to reflect the presence of active viral replication and active liver disease or pre-S proteins are more readily detectable than HBeAg and HB-DNA as measured by a dot-blot technique. Furthermore, the presence of pre-S proteins in serum is strongly correlated with that of HBsAg.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, St. Radboud University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: van Ditzhuijsen
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kuijpers
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Koens
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rijntjes
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: van Loon
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yap
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000032:analysis*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D011498:Protein Precursors; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C050806:presurface protein 1, hepatitis B surface antigen; C050807:presurface protein 2, hepatitis B surface antigen