title: Application of radiotelemetric technique in evaluating diclofenac sodium absorption after oral administration of various dosage forms in healthy volunteers.
abstract: A radiotelemetric technique with the Heidelberg capsule (HC) was used to improve the quality of data generated in a bioavailability study involving an enteric-coated (EC) formulation. Further, changes in plasma levels of the drug from other dosage forms were related to changes in pH environment as determined by the HC. Eight healthy male subjects received the following treatments, 15 min after a light breakfast, according to a randomized, four-way crossover design: (A) HC and 75 mg of a diclofenac sodium aqueous buffered solution: (B) HC and one 75-mg Voltaren EC tablet; (C) HC and one 100-mg Voltaren slow-release (SR) tablet; and (D) HC alone. Each treatment was separated by a 1-week washout period. Two additional subjects subsequently received Treatment B only. Multiple peaks were observed in the drug plasma level-time profiles for the buffered aqueous solution which, in all cases, occurred before gastric emptying of the HC. The multiple peaks were not observed for the Voltaren SR tablet, but a variable absorption lag time occurred which coincided with the gastric residence time of the SR tablet. For the EC tablet the variability of individual plasma level-time profiles was drastically reduced when the time after dosing was adjusted to coincide with gastric emptying of the HC. Finally, the lag time between gastric emptying of the EC tablet and the onset of drug absorption was consistently at 1 hr for all subjects. This lag time was longer than the in vitro disintegration or dissolution times measured under USP conditions.
authors.affiliation: Development Department, CIBA-GEIGY Corporation, Ardsley, New York 10502.
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mojaverian
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ziehmer
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: John
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001682:Biological Availability; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012996:Solutions; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D013686:Telemetry
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D012996:Solutions; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D004008:Diclofenac