title: Cholecystokinin, dopamine and schizophrenia.
abstract: Immunoreactive-cholecystokinin (CCK) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was examined in 11 drug-free DSM-III schizophrenic patients and 6 age-matched controls. CSF CCK was significantly lower (p less than .002) in schizophrenic subjects than in controls and was significantly lower (p less than .01) in male than female schizophrenic subjects. CSF CCK was significantly lower (p less than .04) in schizophrenic subjects whose antipsychotic response was delayed 28 or more days after initiation of haloperidol compared with earlier drug responders. CCK appears to be required for neuroleptic-induced depolarization-inactivation of dopamine neurons and associated antipsychotic response; therefore, schizophrenic patients with low CCK may be resistant to the antipsychotic effects of neuroleptics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Garver
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Beinfeld
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002766:Cholecystokinin; D006220:Haloperidol; D004298:Dopamine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid