title: Comprehensive evaluation of attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity as defined by research criteria.
abstract: Children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADD+H; N = 48) were compared with those without hyperactivity (ADD-H; N = 42), as well as with learning disabled and control children, on an extensive battery of interviews, behavior ratings, tests, and direct observations. ADD+H children had more externalizing and internalizing symptoms by parent and teacher report, were more off task during vigilance testing, and had more substance abuse, ADD+H, and aggression among their relatives than did the other groups. ADD-H children were more day-dreamy and lethargic by teacher report, more impaired in perceptual-motor speed, and had more anxiety disorders among their relatives than did ADD+H children. Results indicate that these 2 types of ADD may be separate, distinct childhood disorders rather than subtypes of a common attention deficit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Barkley
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: DuPaul
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: McMurray
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D001288:Attention; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D009043:Motor Activity; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics