title: Effect of a continuously applied compressive pressure on mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) in vitro.
abstract: Bone metabolism is often affected by a variety of mechanical forces, but the cytological basis of their action is not known. In this study, we examined the effect of a continuously applied compressive pressure (CCP) on the growth and differentiation of clonal mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) cultured in a specifically devised culture chamber. The gas phase of the chamber was maintained at a pressure of 2 atmospheres (atm) above ambient (3 atm total, 3.1 kg/cm2; 3.0 x 10(5) Pa) by continuously infusing a compressed mixed gas (O2: N2:CO2 = 7.0%:91.3%:1.7%). The pO2, pCO2, and pH in the culture medium at 37 degrees C under 3 atm were maintained at the same levels as those under 1 atm. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in alpha-minimal essential medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum under either 3 atm in the CCP culture chamber or 1 atm in an ordinary CO2 incubator. Alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of osteoblasts, was greatly suppressed by the CCP treatment. The inhibition of alkaline phosphatase activity was rapidly restored when the cells were transferred to an ordinary CO2 incubator under 1 atm, indicating that the inhibition of alkaline phosphatase activity by CCP is reversible. Cell growth was not altered under CCP. The CCP treatment greatly increased the production and secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Adding either conditioned medium from the CCP culture or exogenous PGE2 to the control culture under 1 atm suppressed alkaline phosphatase activity dose-dependently. The CCP treatment also suppressed collagen synthesis and calcification. These results suggest that CCP causes the cells to produce and secrete PGE2, which, in turn, inhibits differentiation of osteoblasts and the concomitant calcification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiraide
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuhara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D015232:Dinoprostone