title: Clinical guides to preventing ethical conflicts between pregnant women and their physicians.
abstract: We provide a justification for preventive ethics in obstetric practice. Four clinical guides to resolving ethical conflicts between pregnant women and their physicians can be identified: (1) informed consent as an ongoing dialogue between the pregnant woman and her physician, (2) negotiation as a clinical strategy, (3) respectful persuasion as a clinical strategy, and (4) the proper use of ethics committees.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, NY 10021.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Chervenak
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: McCullough
mesh_terms: D026686:Beneficence; D032882:Comprehension; D030881:Disclosure; D028741:Ethics Committees, Clinical; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D033222:Judicial Role; D028681:Moral Obligations; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011247:Pregnancy; D037841:Pregnant People; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012945:Social Values; D014342:Truth Disclosure; D035501:Uncertainty