title: Development of the foot in prenatal life in relation to idiopathic club foot.
abstract: The development of the human foot from the eighth to the twenty-first intrauterine week was studied in 147 specimens. The results documented a stage of "physiologic club foot" characterized by a medial deviation and plantigrade orientation of talar neck and head during the ninth week. At the same time, the calcaneus assumes a position of varus with the forefoot in adduction. By the eleventh week, the foot assumes a normal position. All findings during the stage of physiologic club foot closely resemble those of the intrinsic type of club foot.
authors.affiliation: University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Uhthoff
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D003025:Clubfoot / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005355:Fibrosis; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D013484:Supination