title: Transcription factors different from the estrogen receptor stimulate in vitro transcription from promoters containing estrogen response elements.
abstract: The estrogen response element (ERE) directly linked to a TATA box induces CAT activity in a hormone-dependent manner in Fe 33 cells, the rat hepatoma cell line FTO-2B, stably transfected with the human estrogen receptor (ER). The same promoter construct mediates the stimulation of in vitro transcription. This stimulation is dependent on the presence of the ERE. Induction of transcription in a variety of nuclear extracts derived from mammalian cells is of the same magnitude irrespective of the presence of ER. Similarly, transcription in vitro mediated by B1 vitellogenin 5' flanking sequences in different nuclear extracts is not due to the interaction of the ER with the ERE. Competition analyses with a variety of oligonucleotides reveal that proteins different from the ER, which recognize ERE-like DNA elements, functionally interact with the ERE in vitro. These experiments suggest that ubiquitous proteins related or even identical to the transcription factor USF (MLTF) activate in vitro transcription in an ERE-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Genetik und für Toxikologie von Spaltstoffen, F.R.G.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaling
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Weimar-Ehl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kleinhans
authors.forename: G U
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Ryffel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011089:Polydeoxyribonucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C051096:MLTF protein, adenovirus; D011089:Polydeoxyribonucleotides; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014819:Vitellogenins; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol; D004247:DNA; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase