title: Glycine protects preimplantation mouse conceptuses from a detrimental effect on development of the inorganic ions in oviductal fluid.
abstract: Two-cell mouse conceptuses were cultured in media that contained various concentrations of inorganic ions and amino acids. Substrates of the amino acid transport system Gly were detrimental to development at slightly hyposmotic concentrations of other ions. In contrast, these amino acids increased the frequency at which two-cell conceptuses developed into blastocysts at total ion concentrations of 355 to 405 mM. Data reported elsewhere is consistent with the possibility that the total ion concentration in oviductal fluid exceeds 360 mM, whereas the concentration of glycine in this fluid may be on the order of 10 mM. Therefore, a high ion concentration and glycine may counteract the potentially harmful effects of each other in situ. Like some marine organisms, preimplantation mouse conceptuses may use glycine as an intracellular osmolite because accumulation of inorganic ions could perturb the activities of some enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Van Winkle
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Haghighat
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Campione
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000378:metabolism; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005998:Glycine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007477:Ions; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010057:Oviducts / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D007477:Ions; D005998:Glycine