title: Pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in mature Holstein bulls: steady-state kinetics after multiple oral dosing.
abstract: Six mature Holstein bulls were given an 8-day course of phenylbutazone (PBZ) orally (loading dose, 12 mg of PBZ/kg of body weight and 7 maintenance doses of 6 mg of PBZ/kg, q 24 h). Plasma concentration-vs-time data were analyzed, using nonlinear regression modeling. The harmonic mean +/- pseudo-SD of the biologic half-life of PBZ was 61.8 +/- 12.8 hours. The arithmetic mean +/- SEM of the total body clearance and apparent volume of distribution were 0.0021 +/- 0.0001 L/h/kg and 0.201 +/- 0.009 L/kg, respectively. The predicted mean minimal plasma concentration of PBZ with this dosage regimen was 75.06 +/- 4.05 micrograms/ml. The predicted minimal plasma drug concentration was compared with the observed minimal plasma drug concentration in another group of bulls treated with PBZ for at least 60 days. Sixteen mature Holstein bulls were given approximately 6 mg of PBZ/kg, PO, daily for various musculoskeletal disorders. The mean observed minimal plasma concentration of PBZ in the 16 bulls was 76.10 +/- 2.04 micrograms/ml, whereas the mean predicted minimal plasma concentration was 74.69 +/- 3.10 micrograms/ml. Dosages of 4 to 6 mg of PBZ/kg, q 24 h, or 10 to 14 mg of PBZ/kg, q 48 h, provided therapeutic plasma concentrations of PBZ with minimal steady-state concentrations between 50 and 70 micrograms/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Boudinot
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Knight
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule / Q000662:veterinary; D006706:Homeostasis; D008297:Male; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D010653:Phenylbutazone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010653:Phenylbutazone