title: Effects of azaprophen, scopolamine and trihexyphenidyl on schedule-controlled behavior, before and after chronic physostigmine.
abstract: The effects of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists, azaprophen (0.3-10.0 mg/kg), scopolamine (0.01-3.0 mg/kg) and trihexyphenidyl (0.3-10.0 mg/kg) were examined in rats using a VI 18 s schedule of food reinforcement, before and after chronic physostigmine administration. All three compounds produced dose-dependent decreases [corrected] in the rate of responding. Scopolamine was more potent than trihexyphenidyl which was equipotent to azaprophen. All three compounds antagonized the response rate-decreasing effects of physostigmine in a dose-dependent fashion. Following 43 consecutive daily administrations of physostigmine (0.4 mg/kg), partial tolerance developed to its response rate-decreasing effects. When the three antagonists were again examined (alone and in combination with physostigmine), their effects were generally unchanged. These results further characterize the behavioral effects of azaprophen, scopolamine and trihexyphenidyl. These results also suggest that tolerance to physostigmine's effects can be mediated through behavioral rather than pharmacological mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Neurosciences, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Genovese
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D008297:Male; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014282:Trihexyphenidyl / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014326:Tropanes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010666:Phenylpropionates; D014326:Tropanes; C052339:azaprophen; D014282:Trihexyphenidyl; D010830:Physostigmine; D012601:Scopolamine; D000109:Acetylcholine