title: Permeation of glycerol and propane-1,2-diol into human platelets.
abstract: The permeability of human platelets to glycerol (GLY) and propane-1,2-diol (propylene glycol, PG) has been determined by measuring the time course of their change in volume following abrupt immersion in solutions of these solutes. A simple light-scattering method, and its calibration to measure mean platelet volume is described. The data are analyzed by means of the Kedem-Katchalsky (K-K) equations, modified to take into account the nonideal behavior of both intracellular and extracellular solutes. The values of the K-K parameters at 2, 21, and 37 degrees C, respectively, were as follows: the hydraulic conductivities (Lp) were 1 x 10(-7), 7 x 10(-7) and 3 x 10(-6) cm.sec-1.atm-1; the solute permeabilities for PG (omega RTPG) were 1.9 x 10(-6), 2.8 x 10(-5), and 1.3 x 10(-4) cm.sec-1; the solute permeabilities for GLY (omega RTGLY), at 21 and 37 degrees C only, were 2.6 x 10(-7) and 1.4 x 10(-6) cm.sec-1. The reflection coefficient (sigma) was 1 throughout. The relevant activation energies were -Lp, 16.5 kcal.mol-1; omega RTPG, 20.5 kcal.mol-1; and omega RTGLY, 17.9 kcal.mol-1. The use of these data is illustrated by computing schedules for the addition and removal of GLY and PG so that the amplitudes of changes in platelet volume are held within predetermined limits.
authors.affiliation: MRC Medical Cryobiology Group, University Department of Surgery, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Arnaud
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Pegg
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005990:Glycerol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010539:Permeability; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D005990:Glycerol