title: Isothermal, in vitro amplification of nucleic acids by a multienzyme reaction modeled after retroviral replication.
abstract: A target nucleic acid sequence can be replicated (amplified) exponentially in vitro under isothermal conditions by using three enzymatic activities essential to retroviral replication: reverse transcriptase, RNase H, and a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. By mimicking the retroviral strategy of RNA replication by means of cDNA intermediates, this reaction accumulates cDNA and RNA copies of the original target. Product accumulation is exponential with respect to time, indicating that newly synthesized cDNAs and RNAs function as templates for a continuous series of transcription and reverse transcription reactions. Ten million-fold amplification occurs after a 1- to 2-hr incubation, with an initial rate of amplification of 10-fold every 2.5 min. This self-sustained sequence replication system is useful for the detection and nucleotide sequence analysis of rare RNAs and DNAs. The analogy to aspects of retroviral replication is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine 92161.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Guatelli
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Whitfield
authors.forename: D Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kwoh
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Barringer
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Richman
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Gingeras
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D012367:RNA, Viral