title: Live attenuated and inactivated influenza vaccine in school-age children.
abstract: In 1985, we enrolled 189 school-age children by family in a double-blind study to determine protection against influenza by a single dose of cold-recombinant bivalent A vaccine or commercial trivalent inactivated vaccine compared with placebo. All children in school or day care, 3 to 18 years of age, in an enrolled family received the same preparation. Following vaccination, 60% and 21% of cold-recombinant bivalent A vaccine recipients and 73% and 83% of trivalent inactivated vaccine recipients demonstrated fourfold or greater response in hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titer to A/H1N1 and A/H3N2, respectively. Sixty-seven percent of all trivalent inactivated vaccine recipients demonstrated a fourfold or greater serologic response to H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B following a single dose of vaccine. During the 1985-1986 influenza B/Ann Arbor epidemic, heterotypic protection afforded by the influenza B/USSR component of trivalent inactivated vaccine was 62% compared with placebo. A single dose of trivalent inactivated vaccine protected school-age children, 6 to 19 years of age, from influenza B infection; the rate of protection was 64% against infection and 73% against febrile illness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Taber
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Glezen
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Clover
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Abell
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Demmler
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Couch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated