title: Evaluation of the potency and safety of inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine in US inhabitants.
abstract: In 1981 and 1982, two US citizens died from Japanese encephalitis (JE) acquired in China. In 1983, the Centers for Disease Control initiated an evaluation of a purified, inactivated, mouse-brain-derived JE vaccine produced and used in Japan since 1966. Two doses of this vaccine given 1-2 weeks apart evoked neutralizing antibody titers greater than or equal to 8 in only 77% of recipients. After three JE vaccine doses administered 1-2 weeks apart, 99% developed titers greater than or equal to 8. When a third dose was given to 29 participants 6-12 months after the primary series, all developed titers greater than or equal to 16. Reported adverse reactions included injection site tenderness (18%), erythema (6%), or swelling (3%); headache (9%); and dizziness, fatigue, sleepiness, nausea, chills, fever, or lower back pain (less than or equal to 5%). On the basis of this study, three doses of BIKEN JE vaccine are recommended for US citizens who may be at risk of exposure to JE virus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Fort Collins, Colorado.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Poland
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Cropp
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Craven
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Monath
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000276:immunology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D014481:United States; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines