title: Development of questionnaire to examine relationship of physical activity and diabetes in Pima Indians.
abstract: There was a need to design a questionnaire that could accurately assess the activity patterns of Native Americans to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and diabetes. Such a questionnaire was developed and implemented into the data collection scheme of the prospective Pima Indian Study of Arizona. The questionnaire, which assesses historical, past-year, and past-week leisure and occupational activity, was examined in 29 Pima individuals aged 21-36 yr and was shown to be reliable with test-retest correlations (rank-order correlations ranged from 0.62 to 0.96 for leisure and occupational activity). Reproducibility of the past-year leisure physical-activity estimate was determined in 69 participants aged 10-59 yr and was found to be reliable in all age-groups with the exception of the 10- to 14-yr-old age-group (rank-order correlations were 0.31 in the 10- to 14-yr-old age-group compared to 0.88 to 0.92 in those greater than 20 yr of age). Validity of the current-activity section of the questionnaire was demonstrated indirectly through comparisons with activity monitors. The past-week leisure-activity estimate was related to the Caltrac activity monitor counts per hour (rho = 0.62, P less than 0.05, n = 17). In summary, a physical-activity questionnaire has been developed that is both reliable and feasible to use in the Pima Indian population to evaluate the relationship of physical activity to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kriska
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Knowler
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: LaPorte
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Drash
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Wing
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Kuller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001130:Arizona; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires