title: Acute toxicity from oral ingestion of crack cocaine: a report of four cases.
abstract: We report the symptomatology, clinical, and laboratory findings in four patients following oral ingestion of crack cocaine. All of the patients had a positive urine test for cocaine metabolites measured by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Retrospective analysis of the four patients revealed alterations in function of the cardiovascular system (4), the autonomic nervous system (4), the central nervous system (3), and the gastrointestinal system (1). Three patients ingested crack cocaine as a direct result of confrontation with law enforcement officers. The symptomatologies of acute toxicity from oral ingestion of crack cocaine are related to its effect on the cardiovascular system and the brain. Cocaine toxicity should be considered in patients with acute and unexplained cardiovascular, central nervous system, or gastrointestinal complaints. Law enforcement personnel should be made aware of the signs and symptoms of cocaine intoxication and be made aware of the propensity to ingest the evidence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riggs
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Weibley
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D003422:Critical Care; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine