CD4-independent, productive infection of a neuronal cell line by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
One neuronal cell line (SK-N-MC) was found to be susceptible to productive infection by multiple isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Characterization of SK-N-MC cells showed that these cells are neuroectodermal in origin in that they express dopamine hydroxylase, catecholamines, neuron-specific enolase, and neurofilaments. Despite their susceptibility to HIV-1 infection, SK-N-MC cells had no detectable CD4 and this infection was not blocked by anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (OKT4A, Leu3A) or recombinant soluble CD4. These experiments demonstrated that certain cells of neuroectodermal origin are susceptible to infection in vitro by HIV-1 via a CD4-independent mechanism.
Li
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Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA School of Medicine 90048.
Moudgil
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Vinters
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Ho
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D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D002460:Cell Line; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009474:Neurons; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014779:Virus Replication
D015703:Antigens, CD