title: A prospective study of genital infections in a family-planning clinic. 1. Microbiological findings and their association with vaginal symptoms.
abstract: A prospective study of genital infection was conducted in four inner-city family-planning clinics. Fifteen per cent of routine attenders had symptoms and signs of vaginal infection and many more women attended primarily because of symptoms. Among the women with both signs and symptoms, 70% had positive laboratory findings, Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans and bacterial vaginosis being equally prevalent. Measurement of vaginal pH in the clinic was the single most useful clinical finding for directing empirical therapy. Among patients with a discharge confirmed on examination and an abnormally high pH, 72% had either T. vaginalis or bacterial vaginosis. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from 4% of women with, and 1% of those without, symptoms. We believe that it is worthwhile to investigate patients presenting to family-planning clinics with vaginal symptoms. No single specimen was found ideal for all pathogens, a cervical swab is better for gonococci and also for T. vaginalis but a vaginal swab is needed for candida and bacterial vaginosis.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, Manchester.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Riordan
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Macaulay
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Leventhall
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Neal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000453:epidemiology; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014247:Trichomonas Vaginitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D014627:Vaginitis / Q000453:epidemiology