Prognosis of endometrial carcinoma stage I in two Swedish regions. A study with special regard to the effects of intracavitary irradiation with high dose-rate afterloading technique or with low dose-rate radium.
A high dose-rate afterloading technique (60Co) was compared with a low dose-rate packing method (226Ra) in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma stage I. In all, 1,021 patients treated during the period 1977-1986 at two Swedish gynecologic oncology centers were analyzed regarding treatment set-up, histopathologic outcome in the operative specimens, recurrence rates, survival rates and radiation side effects. Complete tumor eradication in the operative specimen was achieved in 80% after radium therapy and in 60% after irradiation by the high dose-rate technique. The overall recurrence rate was 15.7% in the radium packing series and 11.5% after cobalt afterloading treatment. The risk of pelvic recurrences increased by 2.1-2.6 if hysterectomy was replaced by dilatation and curettage. The two radiation techniques seemed to be comparable with regard to the risk of both pelvic recurrences and distant metastases. The 5-year crude survival rates were 85% in the afterloading series and 82% in the radium series. The corrected survival rates were similar (90%) for the two techniques. Age, tumor grade and uterine size were significant prognostic factors with regard to the probability of death due to cancer. Early radiation reactions had quite similar rates in the two series, whereas late radiation reactions were more frequent in the high dose-rate afterloading group in the 10-12 Gy dose fraction range, but not in the 5-8 Gy range. The radium packing method seemed to give a higher frequency of tumor-free operative specimens in this study, but with regard to recurrence rates and survival probabilities the techniques were comparable. Since the different proportion of surgery in the two series and the histopathologic evaluation might have influenced the rate of local tumor eradication in the operative specimens and the risk of pelvic recurrences the results must be assessed with great caution and only a crude comparison of the two treatment techniques could be made.
Sorbe
B
B
Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Orebro Medical Center Hospital, Sweden.
Kjellgren
O
O
Sténson
S
S
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011883:Radium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*
D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D011883:Radium