title: Morphine formation from codeine in rat brain: a possible mechanism of codeine analgesia.
abstract: The O-demethylation of codeine to morphine was demonstrated in rat brain homogenate. Maximal formation occurred at 10 minutes, with a Vmax of 5.93 +/- 0.16 nmol/g brain/h and Km of 37.82 +/- 4.99 microM. The formation was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater in the microvessel-rich brain fraction. Intraperitoneal injection of codeine in the rat resulted in brain concentrations of morphine which could not be solely attributed to transfer of morphine from the blood stream across the blood-brain barrier. Morphine formed in the brain after codeine administration may be an important mechanism for codeine-induced analgesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, University of Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: Z R
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Irvine
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bochner
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Somogyi
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia; D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003061:Codeine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008745:Methylation; D009020:Morphine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D009020:Morphine; D003061:Codeine