title: The early luteal phase in successful and unsuccessful implantation after IVF-ET.
abstract: The hormonal milieu at embryo implantation after in-vitro fertilization was investigated. Superstimulation was accomplished with clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) injections followed by ovulation induction with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). Venous blood samples were drawn on days 2 and 8, the day of oocyte recovery being day 0. Fifteen women with successful implantation, defined as an ultrasound-verified pregnancy, were compared to 42 women with unsuccessful implantation, using a three-way analysis of variance. Oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) did not differ between the two groups. However, the ratios of oestradiol/progesterone and of testosterone/SHBG were significantly higher in the non-fertile cycles, both on day 2 and on day 8 (P less than 0.05). Furthermore, there was a highly significant decrease in oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone between days 2 and 8 in fertile as well as in non-fertile cycles (P less than 0.001) and a highly significant increase in SHBG from day 2 to day 8 in both groups (P less than 0.001). The higher testosterone/SHBG ratio in the non-pregnant women implies a relative hyperandrogenicity in this group that might have adversely affected the uterine receptivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nylund
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beskow
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Carlström
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fredricsson
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gustafson
authors.forename: N O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Lunell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pousette
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rosenborg
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Slotte
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akerlöf
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000032:analysis; D013739:Testosterone / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol