title: Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shockwaves for fragmentation of extra-and intrahepatic bile duct stones: indications, success and problems during a 15 months clinical experience.
abstract: Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shock waves (without waterbath) were applied after intravenous premedication with 10-15 mg diazepam and 100 mg tramadol in the treatment of 33 patients (aged 32 to 91 years) with multiple intrahepatic stones (n = 4) or huge common bile duct stones (n = 29, 18-30 mm in diameter), which could not be removed by conventional endoscopy. Stone disintegration was achieved in 70% of common bile duct stones and in all intrahepatic concrements after 800-7500 discharges, which were applied during one (n = 21), two (n = 6) or three sessions (n = 6). Apart from mild fleabite-like petechiae at the side of shock wave transmission no other side effects were observed for a total of 51 procedures. We believe electromagnetically generated shock waves are safe, easy to apply, and relatively effective in the therapy of common bile duct and intrahepatic stones.
authors.affiliation: I Medical Department, University of Mainz, FRG.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Staritz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rambow
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grosse
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Floth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mildenberger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goebel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Junginger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hohenfellner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thelen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged