title: Subjective awareness of abnormal involuntary movements in chronic schizophrenic patients.
abstract: The authors examined the effects of verbal and visual feedback on subjective awareness of involuntary movements in 20 chronic schizophrenic patients. At initial evaluation only 25% of the patients were fully aware of their movement disorder. Both verbal and visual feedback resulted in significant immediate enhancement of awareness. However, assessment of awareness 2 weeks later showed a return to prefeedback baseline levels. Lack of awareness of involuntary movements was associated with a lack of awareness of psychiatric disorder, and both were associated with a longer duration of illness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caracci
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Decina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001364:Awareness; D003071:Cognition; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000523:psychology*; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D014796:Visual Perception