title: Experimental non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in humans.
abstract: In this study, 27 volunteers received one of three non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae strains in doses as high as 10(9) CFU. Only one strain (strain C) caused diarrhea: this strain was able to colonize the gastrointestinal tract, and produced a heat-stable enterotoxin (NAG-ST). Diarrhea was not seen with a strain (strain A) that colonized the intestine but did not produce NAG-ST, nor with a strain (strain B) that produced NAG-ST but did not colonize. Persons receiving strain C had diarrhea and abdominal cramps. Diarrheal stool volumes ranged from 154 to 5,397 ml; stool samples from the patient having 5,397 ml of diarrhea were tested and found to contain NAG-ST. The median incubation period for illness was 10 h. There was a suggestion that occurrence of diarrhea was dependent on inoculum size. Immune responses to homologous outer membrane proteins, lipopolysaccharide, and whole-cell lysates were demonstrable with all three strains. Our data demonstrate that V. cholerae of O groups other than 1 are able to cause severe diarrheal disease. However, not all strains are pathogenic for humans: virulence of strain C may be dependent on its ability both to colonize the intestine and to produce a toxin such as NAG-ST.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Tall
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Losonsky
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Forrest
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishibuchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011817:Rabbits; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D004768:Enterotoxins; C037420:stN protein, Vibrio cholerae; D002772:Cholera Toxin