title: Complement-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement of HIV-1 infection requires CD4 and complement receptors.
abstract: In this study it is demonstrated that complement-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement (C'-ADE) of HIV-1 infection in vitro is blocked by murine monoclonal antibodies to CD4 and complement receptor type 2 (CR2) while HIV-1 infection in the absence of C'-ADE is blocked by anti-CD4 but not anti-CR2 monoclonal antibodies. The anti-CR2 murine monoclonal antibody, OKB7, blocked C'-ADE of HIV-1 infection at concentrations greater than 1 microgram/ml. The anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody, OKT4a, but not OKT4f blocked C'-ADE at concentrations greater than 0.06 microgram/ml. HIV-1 infections were quantitated by cytopathic effect, indirect immunofluorescence, and reverse transcriptase release. It appears from these in vitro studies that C'-ADE of HIV-1 infection requires both CD4 and complement receptors while HIV-1 infection in the absence of antibody and complement requires only CD4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Montefiori
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011951:Receptors, Complement / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D011951:Receptors, Complement; D003165:Complement System Proteins