title: Large-bile-duct stones--extracorporeal piezoelectric lithotripsy as adjuvant measure for endoscopic basket extraction.
abstract: Extracorporeal piezoelectric lithotripsy (EPL) was performed in 12 patients with large-bile-duct stones and intrahepatic stones. The Piezolith 2300 lithotripter (Wolf, Knittlingen, FRG) was used in all patients in whom routine endoscopic approaches for removal of the calculi had failed or were considered inappropriate because of large stone size or difficult localization. In 9 of the 12 patients the stones were fragmented. Complete stone clearance from the bile ducts was obtained in 8 of 10 patients by EPL alone or combined with one of the following: endoscopic extraction, mechanical lithotripsy or installation of solvents. Adjuvant EPL in conjunction with endoscopic therapy increased the success rate of nonsurgical treatment for bile duct stones from 73% to 95%. No clinically significant side effects or complications were noted.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Allgemeine Chirurgie, Chirurgische Universitätsklinik, Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kohlberger
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rädecke
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waninger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000628:therapy*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011312:Pressure