title: Spin-trappers and vitamin E prolong endurance to muscle fatigue in mice.
abstract: The involvement of free radicals in endurance to muscle effort is suggested by experimental and clinical data. Therefore, experiments have been performed to observe the effect of trapping free radicals on endurance to swimming in mice. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with each of three spin-trappers [N-tert-Butyl-alpha-Phenyl-Nitrone (PBN),alpha-4-Pyridyil-1-Oxide-N-tert-Butyl-Nitrone (POBN) and 5,5-Dimethyl-1-Pirrolyn-N-Oxide (DMPO): 0.2 ml of 10(-1) molar solution]. Each mouse was submitted to a swimming test to control resistance to exhaustion a) without any treatment, b) after administration of each spin-trapper in a random order c) after saline. Control experiments were performed with saline and with vitamin E. Endurance to swimming was greatly prolonged by pretreatment with all the spin-trappers (DMPO less than 0.0001; POBN less than 0.0001; PBN less than 0.001) and with Vitamin E. Experiments state that compared to treatment with spin-trappers or Vitamin E, administration of saline alone did not enhance time to exhaustion so that the increase in time to exhaustion with the various free radical scavengers was not the effect of training. Therefore, free radicals could be considered as one of the factors terminating muscle effort in mice.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Novelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bracciotti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Falsini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000503:physiopathology; D005609:Free Radicals; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects*; D011725:Pyridines; D013113:Spin Labels; D013550:Swimming; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D005609:Free Radicals; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D011725:Pyridines; D013113:Spin Labels; C043438:alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone; D014810:Vitamin E; C029217:phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone; C017245:5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide