title: Cytotoxicity to cultured human keratinocytes of topical antimicrobial agents.
abstract: Cultured skin grafts administered clinically for closure of burn wounds may be contacted by topically applied antimicrobial agents. A study was performed to assess whether commonly used topical antimicrobial agents are toxic to cultured human keratinocytes (HK) in vitro. Serum-free MCDB 153 culture medium containing Neosporin G.U. irrigant (Neomycin, 40 micrograms/ml-polymyxin B sulfate, 200 units/ml) and a standard tissue culture antimicrobial agent of penicillin (10,000 units/ml)-streptomycin (10,000 micrograms/ml)-amphotericin B (25 micrograms/ml) had no effect on the keratinocyte growth rates when compared to standard MCDB 153 medium without antibiotics. Medium containing Sulfamylon (mafenide acetate, 0.85%), Polysporin (polymyxin B sulfate, 1 x 10(4) units/ml-bacitracin, 500 units/ml), gentamicin sulfate (0.1%), modified Dakins solution (25%), and acetic acid (0.25%) all showed statistically significant (P less than 0.01) decreases in keratinocyte growth rates. This data suggests that commonly applied antimicrobials may not be appropriate for cultured grafts in the concentrations that are used clinically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego Medical Center 92103.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Boyce
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hansbrough
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Foreman
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Frank
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000633:toxicity; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000633:toxicity*; D001414:Bacitracin / Q000633:toxicity; D002056:Burns / Q000188:drug therapy; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000633:toxicity; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008272:Mafenide / Q000633:toxicity; D009355:Neomycin / Q000633:toxicity; D011112:Polymyxin B / Q000633:toxicity; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005839:Gentamicins; D001414:Bacitracin; D008272:Mafenide; C001816:bacitracin zinc, neomycin sulfate, polymyxin B, drug combination; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D009355:Neomycin; D011112:Polymyxin B; D019342:Acetic Acid