Effects of dietary lipids on recovery from mucosal injury.
The present studies were conducted to determine if diets containing a large amount of fat stimulate the regeneration of damaged intestinal mucosa in the presence or absence of essential fatty acid deficiency. To simulate injury, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given methotrexate, 2.5 mg/kg body wt, subcutaneously for 3 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last methotrexate injection, rats were placed on diets containing either 0%, 1%, or 10% safflower oil. Mucosal weight, protein, deoxyribonucleic acid, maltase, sucrase, lactase, alkaline phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, and fatty acids were all determined 3 and 12 days after methotrexate. Crypt-cell production rates were also determined. Essential fatty acid deficiency was confirmed in the 0% safflower oil group, in which triene-tetraene ratios were greater than 0.4. Mucosal weight, deoxyribonucleic acid, protein content, and villus height were all greater in the 1% safflower oil group than in the 0% group at 12 days. In the ileum, 1-h thymidine incorporation was greater in the 0% safflower oil group than in the other two groups. No differences in any of the parameters studied were observed between the 1% and 10% groups. These results suggest that diets deficient in essential fatty acids may impair the recovery of intestinal mucosa from injury.
Vanderhoof
J A
JA
Department of Pediatrics, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska.
Park
J H
JH
Mohammadpour
H
H
Blackwood
D
D
D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential / Q000172:deficiency; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000633:toxicity; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012450:Safflower Oil / Q000494:pharmacology
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential; D012450:Safflower Oil; D008727:Methotrexate