title: Epicardial and endocardial localized 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy: evidence for metabolic heterogeneity during regional ischemia.
abstract: Previous studies have noted that myocardial blood flow and high energy phosphates are heterogeneous across the myocardial wall during ischemia. In order to determine whether differences in metabolites between the subendocardium and subepicardium could be detected using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the Fourier series window (FSW) experiment was implemented on a porcine model of graded regional ischemia. FSW experiments using a planar phantom showed a 46% improvement in localization to the subendocardium compared to a one-pulse experiment. Animal studies of graded ischemia demonstrated a gradient in the phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate ratio in the myocardium that paralleled the gradient in blood flow. These studies demonstrate the ability of spatially localized 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to detect regional changes in myocardial high energy phosphates localized to the subepicardium and subendocardium.
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Unit, V. A. Medical Center, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gober
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DeGroot
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Obregon
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Botvinick
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Massie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004699:Endocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D008961:Models, Structural; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010758:Phosphorus; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus