Effects of changing amount of carbohydrate in diet on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in type II diabetic patients.
Eight type II (non-insulin-dependent) normolipidemic diabetic patients (aged 45 +/- 15 yr, body mass index 22 +/- 2 kg/m2, means +/- SD) treated with diet alone or diet plus oral hypoglycemic agents were given, in random order for periods of 15 days, two diets with different carbohydrate (CHO) (40 vs. 60% of total calories) and fat (20 vs. 40%) levels. Simple CHO, fiber, saturated fat, cholesterol, and polyunsaturated-saturated fat ratio were similar in the two diets. Total plasma cholesterol was not significantly affected by dietary changes; conversely, plasma triglyceride (1.38 +/- 0.59 vs. 1.11 +/- 0.39 mM, P less than 0.05) and apolipoprotein CII (3.8 +/- 1.4 vs. 3.3 +/- 0.8 mg/dl) increased significantly after the high-CHO low-fat diet. Among the various lipoproteins, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) was the most affected by diet: VLDL cholesterol concentrations increased from 0.30 +/- 0.19 to 0.43 +/- 0.28 mM (P less than 0.05), and triglyceride concentrations increased from 0.62 +/- 0.33 to 0.88 +/- 0.53 mM (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, increasing the amount of complex CHO in the diet induces an elevation of VLDL in normolipidemic, nonobese, mildly type II diabetic patients.
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Institute of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, 2nd Medical School, Naples, Italy.
Giacco
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Genovese
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Marotta
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D000328:Adult; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged
D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D008074:Lipoproteins