title: Constructing an instrument to measure the rate of aging in female pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina).
abstract: To develop a battery of innocuous tests measuring individual differences in the rate of biological aging, longitudinal data were gathered on 28 biochemical, physiological, and morphological characteristics of 40 adult female pigtailed macaques. The change in each variable over time, i.e., the beta coefficient of linear regression, was calculated for each animal, and a matrix of correlations among the variables was constructed. Eight variables correlated well with the first principal component of the matrix. These variables (rate of fingernail growth, blood lymphocytes, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, immunoglobulin A, and serum sodium, chloride, total protein, and creatinine) represented the best subset of the potential biomarkers analyzed to produce an index covering a range of morphologic and functional systems that change with age. A similar set representing a wider range of systems and measured over a larger fraction of the life span should provide a valid index of an individual's rate of biological aging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bowden
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Short
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004909:Erythrocyte Indices / Q000502:physiology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D008251:Macaca / Q000502:physiology*; D008254:Macaca nemestrina / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D009262:Nails / Q000254:growth & development; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002712:Chlorides; D006454:Hemoglobins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine