title: Direct reimbursement of nurse practitioners in health insurance plans of research universities.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the nature of health insurance coverage research universities offer their employees and the extent to which these employers offer options providing for reimbursement of services of independent nurse practitioners. A request for health insurance documents mailed to 77 public research universities resulted in a response rate of 83 per cent. A total of 75 per cent sent usable descriptions of insurance coverage for analysis. Among the respondents, 69 per cent (n = 40) reported offering insurance through Blue Cross/Blue Shield companies. Nursing services reimbursed generally included traditional nursing care such as private duty nursing and home health care. Coverage of nursing services that overlap with traditional medical practice, such as prenatal care and labor and delivery services of nurse midwives, anesthesia services of nurse anesthetists, psychiatric services of nurse specialists, and primary care nursing services of nurse practitioners, was less evident. Findings generally indicated that in spite of the presence of enabling or mandatory state legislation for third-party reimbursement of nursing services, legislation is not being implemented in many states by employers in their purchase of group policies.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Harrison
mesh_terms: D003625:Data Collection; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007349:Insurance, Health, Reimbursement / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D007355:Insurance, Nursing Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009722:Nurse Practitioners / Q000191:economics*; D012106:Research; D014481:United States; D014495:Universities