title: Prevalence of liver disease and infection by hepatitis B, delta virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in two Spanish penitentiaries.
abstract: We studied the prevalence of liver disease and the carrier state for hepatitis B (HBV), delta virus (HDV) and HIV-1 infection in two Valencian penitentiaries, one for males and the other for females. Serological results were correlated with history of intravenous drug addiction, alcohol abuse, homosexuality or prostitution (high-risk groups), and duration and number of internments. A high prevalence of increased transaminase levels (52.2%) and serological markers for HBV infection (66.5%) was observed amongst the inmates, figures being higher amongst high-risk individuals and inmates confined for more than 6 months. No signs of HDV or HIV-1 infection were found amongst the prison staff. Anti-HIV-1 positivity was observed most frequently amongst individuals combining both drug abuse and homosexuality/and prostitution.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: del Olmo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Llovet
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aparisi
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wassel
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bixquert
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D003699:Hepatitis D / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D006529:Hepatomegaly / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011329:Prisoners; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous