title: Mechanisms of endocrine dysfunction in patients with testicular cancer.
abstract: To determine mechanisms of endocrine dysfunction in patients with testicular cancer, we performed static and dynamic testing of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis and testicular exocrine function in 13 patients and 11 normal control subjects, as well as in vitro studies of tumor tissue and remaining adjacent "normal" testicular tissue in the 13 patients. In tumor tissue, we demonstrated (a) elevated concentrations of total serum estradiol and serum estradiol not bound to sex hormone-binding globulin, (b) impaired spermatogenesis and sperm motility, and (c) blocking of multiple enzymes necessary for steroidogenesis. The data were consistent with a paracrine-endocrine mechanism in which tumor-produced human chorionic gonadotropin stimulates production of estradiol by "normal" testicular tissue but not tumor tissue, and the high estradiol levels then result in impaired spermatogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Morrish
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Venner
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Siy
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barron
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Outhet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004407:Dysgerminoma / Q000150:complications; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010907:Pituitary Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013724:Teratoma / Q000150:complications; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D006728:Hormones; D010907:Pituitary Hormones; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol