title: Correlation between the birth prevalence of isolated hypospadias and parental subfertility.
abstract: Factors associated with the occurrence of isolated hypospadias have been studied. We previously reported a secular trend association between hypospadias occurrence and progestagen use by the Hungarian population. Further study does not support that secular trend association. The use of progestagens for the treatment of reproductive problems is a very complex issue, and there are other factors relating to male and female fertility that differentiate the hypospadias families from the controls. It appears that families with problems of subfertility are at increased risk for the occurrence of hypospadias. Our data support more recent studies, which do not demonstrate an association between the occurrence of hypospadias and the administration of progestagens in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics and Teratology, WHO Collaborating Centre for the Community Control of the Hereditary Diseases, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Czeizel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tóth
mesh_terms: D000500:Allylestrenol / Q000009:adverse effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D007246:Infertility / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D000500:Allylestrenol