title: A comparison between bupivacaine instillation versus ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block for postoperative analgesia following inguinal herniorrhaphy in children.
abstract: This study compared the postoperative pain relief provided by simple instillation of bupivacaine into a hernia wound with that provided by ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric (IG/IH) nerve block. Sixty children undergoing inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia were randomized to receive 0.25 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine for either IG/IH nerve block or up to 0.5 ml/kg of the same solution for instillation nerve blocks. In the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), a trained blinded observer evaluated the patient's level of postoperative pain using a standardized 10-point objective pain scale. Fentanyl 1-2 micrograms/kg was administered intravenously to any child scoring 6 or more points on the pain scale. The difference in pain scores among the two groups were compared. The two groups were not significantly different in age, duration of surgery, or anesthesia. There was no significant difference between patients who received the two treatment modalities in their pain scores, analgesic requirements in the PACU, recovery times, and discharge times. These results demonstrate that the simple instillation of local anesthetics into a wound provides postoperative pain relief following hernia repair, which is as effective as that provided by intraoperative IG/IH nerve block.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010.
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hannallah
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Broadman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Norden
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guzzetta
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000592:standards; D002045:Bupivacaine; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007001:Hypogastric Plexus; D007085:Ilium / Q000294:innervation; D007264:Inguinal Canal / Q000294:innervation; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000592:standards; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002045:Bupivacaine