title: Pressure waves caused by high-energy missiles impair respiration of cultured dorsal root ganglion cells.
abstract: High-energy missile extremity impact causes short-lasting pressure waves which traverse the body with a velocity close to that of sound in water. In order to elucidate mechanisms for distant damage in a living body to the peripheral and central nervous system, a model system was designed aimed to create pressure waves with amplitudes, frequency spectrum, and duration fairly comparable to those recorded in situ. Our model system enabled exposure of tissue cultures of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and endothelial cells under strictly controlled conditions to a burst of oscillating pressure waves and to determine possible influence on oxygen consumption. Oscillating pressure waves caused by high-energy missile impact (velocity 1,200 m/s) reduced the oxygen consumption by more than 80%. However, in spite of this drastic, acute effect the ganglion cells and the feeder layer cells did not reveal any immediate plasma membrane dysfunctions as revealed by cytoplasmic uptake of Evans blue protein marker complexes. It is concluded that pressure waves fairly similar to those demonstrable in vivo in the vicinity of the peripheral and central nervous system after high-energy missile extremity impact in pigs reduce the respiration of DRG cells and endothelial cells in culture. The mitochondrial impairment is not associated with concomitant plasma membrane dysfunction for macromolecules. Nerve cells seem to be more vulnerable than the other type of cultured cells examined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suneson
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Hansson
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Kjellström
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lycke
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seeman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004727:Endothelium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005333:Fetus; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011312:Pressure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051381:Rats; D013552:Swine; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000378:metabolism*