title: Effects of foods rich in polyphenols on nitrogen excretion in rats.
abstract: The extent to which tea, cocoa and carob (foods rich in polyphenols) influence fecal nitrogen (N) excretion was investigated in rats. The studies took into account the methylxanthine contents of tea and cocoa as well as the poor digestibility of cocoa nitrogen. Balance measurements indicated that all three food sources significantly increased fecal nitrogen excretion relative to methylxanthine-matched control diets (p less than 0.01). In the case of cocoa, virtually all the increase could be attributed to the poor digestibility of cocoa protein itself (estimated to be only 28-30% of total N in cocoa powder). There appeared to be no other effects. With extracts of tea and carob, however, the increased excretion of N in feces resulted either from a decreased digestibility of other dietary protein, through interaction with their polyphenols, or from a stimulation of the excretion of endogenous (body) nitrogen. With respect to the latter possibility, a preliminary investigation with the stable isotope of nitrogen (15N) showed that tea produced a marked increase in the excretion of endogenous nitrogen. These studies, therefore, indicate that foods rich in polyphenols have varying effects on N excretion in feces and that, in the case of tea at least, the loss of endogenous nitrogen may be a major contributing factor.
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Centre, Nestec LTD., Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shahkhalili
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Finot
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hurrell
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fern
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002099:Cacao / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D004347:Drug Interactions; D002149:Energy Intake; D005243:Feces / Q000032:analysis*; D005419:Flavonoids; D005685:Galactans; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage; D053149:Plant Gums; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013662:Tea / Q000032:analysis; D014970:Xanthines / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005419:Flavonoids; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D053149:Plant Gums; D011108:Polymers; D059808:Polyphenols; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013662:Tea; D014970:Xanthines; C008514:methylxanthine; D009584:Nitrogen; C017471:locust bean gum