title: Copper salicylate and copper phenylbutazone as topically applied anti-inflammatory agents in the rat and horse.
abstract: Topically applied copper phenylbutazone, phenylbutazone, copper salicylate, salicylate and dimethylsulfoxide glycerol (80:20) were investigated as anti-inflammatory agents in rats and horses. Dimethylsulfoxide and glycerol (80:20) or dimethylsulfoxide, ethanol and glycerol (60:20:20) were used as the drug solvents. Subcutaneously administered carrageenin was used to induce inflammatory oedema, either in the paws of rats or the alar fold of the horse. The severity of the oedema and the anti-inflammatory effect of the drugs were assessed by measuring changes in the paw or alar-fold diameters. Copper salicylate and copper phenylbutazone were effective inhibitors of the inflammatory oedema in both species, but dimethylsulfoxide:glycerol (80:20) was not. In the rat, copper salicylate and copper phenylbutazone were superior anti-inflammatory agents compared to either salicylate or phenylbutazone, respectively. Following the topical application of four times the recommended daily dose of copper phenylbutazone to the horse for 5 days, minor skin irritation occurred and trace concentrations of phenylbutazone (maximum 0.6 microgram/ml) and negligible concentrations of oxyphenbutazone and gamma-hydroxyphenylbutazone were detected in the plasma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Seawright
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002351:Carrageenan; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010653:Phenylbutazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012459:Salicylates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D012459:Salicylates; C025564:copper salicylate complex; D002351:Carrageenan; D010653:Phenylbutazone; D005990:Glycerol; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide