title: Long-term chemical sympathectomy leads to an increase of neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in cerebrovascular nerves and iris of the developing rat.
abstract: Short-term (surgical) and long-term (chemical) sympathectomy have revealed the presence of a population of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive nerve fibres which do not degenerate in parallel with noradrenaline-containing nerves supplying cerebral vessels and the iris of the rat. Two days after bilateral removal of the superior and middle cervical ganglia of 7-week-old rats, noradrenaline-containing nerves could not be detected along any of the arteries of the rat circle of Willis or of the iris, but 18-32% of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive nerves remained. Long-term treatment (6 weeks) with guanethidine commencing in developing 1-week-old rats caused degeneration of the sympathetic neurons in cervical ganglia and disappearance of 5-hydroxydopamine-labelled nerves (that showed dense-cored vesicles at the electron microscope level) from rat cerebral vessels, but did not significantly change the density of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive axons on the vessels. Furthermore, whilst in control rats neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity was localized largely within 5-hydroxydopamine-labelled cerebrovascular nerves, after long-term sympathectomy with guanethidine, neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity was seen only in nerves lacking small dense-cored vesicles. A small number of catecholamine-containing nerves appeared along the internal carotid and anterior cerebral arteries after long-term sympathectomy; these may arise from neurons of central origin. These results suggest that as a consequence of long-term sympathectomy with guanethidine, compensatory changes occur, involving an increase in the expression of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in non-sympathetic axons in cerebrovascular nerves and iris of the rat. In contrast, the neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive nerves in the dura mater appear to be entirely sympathetic, since none were present after short-term sympathectomy and none appeared after long-term sympathectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, U.K.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mione
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cavanagh
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lincoln
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Milner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Burnstock
mesh_terms: D000320:Adrenergic Fibers / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000294:innervation* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006145:Guanethidine; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007498:Iris / Q000294:innervation*; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013563:Sympathectomy, Chemical
chemical_list: D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D006145:Guanethidine