Effects of a very-low-calorie diet on metabolic control and cardiovascular risk factors in the treatment of obese non-insulin-dependent diabetics.
Ten obese non-insulin-dependent diabetics (six men, four women) with secondary drug failure were treated with a hypocaloric diet only (2100-3350 kJ/d) for 3 mo to assess the effects of weight reduction on metabolic control, energy production rate, and cardiovascular risk factors. During the 3 mo of follow-up the mean body weight decreased from 101.0 +/- 7.2 (means +/- SEM) to 87.2 +/- 5.5 kg (p less than 0.001). Basal energy production rate (kJ/min) decreased by 8.5%. Fasting blood glucose declined from 12.3 +/- 0.4 to 10.5 +/- 0.7 mmol/L (p less than 0.05) but mean diurnal glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c did not change significantly. Serum total cholesterol was decreased at 2 wk but at 3 mo it did not differ significantly from the baseline value. A marked reduction was observed in serum triglycerides after 3 mo (4.57 +/- 1.0 vs 2.18 +/- 0.26 mmol/L, p = 0.012). The high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased after weight reduction (0.96 +/- 0.06 vs 1.11 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, p = 0.009). A significant decline was found in both systolic (152 +/- 6 vs 133 +/- 3 mm Hg, p = 0.004) and diastolic blood pressure (92 +/- 3 vs 81 +/- 3 mm Hg, p = 0.007). There was no evidence of linoleic acid deficiency after this diet.
Uusitupa
M I
MI
Clinical Nutrition Unit, University of Kuopio, Finland.
Laakso
M
M
Sarlund
H
H
Majander
H
H
Takala
J
J
Penttilä
I
I
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000178:diet therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004562:Electrocardiography; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity; D012307:Risk Factors; D014672:Vectorcardiography
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol