Discrimination training of mirror-image stimuli with a delayed-prompt technique: some critical dimensions of extra-stimulus prompts.
Research on fading and delay procedures has shown that extra-stimulus prompts frequently fail to help children learn difficult discriminations. The present study analyzed two delay conditions for an extra-stimulus prompt to help preschoolers discriminate mirror-image stimuli as a function of the configurations and locations of the prompts. All subjects were selected on their ability to discriminate the task stimuli in the presence of a third stimulus, a replica of the S+ and an arrow pointing to that stimulus; and on their inability to do so without these stimuli. Experiments 1 and 2 compared these prompt configurations (S+ replica, arrow) when presented equidistant from the task stimuli. Experiment 3 analyzed the contribution of the replica configuration in terms of its location, in between stimuli or immediately above the S+. Experiment 4 investigated the extent to which the results of the previous experiments could be influenced by the methodology for the assessment of prompt control. The results consistently demonstrated that most subjects did not learn the task unless the extra-stimulus prompt had the same configuration as the S+ and was located equidistant from both task stimuli.
Smeets
P M
PM
Department of Psychology, Leiden University, Holland.
Striefel
S
S
D001288:Attention; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003463:Cues; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D005260:Female; D005556:Form Perception; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009949:Orientation; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual