title: In vivo effect of the organophosphorus insecticide trichlorphon on immune response of carp (Cyprinus carpio). II. Effect of high doses of trichlorphon on nonspecific immune response.
abstract: The effect of trichlorphon, one of the most widely used organophosphorus insecticides, on the nonspecific immune response in carp (Cyprinus carpio) was studied. The effect of 20,000 ppm trichlorphon on the immune response was followed for 3 and 56 days after intoxication. The effect of 10,000 ppm trichlorphon on the nonspecific immune response of carp experimentally infected by Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Aeromonas punctata was also examined. Leucocyte number, phagocytic ability of neutrophils, percentage NBT-positive PMN cells, phagocytic index, lysozyme level in serum, and ceruloplasmin activity in plasma were examined on Days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 18, 22, and 26 after carp were exposed. After intoxication leukopenia was observed as decreases in phagocytic ability of neutrophils and in phagocytic index. Lysozyme level in serum was also decreased compared to that of control. The percentage of NBT-positive PMN cells decreased when the ceruloplasmin activity in plasma increased in intoxicated fish.
authors.affiliation: Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Departments in Zabieniec, Piaseczno, Poland.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Siwicki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cossarini-Dunier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Studnicka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demael
mesh_terms: D000333:Aeromonas / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology; D002347:Carps / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000378:metabolism; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000276:immunology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000276:immunology; D014236:Trichlorfon / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014236:Trichlorfon; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; D009113:Muramidase