title: The effects of foreign transmembrane domains on the biosynthesis of the influenza virus hemagglutinin.
abstract: Eleven chimeric proteins were created in which the transmembrane, the cytoplasmic, or both topological domains of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) were replaced with those from five other glycoproteins. All of the chimeric HAs reached the cell surface but appeared to differ in the degree to which they were stably folded. Comparisons of the rates of folding, passage into the Golgi, and arrival at the plasma membrane of wild-type HA and the chimeric proteins suggest that formation of a stable HA trimer is not an absolute requirement for export from the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, there appear to be at least two steps at which the rate of transport can be altered during exocytosis, one occurring before and the other after the trimming of oligosaccharides by Golgi mannosidases. Certain of the chimeras differed from HA in their ability to pass through each of these steps. Replacement of the HA transmembrane domain with the analogous sequences from other proteins affected folding and transport of the chimeric HAs in ways that suggest that the HA transmembrane sequences form a specific structure in the membrane that differs from that formed by analogous sequences from the other proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9038.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lazarovits
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Shia
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ktistakis
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D005089:Exocytosis; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014357:Trypsin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014357:Trypsin