title: Exercise dysfunction in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: To confirm the presence of exercise dysfunction in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 32 such patients without AIDS were evaluated with cardiopulmonary exercise testing, pulmonary function testing, bronchoalveolar lavage, chest roentgenography, and gallium scanning. No evidence of pulmonary opportunistic infection was found. When compared to an otherwise similar group of HIV-seronegative controls, the patients exercised to a significantly lower workload (195 +/- 30 versus 227 +/- 31 W, p less than 0.001). The ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) values were also significantly lower for the patients (49.2 +/- 13.0 versus 61.9 +/- 9.1% of maximum predicted VO2, p less than 0.001). Nine of the patients had VAT values less than the 95% confidence interval for the controls. This subgroup exercised to a significantly lower maximum VO2 (69.9 +/- 11.2 versus 95.9 +/- 17.5% of maximum predicted VO2, p less than 0.001) and workload (165 +/- 21 versus 227 +/- 31 W) when compared to the control group. These patients demonstrated a mild tachypnea throughout exercise relative to the controls and had a significant increase in the slope of the heart rate to VO2 relationship. These findings are most consistent with a limitation of oxygen delivery to exercising muscles, which may represent occult cardiac disease in this group.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Disease Service, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6200.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Anders
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Blanton
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hawkes
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: McAllister
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Matthews
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015308:Anaerobic Threshold; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D002951:Citrates; D019343:Citric Acid; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D005710:Gallium Radioisotopes; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D005710:Gallium Radioisotopes; D019343:Citric Acid