title: Pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime in preterm infants.
abstract: Pharmacokinetic parameters of cefotaxime (CTX) and its metabolite desacetylcefotaxime (DCTX) were assessed on the 3rd day of treatment in 10 preterm infants (28-37 weeks gestation) aged 3-8 days and receiving 25 mg/kg CTX twice daily. Blood samples were collected from an umbilical artery catheter at 0, 0.08, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 h after a short peripheral infusion (5 min) and were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. During the 12 h following the CTX infusion, serum concentrations of CTX remained above the mean bactericidal concentration for pathogens commonly isolated during the neonatal period. The mean (+/- SD) elimination half-life, volume of distribution, total body clearance and area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC0-12 h) for CTX were: 3.68 +/- 1.48 h (range: 1.89-6.82), 431 +/- 149 ml/kg (219-636), 1.57 +/- 0.80 ml/kg/min (0.60-3.27) and 373 +/- 206 micrograms/ml/h (170-867), respectively. The AUC0-12 h for DCTX was 170 +/- 93 micrograms/ml/h (61-374). A significant inverse relationship was found between gestational age and the elimination half-life of CTX, and the AUC of both CTX and DCTX.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Gouyon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pechinot
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Safran
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chretien
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sandre
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kazmierczak
mesh_terms: D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: C029281:desacetylcefotaxime; D002439:Cefotaxime