title: Ethanol protects the heart against the calcium paradox injury.
abstract: Rat hearts were depleted of Ca2+ (less than 10(-9) M) for 10 min, followed by 15 min of Ca2+-repletion. The calcium paradox injury occurs during Ca2+-repletion, after a period of calcium depletion. The calcium paradox injury was assessed by percent recovery (hemodynamics, [Ca2+]i, and energy levels) during Ca2+-repletion. A decrease in Na+ concentration during Ca2(+)-depletion did not allow for recovery during Ca2(+)-repletion, however 2.5% and 5% ethanol during Ca2(+)-depletion allowed for an approximate 50% recovery during Ca2(+)-repletion. A combination of ethanol (2.5% or 5%) with a low extracellular Na+ concentration (88 mM) allowed for complete recovery. Ethanol prevented a depletion of diastolic [Ca2+]i during Ca2(+)-depletion, and allowed for a return of normal diastolic [Ca2+]i during Ca2(+)-repletion. Ethanol modulates the activity of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and protects against the Ca2(+)-paradox injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Auffermann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Parmley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wikman-Coffelt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006335:Heart Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D000431:Ethanol; D012964:Sodium; D002118:Calcium