title: The management of paralytic spasticity.
abstract: The treatment of spasticity in severely paralyzed patients undergoing rehabilitation constitutes a significant neurosurgical challenge that requires comprehensive management. In this study, 118 patients were treated with invasive modalities when medical therapy failed. The results of percutaneous radiofrequency foraminal rhizotomy were initially successful in 95% of the 77 patients who underwent this procedure; the rate of minor complications was 5%. This procedure was satisfactorily supplemented with percutaneous radiofrequency sciatic neurectomy in 32 of these 77 patients. Four myelotomies were performed with complete success and no major complications in patients in whom percutaneous techniques had proven inadequate. In 35 instances of focal spasticity and incomplete paralysis, intramuscular neurolysis by phenol injection was used. The success rate was 89%. In 9 patients with persistent recurrent spasticity of the lower limb, open tenotomies and peripheral neurectomies were done. Success was complete and without complications. Multiple modalities must be available for the comprehensive management of patients with paralytic spasticity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Herz
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Looman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiberio
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ketterling
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kreitsch
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Colwill
authors.forename: O D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Grin
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*