title: Acute renal failure of leptospirosis: nonoliguric and hypokalemic forms.
abstract: Acute renal failure induced by leptospirosis was studied in 56 patients. A higher frequency of nonoliguric renal failure was observed with lower morbidity and mortality rates than in oliguric forms. In addition, 45% of the patients in this series were hypokalemic, and no hyperkalemic patients were seen. A prospective study in 11 patients showed an initially elevated urinary fractional potassium excretion that fell simultaneously with the high urinary fractional sodium excretion and the urinary K/Na ratio, suggesting an increased distal potassium secretion due to an increased distal sodium delivery consequent to functional impairment of the proximal reabsorption of sodium.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Emílio Ribas SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Seguro
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Lomar
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005665:Furosemide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007008:Hypokalemia / Q000209:etiology; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009846:Oliguria / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D005665:Furosemide; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium