title: The prospective use of population pharmacokinetics in a computer-driven infusion system for alfentanil.
abstract: Maitre et al. recently evaluated the accuracy of a set of previously determined population pharmacokinetic parameters for the opioid alfentanil using data from an earlier study in which the drug had been administered using a computer-controlled infusion pump (CCIP). The present study evaluated the accuracy of these same parameters in a CCIP prospectively in two groups of clinically dissimilar patients: 29 healthy female day surgery patients and 11 relatively older and less healthy male inpatients. In addition, another set of pharmacokinetic parameters, previously determined by Scott et al. in the CCIP in 11 male inpatients was also evaluated. The bias and inaccuracy were assessed by the median performance error (MDPE) and the median absolute performance error (MDAPE) in which the performance error was determined as the difference between measured and target serum concentration as a fraction of the target serum concentration. Unlike Maitre et al., the current study found a consistent bias in both populations. The MDPE was +53% and the MDAPE was 53%, with no difference between patient groups. In the 11 patients studied using the Scott et al. pharmacokinetic parameters, the MDPE was +1% and the MDAPE was 17%. The parameters of Scott et al. were further tested by simulating the serum concentrations that would have been achieved had they been used in the CCIP in the first 40 patients; results indicated MDPE of +2% and an MDAPE of 18%. Therefore, reasonably reliable and accurate target serum concentrations of alfentanil can be achieved using the pharmacokinetic parameters of Scott et al. in a CCIP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Raemer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buschman
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Varvel
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Philip
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Shafer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015760:Alfentanil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003201:Computers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007260:Infusion Pumps; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D015760:Alfentanil