title: Pharmacokinetics of oral acetyl-L-carnitine in renal impairment.
abstract: Acetyl-L-carnitine 1.5 g and 3.0 g was administered as three divided doses on each of two occasions to 24 people with varying renal failure (creatinine clearance 127-8 ml.min-1). Plasma and urinary concentrations of total-L-carnitine, free (non-esterified) carnitine, short-chain esters and acetyl-L-carnitine were measured. The baseline (pre-study) concentrations of all four substances were related to renal function. Patients whose creatinine clearance was below about 30-40 ml.min-1 were had the highest concentrations. Renal elimination of all four substances was related to dose and to renal function. There was evidence for dose-related elimination, with greater elimination of the larger dose.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biopharmaceutics, Athlone, Ireland.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Laher
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carmody
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marzo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arrigoni Martelli
mesh_terms: D000108:Acetylcarnitine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002331:Carnitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000108:Acetylcarnitine; D003404:Creatinine; D002331:Carnitine