title: T2-ganglionectomy via limited costotransversectomy for minor causalgia.
abstract: T2-ganglionectomy via limited costotransversectomy is a safe and effective method to produce sympathetic denervation of the upper extremity. It provides prompt and lasting relief of the complex array of symptoms associated with minor causalgia. Four patients with minor causalgia treated by this procedure are presented. All patients were seen by multiple physicians before a correct diagnosis was made. Pain and trophic changes resolved in all cases. No instances of Horner's syndrome or pneumothorax were encountered. Preoperative response to temporary stellate ganglion block is essential to both diagnosis and treatment. Consideration of early surgical intervention should be given in cases involving significant disability. A fundamental problem surrounding the appropriate management of minor causalgia has been and continues to be accurate recognition of the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Fedder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002422:Causalgia / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D015171:Ganglionectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000601:surgery*; D012272:Ribs / Q000601:surgery; D013900:Thoracic Nerves / Q000601:surgery; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery