title: K(+)-channel openers for relaxation of isolated penile erectile tissue from rabbit.
abstract: The effects of the K(+)-channel openers (KCOs) cromakalim (BRL 34915) and pinacidil were investigated and compared with those of papaverine on isolated corpus cavernosum from rabbit. Preparations were mounted in organ baths and isometric tension was recorded. Spontaneous contractile activity was effectively abolished by the KCOs tested, cromakalim being the most potent of them. The KCOs concentration-dependently and effectively depressed electrically induced contractions and also contractions induced by exogenously applied noradrenaline and by low (less than or equal to 20 mM) concentrations of K+. Cromakalim was three to four times more potent than pinacidil. Pinacidil and cromakalim were shown to cause increases in the efflux of 86Rb from preloaded cavernous tissue. Papaverine also effectively depressed spontaneous contractile activity, and contractions evoked by electrical stimulation and noradrenaline. It had a potency 19 to 36 times lower than that of cromakalim. However, papaverine did not increase 86Rb efflux from preloaded tissue. The results show that cromakalim and pinacidil effectively relax penile erectile tissue, probably by the opening of K(+)-channels and subsequent hyperpolarization. Further investigations on human material seems motivated in order to elucidate if the principle of K(+)-channel opening offers any therapeutic advantages to other drugs in the diagnosis and treatment of penile erectile dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Holmquist
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fovaeus
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hedlund
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019806:Cromakalim; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000502:physiology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010208:Papaverine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010410:Penile Erection; D010413:Penis / Q000502:physiology*; D020110:Pinacidil; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D006146:Guanidines; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011758:Pyrroles; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D019806:Cromakalim; D020110:Pinacidil; D010208:Papaverine; D011188:Potassium; D009638:Norepinephrine