title: Transducer manometry and the effect of body position on anal canal pressures.
abstract: Anal canal manometry is performed conventionally with balloons, sleeves, perfused or nonperfused open-tipped catheters, or with multiport probes. The authors constructed a new manometer with four transducers embedded in a probe (15 mm outside diameter) and oriented radially, 90 degrees apart. The transducer probe was validated in 27 healthy volunteers by comparing its performance to that of a standard four-port perfused manometer and then used to measure anal canal and rectal pressures in body positions more physiologic (standing, sitting) than that usually employed (left lateral) for such measurements. Both devices measured similar anal canal resting pressure in the left lateral position (mid canal, 58 +/- 3 mm Hg perfused vs. 62 +/- 4 mm Hg transducer; P greater than 0.05). The transducer probe, however, recorded higher squeeze pressures (mid canal, 100 +/- 6 mm Hg perfused vs. 143 +/- 14 mm Hg transducer; P less than 0.05). The transducer probe detected higher intrarectal and resting anal canal pressures when subjects were standing or sitting, compared with the left lateral position (rectum, 3 +/- 1 mm Hg left lateral; 17 +/- 2 mm Hg standing; 20 +/- 1 mm Hg sitting; P less than 0.05; mid anal canal, 57 +/- 3 mm Hg left lateral; 86 +/- 4 mm Hg standing; 81 +/- 5 mm Hg sitting, P less than 0.05). The rise in resting anal canal pressure was uniform circumferentially. Neither anal canal length nor squeeze pressure changed with change in position. The authors concluded that 1) transducer manometry recorded similar resting but higher squeeze pressures compared with perfused manometry; 2) transducer manometry recorded the same radial variation in anal canal resting and squeeze pressures as that recorded by the perfused manometer; and 3) standing and sitting caused a four-fold rise in intrarectal pressure, which was associated with a concomitant rise in resting anal canal pressure.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pemberton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ness
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samson
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zinsmeister
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011312:Pressure; D014160:Transducers, Pressure