title: Therapeutic drug monitoring in a paediatric epilepsy clinic.
abstract: In 1988 a therapeutic drug monitoring programme for anticonvulsants was introduced in the paediatric neurology clinic at King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban. Although before this serum drug levels were routinely measured, the new approach involved the application of clinical pharmacokinetics to the results so that an individualised drug profile was available for use in conjunction with clinical evaluation at the patient's next visit. Case reports are presented to illustrate the value of using serum levels in this way. Of the 58 patients entered into the study in the course of 1 year, 32 (55%) benefited from the monitoring programme in that the pharmacokinetic report contributed to a dosage adjustment that resulted in a reduction in either seizure frequency or side-effects. The greatest value of the programme proved to be in rationalizing the use of phenytoin. Because of wide inter-patient variation and non-linear kinetics, it is difficult to establish an optimum maintenance dose for this drug. The individualised dose achieved in the present study using Bayesian forecasting resulted in improved seizure control in 10 of the 11 patients (91%) receiving phenytoin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical, University of Natal and King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Botha
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bobat
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moosa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D010599:Pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants