title: A new experimental model for measurement of pulmonary arterial haemodynamic variables in conscious rats before and after pulmonary embolism and during general anaesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to develop a new animal model of pulmonary arterial hypertension allowing direct measurement of pulmonary artery pressure in conscious chronically instrumented rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pulmonary artery pressure was measured via a pulmonary artery catheter, and cardiac output by thermodilution with a thermistor probe in the aortic arch, allowing determination of stroke volume and total pulmonary arterial resistance. Pulmonary hypertension was induced by fractionated injections of latex microspheres into pulmonary circulation, causing an increase in mean pulmonary pressure of 13.7 mm Hg (p less than 0.001). To test the regulatory influence of the renin system on the pulmonary vascular bed, one group of rats received an intravenous bolus injection of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor teprotide 1 mg x kg-1 24 h after pulmonary embolism. The effect of general barbiturate anaesthesia was also investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental animals were male Wistar rats, 300-350 g weight. They were studied in groups of 6-8.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following pulmonary embolism there was no significant difference in haemodynamic variables between control and teprotide treated rats. General anaesthesia caused an 11% fall in mean pulmonary artery pressure (p less than 0.01) and a 32% decrease in cardiac index (p less than 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) The renin-angiotensin system has no important role in the regulation of pulmonary resistance vessels 24 h after pulmonary embolism; (2) the negative inotropic effect of anaesthesia has major implications for interpretation of results obtained in animals under general anaesthesia; and (3) the results emphasise the need to study haemodynamic variables in conscious chronically instrumented, fully recovered, animals.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Riegger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoferer
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002302:Cardiac Output; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D011651:Pulmonary Artery; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013722:Teprotide / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014655:Vascular Resistance
chemical_list: D013722:Teprotide