Cholesterol-free diet with a high ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: significant lowering effect on plasma cholesterol.
We have studied the effect of diet therapy on plasma lipoprotein metabolism in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Seven patients with a mean plasma cholesterol concentration of 323 +/- 67 mg/dl were hospitalized and kept on a cholesterol-free diet for as long as 11 days without any medication. The content of dietary cholesterol was approximately 1.4 mg a day, and dietary fat, carbohydrate and protein comprised 18.0, 69.2 and 12.8% of calories, respectively. The ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P/S) was 3.1. At the end of the study period, plasma cholesterol was lowered by 14.2%, from 323 to 277 mg/dl, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by 17.5% from 229 to 189 mg/dl. Using density gradient ultracentrifugation, the major change in LDL cholesterol was found to be in those fractions with a mean density between 1.034 and 1.042, where cholesterol concentrations decreased from 132 to 87 mg/dl (34%). These results indicate that diet therapy with free-cholesterol and a high ratio of P/S is highly effective in controlling plasma cholesterol levels in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
Mokuno
H
H
Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Yamada
N
N
Sugimoto
T
T
Kobayashi
T
T
Ishibashi
S
S
Shimano
H
H
Takizawa
M
M
Kawakami
M
M
Takaku
F
F
Murase
T
T
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol