title: The effects of handling on antibody production, mitogen responses, spleen cell number, and lymphocyte subpopulations.
abstract: The effects of a simple psychosocial manipulation, handling, on immune function in BALB/c.ByJ mice were studied. Handling for two minutes/day prior to immunization was shown to be associated with a decreased primary IgG antibody response to the protein antigen keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Handling was also associated with decreased T cell proliferative responses to Concanavalin A. No reliable changes in spleen cell number or lymphocyte subsets were found. These findings demonstrate that simply picking up an animal results in modulation of the immune response. These data are also of interest for their obvious methodological implications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moynihan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koota
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Breneman
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Conen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ader
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000830:Animals, Laboratory / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006234:Handling, Psychological; D007114:Immunization; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C / Q000276:immunology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G