title: Suspected botulism in cattle associated with poultry litter.
abstract: Botulism was diagnosed clinically in grazing cattle on three closely sited dairy farms. The evidence suggests that the source of the toxin was poultry carcases containing types C and D Clostridium botulinum. These organism were also found in the alimentary tract of affected animals. Silage is suspected as having acted as a vehicle for the organisms and, or, toxins in cases which occurred later in housed cattle on one of the farms.
authors.affiliation: Fisheries and Food Veterinary Investigation Centre, Preston.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hogg
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000032:analysis; D001906:Botulism / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004064:Digestive System / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D008372:Manure
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D001905:Botulinum Toxins