Depressive symptoms by self-report in adolescence: phase I of the development of a questionnaire for depression by self-report.
As the first step in validating a criteria-based, self-report depression questionnaire specifically for children and adolescents and to determine the prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms, we studied 3,294 high school students of mixed ethnic background in a large urban school district. They completed the Weinberg Screening Affective Scale. The 21-item Beck Depression Inventory was also completed to allow comparison with a previous study. The prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms suggesting depression by self-report ranged from 18% on the Beck Depression Inventory to 13% on the Weinberg Screening Affective Scale. Hispanic females had the highest scores, while white males had the lowest. Being behind in school, female, and nonwhite predicted more self-reported depressive symptoms.
Emslie
G J
GJ
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.
Weinberg
W A
WA
Rush
A J
AJ
Adams
R M
RM
Rintelmann
J W
JW
D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D010556:Personality Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology