title: Loss of neurons in the frontal cortex in AIDS brains.
abstract: Neurons of Area 11 in the fronto-orbital cortex of 18 unselected AIDS brains are analyzed by means of stereology. Neurological abnormalities including dementing symptoms were described in eight patients. Neuropathology diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific changes in four, and diffuse poliodystrophy in eight brains. The majority (71.4%) of these brains was immunoreactive for HIV antigens when tested by immunocytochemistry. A significant loss of neurons is found as compared to normal controls. Neuronal density in AIDS brains is reduced by 18%, and the perikaryon volume fractions is reduced by 31%. Although only speculation on pathogenesis of this neuronal loss is possible at present, it may represent a part of the pathomorphological substrate of AIDS-related dementia. Moreover, it confirms by quantitative means damage to the cerebral cortex in AIDS which has been described only qualitatively as diffuse poliodystrophy.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Anatomie, Medizinische Universität Lübeck, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ketzler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weis
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haug
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Budka
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D001284:Atrophy; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged