title: A scanning electron microscopic study of rabbit ligaments under strain.
abstract: For the purpose of determining the critical strain level for ligaments submitted to mechanical stimulation, rabbit medial collateral ligaments (MCLs) were subjected to different predetermined strain levels and then examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Below 10% strain no evidence of disruption of the collagenous entities has been found. At about 10% strain, the ligaments were still intact macroscopically but SEM revealed numerous broken thin collagen fibers. At 20% strain, ruptures of thick collagen fibers bundles (5 to 10 mu in diameter) were found. These findings suggest that when using mechanical stimulation of ligaments, care must be taken to not exceed 10% strain level.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Institute, Ecole Polytechnique/Faculty of Medicine, Succ, A., Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yahia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brunet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Labelle
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Rivard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008022:Ligaments / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen