The use of genetic markers for personal identification and the analysis of family relationships.
In 1984 a family of hypervariable sequences was discovered in human DNA which when used as DNA probes provided a sufficiently informative sampling of an individual's DNA as to uniquely identify each person (except for genetically identical twins). Termed a DNA 'fingerprint', the DNA pattern revealed by the probes said nothing about characteristics of age, sex, height, or colour but immediately met a long-unanswered need for certain definition in the establishment of identity and family relationships. DNA tests are now a key tool in forensic investigations and are rapidly gaining acceptance in courts around the world. DNA tests are also replacing conventional serology for the resolution of paternity disputes. The definition provided by the DNA tests was possibly most urgently sought by immigration families in the UK who were separated by an inability to prove their family ties. The interest from the public has been overwhelming and Cellmark Diagnostics have already completed tests on over 15,000 individuals in the UK since opening in June 1987. Media coverage has been extensive, and continues to view DNA tests as beneficial; this, coupled with its commercial potential, suggests that DNA technology is here to stay.
Debenham
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International Scientific Services, Cellmark Diagnostics, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, UK.
D003241:Consanguinity; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D009710:Nucleotide Mapping
D005819:Genetic Markers