title: Kinetics, distribution, and biotransformation of the chemical HI-6 in the rat, dog, and rhesus monkey.
abstract: Disposition of the bis-pyridinium mono-oxime, HI-6, following intramuscular injection in rats (200 mg/kg bw), beagle dogs (10 and 50 mg/kg bw), and rhesus monkeys (50 mg/kg bw) revealed that the oxime was absorbed rapidly and completely from the site of injection, was distributed rapidly in the tissues, and that tissue concentrations decreased below the limits of detection by 4 h after treatment. No overt signs of toxicity were observed in any species at the concentrations given. Tissue analysis for HI-6 and degradation products was conducted by extraction followed by ion-pair, reverse phase, HPLC chromatography. The estimated plasma half-life values were 20, 40-55, and 25-30 min for rats, dogs, and monkeys, respectively. HI-6 and the degradation products were excreted via the urine. A marked species difference in disposition was observed in that HI-6 selectively accumulated in the diaphragmatic muscle of the rat to a level 10- to 20-fold higher than the level in blood plasma, whereas in the dog and monkey, diaphragmatic concentrations were comparable with those in the plasma. Three degradation products of HI-6 were detected in the plasma of the three species. One excreted product formed spontaneously since it was also detected in buffered solutions used for abiotic stability studies. The second product, the picolinic acid analog of HI-6, appeared to be metabolically formed in vivo. A third product remains unidentified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Qué., Canada.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Ecobichon
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Comeau
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: O'Neil
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Marshall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004285:Dogs; D006207:Half-Life; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D010091:Oximes; D011485:Protein Binding; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013045:Species Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014462:Ultrafiltration
chemical_list: D010091:Oximes; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; C022870:asoxime chloride