N-6 and N-3 PUFA in liver lipids, thromboxane formation and blood pressure from SHR during diets supplemented with evening primrose, sunflowerseed or fish oil.
Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) after weaning (at 4 weeks of age) were fed diets supplemented with either sunflowerseed oil (SO), evening primrose oil (EPO), fish oil (FO) or EPO + FO (50%: 50%, v/v) for 22 weeks. A diet with commercially available pellets served as control. Systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the dietary groups receiving FO, EPO and FO + EPO, the former being most effective. In liver triglycerides (TG) EPO resulted in a markedly increased percentage of linoleic acid (LA; C 18:2, n-6), alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-LNA; C 18:3, n-6) and especially of arachidonic acid (AA; C 20:4, n-6), whereas the long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C 20:5, n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C 22:6 n-3), were depressed to undetectable and significantly lower levels, respectively. In liver phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) only slight changes of LA and AA were observed. Feeding of FO led to a significant rise of EPA and DHA in liver TG, PC and PE at the expense of n-6 PUFA (except LA in PC and PE). With a combination of both EPO and FO a significant increase of EPA and DHA, but on lower levels as compared to FO alone, was associated with a significant rise of LA, but with a slight decline of AA as compared to the control animals. Nevertheless, the levels of AA in the group fed EPO + FO were still higher than in the FO-group. In the SO-group the increase of LA was even higher when compared with the EPO-group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Singer
P
P
Central Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Academy of Sciences of the GDR, Berlin-Buch.
Berger
I
I
Moritz
V
V
Förster
D
D
Taube
C
C
D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000378:metabolism; D005527:Food, Fortified; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D031665:Oenothera biennis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid
D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; C028498:evening primrose oil; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid