title: Improvement of human early embryo development in vitro by coculture on monolayers of Vero cells.
abstract: Human "spare" embryos, judged unsuitable for freezing because of their poor quality, were cocultured for 5 days on a "Vero" cell layer. These epithelial cells were selected because kidney and genital tract have a common embryologic origin and "Vero" cells are a safe and highly controlled cellular support used for vaccine production. In the control group, the embryos were cultured in culture medium alone (B2 + 15% serum). At the end of the culture, the number of blastocysts was significantly higher in the coculture group: 61% vs. 3%. Moreover, at least half of the blastocysts were expanding and hatching (13/25), with a chronologically normal development. These observations suggest that (1) the coculture system improves human embryonic development; (2) it can rescue early degenerating embryos; (3) beneficial effects of coculture are not strictly genital-tract specific, but rather epithelium dependent. This coculture system could be used for in vitro fertilization to prolong in vitro culture and thus make it possible to transfer embryos at a more appropriate time, to eliminate early-blocked eggs, and to freeze embryos at the blastocyst stage, when freezing procedures are most successful.
authors.affiliation: INSA Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Menezo
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Guerin
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Czyba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology