title: Synthesis, chemistry, and antineoplastic activity of alpha-halopyridinium salts: potential pyridone prodrugs of acylated vinylogous carbinolamine tumor inhibitors.
abstract: A series of 4- and 5-[2,3-dihydro-6,7-bis[[(N-alkylcarbamoyl)oxy]methyl]-1H-pyrrol izin-5- yl]-2-halopyridinium iodides were synthesized. The rates of hydrolysis of the alpha-halopyridinium salts to the corresponding pyridones, and the reactivities of the carbamate moieties were studied as a function of pH, buffer composition, and ionic strength. The 4- and 5-pyrrolizinyl-2-halopyridinium iodides and the corresponding pyridones were evaluated against P388 lymphocytic leukemia in vivo. The alpha-fluoropyridinium compounds were active but the alpha-chloro compounds were not. This activity was correlated with the rates of hydrolysis of the alpha-halopyridinium compounds to the active pyridone. Compounds that were active in the P388 screen were evaluated in L1210 leukemia, M5076 carcinoma, and MX-1 mammary xenograft assays in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, State University of New York, Buffalo 14260.
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Endo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006868:Hydrolysis; D051379:Mice; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011728:Pyridones / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011355:Prodrugs; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D011728:Pyridones; D011758:Pyrroles