title: Potential for nonnarcotic analgesics to save personnel costs associated with controlling injectable morphine and meperidine.
abstract: The personnel costs associated with handling injectable morphine and meperidine in five hospitals were determined, and the potential savings from using a non-controlled analgesic as an alternative were estimated. Five distinctly different U.S. hospitals were selected for study. Tasks involved in the acquisition, distribution, and preparation of injectable doses of morphine and meperidine were identified, and data on the personnel time required to complete each task were collected. Personnel costs were calculated on the basis of per minute wage rates, and costs that could be avoided if injectable morphine and meperidine were replaced by a nonnarcotic analgesic were estimated by determining the relevance of each task to the use of a noncontrolled injectable agent. The total personnel cost of controlling morphine and meperidine ranged from $0.55 to $0.93 per dose; the weighted average cost was $0.64 per dose. The savings that could be realized by replacing injectable morphine and meperidine with a noncontrolled injectable analgesic ranged from $0.13 to $0.36 per dose; the weighted average avoidable cost was $0.23 per dose. Eliminating the need to control these medications might not result in savings in dollar terms but would free health-care workers to perform other tasks. If costs are interpreted in terms of lost opportunities, such savings are real. The use of a nonnarcotic injectable analgesic in place of injectable morphine and meperidine could save approximately $0.23 in personnel costs per dose at the study hospitals.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Affairs, Philadelphia Association for Clinical Trials, PA 19087.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koffer
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Connell
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003363:Cost Control; D006764:Hospitals, Community / Q000191:economics; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000191:economics; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000191:economics; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D008614:Meperidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000191:economics*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D009020:Morphine; D008614:Meperidine