title: [Animal modeling and experimental pharmacology of human spasticity].
abstract: The first part of the paper exposes the basic characteristics of the human spasticity which should be modeled: No hypertonia at rest; velocity-dependent myotatic responses, and fatigability. To model a syndrome including these signs is a related but different problem. Results and limits of the clinical neurophysiology concerning the spasticity are briefly quoted. Animal models would better assist the human neurophysiology when having their neuroanatomy closer to the human one. The second part confirms that a local unilateral excision of the ad hoc sensorimotor cerebral cortice of the Baboon induces a permanent palsy of the contralateral foot and leg, and after delay signs of spasticity in the Sol. Neither clasp-knife phenomenon nor fatigability is observed. There is no sign of motoneuron hyper-excitability. A GABA-related pharmacology suggests a significant defect in the presynaptic inhibition of the reflexogenic IA in-put, and possibly a defect in a post-synaptique gabaergic inhibition. Finally the monkey is considered as a valuable support for modeling the human spasticity, symptom and possibly syndrome.
authors.affiliation: CNRS 372, Université de Provence, Centre de Saint Jérôme, Marseille.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hugon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Francon
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Costes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D006801:Humans; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000662:veterinary; D010215:Papio; D013003:Somatosensory Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
vernacular_title: Modélisation animale et pharmacologie expérimentale de la spasticité humaine.