title: Acute toxic effects of an isolate of moniliformin-producing Fusarium oxysporum and purified moniliformin on rats.
abstract: An isolate of Fusarium oxysporum (MT-6) was obtained from pasture soil in New Zealand in 1987. The isolate was grown on rice and fed to rats in a ratio of 50% and 10% of a complete diet. All rats died within 16 hr and showed mild intestinal and thymic hemorrhage. The major identifiable toxin was moniliformin found at a concentration of 9 mg/g in the rice culture. Purified crystals of moniliformin fed to rats at concentrations of 8, 5 and 3 mg/g of rat diet caused hemorrhaging in the intestines and death of 3 of 3 rats within 16 hr. Dietary concentrations of 2.5 and 2 mg/g of moniliformin killed 2 of 3 rats and concentrations of 1.5 and 1 mg/g killed 1 of 3 rats. No lesions were observed in 3 groups of 3 rats fed a diet containing 0.75, 0.5 or 0.25 mg/g of moniliformin. Intragastric intubation of moniliformin caused hemorrhage of the small intestine and death in 5 of 5 rats at each concentration of 100, 80, 60 and 40 mg/kg body weight and death of 4 of 5 rats at 20 mg/kg. No observable toxic effects were observed in groups of 5 rats each receiving 10, 5 and 2.5 mg of moniliformin/kg body weight.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Mirocha
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Vesonder
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gunther
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005670:Fusarium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D003503:Cyclobutanes; D009183:Mycotoxins; C008539:moniliformin