title: Human scalp hair as evidence of individual dosage history of haloperidol: a possible linkage of haloperidol excretion into hair with hair pigment.
abstract: We report a method for determining haloperidol concentration in human scalp hair and discuss a possible linkage of haloperidol excretion into hair with the hair pigment melanin. First, an animal study was conducted to support the idea that hair contains amounts of haloperidol corresponding to the doses given and pigmented hair contains much more drug than does unpigmented hair. The haloperidol concentration was measured using a radioimmunoassay technique after hairs were dissolved in 2.5 N NaOH solution and the drug extracted. Pigmented and albino rats, whose hair from an area on the back had been removed beforehand by plucking, were administered either 1, 3, or 10 mg of haloperidol (i.p.) per kg body weight every day for 3 weeks. At the end of the administration period hair which had newly grown on the denuded area was plucked and collected. In each of the two groups classified by hair color the drug levels in the hair correlated with the doses given; however, the concentrations in the hair from the albino rats were much lower than those in the hair from the pigmented rats (which was less than 8.5%). Second, black and white hair was collected from each of seven human subjects with grizzled hair, who were receiving or had been administered haloperidol at fixed daily doses for more than 1 month, and the concentration of haloperidol in each type of hair was measured. In the same subject the concentration in the white hair was found to be much lower than that in the black (less than 10%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fujimori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006200:Hair Color / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008543:Melanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012535:Scalp / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins; D006220:Haloperidol