title: Synergistic divergence and jaw-winking phenomenon.
abstract: Synergistic divergence is a congenital syndrome of monocular adduction deficit, with simultaneous abduction of both eyes on attempted gaze into the field of action of the paretic medial rectus muscle. Based on electromyographic data, it has been speculated that it is a neural miswiring disorder related to Duane's retraction syndrome. The association between Duane's retraction syndrome and the Marcus Gunn jaw-winking phenomenon, another neural miswiring disorder, has been previously reported. The authors describe a patient with both bilateral synergistic divergence and Marcus Gunn jaw-winking phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Fla.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hamed
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Dennehy
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Lingua
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003290:Convergence, Ocular; D003389:Cranial Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000503:physiopathology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000294:innervation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000294:innervation; D009802:Oculomotor Nerve / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013577:Syndrome; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology