title: Anthelmintic activity of paraherquamide in sheep.
abstract: Paraherquamide, an oxindole alkaloid metabolite of Penicillium paraherquei, was tested against the common gastrointestinal nematode species of sheep at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg, per os. It was highly efficacious (greater than or equal to 98% reduction) as a single oral treatment dosages greater than or equal to 0.5 mg/kg against adult Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus axei, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Cooperia curticei, and the L4 stage of Cooperia spp. Noteworthy is the fact the isolate of H. contortus used was ivermectin-resistant and the isolate of T. colubriformis used was ivermectin- and benzimidazole-resistant. This suggests a different mode of action for paraherquamide relative to ivermectin and the benzimidazoles. The adult stage of Oesophagostomum columbianum was the dosage-limiting parasite with 79% efficacy recorded at the highest treatment level (2.0 mg/kg). Extrapolation from the O. columbianum response curve suggests a dosage in excess of 4.0 mg/kg would be required to attain 95% efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research, Rahway, New Jersey 07065-0900.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Shoop
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Egerton
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Eary
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Suhayda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007212:Indolizines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D007212:Indolizines; D013141:Spiro Compounds; C063985:paraherquamide