Two zero-flow pressure intercepts exist in autoregulating isolated skeletal muscle.
The autoregulating vascular bed of the isolated canine extensor digitorum longus muscle was investigated for the possible existence of two positive zero-flow pressure axis intercepts, a tone-dependent one and a tone-independent one. An isolated preparation, perfused with autologous blood, was used to exclude effects of collateral flow and nervous and humoral regulation while autoregulation was left intact [mean autoregulatory gain 0.50 +/- 0.24 (SD)]. In a first series of experiments, the steady-state (zero flow) pressure axis intercept [mean 8.9 +/- 2.6 (SD) mmHg, tone independent] and the instantaneous (zero flow) pressure axis intercept [mean 28.5 +/- 9.9 (SD) mmHg, tone dependent] were determined as a function of venous pressure (range: 0-45 mmHg) and were independent of venous pressure until the venous pressure exceeded their respective values. Beyond this point the relations between the venous pressure and the steady-state and instantaneous pressure axis intercept followed the line of identity. The findings agree with the predictions of the vascular waterfall model. In a second series it was shown by means of administration of vasoactive drugs that the instantaneous pressure axis intercept is tone dependent, whereas the steady-state pressure axis intercept is not. It is concluded that there is a (proximal) tone-dependent zero-flow pressure at the arteriolar level and a (distal) tone-independent zero-flow pressure at the venous level.
Braakman
R
R
Laboratory for Physiology, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Sipkema
P
P
Westerhof
N
N
D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004285:Dogs; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009132:Muscles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology; D010827:Physiology / Q000295:instrumentation; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D014664:Vasodilation; D014690:Venous Pressure