Development and testing of a human collagen graft material.
Human Type I collagen was extracted from placenta using pepsin and salt fractionation. The collagen was characterized by SDS-PAG electrophoresis dispersed in acidic medium, freeze-dried, and cross-linked in an 0.25% glutaraldehyde solution pH 4.5 for 2 days. After washing for 7 days and freeze drying the resultant collagen sponge was tested with regard to mechanical, physical, enzymatic degradation properties and biological responses. The modulus of elasticity was found to be 289 +/- 10 g/mm2 and the sponge was insoluble in water, buffered saline, or tissue culture medium over a period of 6 weeks with swelling occurring at less than 5% of volume. The sponge had a high fluid binding capacity, amounting to 56 +/- 5 mL tissue culture medium per gram of dry weight. Bacterial collagenase produced slow degradation of the sponge with complete disappearance by 24 h only when high concentrations (200 units enzyme per mg of the collagen sponge) were used. Cytotoxicity studies using human gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts revealed less than 5% apparent cytotoxicity or proliferation. Subcutaneous implantation was followed by resorption and vascularization over a period of 6-8 weeks. It was concluded that the collagen sponge prepared from human Type I collagen has potential as a graft material in oral surgical procedures.
Quteish
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D
Department of Periodontology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff.
Singh
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G
Dolby
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AE
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D013515:Surgery, Oral; D015503:Surgical Sponges / Q000009:adverse effects
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003094:Collagen