Halothane metabolism in children.
Halothane (1% v/v inspired) was administered for 60 min to six children of mean age 74 months (range 14-119 months). Uptake of halothane was measured from the difference in the concentration in inspired and expired gas and varied from 176 to 310 mg kg-1, depending on minute ventilation. After administration of halothane ceased, its elimination in expired gas was measured in four patients until the conclusion of anaesthesia; 32-37% of the absorbed halothane was expired 90 min after halothane administration ceased. Urinary excretion of trifluoroacetic acid, fluoride and bromide was measured for up to 1 week. Of the absorbed halothane, 11.4% (range 6.3-18.2%) was excreted in urine as trifluoroacetic acid and 0.37% (range 0.10-0.64%) as inorganic fluoride. The urinary half-life of trifluoracetic acid was 41.8 h (range 10.4-59.1 h). The quantitative and qualitative metabolism of halothane via the reductive and oxidative pathways in children are comparable to values found in adults. No differences in the metabolism of halothane by children were found which would explain the different incidence of halothane-associated hepatitis compared with adults.
Wark
H
H
Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia.
Earl
J
J
Chau
D D
DD
Overton
J
J
D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000502:physiology; D001965:Bromides / Q000652:urine; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D005459:Fluorides / Q000652:urine; D006207:Half-Life; D006221:Halothane / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012119:Respiration; D014269:Trifluoroacetic Acid / Q000652:urine
D001965:Bromides; D003404:Creatinine; D014269:Trifluoroacetic Acid; D005459:Fluorides; D006221:Halothane