title: Circadian and light-induced conductance changes in putative pacemaker cells of Bulla gouldiana.
abstract: The ocular circadian rhythm of compound action potential frequency in Bulla gouldiana is driven by rhythmic changes in the membrane potential of putative circadian pacemaker cells. Changes in the membrane potential of these neurons is required for light-induced phase shifts of the rhythm. We have tested the proposition that these changes in membrane potential reflect underlying changes in ionic conductances. We have found that: 1. Membrane conductance in the dark is highest during the subjective night when the cells are hyperpolarized, decreases as the cells depolarize spontaneously near projected dawn and is lowest during the subjective day. The changes in membrane potential and conductance follow a similar time course. 2. Long pulses of light delivered to eyes during their subjective night produce a characteristic response: There is initially a large, phasic depolarization accompanied by a burst of CAPs; this is followed by a repolarizing phase during which CAP activity is reduced to zero; and finally a tonic depolarization develops that is accompanied by a resumption of CAP activity at a steady rate. 3. During the subjective night, the tonic depolarization is accompanied by a decrease in conductance compared to the previous dark value. However, light pulses of similar duration delivered to eyes during their subjective day causes tonic depolarizations and increased CAP activity, but no measurable change in conductance. 4. Membrane responses to light are sensitive to agents that reduce Ca2+ flux. Light pulses during the subjective night produce a phasic depolarization, but the repolarization phase is eliminated in low Ca2+/EGTA seawater and is reduced in 5 mM Ni2+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22901.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ralph
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Block
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008029:Lighting; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008974:Mollusca / Q000502:physiology*; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium