The measurement of soiling.
To show the quantity of soiling due to environmental sources different methods of measuring are applied: two methods pertaining to the mass (classic deposit plates and simple plates) and two optical methods (reflectance and transmission). Deposit plates, anodized aluminium, glazed earthenware plates, and polystyren, glass, "Tergal" cloth plates were used in 8 urban sites and 1 extra-urban site during 1 to 3 months. The simple plate method as well as the measurement of the reflectance and transmission of the light really show the amount of soiling deposit in a town. The simple plates are more suitable for a high particles pollution and the optical methods (especially the light transmission method) are more suitable for a low pollution. The more useful and simple method is the anodized aluminium plates. Also, this study gives evidence of the main responsibility of the motor vehicle in polluting the facades along roads: 70 to 80% of the soiling is due to transportation.
Terrat
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MN
Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (INRETS LEN), Bron, France.
Joumard
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R
D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D014186:Transportation; D014505:Urban Population