title: Determination of protein orientation on surfaces with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
abstract: The use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for determination of the preferred orientation of proteins on metal surfaces is demonstrated. A myoglobin derivative in which a pentaamineruthenium (III) group is attached to a specific histidine (residue 81) is used for this purpose, with the Ru and Fe acting as a double marker. The relative intensities of the XPS photoelectron spectra for these two markers are shown to be a sensitive measure of orientation of the protein film. On both aluminum and indium-tin-oxide surfaces, XPS indicates that the Ru-Fe axis of the myoglobin derivative is preferentially oriented with the Ru furthest from the substrate.
authors.affiliation: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91109.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Margalit
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Vasquez
mesh_terms: D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D008670:Metals; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012428:Ruthenium; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D009211:Myoglobin; D012428:Ruthenium