title: Adverse reactions to ionic and nonionic contrast media. A report from the Japanese Committee on the Safety of Contrast Media.
abstract: A large-scale (337,647 cases), nationwide comparative clinical study in Japan on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to high-osmolar ionic contrast media and low-osmolar nonionic contrast media was performed prospectively. Ionic contrast media were administered in 169,284 cases (50.1%) and nonionic contrast media in 168,363 cases (49.9%). The overall prevalence of ADRs was 12.66% in the ionic contrast media group and 3.13% in the nonionic contrast media group. Severe ADRs occurred in 0.22% of the ionic and 0.04% of the nonionic contrast media examinations. One death occurred in each group, but a causal relationship to the contrast medium could not be established. It is concluded that nonionic contrast media significantly reduce the frequency of severe and potentially life-threatening ADRs to contrast media at all levels of risk and that use of these media represents the most effective means of increasing the safety of contrast media examinations.
authors.affiliation: Japanese Committee on the Safety of Contrast Media, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kozuka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Seez
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011817:Rabbits; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014567:Urography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media