title: Changing patterns of hepatitis A virus infection in children in Palermo, Italy.
abstract: In 1988 in Palermo, Italy, the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) in a sample of 490 children 6-13 years old was 10.6%; it increased from 6.3% among children 6-10 years old to 14.7% in children 11-13 years old (P less than 0.01). Compared with findings from a survey conducted in 1978 in the same area, the results of the present study show a significant (P less than 0.01) reduction in the anti-HAV prevalence in both age groups. Anti-HAV prevalence was inversely related to the father's years of education and positively related to the family size. Children of fathers with less than 6 years of schooling had a 3.2-fold risk (C.I. 95% = 1.3-8.1), and children with five or more members in their households had a 2.7-fold risk (C.I. 95% = 1.1-6.4) of previous exposure to hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. Our findings indicate that exposure of children in Palermo to HAV is decreasing significantly, probably because of improvements in socio-economic conditions during recent years; however socio-demographic factors appear to be important determinants of infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Epidemiologia, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stroffolini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Crescenzo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giammanco
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Intonazzo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: La Rosa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cascio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarzana
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiarini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dardanoni
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy
chemical_list: D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies