title: A double-blind single dose comparison of intramuscular ketorolac tromethamine and pethidine in the treatment of renal colic.
abstract: The efficacy of a single dose of intramuscular ketorolac 10 mg or 90 mg was compared with pethidine 100 mg in a randomized double-blind study in 121 patients reporting at least moderate pain due to renal colic. Pain was assessed before drug administration, and then at 1 hour and 12 hours after the dose. Sedation was also assessed at these times, and additionally at the 12 hour assessment the time of the next analgesic dose was recorded. At 1 hour after dosing, pain scores had decreased in all groups; the largest decrease was seen in the ketorolac 90 mg group. The difference in the decrease was significant between the two ketorolac groups, but the differences between ketorolac and pethidine were not significant. Fewer patients in the ketorolac 90 mg group (17%) required a further dose of analgesic within 10 hours than in either the ketorolac 10 mg group (39%) or the pethidine 100 mg group (47%). The difference between ketorolac 90 mg and pethidine 100 mg was statistically significant. At both assessment times the proportion of patients with no sedation was higher in the two ketorolac groups than in the pethidine group. The overall incidence of adverse events was low with all drugs, notably so for the occurrence of vomiting after ketorolac. The results of the study show that intramuscular ketorolac is efficacious in the treatment of renal colic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Oosterlinck
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Philp
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Charig
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gillies
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hetherington
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloyd
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003085:Colic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011897:Random Allocation; D014046:Tolmetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014325:Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014325:Tromethamine; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D008614:Meperidine; D014046:Tolmetin