title: Recovery of the pyrrolic nucleus of pyrrolizidine alkaloid metabolites from sulphur conjugates in tissues and body fluids.
abstract: Reactive pyrrolic metabolites formed when pyrrolizidine alkaloids are given to rats can alkylate soluble and tissue-bound thiol groups. Pyrrolic thioethers thus formed are relatively stable, and may persist in tissues for long periods. A simple procedure has been developed for recovering the nucleus of the pyrrolic metabolite from such S-binding, whether in solution or attached to solid tissues, in an easily identifiable form. The thioether bond was broken by silver nitrate and the pyrrolic moiety allowed to react with ethanol or methanol to form an ethoxy or methoxy derivative. The chemical basis of the procedure was established by model experiments on a preparative scale, but for small scale recovery from tissues, pyrrolic ethers were extracted and identified by TLC, HPLC, capillary GC and mass spectrometry. Because the pyrrolic derivatives thus formed were easily recognised and unrelated to any physiological compound, the recovery method described, especially when applied to blood samples, provided a way to monitor animals for previous exposure to toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Unit, MRC Laboratories, Carshalton, Surrey, U.K.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mattocks
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jukes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000032:analysis; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012835:Silver Nitrate; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D012835:Silver Nitrate