Supplemental group discussions in memory training for older adults.
Memory training was compared in adults aged 60-80. Groups 1 and 2 studied a self-instructional memory training manual; Group 2 also attended supplementary group discussions of typical problems of later life, related coping methods, and the techniques in the self-instructional manuals. Group 3 was a wait-list control group. Memory performance on 2 word lists significantly improved in the supplemental discussion group but not in the group that only studied the self-instructional manual. Enhanced performances were maintained at a 1-month follow-up. Bibliotherapy alone may be inferior to treatment involving a group component, although the mechanisms of such enhancement remain unexplored with respect to memory training. Neither treated group improved their digit span or recall of names and a brief prose passage; teaching older adults the strategies of chunking and use of imagery may not be beneficial.
Flynn
T M
TM
Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.
Storandt
M
M
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D004526:Efficiency; D005260:Female; D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D011380:Programmed Instructions as Topic; D013663:Teaching