title: Microvascular effects of chondroitinase ABC and chymopapain. An in vivo experimental study on hamsters and rabbits.
abstract: Immediate and long-term microvascular effects of chondroitinase ABC, 200 unit/ml, were analyzed in ten hamsters. The immediate effects on the microcirculation were studied by vital microscopy following local injection in the cheek pouch. There were no detectable effects on the microvascular blood flow during the 60 minutes of observation for chondroitinase ABC or the control. A therapeutic concentration (2000 pKat/ml) of chymopapain stopped the microcirculation in the injected area immediately, with numerous microbleedings at the border zone. Long-term effects were studied after subcutaneous injections in the ears of six rabbits. Chondroitinase ABC and the control did not cause any macroscopic or microangiographic effects. However, light microscopy showed a moderate inflammatory reaction in the subcutaneous layer for both chondroitinase ABC and the control. Chymopapain induced severe effects on the cartilage and surrounding tissues. Microangiography revealed a vessel-free zone at the injection site. Since 200 units/ml of chondroitinase ABC is four to eight times higher than the concentration that might be used for chemonucleolysis, i.e., dissolution of intervertebral discs by local enzyme injection, the present investigation suggests a wide margin of safety regarding the potential effects on blood vessels in tissues surrounding the disc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Gothenburg University, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Olmarker
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Danielsen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nannmark
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sennerby
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rydevik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D002610:Cheek; D002808:Chondroitin Lyases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002810:Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002917:Chymopapain / Q000494:pharmacology; D006224:Cricetinae; D008647:Mesocricetus; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D002917:Chymopapain; D002808:Chondroitin Lyases; D002810:Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases