title: Identification of an origin of bidirectional DNA replication in mammalian chromosomes.
abstract: Mechanistically, an origin of bidirectional DNA replication (OBR) can be defined by the transition from discontinuous to continuous DNA synthesis that must occur on each template strand at the site where replication forks originate. This results from synthesis of Okazaki fragments predominantly on the retrograde arms of forks. We have identified these transitions at a specific site within a 0.45 kb sequence approximately 17 kb downstream from the 3' end of the dihydrofolate reductase gene in Chinese hamster ovary chromosomes. At least 80% of the replication forks in a 27 kb region emanated from this OBR. Thus, initiation of DNA replication in mammalian chromosomes uses the same replication fork mechanism previously described in a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes, suggesting that mammalian chromosomes also utilize specific cis-acting sequences as origins of DNA replication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Burhans
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Vassilev
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Caddle
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Heintz
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: DePamphilis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003360:Cosmids; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004261:DNA Replication; D005260:Female; D005796:Genes; D010053:Ovary; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D013698:Templates, Genetic; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase