title: Pharmacokinetics of i.m. glycopyrronium.
abstract: A sensitive radioreceptor assay was used to determine the pharmacokinetics of glycopyrronium following a single i.m. injection of 8 micrograms kg-1 in nine surgical patients. Rapid absorption was found, with a mean peak plasma concentration after 16.1 min and mean elimination half-life of 75.4 min. Almost half (49.3%) of the drug was excreted in pharmacologically active form in the urine within 3 h. A significant increase in heart rate (P less than 0.05) occurred in 15 min, lasting up to 60 min, and an antisialagogue effect in 10 min, lasting up to 8 h (P less than 0.05). There was no measurable glycopyrronium in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid samples (n = 9) taken 40 min after administration of drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Turku University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ali-Melkkilä
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaila
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kanto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iisalo
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006024:Glycopyrrolate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008875:Middle Aged; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011759:Pyrrolidines; D006024:Glycopyrrolate