Comparative serum bactericidal activity of ceftizoxime/metronidazole, ceftizoxime, clindamycin, and imipenem against obligate anaerobic bacteria.
We compared the bactericidal activity of serum obtained from healthy volunteers after single intravenous infusions of the combination of ceftizoxime (1 g) plus metronidazole (1 g) and after infusions of ceftizoxime (2 g), clindamycin (900 mg), and imipenem (1 g) against six obligate anaerobes. All agents were bactericidal but only the combination regimen resulted in bactericidal titres greater than 1:2 at 12 h for all the Bacteroides fragilis group organisms. High titres against Fusobacterium necrophorum and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci were attained with ceftizoxime/metronidazole, ceftizoxime, and imipenem 12 h after the dose. Imipenem and the combination of ceftizoxime/metronidazole had the greatest area under the bactericidal curve (AUBC) against the Bacteroides species. Clindamycin had a significantly smaller AUBC than other regimens for all strains tested except B. thetaiotaomicron. Clinical trials are needed to assess the efficacy and cost-benefit ratio of a 12 h dosing regimen of ceftizoxime in combination with metronidazole for treating mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections.
Kowalsky
S F
SF
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Albany College of Pharmacy, NY 12208.
Echols
R M
RM
McCormick
E M
EM
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects*; D015296:Ceftizoxime / Q000494:pharmacology; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015610:Serum Bactericidal Test
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008795:Metronidazole; D002981:Clindamycin; D015378:Imipenem; D015296:Ceftizoxime