title: Reducing the pain of intradermal lignocaine injection by pH buffering.
abstract: The effect of pH on the pain of administration and efficacy of 1% lignocaine was investigated in a prospective, double-blind, randomized study of 20 adult volunteers. Onset and spread of anaesthesia by intra-dermal injection were not altered, but there was a significant reduction in pain scores with a higher pH. Overall, pain scores appear to be more dependent on the speed of injection rather than alteration of pH.
authors.affiliation: Accident and Emergency Department, Pinderfields Hospital, Wakefield, England.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McGlone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bodenham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002021:Buffers; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007271:Injections, Intradermal / Q000009:adverse effects; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D008012:Lidocaine