title: Ba2+, TEA+, and quinine effects on apical membrane K+ conductance and maxi K+ channels in gallbladder epithelium.
abstract: The apical membrane of Necturus gallbladder epithelium contains a voltage-activated K+ conductance [Ga(V)]. Large-conductance (maxi) K+ channels underlie Ga(V) and account for 17% of the membrane conductance (Ga) under control conditions. We examined the Ba2+, tetraethylammonium (TEA+), and quinine sensitivities of Ga and single maxi K+ channels. Mucosal Ba2+ addition decreased resting Ga in a concentration-dependent manner (65% block at 5 mM) and decreased Ga(V) in a concentration- and voltage-dependent manner. Mucosal TEA+ addition also decreased control Ga (60% reduction at 5 mM). TEA+ block of Ga(V) was more potent and less voltage dependent that Ba2+ block. Maxi K+ channels were blocked by external Ba2+ at millimolar levels and by external TEA+ at submillimolar levels. At 0.3 mM, quinine (mucosal addition) hyperpolarized the cell membranes by 6 mV and reduced the fractional apical membrane resistance by 50%, suggesting activation of an apical membrane K+ conductance. At 1 mM, quinine both activated and blocked K(+)-conductive pathways. Quinine blocked maxi K+ channel currents at submillimolar concentrations. We conclude that 1) Ba2+ and TEA+ block maxi K+ channels and other K+ channels underlying resting Ga; 2) parallels between the Ba2+ and TEA+ sensitivities of Ga(V) and maxi K+ channels support a role for these channels in Ga(V); and 3) quinine has multiple effects on K(+)-conductive pathways in gallbladder epithelium, which are only partially explained by block of apical membrane maxi K+ channels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Segal
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reuss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001464:Barium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods; D004848:Epithelium / Q000502:physiology; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008839:Microelectrodes; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009337:Necturus; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011803:Quinine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D013757:Tetraethylammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D013757:Tetraethylammonium Compounds; D001464:Barium; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D011803:Quinine