title: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in human nasal mucosa.
abstract: Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide found in sympathetic neurons, was analyzed in human inferior turbinate nasal mucosal tissue. NPY content determined by radioimmunoassay was 3.13 +/- 0.79 pmol/g tissue (n = 6) in mucosa extracted with ethanol-acetic acid. NPY-immunoreactive nerves were found around small muscular arteries, arterioles, arteriovenous anastomoses, and as free fibers near arteriolar and venous vessels. They formed a plexus around the arterial vessels, and were also present between vascular smooth muscle cells. Few NPY fibers were present near glands or the epithelium. [125I]NPY binding sites were localized by autoradiography to small muscular arteries, arterioles, and a few venous sinusoids. In explant culture experiments, 4 microM NPY did not stimulate release of [3H]glucosamine-labeled glycoconjugates or lactoferrin (a product of serous cells) from nasal mucosal fragments. Degradation of NPY by a tissue homogenate was rapid (t1/2 = 13.5 +/- 2.3 min). The degradation was inhibited by thiorphan and phosphoramidon, inhibitors of neutral endopeptidase activity. NPY released from sympathetic neurons may play a role as a constrictor of arterial vessels and regulate vasomotor tone in the human nasal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Allergic Diseases Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Baraniuk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castellino
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lundgren
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goff
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mullol
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merida
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shelhamer
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kaliner
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries / Q000294:innervation; D001345:Autoradiography; D001665:Binding Sites; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D046508:Culture Techniques; D006001:Glycoconjugates / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000378:metabolism; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000032:analysis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation*; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000032:analysis*; D009474:Neurons / Q000032:analysis; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D014680:Veins / Q000294:innervation
chemical_list: D006001:Glycoconjugates; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D007781:Lactoferrin