title: Zinc inhibition of chloride efflux from skeletal muscle of Rana pipiens and its modification by external pH and chloride activity.
abstract: Efflux of 36Cl- from frog sartorius muscles equilibrated in depolarizing solutions was measured. Cl- efflux consists of a component present at low pH and a pH-dependent component which increases as external pH increases. In depolarized muscles from Rana pipiens, the pH-dependent Cl- efflux has an apparent pKa near 6.4. The reduction of Cl- efflux by external Zn2+ was determined at different external pHs and chloride activities. The effect of external chloride activity on the pH-dependent Cl- efflux was also examined. At pH 6.5 and a membrane potential of -22 mV, increasing external Cl- activity from 0.108 to 0.28 M decreased inhibition of the pH-dependent Cl- efflux at all activities of Zn2+. The Zn2+ activity needed to reduce Cl- efflux by half increased from 0.39 x 10(-3) to 2.09 x 10(-3) M. By contrast, external Cl- activity had no measurable effect on the apparent pKa of the pH-dependent efflux. At constant Cl- activity less than 0.21 M, increasing external pH from 6.5 to 7.5 decreased inhibition by low Zn2+ activities with either a slight increase or no change in the Zn2+ activity producing half-inhibition. In other words, for relatively low Cl- activities, protection against inhibition of Cl- efflux by low Zn2+ activities was obtained by raising, not lowering, external pH; this is not what is expected if H+ and Zn2+ ions compete at the same site to produce inhibition of Cl- efflux. We conclude that Zn2+ and low pH inhibit Cl- efflux by separate and distinct mechanisms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, New York 14642.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Spalding
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taber
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Swift
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Horowicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008433:Mathematics; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011894:Rana pipiens; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D015032:Zinc