title: Treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors.
abstract: We investigated the treatment of 24 rectal carcinoid tumors from both the clinicopathologic and prognostic viewpoints. All tumors less than 2 cm in diameter had neither muscle layer invasion nor lymph node metastasis, except for an atypical carcinoid tumor that had both lymphatic permeation and intramural metastasis. One typical carcinoid tumor larger than 2 cm had both several lymphatic permeations and urinary bladder invasion. All cases had a good prognosis with no recurrence and no new metastases. For rectal carcinoid tumors less than 2 cm in diameter, local resection is sufficient, whereas radical operation is required for tumors larger than 2 cm in diameter. For atypical rectal carcinoid tumors, radical operation should be considered even if the diameter is less than 2 cm.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahimachi Kurumeshi, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirouzu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isomoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakegawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morimatsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery