title: Antibody-mediated in vitro neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 abolishes infectivity for chimpanzees.
abstract: This study was undertaken to establish whether antibody directed against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) principal gp120 type-specific neutralization determinant can abolish the infectivity of HIV-1 in chimpanzees. Challenge inocula of the IIIb virus isolate were mixed in vitro with either immunoglobulin G (IgG) from an uninfected chimpanzee, nonneutralizing IgG from an HIV-seropositive human, a virus-neutralizing murine monoclonal antibody directed against the HIV-1 IIIb isolate, or virus-neutralizing IgG from a chimpanzee infected with the IIIb isolate. Both neutralizing antibodies were directed against the principal neutralization determinant of the challenge isolate. Establishment of infection following inoculation of each virus-antibody mixture into chimpanzees was assessed by virus-specific antibody development and by virus isolation. No protective effect was noted either with the control IgG or with the nonneutralizing anti-HIV IgG. By contrast, the polyclonal chimpanzee virus-neutralizing IgG prevented HIV-1 in vivo infection, while the neutralizing monoclonal antibody notably decreased the infectivity of the challenge virus. Hence, antibody to the gp120 principal neutralization determinant is able both to prevent HIV-1 infection in vitro and to inhibit infection in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Emini
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Nara
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Schleif
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Davide
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Conley
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Putney
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000382:microbiology*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G