Infrequent neonatal opiate withdrawal following maternal methadone detoxification during pregnancy.
The influence of maternal participation in a methadone detoxification program as compared to street drug use on intrauterine growth and neonatal morbidity was analysed in 75 newborns. -58 of 75 pregnant addicts joined the methadone program; in 17 women with successful prepartal detoxification, we found a longer course of pregnancy as well as normalized birth weight, head circumference and respiratory status of the neonates. The HIV-status showed no influence on prenatal growth. 63% of all infants developed a neonatal abstinence syndrome; this incidence was lower after maternal participation in the methadone detoxification program: 55 vs. 88%, p less than 0.05. Postnatal respiratory insufficiency occurred more frequently after methadone exposure than after heroin exposure before birth (p less than 0.05).
Maas
U
U
Children's Clinic, University Hospital Rudolf Virchow, Free University of Berlin, West Germany.
Kattner
E
E
Weingart-Jesse
B
B
Schäfer
A
A
Obladen
M
M
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D008691:Methadone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009294:Narcotics; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000139:chemically induced; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology
D009294:Narcotics; D008691:Methadone