title: An increased incidence of late acute rejection episodes in cadaver renal allograft recipients given azathioprine, cyclosporine, and prednisone.
abstract: We studied the incidence of biopsy-proven, acute rejection episodes occurring after 1 year posttransplant in cadaver renal allograft recipients. The 328 patients evaluated were given three immunosuppressive drug protocols. Group I (transplanted 9/80-6/84) (n = 75) received azathioprine, prednisone (P), and antilymphoblast globulin; group II (transplanted 9/80-6/84) (n = 83) received cyclosporine and P; group III (transplanted 7/84-12/86) (n = 170) received ALG, AZA, CsA, and P (sequential therapy). The incidence of first acute rejection episodes occurring up to 1 year posttransplant was 55% in group I and 35% in groups II and III. The incidence of late (greater than 1 year) acute rejection episodes was 6.5% in group I, 2.5% in group II, and 9.5% in group III (group II vs. III, P = 0.02). In group III, 50% of the late rejections were first, 44% second, and 6% third. The primary etiologies of this increased incidence of late acute rejection may have included subtherapeutic CsA levels and lower P doses. Sequential immunosuppressive therapy has been shown to be advantageous in the first posttransplant year. However, unless adequate immunosuppression is maintained, this approach can be associated with a significantly increased incidence of late acute rejection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wrenshall
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Matas
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Canafax
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sibley
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Najarian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002102:Cadaver; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003524:Cyclosporins; D001379:Azathioprine; D011241:Prednisone