title: HLA-DQ alpha allele and genotype frequencies in various human populations, determined by using enzymatic amplification and oligonucleotide probes.
abstract: Allele and genotype frequencies at the HLA-DQ alpha locus have been determined by the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and nonradioactive oligonucleotide probes. The probes define six alleles and 21 genotypes in a dot-blot format. A total of over 1,400 individuals from 11 populations has been typed by two different laboratories using this method. In contrast to some variable-number-of-tandem-repeat markers that have been used for identity determination, DQ alpha genotype frequencies do not deviate significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all populations studied. The distribution of alleles varies significantly between most of these populations. In Caucasians, the allele frequencies range from 4.3% to 28.5%. In this population, the power of discrimination is .94, and, for paternity determination, the power of exclusion is .642. These population data will allow the use of the HLA-DQ alpha marker in paternity determination, the analysis of individual identity in forensic samples, and anthropological studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, CA 94608.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Helmuth
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fildes
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blake
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Luce
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chimera
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madej
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gorodezky
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stoneking
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schmill
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Klitz
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes