title: Reports of clinical hepatitis A from Public Health and hospital microbiology laboratories to the PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre during the period 1980-1988.
abstract: Clinical hepatitis, diagnosed as being caused by virus type A by tests for specific immunoglobulin M, has been reported from laboratories in England, Wales and Ireland since 1980. There were 25541 reports in the following 9 years, a yearly average of 2838. A 7-year cycle is suggested by peaks in the numbers of reports of 4502 in 1982 and 4167 in 1988 with a continuing rise in 1989. Contact with other cases of acute hepatitis was recorded for 3899 patients (15%) of which 2497 (64%) were in families, 258 (7%) were in schools, 94 (2%) were in institutions/hospitals, 197 (5%) were in the neighbourhood, while 140 (4%) were contacts at work or socially. A possible food source was recorded for 122 (3%) with shellfish being specified in 56 cases. Recent travel abroad was reported for 3692 patients (15%) of whom 3027 (82%) had visited areas of high prevalence for hepatitis A. About half of them had been to the Indian sub-continent, in strong contrast to visits abroad by the general population each year of which only 7% of the 22 million visits are to areas of high prevalence for hepatitis A. Association with the Indian sub-continent was particularly high for children.
authors.affiliation: Hepatitis Epidemiology Unit, Central Public Health Laboratory, London, U.K.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polakoff
mesh_terms: D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D007565:Jaundice / Q000209:etiology; D007755:Laboratories, Hospital; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D014195:Travel; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology