title: A comparison of lignocaine 2% with adrenaline 1:200,000 and lignocaine 2% with adrenaline 1:200,000 plus fentanyl as agents for caudal anaesthesia in children undergoing circumcision.
abstract: This randomised double-blind study compares the onset, quality and duration of analgesia in two groups of children (n = 30), aged between two and twelve years undergoing circumcision. Under concurrent general anaesthesia, the children received caudal anaesthesia employing either lignocaine 2% with adrenaline 1:200,000 plus normal saline 0.01 ml/kg, or lignocaine 2% with adrenaline 1:200,000 plus fentanyl 1.0 microgram/kg. The results show no statistical or clinical difference in the onset, duration, quality of pain relief, or side-effects between the two solutions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Duchess of Kent Hospital for Children, Sandy Bay.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Gunawardene
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Yeung
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000763:Anesthesia, Caudal; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002944:Circumcision, Male; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005283:Fentanyl; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine; D005283:Fentanyl; D004837:Epinephrine