title: Sodium-23 and proton nuclear magnetic resonance imaging studies of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in the rat.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging techniques were used to investigate the response of the liver of the rat in situ to a toxicological challenge by carbon tetrachloride. Proton images were taken as transverse slices through the rat before and after intraperitoneal administration of the hepatotoxin. Two to three hours after carbon tetrachloride was given, a region of high proton signal intensity was observed where the portal vein enters the liver. Sodium-23 images were also taken, and a region of high sodium intensity was observed in the same location within the liver as the increased proton intensity. The results suggest that acute administration of carbon tetrachloride induces localized liver damage in the region where the hepatotoxin first enters the liver. This liver damage is manifest as edema with a buildup of sodium ion and water, which can be readily detected by sodium-23 and proton NMR imaging techniques, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Guelph-Waterloo Center for Graduate Work in Chemistry, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brauer
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Towner
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Foxall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012964:Sodium; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012964:Sodium