Cognitive correlates of adolescents' aspirations to leadership: a developmental study.
The study examined age and gender differences in leadership aspirations among teenage adolescents. It was hypothesized that adolescents' valence, self-efficacy and attribution perceptions about leadership would be predictive of their aspirations to leadership. Altogether 52 fourth form and 78 seventh form high school students completed a questionnaire measuring (a) overall leadership aspirations, (b) 13 valence-instrumentality expectancies for 13 leadership outcomes, (c) self-efficacy perceptions, and (d) attributions of effective leadership. The results revealed significant gender differences in valence scores and significant age differences in self-efficacy and attribution measures. Regression analyses indicated that fourth formers' leadership aspirations were significantly predicted from their "ease-of-success" self-efficacy expectation; whereas seventh formers from either valence perceptions (males) or self-efficacy and attribution scores (females). These results were discussed in the context of the valence and self-efficacy models of career decision-making processes and attribution theory.
Singer
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Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002321:Career Choice; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006803:Human Development; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009520:New Zealand; D010551:Personality; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D012649:Self Concept; D012718:Set, Psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires