title: [Injuries of the heart and para-cardiac large vessels].
abstract: Myocardial contusion is the most common manifestation of cardiac trauma; the true heart rupture or posttraumatic aneurysms are rare. Pericardial rupture can lead to cardiac strangulation; haemorrhagic pericardial effusion following trauma requires surgical drainage. Constrictive pericarditis occurs rarely after pericardial injury. Valve injury causes always the incompetence: traumatic aortic and mitral incompetence occur with both blunt and penetrating injury. In penetrating heart trauma a surgical revision is almost always necessary, to perform hemostasis and to decompress pericardial tamponade. Traumatic rupture of the descending thoracic aorta is amenable to immediate surgical treatment; end-to-end-anastomosis with simple aortic cross-clamping is the method of choice. Pump oxygenator is rarely necessary in treatment of cardiac trauma; emergency surgery--pericardial decompression, hemostasis and bilateral chest drainage--is performed in primary trauma center.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Herzgefässchirurgie, Universitätsspital Zürich.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000293:injuries*; D001019:Aortic Rupture / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006335:Heart Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010496:Pericardium / Q000293:injuries*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality; D013557:Switzerland; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000601:surgery*; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000601:surgery*
vernacular_title: Verletzungen des Herzens und der herznahen grossen Gefässe.