title: Effectiveness of certain drugs in acute malathion intoxication in rats.
abstract: The protective effects of atropine, diacetylmonoxime (DAM), and diazepam separately and in combination were investigated in rats exposed to malathion. Malathion (500 mg/kg, ip) inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity in RBC and brain and produced hyperglycemia and hyperlactacidemia with depletion of glycogen in liver, triceps, and brain of animals 2 hr after its administration. Atropine (20 mg/kg, ip) given immediately after malathion abolished hyperglycemia and glycogenolytic effect but exhibited no effect on the recovery of inhibited AchE activity. DAM (100 mg/kg ip) given immediately after malathion significantly reactivated the inhibited AchE activity both in RBC and brain. It also partially modified hyperglycemia and glycogenolytic effect. Diazepam (50 mg/kg, ip) slightly modified AchE and abolished hyperglycemia, hyperlactacidemia, and glycogenolytic effects. A combination of these drugs protected the animals from the acute toxic effects of malathion.
authors.affiliation: Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ansari
mesh_terms: D000140:Acidosis, Lactic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D002074:Butanones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000506:poisoning; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003931:Diacetyl / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003975:Diazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D008112:Liver Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008294:Malathion / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000506:poisoning*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D002074:Butanones; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D008112:Liver Glycogen; C004717:diacetylmonoxime; D001285:Atropine; D006003:Glycogen; D003931:Diacetyl; D003975:Diazepam; D008294:Malathion