title: A prospective study of hyperparathyroidism in individuals exposed to radiation in childhood.
abstract: To determine the effects of childhood irradiation on the parathyroid glands, a cohort of 4297 patients who received radiation to the tonsils before the age of 16 years has been followed-up prospectively. Among the 2923 patients who were located and provided information, 32 patients developed clinical hyperparathyroidism. The incidence of clinical hyperparathyroidism was 18.7 per 100,000 person-years below the age of 40 years and 171 per 100,000 person-years in the age range of 40 to 60 years. This represents a 2.9-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 4.3) and 2.5-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 3.9) increase in the incidence of hyperparathyroidism compared with that among the general population. In addition, 31% of the patients who developed hyperparathyroidism also developed thyroid cancer, which is higher than the 11.2% prevalence of thyroid cancer in the patients who received radiation therapy who did not develop parathyroid tumors. Patients with a history of head and neck irradiation should have their parathyroid glands evaluated on a regular basis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago 60616.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Gierlowski
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000209:etiology*; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology