title: Blood-brain barrier injury following intracarotid injection of radiographic contrast media. In vivo quantification using magnetic resonance imaging and Gd-DTPA.
abstract: Changes in signal intensity of the brain at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging before and after Gd-DTPA were used for in vivo quantification of injury to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Immediately following intracarotid injection of 2 ml/kg of radiographic contrast medium (CM) 0.4 mmol/kg of Gd-DTPA was injected intravenously. MR imaging was performed with a 400/25 partial saturation pulse sequence. The maximum percentage changes (mean +/- SD) in signal intensity of the brain after CM and Gd-DTPA were 1.6 +/- 1.6% with saline, 3.2 +/- 2.0% with iotrolan, 4.3 +/- 1.7% with iohexol, 6.6 +/- 3.6% with ioxaglate and 8.2 +/- 3.6% with diatrizoate. Not only the osmolality but also the ionicity and chemotoxicity seemed to influence Gd-DTPA leakage. A subtle BBB injury had a stronger tendency to occur in the basal ganglia than in the cerebral cortex. MR enhancement is proposed as a sensitive method for in vivo quantification of the BBB injury caused by intracarotid CM injection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kyoto City Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitsumori
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001479:Basal Ganglia; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000633:toxicity*; D003973:Diatrizoate / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D007472:Iohexol / Q000633:toxicity; D007485:Ioxaglic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D003973:Diatrizoate; C033300:iotrolan; D007472:Iohexol; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D007485:Ioxaglic Acid