title: A community-wide program in breast self-examination training and maintenance.
abstract: This study reports on the effects of innovative community-wide breast self-examination education approaches in increasing breast self-examination frequency and quality, and ability to detect breast lumps during a 1-year training program and a second-year maintenance program. Four Vermont communities were randomly assigned to receive breast self-examination training plus maintenance, training alone, control (with full measurement), and low-measurement control. Random digit dialing telephone surveys were conducted at baseline and at 1- and 2-year follow-up with a panel of 637 women representing all adult women in the first three communities. The low-measurement control community received only baseline and second-year follow-up surveys with a panel of 238 women. Home interviews to determine breast self-examination palpation skills and lump detection on silicone breast models were conducted in first- and second-year follow-up surveys. Results of the first-year follow-up survey indicated significant increases in breast self-examination frequency, quality, and number of lumps detected for women in communities receiving the training program compared with controls; in the second year, women in the community also receiving breast self-examination maintenance showed greater improvement in reported breast self-examination quality and detected more breast lumps than did women in other communities.
authors.affiliation: Office of Health Promotion Research, University of Vermont, Burlington 04505.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Worden
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Costanza
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dorwaldt
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Weaver
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008875:Middle Aged; D010173:Palpation; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011897:Random Allocation