title: Effects of temperature and incubation period on production of fumonisin B1 by Fusarium moniliforme.
abstract: The kinetics of the production of fumonisin B1 (FB1) by Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826 in corn cultures was investigated as a function of fungal growth at various incubation temperatures. The growth rate of F. moniliforme, as measured by ergosterol concentration, was higher at 25 degrees C than at 20 degrees C, reaching a stationary phase after 4 to 6 weeks in both cases. FB1 production commenced after 2 weeks during the active growth phase, continued to increase during the stationary phase, and decreased after 13 weeks. The overall maximal yield of FB1 (17.9 g/kg, dry weight) was obtained in corn cultures incubated at 20 degrees C for 13 weeks, but it was not significantly (P greater than 0.05) higher than the maximum yield (16.5 g/kg, dry weight) obtained at 25 degrees C after 11 weeks. However, a significantly (P less than 0.05) higher mean yield was detected at 25 degrees C (9.5 g/kg, dry weight) than at 20 degrees C (8.7 g/kg, dry weight). Production reached a plateau after 7 weeks of incubation at 25 degrees C or 9 weeks of incubation at 20 degrees C. The maximal production of FB1 at 30 degrees C was very low (0.6 g/kg, dry weight). FB1 was also found to be heat stable, as there was no reduction in the FB1 concentration after boiling culture material of F. moniliforme MRC 826.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Nutritional Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Alberts
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Gelderblom
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Thiel
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Marasas
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Van Schalkwyk
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Behrend
mesh_terms: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D037341:Fumonisins; D005670:Fusarium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013696:Temperature; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; C056933:fumonisin B1