title: Randomised prospective study on renal effects of two different contrast media in humans: protective role of a calcium channel blocker.
abstract: Contrast media affect renal hemodynamics. Hyperosmolality is regarded as the major factor responsible for renal hemodynamic changes. In this study, the role of osmolality was evaluated in 30 hospitalized patients without risk factors during intravenous pyelography. Contrast media with low and high osmolality were used. In addition, nifedipine was administered before infusion of high-osmolality contrast to evaluate the role of calcium ions in radiocontrast-induced changes of renal hemodynamics. Hyperosmolar contrast reduced renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate. Calcium channel blocker prevented changes of renal hemodynamics. Hyperosmolality appears the most likely factor affecting renal hemodynamics during hyperosmolar radiocontrast infusion. Calcium channel blocker may prevent renal changes due to hyperosmolar medium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Second Faculty of Medicine, University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Della Volpe
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sansone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000633:toxicity*; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D003287:Contrast Media