title: [Myelography for nerve root avulsion in birth palsy].
abstract: Myelography and CT myelography (CTM) were reviewed in 18 cases of birth palsy with clinically suspected avulsion injury. Root-somatosensory evoked potential (root-SEP) was also reviewed for myelographic evaluation of the nerve root avulsion in birth palsy. Root-SEP is not induced in case of avulsed nerve roots, but is induced in case of both normal and incompletely avulsed roots. Myelography demonstrated 58 abnormal nerve roots in 18 cases (19 limbs); 45 (78%) complete and 13 (22%) incomplete nerve root avulsions. Each of complete and incomplete avulsions was defined as total absence and partial presence of rootlets on myelography, respectively. Traumatic meningoceles were detected at 46 roots (79%) on myelography and/or CTM; 35 roots on myelography and 45 roots on CTM. CTM could not detect only a very small meningocele at one root. At 11 roots CTM was superior to myelography in delineating a meningocele because CTM is sensitive to a poorly enhanced meningocele. CTM, however, could not diagnose nerve root avulsions so accurately as myelography, since myelography detected 12 (7 completely and 5 incompletely) avulsed roots without meningocele, whereas CTM could not delineate the nerve roots clearly. Thus, myelography is indispensable to evaluate nerve root avulsions without meningocele. Root-SEP was examined in 9 patients who underwent brachial plexus exploration. SEP was negative at 22/25 roots with complete avulsion and was positive at 7/7 roots with myelographically incomplete avulsion, regardless of presence or absence of any traumatic meningocele.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitomo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirabuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imakita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kozuka
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009192:Myelography; D010246:Paralysis, Obstetric / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed