title: Development of bowel and bladder control in the mentally retarded.
abstract: For the mentally retarded, bowel and bladder control are important prerequisites for an independent life. A study of these functions was made in a cohort of children born in Northern Finland in 1966. Relevant data up to the age of 20 years were obtained for 105 of the 132 children with mental retardation (IQ less than 70) who were alive at that age. 80 per cent had attained bowel control at a mean age of 4.2 years, but 30.5 per cent were still encopretic at seven years, and 19 per cent at the age of 20 years. Full bladder control had been achieved by 62.9 per cent at the age of seven and by 82.9 per cent at the age of 20. It is concluded that systematic, appropriate toilet training could improve these figures markedly.
authors.affiliation: University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: von Wendt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Similä
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niskanen
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Järvelin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology