title: Effects of citicholine and of the combination citicholine + piracetam on the memory (experiments on mice).
abstract: The memory effects of citicholine (CCh) and piracetam (Pc) were tested in experiments on mice using the training method with passive avoidance and negative reinforcement (step-through). In single doses of 25, 50, 100 and 500 mg/kg, CCh applied one hour prior to training enhanced to the same degree and statistically significantly the retention of the memory traces in tests both 24 h and 7 days after the training session; Pc in a dose of 500 mg/kg improved the retention in memory tests 24 h after training, but had no significant effect during the tests 7 days after the training. Combined application of CCh and Pc in doses which are ineffective with respect to the memory process (CCh--10 mg/kg and Pc--200 mg/kg) caused a significant enhancement of the retention during the tests both 24 h and 7 days after the training. Scopolamine (2 mg/kg i.p.), applied 30 min prior to the training, manifested a marked amnestic effect during the tests 24 h after the training, but this effect was totally prevented if either CCh in a dose of 50 mg/kg or Pc in a dose of 500 mg/kg were applied before scopolamine. Citicholine in a dose of 100 mg/kg, as well as the combination of 50 mg/kg CCh and 500 mg/kg PC, not only completely prevented the scopolamine-induced amnesia, but they also significantly increased the retention of the memory traces in the scopolamine-treated mice compared with the retention observed in the control animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mosharrof
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Petkov
mesh_terms: D000647:Amnesia / Q000139:chemically induced; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010889:Piracetam / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012601:Scopolamine
chemical_list: D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; D012601:Scopolamine; D002794:Choline; D010889:Piracetam