The role of IL 1 in the antigen-specific activation of murine class II-restricted T lymphocyte clones.
The role of IL 1 in the antigen-specific activation of class II-restricted T lymphocytes was examined by using a model system consisting of cloned WEHI 5 B lymphoma accessory cells and class II-restricted, soluble antigen- or alloantigen-reactive T cell clones. The addition of exogenous recombinant IL 1 to the T cell cultures resulted in a significant enhancement of the antigen-specific T cell proliferation response, but at best, only small increases in IL 2 release. Goat IgG anti-IL 1 antibodies were added to the T cell cultures to assess their effect on T cell activation. The IL 1 enhancement of the T cell proliferation response was inhibited by the anti-IL 1 antibodies in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, only modest levels (10 to 25%) of proliferation inhibition were observed in T cell cultures containing either WEHI 5 or splenocyte accessory cells but no exogenous IL 1. When the anti-IL 1 antibodies were added to primary mixed lymphocyte cultures stimulated by WEHI 5 cells in the absence of exogenous IL 1, no significant inhibition of proliferation was observed. A small but statistically significant proliferation inhibition was observed when anti-IL 1 antibodies were added to mixed lymphocyte reaction cultures stimulated by splenocytes. Two-color cytofluorometric analysis of the effects of IL 1 on antigen-activated T cell clones demonstrated that under suboptimal stimulation conditions, IL 1 stimulated a small but significant increase in the number of T cells bearing IL 2 receptors. In the presence of optimal numbers of WEHI 5 accessory cells, IL 1 enhanced T cell proliferation in the absence of a detectable increase in the number of T cells bearing IL 2 receptors, the number of IL 2 receptors per T cell, or the levels of IL 2 released. Finally, exogenous IL 1 can be added as late as 18 to 24 hr after culture initiation without significantly reducing its ability to enhance the T cell proliferation response. These data indicate that IL 1 has pleiotropic effects on murine T lymphocytes and can function to enhance T cell activation at multiple points during the activation sequence.
D J
DJ
McKean
A
A
Nilson
B N
BN
Beck
J
J
Giri
S B
SB
Mizel
B S
BS
Handwerger
D000818:Animals; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*
D000939:Epitopes; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007106:Immune Sera; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2