Stimulation of oligodendroglial proliferation and maturation by interleukin-2.
There exists considerable evidence that the growth of glial cells can be influenced by T-cell-derived lymphokines and monokines. Astrocytes proliferate in the presence of mitogen- or antigen-stimulated T-cell supernatants, supernatants from human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-transformed T cells, and purified human interleukin-1 (IL-1; ref. 4). Oligodendrocytes proliferate and differentiate when incubated with supernatants from mitogen-activated or HTLV-transformed T cells. In addition, we have recently purified a T-cell-derived lymphokine of relative molecular mass 30,000, termed glial growth promoting factor (GGPF), which specifically stimulates the proliferation of oligodendrocytes. The traditional role of interleukins 1 and 2 is in the initiation, propagation and regulation of the immune response. IL-1, released by a variety of cells including monocytes, stimulates T cells to produce IL-2; IL-2 in turn induces the expansion of T cells that is critical for immune responsiveness. Recently, IL-2 has been shown to induce B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion, indicating that its action is not restricted to T cells. We now report that recombinant human IL-2 influences the growth of glial cells--specifically, the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocytes. IL-2 may have a role in the inflammatory neural lesions of multiple sclerosis patients and in the growth of brain glia during injury or disease.
Benveniste
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EN
Merrill
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JE
D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
D007376:Interleukin-2; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D011994:Recombinant Proteins