Interleukin 1 alpha and an interleukin 1 beta fragment are somnogenic.
The somnogenic activity of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) has previously been established. Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) is a distinct gene product that possesses similar biological activities. We report here that IL-1 alpha, like IL-1 beta, has the capacity in rabbits to enhance non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, electroencephalographic slow-wave (0.5-3.5 Hz) voltages, and body temperatures and to inhibit rapid-eye-movement sleep. After IL-1 alpha, sleep remained episodic, and at the doses used no abnormal behavior was observed. Several synthetic IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta peptides were also tested in vivo for somnogenic and pyrogenic activity and in vitro for their ability to stimulate prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by fibroblasts and proliferation of T-cells. Only IL-1 beta-(208-240) enhanced non-rapid-eye-movement sleep and body temperature, although both IL-1 beta-(208-240) and IL-1 alpha-(223-250) stimulated PGE2 production; both of these peptides failed to stimulate T-cell production. In contrast, four other IL-1 peptides were nonpyrogenic and somnogenically inactive yet stimulated T-cell proliferation. We conclude that the components of IL-1 required for sleep and temperature activities are different from those required for T-cell proliferation.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
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F
Obal
M
M
Opp
A B
AB
Cady
L
L
Johannsen
A E
AE
Postlethwaite
H M
HM
Poppleton
J M
JM
Seyer
J M
JM
Krueger
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000187:drug effects
D007375:Interleukin-1; D010446:Peptide Fragments