Glucose tolerance and insulin and C-peptide responses after various insulin secretory stimuli in hyper- and hypothyroid subjects before and after treatment.
Immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and C-peptide secretory responses to terbutaline, glucagon, glucose and a standardized meal during continuous blood glucose monitoring were investigated in hyper- and hypothyroid patients before and after treatment. The beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist terbutaline (125 micrograms IV) induced prompt IRI and C-peptide responses in hyperthyroid patients. On the contrary, in the hypothyroid, no insulin or C-peptide responses were seen despite a slight enhancement of blood glucose concentrations. Thyroxine treatment of these patients improved the IRI and C-peptide responses and no blood glucose increment was then seen. Glucagon (250 micrograms IV) induced prominent IRI and C-peptide responses of similar magnitude in hyper- and hypothyroid patients before as well as after treatment. Before treatment, the blood glucose increment was greater in the hypothyroid patients than in the hyperthyroid but after treatment no difference between the 2 groups was seen. After a small load of glucose (6 g IV) no apparent difference in glucose tolerance was seen between hyper- and hypothyroid patients. However, the hyperthyroid patients had greater IRI and C-peptide responses to glucose than the hypothyroid but the differences diminished after treatment. Before treatment, hypothyroid patients had lower blood glucose response to a meal intake than hyperthyroid patients but no differences were seen between the 2 patient groups with regard to IRI- and C-peptide responses. After treatment, no differences between the 2 groups were seen with regard to blood glucose, IRI or C-peptide responses to the meal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ahrén
B
B
Lundquist
I
I
Hedner
P
P
Valdemarsson
S
S
Scherstén
B
B
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D013726:Terbutaline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D013956:Antithyroid Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D005934:Glucagon; D005947:Glucose; D013726:Terbutaline; D013974:Thyroxine