The influence of cooling rate and warming rate on the response of renal cortical slices frozen to -40 degrees C in the presence of 2.1 M cryoprotectant (ethylene glycol, glycerol, or dimethyl sulfoxide).
Renal cortical slices were treated with 2.1 M cryoprotectant in RPS-2 vehicle solution, cooled at one of four rates to -40 degrees C, then immediately warmed at one of four rates to 25 degrees C for determination of the [K+]/[Na+] after a standard incubation period. Results are presented in the form of survival "topographical maps" or surfaces with the x axis representing [K+]/[Na+]; the y axis, cooling rate; and the z axis, warming rate. The rate of temperature change fell in the range of 0.5 to 10 degrees C/min. The results suggest that when RPS-2 vehicle solution is used for 2.1 M cryoprotectants, Me2SO offers the prospect for greatest post-thaw recovery. With this vehicle-cryoprotective agent combination, the greatest post-thaw recovery is attained with cooling-warming combinations of -3, +4, and -0.5, +10 degrees C/min.
Hawkins
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HE
Clark
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Karow
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AM
D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology; D005615:Freezing; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits
D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D007473:Ion Channels; D005990:Glycerol; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide