Multiple markers of malignancy in sera of patients with colorectal carcinoma: preliminary clinical studies.
Eleven potential biochemical markers were measured in serum from 33 patients with malignant and 13 with benign colorectal disease: four isoenzymes (creatine kinase-BB, homoarginine-sensitive alkaline phosphatase, salivary-type amylase, and macro-creatine kinase type 2), five specific proteins (ferritin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, C-reactive protein, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and ceruloplasmin), one oncofetal antigen (carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA), and one hormone (beta human choriogonadotropin). The sensitivity of individual markers for the detection of early-stage malignancy (n = 11) ranged from 0% to 64% (CEA 18%); for late-stage colon malignancy (n = 12) from 8% to 83% (CEA 83%). Specificity in patients (n = 10) with benign intestinal disease ranged from 80% to 100% (CEA 100%). The five most-sensitive markers--C-reactive protein, alpha 1-glycoprotein, CEA, macrocreatine kinase type 2, and homoarginine-sensitive alkaline phosphatase--were selected for use as a "colon panel." In retrospective comparison, use of the colon panel instead of CEA alone increased sensitivity by 17% and 64% for late-and early-stage cancer, respectively; specificity, however, decreased by 30%, but should improve with serial testing.
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D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000032:analysis; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007517:Isoamylase / Q000097:blood; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009961:Orosomucoid / Q000032:analysis; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000032:analysis
D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009961:Orosomucoid; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D005293:Ferritins; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D007517:Isoamylase