Mannan and oligomers of N-acetylglucosamine protect intestinal mucosa of celiac patients with active disease from in vitro toxicity of gliadin peptides.
Wheat flour and other cereals toxic for celiac patients contain an alcohol-soluble protein fraction that, under experimental conditions simulating in vivo protein digestion, yields peptides that agglutinate undifferentiated K 562(S) cells. In contrast, cereals well tolerated in celiac disease (i.e., rice and maize) do not. Furthermore, purified A-gliadin peptides that damage in vitro-cultured flat celiac mucosa are powerful agglutinins for K 562(S) cells, whereas A-gliadin peptides that do not show any adverse in vitro effect on celiac intestine lack agglutinating activity. Mannan, acetylglucosamine, and its oligomers (N,N'-diacetylchitobiose and N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose) were able to prevent and reverse cell agglutination induced by peptides from all the toxic cereals. Moreover, mannan and N,N',N"-triacetylchitotriose exhibited a protective effect on intestinal mucosa specimens of patients with active celiac disease cultured with wheat protein-derived peptides. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the agglutinating and toxic peptides are bound by carbohydrates.
Department of Pediatrics, II Faculty of Medicine, University of Naples, Italy.
S
S
Auricchio
G
G
De Ritis
M
M
De Vincenzi
G
G
Magazzù
L
L
Maiuri
E
E
Mancini
M
M
Minetti
O
O
Sapora
V
V
Silano
D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000371:Agglutination / Q000187:drug effects; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D004187:Disaccharides; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000633:toxicity*; D005903:Gliadin / Q000633:toxicity*; D005936:Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D008351:Mannans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000633:toxicity*; D014312:Trisaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*
D004187:Disaccharides; D005936:Glucans; D008351:Mannans; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014312:Trisaccharides; C010913:N,N-diacetylchitobiose; C019117:N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose; D005903:Gliadin; D005944:Glucosamine; D000117:Acetylglucosamine