Hallucinations in patients with major depression. Interactions between CSF monoaminergic and endorphinergic indices.
CSF levels of radioreceptorassayed endorphins Fraction I (EndFI, n = 92) and homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) (n = 118) were measured in patients with major depressive disorders according to Research Diagnostic Criteria (18% were psychotic; 11% hallucinated during the peak of the depressive episode). CSF measures (both "raw" variables and ranks) were uni- and multivariately correlated with both dichotomized and scored measures of hallucinations of any type. Hallucinations were statistically strongly associated with higher HVA levels, irrespective of prior medication with neuroleptics, and with the interactive product HVA X EndFI and the interactive ratio HVA/5-HIAA. Results suggest interactions between dopaminergic, serotonergic and endorphinergic neurotransmission being involved in the biochemical substrate of depressive hallucinatory episodes.
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D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000523:psychology; D004723:Endorphins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D012737:Sex Factors; D013008:Somatotypes
D004723:Endorphins; D010648:Phenylacetates; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D006719:Homovanillic Acid