The acute deafness of definite multiple sclerosis: BAEP patterns.
Of 705 patients with or suspected of multiple sclerosis who underwent evoked potential recording during a 5 year period, 12 patients with definite multiple sclerosis experienced an acute hearing loss during a relapse of the demyelinating disease. Hearing loss was unilateral in all of the 12 cases but one; tinnitus was associated with hearing loss in 9 of the 12 patients. Deafness is an unfrequent symptom in the course of multiple sclerosis, being estimated to be no more than 3% in large series of multiple sclerosis. Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials were recorded in all 12 patients, during the relapse with acute hearing loss in 4 of them, after the relapse with hearing loss in the 8 others. During the relapse with hearing loss, BAEP abnormalities were present ipsilateral to the hearing loss in all 4 patients, wave I being absent in 2 of them. BAEPs were drastically improved when recorded after the relapse with hearing loss in 2 of the 3 patients in whom repeated records were made. BAEPs were abnormal on the side of the previous hearing loss in 5 out of the 8 patients recorded after the relapse with hearing loss. Clinical and BAEP data suggest that, in accordance with the anatomical organization of the auditory pathways, the lesion causing unilateral hearing loss in multiple sclerosis could be situated in the cochlear nerve or close to its entry zone in the brain-stem. However, dissociation between unilateral hearing loss and a normal peak I and I-III interval may occur.
C
C
Fischer
F
F
Mauguière
V
V
Ibanez
C
C
Confavreux
G
G
Chazot
D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003638:Deafness / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory; D005260:Female; D003639:Hearing Loss, Sudden / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000503:physiopathology