The efficacy of early pregnancy monitoring with serial chorionic gonadotropin determinations and real-time sonography in an infertility population.
Ninety-one pregnancies were monitored prospectively with serial human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) determinations and real-time sonography. The monitoring process included an initial hCG doubling time (DT) followed by sonographic examination for fetal heart motion at 7 to 8 weeks in the asymptomatic patient. In women with an abnormal DT or who developed symptoms, repeat hCG determinations and/or sonography were performed. A single DT correctly identified 95% of the successful pregnancies (58) and 64% of the abnormal pregnancies (25 abortions and 8 ectopic gestations) in asymptomatic women. With repeat hCG determinations and/or sonography, 88% of the spontaneous abortions (before aborting) and 100% of the ectopic pregnancies (before tubal rupture) were identified. As a result of the early diagnosis, conservative surgery was performed in six of eight women with tubal pregnancies. The presence of fetal heart motion was a reliable indicator that an intrauterine pregnancy will progress to viability in both the symptomatic (89%) and asymptomatic patient (93%). We conclude that the combined use of serial hCG determinations and real-time sonography provides efficacious monitoring of the early high-risk pregnancy.
D E
DE
Pittaway
A C
AC
Wentz
W S
WS
Maxson
C
C
Herbert
J
J
Daniell
A C
AC
Fleischer
D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood*; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D005260:Female; D005323:Fetal Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000628:therapy*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic; D014463:Ultrasonography
D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D010446:Peptide Fragments