title: Evidence for an HLA-DR4-associated immune-response gene for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A clue to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?
abstract: Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M leprae, M scrofulaceum, and M vaccae were injected intradermally in 86 caucasoid leprosy patients, and skin responses (measured in mm of induration at 72 h) were analysed in relation to HLA class II phenotypes. HLA-DR4 was associated with high responsiveness to antigens specific to M tuberculosis but not to antigens shared with other mycobacteria (p = 0.0005). Because DR4 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and because a role for M tuberculosis antigens has been suggested both in experimentally induced autoimmune arthritis in rats and in RA, the DR4 associated regulation of the immune response to M tuberculosis may be relevant to the pathogenesis of RA.
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000939:Epitopes; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007918:Leprosy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000235:genetics; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics*; D012882:Skin Tests
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II