Nifedipine does not blunt the aldosterone and cardiovascular response to angiotensin II and potassium infusion in hypertensive patients.
The antihypertensive response of calcium antagonists of the dihydropyridine series, although accompanied by a significant increase in plasma renin activity (PRA), is generally not associated with a comparably significant rise in plasma aldosterone (PA). This has been suggested to be due to the adrenal glomerular cell responsiveness being dependent on calcium entry. To investigate this hypothesis, angiotensin II (AII; 0.15, 0.375, and 0.750 micrograms/min, each step for 20 min) and KCl (30 mmol/50 min) were infused on separate days in 11 hypertensive patients kept at a constant daily intake of 100 mmol sodium and 40 mmol potassium, before and after 1 week of nifedipine treatment (20 mg b.i.d.). Supine blood pressure (BP) was significantly (p less than 0.01-p less than 0.001) reduced after nifedipine treatment; supine PRA increased significantly (p less than 0.01), while PA did not change significantly. No change in plasma potassium level was seen during nifedipine treatment. The dose-dependent mean BP rises induced by AII were slightly blunted during nifedipine treatment, whereas the PRA decreases and the PA rises after the peak infusion were not significantly different before and during nifedipine administration. Potassium infusion had no significant effect on BP, and caused a significant and similar rise in PA before and during nifedipine administration, while PRA decrease was more pronounced after nifedipine treatment. As previously shown in normotensive subjects, and also in hypertensive patients, aldosterone responses to two major stimulants, such as AII and potassium, do not appear to be blunted by treatment with a calcium antagonist.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood
D000804:Angiotensin II; D000450:Aldosterone; D012083:Renin; D009543:Nifedipine; D011188:Potassium