title: Superinfection of a chimpanzee with a second strain of human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: Two chimpanzees, one (C-499) infected with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated retrovirus type 2 (ARV-2) strain of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and one (C-560) infected with the lymphadenopathy-associated virus type 1 (LAV-1) strain of HIV, were inoculated with approximately 10(4) tissue culture infective doses of the reciprocal strain. At the time of the second inoculation, both chimpanzees had high titers of HIV-specific antibodies, including antibodies that neutralized both virus strains. After inoculation of the second strain of HIV, the antibody titers in both chimpanzees increased 4- to 10-fold, and in one chimpanzee (C-499), the numbers of infectious peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) increased 1,000-fold to levels that are comparable with those observed after primary HIV infections. By restriction enzyme analysis of virus recovered from PBMC, both ARV-2 and LAV-1 were identified in C-499, thus demonstrating that superinfection had occurred.
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003429:Cross Reactions; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D006678:HIV / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear; D002679:Pan troglodytes
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M