Cochlear or nerve stimulation.
To stimulate through electrical stimulation the auditory nerve excitation patterns produced by a normal ear, it is necessary to control both the spatial and the timing aspects of the neural firing pattern. While the spatial localization, the "place" aspect of stimulation can probably be achieved adequately with either scala tympani or direct eighth nerve electrodes, only the eighth nerve electrodes have the potential to reproduce the detailed timing patterns of the normal nerve. While such complete control of the stimulation pattern is probably necessary to produce "natural" auditory percepts, it may well not be necessary for the conveying of the information in speech because of the plasticity and pattern recognition capabilities of the brain. Present encouraging results as open speech comprehension with scala tympani electrode arrays suggest that, in many cases at least, the cruder stimulation pattern control will suffice.
D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000502:physiology*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D006801:Humans; D012533:Scala Tympani / Q000502:physiology; D013063:Speech Discrimination Tests; D000159:Vestibulocochlear Nerve / Q000502:physiology