title: Esophageal malignancy: imaging results and complications of combined endoscopic-radiologic palliation.
abstract: Fifty-one patients with advanced cancer of the esophagus underwent 191 endoscopic palliative procedures, including bouginage, laser therapy, bipolar electrocoagulation, and stent placement. In three patients free perforations developed; these were treated immediately and no sequelae developed. Perforations confined within the tumor mass were diagnosed with CT in two patients and did not require treatment. Methods of endoscopic palliation are discussed with reference to the radiologic studies and techniques. The radiologist must evaluate tumor topography and esophageal wall thickness with computed tomography and esophagography to aid in the choice of palliative therapy. Knowledge of each technique and its risks by the radiologist is essential for useful consultation with the endoscopist before, during, and after the procedure.
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D004106:Dilatation / Q000009:adverse effects; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D004939:Esophageal Perforation / Q000209:etiology*; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D011859:Radiography