title: Synergistic neutralization of rubella virus by monoclonal antibodies to viral haemagglutinin.
abstract: Using murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to rubella virus haemagglutinin, five epitopes were identified in competitive ELISA binding assays: A, B, D and E by haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) MAbs with no neutralizing (Nt) activity, and C by a MAb with neither activity. However, when HI and Nt activities were determined in the presence of anti-mouse immunoglobulins, epitopes A, B and D were defined by both HI and Nt MAbs, whereas epitopes C and E were identified by HI MAbs without Nt activity. A synergistic Nt activity, in the absence of anti-mouse immunoglobulins, was displayed by mixtures of antibodies of different epitope groups. Analysis of mixtures of MAb pairs each belonging to a different epitope class, showed that synergistic Nt activity was elicited primarily by the group A epitope, secondarily by groups B and D and only minimally by groups C and E.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C / Q000276:immunology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D012412:Rubella virus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; C040901:rubella antibodies