title: [The capacity of anaerobically grown bacteria to exchange the 2H+ of the cell for the K+ of the medium and to maintain a high K+ distribution between cell and medium].
abstract: The N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide sensitive exchange of 2H+ of a cell for K+ of medium stable to pH, K+ activity and temperature changes has been discovered in anaerobically grown gram-negative Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium. S. enteritidis, Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, anaerobic gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus salivarius, L. lactis in the presence of exogenic energy source. This exchange in gram-negative bacteria is operating only at increase of medium osmolarity. The high K+ distribution between cell and medium has been reached during the exchange of 2H+ for one K+ and the corresponding potassium equilibrium potential is much more than the measured delta psi. In aerobically grown E. coli, S. typhimurium, Brevibacterium flavum and aerobic Micrococcus luteus exchange of 2H+ for K+ does not take place, the K+ distribution is lower and in good conformity with the measured delta psi. It is assumed that exchange of 2H+ for K+ in anaerobic bacteria is carried out by the H+-ATPase complex and the Trk (or Trk-like) system of K+ absorption united into the same membrane supercomplex which functions as the H+-K+-pump and supports the high K+ distribution between cell and medium.
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D004024:Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007473:Ion Channels; D004024:Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; D006859:Hydrogen; D011188:Potassium
vernacular_title: Issledovanie sposobnosti anaérobno vyrashchennykh bakteriĭ obmenivat' 2H+ kletki na K+ sredy i podderzhivat' vysokoe raspredelenie K+ mezhdu kletkoĭ i sredoĭ.