title: Transmembrane ionic transport systems and hypertension.
abstract: Various systems contribute to the regulation of intracellular calcium. The most important are: (1) the voltage-dependent calcium channel; (2) sodium/calcium exchange, resulting in a correlation between intracellular sodium and calcium; (3) plasma membrane calcium ATPase; and (4) the inositol triphosphate-regulated channel, releasing calcium from the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum stores. The essential properties of these different systems, their pharmacologic features, and their regulation by various agonists (beta- and alpha-adrenergic angiotensin-type peptides, etc.) must be considered both for an understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertension and for its treatment.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D012964:Sodium; D002118:Calcium