Characterization and functional studies of rheumatoid synovial mast cells. Activation by secretagogues, anti-IgE, and a histamine-releasing lymphokine.
Microscopic analysis of synovial specimens from 35 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 7 patients with osteoarthritis revealed mast cell hyperplasia in perivascular regions, in fibrous interstitial areas, and clustered around the periphery of lymphoid aggregates. Metachromatic staining, immunofluorescence studies, and ultrastructural analysis revealed a single population of connective tissue-type mast cells with surface IgE receptors. Total extractable histamine of synovial tissue was 4.15 +/- 2.30 micrograms/gm (n = 8) for RA synovium and 0.53 +/- 0.23 microgram/gm (n = 7) for OA synovium. Mast cell secretion was assessed and specific release of histamine from RA synovial mast cells was observed following stimulation with anti-IgE (32.3%), compound 48/80 (40.1%), calcium ionophore A23187 (25.2%), and a partially purified lymphokine with histamine-releasing activity (23.9%).
D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000276:immunology*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006632:Histamine / Q000032:analysis; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000276:immunology; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000032:analysis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine / Q000494:pharmacology
D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D008222:Lymphokines; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D000001:Calcimycin; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; D006632:Histamine