Neurotrophic effects of beta endorphin C-terminal tetrapeptide (MPF)
The ability of newts and other urolele amphibians to regenerate an accidentally-removed or amputated limb is lost after hypophysectomy, but restored following intraperitoneal injection of beta endorphin, or the C-terminal tetrapeptide sequence of human beta endorphin, Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu (= MPF). The closely related tetrapeptide, Lys-Lys-Gly-Gln (the C-terminal sequence of pig, sheep, and camel beta endorphin), the dipeptide Gly-Glu, the enkephalins, and other N-terminal sequences of beta endorphin (eg gamma endorphin) do not elicit the effect.
D000818:Animals; D004723:Endorphins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005552:Forelimb; D007016:Hypophysectomy; D009074:Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D012455:Salamandridae; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D001615:beta-Endorphin; D018823:gamma-Endorphin
D004723:Endorphins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D001615:beta-Endorphin; D018823:gamma-Endorphin; C050079:lysyl-lysyl-glycyl-glutamic acid; D009074:Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones