title: Serum levels of pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1) and human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) in women using an intrauterine device.
abstract: Forty-two women using intrauterine contraceptive devices volunteered in a study in which blood samples were drawn in late luteal phase 1-3 times during 73 menstrual cycles. In all 129 blood samples were collected. Pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1) and human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hC) were measured by radioimmunoassays. SP1 was measurable in 5/129 samples and beta-hCG in 2/123 samples. Both SP1 and beta-hCG were measurable in 2 samples. All women in the study had regular menstrual periods. It is concluded that an early implantation and subsequent abortion in connection with a "normal" menstruation could occur but in a frequency that is much lower than in women using no contraception.
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood*; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D011268:Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D011268:Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins