title: Chronic stress increases serotonin and noradrenaline in rat brain and sensitizes their responses to a further acute stress.
abstract: The effects of 1 h/day restraint in plastic tubes for 24 days on the levels of serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), tryptophan (TP), and noradrenaline (NA) in six regions of rat brain 20 h after the last restraint period were investigated. The levels of 5-HT, 5-HIAA, and NA but not TP increased in several regions. The effects of 1 h of immobilization on both control and chronically restrained rats were also studied. Immobilization per se did not alter brain 5-HT, 5-HIAA, and TP levels, but decreased NA in the pons plus medulla oblongata and hypothalamus. However, immobilization after chronic restraint decreased 5-HT, increased 5-HIAA, and decreased NA in most brain regions in comparison with values for the chronically restrained rats. We suggest that chronic restraint leads to compensatory increases of brain 5-HT and NA synthesis and sensitizes both monoaminergic systems to an additional acute stress. These changes may affect coping with stress demands.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000378:metabolism; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011149:Pons / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000378:metabolism*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012701:Serotonin; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D014364:Tryptophan; D009638:Norepinephrine