title: Influence of isoprinosine on bovine herpesvirus type-1 infection in cattle.
abstract: A study was conducted to determine the in vivo efficacy of isoprinosine (ISO) in calves infected with bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1). Calves were infected with BHV-1 on day 0 and received ISO daily for 14 days. Clinical signs of disease, shedding of BHV-1, lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens, interleukin-2 production, and alveolar macrophage bactericidal activity were monitored during the study. Rectal temperatures were increased (P less than 0.05) in BHV-1 and ISO-BHV-1 calves at days 3 to 7 postinfection (PI). Isoprinosine did not influence BHV-1 shedding in calves. Lymphocyte proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were lower (P less than 0.01) in BHV-1 calves when compared to control or ISO calves at day 4 PI, but ISO did not ameliorate this effect. Interleukin-2 activity was greater (P less than 0.05) in ISO-BHV-1 calves on days 4 and 8 PI in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes and on day 8 PI in concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes when compared to control, ISO or BHV-1 calves. Isoprinosine treatment of BHV-1-infected calves tended to decrease alveolar macrophage bactericidal activity. These data suggest that ISO does not reverse BHV-1 suppression of lymphocyte proliferation, but may enhance IL-2 production in BHV-1 infected calves.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D007288:Inosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D007542:Inosine Pranobex / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D007288:Inosine; D007542:Inosine Pranobex