title: Effect of starvation and refeeding on autophagy and heterophagy in rat liver.
abstract: Increase in the density of liver lysosomes after leupeptin administration was marked in starved rats but only slight in starved-refed rats. The levels of several intracellular enzymes in the liver lysosome fraction purified from leupeptin-treated rats were about 10 to 30 times more in starved rats than in refed rats. However, there was no difference between the intralysosomal levels of endocytosed FITC-labeled asialofetuin in starved and refed rats, indicating that refeeding after starvation markedly suppressed autophagy but not heterophagy in vivo. Immunohistochemical studies with cathepsin B and asialofetuin Fab'-peroxidase conjugates showed that refeeding after starvation markedly altered the cellular distribution of cathepsin B in the liver, resulting in a linear arrangement of the enzyme only on the periphery of hepatocytes. In contrast, endocytosed asialofetuin was found only in the periphery of hepatocytes of both starved and starved-refed rats. These results indicate that autophagy and heterophagy are regulated by different mechanisms in vivo.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001212:Asialoglycoproteins; D001343:Autophagy; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000378:metabolism; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D060748:Fetuins; D005502:Food; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010873:Pinocytosis; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013217:Starvation; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001212:Asialoglycoproteins; D060748:Fetuins; D007976:Leupeptins; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; C017029:asialofetuin; D002403:Cathepsins