title: The pentagastrin test as an indicator of a cure in surgically treated patients with advanced carcinoid disease.
abstract: A unique case of midgut carcinoid with advanced disease, engaging lymph nodes and liver but still accessible to curative surgery, is reported. Besides elevated urinary levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, the diagnosis was based on a positive provocation test with pentagastrin, i.e., basally elevated levels of serotonin in peripheral whole blood increased twofold 3 min postinjection related to the appearance of carcinoid symptoms. After removal of primary and secondary lesions in a two-step procedure carcinoid symptoms disappeared completely. Biochemically, urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and serotonin levels in peripheral blood before and during provocation with pentagastrin were both normalized after surgery and have remained so during 27 months of follow-up. Computed tomographies of the abdomen at regular intervals do not indicate recurrent disease. Histologically, the carcinoid lesions displayed a mixed growth pattern and signs of local aggressiveness. Immunocytochemically, the majority of the tumour cells (positive against neuron specific enolase) showed a positive reaction with serotonin antisera. Substance P-like immunoreactivity was also found in a large proportion of these cells.
mesh_terms: D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000652:urine; D007078:Ileal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010418:Pentagastrin; D012074:Remission Induction; D012086:Reoperation; D012701:Serotonin / Q000097:blood; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014364:Tryptophan
chemical_list: D012701:Serotonin; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D014364:Tryptophan; D010418:Pentagastrin