title: The correlation of growth fractions with histologic grading and lymph node status in human mammary carcinoma.
abstract: The monoclonal antibody Ki-67 reacts with a human nuclear associated with cell proliferation that is expressed only in the G1, S, G2, and M phases of continuously cycling cells. This offers a simple opportunity to determine the growth fraction of tumors by immunostaining of fresh tissue. One hundred fifty-four invasive carcinomas of the breast were used in this study. The average number of Ki-67 positive cells was 15.3 +/- 10.1% (range, 1%-48%), whereas in 41 benign lesions of the breast only 4.4 +/- 2.6% (range, 1%-10%) of cells were positive. A correlation was found between growth fractions and histologic grading. On average, N+ tumors with less than four positive lymph nodes had a significantly higher growth fraction (20.4 +/- 14.2%) than N0 tumors (13.0 +/- 9.2%), whereas N+ tumors with more than three lymph node metastases had only 17.3 +/- 3.6% Ki-67 positive cells. This method yielded similar results to those obtained by other researchers through the use of flow cytometry and thymidine labeling. Determination of growth fractions by Ki-67 is suitable for routine use and may be useful in prognosis and in the selection of patients for various treatment modalities.
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009698:Nucleoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D009698:Nucleoproteins