title: The release of choline from phospholipids mediated by beta-adrenoceptor activation in isolated hearts.
abstract: The resting efflux of choline into the perfusate (Tyrode's solution) of isolated hearts was equal to the rate, at which choline was liberated from phospholipid degradation (Lindmar et al. 1986). Infusion of isoprenaline (2 X 10(-7) mol/l), forskolin (1-3 X 10(-6) mol/l) or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; 3 X 10(-4) mol/l) for 40 min markedly enhanced the efflux of choline. The increase was linear during the experimental period and, in the case of isoprenaline, was blocked by 3 X 10(-7) mol/l atenolol. In the guinea-pig heart, IBMX at a threshold concentration of 10(-4) mol/l shifted the concentration-response curve for the effect of forskolin on the efflux of choline to the left by one log unit. Forskolin (10(-6) mol/l) increased also the tissue content of cyclic AMP. This effect and the increase of choline efflux evoked by forskolin were blocked by 2 X 10(-7) mol/l carbachol. Likewise, inhibition of cholinesterase activity caused by diisopropylfluorophosphate antagonized the forskolin-evoked acceleration of choline efflux indicating a response to endogenous acetylcholine. The muscarinic inhibition of the enhanced choline efflux was reversed by 3 X 10(-7) mol/l atropine. The phospholipase A2 inhibitor mepacrine as well as infusion of a low Ca2+-Tyrode's solution (0.2 instead of 1.8 mmol/l) blocked the effect of forskolin on choline efflux, whereas the generation of cyclic AMP by forskolin was unaffected by low Ca2+-solution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002645:Chickens; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism*; D005576:Colforsin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D011796:Quinacrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D010743:Phospholipids; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D005576:Colforsin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011796:Quinacrine; D002794:Choline; D002118:Calcium; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine