title: Kinetics of mitochondrial calcium transport. II. A kinetic description of the sodium-dependent calcium efflux mechanism of liver mitochondria and inhibition by ruthenium red and by tetraphenylphosphonium.
abstract: Sodium-dependent calcium efflux from rat liver mitochondria has been studied as a function of mitochondrial calcium loads (2 to 40 nmol/mg) and extramitochondrial sodium concentrations (5 to 40 mM). The resulting data can be fit to a terreactant model which exhibits simultaneous kinetics (i.e. both sodium and calcium must be bound simultaneously for transport to occur). The Hill coefficients for the calcium and sodium dependences were 1.0 +/- 0.1 and 2.0 +/- 0.2, respectively. The cooperativity of the sodium dependence allows the terreactant model to be reduced to a bireactant model in which the sodium concentration only appears mathematically as the square of the sodium concentration. The data then fit the relationship (Formula: see text) The experimentally determined value of Vmax is found to be 2.6 +/- 0.5 nmol/mg/min, and the load of calcium (KCa) and concentration of sodium (KNa) necessary to stimulate the efflux to half its maximal calcium-dependent activity and sodium-dependent activity, respectively, were 8.1 +/- 1.4 nmol of Ca2+/mg and 9.4 +/- 0.6 mM Na+. This sodium-dependent calcium efflux from liver mitochondria was inhibited by magnesium, by ruthenium red, and by tetraphenylphosphonium. Fifty percent inhibition was obtained at 1.0-1.5 mM magnesium, at 12 nmol of ruthenium red/mg of protein, and at 0.2 microM tetraphenylphosphonium.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009861:Onium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012430:Ruthenium Red / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009861:Onium Compounds; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D012430:Ruthenium Red; D012428:Ruthenium; D012964:Sodium; D002118:Calcium; C013289:tetraphenylphosphonium