title: Excitation-contraction coupling in myocardium of nonhibernating and hibernating chipmunks: effects of isoprenaline, a high calcium medium, and ryanodine.
abstract: The electromechanical responses to isoprenaline and a high calcium medium on cardiac muscles from nonhibernating and hibernating chipmunks were studied in the presence and the absence of ryanodine. In nonhibernating animal preparations, isoprenaline (5 X 10(-8) M) caused a marked positive inotropic effect with an increase in the amplitude of the action potential plateau and augmented the slow action potential in muscle depolarized with 26 mM K+. In hibernating animal preparations, isoprenaline failed to cause a positive inotropic effect in spite of an increase in the amplitude of action potential plateau and slow action potentials. Similar inotropic effects were caused in the two preparations when extracellular calcium was raised to 6 mM, but action potential plateau and slow action potentials of the two preparations were less affected by this procedure; only in nonhibernating animal preparations was the amplitude of the slow action potential slightly increased. Ryanodine (2 X 10(-6) M) partially inhibited the contraction but augmented the action potential plateau and slow action potentials in nonhibernating animal preparations, while in hibernating animal preparations, it eliminated the contraction and severely inhibited the action potential plateau and slow action potentials. The electrical effects of isoprenaline on the two preparations and of a high calcium medium on nonhibernating animal preparations were more pronounced in the presence of ryanodine than in the absence of it. However, the electrical activity on hibernating animal preparations was unaffected by a high calcium medium in either the presence or absence of ryanodine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006605:Hibernation; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012589:Sciuridae / Q000502:physiology*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D007473:Ion Channels; D012433:Ryanodine; D007545:Isoproterenol; D002118:Calcium