title: The causes of the syndromes of Landry (1859) and of Guillain, Barré and Strohl (1916).
abstract: Post-infectious and post-vaccinal peripheral neuritis or encephalomyelitis have frequently been considered the human equivalents of experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) or encephalomyelitis (EAE). The major basis for these comparisons between diseases in humans and experimental animals rests on the classical observations of "paralytic accidents" of Pasteur-type vaccination against rabies. These old observations in humans injected with brain tissue indicate a remarkable heterogeneity of periphéral as well as central nervous system syndromes, quite in contrast with the remarkable specificity for either peripheral or central involvement in most experimental animals. The syndromes of Landry (1859) and of Guillain, Barré and Strohl (1916) differ clinically and pathologically, the latter a purely peripheral neuritis and the former a mixture of transverse myelitis and facial neuritis. Each can be caused by many different factors, including 1) direct infection by wild or attenuated rabies virus, 2) direct auto-sensitization by myelin antigens in the vaccine and 3) indirect or cross-reactive sensitization by viral or bacterial antigenic determinants (epitopes) with sufficient chemical homology with aminoacid sequences in central or peripheral myelin antigens to be recognized as immunological homologies.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000209:etiology; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D009188:Myelitis, Transverse / Q000209:etiology; D009417:Nerve Tissue / Q000276:immunology; D009444:Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000209:etiology; D011129:Polyradiculoneuropathy / Q000209:etiology*; D011819:Rabies Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects; D013577:Syndrome; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D011819:Rabies Vaccines