title: Calmodulin antagonists inhibit dihydropyridine calcium channel activator (BAY-K-8644) induced cGMP synthesis in pituitary tumor cells.
abstract: The dihydropyridine calcium channel activator, BAY-K-8644, stimulates cGMP formation in ACTH-secreting mouse AtT-20 clonal corticotrophs. The recent report that calmodulin antagonists could inhibit dihydropyridine binding in several tissues suggested that these agents might also affect the cyclic nucleotide response to BAY-K-8644. In fact, TMB-8, trifluoperazine, and melittin, described as in vitro antagonists of calmodulin-dependent enzyme activities, all inhibited BAY-K-8644 induced cGMP synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner. The antagonists had no effect on cGMP formation stimulated by sodium nitroprusside or sodium azide. The calcium channel antagonist, nifedipine, did not stimulate cGMP formation nor did it alter the effect of BAY-K-8644 on accumulation of the nucleotide; one explanation thus is that the cyclase involved in cGMP formation is coupled to a low affinity binding site for BAY-K-8644, which is less accessible to other dihydropyridines. The relation of cyclic GMP formation to the function of the calcium channel in AtT-20 cells remains unknown.
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D008555:Melitten / Q000494:pharmacology; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D014268:Trifluoperazine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002147:Calmodulin; D007473:Ion Channels; D008555:Melitten; D014268:Trifluoperazine; C006014:8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate; D005707:Gallic Acid; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D006152:Cyclic GMP