title: Ketoconazole versus nystatin as prophylaxis against fungal infection for lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy.
abstract: We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of ketoconazole versus nystatin antimycotic prophylaxis in a prospective randomized study of 32 patients receiving intensive weekly outpatient combination chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with crossover to the other drug if failure occurred. Thirteen patients were assigned to nystatin and 19 to ketoconazole. Fungal infections occurred in three patients receiving nystatin (16%) and one patient receiving ketoconazole (8%); one patient refused his assigned drug due to taste intolerance. Including the crossover courses of drug, the failure rate associated with ketoconazole was 6% while that for nystatin was 20% (p = 0.23). We favor ketoconazole as antifungal prophylaxis during antilymphoma chemotherapy because of at least equivalent and possibly superior efficacy, better acceptance by patients, easier administration, and systemic absorption.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009761:Nystatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D009761:Nystatin; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002955:Leucovorin; D007654:Ketoconazole; D011241:Prednisone; D008727:Methotrexate