title: Inhibition profiles of picumast and ketotifen on the in vitro release of prostanoids, slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis, histamine and enzyme from human leukocytes and rat alveolar macrophages.
abstract: The inhibitory potency of the antiallergic compounds picumast (PIC; Boehringer Mannheim) and ketotifen (K; Sandoz) on the release of 3 preformed and 3 newly generated inflammatory mediators was estimated as an indicator for their antiallergic activity. Peripheral human leukocytes (HL) or rat alveolar macrophages (RAM) were stimulated by opsonized zymosan (C3-Z) and/or anti-IgE antibody, following preincubation times with PIC and K. SRS-A was measured with the help of a guinea pig ileum bioassay, PGE2 and TxB2 by RIA (NEN), histamine (H) by an automated fluorimetric procedure, tryptic proteinase (P) by a colorimetric test employing Tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA (Chromozym TH; Boehringer Mannheim) as chromogenic substrate and beta-glucuronidase (beta-G) by a colorimetric test (Sigma). PIC (IC30: 2 X 10(-5) mol/l) was 100 times more potent than K as inhibitor of the anti-IgE-induced release of H and P and also 5 times more potent as inhibitor of SRS-A-formation/release in/from HL. In contrast, on RAM, K (IC30: 7 X 10(-6) mol/l) had a 3 times greater potency as inhibitor of the C3-Z-induced SRS-A formation and suppressed PGE2 release (4 X 10(-5)-2 X 10(-4) mol/l), whereas PIC (2 X 10(-5) mol/l) potentiated PGE2 release remarkably. TxB2 release from RAM was inhibited nearly equipotently by PIC and K. beta-G release was strongly potentiated by K (greater than or equal to 8 X 10(-6) mol/l), but weakly inhibited by PIC (2 X 10(-5) mol/l). PIC (greater than or equal to 4 X 10(-5) mol/l) also increased the beta-G release and in the same manner the anti-IgE- or C3-Z-induced release of other 'preformed' mediators like H and P from HL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000276:immunology; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D003374:Coumarins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D007665:Ketotifen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D013189:SRS-A / Q000378:metabolism*; D015054:Zymosan / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D003176:Complement C3; D003374:Coumarins; D011453:Prostaglandins; D013189:SRS-A; C026408:anti-IgE antibodies; C013373:picumast; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D015054:Zymosan; D007665:Ketotifen