Immunohistochemical, enzyme histochemical, and immunologic features of giant lymph node hyperplasia of the hyaline-vascular type.
A combined histologic, immunohistologic, enzyme histochemical, and immunologic study has been carried out in a 7-year-old girl with recurring extramediastinal monocentric giant lymph node hyperplasia of hyaline-vascular type. A large panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to lymphoid and nonlymphoid cell markers were tested on frozen and paraffin-embedded lymph node tissue as well as on cell suspension and peripheral blood. Tissue enzyme histochemical study, including a conventional hematologic panel, was performed on frozen and plastic-embedded sections. The pattern was dominated by nodular aggregates of round BA-1+ Leu-14+ HLA-DR+ ATPase+ lymphocytes with polyclonal sIgD and sIgM positivity and lacking cIg and BA-2 staining. Leu-1+/Leu-4+, OKT6+, OKT10+, Leu-7+, and CALLA+ cells were few or absent in the nodules, whereas DRC-1+ BA-2+ HLA-DR+ 5'-Nuc+ cells formed a dendritic network in the outer portion of the nodules. No immunoreactivity for lymphoid and nonlymphoid cell markers, including cytokeratin and keratin, was detected in centrinodular histiocytic-like cells. Particularly, the Hassall's-like structures contained a target-like positivity for laminin, and consisted of flattened acid phosphatase (AP), alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), 5'-nucleotidase (5'-Nuc), and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) positive cells, whose enzyme profile overlapped with that of the histiocytic-like cells. The extranodular areas were mainly composed of Leu-1+/Leu-4+ lymphocytes with Leu-3a+/OKT4+ phenotype and, to a lesser extent, of OKT6+ OKT10+ lymphoid cells and scattered cells with markers of histiocytic lineage. The abundant vascular component was generally identified by laminin positivity and, in smaller proportion, it was positive for Factor VIII-related antigen. Most of the medium-sized vessels with high endothelium had marked AP, ANAE, and ATPase activities. The process observed resulted from vascularized nodular aggregates of nontransformed B-cells with the phenotype of primary follicle lymphocytes, associated to centrinodular histiocytic-like cells with a distinct enzyme profile.
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D001365:Axilla; D002648:Child; D004798:Enzymes / Q000032:analysis; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*; D007120:Immunochemistry; D007797:Laminin / Q000032:analysis; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008482:Mediastinum; D010641:Phenotype; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D004798:Enzymes; D007797:Laminin; D005169:Factor VIII