title: Antigen-induced formation of a lymphokine with a possible role as a mediator of the late component of dual allergic reaction.
abstract: In a penicillin-allergic patient who showed a strong dual skin reaction (immediate and late components) to an intradermal injection of the antigen, we investigated the possibility that the lymphokine, histamine-releasing factor (HRF), which has been shown to release histamine from human basophils and mast cells, might play a part in the elicitation of the late phase of the 'dual reaction'. In vitro stimulation of this patient's lymphocytes, but not those of a patient with a monophasic (immediate) reaction with the antigen, caused the production of a large amount of HRF, while a moderate lymphoproliferation occurred in both patients. The purified HRF released histamine from the patient's own leucocytes and also caused immediate wheal and flare reaction on intradermal injection.
mesh_terms: D000941:Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010406:Penicillins / Q000009:adverse effects; D000090324:Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D008222:Lymphokines; D010406:Penicillins; D000090324:Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1