A synthetic vaccine constructed by copolymerization of B and T cell determinants.
Synthetic vaccines are based on the identification of short peptide sequences responsible for inducing a protective immune response. These sequences could contain B and/or T cell determinants. In this study, we have examined the recognition by B and T mouse lymphocytes of several synthetic peptides corresponding to regions of a bacterial and two viral proteins. These include a streptococcal S-34 peptide, H(99-121) and two other synthetic hepatitis B virus surface peptides. A lymph node proliferation assay was employed to detect T cell determinants. Limiting dilution analysis was used to estimate the frequency of clonal precursor B cells specific for an antigenic determinant. This study indicates that the synthetic hepatitis B virus surface peptides are recognized by B cells but not by T cells, whereas the S-34 peptide possesses both B and T epitopes. The copolymerization of the B determinant H(99-121) with S-34 has conferred immunogenicity to the H(99-121) peptide. After copolymerization, the synthetic hybrid molecule retained the S-34 T epitope and acquired a new determinant recognized by T cells. These results demonstrate that synthetic vaccines could be constructed by appropriate selection and organization of B and T determinants.
D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes; D005260:Female; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
D000941:Antigens; D000939:Epitopes; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic