cDNA and amino acid sequences of the cell adhesion protein receptor recognizing vitronectin reveal a transmembrane domain and homologies with other adhesion protein receptors.
Cells adhere to vitronectin substrates through a cell surface receptor that recognizes an Arg-Gly-Asp sequence in vitronectin. The receptor is a glycoprotein composed of a 150-kDa alpha and a 115-kDa beta subunit. The alpha subunit consists of two disulfide-bonded chains of 125 kDa and 25 kDa. cDNA clones were isolated for the alpha subunit of the vitronectin receptor from a phage lambda gt11 expression library made with RNA from a human fibroblast cell line, IMR-90. The identity of the clones that had been selected from the library based on immunological criteria was verified by comparison of DNA and protein sequences. NH2-terminal sequences were obtained for each of the alpha-subunit chains. The sequence of the 25-kDa chain of the alpha subunit was found in a cDNA clone, and the amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA establishes the complete amino acid sequence of the 25-kDa chain. This chain contains a membrane-spanning domain as well as a putative intracytoplasmic region that is 32 amino acids long and consists mostly of polar amino acids. Comparison of the cDNA and protein sequences shows that the 25-kDa chain is generated by proteolytic cleavage of an alpha-subunit precursor, the partial sequence of which is contained in the cDNA clones. These clones contain 1910 base pairs of open reading frame and a 3' untranslated sequence. RNA blot hybridization detected one transcript of about 7 kilobases in RNA from fibroblastic and epithelial cells. Together, the cDNA clones cover 4442 bases of this RNA. The alpha-subunit sequence showed strong homology with the sequence of the alpha subunit of fibronectin receptor. Moreover, the NH2-terminal protein sequence of the 125-kDa chain was homologous with the NH2-terminal sequences of two other cell surface proteins, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) and macrophage antigen 1 (Mac-1), which have been implicated as receptors for adhesion proteins of leukocytes. These results establish several of the structural features in the vitronectin receptor and suggest the existence of a superfamily of receptors for cell adhesion proteins.
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017469:Receptors, Fibronectin; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin
D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017469:Receptors, Fibronectin; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin; D004247:DNA