title: Leu-Phe cleaving endopeptidase activity, gamma-endorphin, and beta-endorphin in the rat pituitary gland and brain. Effect of adrenalectomy and corticosterone substitution.
abstract: The influence of adrenalectomy and corticosterone substitution was investigated on Leu-Phe cleaving endopeptidase activity and on the levels of gamma-endorphin and beta-endorphin in the pituitary gland and the brain. The enzyme activity was quantitated by a specific radiometric assay based on the cleavage of the Leu17-Phe18 bond in a NH2- and COOH-terminally protected synthetic substrate which was analogous to beta-endorphin-(15-19). This activity may mimick the formation of gamma-endorphin. beta-Endorphin and gamma-endorphin were measured by specific radioimmunoassays. After 14 days of adrenalectomy enzyme activity had increased in anterior (15%) and neurointermediate lobes of the pituitary gland (30%), hypothalamus (25%), and liver (15%). This increase was prevented when the adrenalectomized animals were subjected to chronic corticosterone substitution by subcutaneous implantation of a pellet of 100 mg. Extirpation of only the adrenal medulla did not affect the Leu-Phe cleaving activity. Enzyme activity in the septum, hippocampus, and cerebellum had not changed after adrenalectomy. Determination of immunoreactive levels of gamma- and beta-endorphins showed that in the anterior pituitary gland gamma- and beta-endorphins had increased by 275 and 300%, respectively, 14 days after adrenalectomy. No significant changes were observed in endorphin levels of the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and septum. The results indicate that Leu-Phe cleaving endopeptidase activity in sensitive to glucocorticoids in tissues containing proopiomelanocortin-producing cells, i.e., anterior and neurointermediate pituitary gland and the hypothalamus. In the anterior pituitary gland it is correlated with the levels of gamma- and beta-endorphins.
mesh_terms: D000315:Adrenalectomy; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004343:Drug Implants; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004723:Endorphins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D001615:beta-Endorphin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018823:gamma-Endorphin
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D004723:Endorphins; D001615:beta-Endorphin; D018823:gamma-Endorphin; D010450:Endopeptidases; D003345:Corticosterone