title: Potassium currents evoked by brief depolarizations in bull-frog sympathetic ganglion cells.
abstract: 1. Sympathetic neurones of the bull-frog Rana catesbeiana were subjected to a two-electrode voltage-clamp technique in order to investigate the K+ currents which can be elicited by action potentials or similar brief depolarizations. 2. Four separate K+ currents were observed (IC, IK, IAHP and IM). These could be separated on the basis of voltage sensitivity, Ca2+ dependence and deactivation kinetics. 3. Two of these currents, which were clearly activated by an action potential, were Ca2+ dependent. A voltage- and TEA (tetraethylammonium)-sensitive K+ current, IC, was activated within the first 1-2 ms of a depolarizing command. This current decayed on average with a time constant of 2.4 ms at -40 mV. The maximal conductance was outside the range which could be adequately voltage clamped but, as much as 2 muS could be activated by brief (2-3 ms) commands. Activation of IC during an action potential accounts for the Ca2+ dependence of the repolarization. IC did not exhibit a transient component. 4. A second Ca2+-dependent K+ current, IAHP, was also activated after as little as 1 ms depolarization but was not voltage sensitive and was much less sensitive to TEA. The current decayed with a time constant of around 150 ms at -40 mV. The maximal conductance was about 30 nS. 5. The voltage-sensitive delayed rectifying current, IK, made a contribution to the total K+ conductance of the cell similar to IC in magnitude; however, the current is not activated within the normal voltage range or time course of an action potential. The current decayed on average with a time constant of 21 ms at -40 mV. 6. IM, a muscarine- and voltage-sensitive current, is not activated to any significant degree by a single action potential. The data further imply that the rate of opening of the ion channels mediating IM is less voltage sensitive than the rate of closing. 7. Large changes in the K+ reversal potential occur following depolarizing commands which evoke large K+ currents. This is attributed to K+ accumulation within a restricted extracellular space. Extracellular K+ may double or even triple during a single action potential.
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D005728:Ganglia, Sympathetic / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D009116:Muscarine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D011892:Rana catesbeiana; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D002104:Cadmium; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D009116:Muscarine; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium