Parasite exposure elicits a preferential T-cell response involved in protective immunity against Eimeria species in chickens primed by an internal-image anti-idiotypic antibody.
Polyclonal anti-idiotype 1073 (anti-Id 1073), raised against a monoclonal antibody specific for the protective epitope(s) of Eimeria tenella sporozoites, induced cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses in bursectomized chickens. Whereas alhydrogel-adsorbed anti-Id 1073 was sufficient to engender the CMI response at 4 h after injection, induction of the CMI response at 24 h required both alhydrogel and muramyl dipeptide sterol. Exposure of immunized chickens to live parasites prompted a dichotomous effect on the CMI response engendered by anti-Id in that the 4-h CMI response was preferentially stimulated and the 24-h CMI response was down regulated. Both types of CMI response were transferable to naive chickens by T cells from anti-Id 1073 immune donors or by parasite-specific T cells from clones 21 and 27. These T-cell clones were generated from chickens immunized by repeated infections with E. tenella and showed in vitro proliferative responses to anti-Id 1073. The abilities of T cells from clone 21 to selectively transfer the 4-h CMI response and to generate gamma interferon to activate macrophages for their cytotoxic effects on Eimeria sporozoites correlate with the preferential stimulation by parasites of the 4-h CMI response in chickens immunized with anti-Id 1073. These data show that anti-Id 1073 mimics the protective epitope(s) of the parasite and primes chickens for protective CMI responses. Cytotoxic T cells, equivalent to the mammalian T-cell subset of the Lyt2+ phenotype, appear to be the primary effector T cells in the CMI response engendered by anti-Id 1073 against Eimeria parasites.
Bhogal
B S
BS
Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065.
Jacobson
E B
EB
Tse
H Y
HY
Schmatz
D M
DM
Ravino
O J
OJ
D000818:Animals; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000502:physiology*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes / Q000276:immunology*; D007700:Kinetics; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology*
D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D000939:Epitopes; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes