Effects of diesel exhaust particles on chromosome aberration, sister chromatid exchange and morphological transformation in cultured mammalian cells.
The ability of diesel exhaust particles (diesel tar) from light-duty (LD) and heavy-duty (HD) engines to induce chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and morphological transformations is examined. Chinese hamster V79 cells were treated with LD and HD diesel tar for 3 h in order to analyze chromosome aberrations and SCEs. BALB/c 3T3 cells were used for the morphological transformation test. LD tar induced significant numbers of chromosome aberrations, whereas HD did not. Both LD and HD samples increased the number of SCEs in a dose-dependent fashion, with LD being more potent. In the transformation test, LD tar also induced a significant number of Type III foci, while HD was only weakly active. The transformed cells isolated from these Type III foci produced tumors when injected into nude mice. These results show that LD possesses clear clastogenic and transforming capabilities but that HD is weaker in this regard.
Hasegawa
M M
MM
Biological Research Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., Kanagawa.
Nishi
Y
Y
Tsuda
H
H
Inui
N
N
Morimoto
K
K
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009153:Mutagens; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
D009153:Mutagens; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine