title: Influence of dextran on the absorption of adrenaline-containing lignocaine solutions: a protective mechanism in local anaesthesia.
abstract: The effect of adding 6% dextran to a lignocaine solution containing adrenaline was studied in 27 neurosurgical patients during modified neuroleptanaesthesia. Before trepanation they received infiltration anaesthesia of the scalp at the site of the proposed operation. For a period of 1 h following injection plasma concentrations of adrenaline were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography and serum concentrations of lignocaine by gas chromatography. The addition of dextran caused a significant reduction in the absorption of both adrenaline and lignocaine from the injection site. It is concluded that the dextran adjuvant constitutes a protective mechanism against toxic systemic side effects in local anaesthesia using adrenaline-containing anaesthetic solutions. This effect is particularly significant in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease and when local anaesthetic solutions are used in combination with volatile anaesthetics.
authors: Abteilung für Anaesthesiologie und Operative Intesnivmedizin, Klinikum der Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors: H A
authors: HA
authors: Adams
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Biscoping
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Kafurke
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Müller
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Hoffmann
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Boerner
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Hempelmann
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003911:Dextrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009458:Neuroleptanalgesia; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D008012:Lidocaine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine