title: Histologic changes associated with the use of loose and portion-bag packed Swedish moist snuff: a comparative study.
abstract: This study was to identify histologic tissue changes in the oral mucosa and to compare them in specimens from users of loose can-packed and portion-bag-packed moist snuff. The material consisted of biopsies from 252 regular snuff users. 184 using exclusively loose and 68 portion-bag snuff. An array of structural changes appearing in different combinations were identified among the 252 specimens. Two major patterns were recognized based on changes in the surface layer. Type 1 was characterized by an increased epithelial thickness with vacuolated cells and frequent chevron type changes. Type 2 showed a variably thickened surface layer with evidence of keratinization. Based on these findings, 14 carefully matched pairs of loose and portion-bag users were analyzed and compared. Loose snuff users showed predominantly histologic Type 1 changes while portion-bag users showed more histologic Type 2 or only very discrete changes.
authors: Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Andersson
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Axéll
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Larsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001284:Atrophy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013548:Sweden; D014026:Nicotiana; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless
chemical_list: D007633:Keratins