title: Kinetics and mechanisms of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-induced neutrophilia.
abstract: Recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) injected intravenously in rats causes an initial peripheral neutropenia between 3 and 15 minutes and a subsequent neutrophilia beginning at 0.5 hours, peaking between 12 and 24 hours, and subsiding to normal between 30 and 36 hours. A striking hypersegmentation of neutrophil nuclei is observed between 30 and 48 hours. The bone marrow at 4 and 12 hours exhibits an increase in number, mitoses, size, and cytoplasmic granulation of myeloblasts and promyelocytes but a decrease in mature neutrophils, demonstrating that G-CSF acts not only as a mitogen and growth factor for early cells in the myeloid series but also as a releasing factor for mature marrow neutrophils. The bone marrow at 48 hours contains slightly increased numbers of myelocytes and metamyelocytes and large numbers of hypersegmented neutrophils. Dexamethasone and gamma-interferon inhibit the magnitude of G-CSF-induced neutrophilia, suggesting that endogenous glucocorticosteroids and gamma-interferon, both which are released along with G-CSF in vivo during endotoxemia, may play a negative feedback role in the endogenous regulation of granulopoiesis. G-CSF may act in concert with other monokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) to induce the changes in circulating numbers of leukocytes noted during endotoxemia.
authors: Department of Pathology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine 92717.
authors: T R
authors: TR
authors: Ulich
authors: J
authors: J
authors: del Castillo
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Souza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D003907:Dexamethasone; D007371:Interferon-gamma