title: Vitamin D-enhanced thyrotrophin release from rat pituitary cells: effects of Ca2+, dihydropyridines and ionomycin.
abstract: Vitamin D may regulate pituitary function, as there are selective effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) on gene expression in clonal pituitary tumour cells, and on TRH-induced TSH release in normal rat pituitary cells in vitro. The role of Ca2+ in 1,25-(OH)2D3-enhanced TSH release from primary rat pituitary cell cultures was investigated. Pretreatment with 10 nmol 1,25-(OH)2D3/l for 24 h augmented KCl (3-60 mmol/l)-induced TSH release over 1 h at all KCl concentrations greater than 7.5 mmol/l (P less than 0.001), with a 76% enhancement of TSH release induced by 30 mmol KCl/l (P less than 0.001). The Ca2+ channel antagonist nifedipine (10 nmol/l-10 mumol/l) caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of KCl (60 mmol/l)-induced TSH secretion. Pretreatment with 1,25-(OH)2D3 enhanced KCl-induced release at all concentrations of nifedipine (P less than 0.001). The Ca2+ selective divalent cation ionophore ionomycin (1 nmol/l-1 mumol/l), and the Ca2+ channel agonist BAY K 8644 (10 nmol/l-1 mumol/l) increased prolactin secretion but did not increase TSH release, and 1,25-(OH)2D3 had no effect. At an extracellular Ca2+ concentration of less than 500 nmol/l, TRH-induced TSH release was observed only after treatment with 1,25-(OH)2D3 (P less than 0.01). As the extracellular Ca2+ concentration was increased, greater increments of TRH-induced TSH release were observed following pretreatment with 1,25-(OH)2D3 (P less than 0.01). However, the effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in the thyrotroph was independent of the pretreatment extracellular Ca2+ concentration. We have shown that 1,25-(OH)2D3 acts selectively on the thyrotroph to enhance in-vitro responsiveness to TRH and KCl. These data suggest that the action of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in the thyrotroph is to enhance intracellular signal transduction. They further support a permissive or regulatory role of vitamin D in the normal pituitary gland.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: d'Emden
authors: J D
authors: JD
authors: Wark
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004987:Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015759:Ionomycin; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004987:Ethers; D015759:Ionomycin; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D011388:Prolactin; D013972:Thyrotropin; D002117:Calcitriol; D009543:Nifedipine; D002118:Calcium