Demonstration of cytokines in biological medicines produced in mammalian cell lines.
Commercially produced biological medicines may contain cytokines secreted by mammalian cell lines. Several such cell lines were found to produce interleukin 6 and, after stimulation, to secrete interleukin 1, tumour necrosis factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. High levels of interleukin 6 were detected in several vaccines and rDNA-derived proteins, and certain vaccines contained interleukin 1, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Some preparations of human monoclonal antibodies were also found to contain interleukin 1 and tumour necrosis factor. Cytokines may contribute to certain types of adverse reactions to these products.
Gearing
A J
AJ
Division of Immunobiology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire.
Cartwright
J E
JE
Bird
C R
CR
Wadhwa
M
M
Priest
R
R
Thorpe
R
R
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000032:analysis*; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000009:adverse effects; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000032:analysis; D016207:Cytokines; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D008722:Methods; D051379:Mice; D011819:Rabies Vaccines / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000032:analysis*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001685:Biological Factors; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011819:Rabies Vaccines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D004247:DNA