title: Somatostatin blocks a calcium current in rat sympathetic ganglion neurones.
abstract: 1. The effects of somatostatin and somatostatin analogues on a Ca2+ current from acutely isolated and short-term (24-48 h) cultured adult rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurones were studied using the whole-cell variant of the patch-clamp technique. 2. [D-Trp8]Somatostatin (SOM) produced a rapid, reversible and concentration-dependent reduction of the Ca2+ current. Ca2+ current amplitude was reduced over the voltage range -15 to +40 mV with the greatest reduction occurring where the amplitude was maximal (ca +10 mV). In the presence of SOM, the Ca2+ current rising phase was slower and biphasic at potentials between 0 and +40 mV. 3. Application of 0.1 microM-SOM for greater than 10 s resulted in a desensitization of the response. During a 4 min application of 0.1 microM-SOM, Ca2+ current amplitude returned to about 90% of control. A second application of 0.1 microM-SOM produced less block than the initial application. 4. Concentration-response curves for SOM, somatostatin-14 (SOM-14) and somatostatin-28 (SOM-28) were fitted to a single-site binding isotherm. The concentrations producing half-maximal block and the maximal attainable blocks of the Ca2+ current for SOM, SOM-14 and SOM-28 were 3.3, 5.4 and 35 nM, respectively and 55, 51 and 54%, respectively. SOM-14 and SOM-28 slowed the Ca2+ current rising phase in a manner similar to that of SOM. Somatostatin-28 had no effect on the Ca2+ current at 1 microM. 5. The magnitude of the Ca2+ current block produced by 0.1 microM-SOM was not significantly altered in the presence of 1 microM-idazoxan, atropine, naloxone or the somatostatin antagonist aminoheptanoyl-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-O-benzyl-Thr. 6. Internal dialysis with solutions containing 500 microM-guanylyl-imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) or guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate)(GTP-gamma-S) decreased the Ca2+ current amplitude by 36 and 41%, respectively, and induced a biphasic rising phase in the Ca2+ current. Under these conditions, application of 0.1 microM-SOM produced significantly less block of Ca2+ current amplitude (7.1 and 14.7%, respectively) when compared with controls. 7. Internal dialysis with solutions containing 500 microM-guanosine-5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate)(GDP-beta-S) had no significant effect on either the Ca2+ current amplitude or block produced by 0.1 microM-SOM. 8. Internal dialysis with solutions containing 500 microM-cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine had no significant effect on either the Ca2+ current block produced by 0.1 microM-SOM or the Ca2+ current amplitude.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors: Section of Electrophysiology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20852.
authors: S R
authors: SR
authors: Ikeda
authors: G G
authors: GG
authors: Schofield
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D005728:Ganglia, Sympathetic / Q000502:physiology*; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D013004:Somatostatin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D002118:Calcium; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine