A hamster model of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infection; passive protection by monoclonal antibodies to EHV-1 glycoproteins 13, 14 and 17/18.
Following intraperitoneal or intranasal inoculation of the Syrian hamster with equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1), strain Kentucky D, virus replicated in the liver and lungs reaching a peak at 4 days post-infection (p.i.). By day 6 p.i. virus titres in these organs had reduced and the spleen contained virus-specific cytotoxic cells. This cytotoxicity was mediated by T cells since treatment of effector cells with a monoclonal antibody to hamster T lymphocytes inhibited the effect. An antiviral humoral immune response was present by day 4 when antibodies capable of lysing EHV-1-infected target cells in the presence of complement were detected. The transfer of serum from recovered hamsters into naive recipients 24 h before challenge prevented virus infection, whereas serum transferred 24 h after challenge reduced the titre of virus recovered from target organs. Inoculation of hamsters with monoclonal antibodies directed to glycoproteins 13, 14 and 17/18 of a subtype 1 virus (Army 183) before virus challenge protected hamsters. This hamster model will prove useful for studying the immune response to EHV-1 and evaluating the immunogenicity of individual virus components.
Stokes
A
A
Department of Immunology, AFRC Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, U.K.
Allen
G P
GP
Pullen
L A
LA
Murray
P K
PK
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D006224:Cricetinae; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004861:Herpesvirus 1, Equid / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007116:Immunization, Passive / Q000379:methods*; D008647:Mesocricetus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D006023:Glycoproteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins