title: Endothelin-1 activates the phosphoinositide cascade in cultured glomerular mesangial cells.
abstract: The newly described peptide, endothelin-1 (ET-1), causes profound vasoconstriction, but the pathways of transmembrane signaling remain unclear. We demonstrate that in glomerular mesangial cells, smooth muscle-like vascular pericytes, ET-1 elevates intracellular Ca2+ ([ Ca2+]i) by activating the phosphoinositide cascade. ET-1 increased [Ca2+]i in two distinct kinetic patterns. Concentrations of 0.1-10.0 pM ET-1 caused a slow but sustained increase in [Ca2+]i that was insensitive to voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blockade but dependent on extracellular Ca2+. In contrast, ET-1 greater than or equal to 0.1 nM evoked a rapid, transient increase in [Ca2+]i followed by a lesser, sustained increase. Only the sustained increment of [Ca2+]i required extracellular Ca2+, but both phases were unaffected by Ca2+ channel blockade. The transient increase in [Ca2+]i resulted from activation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C to release inositol trisphosphate (IP3), which mobilizes Ca2+ from intracellular stores. ET-1 also stimulated amiloride-inhibitable Na+/H+ exchange, causing cytosolic alkalinization. Thus, the phosphoinositide cascade probably mediates some biological functions of ET-1, including possibly contraction via pharmacomechanical coupling.
authors: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Simonson
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Wann
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Mené
authors: G R
authors: GR
authors: Dubyak
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kester
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Dunn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016232:Endothelins; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D010455:Peptides; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D002118:Calcium