Cytocidal effect of tumor necrosis factor on cells chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): enhancement of HIV replication.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a monokine initially described as a tumoricidal agent, facilitated the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. The viability of human T-cell line MOLT-4/HIV, chronically infected with HIV, was affected by the addition of a low dose (10 ng/ml) of recombinant TNF-alpha (rTNF-alpha), while uninfected MOLT-4 cells were resistant to treatment with rTNF-alpha at concentrations up to 1,000 ng/ml. A marked increase in the level of HIV-specific RNA was detected in MOLT-4/HIV cells as early as 1 h after exposure to rTNF-alpha and reached almost maximum level within 6 h. Production of HIV particles from MOLT-4/HIV was also increased at 6 h after treatment with rTNF-alpha. Nearly identical phenomena were observed in CCRF-CEM/HIV, Jurkat/HIV, and H9/HIV cells, although the sensitivity of these cell lines to rTNF-alpha varied. A human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-infected cell line, MT-4, was insensitive to treatment with rTNF-alpha.
Matsuyama
T
T
Department of Virology and Parasitology, Yamaguchi University, Japan.
Hamamoto
Y
Y
Soma
G
G
Mizuno
D
D
Yamamoto
N
N
Kobayashi
N
N
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase