Performance and sensitivity of modern home pregnancy tests.
We have studied the performance of three currently available home pregnancy tests. The Advance is a test based on monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme immunoassay format that specifically detects hCG in urine. The positive results are determined by the presence of a blue color in a color stick (30 minutes). The Daisy 2 and FACT are tests based on monoclonal antibodies that specifically detect hCG in urine in a hemagglutination inhibition assay; positive results are demonstrated by the deposition of a dot ring at the bottom of the test tube (45 minutes). Thirty-five patients who eventually became pregnant in that cycle collected the first morning urine specimens from day of ovulation (determined by ultrasound) in artificial insemination donor (AID) cycles, or from the date of gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) for 16 consecutive days. In each specimen, the Advance, Daisy 2, and FACT tests were performed; in addition, beta-hCG levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. All the home pregnancy tests studied can detect pregnancy as early as 9 or 10 days post-conception, and they give positive results at the time of the expected onset of menses in 70%, 95%, and 88% of cases for Daisy 2, Advance, and FACT, respectively. The sensitivity of the these home pregnancy tests was determined to be about 200 mIU/mL of urine after correlating their positive or negative results with the concentrations of urinary beta-hCG determined by radioimmunoassay.
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RH
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, Orange.
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Bray
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Rojas
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D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000652:urine*; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D010061:Ovulation Detection; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000652:urine*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011259:Pregnancy Tests, Immunologic / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D010446:Peptide Fragments