title: Evaluation of three embolic agents in pig rete.
abstract: In ongoing research into potential embolic agents, three substances were evaluated for their effectiveness in occluding the pig rete. Selective injection of these agents produced varying degrees of occlusion, with the most effective a microfibrillar collagen hemostat in a 33% ethanol solution. Angiostat, a collagen particulate, did not produce rete occlusion, and all pigs injected with it developed adverse effects, including coma and apnea. Tisseel, a tissue sealant, produced partial rete occlusion, but was uniformly difficult to manage through long catheters, and its use was discontinued. Microfibrillar collagen hemostat with ethanol appears to have the greatest potential as an embolic agent in low-flow structures.
authors: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors: D H
authors: DH
authors: Lee
authors: C H
authors: CH
authors: Wriedt
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Kaufmann
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Pelz
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Fox
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Vinuela
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000628:therapy*; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005176:Factor XIII / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013552:Swine; D013917:Thrombin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; C048470:glutaraldehyde-cross-linked collagen; D005340:Fibrinogen; D003094:Collagen; D005176:Factor XIII; D007611:Aprotinin; D013917:Thrombin