title: Inhibition of the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus by water-soluble lignin in an extract of the culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia (LEM).
abstract: Inhibition of the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by the immunoactive fractions obtained from LEM, which is an extract of the culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia, is reported. A purified fraction, EPS4, obtained from LEM by ethanol precipitation followed by hydrophobic chromatography and gel filtration chromatography completely inhibited the HIV-1 induced cytopathic effect in vitro at concentrations of greater than or equal to 10 micrograms/ml. Chemical and spectral analysis revealed that EPS4 is composed of water-soluble lignins containing minor amounts of protein (3.2%) and sugars (12.2%). Taken together with the previously reported observation that EPS4 promotes the activation of macrophages and the proliferation of bone marrow cells, the fraction appears to possess both an immunostimulating activity and an anti-HIV effect in vitro.
authors: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Suzuki
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Okubo
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Yamazaki
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Suzuki
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Mitsuya
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Toda
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D002845:Chromatography; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000032:analysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011124:Polyporaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D011134:Polysaccharides; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D012995:Solubility; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D014574:Uronic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002241:Carbohydrates; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C061242:Lentinus edodes mycelia extract E-P-LEM; D011134:Polysaccharides; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D014574:Uronic Acids; D014867:Water; D002244:Carbon; D006859:Hydrogen; D008031:Lignin; D009584:Nitrogen