title: Augmentation of natural killer activity, induction of IFN and development tumor immunity during the successful treatment of established murine renal cancer using flavone acetic acid and IL-2.
abstract: The investigational drug flavone acetic acid (FAA) has been previously shown to systemically augment NK activity in vivo in normal mice within 24 h of i.p. or i.v. administration. The current study investigates the ability of FAA, and/or rIL-2, to augment NK activity and antitumor responses in mice bearing murine renal cancer (Renca). The results demonstrate that FAA potently augments NK activity in the blood, spleen, and liver of Renca-bearing mice and that the administration of rIL-2 in addition to FAA results in a further augmentation of NK activity over that observed with FAA alone. Renca-bearing mice treated with FAA (200 to 250 mg/kg) plus rIL-2 exhibited a significantly increased incidence of long term survivors (59%) over that observed following treatment with FAA (0%) or rIL-2 (5%) alone. Therapeutic synergy between FAA and rIL-2 was observed against primary tumors, minimal residual disease, and experimental-induced pulmonary metastases. Mice cured of Renca by FAA plus rIL-2 treatment were largely resistant to rechallenge with Renca suggesting a role for T lymphocytes. The augmentation of NK activity and the therapeutic effects of FAA coincided with the rapid induction of high titers of serum IFN of the alpha/beta type within 4 h of FAA administration. Subsequent studies demonstrated that the contribution of FAA could be partially replaced by the administration of several doses of human rIFN-alpha A/D Bg1 before the initiation of rIL-2 administration. The observed synergistic antitumor effects of FAA plus rIL-2 coincided with the augmentation of NK activity, induction of IFN-alpha/beta, and induction of long lasting tumor immunity. Overall, these results suggest that this approach may obviate the need for adoptive immunotherapy in association with rIL-2 administration for at least some tumor types.
authors: Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701.
authors: R L
authors: RL
authors: Hornung
authors: T C
authors: TC
authors: Back
authors: D S
authors: DS
authors: Zaharko
authors: W J
authors: WJ
authors: Urba
authors: D L
authors: DL
authors: Longo
authors: R H
authors: RH
authors: Wiltrout
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007372:Interferons / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C049328:flavone acetic acid; D007372:Interferons