title: Effects of growth hormone on the expression of c-myc and c-fos during early stages of sex-differentiated rat liver carcinogenesis in the resistant hepatocyte model.
abstract: The expression of the oncogenes c-myc and c-fos was studied in Wistar rats treated according to the resistant hepatocyte model. During early phases of promotion, i.e. the first 4 days after partial hepatectomy (PH) when the growth hormone (GH)-dependent sex difference in outgrowth of preneoplastic foci becomes manifest, c-myc and c-fos expression were compared in livers from males, females and GH-treated males. The expression of c-fos was almost doubled in males when compared to females 1 day after PH, a difference that gradually declined during the following days. In males receiving growth hormone in osmotic minipumps from 1 week after initiation the expression was at about the same level as that in females, c-myc expression was enhanced in males from the first day after PH and remained elevated, with a maximal 2.5-fold increase at day 2, while the expression in females and GH-treated males was practically unchanged. The increased c-myc expression in males and the effect of GH was still apparent 28 days after PH. Nuclear transcription assay showed a 2- to 3-fold higher transcription of the c-myc gene in untreated when compared with GH-treated males at the third day after PH. In conclusion, continuous GH infusion was shown to modulate the expression of c-myc and c-fos during the phase when sex-differentiated promotion is first observed. These findings might reflect a connection between the regulation of these genes and promotion of liver carcinogenesis. They might also be of possible importance for the understanding of the mechanism of hormone-related cancer.
authors: Department of Medical Nutrition, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
authors: I P
authors: IP
authors: Hällström
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Gustafsson
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Blanck
mesh_terms: D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene; D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D005796:Genes / Q000187:drug effects; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes / Q000187:drug effects*; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012737:Sex Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D012313:RNA; D013006:Growth Hormone; D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases