title: Immunohistochemical differentiation of clear-cell carcinoma of the female genital tract and endodermal sinus tumor with the use of alpha-fetoprotein and Leu-M1.
abstract: The morphologic differentiation between clear-cell carcinoma and endodermal sinus tumors is difficult at times. To improve the accuracy of the diagnosis, the authors studied nine ovarian and eight vaginal clear-cell carcinomas and seven endodermal sinus tumors of the ovary by immunohistochemical methods with the use of antibodies to alpha-fetoprotein and Leu-M1. Sixteen (94.1%) of the 17 clear-cell carcinomas and two (28.5%) of the seven endodermal sinus tumors reacted for Leu-M1, whereas six (85.7%) of the seven endodermal sinus tumors and three (17.6%) of the 17 clear-cell carcinomas stained for alpha-fetoprotein. Three clear-cell carcinomas and two endodermal sinus tumors showed immunoreactivity for both markers. No reactivity for either of these markers was present in one endodermal sinus tumor and one clear-cell carcinoma. All 13 tumors that stained only for Leu-M1 proved to be clear-cell carcinomas, and the four that reacted exclusively for alpha-fetoprotein were endodermal sinus tumors. Therefore, the authors concluded that positive immunostaining for Leu-M1 and negative immunostaining for alpha-fetoprotein support the differential diagnosis of clear-cell carcinoma, whereas a positive reaction for alpha-fetoprotein and a negative reaction for Leu-M1 favor a diagnosis of endodermal sinus tumor. However, positive or negative staining for both markers appears to have no diagnostic value.
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
authors: T A
authors: TA
authors: Zirker
authors: E G
authors: EG
authors: Silva
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Morris
authors: N G
authors: NG
authors: Ordóñez
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008649:Mesonephroma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014625:Vaginal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins