Clinical experience with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Bacterially synthesized human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) have been studied to determine if they could prevent or reduce the neutropenia caused by chemotherapy. Our studies suggest that 10 micrograms/kg/day of G-CSF administered as a continuous subcutaneous infusion abrogates the neutropenia associated with a standard dose of melphalan. G-CSF produced a rapid increase of neutrophil levels, was well-tolerated, and was associated with only one frequent adverse effect: bone pain. GM-CSF, administered in doses ranging from 3 to 15 micrograms/kg/day subcutaneously, appeared to be useful in abrogating the neutropenia associated with chemotherapy, producing elevations in neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. Although GM-CSF was relatively well-tolerated, several adverse effects, including bone pain, rashes, and fluid retention, were observed. The initial dose of GM-CSF in some patients produced a reaction that was characterized by hypoxia.
Morstyn
G
G
Tumour Biology Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
Lieschke
G J
GJ
Sheridan
W
W
Layton
J
J
Cebon
J
J
Fox
R M
RM
D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006098:Granulocytes; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000628:therapy; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor