Polyadenylation at correct sites in genome RNA is not required for retrovirus replication or genome encapsidation.
RNA transcripts polyadenylated at sites derived from flanking cellular DNA (readthrough transcripts) make up about 15% of the viral RNA in cells infected with avian leukosis virus. To test the functionality of such transcripts, a virus was created by introducing two mutations into the AAUAAA polyadenylation signal of Rous-associated virus 1, converting it to AAGGAA. The replication of this virus was not greatly affected at any level. However, less than 1% of viral transcripts produced during mutant virus replication were cleaved and polyadenylated at the correct site within viral long terminal repeat-related sequence. These results imply that readthrough transcripts, which are produced during normal viral replication, are polyadenylated and packaged into virions as normal transcripts and can serve as RNA genomes in the next round of replication. These results show that polyadenylation within virus-related sequences is not a necessary requirement for virus replication and that readthrough transcripts have the necessary properties to be intermediates in the process of transduction of cellular sequences.
Swain
A
A
Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111.
Coffin
J M
JM
D000818:Animals; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005814:Genes, Viral; D009154:Mutation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D011061:Poly A / Q000378:metabolism*; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D015347:RNA Probes; D012326:RNA Splicing; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014779:Virus Replication
D015347:RNA Probes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011061:Poly A; D012313:RNA