Human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 3 cause basophil histamine release.
Histamine-releasing factors (HRFs) have been shown to be released from a variety of human cells, including T lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages. We considered the possibility that known cytokines might possess such activity on human basophils and/or mast cells and therefore tested preparations of human recombinant IL 3, IL 4, IL 5, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) upon a panel of basophil donors. IL 3 and GM-CSF possessed significant histamine-releasing activity in 8 of 10 and 12 of 14 subjects, respectively. In each instance, a dose response could be demonstrated. IL 4 and G-CSF had no such activity, whereas IL 5 had activity in only 2 of 14 donors tested. We conclude that IL 3 and GM-CSF represent two effective HRFs, and suggest that HRF, as isolated based upon histamine-releasing activity, is likely to be heterogeneous in terms of molecular identity. Whether previously described HRFs relate specifically to IL 3 or GM-CSF must await primary sequence analysis of HRF and/or studies with monospecific antisera.
Haak-Frendscho
M
M
Division of Allergy, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11798-8161.
Arai
N
N
Arai
K
K
Baeza
M L
ML
Finn
A
A
Kaplan
A P
AP
D001491:Basophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000378:metabolism; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000090324:Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D007377:Interleukin-3; D008222:Lymphokines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000090324:Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor