title: A novel mechanism of soluble guanylate cyclase stimulation: time-dependent activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide in rat fetal spleen cells.
abstract: Small amounts of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) greatly increase cGMP levels in short term cultures of rat fetal liver and spleen cells in a dose and time dependent manner. To determine the role of guanylate cyclase in this response, a series of experiments was undertaken using either intact or broken fetal spleen cells, the most sensitive tissue evaluated to date. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 1-methyl-3-isobutyl-xanthine, potentiated the LPS-cGMP effect in cultures of these cells even at maximal doses of LPS. Moreover, after incubation of intact cells with LPS for 4 h, soluble guanylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.2) activity was increased 2-fold, whereas particulate activity was unchanged. This increase in soluble activity was proportional to the dose of LPS, was synchronous with the elevation of cGMP levels, and was not associated with any change in cGMP-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.17) activity. In contrast to intact cells, neither total nor soluble guanylate cyclase activity was increased by the addition of LPS to spleen cell whole sonicate or cytosol for various times from 10 min to 3.5 h. These results suggest that the LPS-cGMP response is due to a persistent indirect stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase activity that is both dose and time dependent.
authors: Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212.
authors: S E
authors: SE
authors: Graber
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Clancey
authors: J N
authors: JN
authors: Wells
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Gerzer
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004229:Dithiothreitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005865:Gestational Age; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D012475:Salmonella; D013154:Spleen / Q000196:embryology* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008345:Manganese; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D008274:Magnesium; D004229:Dithiothreitol; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine