title: Low density lipoprotein undergoes oxidative modification in vivo.
abstract: It has been proposed that low density lipoprotein (LDL) must undergo oxidative modification before it can give rise to foam cells, the key component of the fatty streak lesion of atherosclerosis. Oxidation of LDL probably generates a broad spectrum of conjugates between fragments of oxidized fatty acids and apolipoprotein B. We now present three mutually supportive lines of evidence for oxidation of LDL in vivo: (i) Antibodies against oxidized LDL, malondialdehyde-lysine, or 4-hydroxynonenal-lysine recognize materials in the atherosclerotic lesions of LDL receptor-deficient rabbits; (ii) LDL gently extracted from lesions of these rabbits is recognized by an antiserum against malondialdehyde-conjugated LDL; (iii) autoantibodies against malondialdehyde-LDL (titers from 512 to greater than 4096) can be demonstrated in rabbit and human sera.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Palinski
authors: M E
authors: ME
authors: Rosenfeld
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ylä-Herttuala
authors: G C
authors: GC
authors: Gurtner
authors: S S
authors: SS
authors: Socher
authors: S W
authors: SW
authors: Butler
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Parthasarathy
authors: T E
authors: TE
authors: Carew
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Steinberg
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Witztum
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000032:analysis; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000378:metabolism; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008314:Malonates / Q000032:analysis*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011817:Rabbits; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D001323:Autoantibodies; D000939:Epitopes; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008314:Malonates; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase