title: A comparison of two sedative premedications for minor oral surgery under local anaesthesia.
abstract: Two commonly used drug combinations were studied as premedications before surgical 3rd molar removal under local anaesthesia. The study was randomized, crossover and double-blind in 12 patients. Our routine premedication for lengthy operations, consisting of diazepam 10 mg p.o. plus i.m. scopolamine 0.006 mg/kg and morphine 0.2 mg/kg, was compared with a combination of diazepam 10 mg p.o. plus metoprolol 50 mg p.o. The latter combination was expected to cause fewer central nervous system side effects and be more suitable for out-patient surgery. Drug levels in blood, physiological and biochemical indicators of operation-related stress, CNS side effects, and the patients' subjective preferences were monitored. Both combinations were equally accepted by the patients, but the diazepam/scopolamine/morphine combination caused clearly more side effects after discharge than diazepam/metoprolol. The operation-related haemodynamic changes and plasma catecholamine responses were similar after both premedications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salonen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Forssell
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lehmijoki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaila
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scheinin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003975:Diazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D011897:Random Allocation; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014081:Tooth Extraction
chemical_list: D009020:Morphine; D012601:Scopolamine; D008790:Metoprolol; D003975:Diazepam