title: [Present status of tumor markers].
abstract: "The tumor marker" will be defined as "substances the concentration of which increases (or rarely decreases) in blood or urine by malignancy". These substances are not necessarily be tumor specific but can be normal constituents. There are so many substances which are called as tumor marker that to describe all of them in this article is impossible. Therefore, the description is limited in items such as: i) primary structure of CEA, ii) changes of serum AFP levels by development of experimental hepatoma in rats, iii) clinical diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and hepatoma by characterization of AFP, iv) oncogene products as the tumor marker. All other tumor markers which are currently available or will appear in the near future are listed up in tables with their names only.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000175:diagnosis; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009857:Oncogenes; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins