title: Ethanol:water mutually enhanced transdermal therapeutic system. I: Nitroglycerin solution properties and membrane transport.
abstract: The solution properties of aqueous ethanol donor solutions were characterized for the particular case of an increased flux nitroglycerin transdermal system. Permeation through porous and nonporous polymer membranes was investigated and modelled. While the permeation of ethanol through the porous membranes is adequately described by theory, clogging of pores occurs in the presence of lactose. Permeation through ethylene vinyl acetate membranes reflects interactions of the solute and solvent with the polymer.
authors.affiliation: Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Ardsley, NY 10502.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Otte
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Mazzenga
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Steffens
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Ebert
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D000431:Ethanol; D007785:Lactose / Q000032:analysis; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D007785:Lactose