title: The effect of intravenous mannitol or oral glycerol on intraocular pressure in dogs.
abstract: The effect of IV mannitol (1.5 gm/kg) or oral glycerol (1.4 and 2.0 gm/kg) on intraocular pressure (IOP) and serum osmolality (SOSM) was investigated in 24 normal dogs. Mean IOPs were significantly decreased from baseline values from 0.5 through 5.5 hours following mannitol administration with a mean maximum depression of 8.7 +/- 1.8 mm Hg whereas mean SOSM was significantly increased from baseline values. Mean IOPs were significantly decreased from baseline values from 1.0 through 10 hours following oral administration of 1.4 gm/kg glycerol with a mean maximal depression of 5.4 +/- 2.7 mm Hg. Mean SOSM increased initially followed by a significant decrease. The change in IOP following mannitol administration showed less variation (smaller standard deviations) than glycerol (1.4 gm/kg). Five of the 6 dogs that received the 2.0 gm/kg glycerol vomited; the mean IOP and SOSM values were not significantly altered from baseline values in these dogs. Four of 5 dogs given cooled (10C) 2.0 gm/kg glycerol vomited. The incidence of vomiting appeared to be dose related. Both mannitol and glycerol (1.4 gm/kg) are effective for decreasing IOP in normal dogs.
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic for Animals, Tucson, AZ 85712.
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lorimer
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Hakanson
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Pion
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Merideth
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D014839:Vomiting / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D008353:Mannitol; D005990:Glycerol