title: Comparison of the effects of Sesbania drummondii on the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase systems of chickens and rats.
abstract: Sesbania drummondii, a toxic leguminous shrub found throughout the southeastern United States, induces different responses in chicken vs rat hepatic microsomal monooxygenase systems. Groups of 4- to 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats and White Leghorn chickens were given extracts of S drummondii by gavage for 3 days. Doses, which were 0.4 and 0.8% of daily body weights, respectively, for the rats and chickens, were adjusted to induce similar clinical lesions in the 2 species. The hepatic microsomal monooxygenase systems of control and treated animals were compared, using cytochrome P-450 content, cytochrome b5 content, NADH- and NADPH-cytochrome c-reductase activity, and 6 cytochrome P-450 mediated enzyme activities. Increases of twofold in the cytochrome P-450 content, NADPH-cytochrome c-reductase, aminopyrine-N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities; fourfold in the aldrin epoxidase activity; and 15-fold in the ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity were observed in the S drummondii-treated chickens. In contrast, the treated rats had nearly twofold decreases in these values, suggesting a species-specific effect of S drummondii on microsomal monooxygenase systems, ie, induced with S drummondii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Banton
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Flory
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Jowett
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Winston
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002645:Chickens; D003580:Cytochromes / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D010939:Plant Poisoning / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000201:enzymology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012376:Rodent Diseases / Q000201:enzymology*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D003580:Cytochromes; D010105:Oxygenases; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase