title: Change in stereospecificity of bovine lens aldose reductase modified by oxidative stress.
abstract: Bovine lens aldose reductase (alditol:NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.21) undergoes an oxidative modification, greatly stimulated by high ionic strength, upon incubation in the presence of oxygen radical generating systems (Del Corso, A., Camici, M., and Mura, U. (1987) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 148, 369-375). The enzyme modification is accompanied by a change in stereospecificity toward the two enantiomers of glyceraldehyde. In particular, the Km for L-glyceraldehyde of the native form increased over 150 times after the enzyme modification, with a decrease in the catalytic efficiency of over 200 times. By contrast, for the D-enantiomer the Km increased only 7 times with respect to the native form, with a concomitant decrease in the catalytic efficiency of only approximately 3 times. This dramatic change in stereospecificity may account for the reported apparent cooperative behavior exhibited also by highly purified electrophoretically homogeneous preparations of aldose reductase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Corso
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barsacchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giannessi
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Tozzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camici
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mura
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004229:Dithiothreitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005609:Free Radicals; D005985:Glyceraldehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000201:enzymology*; D008623:Mercaptoethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D005985:Glyceraldehyde; D008623:Mercaptoethanol; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D004229:Dithiothreitol