title: Lithium-induced nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: The nephrotic syndrome is a rare, idiosyncratic adverse renal effect of lithium that can occur with therapeutic plasma lithium levels. The syndrome is usually reversed by discontinuation of lithium treatment but may require corticosteroids. Renal biopsies reveal fusion of the foot processes of renal epithelial cells, referred to as "minimal change disease." No particular variable identifies individuals at risk for developing the nephrotic syndrome while taking lithium. The authors review the eight published cases in the English-language literature and present the case of an adolescent who developed lithium-induced nephrotic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Division of Child Psychiatry, Virginia Treatment Center for Children, Richmond.
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: D X
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Parmelee
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Foreman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008094:Lithium / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D008094:Lithium