title: Disconnect during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD): retrospective experience with three different systems.
abstract: Disadvantages of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), such as inconvenience and bulkiness of the apparatus, inflexibility of infusion volume, and predictable peritonitis incidence may be altered by using systems which allow disconnection from the tubing and bag after each exchange. At University of Michigan we have followed 35 patients using the O set with sodium hypochlorite (Baxter Healthcare Corp.) for 15.5 +/- 10 months, 16 patients using the Y configuration Ultraset (Baxter Healthcare Corp.) for 8.1 +/- 5 months, and 6 patients using a universal adapter (Delmed Corp.) for 14.3 +/- 7 months. Failure occurred in 7 cases (18%) at 12 +/- 8 months using the O set (3 elective, 3 related to peritonitis, 1 ultrafiltration difficulty), and 1 (7%) at 3 months using the Ultraset (related to peritonitis). Accidental sodium hypochlorite infusion occurred 8 times in 6 patients, 4 patients still on CAPD without residual effect and 2 in whom infusion contributed to failure but not to ultrafiltration difficulty. Cumulative per-patient-year (episode/months) peritonitis rates of 0.75 (1/16.4), 0.65 (1/18.4) and 0.88 (1/14.3), respectively, compare favorably with the overall center experience of 0.96 (1/12.2) (NIH-CAPD Registry). Peritonitis rates did not differ during use of any of the disconnect systems between patients with prior CAPD experience compared to patients without prior CAPD experience.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0364.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swartz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rocher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
chemical_list: D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite