title: Interrelationships between glucose metabolism, energy state, and the cytosolic free calcium concentration in cortical synaptosomes from the guinea pig.
abstract: The stoichiometries of glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation were determined in cortical synaptosomes under varying rates of ATP consumption. Glycolysis was measured by using D-3-[3H]glucose as a marker and pyruvate oxidation by using D-3,4-[14C]glucose, which has to be metabolized to 1-[14C]pyruvate before being decarboxylated by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of intrasynaptosomal mitochondria. Cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration [( Ca2+]c) was determined in parallel and was manipulated by using EGTA in the incubation. The results show that in nonstimulated synaptosomes glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation are tightly coupled and stoichiometric. In the absence of Ca2+, when [Ca2+]c drops from 260 nM to 40 nM, glucose utilization increases, following the increase in energy demand, which has been shown to be due to elevated Na+ cycling. KCl depolarization, veratridine, and a mitochondrial uncoupler, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, all stimulate glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation stoichiometrically, independently of the presence of external Ca2+. A rise in [Ca2+]c, therefore, is not required to regulate mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism. It is concluded that synaptosomes exhibit a high degree of respiratory control, that they rely on glucose oxidation for their energetics, and that stimulation of energy production can be achieved independently of changes in [Ca2+]c.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Hunterian Institute, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, U.K.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kauppinen
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Taipale
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komulainen
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002258:Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism*; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007700:Kinetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000378:metabolism; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D014701:Veratridine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; D011773:Pyruvates; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D002258:Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D014701:Veratridine; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005947:Glucose; D002118:Calcium