title: [Noninvasive monitoring of gas exchange: methodologic prerequisites and clinical use].
abstract: The noninvasive determination of the respiratory gas exchange (measurement of oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide delivery) permits the calculation of cardiac output by Fick principle and of the actual energy requirement of the patient (indirect calorimetry). A system is presented for the continuous measurement of oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide delivery, that bases on simple components, which are available on most intensive care units. The methodical problems are discussed and the improvement of the signal of the oxygen sensor by digital signal processing is described. Clinical measurements on 16 patients are presented, whose metabolic rate early after extracorporal circulation was measured. The results reveal, that 4.4 hours after ECC the metabolic rate is close to the calculated basic metabolic rate. They demonstrate the importance of indirect calorimetry as a future bedside monitoring routine.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Kern- und Poliklinik, Universitäts-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kreymann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gottschall
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grosser
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matthaei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raedler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schubmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beck
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002151:Calorimetry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013147:Spirometry / Q000295:instrumentation; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen
vernacular_title: Nichtinvasives Monitoring des Gasaustausches: methodische Voraussetzungen und klinische Awendung.