title: Heart transplantation: update.
abstract: Clinical application of heart transplantation goes beyond 20 years of experience. The results achieved on the first 8,000 transplanted patients are impressive with a 70% survival rate at 7 years of follow-up. Indications for transplantation are less restrictive and include diabetics and patients older than age 60. Pulmonary hypertension still remains difficult to define. Immunosuppressive therapy, now including OKT3 monoclonal antibody in addition to conventional drugs and cyclosporine, lessened the frequency and severity of rejection and infection but still need improvements. Late graft arteriosclerosis remains a serious threat despite the use of retransplantation and, in some cases, mechanical cardiac support.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hopital De La Pitie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cabrol
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gandjbakhch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavie
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bors
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rabago
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muneretto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Solis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabrol
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leger
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Levasseur
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000601:surgery; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D014019:Tissue Donors