title: Correction of the effects of source, source strength, and soft-tissue thickness on spine dual-photon absorptiometry measurements.
abstract: Dual photon absorptiometry measurements of the spine are subject to drift associated with source, source strength, and truncal thickness. This study was conducted to determine the extent to which this drift in bone mineral density (BMD) measurements can be improved by analysis of scans with a new software version, 08C, and by applying external standard or phantom corrections to scans analyzed with the older version, 08B. A phantom, consisting of human lumbar vertebrae embedded in acrylic, and five clear acrylic plates to simulate a soft-tissue thickness range of 15.2-27.9 cm, was measured on a Lunar Radiation Corp DP3 scanner over the life of a 153-gadolinium (Gd) source and scans analyzed with software versions 08B and 08C. Phantom BMD was lower with 08C at both high [0.012 +/- 0.002 (SEM) g/cm2, P less than 0.001] and low (0.027 +/- 0.003 g/cm2, P less than 0.001) count rates than with 08B. Phantom BMD of scans analyzed with 08B increased with increasing source age and the source strength-related increment increased significantly as acrylic thickness increased (P = 0.014). When the same scans were analyzed with 08C, the thickness-related effect was corrected whereas a small (0.011 g/cm2/year) source-strength effect persisted. The effects of source strength and truncal thickness on BMD were also evaluated in 40 humans scanned at two detector collimations to vary count rate. With 08B, mean BMD was 1% greater when measured with 8 than with 13 mm collimation (mean difference 0.011 +/- 0.003 g/cm2, P = 0.001), whereas the version 08C, mean BMD was the same at the two collimations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Calcium and Bone Metabolism Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawson-Hughes
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Deehr
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Dallal
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sadowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012984:Software; D013131:Spine / Q000033:anatomy & histology*
chemical_list: D005682:Gadolinium