title: The ultrastructural immunocytochemical localization of superoxide dismutase in the amphibian urinary bladder: effect of aldosterone.
abstract: Transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry, the latter employing the avidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABC complex) technique, were utilized to localize copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) enzyme activity in the epithelial cells of the toad urinary bladder mucosa. This 'scavenger' enzyme catalyses the dismutation (reduction-oxidation) of the superoxide anion (O2-), a toxic free radical generated during normal cellular respiration. In unstimulated epithelial cells, enzyme activity was seen in the cytosol of granular, mitochondrial-rich and goblet cells. The basal cells were generally devoid of enzyme activity. In addition to the cytosol, SOD activity was also seen in association with the apical plasma membrane of the epithelial cells. In the presence of the steroid hormone aldosterone (10(-7)M, 30 min-6h), CuZn-SOD activity was markedly increased along the luminal mucosal membrane of granular, mitochondrial-rich and goblet cells. This increase was seen as early as 30 min after the addition of hormone, and as long as 6h after treatment. The cytosolic reaction was usually decreased or absent under these conditions. From the data presented, it appears that CuZn-SOD is involved in electrolyte (sodium) transport in the epithelial cells of the toad urinary bladder. The latter may involve hormone-induced alterations in luminal cell membrane structure and chemistry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kipnis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cortinas
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Meiyr
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D002024:Bufo marinus; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000450:Aldosterone; D012964:Sodium; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase