title: Rapid expression of protooncogenes c-fos and c-myc in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells during differentiation induced by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.
abstract: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) were incubated for 0.5 h to 72 h in the presence of the phorbol ester TPA, the calcium ionophore A23187, or a combination of these reagents. Using Northern blot analysis, total cellular RNA was prepared from cells harvested at different time points and hybridized with DNA clones specific for the protooncogenes c-fos and c-myc. While untreated control cells lacked detectable amounts of messenger RNA (mRNA), increase in the level of c-fos mRNA was noted as early as 0.5 h after exposure to the inducers. Peaks of c-fos and c-myc transcript accumulation were seen at 1 h and 4 h after induction, respectively. The most effective inducer was double stimulation with TPA plus A23187. The kinetics of c-fos and c-myc mRNA accumulation in B-CLL appear to be similar to those reported for normal lymphocytes that have been either activated by physiologic external stimuli or by direct activators of protein kinase C and calcium flux (such as TPA and A23187). No direct link between oncogene expression and proliferation or differentiation parameters could be established. These results document that expression of c-fos and c-myc genes, which are among the earliest events following stimulation of the protein kinase signal transduction pathway, can be successfully induced in B-CLL cells. The data provide further evidence for the hypothesis that signal transmission downstream of protein kinase C is intact in B-CLL.
authors.affiliation: Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, Department of Haematology, London, England.
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Drexler
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Hoffbrand
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bartram
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000096:biosynthesis; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D000001:Calcimycin; D004247:DNA; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate