title: Glycogen supercompensation in rat soleus muscle during recovery from nonweight bearing.
abstract: The time course of glycogen changes in soleus muscle recovering from 3 days of nonweight bearing by hindlimb suspension was investigated. Within 15 min and up to 2 h, muscle glycogen decreased. Coincidentally, muscle glucose 6-phosphate and the fractional activity of glycogen phosphorylase, measured at the fresh muscle concentrations of AMP, increased. Increased fractional activity of glycogen synthase during this time was likely the result of greater glucose 6-phosphate and decreased glycogen. From 2 to 4 h, when the synthase activity remained elevated and the phosphorylase activity declined, glycogen levels increased (glycogen supercompensation). A further increase of glycogen up to 24 h did not correlate with the enzyme activities. Between 24 and 72 h, glycogen decreased to control values, possibly initiated by high phosphorylase activity at 24 h. At 12 and 24 h, the inverse relationship between glycogen concentration and the synthase activity ratio was lost, indicating that reloading transiently uncoupled glycogen control of this enzyme. These data suggest that the activities of glycogen synthase and phosphorylase, when measured at physiological effector levels, likely provide the closest approximation to the actual enzyme activities in vivo. Measurements made in this way effectively explained the majority of the changes in the soleus glycogen content during recovery from nonweight bearing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Henriksen
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Kirby
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Tischler
mesh_terms: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate; D005958:Glucosephosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006006:Glycogen Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D009132:Muscles / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006005:Phosphorylases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: D005958:Glucosephosphates; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate; D006003:Glycogen; D006005:Phosphorylases; D006006:Glycogen Synthase