title: Enhancement of macrophage IL-1 production by Leishmania major infection in vitro and its inhibition by IFN-gamma.
abstract: Peritoneal cells from highly susceptible BALB/c mice were infected with Leishmania major and cultured for various times in vitro. The culture supernatants contained significant levels of IL-1 which were consistently higher than those in the cell cultures stimulated with an optimal concentration of LPS. This finding extends to a macrophage cell line, P388D1, and peritoneal exudate cells stimulated with starch in vivo. However, the level of IL-1 produced was significantly reduced when the cells were preincubated with a lymphokine preparation (supernatant of Con A-stimulated rat spleen cells). The level of IL-1 produced seems to be directly correlated with the degree of parasitization of the macrophages. A similar and dose-dependent reduction in IL-1 production by infected macrophages could also be obtained when the cells were preincubated with IFN-gamma. This finding is in direct contrast to that of visceral leishmaniasis in which peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania donovani not only fail to produce IL-1 but also lose the capacity to produce IL-1. This apparent discrepancy is discussed in terms of a possible difference in the induction of cell-mediated immunity between the two leishmanial diseases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of General Pathology, University of Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cillari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dieli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maltese
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salerno
authors.forename: F Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Liew
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007895:Leishmania tropica / Q000276:immunology; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007941:Leukemia P388 / Q000378:metabolism; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008222:Lymphokines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C021649:concanavalin A-induced helper factors; D007371:Interferon-gamma