title: Prognosis in diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of long term antihypertensive treatment on prognosis in diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of all insulin dependent diabetic patients aged under 50 with onset of diabetes before the age of 31 who developed diabetic nephropathy between 1974 and 1978 at Steno Memorial Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient diabetic clinic in tertiary referral centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty five patients (20 women) with a mean age of 30 (SD 7) years and a mean duration of diabetes of 18 (7) years at onset of persistent proteinuria were followed until death or for at least 10 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antihypertensive treatment was started a median of three (0-13) years after onset of nephropathy. Four patients (9%) received no treatment, and 9 (20%), 13 (29%), and 19 (42%) were treated with one, two, or three drugs, respectively. The median follow up was 12 (4-15) years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arterial blood pressure and death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean blood pressure at start of antihypertensive treatment was 148/95 (15/50) mm Hg. Systolic blood pressure remained almost unchanged (slope -0.01 (95% confidence interval -0.39 to 0.37) mm Hg a year) while diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (0.87 (0.65 to 1.10) mm Hg a year) during antihypertensive treatment. The cumulative death rate was 18% (8 to 32%) 10 years after onset of nephropathy, in contrast to previous reports of 50% to 77% 10 years after onset of nephropathy. As in previous studies, uraemia was the main cause of death (9 patients; 64%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prognosis of diabetic nephropathy has improved during the past decade largely because of effective antihypertensive treatment.
authors.affiliation: Hvidore Hospital, Klampenborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Parving
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hommel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents