title: Pharmacokinetics of aztreonam administered i.p. in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of Aztreonam (AZT) administered i.p. in six stable patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were studied. One gram of AZT was added into a 2 L bag of dialysate (Medital-Bieffe) just prior to infusion into the peritoneal cavity. The dwell time was 8 h. The serum maximum concentration of AZT was 42.5 +/- 12.4 mg/L (mean +/- SD), achieved in 4.6 +/- 1.0 h. The elimination half-life was 2.4 +/- 0.8 h, almost equal to that found in normal subjects (1.7-2 h). The pharmacokinetic parameters of elimination, as elimination rate constant and clearance of AZT from peritoneal cavity were found 0.305 +/- 0.101 h-1 and 10.05 +/- 3.7 mL/min, respectively, while the bioavailability via the peritoneal membrane was 90.8 +/- 3.05% of administered dose. It is concluded that AZT is eliminated from dialysate at a high rate after i.p. administration and its dialysate and serum levels exceed the MIC for the majority of sensitive organisms including Pseudomonas species. Aztreonam appears to be a potentially useful antibiotic for CAPD peritonitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA U/ty Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nikolaidis
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dombros
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alexiou
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Balaskas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tourkantonis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001398:Aztreonam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory
chemical_list: D001398:Aztreonam