title: Carnitine and weakness in haemodialysis patients.
abstract: Weakness in haemodialysis patients has been attributed to several factors including carnitine deficiency. Malnutrition, neuropathy, uraemic myopathy and parathyroid hormone excess may all be important. Six haemodialysis patients were shown to have reduced muscle power compared with a normal population, and to be malnourished by dietary assessment, and features of their weakness were investigated. Total carnitine was normal in plasma but elevated in muscle, with an excess of esterified carnitine in both plasma and muscle and diminished free plasma carnitine. Muscle biopsy showed no features of carnitine deficiency and electromyography showed a non-specific neuropathy with additional myopathic changes in some. Dietary supplementation with L-carnitine (2 g/day) for 6 weeks in a placebo-controlled trial showed a redistribution of carnitine fractions but no subjective or objective improvement in muscle function. There was no improvement in the plasma lipid profile. The weakness of haemodialysis patients is multifactorial. We have not demonstrated total carnitine depletion in either muscle or plasma, and oral supplementation of L-carnitine has no demonstrable effect in this group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, King's College Hospital School of Medicine, Dulwich Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rogerson
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Rylance
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Sousa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lanigan
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001706:Biopsy; D002331:Carnitine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000172:deficiency*; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009123:Muscle Hypotonia / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D009132:Muscles / Q000473:pathology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000097:blood; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D002331:Carnitine