title: [The significance of the contamination of dental care articles. The results of a field study].
abstract: Permissible conclusions both from recent available literature and our own field-study results concerning the problematic nature of microbial contamination of dental hygiene articles and the resulting possible health hazard for the consumer can be summarized as follows: Manufacturing practices as are given in the basic instructions for production sites of the cosmetic industry, render a possible degree of microbial contamination. This largely rules out the danger of infection of the consumer upon acquisition of the dental hygiene product. Secondary contamination of these products, as inevitably is the case during use of dental hygiene articles, leads to microbial colonization especially of toothbrush bristles. The extent of this colonization depends at least partially upon the utilization age of the toothbrush. Also for this reason a toothbrush should be replaced by a new one after period of three months, six months at the latest and in all cases of inflammatory changes of the mouth and throat region. The contamination of both the glass or plastic container used for rinsing the teeth after brushing or for gargling can be held within certain limits by dry storage. Only in exceptional cases do mouthwashes show a small degree of contamination. Provided they contain antimicrobial substances, no therapeutically serviceable possibilities worth mentioning follow for the reduction of oropharyngeal flora. Microbial colonization of toothpastes as a result of secondary contamination following use is observed only in exceptional cases due to their preservative content. Significant germination of stagnated residual water in waterpicks often occurs, achieving germ counts up to more than 10(7) cfu per ml. Moreover, waterpicks can represent a biotope for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and should be used neither by patients with open wounds or mucous membrane lesions in the oropharyngeal area, nor by patients with reduced immune resistance. Manufacturers of waterpicks are urged to impede or prevent the stagnation of residual water more effectively by introducing constructive improvements. Denture and retainer cleansing agents presently on the market display a sufficient antimicrobial effect within the frame of their application, however do not meet the standards set for disinfectants. Dental hygiene products are without relevance for the epidemiology of Legionnaires' disease.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Heidelberg.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hingst
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care / Q000592:standards*; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D006801:Humans; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000592:standards; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D009067:Mouthwashes; D014100:Toothpastes
vernacular_title: Die Bedeutung der Kontamination von Zahnpflegeartikeln. Ergebnisse einer Feldstudie.