title: The role of chronic anovulation in the polycystic ovary syndrome: normalization of sex-hormone-binding globulin levels after clomiphene-induced ovulation.
abstract: A group of anovulatory patients with polycystic ovaries (PCO) was given clomiphene citrate and compared with three control groups: normal women having spontaneous, ovulatory cycles, patients with PCO having spontaneous, regular, ovulatory cycles, and anovulatory patients without PCO. Comparisons were made at precise points of the menstrual cycle (taking the day of ovulation as day 0), using ultrasound estimates of mean follicular diameter, uterine volume, and endometrial thickness, and biochemical measurements of LH, FSH, oestradiol (E2), testosterone (T), progesterone (P) and sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Before clomiphene treatment, the anovulatory patients with PCO had significantly lower levels of SHBG and higher follicular phase concentrations of LH than all three control groups. After two cycles of clomiphene-induced ovulation, the serum LH concentration fell significantly and levels of SHBG increased significantly to levels similar to those found in spontaneously ovulating women with normal ovaries. It is likely that the loss of the usual considerable rise in E2 in both the follicular and luteal phases of ovulatory cycles is the main reason for the low SHBG found in the PCO syndrome. The loss of the normal P-induced gonadotrophin suppression may be a factor in allowing LH levels to rise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Eden
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Place
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alaghband-Zadeh
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pawson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000858:Anovulation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000503:physiopathology; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D002996:Clomiphene; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone