title: Enhancement of arterial thrombolysis with native tissue type plasminogen activator by pretreatment with heparin or batroxobin: an angioscopic study.
abstract: The enhancement of canine arterial thrombolysis with native tissue type plasminogen activator (nt-PA) obtained from human-derived normal cells by pretreatment with heparin or the defibrinogenating agent, batroxobin, was evaluated with angioscopy. The nt-PA, 0.25 mg/kg, was infused intravenously to lyse 1-hour-old thrombus (eight thrombosed arteries without medication, seven with nt-PA alone, seven with nt-PA and heparin, and seven with nt-PA plus batroxobin). Angioscopy provided a cross-sectional view of the vessel lumen with clear visualization of the thrombus. Thirty minutes after nt-PA infusion, the percent luminal obstruction decreased from 74 to 61 in nt-PA alone (p less than .025), from 77 to 37 in nt-PA plus heparin (p less than .005), and from 79 to 25 in nt-PA plus batroxobin (p less than .005). Fifteen minutes after drug infusion, plasma fibrinogen levels decreased to 89% of preinfusion value in nt-PA alone, to 84% in nt-PA plus heparin, and to less than 5% in nt-PA plus batroxobin. Thus rapid infusion of nt-PA alone provided slight thrombolytic effects. However, heparin and batroxobin showed marked enhancement of thrombolytic effects of nt-PA.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomaru
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sonoki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D000818:Animals; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012103:Batroxobin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004285:Dogs; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000097:blood; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011292:Premedication; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006493:Heparin; D012103:Batroxobin; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator