title: Uptake of aluminum, cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc by human scalp hair and elution of the adsorbed metals.
abstract: Uptake of aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) from aqueous solutions by human scalp hair (water/hair = 100:1) has been studied in the concentration range 0-50 mg/L. Hair metal levels were determined by a wet digestion procedure and atomic absorption spectrometry. Under conditions used, uptake followed a sigmoid concentration-response relationship. The order of binding capacity of hair to the metals was as follows: Al greater than Cd greater than Cu greater than Pb greater than Zn. Using logit transformation 50% saturation was evaluated at the following metal concentrations (hair metal concentration of saturation is given in parenthesis): 0.34 mg/L for Al (0.154 mg/g); 1.82 mg/L for Cd (0.363 mg/g); 2.21 mg/L for Cu (0.651 mg/g); 2.52 mg/L for Pb (0.986 mg/g); 23.84 mg/L for Zn (1.616 mg/g). Percentage elution of trace metals from hair after treatment with metal-enriched solutions by five different procedures ranged from 14.5 to 46.5% for Al, from 11.1 to 28.9% for Zn, from 11.5 to 28.4% for Pb, from 8.9 to 13.6% for Cd, and from 0.1 to 11.8% for Cu. In addition, trace element concentrations were measured in tap water samples and shampoos.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Toxicology, University of Düsseldorf, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Ohnesorge
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lombeck
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hafner
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000327:Adsorption; D000535:Aluminum / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006197:Hair / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000432:Methanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D012535:Scalp; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D015032:Zinc / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D002104:Cadmium; D000096:Acetone; D007854:Lead; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D004492:Edetic Acid; D000535:Aluminum; D015032:Zinc; D000432:Methanol