title: Clinical evaluation of the Capronor contraceptive implant: preliminary report.
abstract: Capronor, a single-capsule, biodegradable, subdermal contraceptive that releases levonorgestrel over a 12- to 18-month period, has been evaluated in 48 healthy women, ages 18 to 40 years. Sixteen participants received a 2.5 cm capsule (12 mg of levonorgestrel), and 32 received a 4.0 cm capsule (21.6 mg of levonorgestrel). Serum levonorgestrel levels were significantly lower in the 2.5 cm group. Ovulation occurred in all cycles in the 2.5 cm group and in 26.3% of cycles in the 4.0 cm group. Levonorgestrel levels with the shorter capsule were too low for reliable contraception in all users, and 4 cm may be a minimal functional length. Bleeding patterns were regular in most women who ovulated and irregular in most remaining subjects. It is assumed that changes in cervical mucus and the endometrium contributed to effective contraception despite the frequency of ovulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California 94110.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Darney
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Monroe
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Klaisle
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvarado
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D009644:Norgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D004343:Drug Implants; D009644:Norgestrel; D016912:Levonorgestrel