title: Use of glass ionomers as retrofilling materials.
abstract: Many materials have been used as retrofillings. Because of the bonding property of glass ionomer cement, this study was conducted to evaluate its possible use as a retrofilling material. Seventy human maxillary anterior teeth were chosen. The root canal systems were cleansed and shaped, and the teeth were assigned to six groups of 10 each. The root canals were obturated with gutta-percha and Grossman sealer, and the apical 2 mm of each root was resected. In all groups a retrofilling preparation was made to a depth of a number 331 bur. The apical preparations were filled in the following manner: silver amalgam (group I), silver amalgam plus two layers of varnish (group II), Ketac-Silver plus two layers of varnish (group III), Ketac-Silver without varnish (group IV), Ketac-Fil plus two layers of varnish (group V), Ketac-Fil without varnish (group VI), and Ketac-Bond (group VII). All the root surfaces with the exception of 2 mm from the resected line were coated with two layers of clear varnish. All the teeth were immersed in methylene blue for 24 hours. After vertical sectioning, dye penetration was measured under a dissecting microscope. The mean apical leakage (in millimeters) was as follows: I = 0.57, II = 0.39, III = 0.22, IV = 0.54, V = 0.11, VI = 0.46, and VII = 0.17. One-way analysis of variance performed on the group means indicated that Ketac-Fil with varnish (group V) and Ketac-Bond (group VII) had significantly less leakage than other groups (p less than 0.05). This study indicates that Ketac-Fil and Ketac-Bond may have potential as retrofilling materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, School of Dentistry.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Barkhordar
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Pelzner
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Stark
mesh_terms: D016722:Cermet Cements; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003723:Dental Amalgam; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000175:diagnosis; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D006801:Humans; D008298:Maleates; D008751:Methylene Blue; D012184:Retrograde Obturation / Q000379:methods*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012390:Root Canal Therapy; D012834:Silver; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement
chemical_list: D016722:Cermet Cements; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003738:Dental Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D008298:Maleates; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; D012834:Silver; D003723:Dental Amalgam; C040964:Ketac-Fil; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D008751:Methylene Blue