title: Product of the Lactococcus lactis gene required for malolactic fermentation is homologous to a family of positive regulators.
abstract: Malolactic fermentation is a secondary fermentation that many lactic acid bacteria can carry out when L-malate is present in the medium. The activation of the malolactic system in Lactococcus lactis is mediated by a locus we call mleR. Induction of the genes necessary to perform malolactic fermentation occurs only in bacteria with a functional copy of mleR. The mleR gene consists of one open reading frame capable of coding for a protein with a calculated molecular mass of 33,813 daltons. The amino acid sequence of the predicted MleR gene product is homologous to that of positive activators in gram-negative bacteria: LysR, IlvY gene products of Escherichia coli, MetR, CysB of Salmonella typhimurium, AmpR of Enterobacter cloacae, NodD of Rhizobium sp., and TrpI of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Génétique des Microorganismes, INA P-G/CBAI, Thiverval-Grignon, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Renault
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaillardin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heslot
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005285:Fermentation; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005809:Genes, Regulator; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D007773:Lactates / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019344:Lactic Acid; D013294:Lactococcus lactis / Q000235:genetics*; D008293:Malates / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007773:Lactates; D008293:Malates; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019344:Lactic Acid; C030298:malic acid