title: Passive smoking and cardiorespiratory health in a general population in the west of Scotland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE-To assess the risk of cardiorespiratory symptoms and mortality in non-smokers who were passively exposed to environmental smoke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of cohort from general population first screened between 1972 and 1976 and followed up for an average of 11.5 years, with linkage of data from participants in the same household.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renfrew and Paisely, adjacent burghs in urban west Scotland.
  
  
  METHODS
  15,399 Men and women (80% of all those aged 45-64 resident in Renfrew or Paisley) comprised the original cohort; 7997 attended for multiphasic screening with a cohabitee. Passive smoking and control groups were defined on the basis of a lifelong non-smoking index case and whether the cohabitee had ever smoked or never smoked.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiorespiratory signs and symptoms and mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each of the cardiorespiratory symptoms examined produced relative risks greater than 1.0 (though none were significant) for passive smokers compared with controls. Adjusted forced expiratory volume in one second was significantly lower in passive smokers than controls. All cause mortality was higher in passive smokers than controls (rate ratio 1.27 (95% confidence interval 0.95 to 1.70)), as were all causes of death related to smoking (rate ratio 1.30 (0.91 to 1.85] and mortality from lung cancer (rate ratio 2.41 (0.45 to 12.83)) and ischaemic heart disease (rate ratio 2.01 (1.21 to 3.35)). When passive smokers were divided into high and low exposure groups on the basis of the amount smoked by their cohabitees those highly exposed had higher rates of symptoms and death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke cannot be regarded as a safe involuntary habit.
authors.affiliation: West of Scotland Cancer Surveillance Unit, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hole
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Gillis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chopra
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Hawthorne
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012606:Scotland; D012737:Sex Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution