title: Regional alveolar hypoxia does not affect air embolism-induced pulmonary edema.
abstract: We studied the effects of regional alveolar hypoxia on permeability pulmonary edema resulting from venous air embolization. Anesthetized dogs had the left upper lobe removed and a double-lumen tube placed so that right lung and left lower lobe (LLL) could be ventilated independently. Air was infused into the femoral vein for 1 h during bilateral ventilation at an inspiratory O2 fraction (FIO2) of 1.0. After cessation of air infusion the LLL was then ventilated with a hypoxic gas mixture (FIO2 = 0.05) in six animals and an FIO2 of 1.0 in six other animals. Lung hydroxyproline content was measured as an index of lung dry weight. LLL bloodless lobar wet weight-to-hydroxyproline ratio was 0.33 +/- 0.06 mg/micrograms in the animals exposed to LLL hypoxia and 0.37 +/- 0.03 mg/micrograms (NS) in the animals that had a LLL FIO2 of 1. Both values were significantly higher than our laboratory normal values of 0.19 +/- 0.01 mg/micrograms. We subsequently found in four more dogs exposed to global alveolar hypoxia before and after air embolism that the air injury itself significantly depressed the hypoxic vasoconstrictor response. We conclude that regional alveolar hypoxia has no effect on pulmonary edema formation due to air embolism. The most likely reason for these findings is that the air embolism injury itself interfered with hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Cheney
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Eisenstein
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Overand
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bishop
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D004285:Dogs; D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000032:analysis; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D006909:Hydroxyproline; D010100:Oxygen