Species identification of blood and bloodstains by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using anti-human immunoglobulin kappa light chain monoclonal antibody.
A series of experiments was conducted to establish a species identification method by means of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal antibody with high specificity, the result of which is reported. The limit of human IgG detection by inhibition ELISA using mouse anti-human immunoglobulin kappa light chain (Ig kappa) monoclonal antibody is 0.01 microgram. Using this method it was possible to detect human Ig kappa from bloodstains in dilutions up to 1:100,000 (dilution multiple of bloodstain extract to the original amount of blood). Human Ig kappa was detectable in human bloodstains in dilutions up to 1:50,000 one year after stain preparation and in dilutions up to 1:10,000 4 years after stain preparation, showing that this method is applicable to species identification of old bloodstains. When primates other than human were studied for specificity, red-chested tamarin and Japanese monkey showed no cross reaction at all. Cross reaction was noted with a chimpanzee, but experimentally it could be differentiated from human. Furthermore, no cross reaction was noted with respect to blood samples from non-primates (guinea pig, sheep, horse, dog and cat).
Yamamoto
Y
Y
Department of Legal Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Japan.
Tsutsumi
A
A
Ishizu
H
H
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001801:Blood Stains / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000032:analysis*; D007145:Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains / Q000032:analysis*; D013045:Species Specificity
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D007145:Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains