Monoclonal antibody therapy for prevention of acute coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis in mice.
The efficacy of monoclonal antibodies against T cell subsets in the therapy of experimental myocarditis caused by coxsackievirus B3 (CB3) was investigated. Two-week-old male C3H/He mice were inoculated with CB3 virus. Treatment was begun in the viremic stage (starting on the day of inoculation) in experiment 1 and in the later aviremic stage (starting on day 10) in experiment 2. Rat anti-mouse monoclonal antibodies, Lyt 1 (helper/inducer T) at 1 microgram/mouse (group 2 in experiment 1; group 6 in experiment 2), Lyt 2 (suppressor/cytotoxic T) at 1 microgram/mouse (group 3 in experiment 1; group 7 in experiment 2), and Lyt 1 at 1 microgram plus Lyt 2 at 1 microgram/mouse (group 4 in experiment 1; group 8 in experiment 2), were administered subcutaneously daily for 2 weeks. The treatment groups were compared with infected controls (group 1 in experiment 1; group 5 in experiment 2). In experiment 1, the survival rate in group 4 was higher (p less than 0.01) than in group 1. In experiment 2, mice treated with Lyt 1 plus Lyt 2 (group 8) survived significantly longer (p less than 0.05) than did controls (group 5). In experiment 1, myocardial virus titers on days 5 and 6 did not show any significant differences among the four groups. Serum-neutralizing antibody titers between group 1 and group 4 in experiment 1 or between group 5 and group 8 in experiment 2 did not differ significantly. Histologic examination showed extensive myocardial necrosis and cellular infiltration in untreated groups: there was less infiltration in group 4 and in group 8 and less severe necrosis in group 8.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Kishimoto
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Charles A. Dana Research Institute, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.
Abelmann
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D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000628:therapy*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007518:Isoantibodies; C029805:Lyt antibodies