title: The role of pirenzepine-sensitive (M1) muscarinic receptors in vagally mediated bronchoconstriction in humans.
abstract: In a double-blind randomized study, we compared the effects of the M1-selective muscarinic receptor antagonists pirenzepine and the nonselective antagonist ipratropium bromide on bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled sulfur dioxide (SO2) and methacholine in atopic volunteers. Both inhaled pirenzepine (70 micrograms) and ipratropium bromide (7 micrograms) significantly inhibited vagally mediated bronchoconstriction by SO2 to the same extent (p less than 0.02). However, at this dose, pirenzepine had no effect on methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction, whereas ipratropium bromide gave significant protection (p less than 0.02). This indicates that vagally mediated bronchoconstriction in humans can be inhibited by blockade of pirenzepine-sensitive (M1) muscarinic receptors probably present on a different site from muscarinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction and presumably localized to parasympathetic ganglia. Pirenzepine may be useful in investigating ganglionic function and could be beneficial therapeutically in airway disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Medicine, Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lammers
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minette
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McCusker
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Barnes
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D008688:Methacholine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects*; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008688:Methacholine Compounds; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D010890:Pirenzepine; D009241:Ipratropium