title: Plasma protein S in disseminated intravascular coagulation, liver disease, collagen disease, diabetes mellitus, and under oral anticoagulant therapy.
abstract: Plasma levels of protein S (PS) antigen, both total and free fractions, were measured together with C4b-binding protein (C4bp) and protein C (PC) antigen in 39 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), 34 with liver disease, 17 with collagen disease, 17 with diabetes mellitus, and 51 under stabilized warfarin treatment. In patients with DIC, mean concentrations of total PS and free PS were normal, while PC was reduced and C4bp were elevated. Total PS, free PS, C4bp and PC were all decreased in liver disease, elevated in diabetes mellitus, and normal in collagen disease. In warfarin-treated patients, total PS, free PS and PC were moderately decreased, but the decrease in C4bp was minimal. The concentration of PS correlated positively with PC in liver disease, diabetes mellitus, and during oral anticoagulation, but did not in DIC. These results indicate that PS and PC behave similarly when liver synthetic function is principally affected, but in contrast to PC, PS is hardly consumed during intravascular coagulation.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tatewaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shibata
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003095:Collagen Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D003169:Complement Inactivator Proteins; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood*; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000097:blood*; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000378:metabolism; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011486:Protein C / Q000097:blood; D017293:Protein S; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D014859:Warfarin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003169:Complement Inactivator Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D011486:Protein C; D017293:Protein S; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D014859:Warfarin; D000990:Antithrombin III; D005169:Factor VIII