Soluble CD4 blocks the infectivity of diverse strains of HIV and SIV for T cells and monocytes but not for brain and muscle cells.
The CD4 antigen has been subverted as a receptor by the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV). Several groups have reported that recombinant, soluble forms of the CD4 molecule (sCD4) block the infection of T lymphocytes by HIV-1, as CD4 binds the HIV envelope glycoprotein, gp120, with high affinity. We now report that sCD4 blocks diverse strains of HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV, but is less effective for HIV-2. The blocking effect is apparent even after adsorption of virions to CD4 cells. Soluble CD4 prevents HIV infection of T-lymphocytic and myelomonocytic cell lines, but neither sCD4 nor anti-CD4 antibodies inhibit infection of glioma and rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines.
Clapham
P R
PR
Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
Weber
J N
JN
Whitby
D
D
McIntosh
K
K
Dalgleish
A G
AG
Maddon
P J
PJ
Deen
K C
KC
Sweet
R W
RW
Weiss
R A
RA
D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002460:Cell Line; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D009132:Muscles / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D015301:Retroviruses, Simian / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014779:Virus Replication
D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D011991:Receptors, Virus