title: Repression of the lambda pcin promoter by integrative host factor.
abstract: The cin-1 mutation creates a new promoter (pcin) in the tR1 region of bacteriophage lambda. The pcin promoter transcribes the cI repressor gene constitutively. lambda cin-1 does not propagate on Escherichia coli mutants lacking the integrative host factor (IHF). lambda cI- cin-1 grows normally in IHF- mutants, indicating that repressor overproduction from pcin blocks lytic growth. The presence of an IHF binding site which overlaps the pcin promoter led us to the hypothesis that IHF functions as a repressor of pcin transcription. We find that the pcin promoter is fivefold more active in a host lacking IHF than in wild-type cells. In vitro studies show that IHF directly inhibits transcription initiation at pcin. Abortive initiation and gel retardation assays demonstrate that IHF interferes with the binding of RNA polymerase to the pcin promoter. RNA polymerase bound in an open promoter complex is resistant to IHF. We propose that IHF binding to the pcin promoter region blocks the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter, either by covering specific nucleotides or by distorting DNA structure.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Griffo
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Oppenheim
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gottesman
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010582:Bacteriophage lambda; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D034982:Integration Host Factors; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D034982:Integration Host Factors; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases