title: Serial quantitative CT analysis of brain morphometrics in adult Down's syndrome at different ages.
abstract: Quantitative CT demonstrated increased CSF and 3rd ventricular volumes, and decreased gray matter and white matter volume, in older (greater than 45 years) Down's syndrome (DS) adults with dementia as compared with younger DS adults. Serial CT studies repeated after periods of up to 2 years demonstrated significant progressive cerebral atrophy. Older DS adults without dementia, but with cognitive decline, did not show cerebral atrophy as compared with young DS subjects. These results suggest brain atrophy must be present to accompany dementia in older DS subjects, despite the presence of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology in all older subjects. The Alzheimer's disease process in DS may occur in 2 stages, the 1st with neuropathology and cognitive decline, the 2nd with additional cerebral atrophy and dementia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Schapiro
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Luxenberg
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kaye
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Haxby
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Friedland
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Rapoport
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed