title: Identification of icsA, a plasmid locus of Shigella flexneri that governs bacterial intra- and intercellular spread through interaction with F-actin.
abstract: The capacity of Shigella to spread within the cytosol of infected epithelial cells and to infect adjacent cells is critical for the development of infection foci, which lead to mucosal abscesses. Shigella is a nonmotile microorganism that appears to utilize host cell microfilaments to generate intra- as well as intercellular movements, since this movement was inhibited by cytochalasin D and involvement of F-actin was demonstrated by direct labeling of infected cells with the specific dye N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)phallacidin. Such movements led to the formation of extracellular protrusions, which may explain cell to cell spread. icsA, a locus necessary for intra- and intercellular spread, was identified on the Shigella flexneri virulence plasmid pWR100. This locus was cloned and shown to express a 120-kDa outer membrane protein, which plays an important role in the interactions established between host cell microfilaments and the bacterial surface, thus leading to intracellular movement.
authors.affiliation: Service des Entérobactéries, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 199, Institut Pasteur, Paris.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mounier
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: d'Hauteville
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coquis-Rondon
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Sansonetti
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000502:physiology*; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D015638:Cytochalasin D; D003572:Cytochalasins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010641:Phenotype; D010957:Plasmids; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012763:Shigella flexneri / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D003572:Cytochalasins; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D015638:Cytochalasin D