title: In vitro chemopurification of neuroblastoma cells: comparison of 6-hydroxydopamine and ascorbic acid with 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide.
abstract: To develop an effective neuroblastoma (NB) purging condition, we have compared in vitro cytotoxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and ascorbic acid, with 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) on three NB cell lines (SK-N-BE2, SMS-SAN, and LA-N-1) and also upon human hematopoietic stem cells. Our study included mixing NB cells with 20-fold excess of irradiated bone marrow buffy coat cells to simulate the borderline remission marrow. When NB cells were treated without marrow cells, all three NB cell lines were very sensitive to 6-OHDA; complete inhibition of SK-N-BE2 and SMS-SAN cells was achieved at 10 micrograms/ml, and greater than 4 log inhibition of LA-N-1 was observed at 100 micrograms/ml of 6-OHDA. Addition of marrow cells caused marked reduction of the 6-OHDA-induced cytotoxicity of NB cells, and under similar conditions, colony-forming units-granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) growth was not inhibited significantly. In the absence of normal marrow cells, 60 minutes of treatment with 100 microM of 4-HC produced complete inhibition (greater than 4.5 log) of SK-N-BE2 and SMS-SAN cells, greater than 4 log inhibition of LA-N-1 cells, and 97% of CFU-GM. Addition of marrow cells reduced the cytotoxicity of 4-HC, and 100 microM of 4-HC produced 99.8% inhibition of LA-N-1 colony growth. Shortening incubation duration to 30 minutes resulted in further reduction of 4-HC cytotoxicity; 100 microM of 4-HC caused 98.3%, 45%, and 33% inhibition of LA-N-1 cells, marrow CFU-GM, and burst-forming units-erythrocytes (BFU-E), respectively. At 200 microM, complete inhibition (greater than 4 log) of LA-N-1 colony growth was noted, and 9.9% of CFU-GM and 9.3% of BFU-E growth was observed. These data favor the use of 4-HC for purging marrow of NB, cells in the clinical autologous marrow transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Gulati
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kushner
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Atzpodien
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shum
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Clarkson
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006892:Hydroxydopamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D016627:Oxidopamine; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D006892:Hydroxydopamines; D016627:Oxidopamine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; C011272:perfosfamide