title: Synergistic activation of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by IL-1 and IL-2 in murine Th1 cells.
abstract: Recent reports indicate that murine CD4+ Th1-type cloned T cells are insensitive to IL-1 because specific IL-1R are not detected on these cells and IL-1 does not modulate proliferative responses. However, we have determined that Th1 clones can respond to IL-1, because they function synergistically with IL-2 to induce granulocyte-macrophage-CSF secretion. This response to IL-1 plus IL-2 could be induced by IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta and by membrane-bound IL-1 on macrophages. However, IL-1R could not be detected, and Th1 cells did not respond to IL-4 in the presence or absence of IL-1, as measured by either proliferation or granulocyte-macrophage-CSF production. Therefore, IL-1 functioned as a cofactor in Th1 cells stimulated with IL-2, but not with IL-4. A possible mechanism whereby IL-1 activates Th1 cells is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Quill
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaur
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Infante
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Phipps
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012995:Solubility; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007378:Interleukins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor