title: Amonabactin, a novel tryptophan- or phenylalanine-containing phenolate siderophore in Aeromonas hydrophila.
abstract: Aeromonas hydrophila 495A2 excreted two forms of amonabactin, a new phenolate siderophore composed of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, lysine, glycine, and either tryptophan (amonabactin T) or phenylalanine (amonabactin P). Supplementing cultures with L-tryptophan (0.3 mM) caused exclusive synthesis of amonabactin T, whereas supplements of L-phenylalanine (0.3 to 30 mM) gave predominant production of amonabactin P. The two forms of amonabactin were separately purified by a combination of production and polyamide column chromatographic methods. Both forms were biologically active, stimulating growth in iron-deficient medium of an amonabactin-negative mutant. Of 43 additional siderophore-producing isolates of the Aeromonas species that were tested, 76% (19 of 25) of the A. hydrophila isolates were amonabactin positive, whereas only 19% (3 of 16) of the A. sobria isolates and all (3 of 3) of the A. caviae isolates produced amonabactin, suggesting a predominant synthesis of amonabactin in certain Aeromonas species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barghouthi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Arceneaux
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Clem
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Byers
mesh_terms: D000333:Aeromonas / Q000032:analysis*; D007501:Iron / Q000502:physiology; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D017262:Siderophores; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D010636:Phenols; D017262:Siderophores; D010649:Phenylalanine; D014364:Tryptophan; D007501:Iron; D008239:Lysine