title: Nicorandil, a new vasodilator drug, in patients with essential hypertension.
abstract: In 12 mild to moderate hypertensive patients we investigated the acute antihypertensive efficacy of three different doses of nicorandil, a new vasodilating agent which probably acts by increasing the potassium efflux from smooth muscle cells and causing a cellular hyperpolarization. After a 3-day placebo period the patients were given, according to a double-blind Latin-square randomized design, 10, 20 and 30 mg nicorandil as a single acute dose every other day. Blood pressure and the heart rate were measured in both supine and upright positions at various times for 24 h after the dosing; fractional urine collections were obtained at the end of the placebo period and after each active dose. All doses of nicorandil similarly and significantly (P less than 0.01) reduced supine blood pressure, with a peak after 4-6 h (10 mg: -21/-8 mmHg; 20 mg: -20/-9 mmHg; 30 mg: -29/-17 mmHg), and the effect was still present, though reduced, after 24 h; no change in the heart rate was observed. The results from the upright position were similar. There were no significant changes in urine volume and electrolyte excretion during the nicorandil administration. The three different doses of nicorandil caused similar acute blood pressure reductions without change in the heart rate, nor in the urine volume and urinary sodium.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leonetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fruscio
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gradnik
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chianca
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Bolla
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Prandi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zanchetti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020108:Nicorandil; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009536:Niacinamide; D020108:Nicorandil