title: Long-term effects of a once-a-day versus twice-a-day regimen of enalapril for congestive heart failure.
abstract: Although an abundance of short-term clinical trials has evaluated the use of enalapril in congestive heart failure (CHF), there has been a paucity of data regarding the long-term effects of this angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Moreover, a question has arisen as to whether a once- or twice-daily dosing schedule is preferable. To address these issues, a multicenter trial was conducted with the objective of obtaining long-term (48 weeks) experience with enalapril in 142 patients with CHF. A subgroup of patients (n = 88) were randomized to receive enalapril in a dosing schedule of either 20 mg once daily or 10 mg twice daily. Of the overall group, 96 patients completed the 48 weeks of follow-up. Improvement in New York Heart Association functional class, exercise duration and left ventricular ejection fraction was observed. Improvement in clinical status was seen in 68% of all patients, whereas conditions in 5% worsened with enalapril therapy. The most frequent adverse experiences were dizziness and hypotension. There were no obvious differences between the effects of the once- and twice-daily dosing regimens, with doses of 20 mg/day and 2.5 to 15 mg/day being given to about 70 and 30% of patients, respectively. Enalapril appears to provide well-tolerated and effective long-term therapy for CHF.
authors.affiliation: Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Rucinska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004656:Enalapril / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004656:Enalapril