title: A cell adhesion molecule, ICAM-1, is the major surface receptor for rhinoviruses.
abstract: Rhinoviruses, which cause common colds, possess over 100 serotypes, 90% of which (the major group) share a single receptor. Lymphocyte function associated molecule 1 (LFA-1) mediates leukocyte adhesion to a wide variety of cell types by binding to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). We demonstrate identity between the receptor for the major group of rhinoviruses and ICAM-1. A major group rhinovirus binds specifically to purified ICAM-1 and to ICAM-1 expressed on transfected COS cells, and binding is blocked by three ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies (MAb) that block ICAM-1-LFA-1 interaction, but not by an ICAM-1 MAb that does not block ICAM-1-LFA-1 interaction. This suggests that the ICAM-1 contact site(s) for LFA-1 and rhinoviruses is proximal or identical. In addition, ICAM-1 MAb block the cytopathic effect in HeLa cells mediated by representative major but not minor group rhinoviruses. ICAM-1 is induced by soluble mediators of inflammation, suggesting that the host immune response to rhinovirus may facilitate spread to uninfected cells.
authors.affiliation: Center for Blood Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Staunton
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Merluzzi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rothlein
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Marlin
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Springer
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D006801:Humans; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D011991:Receptors, Virus