title: Effects of collateral blood vessel ligation and electrical conditioning on blood flow in dog latissimus dorsi muscle.
abstract: Utilization of skeletal muscle as a myocardial substitute requires it to undergo two major modifications: mobilization to the site of action and adaptation to continuous activity. We have examined the effects of collateral blood vessel ligation, which would accompany mobilization, on blood flow in control and electrically conditioned canine latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. Blood flows were measured at rest and during a vigorous isometric fatigue test. In 22 control muscles, electrical stimulation during the fatigue test resulted in a sevenfold increase in muscle blood flow (0.26 +/- 0.18 ml/g/min at rest, 1.69 +/- 0.84 ml/g/min during stimulation). No difference was detected in flow to distal and proximal portions of the muscle. In three muscles where collateral vessels were ligated immediately before measurement of blood flow, flow in the proximal portion of the muscle was not significantly different from control, but in the distal portion, stimulation failed to elicit an increase in flow (0.12 +/- 0.13 ml/g/min at rest, 0.16 +/- 0.07 ml/g/min during stimulation). In animals allowed a 3-week recovery period following collateral vessel ligation, stimulation-induced increases in blood flow were detected but remained lower than control. Muscles which had been conditioned by continuous electrical stimulation for 6-7 weeks at 2 or 10 Hz generated less peak isometric tension than controls (peak tension = 4.5 +/- 1.7 kg control, 2.4 +/- 0.7 kg following 2 Hz conditioning, 1.6 +/- 0.4 kg following 10 Hz conditioning). However, these muscles demonstrated an increased resistance to fatigue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mannion
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velchik
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alavi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mackler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duckett
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Staum
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hurwitz
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Stephenson
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001831:Body Temperature; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006400:Hematocrit; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009132:Muscles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000201:enzymology; D009210:Myofibrils / Q000201:enzymology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow
chemical_list: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases