Differential effects of interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta on human peripheral blood eosinophils.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a major role in the response to infection, inflammation, and immunological challenge. Eosinophils participate in the host response to parasitic infection and allergic and hypersensitivity diseases. The role of IL-1 in these disease states has not been extensively explored. We have reported that purified human monocyte derived IL-1 (mIL-1), a mixture of the two IL-1 forms but predominantly consisting of IL-1 beta, modulates eosinophil oxidative metabolism and enzyme secretion. Although the two major species of IL-1 (IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta) have identical specific activities on T cells, we now report the selective effects of human recombinant IL-1 (hrIL-1) alpha and hrIL-1 beta on eosinophil function. Whereas hrIL-1 beta caused a significant increase in arylsulfatase secretion (235.4 +/- 29% of resting secretion, P less than or equal to .01) and beta-glucuronidase secretion (135.8 +/- 9.6% of resting secretion, P less than or equal to .02) similar to our experience with mIL-1, hrIL-1 alpha had no effect on enzyme secretion. However, a mixture of hrIL-1 alpha and hrIL-1 beta reproduced the ability of mIL-1 to inhibit the oxidative response to suboptimal doses of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). When eosinophils were separated into subpopulations by density gradients, we found that eosinophil responses to IL-1 differed among the populations. These results suggest that eosinophil subpopulations respond selectively to each form of IL-1.
Whitcomb
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Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.
Dinarello
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Pincus
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D001192:Arylsulfatases / Q000097:blood; D002469:Cell Separation; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000201:enzymology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000032:analysis; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013481:Superoxides / Q000096:biosynthesis
D007375:Interleukin-1; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013481:Superoxides; D001192:Arylsulfatases; D005966:Glucuronidase