title: Interleukin 1 potentiates the secretion of beta-endorphin induced by secretagogues in a mouse pituitary cell line (AtT-20).
abstract: Previous work has shown that corticotropin releasing factor, vasoactive intestinal peptide, phorbol ester, and forskolin cause the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and beta-endorphin from the AtT-20 mouse pituitary cell line. Human recombinant interleukin 1 alpha and 1 beta also stimulated adrenocorticotropic hormone and beta-endorphin secretion from AtT-20 cells in a time- and dose-related manner. The effect appeared only after pretreatment with interleukin 1 (IL-1) for at least 18 hr and was maximum at 24 hr. After pretreatment of the cells over a period of time with IL-1, the secretion induced by corticotropin releasing factor and vasoactive intestinal peptide was increased in more than an additive manner. The enhancement of corticotropin releasing factor-induced beta-endorphin release produced by IL-1 was apparent after 12 hr and reached a maximum at 24 hr. IL-1 did not affect forskolin-induced cAMP generation but enhanced the effect of forskolin on beta-endorphin secretion. This suggests that IL-1 does not induce adenylate cyclase and that forskolin causes the secretion of beta-endorphin by a mechanism independent of cAMP. IL-1 enhanced phorbol ester-induced beta-endorphin secretion. After prolonged treatment with phorbol ester (an activator of protein kinase C), the secretion induced by phorbol ester was abolished as well as the enhancement induced by IL-1. However, prolonged treatment with phorbol ester had no effect on IL-1-induced beta-endorphin secretion. These observations suggest that IL-1 enhances peptide-generated secretion of beta-endorphin by inducing protein kinase C.
authors.affiliation: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Biology, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Făgăraşan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eskay
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Axelrod
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology; D001615:beta-Endorphin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005576:Colforsin; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D001615:beta-Endorphin; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate