title: Complete nucleotide sequence of the chromosomal gene for human IL-4 and its expression.
abstract: We have isolated a chromosomal DNA segment of the human IL-4 gene based on homology with a human IL-4 cDNA sequence and determined its complete nucleotide sequence. The human IL-4 gene, which occurs as a single copy in the haploid genome, is mapped on chromosome 5. It is composed of four exons and three introns and is approximately 10 kilobase pairs in size. 5'-Flanking regions of human and mouse IL-4 genes share about 85% homology extending more than 500 base pairs upstream of a "TATA" like sequence. Several patches of sequences are found in the 5'-flanking region of the human IL-4 gene which are homologous to sequence in the 5'-flanking regions of the IL-2, IL-3, IL-5, and granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF genes. The IL-4 gene is inducible after treatment of human T cell clone by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (TPA) and calcium ionophore A23187. The 2.3-kb 5'-flanking region of the human IL-4 gene transiently transfected into Jurkat human T cell leukemia cells is activated efficiently in response to TPA and A23187 stimulation and, although less efficiently, by human T cell leukemia virus type I-encoded p40x or BPV-encoded E2 protein. Combination of TPA/A23187 and p40x or E2 protein further augmented the level of expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Villaret
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DeWaal Malefijt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seiki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minoshima
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kudoh
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D052688:Bovine papillomavirus 1; D000001:Calcimycin; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005796:Genes / Q000187:drug effects; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D014162:Transfection / Q000187:drug effects; D014764:Viral Proteins
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C051550:E2 protein, Bovine papillomavirus; D007378:Interleukins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D000001:Calcimycin; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate