Renal and hemodynamic effects of isradipine in essential hypertension.
Twenty-three men with essential hypertension participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled study with a crossover design to evaluate the long-term (nine weeks) effects of isradipine on central and renal hemodynamics. Isradipine as monotherapy was titrated from 2.5 to 5 and then to 7.5 mg twice daily. At the end of the crossover periods, cardiac output (dye-dilution) and intraarterial blood pressure were assessed. Compared with placebo, isradipine reduced ambulatory blood pressure from 174/104 to 154/91 (p less than 0.001), whereas the heart rate was unchanged. The reduction of blood pressure was entirely due to a reduction (36 percent; p less than 0.001) of the peripheral resistance. The baroreceptor sensitivity did not change (RR intervals during infusion of phenylephrine) but, with isradipine, the setpoint was shifted to lower blood pressure levels. Renal plasma flow (para-amino hippurate clearance) increased (465 versus 391 ml/minute; p less than 0.05), but glomerular filtration rate ([51Cr]ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid clearance) did not change. Hence, the filtration fraction decreased. With isradipine, there was a post-dose increase in natriuresis (0.45 to 0.34 mmol/minute; p = 0.06). Side effects were mild.
Persson
B
B
Department of Medicine I, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Andersson
O K
OK
Wysocki
M
M
Hedner
T
T
Aurell
M
M
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017275:Isradipine; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D010919:Placebos; D011725:Pyridines; D017275:Isradipine