title: A direct approach in fibrinolysis diagnostic: mimicry of the leukocyte by attack by oxidants.
abstract: Activated leukocytes release large amounts of chloramine like oxidizing agents (see Weiss et al. Science 222, 625-628, 1983) which inactivate protease inhibitors, creating microenvironments of uncontrolled protease activity. The biological result is an increased proteo- and fibrino- lysis. Functional determination of tissue type (t-PA) or urinary type (u-PA) plasminogen activator, the key enzymes of fibrinolysis, is of clinical importance. Assay techniques have been developed but are troublesome due to predilution, acidification or separation steps in order to eliminate the PA and plasmin inhibiting effect of plasmatic inhibitors of anti-PA and of anti-plasmin type, respectively. In this study, evidence is presented that performance of fibrinolytic assays using N-chloroamines offers great advantage: plasmatic plasminogen activator activity both of urinary and of tissue type can be measured precisely within minutes in untreated (direct) plasma samples. Therefore, mimicking the oxidative inflammatory response, for the first time it gets feasible to analyze blood factors involved in the physiological course of fibrinolysis by means of a functional, sensitive, and rapid assay procedure.
authors.affiliation: University Dept. of Hematology, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Stief
mesh_terms: D002700:Chloramines / Q000097:blood; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000097:blood; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators / Q000097:blood; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002700:Chloramines; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators; D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator