title: The comparative in vitro activity of ofloxacin and selected ophthalmic antimicrobial agents against ocular bacterial isolates.
abstract: The in vitro activity of ofloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone anti-infective agent, was evaluated against 419 ocular bacterial isolates of 55 species to determine its potential as a topical agent for the treatment of ocular infections. Other agents tested in this study, in which a modified tube-dilution procedure was used, include norfloxacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, and polymyxin B. Ofloxacin demonstrated good to excellent activity against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration against 90% of all bacterial strains tested (MIC90) of ofloxacin was 0.5 microgram/ml for Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, 2 micrograms/ml for Streptococcus pneumoniae, and 4 micrograms/ml for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These species were more susceptible to ofloxacin than to any of the nonquinolones tested. The MIC90 of ofloxacin was lower than that of norfloxacin, another quinolone, against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and St. pneumoniae and equal to that of norfloxacin against P. aeruginosa. Because of its broad spectrum of activity and excellent in vitro activity, we concluded that ofloxacin has the potential for development into a superior topical treatment for ocular infection.
authors.affiliation: Cullen Eye Institute, Houston.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Osato
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Trousdale
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bosso
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Borrmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Akers
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005123:Eye / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D009994:Osmolar Concentration
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D015242:Ofloxacin