title: Fish oil-enriched diet and reduction of low-dose streptozocin-induced hyperglycemia. Inhibition of macrophage activation.
abstract: Repeated low doses of streptozocin (STZ; 40 mg/kg, 5 injections/day) induce hyperglycemia in certain strains of mice after a latency of 1 wk. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega 3FA) have been reported to suppress immune processes by blockade of the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. We investigated the effects of diets high in omega 3FA on the development of diabetes in the low-dose STZ-induced diabetes (LDSTZ-D) model. Male C57BL/6J mice were on a fish oil diet (FOD) as a source of omega 3FA 8 wk before STZ injection. Controls received laboratory chow only or a coconut oil diet (COD). Blood glucose levels in FOD mice were reduced (12.5 vs. 28 mM for COD mice, P less than .001) 60 days after STZ injection with a diet in which 20% of the calories were from fish oil. In FOD mice, immunohistology showed reduced numbers of class II antigen-expressing cells in pancreatic islets followed by a decreased extent of insulitis. FOD significantly decreased the number of Fc receptor-negative dendritic cells in cytospin preparations of islets isolated from diabetic mice. Interleukin 1-like activity of peritoneal exudate cell supernatants isolated from mice on FOD was reduced. FOD did not improve insulin secretion of isolated islets from LDSTZ-D mice. These data indicate a beneficial effect of FOD on the immune component of the mouse LDSTZ-D model.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic III, Justus Liebig University, Glessen, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Linn
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Woehrle
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Kloer
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Hammes
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Litzlbauer
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Bretzel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Federlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum / Q000276:immunology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005527:Food, Fortified; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D013311:Streptozocin
chemical_list: D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D007328:Insulin; D013311:Streptozocin; D005947:Glucose