title: A simple method for multiple fluid exchange.
abstract: A simple device for fluid exchange is described, which allows the exchange of an unlimited number of solutions at low (10-1000 nl/min) constant perfusion rate. The applicability of the system has been tested in microperfusion experiments of rat distal tubules. At a luminal perfusion rate of 40 nl/min, the lag time was some 20 sec and 80% fluid exchange time some 3 sec. Simple modification allows further reduction of the lag time. Under control conditions, the potential difference across the late distal tubule (PDte) approaches -19.4 +/- 2.5 mV (n = 27). Increase of luminal potassium concentration from 5.4 to 40 mmol/l hyperpolarizes PDte to -29.9 +/- 4.3 mV (n = 8). Amiloride (10 mumol/l) leads to a reversible depolarization to -3.2 +/- 1.0 mV (n = 19), barium (1 mmol/l) to a reversible hyperpolarization to -25.8 +/- 2.6 mV (n = 19). As expected, PDte is largely created by amiloride sensitive sodium channels and is partially blunted by barium sensitive potassium channels.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Physiology, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004848:Epithelium / Q000502:physiology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000502:physiology*; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods*; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D015222:Sodium Channels; D000584:Amiloride; D011188:Potassium