title: The substrate and sequence specificity of the AMP-activated protein kinase. Phosphorylation of glycogen synthase and phosphorylase kinase.
abstract: In addition to acetyl-CoA carboxylase and HMG-CoA reductase, the AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylates glycogen synthase, phosphorylase kinase, hormone-sensitive lipase and casein. A number of other substrates for the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, e.g., L-pyruvate kinase and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase, are not phosphorylated at significant rates. Examination of the sites phosphorylated on acetyl-CoA carboxylase, hormone-sensitive lipase, glycogen synthase and phosphorylase kinase suggests a consensus recognition sequence in which the serine residue phosphorylated by the AMP-activated protein kinase has a hydrophobic residue on the N-terminal side (i.e., at -1) and at least one arginine residue at -2, -3 or -4. Substrates for cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase which lack the hydrophobic residue at -1 are not substrates for the AMP-activated protein kinase.
authors.affiliation: MRC Protein Phosphorylation Group, Biochemistry Department, The University, Dundee, U.K.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carling
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hardie
mesh_terms: D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006006:Glycogen Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010764:Phosphorylase Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D006006:Glycogen Synthase; D011494:Protein Kinases; D010764:Phosphorylase Kinase; D008049:Lipase; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase