title: Ten-year follow-up study of islet-cell antibodies and childhood diabetes mellitus.
abstract: To find out whether subclinical autoimmunity precedes onset of nonfamilial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 4806 schoolchildren aged 5-19 years from a township in Holland were followed-up for at least ten years after blood was sampled for measurement of islet-cell antibodies (ICA). ICA positivity conferred a relative risk of IDDM of 533 (95% CI 145-1955). In the 10 years of follow-up 4 of the 8 ICA-positive subjects became insulin dependent, whereas the probability of being free of IDDM was 99.9% for those who were ICA-negative at the start of the study. The findings suggest that, although chronic autoimmunity involving the pancreatic beta-cells may precede non-familial IDDM by many years, a positive ICA test on a single occasion predicts the development of IDDM in only 4 out of 8 subjects over a period of 10 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Bruining
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Molenaar
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Grobbee
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Scheffer
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Bruining
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Bruyn
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Valkenburg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001323:Autoantibodies; C024211:islet cell antibody