title: Induction of hepatic cytochrome P-450 and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in rats gavaged with an Alberta crude oil.
abstract: Changes in body weight gain and in biochemical parameters of blood and liver were assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats after multiple oral administration of three test doses of an Alberta crude oil (ACO). Rats treated with ACO (1.25-5 ml/kg) did not show statistically significant (p greater than .05) differences from control, corn-oil treated (5 ml/kg) rats, in body weight gains, liver weight, and blood biochemical indicators of liver (alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase), kidney (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine), and erythrocyte (adenosine 5'-triphosphate, 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid, reduced glutathione) cytotoxicity. Treatment with ACO, however, caused statistically significant (p less than .05) and dose-related increases from control in (1) microsomal protein and cytochrome P-450 content, and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), and 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (7-ECOD) activities, and (2) cytosolic glutathione transferase activity of liver. The induction of hepatic cytochrome P-450 and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in microsomes of ACO-treated rats was probably associated with dose-related changes in isozymic forms of cytochrome P-450, as evidenced by (1) appearance of a 448-nm spectral peak in microsomes of ACO-treated rats and (2) differences in the inhibition pattern of AHH and 7-ECOD activities in microsomes of control and ACO-treated rats upon treatment with metyrapone and 7,8-benzoflavone.
authors.affiliation: Animal Sciences Division, Alberta Environmental Centre, Vegreville, Canada.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Coppock
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Schuler
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Lillie
mesh_terms: D015660:7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010578:Petroleum / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D015660:7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase