title: Intraspinal opioids: implications for monitoring. Monitoring in the intensive care unit is essential.
abstract: Patients receiving intraspinal opiates should be monitored in the intensive care unit for at least 24 hours to prevent potentially lethal outcomes. These include respiratory depression caused by sequestration of the morphine in the cerebrospinal fluid and migration of epidural catheters in the subarachnoid or intravascular space. At this time, most hospitals are not equipped or staffed adequately to guarantee the safety of these patients outside the intensive care unit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: LaPorta
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid