Induction of hepatocellular carcinoma in nonhuman primates by chemical carcinogens.
Several compounds were evaluated in nonhuman primates for their potential to induce neoplasms, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The compounds can be classified into three groups: food contaminants, model rodent carcinogens, and nitrosamines. All three compounds in the food contaminants group, namely, aflatoxin B1, sterigmatocystin, and methylazoxymethanol acetate, induced HCC. None of the model rodent carcinogens tested consistently induced HCC in rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. Three of four nitrosamines evaluated induced HCC in rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. One nitrosamine, diethylnitrosamine, is a predictable and potent inducer of HCC and is useful for establishment of a nonhuman primate model for numerous oncologic studies.
Adamson
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Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene; D000348:Aflatoxins; D000818:Animals; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000009:adverse effects; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005503:Food Additives / Q000009:adverse effects; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008746:Methylazoxymethanol Acetate; D008749:Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene; D009602:Nitrosamines; D013241:Sterigmatocystin; D014520:Urethane; D004124:p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
D000348:Aflatoxins; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005503:Food Additives; D009602:Nitrosamines; D013241:Sterigmatocystin; D014520:Urethane; D008749:Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene; D008746:Methylazoxymethanol Acetate; D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene; D004124:p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene