title: The effects of posture changes on blood pressure and heart rate of anesthetized and reserpinized sloths.
abstract: 1. Tilting sloths anesthetized with chloralose from erect to supine or supine to erect produced little or no effect on heart rate. 2. Tilting anesthetized sloths from erect to supine increased both systolic and diastolic pressures significantly and by about the same amounts. The maximum effect was produced in 20 sec. 3. Pressures stabilized at a higher level than in the erect posture but below the maximum reached in tilting. 4. Tilting these sloths from the supine to the erect posture resulted in a rapid (20 sec) and dramatic fall in pressures to below the initial erect pressure levels. Return to initial erect levels took place slowly. 5. Tilting reserpinized sloths from erect to supine or supine to erect produced little or no effect on heart rate. 6. Tilting reserpinized sloths from erect to supine increased both systolic and diastolic pressures materially and by similar amounts. The maximum effect took 50 sec. 7. Pressures stabilized at higher levels than in the erect posture but less than maximum reached with tilting. 8. Tilting these sloths from supine to erect caused significant falls in pressure to slightly below the initial erect pressure, with maximum effect reached in 30 sec and eventual return to control level. 9. Pressure changes were almost entirely the result of altered venous return. 10. Neither chloralose nor reserpine completely blocked vascular control but reduced it materially.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Huggins
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Da Costa
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Leal
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002698:Chloralose; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012110:Reserpine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012896:Sloths / Q000502:physiology*; D004490:Xenarthra / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002698:Chloralose; D012110:Reserpine