title: Respiratory depression and spinal opioids.
abstract: Administration of epidural and intrathecal opioids may provide excellent postoperative analgesia, but a minority of patients will suffer dangerous respiratory depression. This review discusses the detection and measurement of respiratory depression and summarizes the relevant literature as it pertains to epidural and intrathecal opioid administration. The respiratory depressant effects and pharmacokinetics of spinal opioids are reviewed. The clinical implications and areas of future investigation are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Toronto General Hospital, Ontario.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Etches
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Daley
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid