title: Neural reflex of the canine pylorus to intraduodenal acid infusion.
abstract: In 29 chloralose-urethane anesthetized dogs, a manometric assembly was inserted through a gastrostomy to monitor pressure of the pyloric region with a sleeve sensor. Antral and duodenal contractions were monitored with both manometric sideholes and serosal strain gauges. An additional tube channel allowed intraduodenal infusions 1-2 cm aborad from the pylorus. Intraluminal infusion of hydrochloric acid (0.1 N, 0.92 ml/min, for 2 min) reproducibly caused activation of motor activity in the pyloric region and peristaltic duodenal activity. Proximal duodenal activity probably contributed to the total phasic response recorded in the pylorus region. Excitatory responses could also be elicited by infusion of phenyl-biguanide (stimulant of sensory nerve endings), but not by control infusions with diluent (Krebs' buffer or saline). The motor response of the pyloric region to intraduodenal acid was blocked by intraduodenal application of 2% xylocaine. Atropine (30 micrograms/kg i.v. and 100 micrograms i.a.) or hexamethonium (10 mg/kg and 1 mg i.a.) markedly reduced or blocked the acid-induced pyloric motor response of this region but propranolol (1.0 mg/kg i.v. and 100 micrograms i.a.), phentolamine (1.5 mg/kg i.v. and 100 micrograms i.a.), or naloxone (200 micrograms/kg and 20 micrograms i.a.) had no effect. We believe these observations show the existence of a reflex from the duodenum to the pylorus in response to intraluminal stimuli mediated by a chain of cholinergic nerves. In the dog, endogenous opioid peptides do not contribute to the excitatory reflex pathway activated by intraduodenal acid or phenyl-biguanide. As intraluminal acid in the duodenum activates this reflex, it may play a role in the physiologic and pathophysiologic role of gastric emptying in this species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Allescher
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kostolanska
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000502:physiology; D018738:Hexamethonium; D006584:Hexamethonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000502:physiology; D011708:Pylorus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D012018:Reflex; D013565:Sympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D006584:Hexamethonium Compounds; D013565:Sympatholytics; D009270:Naloxone; D018738:Hexamethonium; D001285:Atropine; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid