Mammalian phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C isoenzymes.
Procaryotic and eucaryotic cells have evolved multiple pathways for communication with their external environment. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/diacylglycerol second messenger system is an example of such a signal transduction pathway which is present in multicellular eucaryotic organisms. Binding of an agonist to a specific cell surface receptor promotes rapid hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. The pivotal enzyme for this second messenger system is phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C which hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to generate the two second messengers, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. Recently, much progress has been made in the purification, characterization and cDNA cloning of multiple PI-PLC isoenzymes. The results of the recent studies on phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C are reviewed.
Crooke
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ST
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Smith Kline & French Laboratories, Pennsylvania.
Bennett
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CF
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D015290:Second Messenger Systems; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*
D007527:Isoenzymes; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D002118:Calcium