title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone-induced differentiation in cultured rat granulosa cells.
abstract: We have investigated the effects of TNF-alpha on FSH-induced LH receptor expression, cAMP and progesterone production in cultured rat granulosa cells. TNF-alpha (0.5-100 ng/ml) inhibits the stimulating action of FSH on LH receptor formation in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 1 ng/ml and an almost complete suppression of LH receptor induction for 50-100 ng/ml TNF-alpha. The inhibitory effect of TNF-alpha is not due to variations in cell number or viability but rather to a reduction of the LH receptor content per cell with no change in binding affinity (KD = 0.8 x 10(-10)M). TNF-alpha also inhibits the FSH-induced cAMP production but at a lower extent, with a maximum reduction of 60% for 100 ng/ml TNF-alpha. Moreover, TNF-alpha impairs the LH receptor formation induced by forskolin, cholera toxin or 8-Bromo-cAMP, indicating that the cytokine also acts at a step distal to FSH receptor and to cAMP formation. Finally, TNF-alpha decreases dramatically the progesterone synthesis that is stimulated by FSH, with a reduction to undetectable levels on and after 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha. These results suggest that TNF-alpha may drastically reduce the capacity of granulosa cells to differentiate upon FSH stimulation and to respond to LH during the physiological ovarian follicular maturation. Such anti-gonadotropic action of TNF-alpha on granulosa cell differentiation may be also relevant to the alteration of ovarian function during physiopathological processes like inflammatory or infection diseases.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U168, Department of Endocrinology, CHU Rangueil, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Darbon
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oury
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laredo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bayard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D011374:Progesterone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D011967:Receptors, Gonadotropin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011967:Receptors, Gonadotropin; D011974:Receptors, LH; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005576:Colforsin; D011374:Progesterone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D000242:Cyclic AMP