title: Laparoscopy and Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy in the management of the impalpable testis.
abstract: In children with an impalpable testis, laparoscopy is a valuable procedure that can be used in conjunction with inguinal and abdominal exploration to localize the testis. The instrumentation and technique of laparoscopy are described. If the testis is intra-abdominal, a Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy often is successful. Staging the Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy, with preliminary ligation of the testicular vessels in situ, followed 6 months later with transection of the vessels and orchiopexy, may improve the success of this technique by allowing collateral arterial flow to develop with minimal risk of arterial spasm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Elder
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D020706:Laparoscopes; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D010173:Palpation