title: Two phases of contractile response in rat isolated vas deferens and their regulation by adenosine and alpha-receptors.
abstract: Contractions to transmural electrical stimulation and exogenous norepinephrine were recorded in isolated longitudinal segments of rat vas deferens. Electrical stimulation for 30 s produced a biphasic contraction in the vas deferens consisting of a rapid, transient response (Phase I), followed by a slowly developing, sustained contraction (Phase II). N6-Cyclohexyladenosine (CHA), a selective adenosine1 (A1)-receptor agonist, attenuated in a concentration-dependent manner the Phase I contractile response, while having little effect on the Phase II response. In contrast, 2-(phenylamino)adenosine (CV-1808), a selective adenosine2 (A2)-receptor agonist had little effect on either contractile phase. CHA did not inhibit the contraction to exogenous norepinephrine, suggesting that A1-receptors were located at a presynaptic site. The relatively selective alpha 2-receptor agonist clonidine produced the same pattern of contractile inhibition as CHA. The inhibitory effect of CHA on the Phase I contractile response in the vas deferens could be antagonized by the selective A1-receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyltheophylline, while the selective alpha 2-receptor antagonist idazoxan preferentially antagonized the inhibitory effect of clonidine on the Phase I response. Both the Phase I and Phase II contractile responses were reduced by the selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin and the ATP analog alpha, beta-methylene adenosine triphosphate (alpha, beta-methylene ATP), suggesting that norepinephrine and ATP are coreleased as neurotransmitters for both responses. The results of the present study demonstrate that in the rat vas deferens the presynaptic inhibitory effects of adenosine is mediated by the A1-receptor subtype, and that both A1- and alpha 2-receptor agonists exert a selective inhibitory effect on the Phase I contractile response to electrical stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research Division, Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Major
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Weishaar
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000502:physiology*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000241:Adenosine; D009638:Norepinephrine