title: [Oncogenes in human gastric carcinoma].
abstract: Alteration of oncogene and loss of chromosomal heterozygosity are infrequent in human gastric carcinoma compared with those in other gastrointestinal carcinomas. Amplification of c-erbB-2 gene is observed in well differentiated adenocarcinoma, while sam gene is found in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or scirrhous carcinoma. sam gene, which was isolated from a gastric cancer cell line KATO-III by a DNA renaturation method, encodes tyrosine-specific protein kinase domain. A good correlation evidently exists between the synchronous expression of TGF alpha and ras p21 and biological malignancy of gastric carcinoma. c-myc and c-fos proteins are found not only in tumor cells but also in stromal cells including macrophages and fibroblast around the tumors. The prognosis of patients with c-myc p 62-positive stromal cells is significantly better than that of patient with p 62-negative stromal cells. Coamplification of the hst-1 gene and int-2 is observed in 50% of primary tumors and all metastatic tumors of esophageal carcinoma. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique seems to be useful for the detection of oncogene point mutation in human gastric carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pathology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tahara
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002293:Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics; D005784:Gene Amplification; D011905:Genes, ras; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009857:Oncogenes; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors; C501009:HRAS protein, human; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)