A critical review of NMR imaging and spectroscopy for the evaluation of cardiac hypertrophy in humans and experimental animals.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a product of modern technology and of great value for the noninvasive evaluation of cardiac hypertrophy. Among image diagnosis methodologies, 1H-magnetic resonance imaging is clinically available for exact visualization of the hypertrophic portion in the ventricular wall or septum. 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy is also promising for the evaluation of muscle energetics or intracellular environments. Various pitfalls that might be encountered in clinical or basic studies with NMR and desirable directions to be developed are described to make the modality more feasible for the evaluation of cardiac hypertrophy in humans and/or experimental animals.
Toyo-oka
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Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D010758:Phosphorus; D011522:Protons
D011522:Protons; D010758:Phosphorus