title: Formation of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide enhanced by trinitrotoluene in rat liver, brain, kidney, and testicle in vitro and monkey liver in vivo.
abstract: Trinitrotoluene (TNT) increased the formation of adrenochrome from adrenaline and the formation of formaldehyde from methanol in rat liver mitochondria and microsomes in vitro as well as in monkey liver mitochondria and microsomes in vivo. The effects were more prominent at higher TNT concentrations. These findings indicate that TNT enhances the production of superoxide radicals (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The production of O2 was more prominent in systems containing added TNT than in those containing added benzyl viologen. H2O2 production by mitochondria was more pronounced in the liver than in other organs, but its production by microsomes was more pronounced in the brain than in other organs. The results suggest that TNT undergoes cycling reduction which produces oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Beijing Medical University, China.
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Q G
authors.initials: QG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Q S
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008861:Microsomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013481:Superoxides; D014303:Trinitrotoluene; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide