title: Activation of HIV LTR-directed expression: analysis with pseudorabies virus immediate early gene.
abstract: The long terminal repeat (LTR) region of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), which regulates viral gene expression, is modulated by viral trans-acting proteins of HIV and DNA viruses and by biologically active chemical agents that induce cellular proliferation and/or differentiation. The pseudorabies virus immediate early gene (PIE) shares similar transcriptional trans-activating properties with the gene products of several other DNA viruses. The transient expression chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) assays in HeLa cells transfected with HIV long terminal repeat (LTR)-CAT and PIE plasmids demonstrated trans-activation of the HIV LTR by PIE. Analyses of 5' deletion mutants and site-directed Sp1 and transactivation responsive (TAR) region mutants of the LTR indicated PIE-responsive sequences located between -65 and -17. Synergistic cooperativity between PIE and the HIV-1 tat protein was demonstrated. PIE exhibited a marked stimulatory effect upon HIV replication in HeLa cells transfected with a biologically active HIV proviral DNA. These data provide evidence that, like a number of other DNA containing viruses, PRV can trans-activate HIV gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bohan
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Shiao
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006678:HIV / Q000235:genetics*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000235:genetics*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors; D014764:Viral Proteins