title: Epidemiological observation of coxsackieviruses group B in sewage.
abstract: Different types of coxsackieviruses group B were isolated from the sewage consecutively annually from January 1982 to March 1987: type 3 in 1982, type 4 in 1983, type 2, 4 and 5 in 1984, type 3 in 1985, and type 4 in 1986 were found. These viruses caused large epidemics among children aged 1 to 4 and proximities. Herald waves for the epidemics were observed six times during this period, and the viruses were detected in a brief period of isolation. With respect to the periodicity of these viruses, the cycles for types 3 and 4 were 2 to 3 years, and longer cycles seemed to be exhibited by types 1, 2, and 5. The onset and termination of the epidemics will only be grasped by surveys throughout the year. HEp-2 cells exhibited the best sensitivity to the viruses.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishii
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012722:Sewage; D013997:Time Factors; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012722:Sewage