Syncytium formation by recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying bovine parainfluenza 3 virus envelope protein genes.
The highly syncytium-inducing M strain and the weakly syncytium-inducing SC strain of bovine parainfluenza 3 virus differ by a single amino acid substitution in each of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and membrane (M) proteins, while their fusion (F) proteins are identical (T. Shioda, S. Wakao, S. Suzu, and H. Shibuta, Virology 162:388-396, 1988). We constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses which express separately the M virus HN (Vac-MHN), SC virus HN (Vac-SCHN), M virus M (Vac-MM), SC virus M (Vac-SCM), and common F (Vac-F) proteins. CV-1 cells were infected with the recombinants, singly or in combination, and implanted onto indicator MDBK cells for syncytium formation. Combinations of Vac-MHN plus Vac-F and Vac-SCHN plus Vac-F induced extensive and weak syncytium formation, respectively. Vac-F alone did not induce syncytium formation, and both Vac-MM and Vac-SCM had no effect on syncytium formation. These findings indicated that the syncytium formation by bovine parainfluenza 3 virus requires both the F and HN proteins and that the extensive syncytium formation by the M virus is due to the M virus HN protein. MSC, another weakly syncytium-inducing virus variant, newly isolated from the M virus, was identical to the M virus in the primary structure of the HN and M proteins but differed from the M virus by a single amino acid residue in the F protein. The combination of the recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the MSC virus F protein and Vac-MHN resulted in weak syncytium formation.
Sakai
Y
Y
Department of Viral Infection, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Shibuta
H
H
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D018108:Respirovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
D000596:Amino Acids; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D007106:Immune Sera; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D009439:Neuraminidase