Effects of inflammation on copper antioxidant enzyme levels.
Inflammation increases plasma levels of ceruloplasmin, a copper protein with possible antioxidant function. This paper describes modulation of these increases by copper intake, and describes combined effects of inflammation and copper intake on Cu-Zn and extracellular (EC) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Turpentine injections in rats fed 1 of 4 copper levels increased ceruloplasmin activities, but values were sensitively limited by copper intake. Cu-Zn SOD activities in the liver, but not in erythrocytes or lungs, were reduced by inflammation in each dietary copper group. Inflammation in rats fed a standard mixed feed diet reduced plasma EC superoxide dismutase activities measured by inhibition of pyrogallol autoxidation. Different results were obtained with 3 xanthine oxidase based SOD assays which were each subject to assay interference. Studies in humans found a group of rheumatoid arthritis patients to possess relatively low erythrocyte SOD and relatively high ceruloplasmin activities. Activity levels of SOD, but not of ceruloplasmin, increased after 4 weeks of copper supplementation (2 mg/day). The fate of cellular Cu-Zn SOD activity contents in inflamed tissues is largely uninvestigated. However, interleukin-1, a hormone released at inflammation sites, elevated Cu-Zn SOD activities in cultured fibroblasts.
DiSilvestro
R A
RA
Department of Foods & Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D009928:Organ Specificity; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism
D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D003300:Copper; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; D015032:Zinc