title: Chromium (V) and hydroxyl radical formation during the glutathione reductase-catalyzed reduction of chromium (VI).
abstract: Electron spin resonance measurements provide evidence for the formation of long-lived Cr(V) intermediates in the reduction of Cr(VI) by glutathione reductase in the presence of NADPH and for the hydroxyl radical formation during the glutathione reductase catalyzed reduction of Cr(VI). Hydrogen peroxide suppresses Cr(V) and enhances the formation of hydroxyl radicals. Thus Cr(V) intermediates catalyze generation of hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide through a Fenton-like reaction. Thus the mechanism of Cr(VI) toxicity might involve the interaction between macromolecules and the hydroxyl radicals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University Morgantown 26506.
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Dalal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002857:Chromium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005609:Free Radicals; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D006878:Hydroxides; D002857:Chromium; D009249:NADP; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005980:Glutathione Reductase