title: Anorectal varices, haemorrhoids, and portal hypertension.
abstract: In a prospective study of 100 consecutive patients with cirrhosis, 44% had anorectal varices. The prevalence of anorectal varices rose with progression of portal hypertension; it was 19% in cirrhotic patients without portal hypertension compared with 59% in those who had bled from oesophageal varices. There was no evidence that endoscopic sclerotherapy directly increased the prevalence of anorectal varices. Haemorrhoids occurred independently of anorectal varices and their presence was unrelated to the degree of portal hypertension. These data provide further evidence that haemorrhoids and anorectal varices are separate and distinct entities. However, both can bleed and careful examination is essential to prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hosking
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Smart
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Triger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000098:blood supply*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000150:complications*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012007:Rectum / Q000098:blood supply*; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D013997:Time Factors; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology*