title: Cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompromised guinea pigs: a model for testing antiviral agents in vivo.
abstract: An experimental model for testing antiviral agents against severe cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompromised hosts was developed. The model consisted of cyclophosphamide (Cy) treatment of CMV-infected guinea pigs to simulate CMV infection in immunodeficient individuals. Of the 3 Cy regimens tested, a single 300 mg/kg dose administered one day after virus inoculation resulted in the most severe CMV infection considering mortality rates, mean day of death and loss of body weight. Evaluation of responses to both T and B cell mitogens suggested that the severe and lethal CMV infection resulted from the combined immunosuppressive effect of Cy and CMV. The nucleoside analog [9-(1-3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) was used to assess the usefulness of the CMV-infected immunocompromised host model. DHPG (100 mg/kg/day for 8 days) prevented death but did not reduce virus infectivity titers in blood of Cy-treated, CMV-infected guinea pigs. This model of CMV infection in immunocompromised guinea pig is a relevant and convenient experimental tool for the assessment of candidate anti-CMV agents under well-defined experimental conditions, such as appropriate CMV inoculum and Cy regimen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Aquino-de Jesus
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Griffith
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D003208:Concanavalin A; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D015774:Ganciclovir