Diuretic effect of bremazocine, a kappa-opioid with central and peripheral sites of action.
Intracerebroventricular or i.p. injections of bremazocine produced a dose-dependent diuretic response and increased glomerular filtration rate in hydrated as well as in nonhydrated rats. The potency and magnitude of the bremazocine-induced diuresis were more pronounced in the nonhydrated group of rats. That bremazocine has a central component of action is deduced from the fact that 0.1 microgram of the opioid administered centrally caused a significant increase in urine output; proportionally, larger doses of bremazocine were required to produce the same diuretic effect when the drug was administered parenterally. Bremazocine did not change the total amount of urinary Na+ and K+ as compared to the saline controls; it increased significantly the free water clearance. The bremazocine-induced diuresis was antagonized in a competitive fashion by 10 mg/kg of naloxone giving further support to the notion that the mechanism of action of bremazocine involves activation of kappa-opioid receptors. Bremazocine injected i.v. to nonanesthetized rats increased mean systemic blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner; the pressor action of the opiate was blocked and prevented by 1 mg/kg of naloxone. In contrast, i.c.v. administration of bremazocine did not change mean systemic blood pressure but produced a dose-related increase in urine output. To determine whether in addition to a central site bremazocine also activates a renal mechanism, experiments were performed in the isolated perfused rat kidney. Bremazocine (0.15-2.5 microM) caused a dose-dependent diuretic response and a significant rise in perfusion pressure as well as in glomerular filtration rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Salas
S P
SP
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago.
Roblero
J
J
Ureta
H
H
Huidobro-Toro
J P
JP
D000818:Animals; D001575:Benzomorphans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007671:Kidney Concentrating Ability / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009019:Morphinans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000187:drug effects*; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000187:drug effects
D001575:Benzomorphans; D009019:Morphinans; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D009270:Naloxone; D009020:Morphine; C027248:bremazocine