title: Effect of 2'-nor-cyclic GMP against guinea pig cytomegalovirus infection.
abstract: Cyclic phosphate derivative of DHPG, 2'-nor-cGMP [9-[(2-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl)oxymethyl]-guani ne phosphate-oxide] was evaluated for activity against guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) infection in cultured guinea pig embryo cells and in guinea pigs. By virus yield reduction and plaque reduction assays, 2'-nor-cGMP was demonstrated to be 15- to 20-fold more potent against GPCMV infection than its parental drug DHPG. The selectivity index of 2-nor-cGMP was 110, which was 10-fold higher than that of DHPG. In cultured cells, 2'-nor-cGMP attained maximal antiviral activity when added to the cells within 12 h postinfection. In the studies on GPCMV infection in guinea pigs, 2'-nor-cGMP administered subcutaneously once daily (5 mg/kg per day) for 8 days, starting 24 after virus inoculation, significantly suppressed GPCMV infectivity titers in the blood, spleen, lung, and salivary gland during acute infection (10 days postinfection) as compared with sham-treated infected animals. A greater reduction of GPCMV infectivity titers in the salivary gland was noted during chronic infection (i.e., 24 days postinfection). Clinically, splenomegaly and peripheral lymphocytosis were significantly modified as compared with the sham-treated animals (P less than 0.05). The drug, administered at this dosage, was reasonably tolerated by the guinea pigs and showed clinical benefit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lucia
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Tolman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Colonno
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Hsiung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011247:Pregnancy; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D006147:Guanine; C045511:9-((2-hydroxy-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-5-yl)oxymethyl)guanine P-oxide