title: Propionate induces cell swelling and K+ accumulation in shark rectal gland.
abstract: Small organic anions have been reported to induce cell solute accumulation and swelling. To investigate the mechanism of swelling, we utilized preparations of rectal gland cells from Squalus acanthias incubated in medium containing propionate. Propionate causes cells to swell by diffusing across membranes in its nonionic form, acidifying cell contents, and activating the Na+-H+ antiporter. The Na+-H+ exchange process tends to correct intracellular pH (pHi), and thus it maintains a favorable gradient for propionic acid diffusion and allows propionate to accumulate. Activation of the Na+-H+ antiport also facilitates Na+ entry into the cell and Nai accumulation. At the same time Na+-K+-ATPase activity, unaffected by propionate, replaces Nai with Ki, whereas the K+ leak rate, decreased by propionate, allows Ki to accumulate. As judged by 86Rb+ efflux, the reduction in K+ leak was not due to propionate-induced cell acidification or reduction in Cli concentration. Despite inducing cell swelling, propionate did not disrupt cell structural elements and F actin distribution along cell membranes.
authors.affiliation: Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salsbury Cove, Maine 04672.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Ziyadeh
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Booz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kleinzeller
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000584:Amiloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004284:Dogfish; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011422:Propionates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012413:Rubidium / Q000378:metabolism; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes; D012491:Salt Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D011422:Propionates; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D010042:Ouabain; D000584:Amiloride; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D012413:Rubidium; D011188:Potassium