title: Sodium regulation of alpha 2-adrenoreceptors in Dahl rats. Effect of feeding a low or high salt diet.
abstract: Sodium regulation of alpha 2-adrenoreceptors was investigated in inbred salt-sensitive (S) and inbred salt-resistant (R) rats fed a high or low salt diet. The systolic blood pressure was higher in S rats than in R rats, and this difference was obviously greater on a high salt diet. In rats fed a low or high salt diet, S rats had higher alpha 2-adrenoreceptor density in the kidneys compared with R rats as measured by [3H]yohimbine binding and Scatchard analysis. The affinity of the receptors in the kidney for the antagonist, yohimbine, was nearly the same in these two strains either on a low or high salt diet. In the brain, the affinities or the numbers of receptors were not significantly different whether these two strains were fed a low or high salt diet. Inclusion of NaCl up to 80 mM in the assay medium did not alter the in vitro binding of [3H]yohimbine in the kidney or brain. On the other hand, inclusion of NaCl in the assay medium reduced the ability of epinephrine in competing with [3H]yohimbine for the receptor sites in the kidney and in the brain, and this effect of NaCl was the same in a given tissue between S and R rats, whether they were fed a low or high salt diet. These results suggest that: (1) in the kidneys, the receptor density and not the receptor affinity was different between S and R strains whether they were fed a low or high salt diet; (2) in the brain, the receptor density and affinity were the same between S and R rats regardless of the diet (low or high salt), indicating that the sodium salt diet modulates the peripheral but not the central alpha 2-adrenoreceptors; and this modulatory effect was observed only in S rats; (3) Na+ was able to reduce the affinity of the agonist (epinephrine) for the receptors in both S and R rats, and this effect of Na+ on central and peripheral alpha 2-adrenoreceptors was similar in prehypertensive rats and rats with salt-induced hypertension; and (4) the resistance of R rats to salt-induced hypertension was not due to the absence of Na+ binding component involved in the regulation of alpha 2-adrenoreceptor-adenylate cyclase complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43699.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Periyasamy
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rapp
mesh_terms: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D015016:Yohimbine; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D004837:Epinephrine