title: Famotidine therapy for active duodenal ulcers. A multivariate analysis of factors affecting early healing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors that influence the rate of healing of duodenal ulcers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A stepwise multivariable statistical analysis of patients with duodenal ulcer in a multicenter, prospective, open-label study. Healing was assessed by endoscopy at 4 or 8 weeks. Antacid use and symptoms were recorded in a daily diary.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 135 patients, ages 19 to 86, 50% had a previous duodenal ulcer, 46.7% smoked, and 34.8% had melena or hematemesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Famotidine, 40 mg orally, at bedtime for 4 or 8 weeks depending on endoscopic evaluation of ulcer healing. Limited antacid use was permitted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Office practices, hospital practices, and university-based medical centers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariable analysis identified five independent predictors present at the time of diagnosis that influenced ulcer healing. The odds of not healing for each risk factor after simultaneous adjustment of the other risk factors were as follows: alcohol use, 6.5 (CI, 2.0 to 20.7, P less than 0.002); ulcer size greater than 10 mm, 4.2 (CI, 1.5 to 11.6, P less than 0.005), bleeding symptoms. 3.5 (CI, 1.2 to 10.2, P less than 0.03); and a previous duodenal ulcer, 3.1 (CI, 1.05 to 9.0, P less than 0.04). The use of salicylates or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before treatment was associated with an improved odds of healing (adjusted odds ratio, 0.2; CI, 0.1 to 0.9, P less than 0.04). The percentage of patients achieving complete ulcer healing after 4 weeks of famotidine decreased inversely with the number of risk factors present, ulcer size, and the quantity of daily alcohol use (P less than 0.001). Fewer than half of those patients who still had severe pain at day 7 achieved healing at 4 weeks (P less than 0.001). In contrast, smoking and 23 other factors had no statistically discernible effect on ulcer healing with famotidine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Five variables present at the time of diagnosis independently influenced the rate of ulcer healing at 4 weeks: alcohol use, ulcer size, bleeding symptoms, a previous duodenal ulcer, and previous use of salicylates or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Reynolds
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004384:Duodenoscopy; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D015738:Famotidine; D005260:Female; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D013844:Thiazoles; D015738:Famotidine