title: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to harvest circulating haemopoietic stem cells for autotransplantation.
abstract: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), given to accelerate recovery from cytopenia induced by high-dose (7 g/m2) cyclophosphamide, reproducibly brought about a dramatic increase (up to 1000-fold) in the number of peripheral blood granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM). These circulating progenitors were harvested by leucapheresis and reinfused, together with autologous bone marrow cells, in seven patients with cancer after total body irradiation and melphalan. Complete haemopoietic recovery occurred in all seven transplanted patients in a very short time: mean (SD) 9.1 (0.9) days (range 8-11) to achieve more than 0.5 x 10(9)/l neutrophils, 9.9 (1.7) days (range 8-13) to over 1 x 10(9)/l neutrophils, 10.7 (2.6) days (range 9-16) to over 0.5 x 10(11)/l platelets, and 13.6 (4.2) days (range 13-21) to over 1.0 x 10(11)/l platelets. A reduction in the severity of mucositis was also observed. The rapid haematological recovery made possible by this approach promises to increase the therapeutic index of high-dose chemoradiotherapy regimens and to widen their role as treatment for chemoradiosensitive tumours.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Cristina Gandini Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gianni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siena
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bregni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tarella
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pileri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bonadonna
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007937:Leukapheresis / Q000379:methods*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils; D010976:Platelet Count; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D003520:Cyclophosphamide