title: Characterization and presynaptic modulation of stimulation-evoked exocytotic co-release of noradrenaline and neuropeptide Y in guinea pig heart.
abstract: The relationship between noradrenaline and neuropeptide Y (NPY) release was investigated in the in situ perfused guinea pig heart with intact sympathetic innervation. For determination of NPY concentrations in the perfusate, a specific radioimmunoassay was employed and further characterized. Electrical stimulation of the left stellate ganglion (4, 8, 12, and 50 Hz; for 10 min) evoked a calcium-dependent and frequency-related overflow of noradrenaline and NPY, which was positively correlated (r = 0.83; p less than 0.001; n = 25). When two subsequent stimulations (12 Hz; each for 1 min) were performed in the same heart, addition of noradrenaline (10 microM) 5 min prior to the second stimulation reduced NPY overflow by 43 +/- 10%. The stimulated release of noradrenaline and NPY was increased by the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (1 microM) to 170 +/- 10% and 199 +/- 26%, and attenuated by the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist B-HT 920 (1 microM) to 70 +/- 9% and 68 +/- 9%, respectively. The adenosine analogue cyclohexyladenosine (1 microM) significantly reduced the stimulated overflow of both noradrenaline (to 57 +/- 5%) and NPY (to 73 +/- 8%). Exogenous NPY (100 nM) attenuated the stimulated overflow of noradrenaline by 30 +/- 6%. Uptake1 blockade with desipramine (100 nM) or nisoxetine (100 nM) prior to the second stimulation significantly increased noradrenaline overflow and attenuated that of NPY; the attenuation of the stimulation-evoked overflow of NPY was abolished by yohimbine (1 microM). Our results indicate that electrical stimulation induces a calcium-dependent, exocytotic co-release of noradrenaline and NPY.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haass
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Richardt
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schömig
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D003891:Desipramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000378:metabolism*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D001381:Azepines; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D015016:Yohimbine; C027513:N(6)-cyclohexyladenosine; C024763:talipexole; D000241:Adenosine; D002118:Calcium; D003891:Desipramine; D009638:Norepinephrine