title: Graded neuropsychological impairment and elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase in chronic alcoholic men.
abstract: This study hypothesizes that distinct biochemical and metabolic disturbances associated with liver injury may be related to specific cognitive changes in alcoholics. In 132 alcoholic men admitted to an alcohol treatment program, increases in gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) values were correlated with impairment in several measures of visuoperceptual and visuoconceptual functioning. The association between plasma levels of GGT and neuropsychological performance was independent of the relative contribution of other laboratory measures of liver injury and of alcohol consumption histories. These observations support the hypothesis that elevated levels of GGT are distinctly associated with neuropsychological deficits and suggest that possible mechanisms beyond severe hepatic dysfunction and alcohol consumption underlie cognitive deficits in alcoholics.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Center for Research on Alcoholism, San Diego Veterans Administration Medical Center, La Jolla, CA 92161.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irwin
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Butters
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schuckit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014888:Wechsler Scales; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase