title: Glutaminase inhibition and the release of neurotransmitter glutamate from synaptosomes.
abstract: Cerebrocortical synaptosomes were incubated with glutamine together with 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) and NH4Cl (which are known to inhibit phosphate-stimulated glutaminase) in order to assess the effect of such inhibition on the pool sizes and extent of evoked release of endogenous amino acids, particularly glutamate. DON (5 mM) inhibited glutaminase by 73-89% and NH4Cl (1-4 mM) inhibited the enzyme by 45-53% under the conditions employed. NH4Cl (4 mM) incubated with synaptosomes for 30 min reduced pool sizes of aspartate and glutamate by 28% and inhibited release of glutamate by 55% compared to control release. DON caused a decrease in both the pool size of glutamate (22%) and the extent of veratrine-evoked release of amino acids (21%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, U.K.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Bradford
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Foley
mesh_terms: D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003980:Diazooxonorleucine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005972:Glutaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005971:Glutamates; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D003980:Diazooxonorleucine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005972:Glutaminase