title: Duck hepatitis B virus can tolerate insertion, deletion, and partial frameshift mutation in the distal pre-S region.
abstract: In-frame and frameshift mutations were introduced into the pre-S region (1,212 base pairs) of duck hepatitis B virus. The in-frame mutants retained the inserted 12 nucleotides, while the frameshift mutants either reverted to wild type or exhibited a 10-nucleotide compensatory deletion downstream of the original mutation site. Thus, although duck hepatitis B virus has a compact and highly economical genome organization, it can replicate despite alterations of up to 9 amino acid codons in the pre-S and P open reading frames.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur les Hepatites, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 271, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cova
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buckland
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deléage
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trépo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004372:Ducks; D005814:Genes, Viral; D015611:Hepatitis B Virus, Duck / Q000235:genetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010957:Plasmids; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004279:DNA, Viral