Comparison of monoclonal antibody time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay with monoclonal antibody capture-biotinylated detector enzyme immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus antigen detection.
An all-monoclonal antibody, time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay was compared with several enzyme immunoassays for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 1, 2, and 3 antigens in clinical specimens. The most sensitive enzyme immunoassay for parainfluenza virus type 1 was an all-monoclonal antibody assay with biotin-labeled detector antibody and streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate, but for respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus types 2 and 3 the most sensitive assay was a polyclonal antibody assay with horse capture antibodies and bovine or rabbit detector antibodies with anti-species peroxidase. All tests were evaluated with nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens from respiratory illnesses and with cell culture harvests of multiple strains of each virus isolated over many years. The time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay detected respiratory syncytial virus antigen in 92% of the specimens positive by culture, which was a decidedly higher sensitivity than either the monoclonal or polyclonal antibody enzyme immunoassay format (62 and 76%, respectively). For the parainfluenza viruses the time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay detected type-specific antigen in 94 to 100% of culture-positive specimens and again was more sensitive than the all-monoclonal antibody enzyme immunoassays (75 to 89%) or all-polyclonal antibody enzyme immunoassays (66 to 95%). Combined with results from a previously reported adenovirus time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay, these tests identified respiratory antigens in large numbers of clinical specimens.
Hierholzer
J C
JC
Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Bingham
P G
PG
Coombs
R A
RA
Johansson
K H
KH
Anderson
L J
LJ
Halonen
P E
PE
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D001710:Biotin; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018108:Respirovirus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D001710:Biotin