title: Effects of clonidine and dihydralazine on atrial natriuretic factor and cGMP in humans.
abstract: The effects of a 1-wk treatment with clonidine (75 micrograms/day twice a day) and dihydralazine (25 mg/day twice a day) on base-line levels of plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and plasma and urinary guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) and their changes by acute saline infusion (2 liters) in eight normal subjects were evaluated. Basal ANF was decreased to 65% in the clonidine group compared with both the control and dihydralazine groups. Volume loading increased plasma ANF levels by 30-40% of base-line values in the control and the dihydralazine groups and by 15% in the clonidine group. Basal plasma and urinary cGMP levels were raised by 30 and 90% in the dihydralazine group compared with both other groups. Volume loading increased plasma cGMP levels by 40% in the control and clonidine-treated groups and by 25% in the dihydralazine-treated group. It is concluded that ANF may contribute to hemodynamic effects of clonidine but not to those of dihydralazine. Dihydralazine increases plasma and urinary cGMP, supposedly by direct activation of the soluble guanylate cyclase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Munich, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wehling
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Heim
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Witzgall
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weil
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gerzer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood*; D003000:Clonidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine; D004078:Dihydralazine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006830:Hydralazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D008297:Male; D009318:Natriuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006830:Hydralazine; D000450:Aldosterone; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D012083:Renin; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D003000:Clonidine; D004078:Dihydralazine