title: Sex-related differences in theophylline pharmacokinetics.
abstract: Theophylline pharmacokinetic parameters were compared in healthy males and healthy premenopausal females who were matched for age and smoking status. Twenty-four subjects (including five smokers and seven non-smokers of each sex) received a single dose of aminophylline 6 mg.kg-1, orally or by intravenous infusion. Theophylline half-life was significantly shorter in female non-smokers (FNS) versus male non-smokers (MNS), (FNS = 6.0 h; MNS = 9.3 h), and in female smokers (FS) versus male smokers (MS), (FS = 4.6 h; MS = 6.3 h). Total body clearance was significantly different in FNS versus MNS, (FNS = 43.8 ml.min-1.-1(1.73) m-2; MNS = 37.4 ml.min-1.1.73 m-2), but did not reach statistical significance in FS vs. MS, (FS = 64.2 ml.min-1.1(-1).1.73 m-2; MS = 53.1 ml.min-1.1.73 m-2). Volume of distribution did not differ significantly between groups. Sex differences in theophylline pharmacokinetics exist and may reflect differences in drug metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital, Cooperstown, NY.
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Nafziger
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bertino
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000628:Aminophylline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism; D013806:Theophylline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000628:Aminophylline; D013806:Theophylline; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases