title: Inhaled cigarette smoke induces preneoplastic changes in rat tracheal epithelial cells.
abstract: Rats were exposed 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 5 weeks to levels of cigarette smoke designed to deposit amounts of particulate per gram of lung similar to those experienced by a heavy smoker. Tracheal epithelial cells were isolated and examined in culture for the presence of preneoplastic variants. Two- to three-fold increases in the frequency of variants were observed in cells isolated from smoke-exposed animals compared to those from air-exposed controls. These results provide an estimate of the frequency of cigarette smoke-induced initiation events in respiratory epithelium that will be useful in further defining the role of cigarette smoke in the development of lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87185.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Thomassen
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mauderly
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Griffith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012016:Reference Values; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D014134:Tracheal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke