title: Surgical implantation and biocompatibility of central nervous system auditory prostheses.
abstract: As part of a program to determine the feasibility of a CNS auditory prosthesis, the tissue reaction to electrodes chronically implanted in the cochlear nucleus (CN) of the guinea pig was examined. Varied open operative approaches and microelectrode designs were utilized. Silicon substrate thin film and platinum-iridium wire electrodes, tethered and untethered, were placed successfully in different divisions of the CN. Implantation through a posterior suboccipital approach was most successful. Histologic examinations demonstrated a glial cell proliferation confined to the area of the electrode track that never exceeded 15 microns in width. No neuronal loss or significant effect on cell morphology was seen, and reactive cells were absent. Electrode migration was apparent in a minority of animal preparations. Although potential problems were identified, our findings lend support to the feasibility of implanting a neuroprosthesis in the CN and have helped to establish methods for future studies of chronic intranuclear stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Niparko
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Altschuler
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wiler
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D003054:Cochlear Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008839:Microelectrodes; D010865:Pilot Projects; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials