title: Human scalp hair as evidence of individual dosage history of haloperidol: prospective study.
abstract: The concentration of haloperidol in hair was measured by radioimmunoassay after hairs were dissolved in 2.5 N NaOH solution and the drug was extracted. In patients to whom haloperidol had been administered at fixed daily doses for more than 1 month, and in whom therapy had been just discontinued (group A, n = 5) or the doses cut to half (group B, n = 3), hairs were collected when the dose was changed and at 1 and 2 or 3 months thereafter. A few strands of hair collected on each occasion were cut into 1-cm-long portions from the roots, and the haloperidol concentration was measured in each portion. When hairs were assumed to grow at a rate of 1-1.5 cm/month, the portion of hair that reflected the change of dose was observed to move upward along the hair length in all patients of group A. However, these phenomena were less obvious in group B. These results indicate that at the least, hair could serve as an indicator of individual exposure or nonexposure to haloperidol and could yield retrospective information. In rats whose hairs had been removed by plucking from an area on the back, either saline or 1 mg/kg of haloperidol (i.p., b.i.d.) was administered for 2 weeks (first period), followed by 0, 0.5, 1, or 2 mg/kg b.i.d. for the subsequent 2 weeks (second period). At the end of each period, hairs that had grown in the plucked area were collected. Within-groups, haloperidol levels in hairs collected at the end of each period corresponded to the doses given.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000032:analysis*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D006220:Haloperidol