Synthetic and natural Escherichia coli free lipid A express identical endotoxic activities.
The recently chemically synthesized Escherichia coli lipid A and the natural free lipid A of E. coli were compared with respect to their endotoxic activities in the following test systems: lethal toxicity, pyrogenicity, local Shwartzman reactivity, Limulus amoebocyte lysate gelation capacity, tumour necrotizing activity, B cell mitogenicity, induction of prostaglandin synthesis in macrophages, and antigenic specificity. It was found that synthetic and natural free lipid A exhibit identical activities and are indistinguishable in all tests.
Galanos
C
C
Lüderitz
O
O
Rietschel
E T
ET
Westphal
O
O
Brade
H
H
Brade
L
L
Freudenberg
M
M
Schade
U
U
Imoto
M
M
Yoshimura
H
H
D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004731:Endotoxins; D000939:Epitopes; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008033:Limulus Test; D008050:Lipid A / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008934:Mitogens; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011749:Pyrogens; D011817:Rabbits; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D012790:Shwartzman Phenomenon / Q000209:etiology
D004731:Endotoxins; D000939:Epitopes; D008050:Lipid A; D008934:Mitogens; D011453:Prostaglandins; D011749:Pyrogens