title: Sister-chromatid exchange studies on direct- and indirect-acting clastogens in mouse primary cell cultures.
abstract: An in vitro sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) assay using mouse primary bone marrow and spleen cells was conducted with both direct- and indirect-acting genotoxic agents. 2,4,7-Trinitrofluorenone, a direct-acting genotoxic agent, induced a significant dose-related increase in SCEs. In both bone marrow and spleen cells, 2.0 micrograms/ml caused an approx. 3-fold increase in SCE level over control values. Cyclophosphamide, an indirect-acting genotoxicant which requires metabolic activation for its clastogenicity, induced a significant increase in SCEs in the presence of S9 from liver of rats pretreated with Aroclor-1254. A dose of 2 micrograms/ml resulted in a 2-fold increase in bone marrow and a greater than 5-fold increase in spleen cells. Benzo[a]pyrene, another indirect-acting genotoxicant, also induced significant dose-related SCE responses in both cell types. It seems that primary bone marrow and spleen cell culture systems can detect both direct- and indirect-acting genotoxicants and may be useful for routine and/or comparative cytogenetic studies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6108.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Soler-Niedziela
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nath
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000494:pharmacology; D001711:Biotransformation; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D005449:Fluorenes; D009153:Mutagens; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; C005644:2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone