title: Clinical efficacy of xamoterol, a beta 1-adrenoceptor partial agonist, in mild to moderate heart failure. U.K. Xamoterol Study Group.
abstract: The clinical efficacy of xamoterol, alpha beta 1-adrenoceptor partial agonist, was determined in a multicentre double-blind, randomized, parallel group study of 240 patients with mild to moderate heart failure. At entry, 62% of patients were receiving diuretics (thiazides, or loop diuretics at a dose no greater than the equivalent of 80 mg of frusemide); 32% were taking nitrate formulations and 14% digoxin for control of atrial fibrillation. Assessments were carried out after a 1-week placebo run-in and after 3 months of treatment with either xamoterol or placebo. 198 patients completed the study of whom 186 had valid exercise tests. Mean exercise duration increased by 7% after placebo and by 19% after xamoterol during a progressive treadmill exercise protocol. Xamoterol significantly reduced peak exercise heart rate compared with placebo. Subjectively, there was improvement in breathlessness on the visual analogue scale after treatment with xamoterol compared with placebo, but no change in fatigue. We conclude that xamoterol produces sustained improvement in symptoms and exercise duration in mild to moderate heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacology Group, Southhampton General Hospital, U.K.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Bhalla
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wray
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011788:Quality of Life; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D017307:Xamoterol
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D011412:Propanolamines; D017307:Xamoterol