title: How do carriers of hemophilia experience prenatal diagnosis (PND)? Carriers' Immediate and later reactions to amniocentesis and fetal blood sampling.
abstract: A semistructured personal interview was performed with 29 carriers of hemophilia A or B, 1-5 years after a pregnancy in which prenatal diagnosis (PND) was performed by fetal blood sampling. Fetal blood sampling by fetoscopy was significantly more often reported by the women to the more trying than expected than was ultrasound-guided heart puncture. Of 29 women 13 was classified as having experienced the PND process (amniocentesis and fetal blood sampling) as distressing, having had mental or psychosomatic symptoms associated with it. All of the women who had abortion/miscarriage after PND reported a very high frequency of psychological sequelae during the 6 months that followed PND. Of 22 women who continued their pregnancy with a healthy fetus after PND 8 experienced the period until delivery as trying and felt that their emotional and somatic status influenced their daily life activities. This was particularly common among women who after fetoscopy received routine profylactic terbutalin treatment and had continuous sickleave until the 36th gestational week, 17/29 would consider going through PND in the future. Qualified psychological assistance must be offered both before and after PND.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Lund, Malmö, General Hospital, Sweden.
authors.lastname: Tedgård
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ljung
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tedgård
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schẃartz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000649:Amniocentesis / Q000523:psychology*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000032:analysis*; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D002836:Hemophilia B / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis