title: Hydrazide antidepressants possess novel antileishmanial activity in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: The hydrazide monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressants possess a novel antiparasitic action against visceral and cutaneous strains of Leishmania. In vitro, phenelzine was the most active compound tested, while in vivo, nialamide was more potent, and was also effective when applied topically to cutaneous lesions. Despite the coincidence of tricyclic antidepressants also possessing antileishmanial activity, the evidence suggests that the antiparasitic action of the hydrazides is unrelated to either monoamine oxidase inhibition or CNS effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Protozoology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, U.K.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Croft
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Neal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002230:Carbidopa / Q000494:pharmacology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004347:Drug Interactions; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000187:drug effects*; D007894:Leishmania mexicana / Q000187:drug effects*; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000188:drug therapy; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010624:Phenelzine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010659:Phenylhydrazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011344:Procarbazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012663:Semicarbazides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D010659:Phenylhydrazines; D012663:Semicarbazides; C030299:phenylhydrazine; D011344:Procarbazine; C010059:carbamylhydrazine; D002230:Carbidopa; D010624:Phenelzine