title: Gallbladder contraction in patients with pigment and cholesterol stones.
abstract: Thirty gallbladders were studied in vitro; 5 had black pigment stones and 25 contained manifestations of excess cholesterol in bile. Of the 25, 14 had cholesterol stones, 7 had macroscopic cholesterolosis, and 4 had cholesterol crystals. There were no differences in basal active tension among these groups, but the force of spontaneous phasic contractions was reduced in gallbladders with cholesterol stones, cholesterolosis, and cholesterol crystals compared with specimens with pigment stones (p less than 0.001). The forces developed in response to cholecystokinin-8 (10(-10)-10(-6) M), acetylcholine (10(-7)-10(-3) M), and potassium chloride (20-60 mM) were greater in strips from specimens with pigment stones than in strips from specimens with cholesterol stones or cholesterolosis (p less than 0.001). In cholesterol stones and cholesterolosis specimens, relatively strong muscle strips had similar responses to 10(-6) M cholecystokinin-8 in normal calcium (2.5 mM) and in the absence of extracellular calcium. Weaker muscle strips had a reduced response to cholecystokinin-8 in the absence of extracellular calcium (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that muscle strips exposed to bile with excess cholesterol have a reduced contractility compared with muscle strips from specimens with pigment stones; this impaired contractility precedes gallstone formation, and results from muscle dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Behar
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Biancani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001646:Bile / Q000502:physiology; D002021:Buffers; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000032:analysis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000503:physiopathology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000032:analysis; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D011189:Potassium Chloride; C053841:cholecystokinin (1-14); D002766:Cholecystokinin; D002784:Cholesterol