title: Antihypertensive treatment using calcium antagonists in combination with captopril rather than diuretics.
abstract: The antihypertensive efficacy of combination therapy with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril and a diuretic or a calcium antagonist was compared in 16 patients with essential hypertension with a blood pressure of over 160/95 mm Hg having triple drug therapy. While monotherapy with a calcium antagonist--usually verapamil 500 mg/day or nitrendipine 70 mg/day--did not reduce diastolic blood pressure to greater than 95 mm Hg, this goal was achieved in 15 out of 16 patients with the combination of captopril (53 mg/day) and the calcium antagonists in the above dose (151 +/- 4/88 +/- 2 SEM mm Hg) and in 13 out of 16 patients with captopril (84 mg/day) and a diuretic (158 +/- 4/91 +/- 1 mm Hg). There was a direct relationship between intraindividual pressure responses to the two drug combinations (r = 0.88, p less than 0.001). Heart rate was similar and weight lower on the captopril-diuretic combination. Captopril's antihypertensive efficacy can be equally enhanced by calcium antagonists (without affecting renin long term) as by diuretics, which are thought to work by stimulating the renin-angiotensin system. The calcium antagonist-captopril combination may be of particular advantage in hypertensive patients who are otherwise difficult to treat.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bolli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Erné
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kiowski
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Bühler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000584:Amiloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002216:Captopril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009568:Nitrendipine; D011392:Proline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014700:Verapamil / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004232:Diuretics; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D013148:Spironolactone; D000584:Amiloride; D009568:Nitrendipine; D011392:Proline; D002216:Captopril; D014700:Verapamil; D012083:Renin; D009543:Nifedipine; C009732:buthiazide