title: Evaluation of the nephrotoxicity of aromatic nitro-amino compounds by urinary enzyme activities.
abstract: Nephrotoxicity of some aromatic nitro-amino compounds were evaluated by urinary enzyme activities and renal histopathological changes. Male Fischer 344 rats were intraperitoneally injected with aniline, p-aminophenol, acetyl-p-aminophenol, p-chloroaniline, p-chloronitrobenzene, p-anisidine, or p-nitroaniline at 1.0 mmol/kg. In the rats injected with p-aminophenol, necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and remarkable elevation of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP) activities were observed. Injection with p-chloroaniline caused significant elevation of the urinary NAG and gamma-GTP activities. p-Anisidine and p-nitroaniline induced swelling of the tubular epithelial cells and a significant elevation in urinary NAG activities in rats, which was also caused by p-chloronitrobenzene. However, administration of aniline or acetyl-p-aminophenol did not change either the urinary enzymes or renal histopathology. These results indicate that p-aminophenol is a highly nephrotoxic substance, and that nephrotoxicity of p-chloroaniline, p-chloronitrobenzene, p-anisidine and p-nitroaniline exceed that of acetyl-p-aminophenol which has been known to cause a renal damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000652:urine; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D004798:Enzymes / Q000652:urine*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008708:Methemoglobinemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000117:Acetylglucosamine