title: [Novel immunotherapeutic models for neoplastic diseases of the urogenital tract with special attention to bladder carcinoma].
abstract: In this review article some novel immunotherapeutic models as well as some new concepts concerning the unspecific and specific T-cell stimulation are discussed briefly. Some of these immunotherapeutic models are restricted to bladder cancer; the others have a generalized meaning. One model, restricted to bladder cancer, is based on the enzymatic++ pretreatment of effector-cells (macrophages, NK-cells), followed by their instillation in the patient's bladder. The other bladder tumor restricted model includes the direct in situ activation of effector cells by proteases and lipases. A third model for the treatment of bladder tumor implies a presensitization of patient's TD/TDTH-cells, followed by the treatment of patient's bladder tumor cells by some, common haptenic group. In addition, some novel ways of immune stimulation, partly by circumventing the (tumor-specific) immune tolerance, based on the cross-linking of crucial membrane structures on T4- and T8-cells or on a managed, controlled APC: T-cell interaction, are discussed. The details inclusively the comprehensive special literature can not be brought in this review article; they should be dealt with in special papers being in preparation.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leskovar
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
vernacular_title: Neuartige immuntherapeutische Modelle bei neoplastischen Erkrankungen des Urogenitaltraktes unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Blasenkarzinoms.