title: The role of males of the bont tick (Amblyomma hebraeum) in the transmission of Cowdria ruminantium (heartwater).
abstract: The role of males of the bont tick (Amblyomma hebraeum) in the transmission of Cowdria ruminantium (heartwater) was investigated. Transstadial (nymph to adult) and intrastadial transmission were demonstrated. Males transferred from live or dead hosts to live hosts were shown to transmit C. ruminantium repeatedly. It was concluded that male transmission is of importance in the epidemiology of heartwater.
authors.affiliation: University of Florida/USAID/Zimbabwe Government Heartwater Project, Causeway.
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Andrew
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Norval
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001096:Arachnid Vectors / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D006041:Goats; D006357:Heartwater Disease / Q000635:transmission*; D008297:Male; D012418:Ruminants; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D013984:Tick Infestations / Q000150:complications / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013987:Ticks / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*