title: [Immunostimulating effects of muramyl dipeptide, glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide and their synthetic derivatives in vitro].
abstract: The effect of muramyldipeptide (MDP), glucosaminylmuramyldipeptide (GMDP) and their six synthetic derivatives on production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) by murine spleen cells in vitro was studied. MDP induced insignificant TNF production and did not stimulate production of IL-1 by the murine splenocytes within a 24-hour cultivation period whereas in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) it induced significant production of both the cytokins. GMDP induced marked production of TNF (54 per cent cytotoxic index) and IL-1 (stimulation index 8). Addition of LPS in an amount of 10 ng/ml increased production of TNF by the murine splenocytes under the effect of GMDP but had no effect on production of IL-1. Neither MDP nor GMDP even in combination with LPS induced production of IL-2 by splenocytes of mice DVA/2 and C57B1/6 at activation for 24 hours. All the synthetic derivatives of MDP and GMDP except the MDP polymer activated TNF production by the murine spleen cells. GMDP lysine had the highest effect: 67 per cent cytotoxic index. In combination with LPS its cytotoxic index amounted to 87 per cent. The TNF activity was always higher when LPS in an amount of 10 ng/ml was added to the glycopeptides.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rakhmilevich
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rakhimova
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Andronova
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Bovin
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; C023868:N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl-N-acetylmuramyl-alanylisoglutamine
vernacular_title: Immunostimuliruiushchee deĭstvie muramildipeptida, gliuko- zaminilmuramildipeptida i ikh sinteticheskikh proizvodnykh v sisteme in vitro.