title: Glucocorticoids inhibit acetylcholine-induced current in chromaffin cells.
abstract: The effects of dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, on membrane excitability and on the acetylcholine (ACh)-induced inward current (IACh) were studied in dispersed guinea pig adrenal medullary cells by using the whole cell version of the patch-clamp technique. Bath application of 10 microM dexamethasone had no effect on the resting membrane conductance or voltage-gated Na+, Ca2+, or K+ channels, whereas it reversibly inhibited the IACh at a holding potential of -70 mV. Intracellular application of dexamethasone through the patch electrode did not modify the IACh. Application of 10 microM dexamethasone neither shifted the dose-response curve of the peak IACh to the right [dissociation constant (Kd) = 50 microM] nor affected its Hill coefficient (1.2) but inhibited the current amplitudes by approximately 41% in the cells sufficiently pretreated with dexamethasone. Furthermore, fractional inhibition of the IACh at the end of approximately 50-s application was the same for any concentration of ACh (3-100 microM). The dose-response curve of the inhibition by dexamethasone showed a good fit to the theoretical line assuming an inhibition constant (Ki) of 10 microM and a Hill coefficient of 1. Hydrocortisone 21-hemisuccinate sodium salt (25 microM) and prednisolone 21-hemisuccinate sodium salt (25 microM) inhibited the IACh to a lesser extent than 25 microM dexamethasone. These results suggest that dexamethasone binds to the specific site on the outer cell membrane, probably on the ACh receptor-coupled channel, and inhibits the IACh in a noncompetitive manner, thus controlling the immediate catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuriyama
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000313:Adrenal Medulla / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002838:Chromaffin System / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000109:Acetylcholine