Evaluation of the nephrotoxicity of aromatic nitro-amino compounds by urinary enzyme activities.
Nephrotoxicity of some aromatic nitro-amino compounds were evaluated by urinary enzyme activities and renal histopathological changes. Male Fischer 344 rats were intraperitoneally injected with aniline, p-aminophenol, acetyl-p-aminophenol, p-chloroaniline, p-chloronitrobenzene, p-anisidine, or p-nitroaniline at 1.0 mmol/kg. In the rats injected with p-aminophenol, necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and remarkable elevation of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP) activities were observed. Injection with p-chloroaniline caused significant elevation of the urinary NAG and gamma-GTP activities. p-Anisidine and p-nitroaniline induced swelling of the tubular epithelial cells and a significant elevation in urinary NAG activities in rats, which was also caused by p-chloronitrobenzene. However, administration of aniline or acetyl-p-aminophenol did not change either the urinary enzymes or renal histopathology. These results indicate that p-aminophenol is a highly nephrotoxic substance, and that nephrotoxicity of p-chloroaniline, p-chloronitrobenzene, p-anisidine and p-nitroaniline exceed that of acetyl-p-aminophenol which has been known to cause a renal damage.
Yoshida
M
M
Department of Public Health, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
Yoshikawa
H
H
Goto
H
H
Hara
I
I
D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000652:urine; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D004798:Enzymes / Q000652:urine*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008708:Methemoglobinemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000652:urine
D004798:Enzymes; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000117:Acetylglucosamine