title: Enhanced effectiveness of intraperitoneal antibiotics administered via liposomal carrier.
abstract: The local application of antibiotics to treat intraperitoneal contamination has been used with variable results. Liposomes are not rapidly absorbed from the peritoneal cavity, offering a potential delivery system for intraperitoneal antibiotics. The effects of liposome-incorporated antibiotic administration in a fecal peritonitis model were compared with the effects of conventional intraperitoneal and intramuscular antibiotics. Rats were divided into four groups: untreated, intramuscular cefoxitin, intraperitoneal cefoxitin, and intraperitoneal liposome-incorporated cefoxitin. Quantitative blood cultures were drawn at 4 and 24 hours. Liposome delivery of cefoxitin significantly reduced mortality and bacteremia at 4 and 24 hours compared with control subjects and conventional antibiotic groups. Peritoneal abscess formation tended to decrease in the liposome antibiotic group (mean +/- SEM, 6.86 +/- 0.79) compared with the group receiving free intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics (10.33 +/- 1.63). We conclude that liposomal delivery significantly enhances the effectiveness of cefoxitin in this model of peritonitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9031.
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Horton
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Baxter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002440:Cefoxitin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D008081:Liposomes; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D018805:Sepsis / Q000382:microbiology; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D002440:Cefoxitin; D014031:Tobramycin