title: Inhibitory effect of a lichen polysaccharide sulfate, GE-3-S, on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro.
abstract: A sulfate (GE-3-S) prepared by chlorosulfonic acid treatment of GE-3, a partially acetylated beta(1----6) glucan of the lichen Umbilicaria esculenta, inhibited the cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and suppressed the HIV-antigen expression in Molt-4 (clone 8) cells. GE-3-S also suppressed the giant cell formation of HIV-infected Molt-4 cells, and inhibited HIV-induced plaque formation by 50% at the dose of 19.5 micrograms/ml and completely at 250 micrograms/ml in MT4 cells. GE-3-S had no direct effect on the reverse transcriptase of HIV.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shigeta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Narui
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shibata
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides