title: Simultaneous quantitation of salivary carbamazepine, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, phenytoin and phenobarbitone by high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: A rapid, sensitive and accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous quantitation of phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in saliva is described. Only small volumes of saliva (100 microliters) are required. Separation of the drugs is achieved by reversed-phase chromatography on a Nova-Pak C18 column, with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer at a flow-rate of 2.0 ml/min. Detection is effected by ultra-violet absorption at 215 nm. The total run time is under 12.5 min per assay. A precipitation but no extraction step is involved, simplifying the assay method. Salivary concentrations in the range 0.25-25 micrograms/ml for carbamazepine, 0.5-20 micrograms/ml for phenytoin and phenobarbitone and 0.4-20 micrograms/ml for carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide can be measured. Recovery varies from 94 to 108%. The method has been used for routine measurements of anticonvulsants in saliva collected daily from patients with intractable epilepsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Herkes
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: McKinnon
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Eadie
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000032:analysis; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000032:analysis*; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000032:analysis*; D012463:Saliva / Q000032:analysis*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002220:Carbamazepine; D010672:Phenytoin; C012227:carbamazepine epoxide; D010634:Phenobarbital