title: [Clinical problems in patients who were exposed to carcinogens].
abstract: The study of carcinogenesis is most advanced in bladder cancer through the study of what is called aniline bladder cancer. Bladder cancer has also played a key role in introducing the concept of 'occupational' cancer. Industrial Safety and Health Law defines various chemical substances as carcinogens of 'occupational' cancer, many of which are related to the urinary tract tumor, including benzidine, beta-naphthylamine, alpha-naphthylamine, 4-aminodiphenyl, 4-netrodiphenyl, auramine, magenta, orthotolidine, dianisidine, dichlorobenzidine and paradimethylaminoazobenzene. When a patient has been exposed to any of these substances, a diagnosis of 'occupational' cancer is made after consultation in the Central Labor Standards Council. Few bladder cancer patients are acknowledged as victims of 'occupational' cancer. In most cases the cause of bladder cancer remains unknown. However, cases of cancer caused by chemical substances are increasing, and many other chemical substances are probably carcinogenic. Although regulations on 'occupational' cancer have been completed, there are many cases of inconvenience in practice. In this report I investigated into such clinical problems and also studied the above-mentioned carcinogens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kotake
mesh_terms: D002273:Carcinogens; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009786:Occupational Health Services / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D010819:Physician's Role; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens