title: Diagnosis of oral precancer and cancer.
abstract: The early diagnosis of oral cancer and precancer is important because oral cancer is usually well advanced at the time of diagnosis, having spread to regional lymph nodes in a substantial percentage of cases. The earlier the diagnosis is made, the better the prognosis. Several diagnostic methods that are used, such as stomatoscopy, toluidine blue staining, oral exfoliative cytology, histopathological examination and other more advanced diagnostic procedures, are discussed.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ligthelm
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: van Niekerk
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: van Heerden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003945:Diagnosis, Oral / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000175:diagnosis*