title: Influence of polyunsaturated fatty acid diet on the hemorrheological response to physical exercise in hypoxia.
abstract: Several studies have shown that hemorrheological parameters are modified by physical exercise and exposure to altitude hypoxia. These changes result in a decrease in red cell deformability (RCD). Similarly, it has been shown that a daily dietary fish oil supplement increases RCD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of fish oil diet on RCD after exercise. Fourteen male subjects (19-38 years old) were divided into two groups. The first group ate a "standard diet" rich in saturated lipids; the second group received a daily amount of 6 g of MaxEPA fish oil for 6 weeks. Before the 6 weeks of experimental nutrition, and just after this period, both groups were submitted to two physical exercises of 1 h cycling at 70% of their VO2max. One test was performed at sea level, the other at a simulated altitude of 3000 m in a hypobaric chamber. Blood samples were drawn before and after exercise and used to evaluate: (1) RCD by filtration on polycarbonate membrane, (2) plasma viscosity, and (3) erythrocyte phospholipid composition. Energy charge of red cell was evaluated by ATP/AMP/ADP and two to three DPB assays. Gas liquid chromatography indicated an increase in n-3 PUFA membrane erythrocyte composition. In the control group, RCD decreased by an average of 53% after exercise under hypoxic conditions and was unchanged after the same exercise at sea level. MaxEPA diet suppresses the decrease in RCD observed after hypoxic exercise. These results indicate a decrease in RCD under the combined effects of exercise and hypoxia, which is prevented by 6 weeks of fish oil supplement.
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Etudes et de Recherces de Médecine Aérospatiale 5 bis, Paris.
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Guezennec
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Nadaud
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Satabin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lafargue
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000097:blood; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000097:blood; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D001809:Blood Viscosity; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004907:Erythrocyte Deformability / Q000187:drug effects*; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000032:analysis; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate