Nausea and vomiting of early pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. An epidemiological study.
The association of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy with the outcome of pregnancy was investigated in a historical cohort of 903 women in Los Angeles, California, USA. Multivariable statistical methods were employed to control for the potential confounding effects of age, ethnicity, occupation, and anti-emetic use on pregnancy outcome. The analyses indicated that vomiting was associated with decreased risk of miscarriage (adjusted odds ratio 0.18, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.53); women with nausea but no vomiting had a miscarriage risk equal to that in the sample overall. Among the subsample of women with signs of threatened miscarriage, those who had experienced vomiting had a decreased risk of miscarriage (10.3% vs 31.7% in the subsample). No statistically significant association was observed between nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and other pregnancy outcomes (perinatal mortality, fetal anomalies, neonatal anthropometric measures).
Weigel
M M
MM
Division of Foods and Nutrition, School of Human Resources and Family Studies, College of Agriculture, Urbana, Illinois.
Weigel
R M
RM
D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001724:Birth Weight; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006939:Hyperemesis Gravidarum / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008423:Maternal Age; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain
D000932:Antiemetics