Analysis of cis- and trans-acting elements in the hormone-sensitive human somatotropin gene promoter.
The expression of the human growth hormone (hGH) gene is regulated by several transcription factors. Basal level transcription factors include TATA box-binding proteins, Sp1, USF and CTF/NF-1. The hGH gene is expressed only in pituitary somatotrophs, and the pituitary-specific GHF-1/Pit-1 protein is a potent transcriptional stimulator. Glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones, insulin, and GHRH which acts via cAMP, also control hGH gene transcription via trans-acting factors some of which are the hormone receptors themselves. Three transcription initiation sites were detected when hGH gene promoter activity was studied in a cell-free system. This system enabled us to delineate the respective role of some transcription factors and to propose a model that accounts for the basal, pituitary-specific, and hormonal control of hGH gene expression.
Lemaigre
F P
FP
Hormone and Metabolic Research Unit, International Institute of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Brussels, Belgium.
Courtois
S J
SJ
Durviaux
S M
SM
Egan
C J
CJ
LaFontaine
D A
DA
Rousseau
G G
GG
D001483:Base Sequence; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005796:Genes / Q000187:drug effects; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006728:Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006728:Hormones; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D013006:Growth Hormone