title: Hemodynamics in emotional responses and in emotional stress.
abstract: In the article, we present experimental data indicating that negative emotional states evoked by electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus or by behavioral conflicts are accompanied by a predominance of vascular responses of a pressor character possessing the property of summation. In contrast, positive emotional states during a self-stimulation reaction or when animals attain behavioral results satisfying their major biological demands are accompanied by a predominance of pressor-depressor vascular reactions. In individual animals under conditions of experimental emotional stress in conflicting situations of a prolonged character, pronounced disturbances of cardiac-vascular functions occur. Predominantly pressor vascular reactions arise in response to forced stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus in such cases. It is shown that changes in vascular tonus plays a leading role in disturbances of AP regulation during stress of immobilization. The most frequent cause of death in animals under such conditions is a progressive fall of AP due to an abrupt decrease in the total peripheral resistance. The resistance of the cardiac-vascular functions to emotional stress is determined to a significant degree by genetic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: P. K. Anokhin Scientific-Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow.
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Sudakov
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Yumatov
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ulyaninski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006439:Hemodynamics; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014697:Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000503:physiopathology*