title: Pharmacokinetics of an oral sustained-release diltiazem preparation.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of a new oral sustained-release diltiazem preparation (HER-SR, QD) was investigated in dogs and humans. The mean plasma diltiazem concentration in dogs after oral administration of HER-SR showed a prolonged plasma concentration and a double peak. The bioavailability of HER-SR compared with that of a conventional diltiazem preparation (HER) in dogs was approximately 80%, a value that is relatively close to that of humans. The plasma diltiazem concentrations with a double peak in dogs were analyzed using multifraction absorption models. The HER-SR preparation was apparently divided into two fractions (14.3 and 85.7 mg) in the gastrointestinal tract, each fraction was absorbed at rate constants of 4.560 and 0.152 h-1, respectively, and the lag time of the slow-release component was 8.3 h. The plasma diltiazem concentration data in humans after repetitive oral administration of HER-SR were also analyzed using multifraction absorption models. The initial amount of the fast- and slow-release components were 14.8 and 85.2 mg, respectively. The absorption rate constants were 0.730 h-1 for the fast-release component and 0.060 h-1 for the slow-release component. The lag time of absorption for the slow-release component was 6.0 h. The pharmacokinetic parameters were close to those obtained in dogs except for Ka1 and Vd/F. The results confirm that HER-SR had desirable pharmacokinetic characteristics as judged from the simulated plasma diltiazem concentration and the peak-to-trough fluctuation (fluctuation parameters) calculated using the simulated plasma diltiazem concentration. In addition, population pharmacokinetics of HER-SR after repetitive oral administration was examined in humans.
authors.affiliation: Products Formulation Research Laboratory, Tanabe Seiyaku Company Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamahara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samejima
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004110:Diltiazem