HIV-1-specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid mediate cellular cytotoxicity and neutralization.
Antibodies mediating HIV-1-specific cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and virus neutralizing activity were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and, as previously reported, in sera of subjects with varying severity of HIV-1 infection, including patients with or without neurologic or psychiatric symptoms. ADCC-mediating antibodies against target cells infected with the HTLV-IIIB strain of HIV-1 were less frequently present in CSF than in sera, 32 and 60%, respectively. The frequency of ADCC-positive CSF was comparable for the different clinical stages of the disease and was apparently not influenced by the presence or absence of neurologic/psychiatric symptoms. Virus-neutralizing activity was tested against HTLV-IIIB and one CSF-derived viral isolate. Serum antibodies neutralized HTLV-IIIB more frequently than the CSF isolate, 53 and 35%, respectively. In contrast, only three (7%) of the CSF specimens contained neutralizing activity to the CSF-derived isolate and none to HTLV-IIIB. Despite an intact blood-brain barrier in many subjects, the serum/CSF ratios of ADCC or neutralizing antibodies were lower than normally expected. This indicates that both ADCC-mediating and virus neutralizing antibodies may be intrathecally synthesized. Whether these antibodies are protective against or contribute to the histopathologic changes in the brain is not known at present.
Ljunggren
K
K
Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Chiodi
F
F
Broliden
P A
PA
Albert
J
J
Norkrans
G
G
Hagberg
L
L
Jondal
M
M
Fenyö
E M
EM
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications; D009500:Neutralization Tests
D015483:HIV Antibodies