title: Neural tube defects in early rat embryos following maternal treatment with ethanol and caffeine.
abstract: Alcohol and caffeine consumption during pregnancy are risk factors for fetal outcome. Their combined effects on the early development of the central nervous system were investigated in the rat. Neuralation was severely affected, resulting in a wide spectrum of developmental defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Persaud
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D000431:Ethanol