title: The pharmacokinetics of midazolam in paediatric patients.
abstract: A serum concentration profile study on midazolam in children was done. Fifty six children aged 3-10 years took part. The routes investigated were intravenous, intramuscular, rectal and oral at 0.15 mg.kg-1, and the oral at 0.45 mg.kg-1 and 1 mg.kg-1. Serum concentration levels for 5 h were studied using gas liquid chromatography. The volume of distribution, Vss, was 1.29 l.kg-1, the elimination half-life 1.17 h and the serum clearance 9.11 ml.kg-1.min-1. Peak serum concentrations for the intramuscular, rectal and oral routes were at 15 min, 30 min and 53 min respectively. Bioavailability was 87%, 18%, 27% respectively at a dose of 0.15 mg.kg-1. The oral route bioavailability halved to 15% at the two higher doses. Bioequivalence was present between the 0.15 mg.kg-1 intramuscular dose and the 0.45 mg.kg-1 oral dose from 45 to 120 min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Medical School, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Mattheyse
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liebenberg
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dawes
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000285:Administration, Rectal; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D017633:Magnesium Silicates; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012824:Silicic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D013810:Therapeutic Equivalency
chemical_list: D017633:Magnesium Silicates; D012824:Silicic Acid; C001671:magnesium trisilicate; D008274:Magnesium; D008874:Midazolam