Sports competition and its influence on self-esteem development.
Competition and its influence upon the adolescent is the primary concern of many recreational agencies. In the past ten years, many youth agencies have de-emphasized competition in their programs because of its negative influence upon self-esteem. There is a need to examine the relationship between competition and self-esteem so that recreational programs can be better designed to utilize competition as a positive factor. A study was undertaken to examine self-esteem in relation to competition in a basketball program. It was found that the coach's assessments of ability and intention of participation are important factors in positive self-esteem development. The social aspects of peer interaction and parent influence also contribute to positive self-esteem. These are minor elements, however, in comparison to the impact of the coach. There needs to be intensive training for coaches on how to develop positive self-esteem and how to deal with the range of participation styles.
Hines
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School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, Bowling Green State University, Ohio 43403.
Groves
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D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D001242:Assertiveness; D001490:Basketball; D002657:Child Development; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012649:Self Concept