title: Development of porcine embryos from one- and two-cell stages to blastocysts in culture medium supplemented with porcine oviductal fluid.
abstract: Oviductal fluid (OVF) was harvested chronically from 5 sows beginning on Day 1 of the estrous cycle (Day 0 of estrous cycle = day of detected estrus) and used for embryo culture (Day 3 OVF only). Two experiments were conducted to investigate in vitro development of 1-cell and 2-cell porcine embryos in a modified Kreb's Ringer bicarbonate medium (culture medium, CM), early luteal phase OVF or CM supplemented with OVF (CM-OVF, 25% OVF v/v in CM) with or without transfer to fresh CM. In Experiment 1, 1-cell and 2-cell embryos were harvested from sows (n = 7) approximately 44 h after detected estrus. In Experiment 2, 1-cell embryos were collected from 5 sows treated with altrenogest and gonadotropins, approximately 50 h after injection of human chorionic gonadotropin. The volume of OVF (ml) declined progressively throughout the 4 days of collection (24 h, 8.44 +/- 0.28; 48 h, 6.88 +/- 1.78; 72 h, 4.96 +/- 0.35; 96 h, 4.64 +/- 0.25 after onset of estrus; p less than .01). In both experiments, development to blastocyst stage was lowest among embryos cultured in OVF and highest among those cultured in CM-OVF (Experiment 1: CM, 27.3; OVF, 10; CM-OVF, 63.6; Experiment 2: CM, 26.7; OVF, 0; CM-OVF, 82.4; % blastocyst formation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7621.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Archibong
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Petters
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology*; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000502:physiology*; D003470:Culture Media; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media