title: Iatrogenic, unexpected and other vascular rings in children.
abstract: Between May 1955 and July 1987, 33 children with a vascular ring compression syndrome were treated at this institution. There were 4 iatrogenic, 2 unexpectedly found and 27 symptomatic congenital vascular rings. Accurate diagnosis is based on a water soluble iodine contrast dye oesophagogram, bronchoscopy and angiography which are complementary examinations. All symptomatic congenital vascular rings were treated successfully without mortality, but the mortality was 50% if the lesion was iatrogenic in origin or unexpectedly found during palliative or corrective cardiac surgery.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leijala
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sairanen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mäkinen
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Maunuksela
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Louhimo
mesh_terms: D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000002:abnormalities*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000209:etiology