title: Osmoregulation of vasopressin during acute lowering of arterial pressure by clonidine in moderate hypertension.
abstract: Hypertonic saline (100 mmol in 50 ml) was injected intravenously over 5 min in two groups of moderate essential hypertensive patients (group 1, n = 13; group 2, n = 6). In group 2, arterial pressure had been lowered by infusion of clonidine (0.3 mg in 100 ml saline), from 186 +/- 8/116 +/- 3 to 146 +/- 9/98 +/- 5 mmHg (mean +/- s.e.m.). The hypertonic stimulus increased the plasma osmolality of all subjects from 288 +/- 1 to 296 +/- 1 mosmol/kg (P less than 0.01). Plasma vasopressin increased from baseline values that were not significantly different (P less than 0.01) in each of the two groups. The increase in plasma vasopressin was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in the group 2 hypertensives with a reduced arterial pressure (+7.81 +/- 1.79 pg/ml) than in the group 1 untreated hypertensives (+3.15 +/- 1.2 pg/ml). In our study, acute lowering of arterial pressure by clonidine did not significantly change baseline vasopressin, but facilitated osmotically induced vasopressin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Bo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marabini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aghemo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zanchetti
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014667:Vasopressins; D003000:Clonidine