title: Regulation of carboxypeptidase H gene expression in magnocellular neurons: response to osmotic stimulation.
abstract: Carboxypeptidase H (CPH) is a peptide-processing enzyme thought to be involved in the synthesis of many neuropeptides, including vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT). In this study, employing in situ hybridization histochemistry, we have shown that CPH mRNA is abundantly expressed in the magnocellular paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus, the primary sites of OT and VP synthesis. Since this enzyme is copackaged in secretory vesicles and hence coreleased with the neurohypophysial hormones, enzyme stores are depleted in parallel with the peptide hormones during states of hypersecretion. Chronic osmotic stimulation, such as occurs in long-term salt-loading or in diabetes insipidus in the Brattleboro rat, causes depletion of neurohypophysial hormone stores and is accompanied by increased rates of neurohypophysial hormone transcription and translation. This study has shown that the expression of CPH mRNA is also significantly increased in oxytocin and vasopressin producing magnocellular neurons during chronic osmotic stimulation of the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system. CPH mRNA levels in other peptidergic areas of the brain are not significantly changed by osmotic stimulation. These findings illustrate a coordinate regulation of the transcription of peptide hormones and an enzyme required for the hormones' posttranslational processing.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bondy
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Whitnall
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Brady
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D043423:Carboxypeptidase H; D002268:Carboxypeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D003919:Diabetes Insipidus / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D009995:Osmosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011910:Rats, Brattleboro; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012492:Salts / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D012492:Salts; D004247:DNA; D002268:Carboxypeptidases; D043423:Carboxypeptidase H