Influence of hemodialysis on zidovudine (AZT) and its glucuronide (GAZT) pharmacokinetics: two case reports.
Zidovudine (AZT) is a new anti retroviral agent widely used in the treatment of AIDS and related diseases. It has a short elimination half-life (1 h) in patients with normal hepatic and renal functions, and it is extensively metabolized to a glucuronide derivative (GAZT). In patients with end stage renal disease, the AZT elimination half-life is slightly increased (1.9 h) while for GAZT the very important increase of this parameter results in a major risk of accumulation. A 4-h hemodialysis is more efficient in removing GAZT than AZT. In these patients not only AZT but also GAZT plasma levels should be closely monitored.
Garraffo
R
R
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Nice, France.
Cassuto-Viguier
E
E
Barillon
J
J
Chanalet
L
L
Lapalus
P
P
Duplay
H
H
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D005965:Glucuronates; D015215:Zidovudine