title: Post-application occlusion substantially increases the irritant response of the skin to repeated short-term sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) exposure.
abstract: Occlusion often, but not always, enhances percutaneous absorption and thus may facilitate skin irritation. Quantitative data about the impact occlusivity may have on minimal irritant stimuli to which the skin is exposed in daily life, and which may lead to chronic irritant contact dermatitis, are however lacking. Irritant stimuli were administered by repeated application of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) in an open application procedure. After the open exposure, the skin was either left open or occluded with plastic. Skin irritancy was assessed by means of visual grading and by transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements. Post-exposure occlusive treatment markedly enhanced the irritant response. 5 consecutive daily applications produced more irritation, with or without occlusion, than alternate day application. Occlusion may be a relevant factor in the development of irritant contact dermatitis from certain chemicals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Van der Valk
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Maibach
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001834:Body Water; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009779:Occlusive Dressings; D010328:Patch Tests / Q000379:methods; D010969:Plastics; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D010969:Plastics; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate