title: Liposome encapsulated hemoglobin: stabilization, encapsulation, and storage.
abstract: Liposome encapsulated hemoglobin has numerous advantages as a red cell substitute. LEH has no blood type and can be made virus-free and sterile in large quantities. The technology is compatible with the use of either human or bovine hemoglobin and does not require chemical modification of the hemoglobin. Cofactors can be included in the liposome to modify the P50 and to prevent methemoglobin formation. The inclusion of dissacharides stabilizes the LEH during freezing and dehydration and provides a method for long-term storage. Most importantly, LEH can sustain life in animals after removal of red cells to lethal levels for periods commensurate with a 16-20 hour circulation half-life.
authors.affiliation: Bio/Molecular Engineering Branch, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375-5000.
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Ligler
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Stratton
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rudolph
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002417:Cattle; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D005079:Excipients / Q000494:pharmacology; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D008706:Methemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001802:Blood Substitutes; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005079:Excipients; D006454:Hemoglobins; D008081:Liposomes; D008706:Methemoglobin