title: The effects of airborne fluorides on oral conditions in Morocco.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of dental caries and dental fluorosis, as well as various other oral conditions, in 2378 subjects (ages seven to 60) living in the fluoridated area of Khouribga and the non-fluoridated area of Beni Mellal, Morocco. The community index of dental fluorosis (CFI) ranged from 1.99 to 2.80 in the high-fluoride area: Over 90% of the population was affected, and more than one-third of the subjects showed moderate dental fluorosis. However, in Beni Mellal, more than 96% of the dentate subjects examined were free of dental fluorosis, and the CFI of 0.02 was considered not significant. Significant differences were observed between the two areas with respect to caries prevalence. DMFT and DMFS indices were markedly lower in the fluorosis area of Khouribga. The oral conditions of subjects appeared to be better in Khouribga, where the gingival and calculus indices were significantly lower than in Beni Mellal. The analyses of covariance showed no significant differences in plaque accumulation (PI) between the Khouribga and Beni Mellal samples. However, a close statistical correlation was found between PI and GI in Beni Mellal and Khouribga.
authors.affiliation: Unite INSERM U157, CNRS URA 588, Faculte de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haikel
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cahen
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Turlot
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Frank
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009018:Morocco / Q000453:epidemiology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010710:Phosphates / Q000009:adverse effects; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D010710:Phosphates; D005459:Fluorides