title: Inactivation of gerbil-cultured Giardia lamblia cysts by free chlorine.
abstract: Giardia lamblia cysts were harvested from Mongolian gerbils and exposed to free chlorine in buffered water at pH 5, 7, and 9 at 15 degrees C. The contact times required to obtain a 2-log reduction in cyst survival (i.e., a 99% kill) were interpolated from survival curves generated at fixed concentrations of chlorine in the range of 0.25 to about 16 mg/liter. Concentration-time (C.t') products for 99% inactivation ranged from about 120 to nearly 1,500 mg.min/liter. These values are higher than those reported previously for free chlorine using G. lamblia cysts from infected humans. The cysts isolated from gerbils, as with other Giardia cysts, were unusually sensitive to chlorine in alkaline solutions.
authors.affiliation: Water Resources Center, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Evers
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Eyman
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Jarroll
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002713:Chlorine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005849:Gerbillinae / Q000469:parasitology*; D005872:Giardia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002713:Chlorine