[Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation of cefmenoxime in neonates and young infants].
Twenty-three newborn and young infants, including 13 low-birth-weight infants, were treated with cefmenoxime (CMX) and the clinical efficacy and side effects were evaluated. The ages of the patients ranged from 1 to 102 days, and their weights ranged from 0.83 to 4.19 kg. Doses given were 18-42 mg/kg every 6 to 12 hours for 2 to 16 days. Among 12 infants with bacterial meningitis and sepsis, the results were excellent in 2, good in 7 and fair in 3 patients. The drug was well tolerated and no adverse effects were observed in the 23 patients. Pharmacokinetic studies of CMX were done in 5 infants whose mean body weight was 3.03 kg (range 2.4 to 4.2 kg). Serum concentrations at 15 minutes after 10 mg/kg intravenous bolus injections were 35.6 and 55.7 micrograms/ml in two 12- and 18-day-old patients. In 3 patients with ages of 7, 7 and 24 days, serum concentrations were 54.6, 102 and 100 micrograms/ml, respectively, at 15 minutes after 20 mg/kg doses. Elimination half-lives of the drug were 1.3 to 1.5 (mean 1.4) hours in these patients. Excretion rates into urine in the first 8 hours were 30.3, 74.2, 77.6 and 85.6% in four patients given 10 or 20 mg/kg doses. The cerebrospinal fluid level at 3 hours after the dose was 0.4 micrograms/ml on 15th day of treatment in 1 patient with bacterial meningitis given 20 mg/kg every 6 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fujita
K
K
Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical College.
Murono
K
K
Sakata
H
H
Kakehashi
H
H
Oka
T
T
Kaeriyama
M
M
Yoshioka
H
H
Maruyama
S
S
Sanae
N
N
D015281:Cefmenoxime / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight / Q000378:metabolism; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy*
D015281:Cefmenoxime