title: Cephapirin-induced neutropenia.
abstract: Five cases (3.5%) of reversible cephapirin-induced neutropenia were observed in 132 patients receiving this antibiotic. The disorder was severe (agranulocytosis) in 3 cases. Simultaneous maculopapular rash was observed in all of them and in 4 cases fever occurred. All the cases observed were female (p not significant). Neutropenia developed only after administration of high doses of the antibiotic for a prolonged period of time. In contrast to another 127 patients treated with cephapirin who did not develop neutropenia, neutropenic patients had received a mean daily dose, total dose, mean daily dose per kilogram and total dose per kilogram of body weight significantly larger (p = 0.05, 0.02, 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). The duration of therapy was significantly longer in the neutropenic group (p = 0.001). Neutropenia did not occur below 90 g of total dose, but when this amount was exceeded, the incidence of the disorder reached 26.3% (p less than 0.001). We conclude that when this drug must be used either for long periods of time or at high doses, a hematologic vigilance is recommendable.
authors.affiliation: Services of Allergy, Clinica Puerta de Hierro, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vidal Pan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González Quintela
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Román García
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Millán
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martin Martin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moya Mir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000380:Agranulocytosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002514:Cephapirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D002514:Cephapirin