title: Impact of protein nutrition on reproduction in dairy cows.
abstract: In most but not all published studies, feeding diets with high concentrations of crude protein decreased reproductive efficiency. We were able to resolve some of the inconsistencies among published reports by considering the fate of consumed protein in the rumen and then using logistic regression analysis to identify factors affecting pregnancy. Our models showed that type and amount of protein fed explained much of the variation in conception rate. Age and dietary concentration of energy were identified as modifiers of the impact of protein on reproduction. Protein nutrition can affect reproduction through toxic effects of ammonia and its metabolites on gametes and early embryos, through deficiencies of amino acids, and by exacerbations of negative balances of energy. Alterations in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-ovarian axis may be responsible for many of the effects of protein on reproduction.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chalupa
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D003612:Dairying; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015233:Models, Statistical; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012098:Reproduction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary