title: Testing of sunset yellow and orange II for genotoxicity in different laboratory animal species.
abstract: The azo dyes Sunset Yellow and Orange II were gavaged to rodent species to check bile, urine, and fecal extracts for possible mutagenic activity in the Ames test or in bone marrow cells for clastogenicity using cytogenetic test systems. After oral application the dyes showed a negative response in bile, excrements, and bone marrow. When an exogenous metabolic activation was performed, increased revertant numbers using Salmonella strain TA100 were obtained only in fecal extracts of Sunset Yellow-treated animals. It is concluded that no genotoxic harm is to be expected from the ingestion of Sunset-Yellow or Orange II.
authors.affiliation: Federal Research Centre for Nutrition, Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wever
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Münzner
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Renner
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; C005842:6-hydroxy-5-((p- sulfophenyl)azo)-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid disodium salt; C014722:2-naphthol orange