title: Protective effect of hydroxychavicol, a phenolic component of betel leaf, against the tobacco-specific carcinogens.
abstract: The phenolic compound, hydroxychavicol (HC), present in betel leaf, was synthesised and tested for its antimutagenic effect against the mutagenicity of the 2 tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA), N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), in 2 different test systems, viz. the Ames Salmonella/microsome assay and the micronucleus test using Swiss male mice. We are reporting the synthesis of HC of a high degree of purity. We observed that HC suppressed the mutagenic effects of NNN and NNK in both test systems used. These results indicate that HC may have a role to play in reducing the risk of oral cancer in betel quid with tobacco chewers.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Bombay, India.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Amonkar
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Padma
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Bhide
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001114:Areca; D005054:Eugenol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D009602:Nitrosamines; C051268:2-hydroxychavicol; D005054:Eugenol; C016583:4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone