title: Nadolol antihypertensive effect and disposition in young and elderly adults with mild to moderate essential hypertension.
abstract: Nadolol was effective and well tolerated as once-daily monotherapy for mild to moderate essential supine diastolic hypertension (SDBP) in 10 young (mean age, 39 years) and 12 elderly (mean age, 68 years) patients in a single-blind, placebo-baseline, escalating-dose study. Doses required to reduce SDBP to 90 mm Hg were not different in young (1.08 +/- 0.21 mg/kg/day) and elderly (0.82 +/- 0.14 mg/kg/day) patients (mean +/- SE). Trough plasma nadolol concentrations at steady state were similar and were linearly related to dose in both groups. More unchanged nadolol was recovered in 24-hour urine samples from young subjects (15.6% +/- 1.9%) than from elderly ones (10.7% +/- 1.1%) (p = 0.028). With increasing nadolol doses, plasma norepinephrine concentration increased and isoproterenol sensitivity decreased in both young and elderly subjects, and creatinine clearance and plasma active renin levels were unchanged; plasma inactive renin levels increased in the young, and aldosterone concentration declined in the elderly with the lowest nadolol dose.
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mitenko
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sitar
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Penner
authors.forename: F Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Aoki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009248:Nadolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D009248:Nadolol; D000450:Aldosterone; D003404:Creatinine; D012083:Renin; D009638:Norepinephrine