title: Treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis with orally administered allopurinol riboside.
abstract: Eighteen patients received 1,250 mg of allopurinol riboside (AR) four times daily for 28 d. Nine of the patients concurrently received 500 mg probenecid (PB) four times daily. Cure was assessed clinically and parasitologically. Patients who had culture-positive and nonhealing lesions 3 mo after therapy received pentavalent antimony. Of the nine patients who received AR alone, four (44%) had clinical improvement at the end of therapy and two (22%) were culture-negative. A third patient became culture negative at 2 mo after therapy. The culture-negative patients were completely healed at 1 mo and remained so at 1 y after therapy. Of the nine patients who received AR plus PB, four had complete healing and two had clinical improvement at the end of therapy; however, all patients remained culture-positive. At 2-3 mo after therapy, six (67%) of the patients were completely healed, and of these, five (56%) were culture-negative. The drug was well-tolerated.
authors.affiliation: Gorgas Memorial Laboratory, Panama City, Republic of Panama.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Saenz
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Paz
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Marr
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Pattishall
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000187:drug effects; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011339:Probenecid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012263:Ribonucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012867:Skin / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D012263:Ribonucleosides; D000493:Allopurinol; D011339:Probenecid; C021958:allopurinol riboside