title: Survey of interactions between middle ear and inner ear.
abstract: Diseases with interaction between the middle ear and inner ear include 1) congenital anomalies, 2) trauma, 3) infection/inflammation, 4) tumors, 5) granulomas, 6) ototoxic eardrops, 7) cochlear implants, 8) otosclerosis, 9) Meniere's disease-decompensated, and Meniere's disease with perilymphatic fistula, and 10) perilymphatic hypertension. Clinical and pathological characteristics are briefly categorized in this survey. The clinical utility of exploratory tympanotomy in diagnosis and treatment of middle ear pathology and middle ear/inner ear interactions is commented upon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Paparella
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Schachern
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D004423:Ear / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000293:injuries; D004427:Ear Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000473:pathology*; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans