title: Conchal cartilage and composite grafts for correction of lower lid retraction.
abstract: Lower eyelid retraction may be due to vertical deficiency of the anterior lamella, supporting cartilage, or posterior lamella. We have used autologous cartilage grafts from the conchal bowl for reconstruction of the central lamella, reestablishing and augmenting support of the lower lid. The positioning of the graft is dependent on the specific anatomic deficiency, and the etiology of the lid retraction must be carefully evaluated. In patients with posterior lamella deficiency, the contracted lower lid retractors and conjunctiva are released and the graft is placed facing the bulbar conjunctiva and is allowed to reepithelialize. In patients in whom there is an associated skin deficiency, composite auricular grafts are used. We present our experience in 33 patients with lower lid retraction. Twenty-three patients required placement of a cartilage graft only, while 10 patients had an associated skin deficiency requiring placement of composite cartilage. In nine patients the cartilage graft was seated against the bulbar conjunctiva and allowed to reepithelialize. Reepithelialization was complete within 3 1/2 weeks in all but two of these patients. This technique has provided stable lid support in all 33 patients.
authors.affiliation: Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Argenta
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004425:Ear Cartilage; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D005142:Eyelid Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013524:Surgical Flaps