title: Efficacy of a new needleless insulin delivery system monitoring of blood glucose fluctuations and free insulin levels.
abstract: A new insulin delivery system Vitajet has been invented which involves a high-pressure spring and obviates the use of needle injections. To study its efficacy we compared blood glucose fluctuations, integrated glycemia, free insulin and total free insulin concentrations in six insulin-dependent diabetics. After obtaining a steady state of carbohydrate metabolism overnight by feedback control through the artificial endocrine pancreas (AEP) Biostator, the patients received their usual morning and evening doses of insulin by either conventional injection or Vitajet in random order. Blood glucose levels were significantly lower after Vitajet than conventional injections (p less than 0.04) between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., but the difference disappeared from 4 p.m. onwards. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of glucose fluctuations were lower after Vitajet (28036 +/- 4655 vs 31086 +/- 2310 mg. min% mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.01). AUCs for free insulin concentrations (microU.min/ml) were close: 39286 +/- 4510 (Vitajet) vs 30597 +/- 3575 (conventional). It is concluded that Vitajet constitutes an efficient needleless route for administering insulin pulses.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Internal Medicine-Propaedeutic, Athens University, Evangelismos Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Katoulis
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Drosinos
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Dimitriadis
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hadjidakis
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Mavrokefalos
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Raptis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007277:Injections, Jet; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin