title: Ultrastructural demonstration of increased sulfated proteoglycans and calcium associated with chondrocyte cytoplasmic processes and matrix vesicles in rat growth plate cartilage.
abstract: A monoclonal antibody (3-B-3) to chondroitin 6-sulfated proteoglycan was used with immunoperoxidase electron microscopy to study the relationship of chondrocyte cytoplasmic processes and matrix vesicles in rat epiphyseal growth plate cartilage. Immunoperoxidase staining of the chondrocyte plasmalemma was found at all levels in the growth plate and was most prominent in the hypertrophic zone. The plasmalemma and matrix of the cytoplasmic process often demonstrated stronger reactivity than the remainder of the cell surface. Matrix vesicles showed weak to strong surface or internal reactivity. The majority of them stained very similarly to the cytoplasmic process. X-ray microanalysis of specimens processed by rapid freezing and freeze substitution confirmed that both sulfur and calcium were localized within or in close association with both the cytoplasmic process and the matrix vesicle, suggesting a chemical combination of calcium with sulfated proteoglycans at both sites. These results indicate that there is a selective increase in the concentration of membrane-associated sulfated proteoglycan and calcium in the cell process, from which matrix vesicles may be released into the extracellular matrix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kagami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000032:analysis; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000032:analysis*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000032:analysis*; D005615:Freezing; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000032:analysis / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013455:Sulfur / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D011509:Proteoglycans; D010758:Phosphorus; D013455:Sulfur; D002118:Calcium