title: Therapeutic and staging operations for endometrial carcinomas.
abstract: A staging error can lead to a treatment failure in the management of patients with malignant diseases. The actual progression of endometrial carcinoma was postoperatively examined in twenty patients with clinical stage II disease classified by FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) criteria. In seven of 20 patients (35%), extrauterine lesions were revealed at surgery. These seven stage-up tumors included three grade 3 endometrioid cancers, three uterine papillary serous carcinomas (UPSC) and one grade 2 endometrioid tumor with deep myometrial invasion. The sites of the extrauterine lesions were determined. The grade 2 cancer was associated with parametrial invasions and positive pelvic lymph nodes. One grade 3 endometrioid tumor and two UPSCs had positive periaortic lymph nodes. Omental involvements were revealed in one grade 3 cancer and two UPSCs, indicating that the pattern of spreading of endometrial cancer with a malignant histology is similar to the spreading of ovarian cancer. Since the both endometrium and ovarian surface epithelium have a common histologic origin in the early embryonic stage, a similar biological characteristics of these tumors are suggested. From the results, it is recommended that a radical hysterectomy with periaortic lymph node dissection, omentectomy and peritoneal washing cytology be performed for endometrial cancer with a malignant histology or deep myometrial invasion to obtain the actual staging which is necessary for maximal curative potential.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Re
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yakushiji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*