title: Fragmentation of bile duct stones by extracorporeal shock waves. A new approach to biliary calculi after failure of routine endoscopic measures.
abstract: A prospective uncontrolled multicenter trial was performed on 113 patients with bile duct stones in whom routine endoscopic approaches for removal of the calculi had failed. These represented 8.3% of the patients referred to the participating centers for endoscopic extraction of the stones. Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy using the Dornier kidney lithotripter achieved stone disintegration in 103 patients (91%). Complete stone clearance from the bile ducts was obtained in 97 patients (86%) after a median of 4 days following extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. Adverse effects, mostly mild, occurred in 36% of the patients. A 30-day mortality rate of 0.9% (in-hospital mortality rate = 1.8%) of this high-risk group with a mean age of 72 yr and a cholangitis rate of 26% compared favorably with the data given for open surgery. We therefore consider extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy a useful method for the treatment of bile duct stones not amenable to routine endoscopic measures.
authors.affiliation: Med. Klinik II, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of Munich, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sauerbruch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography