Selected topics in statistical analysis of clinical research.
Statistical analysis usually is employed in the evaluation of clinical research studies. This paper reviews and makes recommendations in three areas frequently overlooked in the conduct of clinical research: power analysis, specification of a priori research hypotheses, and Bayesian analysis. Power analysis determines the number of subjects required to conduct a meaningful study and should be performed during the planning phase. Research and null hypotheses are essential elements of research design and should be specified prior to statistical analysis. Bayesian analysis can be used both to evaluate diagnostic tests and as an alternative to traditional statistical approaches for testing multiple hypotheses. Application of these methods is described and clinical examples are provided. The discussion is nontechnical and is directed toward the clinical researcher.
Baer
L
L
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.
Ahern
D K
DK
D000368:Aged; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D003704:Dementia / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000187:drug effects; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011336:Probability; D011897:Random Allocation