title: The effects of smoking on the mood, cardiovascular and adrenergic reactivity of heavy and light smokers in a non-stressful environment.
abstract: Following a period of overnight deprivation, 58 smokers participated in a 90-min laboratory assessment in which they viewed a non-stressful movie and smoked two 0.5-mg nicotine-containing cigarettes. The first cigarette was given to all subjects following 25 min of adaptation and baseline. The next cigarette was provided at their request, which occurred 9-12 min later. "Heavy" and "light" smokers were grouped according to their average morning cotinine values, which fell above or below 250 ng/ml, respectively. The results showed that, relative to their baseline, heavy and light smokers experienced about the same level of post-smoking change in blood nicotine, heart rate and blood pressure. However, heavy smokers showed a significantly greater delta from baseline in post-smoking measures of epinephrine, norepinephrine, tension reduction and increase in vigor enhancement. A strong and consistent correlation was observed between post-smoking increases in epinephrine, tension reduction and increased vigor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cinciripini
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Benedict
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Vunakis
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mace
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lapitsky
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitchens
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nezami
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Gjika
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects*; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003367:Cotinine / Q000097:blood; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology*; D012931:Social Environment
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine; D003367:Cotinine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine