title: Cardiac disease in pregnancy.
abstract: Pregnancy produces many hemodynamic alterations of the cardiovascular system. Consideration of these alterations must be given in the management of pregnant patients with cardiac disease. This article reviews the cardiovascular hemodynamic alterations of pregnancy, and the management of pregnant patients with specific cardiac lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Gianopoulos
mesh_terms: D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors