title: Hepatobiliary and gallium imaging findings in gallbladder perforation: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Gallbladder perforation is an unusual condition with a high mortality rate. Early detection with prompt surgical intervention can increase the survival rate. Hepatobiliary imaging using Technetium-99m-labeled iminodiacetic acid has been used for the diagnosis of gallbladder perforation. However, the results vary and are somewhat confusing. The authors report a case of gallbladder perforation with hepatobiliary imaging and an unusual gallium image; review the literature; and propose a classification of three different imaging patterns: 1) visualization of the gallbladder with bile leakage, 2) nonvisualization of the gallbladder with a photopenic fluid collection, and 3) nonvisualization of the gallbladder with bile leakage. These patterns may provide pathophysiologic information for surgeon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Siegel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005710:Gallium Radioisotopes; D006801:Humans; D007098:Imino Acids; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019785:Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin
chemical_list: D005710:Gallium Radioisotopes; D007098:Imino Acids; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D019785:Technetium Tc 99m Disofenin