title: Nephrolithiasis resulting in intermittent ureteral obstruction in a cow.
abstract: Bilateral nephrolithiasis with intermittent ureterolithiasis was diagnosed in a 7-year old Holstein cow. Two episodes of ureterolithiasis resulted in severe azotemia which resolved after spontaneous movement of the stone. A third episode of obstruction one year after the initial episode resulted in rupture of one kidney, necessitating euthanasia. The histopathological examination of the kidney was diagnostic for chronic pyelonephritis. Corynebacterium sp. was cultured from a nephrolith. In this case it is believed that the chronic pyelonephritis predisposed to the calculi formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Divers
authors.forename: V B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Reef
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Roby
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*