title: A computer-assisted medical diagnostic consultation service. Implementation and prospective evaluation of a prototype.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the accuracy of a computer-aided consultation service using academic general internists and the Quick Medical Reference (QMR) diagnostic program: and to study the impact of the consultation on the diagnostic behavior of physicians caring for patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of the diagnostic accuracy of computer-aided consultation in 31 cases, as well as a prospective study of ward team diagnoses and opinions before and after consultation.
  
  
  METHODS
  General medicine wards of two tertiary care centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one patients identified as posing a diagnostic challenge and meeting eligibility criteria, as well as the housestaff caring for these patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 6 months follow-up, diagnoses were established in 20 of 31 cases. The diagnostic sensitivity of the computer-assisted diagnoses, 85% (95% CI, 56% to 97%), was similar to that of the consult service physicians, 80% (95% CI, 55% to 94%), but better than that of the ward teams, 60% (95% CI, 33% to 81%; P = 0.03 using the binomial test). The consultation influenced the postconsultation differential diagnoses of the ward teams in 26 of the 31 cases (95% CI, 92% to 95%). House officers rated the consultation service as being educationally helpful in 25 of the 31 cases (95% CI, 62% to 94%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Computer-aided diagnostic consultation, when provided by physicians familiar with the limitations of the system and capable of overriding inappropriate suggestions, was both accurate and educationally helpful in most cases. The system provided reasonable diagnostic suggestions not previously considered by the ward teams and these suggestions were valued sufficiently to cause alteration of the original differential diagnoses.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bankowitz
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Challinor
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005103:Expert Systems; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans; D007388:Internal Medicine; D011446:Prospective Studies