title: Plasma 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol as new clinical marker of glycemic control in NIDDM patients.
abstract: To elucidate the value of using plasma 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (AG) as a marker of glycemic control in diabetic patients, the relationship between the plasma concentration of AG and glucosuria was examined in 152 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). After recovery from the deterioration of glycemic control in NIDDM patients had started, AG began to increase day by day. The recovery of plasma AG showed a constant linear increase curve when excellent glycemic control was attained. The ordinary daily recovery rate of plasma AG was estimated to be 0.3 microgram/ml, which was independent of body weight, sex, age, the difference in treatment, the duration of diabetes, or the level of plasma AG among NIDDM patients. This rate decreased according to the increase in urinary glucose. When we calculated the decrease rate of plasma AG (delta AG), assuming 0.3 microgram/day to be the maximum increase rate in a day, we found a high correlation between delta AG and urinary glucose at almost all AG levels except the normal range and observed that plasma AG (A) times urinary glucose (G) was relatively constant. The formula A x G = 16 is a simple equation for rough estimation of urinary glucose from the plasma AG concentration in a stable glycemic-controlled NIDDM patient, and we call it the A.G index. The plasma AG also correlated significantly with fasting plasma glucose (r = -.810) and glycosylated hemoglobin (r = -.856) in the same stable glycemic-controlled NIDDM patients. Based on these observations, we propose that plasma AG can serve as a new marker that may provide sensitive and analytical information about glycemic control.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Teikyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamanouchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minoda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yabuuchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akanuma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akanuma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akaoka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D003837:Deoxy Sugars / Q000097:blood*; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000652:urine; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006029:Glycosuria; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003837:Deoxy Sugars; D007328:Insulin; C006584:1,5-anhydroglucitol; D003847:Deoxyglucose