Copper-induced binding of cellular factors to yeast metallothionein upstream activation sequences.
Copper-inducible transcription of the yeast metallothionein gene (CUP1) occurs by means of cis-acting upstream activation sequences (UAS) and trans-acting cellular factors. We have used a high-resolution chromosomal footprinting technique to detect the interaction of cellular factors with UASCUP1. Our results demonstrate that one or more cellular factors bind to UASCUP1 in a copper-inducible fashion. This copper-inducible binding is enhanced in a yeast strain that harbors several copies of the positive regulatory gene ACE1 and is not detectable in yeast cells that contain a nonfunctional (ace1-delta 1) locus. The correlation between yeast metallothionein gene activation and copper-inducible occupation of UASCUP1 sequences suggests that the binding of metallothionein transcriptional regulatory factors to cis-acting control sequences is copper-inducible.
Huibregtse
J M
JM
Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0606.
Engelke
D R
DR
Thiele
D J
DJ
D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005796:Genes / Q000187:drug effects*; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects*; D005809:Genes, Regulator / Q000187:drug effects*; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
C060256:CUP2 protein, S cerevisiae; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D003300:Copper; D008668:Metallothionein