title: Changes in chemical structure and function in Escherichia coli cell membranes caused by freeze-thawing. II. Membrane lipid state and response of cells to dehydration.
abstract: Glycerol and spermine prevented the freeze-induced alteration of lipid character in membrane fragments derived from Escherichia coli B logarithmic-phase cells, protecting against loss of membrane function and subsequently maintaining higher cell viability. The membrane specimens derived from the stationary-phase cells exhibited high resistance to freezing-induced alteration of the membrane lipid character, and to freezing injury. Freeze-drying of membrane fragment specimens from both logarithmic- and stationary-phase cells gave rise to alterations in lipid state similar to those shown in freeze-thawing of logarithmic-phase cell membrane specimens. Freeze-drying brought about reduction of cell viability in both growth phase specimens. It is suggested, therefore, that the fundamental cause of the injury induced by freezing of living materials is dehydration of lipid-rich systems such as cellular membranes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Souzu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kojima
mesh_terms: D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005454:Fluorescence Polarization; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005615:Freezing; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D013096:Spermine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D014867:Water; D013096:Spermine; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase; C023107:NADH oxidase; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D005990:Glycerol; C013641:parinaric acid