title: Congenital adduction palsy and synergistic divergence: a clinical and electro-oculographic study.
abstract: We studied two patients with a peculiar congenital disturbance of ocular motility in which the horizontal movements of the left eye were always opposite the normal expected direction. The common features were: (1) congenital monocular adduction palsy and exotropia of the left eye; (2) simultaneous abduction of both eyes (divergence) on attempted dextroversion; (3) ocular torticollis, head turned to the right; and (4) inverse nystagmus of the left eye, occurring spontaneously as well as during optokinetic and vestibular testing. Clinical and electrooculographic findings suggested a close relationship to Duane's retraction syndrome and supported the concept that innervational mechanisms were responsible for the phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cruysberg
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Mtanda
authors.forename: K U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Duinkerke-Eerola
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Huygen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004585:Electrooculography; D005099:Exotropia / Q000151:congenital*; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000503:physiopathology; D009886:Ophthalmoplegia / Q000151:congenital* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012438:Saccades; D013285:Strabismus / Q000151:congenital*