title: Ovarian ultrasound appearances in Turner syndrome.
abstract: We performed pelvic ultrasound assessment in 104 patients with Turner syndrome aged 0.2 to 17.4 years; 69 had the 45,X karyotype and 35 had variant karyotypes. Ovarian appearances were classified as "streak" (n = 70, including 30 patients in whom no ovary could be seen) or "nonstreak" (n = 34). The nonstreak ovaries ranged from small glands, sometimes containing minute cysts, to ovaries indistinguishable from those which are normal for age. Nonstreak ovaries retained a range of function, as evidenced in some cases by spontaneous breast development and uterine enlargement. The proportion of nonstreak ovaries followed a U-shaped pattern, with a nadir from 4 to 10 years; this follows the known biphasic pattern of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion. Only those patients with karyotype variants in which the long arm of the X chromosome was retained fared better than those with the 45,X karyotype.
authors.affiliation: Middlesex Hospital Endocrine Unit, London, England.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Massarano
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Preece
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010053:Ovary / Q000473:pathology*; D011627:Puberty; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D014463:Ultrasonography