title: Evidence that guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate stimulates plasma membrane Ca2+ inflow when introduced into hepatocytes.
abstract: 1. Slowly hydrolysable analogues of GTP were introduced into hepatocytes by incubating the cells in the absence of Mg2+ and in the presence of ATP4-. Experiments using guanosine 5'-[gamma-[35S]thio]triphosphate (GTP[35S])indicated that about 50% of the GTP[S] loaded into the cells was subsequently hydrolysed. 2. In cells loaded with GTP[S] and incubated in the absence of added extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+o), the rate of activation of glycogen phosphorylase observed after addition of 1.3 mM-Ca2+o was 250% greater than the rate observed in unloaded cells. Smaller effects (130%) were observed in cells loaded with either guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate or guanosine 5-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]). Cells loaded with adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate showed no increase in glycogen phosphorylase activity on addition of Ca2+o. 3. The effect of a submaximal concentration of GTP[S] on the Ca2+-induced activation of glycogen phosphorylase was additive with that of a half-maximally effective concentration of vasopressin. GTP[S] did not increase the effect of a maximally effective concentration of the hormone. 4. Cells loaded with GTP[S] exhibited an increased initial rate of 45Ca2+ exchange measured at 1.3 mM-Ca2+o. 5. GTP[S] did not affect the amount of 45Ca2+ exchanged by cells incubated at 0.1 mM-Ca2+o or the ability of vasopressin to release 45Ca2+ from these cells. 6. It is concluded that the introduction of slowly hydrolysable analogues of GTP to the liver cell cytoplasmic space stimulates the inflow of Ca2+ across the plasma membrane through a channel similar to that activated by vasopressin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Flinders University School of Medicine, South Australia.
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Barritt
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D006005:Phosphorylases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013873:Thionucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013873:Thionucleotides; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D006005:Phosphorylases; D002118:Calcium