title: Interventional radiology in the gallbladder.
abstract: This article is a pictorial review of the current status of interventional radiology of the gallbladder. The indications and technical aspects of various procedures are presented. Specifically discussed are: (1) needle puncture for percutaneous biopsy, withdrawal of bile for culture, or imaging of the biliary tract; (2) catheter insertion for decompression or abscess drainage; and (3) gallstone management via contact dissolution, fragmentation and basketing, or contact lithotripsy. The management of vagal hypotension and bile leak, the major complication of these procedures is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California Medical Center, San Diego 92115.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: vanSonnenberg
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casola
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Varney
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zakko
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Wittich
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hofmann
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization; D002758:Cholangiography; D004322:Drainage; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011677:Punctures; D014463:Ultrasonography