title: Effect of carbohydrate refeeding on free fatty acids after a fast in obese diabetic and obese non-diabetic females.
abstract: The metabolic effects of refeeding with oral or intravenous carbohydrate were studied in obese women after ten or 14 days of fasting. Seven patients were refed with protein-free fruit juice for a total of 250 g of carbohydrate (1,000 kcal) over ten hours. The juice was sipped continuously throughout this time, causing a drop in free fatty acids (FFA) from 1.07 +/- 0.08 to 0.61 +/- 0.05 mmol/L (P less than .01) over the first four hours. Over the next four hours, despite continuous ingestion of the carbohydrate and elevated plasma glucose (132 +/- 9 mg/dL) and insulin (2.81 +/- 0.86 ng/mL) (1 ng/mL = 25 microU/mL), FFA rose to 0.99 mmol/L (P less than .01). Similar results were obtained in five patients refed with similar amounts of oral glucose and four patients who received an equivalent amount of glucose intravenously (IV). Refeeding with carbohydrate of obese diabetic and non-diabetic women after a two-week fast caused an abrupt decrease in FFA that was followed after four hours by an increase in FFA and glycerol, despite continued ingestion of carbohydrate glucose and insulin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fisler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: LoPresti
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Nicoloff
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bray
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005215:Fasting; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000097:blood; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D005990:Glycerol; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid