title: Natural history of recurrent carotid artery disease.
abstract: Controversy exists as to whether early and late recurrent stenosis of the carotid artery represents two distinct types of recurrence or whether it is the same type of lesion detected at different times. Eleven specimens from patients whose carotid arteries were reoperated upon were examined. A temporal sequence was noted: with increasing intervals, the relative presence of areas of myointimal hyperplasia tended to decrease, whereas the relative presence of features of atherosclerosis tended to increase. The clinical data and B-mode ultrasound studies performed from one to 190 months after 210 carotid endarterectomies were reviewed. Twenty-seven carotid arteries (12.9 per cent) exhibited hemodynamically significant restenosis. Three ultrasonographic patterns were described: homogenous soft plaque, homogenous hard plaque and heterogenous plaque. A previous correlation between ultrasonographic and pathologic findings showed the three ultrasound patterns to correlate with myointimal hyperplasia, fibrous atherosclerotic plaque and complex atherosclerotic plaque, respectively. Soft plaques were detected earlier than heterogenous plaques (p less than 0.001). Results from serial studies showed progression of soft plaque to hard or heterogenous plaque, or both. Early and late recurrent lesions are the same type of lesion detected at different intervals. Symptoms of cerebral ischemia are more common at the stage of heterogenous plaque (p = 0.02).
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68131.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Sterpetti
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Feldhaus
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hacker
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Davenport
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Richardson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000601:surgery; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004691:Endarterectomy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography