title: Visualization of chandelier cell axons by parvalbumin immunoreactivity in monkey cerebral cortex.
abstract: Antibodies directed against the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin label a subpopulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid-releasing neurons in the cerebral cortex that is thought to have particular metabolic and physiological properties. The chandelier cell is a well-characterized morphological type of gamma-aminobutyric acid-releasing cortical interneuron, the axon of which possesses very distinctive terminal portions located around the initial axon segments of pyramidal cells. In the pre- and postcentral gyri of the monkey, we found that these distinctive terminal portions of chandelier cell axons were immunocytochemically stained for parvalbumin in a manner that reveals their complete structure. The chandelier cell axons were identified light-microscopically as short, vertically oriented rows of parvalbumin-positive puncta (PV-Rs). The PV-Rs varied in both length and complexity and were located beneath unstained pyramidal cells. PV-Rs were very numerous in layers II-III, where most pyramidal cells appeared to have a PV-R beneath them. Fewer PV-Rs were found in deeper layers, and in layer VI PV-Rs were rare. With EM all PV-Rs could be seen to form multiple synaptic contacts of the symmetrical type on the initial segments of pyramidal cell axons. Parvalbumin immunoreactivity can therefore be used as a reliable marker for chandelier cell axons.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neuroanatomy, Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: DeFelipe
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hendry
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000032:analysis / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007395:Interneurons / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000032:analysis*; D013569:Synapses / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009124:Muscle Proteins; D010320:Parvalbumins; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid