title: Orienteering performance and ingestion of glucose and glucose polymers.
abstract: The benefit of glucose polymer ingestion in addition to 2.5 per cent glucose before and during a prolonged orienteering competition was studied. The final time in the competition in the group ingesting 2.5 per cent glucose (group G, n = 10) was 113 min 37 s +/- 8 min 11 s, and in the group which had additionally ingested glucose polymer (group G + GP, n = 8) 107 min 18s +/- 4 min 41 s (NS). One fifth (21 per cent) of the time difference between the two groups was due to difference in orienteering errors. Group G + GP orienteered the last third of the competition faster than group G (p less than 0.05). The time ratio between the last third of the competition and the first third of the competition was lower in group G + GP than in group G (p less than 0.05). After the competition, there was statistically insignificant tendency to higher serum glucose and lower serum free fatty acid concentrations in group G + GP, and serum insulin concentration was higher in group G + GP than in group G (p less than 0.05). Three subjects reported that they exhausted during the competition. These same three subjects had the lowest serum glucose concentrations after the competition (2.9 mmol.1(-1), 2.9 mmol.1(-1), 3.5 mmol.1(-1] and all of them were from group G. It is concluded that glucose polymer syrup ingestion is beneficial for prolonged psychophysical performance.
authors.affiliation: Paavo Nurmi Centre, Sports Medical Research Unit, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: U M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Kujala
authors.forename: O J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kvist
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Kärkkäinen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marniemi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niittymäki
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Havas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004526:Efficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance; D013177:Sports
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005947:Glucose