title: Duplication of stomatodeal structures: report of three cases with literature review and suggestion for classification.
abstract: Three cases of duplications of stomatodeal structures are reported. One had an accessory mouth that could move simultaneously with his mouth at sternal notch. Another had a teeth-bearing bony mass at left maxilla with excessive upper lip and a false pouch. The third had an excessive upper lip, upper jaw with teeth, and hard and soft palate. The literature is reviewed, and a classification is suggested: type I, a duplicated mouth; type II, duplication of maxilla-upper lip or mandible-lower lip complex; and type III, centrally located, poorly developed lip-jaw duplication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Noordhoff
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000145:classification*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D018640:Stomatognathic System Abnormalities; D013518:Surgery, Plastic