[Immune glomerulopathies of toxic origin. Possible mechanisms of induction].
Mechanisms of toxic-induced autoimmunity including drug-induced autoimmune glomerulonephritis are unknown. In the mercury-induced autoimmune disease in Brown-Norway (BN) rats it has been shown that B cells are polyclonally activated provided that T cells are present. Autoreactive T cells that recognized self-Ia on normal B cells have been found to be highly frequent in HgCl2-injected BN rats. It has been possible to transfer all the autoimmune abnormalities by injecting T cells from HgCl2-exposed BN rats into normal syngeneic animals. However the recipient had to be depleted in suppressor/cytotoxic T cells by treatment with an anti-CD8 antibody for a full-blown disease to appear. These experiments show that a toxic agent may induce an autoimmune glomerulonephritis in the context of an autoimmune disease by generating or expanding anti-self Ia autoreactive T cells provided that suppressor/cytotoxic T cells have been inhibited. Autoreactive T cells are probably responsible for the polyclonal activation of B cells in this model. This mechanism does not rule out that other mechanisms could play a role.
Druet
P
P
U 28 INSERM, Hôpital Broussais, Paris.
Tournade
H
H
Pelletier
L
L
Rossert
J
J
Pasquier
R
R
D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000276:immunology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008627:Mercuric Chloride; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D008627:Mercuric Chloride
Glomérulopathies immunes d'origine toxique. Mécanismes possibles d'induction.