title: Effects of free fatty acids and ketone bodies on in vivo non-insulin-mediated glucose utilization and production in humans.
abstract: The current study was undertaken to examine the effect of an acute elevation of serum levels of free fatty acids (FFA) and ketone bodies (KB) on non-insulin-mediated glucose uptake (NIMGU) in humans. The study group consisted of 11 healthy men, mean age (+/- SD) 30 (+/- 7) years and mean weight (+/- SD) 72 (+/- 7) kg. To examine the effects of FFA levels on NIMGU and insulin-mediated glucose uptake (IMGU), glucose uptake was measured isotopically (3H-3-glucose) in six subjects on four separate days during saline infusion or lipid + heparin infusion with concomitant infusions of somatostatin (SHIF, 0.16 micrograms/kg/min) with or without insulin infusion (40 mU/m2/min) while the serum glucose level was clamped at approximately 11 mmol/L. To examine the effect of KB on NIMGU, saline or sodium acetoacetate (20 mumol/kg/min) was infused in five subjects on separate days during SRIF-induced insulinopenia while the serum glucose level was clamped sequentially at euglycemia and at approximately 11 mmol/L. During insulinopenia basal FFA levels rose twofold during saline infusion and sixfold during infusion of lipid + heparin. Rates of NIMGU were 2.49 +/- 0.27 v 2.41 +/- 0.14 mg/kg/min during saline and lipid infusion, respectively (P = NS). Rates of IMGU were decreased by 55% during lipid + heparin infusion. During insulinopenia basal beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOB) levels rose twofold during saline and approximately 11-fold during sodium acetoacetate infusion. Rates of NIMGU were unchanged by the sodium acetoacetate infusion at euglycemia and hyperglycemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, CA.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brechtel
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Edelman
mesh_terms: D000090:Acetoacetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000172:deficiency / Q000494:pharmacology; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000090:Acetoacetates; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D007657:Ketone Bodies; C016635:acetoacetic acid; D005947:Glucose