title: Long-term culturing of TPA-induced differentiated HL-60 cells results in increased levels of lytic enzymes.
abstract: After exposure to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), cells of the promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60, differentiate into macrophage-like cells. Within 24 h the cells adhere to the surface of the culture flask and increase production of nonspecific esterases. The intracellular concentration of the serine proteases increases two- to threefold within 4 days and continues to increase as the cells develop into mature macrophages. The acid hydrolases, lysozyme and beta-glucuronidase, were secreted by the differentiated cells. Both the intracellular and extracellular concentrations of these enzymes continued to increase as the cells matured. The fully differentiated cells readily phagocytized opsonized yeast cells. Phagocytosis had little effect on the secretion of acid hydrolases, while intracellular proteases increased significantly. The fully differentiated HL-60 cells resembled normal macrophages regarding all parameters studied. Viability of the differentiated cells exceeded 50% when cultured for 30 days. Therefore, these cells should prove to be a useful tool for the study of macrophage function with respect to microorganisms that are resistant to destruction by phagocytic cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ireland Research Laboratory, University of North Dakota Medical School, Grand Forks 58202.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ackerman
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Duerre
mesh_terms: D002176:Candida albicans; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002918:Chymotrypsin / Q000378:metabolism; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; D009113:Muramidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D006867:Hydrolases; D009113:Muramidase; D005966:Glucuronidase; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D002918:Chymotrypsin; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate