title: The potentiating action of tetrandrine in combination with chloroquine or qinghaosu against chloroquine-sensitive and resistant falciparum malaria.
abstract: Using chloroquine-sensitive (CS) and chloroquine-resistant (CR) strains of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro, interactions between tetrandrine (TT) and either chloroquine (CQ) or qinghaosu (QHS, artemisinin) were assessed using isobolograms. Sums of the fractional inhibitory concentration for the combination of the two drugs are less than one and therefore, we can conclude that in vitro TT and CQ or QHS act synergistically against CS and CR falciparum malaria. Remarkably, using CR malaria, TT can lower the IC50 dose of CQ as much as 40 fold. These drug combinations may impair the advantage that the development of CQ resistance conveys on the parasite.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biologics of America, Stonewood, West Virginia 26301.
authors.forename: Z G
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Dyke
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castranova
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037621:Artemisinins; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004357:Drug Synergism; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C009438:tetrandrine; D002738:Chloroquine; C031327:artemisinin