title: Controlled trial of nicotine polacrilex gum with supportive measures.
abstract: In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, 2-year prospective study, 182 smokers were given either nicotine polacrilex gum containing 4 mg of nicotine (n = 92) or a placebo (n = 90). The number of participants abstinent at 2-year follow-up was 41 (44.6%) of 92 in the nicotine group vs 28 (31.1%) of 90 in the placebo group. Abstinence rates for daily nicotine gum users (n = 64) at 12 months and again at 24 months remained 48.4%, as compared with 26.1% and 31.9% for the daily placebo gum users (n = 69). Of participants with a high nicotine-dependence score, those allotted to the nicotine group rather than to the placebo group were 13 times more likely to be abstaining at the 2-year follow-up. Use of nicotine polacrilex gum, therefore, can substantially aid in stopping smoking, particularly among highly dependent smokers.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Reykjavik Health Centre, Heilsuverndarstödin, Iceland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blöndal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002638:Chewing Gum; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010919:Placebos; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000628:therapy*; D012944:Social Support; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D061485:Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
chemical_list: D002638:Chewing Gum; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins; D010919:Placebos; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D011145:Polyvinyls; D009538:Nicotine