title: Oral contraceptives and lipids and lipoproteins: Part I--Variations in mean levels by oral contraceptive type.
abstract: A randomized clinical trial of oral contraceptives evaluated 67 women on 50 micrograms ethinyl estradiol (EE) and 1.0 mg norethindrone (NE), 61 women on 35 micrograms EE and 1.0 mg NE, and 64 women on 35 micrograms EE and 0.5 mg NE. Fasting lipids and lipoproteins were measured at baseline, three, six and nine months. All groups showed an increase in plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein/apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-1. The group taking the preparation with 0.5 mg of NE was the only one to result in an elevation of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; the other two groups showed declines in the mean levels of this lipoprotein over the study time period. Mean changes in lipid/lipoprotein levels associated with oral contraceptive use appear to be at least partially related to the doses of the contraceptive steroids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202.
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Burkman
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Zacur
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kimball
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kwiterovich
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000032:analysis; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000032:analysis; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000032:analysis; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009640:Norethindrone / Q000009:adverse effects; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D002784:Cholesterol; D009640:Norethindrone