title: Pulmonary agenesis association with nonimmune hydrops.
abstract: Bilateral pulmonary agenesis is a rare malformation with 13 cases previously reported. To our knowledge, none of these cases have been associated with hydrops fetalis. We report a 36 weeks, hydropic female infant (46XX) with bilateral pulmonary agenesis, unilateral microophthalmia, and bilateral renal dysplasia. These eye and pulmonary findings have now been associated several times and may constitute a new syndrome. Ultrasound examination before delivery showed polyhydramnios and fetal hydrops. At autopsy the heart was structurally normal, aside from absent pulmonary connections. The ductus arteriosus was partially closed. This was felt to be etiologic in the hydrops. As the source of the amniotic fluid here could not be urine or pulmonary secretions, direct fluid transfer from fetal vasculature or skin was the likely origin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, SUNY Stony Brook 11794.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Engellenner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Van de Vegte
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D015160:Hydrops Fetalis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities; D008168:Lung / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008423:Maternal Age; D008850:Microphthalmos / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D013577:Syndrome; D014463:Ultrasonography