title: Bone metastasis as a non-stochastic process.
abstract: Bone metastasis may be considered a non-stochastic process, since the blood flow in bone is lower than that in other organs and most cancers do not have a tendency to metastasize to bone in in vivo experiments. Furthermore, the experimental model of bone metastasis, based on the ligation of major venous flow, can not explain the wide-spread bone metastasis which is commonly observed in clinical cases. These observations may be explained by the hypothesis that tumor cells have a phenotype for translocating to specific tissues and that tumor cell growth is controlled by the microenvironmental factors in situ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chigira
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001775:Blood Circulation; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis