title: Non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists protect against sound-induced seizures in DBA/2 mice.
abstract: Non-competitive antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor have been evaluated as anticonvulsants against sound-induced seizures in DBA/2 mice. The ED50 values for protection against sound-induced clonic seizures 15 min following the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration are: MK-801, ED50 = 0.5 nmol (i.c.v.); 0.14 mumol/kg (i.p.); phencyclidine, ED50 = 14 nmol (i.c.v.); 1.9 mumol/kg (i.p.); dextrorphan, ED50 = 35 nmol (i.c.v.); 18.5 mumol/kg (i.p.); tiletamine, ED50 = 40 nmol (i.c.v.); 5.6 mumol/kg (i.p.); SKF-10047, ED50 = 50 nmol (i.c.v.); 23.5 mumol/kg (i.p.); dextromethorphan, ED50 = 70 nmol (i.c.v.); 28.0 mumol/kg (i.p.); ketamine, ED50 = 110 nmol (i.c.v.); 15.5 mumol/kg (i.p.). The anticonvulsant effects of ketamine and tiletamine are of short duration (10-30 min), whereas the anticonvulsant effects of MK-801 and dextromethorphan last for 45 min or longer. The effects of phencyclidine, SKF-10047 and dextrorphan are of intermediate duration. Mild to moderate behavioural excitation is associated with the anticonvulsant activity of all the non-competitive NMDA antagonists. For MK-801, phencyclidine, dextrorphan, SKF-10047 and ketamine there is a close correlation between their relative anticonvulsant potencies and their potencies for displacing [3H]MK-801. The anticonvulsant effect is likely to be primarily mediated via NMDA antagonism at the PCP/MK-801 site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, U.K.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Meldrum
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D012640:Seizures / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D016202:N-Methylaspartate