title: Binding function in relation to injury risk in downhill skiing.
abstract: Time-trend studies suggest that in the recent past, the use of modern equipment and adequately functioning ski bindings have had a preventive effect on injuries. The question of whether a further decrease of injury figures can still be expected from better binding adjustment is investigated in a case-control study (N = 1,148) conducted among Dutch skiers. Nonrelease of both bindings directly before injury was associated with a higher risk (odds ratio = 3.3) for lower extremity (LE) injury. Binding release before LE injury was highest (31%) among those for whom adjustment was performed and then confirmed with a test device. The proportion of nonrelease is highest for knee injuries. No effect on injury risk could be found for the time of adjustment, the method of adjustment, or the person performing the adjustment. Direct measurement of binding function seems indispensable. The use of rented or borrowed skis was associated with a higher risk (odds ratio = 1.9) for LE injury. The same holds for ignorance concerning the type of ski and the age of the skis and bindings. We concluded that binding adjustment still seems to be a risk factor open to manipulation. The efficacy of intervention aimed at better adjustment should be studied experimentally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Care Research, University of Limburg, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bouter
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Knipschild
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Volovics
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011482:Protective Devices; D012307:Risk Factors; D012865:Skiing