title: Anti-fertility vaccines.
abstract: Vaccines are under development for the control of fertility in males and females. This review discusses developments in anti-fertility vaccines at the National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India. A single injection procedure for the sterilization or castration of male animals depending on the site at which the injection is given, has passed through field testing and is expected to be on the market in the near future. Vaccines inducing antibodies against the human chorionic gonadotropin have gone through phase I trials with satisfactory results. A vaccine producing a consistently bioeffective antibody response against gonadotropin-releasing hormone is ready for phase I/II clinical trials in patients of carcinoma of prostate after due experimentation in animals and toxicology studies. Research to identify sperm antigens for incorporation into second generation vaccines is in progress.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Immunology, Shaheed Jeet Singh Marg, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Talwar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raghupathy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D002369:Castration; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000276:immunology; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003272:Contraceptive Agents, Male; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000276:immunology; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003272:Contraceptive Agents, Male; D014612:Vaccines; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone