title: Juvenile parkinsonism with marked diurnal fluctuation.
abstract: We presented a report on four cases of juvenile parkinsonism with a marked diurnal fluctuation of symptoms and dystonia. Among parkinsonian signs, rigidity fluctuated the most and increasing rigidity by passive or active movements or emotional stress was observed. When we analyzed patients previously reported, in addition to our own new patients, apart from the diurnal fluctuation and predominant occurrence in females, many similarities to Yokochi's third group of juvenile parkinsonism were found. In the previous reports, the patients with the marked fluctuation of parkinsonian symptoms have not always shown dystonia. The changes of symptoms in relation to menstruation and pregnancy were other characteristic features in our three female patients. Here we proposed that for the present, it is preferable to call this disorder "juvenile parkinsonism with a marked diurnal fluctuation."
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chiba University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirayama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004421:Dystonia / Q000175:diagnosis; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009127:Muscle Rigidity / Q000175:diagnosis; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*