In vitro amplification techniques for the detection of nucleic acids: new tools for the diagnostic laboratory.
The acceptance of nucleic acid probes as diagnostic tools for the clinical laboratory has been hampered by a number of factors, including laborious techniques and limited sensitivity. The focus of this review is on the recent development of amplification techniques to enhance the signal generated by nucleic acid-based detection systems. Three general areas are discussed: (1) amplification of target sequences using the polymerase chain reaction or the transcript amplification system, (2) amplification of the probe sequences using Q beta replicase, and (3) amplification of probe-generated signals with compound or "Christmas tree" probes. The hope of these new technologies is to simplify yet improve on the sensitivity of nucleic acid-based tests to enable them to attain a more prominent place in the diagnostic repertoire of the clinical laboratory.
Persing
D H
DH
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
Landry
M L
ML
D000818:Animals; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000379:methods; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D011777:Q beta Replicase / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*
D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011777:Q beta Replicase