Strategies for the use of computational SAR methods in assessing genotoxicity.
The relationship between computational SAR studies and relevant data gathering and generation activities is complex. First, the chemical class to be studied is selected on the basis of information requirements for hazard identification and assessment. Membership in the class is determined by consideration of chemical structure and reactivity. Compilation of the existing bioassay data for this chemical class follows immediately from the specification of the class. Bioassay data, qualitative knowledge of general chemical reactivities in this class, and knowledge concerning potential interactions with biomolecular targets all contribute to the derivation of possible mechanisms for biological activity. Computational studies based on modeling the proposed mechanism of action and/or the existing data base can provide a quantitative basis for the differentiation between chemicals. There is the opportunity for continuing feedback between the quantitative computational studies and the development of a relevant bioassay data base for this chemical class. The qualitative and quantitative information on the potential biological responses obtained will provide a rational basis for extrapolation from the extant data base to the chemicals of interest, and to biological responses significant to the assessment for which complete data are unavailable. Knowledge concerning possible mechanisms of action and preexisting data determine the type of computational study that will be most useful.
Richard
A M
AM
Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
Rabinowitz
J R
JR
Waters
M D
MD
D000818:Animals; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007256:Information Systems; D008954:Models, Biological; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013816:Thermodynamics