Biological methods for monitoring exposure to genotoxic chemicals.
This paper includes description and evaluation of methods for monitoring exposures to genotoxic materials which are currently most frequently used. A total of nine methods is presented here: 1. measuring of the chemical or its metabolites in biological media, 2. determination of mutagenic activity in biological materials, 3. cytogenetic observations on human somatic cells, 4 detection of gene mutations in somatic cells, 5. determination of protein or nucleic acid adducts, 6. determination of tumour markers, 7. determination of DNA repair, 8. sperm assays, and 9. determination of nucleic acid damage byproducts. Each test is accompanied by a brief characterization with respect to its applicability in the assessment of health hazards lying in the exposure to the monitored substance.
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D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*