The chemotactic activity for granulocytes produced by virally infected fibroblasts is identical to monocyte-derived interleukin 8.
So far, the role of fibroblasts in inflammatory processes has been underestimated. We have previously shown that stimulation of fibroblasts with viruses or bacteria results in a simultaneous production of several cytokines, including interferon-beta, interleukin (IL) 6 and colony-stimulating factors. We here report that virally infected fibroblasts produce also a chemotactic factor for granulocytes. The activity is inducible not only by measles virus but also by IL 1 beta and the double-stranded RNA poly(rI).poly(rC). This factor, when purified to homogeneity, occurs as a 6-7-kDa protein doublet upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The pure protein is serologically related to a fully characterized granulocyte chemotactic peptide (GCP) from monocytes, designated IL8. Furthermore, the chemotactic factor from fibroblasts has an NH2-terminal sequence identical to that of GCP/IL8, small differences in NH2-terminal processing being observed. Finally, in addition to diploid fibroblasts, the osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line is also a producer of GCP/IL8. It can thus be concluded that GCP/IL8 can be produced by several cell types in response to infection and that fibroblasts can contribute to chemotaxis in inflammation.
Van Damme
J
J
Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Belgium.
Decock
B
B
Conings
R
R
Lenaerts
J P
JP
Opdenakker
G
G
Billiau
A
A
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000502:physiology; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D016207:Cytokines; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins / Q000502:physiology*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000494:pharmacology
D001685:Biological Factors; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded