title: Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in the European edible frog (Rana esculenta): spectral details and temperature dependence.
abstract: Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions were recorded in 41 ears of 29 European edible frogs (Rana esculenta). Emission frequencies ranged from 450 to 1350 Hz. The distribution of frequencies shows two distinct populations: one above and one below 1 kHz. With one exception, a maximum number of two emissions were recorded per ear, each in a different population. An amplitude distribution of a frog emission was sampled, from which it was concluded that the emission is generated by an active oscillator. The spectral width of an emission ranged from 1 to 200 Hz (average 38 Hz). There was negative correlation between sound pressure level of an emission and spectral width. In 4 frogs the dependence of emission power and frequency on temperature was investigated. An emission could be 'switched on and off' within a few degrees centigrade. At temperatures below the switching interval no emission was recorded; for higher temperatures emission power showed no dependence on temperature. Frequency increased with temperature (Q10 = 1.1 to 1.3). This yields a mismatch with temperature dependence of best frequencies of auditory fibers. The consequences of this mismatch are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Audiology, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wit
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Segenhout
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature; D004423:Ear / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011312:Pressure; D011893:Rana esculenta / Q000502:physiology*; D013016:Sound