Nonhormonal mediation of male reproductive tract damage: data from contraceptive drug research.
Chemicals can interfere with hormonal control of the male reproductive tract and/or directly alter male reproductive tract function. A review is presented of those chemicals developed and tested as male contraceptive agents which have a direct effect on the male reproductive tract with minimal disturbance of the hormonal milieu. Such chemicals can have one or more sites of action: 1) the testis, disturbing spermatogenesis; 2) the epididymis, altering sperm maturation; 3) the vas deferens, affecting sperm transport; and 4) the accessory sex glands, entering the ejaculate and changing the functional activity of the spermatozoa. Examples of each mode of action are presented.
Zaneveld
L J
LJ
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Rush University, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612-3864.
Waller
D P
DP
D000818:Animals; D003272:Contraceptive Agents, Male / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004822:Epididymis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
D003272:Contraceptive Agents, Male