Infection of brain cells by diverse human immunodeficiency virus isolates: role of CD4 as receptor.
Cell lines originally derived from malignant tumours of the brain were infected by diverse human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) isolates. By surface immunofluorescence it was shown that susceptible cells did not bear the CD4 antigen. They were also non-permissive for the formation of plaques by vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes and did not form syncytia with HIV-producing cells. Virus production was of low titre, and reverse transcriptase and the p24 antigen were consistently undetectable in the culture supernatants. Output virus could be detected by cocultivation with a sensitive T cell line, C8166, by the culture of supernatant medium with T cells and by detection of proviral HIV DNA after amplification. A higher multiplicity of input virus was required to establish a brain cell infection than was required for T lymphocytes or monocytes. Some HIV-susceptible brain cells contained mRNA for CD4 but infection was not blocked by anti-CD4 antibodies. Apparently HIV infection of these cells does not involve CD4 as the cellular receptor.
Weber
J
J
Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, U.K.
Clapham
P
P
McKeating
J
J
Stratton
M
M
Robey
E
E
Weiss
R
R
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000276:immunology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001921:Brain / Q000382:microbiology*; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005784:Gene Amplification; D006678:HIV / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000502:physiology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D004279:DNA, Viral; D012333:RNA, Messenger