title: Effect of the pulse length of ultrasound on cell membrane damage in vitro.
abstract: Suspended cells of a human lymphoblastic cell line were exposed to pulsed ultrasound of 775 kHz. The pulse lengths were varied between 16 and 1000 microseconds. The mark/space ratio was always kept at 1:1. Two ultrasound intensity levels were used: 3.6 and 6.4 W/cm2 spatial peak and temporal peak. After an exposure time of 5 min, cell membrane damage was measured cytometrically by a dye exclusion test. No membrane damage was observable at 16 microseconds, whereas, at pulse lengths of 1000 microseconds, about one-third of the cells were damaged.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Experimentelle Hämatologie, München, West Germany.
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Kober
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ellwart
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brettel
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane; D006801:Humans; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000473:pathology*; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000009:adverse effects*