title: [Artefacts, acoustic phenomena and basic principles of echogram interpretations].
abstract: Careful consideration is given to such important practical problems as the emergence and features of artefacts and acoustic phenomena arising in ultrasonic images. These are reverberation, comet's tail, hyperbolic artefacts, artefacts of reflection, refraction, focal distance, beam length, changes in velocity, marginal rays, etc.. Principles of uniform reading of ultrasound images are suggested.
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Demidov
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Zykin
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D014463:Ultrasonography
vernacular_title: Artefakty, akusticheskie fenomeny i osnovnye printsipy interpretatsii ékhogramm.