Dose-response relationship between urinary cadmium and beta 2-microglobulin in a Japanese environmentally cadmium exposed population.
This study was carried out to test the dose-response relationship between urinary cadmium (Cd) and beta 2-microglobulin(beta 2-mg) and also to estimate the biological threshold value of urinary Cd concentration in inhabitants exposed to environmental Cd. Urinary Cd and beta 2-mg were measured in 3178 inhabitants over 50 years of age in the Cd-polluted Kakehashi River basin in Japan and 294 inhabitants in non-polluted areas. Urinary Cd and beta 2-mg were significantly higher in the Cd-exposed subjects than in the non-exposed subjects. Prevalence rates of beta 2-microglobulinuria(beta 2-mg-uria) increased proportionally with increasing urinary Cd concentrations and probit linear regression lines could be calculated between them. The urinary Cd concentration corresponding to the prevalence rates of beta 2-mg-uria among non-exposed subjects was calculated using the regression line, and values of 3.8-4.0 micrograms Cd/g creatinine for men and 3.8-4.1 micrograms Cd/g creatinine for women, respectively, were obtained. These values may be of use in establishing the biological threshold of urinary Cd concentration in environmentally Cd-exposed populations.
Ishizaki
M
M
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.
Kido
T
T
Honda
R
R
Tsuritani
I
I
Yamada
Y
Y
Nakagawa
H
H
Nogawa
K
K
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002104:Cadmium / Q000652:urine*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D008875:Middle Aged; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000652:urine*
D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D002104:Cadmium