title: Multiple Harvey-ras genes in the bovine genome.
abstract: Three different Harvey-ras (Ha-ras) genes have been identified in the bovine genome by screening a lambda phage-bovine DNA library with the ras gene of the Harvey murine sarcoma virus. The genes have been characterized by hybridization and heteroduplex analysis with both the viral and human Ha-ras genes. Based on heteroduplex mapping, the putative direction of transcription and the approximate position of the coding regions of the bovine genes were established. Two genes, bovine Ha-ras 1 and 2, both show an arrangement of exons and introns typical of c-Ha-ras genes. However, they are distinct entities as they have different nucleotide sequences and physical maps, and heteroduplexes between them contain a region of non-homology upstream of exon 1. The third gene, c-Ha-ras 3, does not contain introns and is a pseudogene, analogous to human c-Ha-ras 2. The nucleotide sequence of both Ha-ras 1 and Ha-ras 2 has been determined and shows that Ha-ras 1 encodes a bona fide ras protein, whereas Ha-ras 2 has diverged considerably from a recognizably functional sequence.
authors.affiliation: Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden, Glasgow, Scotland.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: McCaffery
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Coggins
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Doherty
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Prey
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McColl
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Campo
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D003001:Cloning, Molecular / Q000379:methods; D011905:Genes, ras; D015698:Genomic Library; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C501009:HRAS protein, human; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)