title: Kant and the cosmetic surgeon.
abstract: Philosophers know that modern philosophy owes a great debt to the intellectual contributions of the 18th century philosopher Immanuel Kant. This essay attempts to show how cosmetic surgeons, and all surgeons at that, could learn much from his work. Not only did Kant write about the structure of human reasoning and how it relates to appearances but he also wrote about the nature of duties and other obligations. His work has strongly influenced medical ethics. In a more particular way, Kant wrote the most important work on aesthetics. His theory still influences how philosophers understand the meaning of the beautiful and how it pertains to the human figure. This essay presents an exercise in trying to apply Kantian philosophy to aesthetic plastic surgery. Its intention is to show cosmetic surgeons some of the implicit and explicit philosophical principles and potential arguments undergirding their potential surgical evaluations. It is meant to challenge the surgeon to reconsider how decisions are made using philosophical reasoning instead of some of the more usual justifications based on psychology or sociology.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Carey
mesh_terms: D004954:Esthetics / Q000266:history; D005858:Germany; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D010684:Philosophy / Q000266:history; D010686:Philosophy, Medical; D013518:Surgery, Plastic