title: Production of insulin antibodies by mice rejecting insulin transfected cells.
abstract: Antibodies to insulin appear prior to the development of Type I diabetes and their concentration may correlate with the rate of autoimmune beta cell destruction. In order to study potential mechanisms involved in the production of antibodies to insulin, we transplanted different strains of mice with histoincompatible non-islet cells (AtT20-Ins and NIH-3T3-Ins) synthesizing homologous insulin, in contrast to immunization with non-transfected cells and insulin in Freund's adjuvant. The pituitary cell line (AtT20) and the fibroblast cell line (NIH-3T3) were transfected with the rat insulin-II gene (which encodes an insulin molecule identical to that of mouse insulin-II). No antibodies to insulin were found after subcutaneous injection of AtT20-control cells (without the integrated rat insulin gene) or after injection of rat insulin complete Freund's adjuvant. After subcutaneous injections of living AtT20-Ins or NIH-3T3-Ins cells producing insulin (40 to 60 ng insulin/10(6) cells per injection) in two strains (BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ) but not in a third (SJL/J), antibodies to insulin rapidly appeared. In addition, when AtT20-Ins cells were transplanted into Wistar-Furth rats, insulin antibodies appeared in three out of four animals. The level of antibodies induced was similar to the concentrations of insulin antibodies of prediabetic NOD mice. This finding suggests that during the immune destruction of a cell synthesizing insulin, humoral 'tolerance' to insulin can be rapidly abrogated. Genetic control of this response is suggested by the difference between response of BALB/cJ and C3H/He vs SJL/J.
authors.affiliation: Foslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vardi
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonner-Weir
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Villa-Komaroff
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Halban
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikegami
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Soeldner
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Eisenbarth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection; D007328:Insulin / Q000235:genetics*; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D007330:Insulin Antibodies