title: The metabolism of pentachlorobenzene by rat liver microsomes: the nature of the reactive intermediates formed.
abstract: Metabolism of [14C]-pentachlorobenzene by liver microsomes from dexamethasone-induced rats results in the formation of pentachlorophenol and 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol as major primary metabolites in a ratio of 4:1, with 2,3,4,5- and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenols as minor metabolites. The unsubstituted carbon atom is thus the favourite site of oxidative attack, but the chlorine substituted positions still play a sizable role. As secondary metabolites both para- and ortho-tetrachlorohydroquinone are formed (1.4 and 0.9% of total metabolites respectively). During this cytochrome P450-dependent conversion of pentachlorobenzene, 5-15% of the total amount of metabolites becomes covalently bound to microsomal protein. Ascorbic acid inhibits this binding to a considerable extent, indicating that quinone metabolites play an important role in the binding. However, complete inhibition was never reached by ascorbic acid, nor by glutathione, suggesting that other reactive intermediates, presumably epoxides, are also responsible for covalent binding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: den Besten
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: van Bladeren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002722:Chlorobenzenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011865:Radioisotope Dilution Technique; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002722:Chlorobenzenes; D007306:Insecticides; D003907:Dexamethasone; C003060:pentachlorobenzene