Evaluation of an atypical HIV type 1 antibody. Serologic pattern leading to detection of HIV type 2 infection in North America.
The variability and discordance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody enzyme immunoassay determinations on serial specimens derived, to our knowledge, from the first documented case of HIV-2 infection in North America are described. The initial specimen was weakly reactive, but two subsequent serum specimens were both nonreactive by enzyme immunoassay. All specimens were indeterminate for HIV-1 antibody by HIV-1 Western blot analysis. Serum HIV-2 antibody was demonstrated by enzyme immunoassay using whole virus lysate, HIV-2-specific synthetic peptide assays, and HIV-2 Western blot analysis. Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 genomic sequences were demonstrated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using gene amplification technology. Human immunodeficiency virus type 2, isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes, had typical morphologic features of lenti-virus by electron microscopy. Western blot analysis and other specific assays should be considered in individuals with clinical evidence suggesting HIV infection who are nonreactive for HIV-1 antibody by enzyme immunoassay or who have atypical reactivity patterns.
Lombardo
J M
JM
Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark.
Horsburgh
C R
CR
Denny
T N
TN
Michaels
J
J
Schable
C
C
Meyenhofer
M F
MF
Shriver
K
K
Sharer
L R
LR
Ou
C Y
CY
Rayfield
M A
MA
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005784:Gene Amplification; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009656:North America
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral