title: Exercise training in patients with chronic airways obstruction.
abstract: Some studies concerning the effects of specific and non-specific techniques of respiratory muscle training and new strategies in exercise training of both skeletal and respiratory muscles, are reviewed. Breathing and exercise training show some evidence of improved gas exchange. Breathing through an inspiratory resistance has some advantages but also disadvantages. This technique has caused immediate hypoxaemia and pulmonary arterial hypertension in one third of the subjects studied. High intensity exercise with correspondingly high levels of ventilation may induce improvements in ventilatory muscle function. Two new techniques are described: the "above anaerobic threshold 40 min constant exercise" and the "45 min square-wave endurance exercise test" (SWEET), simulating an interval-training session. The effects on the cardiorespiratory, metabolic, arterial blood gases and acid base balance responses, were measured in normal subjects and in patients with chronic airway obstruction (CAO). After training, the magnitude of ventilation (VE) reduction was correlated with the reduction in end-exercise lactate. In addition, maximal ventilation and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) can increase after training. Finally, an interesting hypothesis is proposed about the use of arm-training.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercise Musculaire, INSERM, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gimenez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007320:Inspiratory Capacity; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010807:Physical Endurance; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange