title: Stability of cefazolin sodium, cefoxitin sodium, ceftazidime, and penicillin G sodium in portable pump reservoirs.
abstract: The stability of cefazolin sodium, cefoxitin sodium, ceftazidime, and penicillin G sodium in prefilled drug reservoirs that were stored at -20 degrees C for 30 days, thawed at 5 degrees C for four days, and pumped at 37 degrees C for one day was studied. Each antimicrobial agent was diluted with sterile water for injection to a concentration representative of the most common dosage when administered via a portable infusion pump. Ten milliliters of each drug solution was placed in individual glass vials to serve as controls, and volumes appropriate to deliver the designated dosages were loaded into the drug reservoirs. Triplicate reservoirs were prepared for each drug. One-milliliter samples from all containers were taken on days 0, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 34.5, and 35. All solutions were observed for color change and precipitation. Drug concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Leaching of the plasticizer diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was analyzed by packed-column gas chromatography on days 0 and 35. No color change or precipitation was observed. No DEHP concentrations above 1 ppm were detected. More than 90% of the initial concentrations of each drug remained, except penicillin G sodium, which had a mean concentration of 83.9 +/- 0.5% at the end of the study. Cefazolin sodium, cefoxitin sodium, and ceftazidime in admixtures with sterile water for injection are stable under the conditions of this study. Penicillin G sodium should not be administered for more than 12 hours after such a cycle of freezing and thawing.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Stiles
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D002437:Cefazolin / Q000032:analysis; D002440:Cefoxitin / Q000032:analysis; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000032:analysis; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000032:analysis*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate; D004355:Drug Stability; D005615:Freezing; D007260:Infusion Pumps; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D002440:Cefoxitin; D002442:Ceftazidime; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate; D002437:Cefazolin; D010400:Penicillin G