title: Upper esophageal motility disorders.
abstract: This article begins with a summary of the anatomy and physiology of the upper esophageal region. The appropriate diagnostic tools used in the evaluation of upper esophageal motility disorders are then detailed including cineradiography, manometry, and other modalities. Specific clinical disorders associated with pharyngeal, UES, or upper esophageal dysfunction are described followed by a section on treatment.
authors.affiliation: Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Richter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003679:Deglutition; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000503:physiopathology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008365:Manometry; D009055:Mouth / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000150:complications; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications; D009960:Oropharynx; D010614:Pharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology