title: Prolonged hyperinsulinism and hypoglycemia. In an asphyxiated, small for gestation infant. Case management and literature review.
abstract: The authors describe a term female, asphyxiated, small for gestational age (SGA) infant with documented hyperinsulinism and hypoglycemia occurring at approximately 45 hours of age. The hypoglycemia was refractory to a high rate glucose infusion and steroid administration but responded to diazoxide. The subsequent hospital course was complicated by right-sided heart failure and sepsis. With the onset of sepsis, a transient hyperglycemia was noted that required intermittent insulin therapy for 10 days. Hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinism reemerged and responded to diazoxide therapy. An attempt to discontinue diazoxide at age 6 months was aborted at 2 weeks when hyperinsulinism and hypoglycemia recurred. The infant required diazoxide for 7 more months, then she recovered without having any sequelae. The review of this uncommon hypoglycemia etiology in an SGA and asphyxiated infant and the merits of long-term diazoxide treatment are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology, Pediatric Department, USAF Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Mississippi 39534-5300.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhowmick
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lewandowski
mesh_terms: D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000150:complications*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000209:etiology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors