M protein (M1) of influenza virus: antigenic analysis and intracellular localization with monoclonal antibodies.
A panel of 16 monoclonal antibodies recognizing M protein (M1) of influenza virus was generated. Competition analyses resulted in localization of 14 monoclonal antibodies to three antigenic sites. Three monoclonal antibodies localized to site 1B recognized a peptide synthesized to M1 (residues 220 to 236) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers equivalent to or greater than that seen with purified M1; therefore, site 1B is located near the C terminus of M1. Sites 2 and 3 localize to the N-terminal half of M1. Antigenic variation of M proteins was seen when the monoclonal antibodies were tested against 14 strains of type A influenza viruses. Several monoclonal antibodies showed specific recognition of A/PR/8/34 and A/USSR/90/77 M proteins and little or no reactivity for all other strains tested. Immunofluorescence analysis with the monoclonal antibodies showed migration of M protein to the nucleus during the replicative cycle and demonstrated association of M protein with actin filaments in the cytoplasm. Use of a vaccinia virus recombinant containing the M-protein gene demonstrated migration of M protein to the nucleus in the absence of synthesis of gene products from other influenza virus RNA segments.
Bucher
D
D
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595.
Popple
S
S
Baer
M
M
Mikhail
A
A
Gong
Y F
YF
Whitaker
C
C
Paoletti
E
E
Judd
A
A
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000032:analysis*; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C031540:M-protein, influenza virus; C488936:M1 protein, Influenza A virus; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins