title: Increased circulating CSF-1 (M-CSF) in myeloproliferative disease: association with myeloid metaplasia and peripheral bone marrow extension.
abstract: Myeloproliferative disease (MPD) is heterogeneous in phenotypic expression and may display features consistent with expansion and activation of the monocyte/macrophage population during its course. The role of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) in the pathophysiology of MPD was investigated by measuring circulating CSF-1 levels and examining their relationship to disease phenotype. Serum CSF-1 concentrations, measured by radioimmunoassay, were elevated in all MPD phenotypes. CSF-1 levels differed significantly between groups of patients with essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and postpolycythemic or agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (in ascending order). CSF-1 serum levels were positively correlated with spleen size and the degree of peripheral bone marrow extension, determined by scintigraphy using a macrophage-seeking isotope. There was no correlation between CSF-1 concentration and circulating levels of erythrocytes, neutrophils or platelets, or the presence of bone marrow fibrosis. Elevated serum CSF-1 levels appear to be associated with an expanded monocyte/macrophage population in MPD. In view of the known cooperativity between CSF-1 and other growth factors in regulating hematopoiesis, the finding of increased serum CSF-1 concentrations and its association with myeloid metaplasia and bone marrow extension may indicate a pathophysiologic role for CSF-1 in determining the phenotypic expression of MPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Praloran
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Stanley
mesh_terms: D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D009196:Myeloproliferative Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D055728:Primary Myelofibrosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor