title: The solution structure of the Escherichia coli initiator tRNA and its interactions with initiation factor 2 and the ribosomal 30 S subunit.
abstract: The conformation of the Escherichia coli initiator tRNA has been investigated using enzymatic and chemical probes. This study was conducted on the naked tRNA and on the tRNA involved in the various steps leading to the formation of the 30 S.IF-2.GTP.fMet-tRNA.AUG complex. A three-dimensional model of the initiator tRNA is presented, which displays several differences with yeast tRNAPhe: (i) the anticodon arm is more rigid; (ii) the presence of an additional nucleotide in the D loop results in specific features in both T and D loops; (iii) C1 and A72 might form a noncanonical base pair. Aminoacylation and formylation induce subtle conformational adjustments near the 3' end, the T arm and the D loop. Initiation factor (IF) 2 interacts with a rather limited portion of the tRNA, covering the T loop and the minor groove of the T stem, and induces an increased flexibility in the anticodon arm. The specific structural features observed in the T loop are probably recognized by IF-2. In the 30 S.IF-2.GTP.fMet-tRNA.AUG complex, additional protections are observed in the acceptor stem and in the anticodon arm, resulting from a strong steric hindrance and from the codon-anticodon interaction within the subunit decoding site.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wakao
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romby
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Westhof
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laalami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grunberg-Manago
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ebel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ehresmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ehresmann
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015852:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl / Q000378:metabolism*; D012358:RNA, Transfer, Met; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D015852:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl; D012358:RNA, Transfer, Met; D012996:Solutions; C024988:tRNA, formylmethionine-