title: The diaphragm.
abstract: Use of a diaphragm plus spermicide provides effective protection against pregnancy in motivated women and decreases the risk for some sexually transmitted diseases. Potential risks of this contraceptive method include the development of urinary tract infections and the possible teratogenic effects of nonoxynol-9, the active agent in most spermicides. Contraindications include a large cystocele or rectocele, uterine prolapse and recurrent urinary tract infections.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Heaton
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D003274:Contraceptive Devices, Female / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies
chemical_list: D013089:Spermatocidal Agents; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies