title: Leptospirosis of the lung: radiographic findings in 58 patients.
abstract: Leptospirosis is the disease produced by any of the group of spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. The main organs involved are the liver, central nervous system, kidneys, skeletal muscle, and lungs. Thirty-seven (64%) of 58 patients with leptospirosis, proved by positive serology, had pulmonary radiographic findings. Three radiographic patterns were evident: (1) 21 (57%) of the 37 patients had small nodular densities, (2) six (16%) had large confluent areas of consolidation, and (3) 10 (27%) had diffuse, ill-defined, ground-glass density. Serial radiographs showed a tendency for the nodular pattern to be followed by confluent consolidation and/or ground-glass density. Abnormalities were bilateral, nonlobar in all cases, and had a marked tendency toward peripheral predominance. Pulmonary abnormalities resolved within 15 days, except in eight patients who died because of respiratory failure (six patients) or other causes (two patients). In order to correlate pathology with the radiographic findings, Leptospira, isolated from a patient, was injected intraperitoneally into 20 guinea pigs. All lungs from the guinea pigs showed petecheal hemorrhage, which progressed to large confluent areas of hemorrhage. The typical pulmonary radiographic findings of leptospirosis are compatible with the multifocal pulmonary hemorrhage seen in the guinea pigs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Yeon
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Chi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography