[Amelioration of cisplatin-induced vomiting and anorexia by methylprednisolone].
Amelioration of cisplatin (CDDP)-induced vomiting and anorexia by methylprednisolone (MP) was studied using conscious dogs. The incidence of vomiting was 88.9% and the mean number of emetic episodes was 8.22 +/- 1.25/dog during 5 hours after i.v. administration of 1.5 mg/kg CDDP in 9 dogs. In control dogs, food intake on the day after administration of CDDP was markedly reduced to 60 +/- 22.4 g/day from 461 +/- 23 g. Continuous high-dose infusion of MP (10 mg/kg, 10 min before the start of CDDP infusion and 50 mg/kg/h for 5 h) markedly reduced the incidence (33%) and mean number of vomiting episodes (2.00 +/- 1.51/dog) and also mitigated the reduction of food intake (350 +/- 30.6 g/day). However, continuous low-dose infusion of MP (5 mg/kg, 10 min before CDDP infusion and 16.6 mg/kg/h for 5 h) showed a little effect on CDDP-induced vomiting. Plasma MP levels after the high-dose and the low-dose regimens were 6.20 +/- 0.628 micrograms/ml and 4.66 +/- 1.72 micrograms/ml, respectively, 30 min after CDDP infusion. In both cases, MP levels gradually increased and reached to those more than twice 5 hours after CDDP infusion. Bolus administrations of MP (30 mg/kg, each time) 2 hr and 30 min before CDDP infusion also significantly reduced the mean number of emetic episodes (3.22 +/- 1.33/dog) and mitigated the reduction of food intake (325 +/- 37.3 g/day). No significant changes in catecholamines, prostaglandins, vasopressin, plasma renin activity, Na+, K+, Mg++ and osmolality in peripheral blood were noted after administration of CDDP and/or MP. The results suggest that administration of MP was effective against CDDP-induced vomiting and anorexia in dogs.
Matsumoto
I
I
1st Dept. of Physiology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine.
Aikawa
T
T
Kanda
T
T
Hara
K
K
D000818:Animals; D000855:Anorexia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004285:Dogs; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000932:Antiemetics; D002945:Cisplatin; D008775:Methylprednisolone