title: Periodontal condition and microbiology of healthy and diseased periodontal pockets in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.
abstract: On the basis of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values, 22 type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic adults were grouped into patients with near normal (HbA1c less than or equal to 7.7%) and poor (HbA1c greater than or equal to 9.9%) metabolic control. A total of 44 subgingival sites were examined for Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, black-pigmented Bacteroides species and Capnocytophaga species. No significant difference could be demonstrated between patients in the 2 test groups with regard to periodontal condition. Neither age of diabetic patients nor duration of diabetes mellitus influenced the periodontal parameters. In both test groups, pocket depth of 4 mm or more (greater than or equal to 4 mm) was found to be significantly associated with increased swelling, bleeding after probing and amount of marginal plaque. Proportionally high %s of cultivable A. actinomycetemcomitans (mean 4.3%; range 2.8-5.8%), Bacteroides gingivalis (33.2% and 34.6%) and Bacteroides intermedius (mean 4.2%; range 0.001-13.5%) were isolated from diseased periodontal pockets. In diabetic patients with poor metabolic control, B. intermedius was isolated from diseased periodontal pockets with a mean % of 7.2%, range 0.3-12.5%. Independent of the degree of metabolic control, low %s of Capnocytophaga species were isolated from diseased and healthy periodontal pockets, mean 0.9% (range 0.003-3.9%) and mean 1.4% (range 0.04-4.9%), respectively. It was concluded from this study that metabolic control seems to have no direct effect on the periodontium. Furthermore, the rôle of Capnocytophaga species in the pathogenesis of infectious periodontal disease in type 1 diabetic patients seems to be overestimated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Dentistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sastrowijoto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hillemans
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: van Steenbergen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Abraham-Inpijn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Graaff
mesh_terms: D000188:Actinobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002206:Capnocytophaga / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000473:pathology; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000473:pathology*; D010519:Periodontium / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin