Relationship between local temperature and heat transfer through the hand and wrist.
The heat uptake that resulted from immersing the hand and wrist into a water-filled calorimeter maintained at temperatures between 37-40 degrees C was measured under standard conditions in a group of eight subjects of either sex. The rate of heat transfer (W) increased exponentially with temperature and was a function of hand or body size and age, but not sex. The heat transfer rate normalized to hand mass (W.kg-1) was determined by temperature and age: best-fit mean values (and 95% confidence limits of the population) were 6.0 W.kg-1 (3.2-11.2 W.kg-1) at an immersion temperature of 37 degrees C and 25.4 W.kg-1 (13.7-47.0 W.kg-1) at 40 degrees C. The application of these results to limits on specific energy absorption rate induced in the hands and wrists by radiofrequency dielectric heat sealer welders is discussed.
Sienkiewicz
Z J
ZJ
National Radiological Protection Board, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
O'Hagan
J B
JB
Muirhead
C R
CR
Pearson
A J
AJ
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001824:Body Constitution; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D002151:Calorimetry; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand; D006361:Heating; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D013696:Temperature; D014953:Wrist