title: Overview of a workshop on quantitative models for developmental toxicity risk assessment.
abstract: A workshop was held to discuss potential advancements to improve the precision of risk estimates for developmental toxicity. This paper presents an overview of the discussions at the workshop, focusing on the risk assessment process and science policy considerations important in the use of quantitative models. Some of the pertinent biological considerations are reviewed, particularly those related to the repair capacity of the developing organism and how this affects the concept of a threshold for developmental toxicity effects, as well as the maternal and litter influences on developmental toxicity outcomes. Finally, the current status of use of quantitative approaches is described, possible short-term approaches are discussed, and future research needs in this area are outlined.
authors.affiliation: Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kimmel
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Wellington
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Farland
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Manson
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chernoff
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Selevan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants