title: Relative importance of experience, social facilitation, and availability of milk in weaning of rats.
abstract: These studies investigated the role that social facilitation, availability of the dam, and milk play in the maintenance of suckling behavior. Beginning at Day 20, rat pups' suckling experiences were restricted to testing with an anesthetized dam. In the first experiment, nipple attachment was abandoned by about Day 25 in rats that were tested alone with an anesthetized dam for 1 hr per day. When tested in groups of four, nipple attachment was maintained until about Day 27. Increasing exposure to an anesthetized dam to 2 hr per day prolonged nipple attachment about another 4 days. In the second experiment, pups were given either one or two daily 1-hr attachment tests and tested with either an anesthetized dam or an anesthetized dam in which the milk letdown reflex was reinstated. Both increasing the daily exposure to an anesthetized dam and reinstating milk letdown significantly prolonged suckling. Pups given two daily exposures to an anesthetized, milk-laden dam attached until about Day 47, long past the normal age of weaning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lichtman
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Cramer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D005260:Female; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012931:Social Environment; D012932:Social Facilitation; D013391:Sucking Behavior; D014886:Weaning