title: Taste thresholds in man are differentially influenced by hydrocortisone and dexamethasone.
abstract: The present study focused on sensory processing (taste threshold) in healthy young men given different cortisol doses within the normal physiological range. It aimed to differentiate the effects of dexamethasone, a synthetic pure glucocorticoid, compared to hydrocortisone, which has both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid properties. In a double-blind, cross-over design, 18 male subjects participated in three sessions. Subjects were pretreated orally with hydrocortisone (50 mg), dexamethasone (2 mg) or placebo. Taste detection was tested by a forced-choice three stimulus drop technique to determine detection acuity and a signal detection procedure to determine the ability to detect differences in NaCl concentration. Cortisol concentrations were determined in blood and saliva. Hydrocortisone and dexamethasone had opposite effects on taste detection acuity. With the highest cortisol levels after intake of hydrocortisone, subjects made more errors in detection trials with respect to stimuli close to the absolute taste detection threshold than after intake of dexamethasone. Detection of differences was impaired by both glucocorticoids. This type of behavioral study in man may help clarify the roles of heterogeneous corticosteroid receptor systems within the human brain.
authors.affiliation: Abteilungen Medizinische Psychologie, Universität Ulm, F.R.G.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fehm-Wolfsdorf
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scheible
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zenz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Born
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Fehm
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D013649:Taste / Q000187:drug effects*; D013652:Taste Threshold / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003907:Dexamethasone; D006854:Hydrocortisone