Characterization of a soft-tissue infection model in the horse and its response to intravenous cephapirin administration.
A soft-tissue infection model was created in eight horses by infecting subcutaneous tissue chambers with Streptococcus zooepidemicus organisms. Responses of the horses to the infections were determined by monitoring changes in the complete blood count and body temperature and by following changes in the cytology and protein content of the tissue chambers. Systemic reactions to the infections included a mild neutrophilia, mild pyrexia and mild anemia. There was a marked influx of neutrophils and protein into the chambers after they were seeded with bacteria and chamber neutrophil viability decreased markedly at the height of the infection. Subsequent to establishing tissue chamber infections four of the horses were treated with intravenous cephapirin t.d. at a dosage of 20 mg/kg for 5 days. Quantitative culturing of tissue chamber fluid was performed to analyze the efficacy of cephapirin therapy. Cephapirin therapy was accompanied by decreases in the systemic neutrophilia, pyrexia, anemia, and chamber bacterial counts. However, cephapirin did not eliminate the infection in any of the chambers. Chamber neutrophil viability was markedly increased during the cephapirin therapy period.
Beadle
R E
RE
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803.
Short
C R
CR
Corstvet
R E
RE
Pawlusiow
J
J
Nobles
D D
DD
McClure
J R
JR
Guthrie
A J
AJ
Clarke
C R
CR
D000818:Animals; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002514:Cephapirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015194:Diffusion Chambers, Culture; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004906:Erythrocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006736:Horses; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D012874:Skin Diseases, Infectious / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
D002511:Cephalosporins; D002514:Cephapirin