Role of dietary lipids and renal eicosanoids on the progression of renal disease.
Alterations in lipid metabolism occur in patients with chronic renal disease and in patients with the nephrotic syndrome and may have a role in the progression of renal disease in such patients. Evidence accumulated over the last few years indicates that increased ingestion of cholesterol accelerates the development of glomerulosclerosis in guinea pigs, rats and rabbits, and in rats with endogenous hyperlipidemia due to the nephrotic syndrome. Lowering the levels of serum lipids ameliorates the progression of renal disease in obese rats, rats with a remnant kidney and rats with the nephrotic syndrome produced by the aminonucleoside of puromycin. Changes in dietary fatty acids also influence the progression of renal disease. Several eicosanoids influence the progression of renal disease in experimental animals. Maneuvers that decrease the production of thromboxane A2 ameliorate renal disease in rats with a remnant kidney and in mice with lupus nephritis. Increasing the production of vasodilatory prostaglandins (PGE2, prostacyclin) seems to have a beneficial role in the progression of renal disease. The mechanisms by which dietary lipids and/or renal eicosanoids affect the progression of renal disease remain to be defined.
Klahr
S
S
Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Harris
K
K
D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*
D004041:Dietary Fats; D015777:Eicosanoids; D005227:Fatty Acids