Short-term and long-term effects of early nutritional deprivation on adipose tissue growth and metabolism in calves.
Two groups of 10 Friesian calves received, respectively, 819 and 1380 g of milk replacer daily between birth and 95 d of age. After weaning, both groups were pair-fed until slaughter at 533 d of age. Body composition, cellularity, and lipogenic activity of kidney and omental fat were determined at 95 and 533 d of age. Milk intake restriction produced a 40% reduction of growth rate and a 68% decrease in lipid deposition between birth and 95 d of age. This was accompanied by a reduced adipose cell hypertrophy without any effect on adipose cell number. Acetate incorporation in isolated cells, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, NADP-malate dehydrogenase, and lipoprotein lipase activities were lower in restricted animals. Glucose incorporation in isolated fat cells was very slight in both groups. Acetate incorporation and lipogenic enzyme activities were more than 10 times higher in 533-d-old animals that have larger adipocytes than in younger calves. Moreover, kidney fat presented a higher rate of de novo fatty acid synthesis than omental fat. The reverse order was observed for lipoprotein lipase activity. Early postnatal nutrition had no significant effect on lipid deposition between 95 and 533 d of age. There were no significant differences in body composition, adipose tissue cellularity, or metabolism at slaughter.
Robelin
J
J
Laboratoire de la Production de Viande, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Theix, Ceyrat, France.
Chilliard
Y
Y
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D005508:Food Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male