title: Renal function in freshwater and chronically saline-stressed male and female Pekin ducks.
abstract: Hematocrit (Hct) and plasma ionic and osmotic concentrations were measured in Pekin Ducks, Anas platyrhynchos, drinking freshwater (FW), during rapid acclimation to sea water (RA), and after 6 mo exposure to 180-mM NaCl (SW). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) were measured in FW and SW ducks. Estimated renal plasma flow (ERPF) was measured in SW ducks. During RA, Hct and plasma concentration increased significantly (P less than .05) when drinking water sodium concentration ([Na]dw) was 300 mM; body mass decreased (P less than .01) when [Na]dw was 375 mM. The Hct and plasma ionic or osmotic concentrations of FW and SW ducks were the same, except that female SW ducks had lower (P less than .05) plasma chloride concentrations than FW female ducks. Relative to body mass, the FW female duck ECFV (26.88%) was larger (P less than .01) than that of the male (17.50%). The ECFV was not affected by SW in either sex. Mean (+/- SE) GFR determined using inulin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the same five FW ducks, were the same, 4.4 +/- .7 and 4.7 +/- .6 mL(min.kg)-1, respectively. In female FW ducks, the GFR (PEG) was 5.00 +/- .30 mL(min.kg)-1, significantly (P less than .001) greater than that of the male, which was 3.07 +/- .21 mL(min.kg)-1. Female and male SW duck GFR were 3.96 +/- .57 and 2.60 +/- .37 mL(min.kg)-1, respectively, but the decrease in GFR was significant (P less than .05) only for females. The GFR were the same, relative to kidney mass, in both sexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D004372:Ducks / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005618:Fresh Water; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000662:veterinary; D006400:Hematocrit; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012079:Renal Circulation; D012491:Salt Gland / Q000502:physiology; D012623:Seawater; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D012964:Sodium