title: Alternative processing of mRNAs encoding mammalian chromosomal high-mobility-group proteins HMG-I and HMG-Y.
abstract: The high-mobility-group protein HMG-I is a well-characterized nonhistone chromosomal protein that is preferentially expressed in rapidly dividing cells, binds to A. T-rich regions of DNA in vitro, and has been localized to particular regions of mammalian metaphase chromosomes. We isolated eight cDNA clones encoding HMG-I and its isoform HMG-Y from a human Raji cell cDNA library and detected blocks of nucleotide sequence rearrangements in the 5'-untranslated regions of these clones. In addition to this leader sequence variation, five of the eight cDNA clones had either a 33- or 36-base-pair in-frame deletion in their open reading frame (ORF); we found that this shortened ORF encodes the HMG-Y protein isoform. We present evidence that the 5'-untranslated-region and ORF heterogeneity of the cDNA clones is the result of alternative processing of RNA transcripts from a single functional gene. Several additional but probably nonfunctional HMG-I or HMG-Y gene copies exist in the human genome; we isolated and partially sequenced one of these pseudogenes and found that it is a processed HMG-Y retropseudogene.
authors.affiliation: Program in Genetics and Cell Biology Washington State University, Pullman 99164.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lehn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reeves
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011544:Pseudogenes; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015183:Restriction Mapping
chemical_list: D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004247:DNA