title: Determination of residues of carazolol and a number of tranquilizers in swine kidney by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detection.
abstract: A rapid and sensitive method has been set up for the determination of the beta-receptor blocker carazolol and the tranquillizers acepromazine, azaperone, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, propionylpromazine and xylazine in swine kidneys. The procedure involves extraction with acetonitrile, rapid sample clean-up with a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detection. The mean recoveries range from 93 to 101%, with the exception of xylazine (52%), and the coefficients of variation from 5.3 to 18.9% at a fortification level of 20 micrograms/kg. The limits of determination range from 0.3 micrograms/kg for carazolol to 1-10 micrograms/kg for the other drugs. The method has been tested in routine monitoring programmes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Drugs, State Institute for Quality Control of Agricultural Products, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Keukens
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Aerts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D007668:Kidney / Q000032:analysis*; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000032:analysis*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013552:Swine; D014149:Tranquilizing Agents / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011412:Propanolamines; D014149:Tranquilizing Agents; C014382:carazolol