title: Bladder cancer: deciding on appropriate surgery.
abstract: Over the last 40 years the role of surgery in the management of bladder cancer has evolved from being the only treatment option to part of a multimodality approach which utilizes intravesical and systemic chemotherapy. Throughout this evolution, surgery has remained the mainstay of staging and treatment. Currently, conservative bladder-sparing endoscopic surgery is possible in patients with superficial bladder cancer, and continent cutaneous or orthoptic diversions are improving the quality of life in many patients who require a radical cystectomy. Unfortunately, surgery alone is insufficient to cure advanced stages of bladder cancer. Continued research in systemic chemotherapy is necessary to significantly improve long-term survival rates.
authors.affiliation: Memorial Sloan-Kettering.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Montie
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*