Chemoprevention of experimental carcinogenesis in animals.
Retinoids are well-established chemopreventive agents for experimental carcinogenesis of many target organs including mammary glands, urinary bladder, lung, skin, liver, pancreas, colon, and esophagus. Modification of the basic retinoid structure has produced analogs with enhanced target organ specificity, increased inhibitory activity, and reduced toxicity. N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR) currently appears to be the most efficacious retinoid against carcinogen-induced breast, urinary bladder, and lung cancer in rodents. Retinoids are most effective when administered shortly after the carcinogen treatment; however, the treatment can be delayed significantly while maintaining its chemopreventive effect. Under various experimental conditions combining retinoid treatment with other modifiers of growth enhances its chemopreventive activity; for example retinoid plus hormonal modulation can provide better protection against mammary cancer than either treatment alone. More recently chemopreventive activity of various other classes of agents, such as thiols, phenols, antioxidants, inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis, etc., have been investigated in experimental mammary, urinary bladder, and lung cancer models.
Moon
R C
RC
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, IIT Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois 60616.
Mehta
R G
RG
D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D051379:Mice; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D012176:Retinoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D012176:Retinoids