title: Aluminum-induced granulomas in a tattoo.
abstract: A patient who developed localized, granulomatous reactions in a tattoo is described. With the use of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis, both aluminum and titanium particles were found in the involved skin sections. Intradermal provocation testing with separate suspensions of aluminum and titanium induced a positive response only in the case of aluminum. Examination by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis of the provoked response established aluminum as the only nonorganic element present in the test site tissue. This is the first report of confirmed aluminum-induced, delayed-hypersensitivity granulomas in a tattoo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Oslo Medical School, Norway.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: McFadden
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lyberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hensten-Pettersen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000535:Aluminum / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D006099:Granuloma / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D012867:Skin / Q000032:analysis / Q000473:pathology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D013653:Tattooing / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000535:Aluminum