title: Dextromethorphan attenuates post-ischemic hypoperfusion following incomplete global ischemia in the anesthetized rat.
abstract: The effects of dextromethorphan (DM) were tested in an in vivo model of incomplete global cerebral ischemia. Anesthetized rats were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 (saline); Group 2 (DM pre-treatment, 20 mg/kg i.v. bolus followed by 10 mg/kg/h DM infusion); Group 3 (DM post-treatment, 2 mg/kg i.v. bolus followed by 10 mg/kg/h DM infusion at the onset of post-ischemic hypoperfusion); and Group 4 (sham-operated, drug-treated). Groups 1-3 underwent 15 min of 4-vessel occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Administration of DM in sham-operated animals (Group 4) had no effect on cerebral blood flow or electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. In contrast, when compared to the Group 1 saline controls, significant attenuation of post-ischemic hypoperfusion and EEG dysfunction was demonstrated in ischemic rats treated with DM (both pre- and post-treatment), suggesting an ability of DM to improve cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain function in cerebral ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Neurosciences, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Tortella
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Allot
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Steel
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Blackburn
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Loveday
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Russell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000996:Antitussive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003915:Dextromethorphan / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007981:Levorphanol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D000996:Antitussive Agents; D007981:Levorphanol; D003915:Dextromethorphan