title: Study of possible teratogenic effects of the fungicide maneb on chick embryos.
abstract: The teratogenicity of the fungicide maneb (80% active ingredient and 20% inert ingredients) in chick embryos was evaluated. Eggs, before incubation, were dipped in 0.2% or 1.2% aqueous dispersions of maneb for 30 seconds. An untreated group, a water group and a formulation ingredient group, at the concentration present in the 1.2% maneb group, ensured control in the study. Eggs were incubated for 18 days then transferred to hatching racks and allowed to hatch normally. Viable chicks and chicks "dead in shell" were assessed for external deformities. There was no evidence that maneb or its formulation ingredients were teratogenic or embryotoxic to developing chick embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Munk
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schulz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D008344:Maneb / Q000633:toxicity*; D013723:Teratogens; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013723:Teratogens; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D008344:Maneb