title: Effect of sulfate concentration on glycosaminoglycan synthesis in explant cultures of bovine articular cartilage.
abstract: The effects of the sulfate- and FCS concentration on the rate of synthesis and the biochemical properties of glycosaminoglycans, synthesized in bovine articular cartilage in vitro, were studied. 20% FCS in the culture medium stimulated the rate of synthesis. In media without FCS, the rate of synthesis decends from day 0 on. The differences in incorporation rates of [35S]-sodium sulfate and 1,6-[3H]-glucosamine-HCl into glycosaminoglycans in serum free media containing 9 microM and 900 microM sulfate were used to discuss the inorganic sulfate concentration in cartilage. In 9 microM sulfate medium, the newly synthesized glycosaminoglycans contain higher levels of unsulfated disaccharides than the endogenous glycosaminoglycans. In each culture medium, the ratio 6-sulfated disaccharides to 4-sulfated disaccharides of the newly synthesized glycosaminoglycans becomes higher after 3 days in culture. The glycosaminoglycan synthesis is underestimated, when chondrocytes are cultured in media containing less than 200 microM sulfate.
authors.affiliation: Jan van Breemen Instituut, Centre for Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: van Kampen
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van de Stadt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuijer
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: van der Korst
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002810:Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007700:Kinetics; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D013431:Sulfates; C012036:sodium sulfate; D002810:Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases; D005944:Glucosamine