title: [Measuring cyclodeviations].
abstract: This paper presents the results of a physiological study in which four methods used to measure cyclophoria were compared. A total of 50 persons without strabismus participated in a series of experiments. Monocular and binocular measurements were made in primary position. It was found that different methods have different means and ranges. Thus, when conducting clinical follow-up examinations, the same method should be used as before. The double-scale Maddox cylinder was found to be a simple and reliable screening method. The mean is close to 0 degrees and the physiologic range varies from 2 degrees incyclophoria to 2 degrees excyclophoria.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik für Schielbehandlung und Neuroophthalmologie Giessen.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kolling
mesh_terms: D003290:Convergence, Ocular; D005133:Eye Movements; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000295:instrumentation; D013285:Strabismus / Q000175:diagnosis*
vernacular_title: Die Messung von Zyklodeviationen.