title: Implementation of low-protein diets for treatment of persons with early diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: Low-protein diets are being increasingly used as a treatment for early nephropathy associated with diabetes. Recent research studies have shown a decrease in proteinuria while serum albumin levels and weight have been maintained. A level of 0.6 g protein/kg ideal body weight has been suggested. In structuring these diets, fat should be restricted to approximately 30% of calories, with the remainder supplied as carbohydrate calories after the protein content has been calculated. In some persons, simple sugars need to be included to avoid excessive amounts of high-bulk, high-fiber carbohydrate foods. Insulin and oral agent dosages may need adjustment to compensate for increased glucose levels. Self-monitoring of glucose levels can provide valuable feedback for medication adjustment. Intensive dietary education is needed with these patients, as the diet is sometimes radically different from diets previously used. A hypothetical patient is described and diet calculations provided using the ADA Exchange Lists with accompanying menus.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Schafer
mesh_terms: D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004046:Dietetics; D006801:Humans; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000178:diet therapy; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin