title: Histological changes in the kidneys and gills of the stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L, exposed to dissolved cadmium in hard water.
abstract: Damage to the kidneys and gills of the three spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus have been investigated, using light microscopy after exposure of fish to 2 to 6 mg Cd2+ liter-1 hard water (299 mg liter-1 as CaCO3). Cytological breakdown of kidneys and gill tissue appears to be the cause of death, since oxygen uptake and cadmium excretion are impaired, leading to tissue hypoxia and fish poisoning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Queen Elizabeth College, University of London, England.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oronsaye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D005399:Fishes; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium