title: Collateralization and GAD immunoreactivity of descending pallidal efferents.
abstract: The first phase of this study involves injecting a different fluorescent retrograde axonal tracer into the subthalamic nucleus, the substantia nigra, and the mesopontine tegmentum. Multiple labeled cells are found within the caudal third of the globus pallidus. The entopeduncular nucleus and adjacent basal forebrain structures such as the substantia innominata, lateral hypothalamus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and central nucleus of the amygdala all exhibit some dye containing cell, although multiple labeled cells are rare. The second phase of this study involves injecting a different fluorescent retrograde tracer into either the substantia nigra, or the mesopontine tegmentum, and subsequent processing of the tissue for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) immunocytochemistry. Many dye and antibody double-labeled cells could be found within the entopeduncular nucleus and the caudal third of the globus pallidus. This is in contrast to the surrounding basal forebrain regions with brainstem efferents which were rarely GAD-positive. This study indicates that the collateral pattern and immunocytochemistry of globus pallidus neurons with descending efferents are distinct from other basal forebrain neurons having similar efferents. These results also extend previous findings and suggest that the neuron of the pallidal complex are heterogeneous with respect to their patterns of projections. In particular, the present findings question previous assumptions concerning the homology of pallidal segments between primate and rodent species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schmued
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Phermsangngam
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Colton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fallon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009434:Neural Pathways; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
chemical_list: D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase