title: Thiazine, antibiotic, bilirubin adducts.
abstract: 1. Electron charge transfer interactions of some phenothiazine derivatives with aminoglycoside antibiotics, beta-lactams and penicillin-related antibiotics and bilirubin were investigated with alternating current titrations. 2. Neither the beta-lactams nor penicillin-related drugs interacted. 3. However, the aminoglycoside antibiotics formed complexes with the phenothiazines. 4. Tobramycin and gentamicin each formed 1:2 adducts with carbenicillin. 5. The phenothiazines interacted with bilirubin forming concentration-dependent micellar adducts which were exciplexes. This may explain the appearance of xanthomata in patients medicated with phenothiazines.
authors.affiliation: St. George's Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Eckert
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gutmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Keyzer
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000378:metabolism*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004579:Electron Transport; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008823:Micelles; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014973:Xanthomatosis / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008823:Micelles; D013843:Thiazines; D001663:Bilirubin