title: A comparison of perinatal outcome in patients undergoing contraction stress testing performed by nipple stimulation versus spontaneously occurring contractions.
abstract: Perinatal outcomes were analyzed in 848 high-risk pregnancies managed with a prospective weekly contraction stress testing protocol. In 615 patients the last test was performed by a nipple stimulation protocol whereas 233 patients had sufficient spontaneous contractions for performance of the test. All patients were either delivered of their infants or admitted for delivery within 7 days of the last test. The results of the last test were compared to various perinatal outcome parameters. There was no significant difference in perinatal outcomes between the two groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hauth
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Brumfield
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000502:physiology*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000453:epidemiology; D005316:Fetal Distress / Q000175:diagnosis; D005323:Fetal Monitoring; D005865:Gestational Age; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006801:Humans; D009558:Nipples / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014590:Uterine Contraction