title: Case-control study of female hormones and eye melanoma.
abstract: In a case-control study, we compared 238 women with intraocular malignant melanoma to 223 matched controls with detached retinas to evaluate the influence of hormonal factors on the risk of this cancer. We observed increased risk among women who had ever been pregnant (relative risk, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.8, 2.2) and women who used replacement estrogens (relative risk, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.2, 3.1), decreased risk among women who had undergone oophorectomy (relative risk, 0.6; 95% confidence interval, 0.4, 1.0), and no change in risk among women who had used oral contraceptives. Compared to hormonal effects on risk of reproductive tumors, these effects were weaker and less consistent, suggesting that hormonal factors may play only a limited role in causing melanomas of the eye.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hartge
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Augsburger
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Hoover
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fraumeni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003691:Delaware; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008572:Menarche; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D010052:Ovariectomy; D015143:Philadelphia; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens