title: Reclustering of scattered Golgi elements occurs along microtubules.
abstract: Depolymerization of the interphase microtubules by nocodazole results in the scattering and apparent fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus in Vero fibroblast cells. Upon removal of the drug, the interphase microtubules repolymerize, and the scattered Golgi elements move back to the region around the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) within 40 to 60 min. Using a fluorescent lipid analogue (C6-NBD-ceramide) as a vital stain for the scattered Golgi elements, their relocation was visualized by video-enhanced fluorescence microscopy in Vero cells maintained at 20 degrees C. The NBD-labeled structures were identified as Golgi elements by their colocalization with galactosyltransferase in the fixed cells. During reclustering, NBD-labeled Golgi elements were observed to move by discontinuous saltations towards the MTOC with velocities of 0.1 to 0.4 micron/s. Paths along which Golgi elements moved were super-imposable on microtubules visualized by indirect immunofluorescence. Neither the collapse of intermediate filaments caused by microinjection of antibodies to vimentin nor the disruption of microfilaments by cytochalasin D had an effect on the reclustering of Golgi elements or the positioning of the Golgi apparatus. These data show that scattered Golgi elements move along microtubules back to the region around the MTOC, while neither intact intermediate filaments nor microfilaments are involved.
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Allan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Meer
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Kreis
mesh_terms: D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002518:Ceramides; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007399:Interphase; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015739:Nocodazole
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles; D002518:Ceramides; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C037974:N-(7-(4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole))-6-aminocaproyl sphingosine; D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan; D015739:Nocodazole