title: Sodium lauryl sulfate enhances nickel penetration through guinea-pig skin. Studies with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis.
abstract: The effect of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), a common ingredient of detergents, on the penetration of nickel through the stratum corneum in the guinea-pig skin model was studied with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) to evaluate the barrier-damaging properties of this common detergent. The EDX technique allows a simultaneous determination of physiologically important elements, e.g., Na, Mg, P, Cl, K, Ca and S in addition to Ni at each point of measurement in epidermal cell strata. Our results show that SLS reduces the barrier function to Ni-ion penetration of the stratum corneum. In addition we have shown that EDX allows analysis of the influence of different factors involved in nickel penetration through the skin by giving data on the physiological effects on the epidermal cells caused by the applied substances.
authors.affiliation: Dept. Med. Biophysics, Karolinska Inst., Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindberg
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sagström
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Roomans
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Forslind
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D009532:Nickel / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D009532:Nickel