title: A primate model for the study of tonic pain, pain tolerance and diffuse noxious inhibitory controls.
abstract: A primate model of cold pressor pain is described in which the animal itself initiates all trials, may terminate painful stimuli at any time, and controls the duration of the experimental session, thus avoiding the inadvertent administration of intolerable pain stimuli. Pain tolerance time varies directly with stimulus intensity and is sensitive to motivational factors. This model will facilitate the study of endogenous pain-modulatory pathways and the assessment of analgesic treatments in animals.
authors.affiliation: Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Montréal, Qué., Canada.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marchand
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Trudeau
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bushnell
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Duncan
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008251:Macaca / Q000502:physiology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000502:physiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011930:Reaction Time