title: [Optimum dose of intravenous butorphanol as a supplemental drug during regional anesthesia].
abstract: The optimum doses according to age of butorphanol tartrate as a supplemental drug during epidural and spinal anesthesia were investigated in 60 patients without complications. We classified patients into 4 groups by age as A, B, C and D-group. A-group consisting of patients between 20 to 40 years received 1.5mg of butorphanol. B-group 41-60, C-group 61-75 and D-group over 76 years received 1.0mg, 0.5mg and 0.25mg respectively. After operation was started without pain, and during the stable period, we determined by age, doses of butorphanol injected intravenously in one minute. HRs, mean BPs, respiratory rates (RRs) and so on were obtained at the preinjection point and 5 minutes after injection. In addition, in 15 patients, arterial blood gas analysis was performed at the same times. Butorphanol injections decreased HRs, mean BPs and RRs significantly. But there was no one whose PaCO2 increased more than 50 mmHg and no difference was found in degree of side effects between the groups. In conclusion, this study suggests that the decision to administer doses depending on the age is useful to decrease frequency of the grave side effects, especially respiratory depression which the elderly people frequently fall into.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kosaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kajitani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction; D002077:Butorphanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009019:Morphinans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D009019:Morphinans; D002077:Butorphanol