title: Colloid osmotic and hydrostatic pressures and energy metabolism in high-protein joint swelling. A preliminary study of traumatic effusions of the knee.
abstract: In 10 patients referred to arthroscopy with traumatic effusions of the knee, the protein concentration of the synovial fluid (SF) correlated to its colloid osmotic pressure (pi SF). The pi SF did not correlate to the poorly determined hydrostatic pressure (PSF) in extended or slightly flexed joints or to the SF volume (VSF). SF hypoxia correlated to pi SF and to the number of intra-articular erythrocytes, but not to the determined PSF or VSF. SF hypoxia correlated to increase in lactate and decrease in pH, fitting enhanced anaerobic glycolysis. In addition, SF erythrocyte counts correlated to lactate increase. During a 5-min period of high PSF induced by flexion, the PSF decreased, and even more markedly so after the joints had been rinsed with saline. The results suggest that rinsing of joints in order to lower the pi SF and to remove erythrocytes is of benefit in cases of traumatic effusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harilainen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahlqvist
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lalla
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Myllynen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rokkanen
mesh_terms: D002452:Cell Count; D003102:Colloids; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000473:pathology; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D009068:Movement; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D011506:Proteins; D010100:Oxygen