[Clinical and pharmacokinetic studies on intravenous administration of sulbactam/ampicillin in pediatrics].
Intravenous administration of sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) was evaluated in pediatric patients. The serum half-lives of both ABPC and SBT were approximately 1 hour following the intravenous injection or intravenous drip infusion of 20-35 mg/kg, and 30-50% of ABPC and 30-70% of SBT were recovered in the urine 6 hours. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of ABPC and SBT were 0.76 and 0.68 micrograms/ml, respectively, at 1 hour after intravenous drip infusion of the 58 mg/kg, and concentration ratios of the drugs in cerebrospinal fluid/serum were 6.39 and 5.71%, respectively. Thirty-four pediatric patients were treated with intravenous drip infusion of SBT/ABPC in doses ranging from 54 to 150 mg/kg divided into 3 times a day. The rate of clinical efficacy was 93.5% and the bacterial elimination rate was 92.3%. The synergistic activity of sulbactam with ampicillin was demonstrated against beta-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae isolated from patients in the present study. The side effects of SBT/ABPC were observed in 6 patients (5 diarrheas; 1 diarrhea with vomiting) out of 34 patients administered. Eosinophilia (2 patients) and a slight elevation of GOT (1 patient), GPT and LDH (1 patient) were observed. The tolerance to the therapy, however, was good.
Sato
H
H
Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Ebara General Hospital.
Narita
A
A
Suzuki
H
H
Nakazawa
S
S
Matsumoto
K
K
Nakanishi
Y
Y
Niino
K
K
Nakazawa
S
S
D000367:Age Factors; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D000667:Ampicillin; D013407:Sulbactam