title: Effect of brain gangliosides on early and late consequences of a transient incomplete forebrain ischemia in the rat.
abstract: Rat transient incomplete forebrain ischemia was induced by 60 min of bilateral carotid artery occlusion associated with systemic hypotension. Intraperitoneal treatment with either GM-1 monosialoganglioside or its inner ester AGF-2 started 1 h after release of carotid clamps and was repeated twice a day. Ganglioside treatment was effective in reducing the increase of cerebral water content, nonetheless AGF-2 reduces significantly not only cerebral edema, but also potassium efflux and calcium overload. With respect to ischemic untreated rats, GM-1- and AGF-2-treated rats showed a higher incidence of conditioned response retention of a single training trial, associated with improvement in cerebral blood flow and electrocorticographic patterns. In addition, 4 weeks following ischemia, the extent of tissue necrosis was reduced, although not statistically significant, in both ganglioside-treated groups. However, all these improvements are more evident in the AGF-2-treated rats than in the GM-1-treated ones. In conclusion, these results suggest that, except in some cases with different potency, both monosialoganglioside GM-1 and its inner ester derivative, AGF-2, are able to improve outcome after brain ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Therapeutics SIR International, Montrouge, France.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Borzeix
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cahn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cahn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002412:Cations / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000502:physiology*; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014867:Water / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D005732:Gangliosides; D014867:Water; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium