title: Prehospital blind nasotracheal intubation by paramedics.
abstract: Blind nasotracheal intubation attempts by paramedics in the field were prospectively reviewed. In particular, we analyzed the frequency, success rate, complication rate, frequency of performance by each paramedic, indications, and patient outcome. Blind nasotracheal intubation was attempted in 324 patients and successful in 231. The average success rate for medical patients was 72.2% (195 of 270 attempts) and for trauma patients was 66.7% (36 of 54 attempts). This difference was not significant (P greater than .05). Even with 59.8% of the 82 participating paramedics attempting blind nasotracheal intubation less than four times over the 19-month study period, the average success rate was 71.3%. There was a significant increase in success when blind nasotracheal intubation was attempted more than three times during the study period (P less than .005). Major complications occurred in 0.9% (three) of the patients. The overall complication rate was 13% (42). The incidence of complications tended to decline with increasing paramedic frequency but did not reach statistical significance (P greater than .05). Blind nasotracheal intubation is a safe initial field airway approach in spontaneously breathing patients in whom there are no contraindications. Even with a low frequency of performance, success and complication rates are acceptable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky 40292.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Danzl
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hooker
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dolan
mesh_terms: D000488:Allied Health Personnel / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards; D004630:Emergencies; D004634:Emergency Medical Technicians / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards; D004650:Employee Performance Appraisal; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects; D007629:Kentucky; D011446:Prospective Studies