title: Phospholipases A2 and C of human lung; subcellular distribution and substrate selectivity.
abstract: The phospholipase activities of cell-free extracts of human lung were studied using sn-2-arachidonoyl phospholipids. Samples of human lung obtained during surgery were homogenized and separated by centrifugation into three fractions: P1, containing mitochondrial and lysosomal marker enzymes; P2, with microsomal enzymes; and S2, with cytosolic enzymes. The highest phospholipase activities were in the microsomal fraction, using any of the three substrates, [14C]arachidonoylphosphatidylcholine (PC), [14C]arachidonoylphosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and [14C]arachidonoylphosphatidylinositol (PI). From PC and PE, only free arachidonic acid was formed, suggesting the presence of a phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-like activity. From PI, two metabolites were produced, diacylglycerol and arachidonic acid, suggesting the presence of a PI-specific PLC activity. Rates of hydrolysis were highest for PI, followed by PE and then PC. Hydrolysis of [14C]arachidonoyl-PC was compared to that of [14C]oleoyl-PC and found to be similarly distributed and of comparable velocity. The distribution and relative activities of phospholipases in rat lung homogenates were very similar to those in human lung.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hunterian Institute, Royal College of Surgeons, London, U.K.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Yeats
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Bakhle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013045:Species Specificity; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010740:Phospholipases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D010738:Type C Phospholipases