title: Pain in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Pain is a common feature of well-established multiple sclerosis. Acute, subacute, and chronic pain syndromes have been defined. Chronic pain syndromes are usually associated with a myelopathy and are more common in women and in older individuals with a duration of disease greater than 5 years. The major chronic pain syndromes are dysesthetic extremity pain, back pain, and painful leg spasms. Treatment involves a variety of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic approaches, but therapy must be individualized for each specific pain syndrome according to its own pathophysiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Moulin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology