title: Ultrastructural evidence that the negative feedback mechanism of the pituitary-thyroid axis can operate without the hypothalamus in fetal rats: observation of thyroid follicular cells.
abstract: Hypothalamus-independent negative feedback mechanism of the pituitary-thyroid axis was studied by electron microscopic observation of thyroid follicular cells of encephalectomized or hypophysectomized fetal rats under hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil (PTU). Fetal hypophysectomy or encephalectomy was performed on day 19 of gestation. Mother rats were given either a daily amount of 40 mg PTU or saline alone on the day of operation and on the next day. On day 21, their fetuses were obtained. As a result, PTU induced marked goiters even in encephalectomized fetuses, the goiters being comparable in weight to those induced in littermate intact fetuses. Electron microscopically, the follicular lumen was narrowed, microvilli were lengthened with a marked increase in number, and rER was extremely expanded. Follicular cells often confined colloid droplets and lysosomes. Fetal hypophysectomy, even in PTU-treatment, caused a reduction in the thyroid weight, accompanied by flattening of follicular cells, shortening of microvilli, widening of follicular lumen, and shrinkage of rER. These findings would support the view that the negative feedback mechanism of the pituitary-thyroid axis can operate without the hypothalamus in fetal rats.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arishima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Eguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*