title: Pharmacokinetics of single doses of gentamicin given intravenously and intramuscularly to turkeys.
abstract: The disposition and absorption kinetics of gentamicin were studied in healthy, mature male and female turkeys (n = 10). Single doses of gentamicin (5 mg/kg) were injected either i.v. or i.m. with a 30-day rest period between each treatment. Baseline and serial venous blood samples (n = 17) were collected from each turkey. Serum concentrations of gentamicin were determined in duplicate for 24 h after each treatment, using radio-immunoassay. Using nonlinear least-square regression methods, the combined data of the i.v. and i.m. treatments were best described by a two-compartment open model. Kinetic analysis of the data after a single i.v. dose provided the following mean values: t1/2 alpha = 0.170 +/- 0.093 h, t1/2 beta = 2.57 +/- 0.79 h, MRT = 3.62 +/- 0.96 h, Vc = 0.090 +/- 0.017 l/kg, Vd(ss) = 0.172 +/- 0.024 l/kg, Vd(area) = 0.190 +/- 0.030 l/kg, and Clt = 49.8 +/- 9.8 ml/h/kg. After a single i.m. dose, the following mean values were determined: MRT = 5.10 +/- 1.73 h, t1/2abs = 0.74 +/- 0.66 h, tlag = 0.07 +/- 0.19 h, Clt/F = 50.7 +/- 12.5 ml/h/kg, Vd(area)/F = 0.193 +/- 0.044 l/kg, and F = 102 +/- 21%. Kinetic calculations made with the single i.m. data predicted that an i.m. injection of gentamicin at the dosage rate of 3 mg/kg q. every 12 h would provide average steady state serum concentrations of 4.93 micrograms/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Pedersoli
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Ravis
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Askins
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Krista
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Spano
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Whitesides
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Tolbert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D014422:Turkeys / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005839:Gentamicins