title: Clinical ophthalmological tests for the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
abstract: According to the Copenhagen criteria for Sjögren's syndrome, the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca requires the performance of 3 objective ocular tests of which 2 should give pathological results. The tests presently in use are: Break-up time, Schirmer-1-test and Rose-Bengal score. A list of clinical ophthalmological tests has been established in order to enable various SS-study groups to compare results. The list has 3 groups, each containing tests evaluating mainly one characteristic function of the lacrimal system: Tear production, tear quality and ocular surface condition. The tests of the list have been evaluated in 10 1 degree SS-patients and in 10 incipient SS patients. The diagnostic sensitivity and the accuracy of various combinations of the 3 tests have been evaluated. It is suggested that SS-study groups should select one of the marked (*) tests from each group on the list, and that KCS should be defined present, when 2 of the selected 3 tests show pathologically changed results. (table; see text).
authors.affiliation: Eye Pathology Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Prause
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D004796:Clinical Enzyme Tests; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007637:Keratoconjunctivitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007638:Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*