Differential effectiveness of an elementary school-based alcohol misuse prevention program.
An elementary school social skills/peer pressure resistance curriculum for the prevention of alcohol misuse was developed, implemented, and evaluated. Schools were randomly assigned to curriculum and control groups, with half of each group pretested prior to intervention and all students posttested two months, 14 months, and 26 months following intervention. Students in grade five at the beginning of the study were randomly assigned to treatment, treatment plus booster, and control conditions. Students in grade six were randomly assigned to treatment and control conditions. Three way repeated measures analyses of covariance (treatment condition by type of prior drinking experience by occasion) were conducted for each grade level on indices of "frequency/quantity of alcohol use" and "total alcohol misuse." Results indicated the intervention was effective in reducing the rate of increase of alcohol use and misuse among grade six students who entered the study with prior unsupervised as well as supervised alcohol use. After corrections for intraclass correlations on the dependent variables, the significant finding regarding the alcohol misuse variable was maintained.
Dielman
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Dept. of Postgraduate Medicine and Health Professions Education, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0201.
Shope
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Leech
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Butchart
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D000437:Alcoholism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D003479:Curriculum; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006266:Health Education / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D010379:Peer Group; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011897:Random Allocation; D012572:School Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*