Metastatic melanoma within and to the conjunctiva.
Two patients with epibulbar juxtalimbal primary conjunctival melanomas experienced local intralymphatic metastases to the inferior cul-de-sac, and a hematogenous metastasis to the conjunctiva developed in five other patients with cutaneous melanomas. Whether reflective of a local or distant metastasis, all of the lesions histopathologically were located in the substantia propria, and were separated from the overlying epithelium by a thin mantle of collagen. There was no evidence of atypical intraepithelial melanocytic proliferation, as would be expected in association with a primary conjunctival melanoma. Two of the cutaneous metastases exhibited a binodular or multinodular appearance that correlated histopathologically with variably confluent micronodules suggestive of the origin of the clinical lesion from a shower of tumor cell emboli. Patients with local intralymphatic spread from a primary conjunctival melanoma may experience additional lesions in the conjunctival sac or eyelid skin and are at risk for regional or distant metastases. They should be examined closely several times a year. The patients with the distant metastases all had their previously diagnosed primary cutaneous tumors on the truncal skin (a similar tendency emerges from a review of previous ocular cases), typically had myriad other cutaneous lesions, and two of them had a neoplastic iridocyclitis and vitreitis. These patients tended to die of the disseminated tumors within 1 year after conjunctival metastases developed.
Jakobiec
F A
FA
Department of Ophthalmology, Manhattan Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital, New York.
Buckman
G
G
Zimmerman
L E
LE
La Piana
F G
FG
Levine
M R
MR
Ferry
A P
AP
Crawford
J B
JB
D000328:Adult; D003230:Conjunctival Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D005142:Eyelid Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*