Electron microscopic study of platelet agglutination induced by thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura plasma containing 37-KDa platelet agglutinating protein.
It has been demonstrated that plasma from a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and 37-KDa platelet-agglutinating protein (PAP p37) purified from the same plasma caused the agglutination of platelets from normal subjects as well as from the same patient after recovery without the requirement of extracellular Ca++ and fibrinogen. Experiments were designed to study the morphologic changes of platelets as a result of agglutination and the distribution of platelet receptors for PAP p37 under transmission electron microscope. Following incubation with TTP plasma or PAP p37 with stirring, platelets showed shape change, pseudopod formation, variable degrees of degranulation, dilatation of open canalicular systems and formation of agglutinates composed of a few to several hundred platelets. After platelets were incubated with TTP plasma or PAP p37 they were washed and further incubated with rabbit anti-PAP p37 serum without stirring followed by immuno-staining. Abundant electron dense reaction products were bound directly and randomly to the outer surface of the membrane of solitary platelets. When the reaction mixture was stirred, electron dense particles were also present between the platelet membranes in the agglutinates. No staining was observed in control experiments using normal plasma or non-immune rabbit serum. These results indicate that the TTP plasma containing PAP p37 causes agglutination, shape change, and variable degrees degranulation in platelets and that PAP p37 binds randomly to the outer surface of platelet membrane.
Li
J Z
JZ
Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, FL.
Liu
J W
JW
Benito
G
G
Siddiqui
F A
FA
Lian
E C
EC
D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011697:Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / Q000097:blood*
D001798:Blood Proteins; C046935:platelet agglutinating protein, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura