Field trial of theophylline in cattle with respiratory tract disease.
A field trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of theophylline in relieving respiratory distress associated with bovine respiratory disease complex (shipping fever). Theophylline (as aminophylline capsules) was administered PO at a dosage of 28 mg/kg of body weight daily for 3 days to 20 calves with naturally acquired disease. Twenty similarly affected calves from the same group were given a placebo, and all calves were administered antibiotics concurrently. Respiratory rate and rectal temperature decreased and physical appearance improved in both groups of calves and was attributed to antibiotic administration or to natural remission of the disease. Five of the calves administered theophylline died; however, no calves administered the placebo died. Plasma theophylline concentration was greatly increased, compared with that determined in clinically normal calves in a pilot study. Bovine respiratory tract disease and/or concurrent antibiotic administration appear to cause such a rapid accumulation of lethal concentration of theophylline that its use should be restricted to hospitals capable of monitoring plasma theophylline concentration.
McKenna
D J
DJ
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana.
Koritz
G D
GD
Neff-Davis
C A
CA
Langston
V C
VC
Berger
L L
LL
D000284:Administration, Oral / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013806:Theophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D013806:Theophylline