Metabolism of 2,6-dinitrotoluene in male Wistar rat.
1. Unchanged 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), 2-amino-6-nitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol, 2-amino-6-nitrobenzyl alcohol, conjugated 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol and conjugated 2-amino-6-nitrobenzyl alcohol were detected in urine of male Wistar rats dosed with 2,6-DNT. The major metabolite was conjugated 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol, which accounted for about 1.5% of the dose. 2. Unchanged 2,6-DNT, 2-amino-6-nitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol, and conjugates of 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol, 2-amino-6-nitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde were detected in the bile of rats dosed with 2,6-DNT. The major metabolite was conjugated 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol, which accounted for 30% of the dose. Conjugates of 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol (major) and 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde (minor) were common biliary metabolites in rats dosed with 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol or 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde. 3. 2,6-Dinitrobenzyl alcohol and 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde were detected by incubating bile from rats given 2,6-DNT with rat intestinal contents under N2. 4. Incubation of 2,6-DNT with hepatic microsomal preparations gave 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol. Incubation of 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol with microsomal plus cytosol preparations gave 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde. Incubation of 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde with cytosol preparations gave 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol and 2,6-dinitrobenzoic acid. The activities of 2,6-DNT oxidation to 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol, 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol oxidation to 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde, 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde oxidation to 2,6-dinitrobenzoic acid, and 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde reduction to 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol were 22.0, 4.7, 1.3, and 23.3 nmol formed/g liver per min, respectively. 5. These results indicate that 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde, an intermediary metabolite of 2,6-DNT in male Wistar rats, is produced either by oxidation of 2,6-DNT in the liver, or by oxidation of 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol formed by hydrolysis of 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol conjugates excreted in the bile, and further indicate that enterohepatic circulation of 2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol and 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde occurs. This result, together with previous findings, shows that there are metabolic differences, including the biliary excretion of a diol glucuronide of 2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde and the lack of urinary excretion of 2,6-dinitrobenzoic acid, between 2,4-DNT and 2,6-DNT in male Wistar rat.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
M
M
Mori
T
T
Kawajiri
M
M
Sayama
Y
Y
Taniuchi
T
T
Miyahara
H
H
Kozuka
D000818:Animals; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols / Q000378:metabolism; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010659:Phenylhydrazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains
D001547:Benzaldehydes; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D010659:Phenylhydrazines; C060875:2,6-dinitrobenzaldehyde; C060874:2,6-dinitrobenzyl alcohol; C023514:2,6-dinitrotoluene