The pyrogenicity of pertussis vaccine in mice and the factors in the vaccine responsible for this effect.
The injection of whole cell pertussis vaccine into mice produced a biphasic fever reaction with two peaks appearing after about one and four hours, respectively. A method for the quantitative determination of each peak fever activity was developed and the factor responsible for each activity was investigated. The first and the second peak fever activities did not parallel each other in individual vaccines. The earlier fever activity appeared to correlate with endotoxin activity in individual vaccines while the later appeared to correlate with histamine-sensitizing factor (HSF) activity. The later peak fever activity was greatly reduced by heating the vaccine at 100 degrees C for 30 min while the first was little affected by such treatment. It was concluded that the fever activity of pertussis vaccine in mice may be ascribed to the combined actions of endotoxin and a heat-labile substance, possibly HSF.
Ishida
S
S
Department of General Biologics Control, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Iwasa
S
S
Fujiwara
H
H
Chazono
M
M
Akama
K
K
D000818:Animals; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004338:Drug Combinations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D051379:Mice; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D011749:Pyrogens; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000633:toxicity
D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004731:Endotoxins; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine; D011749:Pyrogens; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D037342:Pertussis Toxin