Expression of mouse protamine 1 genes in transgenic mice.
Mouse protamine genes are expressed exclusively in spermatids. Mouse protamine 1 (mP1) transcriptional regulatory elements can target the expression of either marked mP1 transgenes or mP1 chimeric genes to spermatids in transgenic mice. Sequences between -40 and -465 bp relative to the transcription start site are required for expression in spermatids, whereas sequences 3' of the point of translation initiation are dispensable. mP1 transcriptional regulatory sequences were used to direct the expression of a toxic gene product to spermatids. The phenotypic consequences of toxin expression in spermatids are described.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
J J
JJ
Peschon
R R
RR
Behringer
R D
RD
Palmiter
R L
RL
Brinster
D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000502:physiology*; D011479:Protamines / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012671:Seminiferous Tubules / Q000502:physiology*; D013087:Spermatids / Q000502:physiology; D013737:Testis / Q000502:physiology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D011479:Protamines; D012333:RNA, Messenger