Immune response of the llama (Lama glama) to tetanus toxoid vaccination.
An ELISA was developed to measure serum concentrations of tetanus toxoid-specific immunoglobulins. The titers obtained with this assay were compatible with those obtained by the standard mouse toxin-neutralization test. Serum samples from 123 llamas were analyzed for ELISA titers to tetanus toxoid. Of the 82 vaccinated adults, 75 (91%) had titers greater than or equal to 1:50. The vaccination status and titers of weanlings and juveniles (3 to 12 months old) varied; of the 21 vaccinated, 17 (81%) had titers greater than or equal to 1:50 and 7 of 9 (78%) unvaccinated llamas had titers less than 1:50. The ELISA titers of unvaccinated llamas less than 8 weeks old (crias) were matched with the maternal titers. All crias with titers less than 1:50 had dams with titers greater than or equal to 1:50.
Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
J
J
Paul-Murphy
L J
LJ
Gershwin
E F
EF
Thatcher
M E
ME
Fowler
W H
WH
Habig
D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001188:Artiodactyla / Q000276:immunology*; D002161:Camelids, New World / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000032:analysis*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013743:Tetanus Antitoxin / Q000032:analysis*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary
D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D013743:Tetanus Antitoxin; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid