[The radioecology of the grapevine. 1. The transfer of nuclear weapons fallout from the soil into wine].
In a field investigation (1983-1985) comprising eight places of the most important viticultural regions in the Federal Republic of Germany, the contents of the radionuclides tritium (3H), carbon-14 (14C), strontium-90 (90Sr), and cesium-137 (137Cs) in air, soils, leaves of the vine, grapes and wine were measured and site-specific transfer factors were calculated. Data concerning soil parameters, climatic conditions, cultivation and vinification were collected. The tritium content of all samples was 10 Bq/l water of combustion, independent of location and year. The specific activity of 14C in the atmosphere and in biological material was 0.22 Bq/g carbon, independent of site and year. 90Sr contents of soils fluctuated between 0.7 and 3.5 Bq/kg dry matter. The mean content of leaves was 2 Bq/kg fresh material, of grapes 0.035 Bq/kg and of wine 0.008 Bq/l. 137Cs content of soils fluctuated between 1.3 and 7.9 Bq/kg dry matter. The mean content of leaves was 0.098 Bq/kg fresh material, of grapes 0.021 Bq/kg and of wine 0.0085 Bq/l. A relation between transfer of radionuclides and soil parameters and between the contents of grapes and wine was not recognizable. While cultivar-specific differences were not observed in grapes, red wines contained somewhat more 137Cs than white wines. Transfer factors soil grapes were 0.027 for 90Sr and 0.0057 for 137Cs. Site-specific influences such as soil parameters, climate, cultivation, vinification and differences between years led to a relatively small fluctuation of values. An influence of the nuclear power station Neckarwestheim has not been found in any of the radionuclides.
Hellmuth
K H
KH
Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Helsinki, Finnland.
Wagner
A
A
Fischer
E
E
D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D002980:Climate; D005638:Fruit / Q000032:analysis*; D005860:Germany, West; D009689:Nuclear Warfare; D011847:Radioactive Fallout / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D014316:Tritium / Q000032:analysis; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D011847:Radioactive Fallout; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes; D014316:Tritium
Zur Radioökologie der Weinrebe. Teil 1. Transfer von Kernwaffenfallout vom Boden in den Wein.