[Angiocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular volumes and wall motion in infants and children: determination of normal values and analysis in diseased hearts].
Normal values of left ventricular (LV) function were determined angiographically in 50 normal infants and children. With these normal control data, LV function was assessed in 44 patients with a variety of cardiac diseases. LV volumes were calculated from 30 degrees right anterior oblique cineangiograms using area-length method. Normal values for LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) was expressed as a function of body surface area (BSA): LVEDV = 72.4 (BSA). The ratio of measured value to predicted normal value was calculated in the evaluation of diseased hearts. Mean LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in the normal group was 58.9 +/- 5.7%. There was no apparent correlation between LVEF and BSA or age of the patients. For the objective analysis of regional wall motion, the most adequate method was Area method which divides left ventriculogram into 5 regions. Mean ejection change in each region in the normal group was as follows; segment 1 (anterobasal) 52.4 +/- 6.9 (SD)%, segment 2 (anterolateral) 42.6 +/- 7.8%, segment 3 (apical) 46.3 +/- 6.7%, segment 4 (diaphragmatic) 37.0 +/- 7.0% and segment 5 (posterobasal) 29.0 +/- 5.6%. In the group of congenital heart disease with L-R shunt, 16 of 20 patients showed apparent increase of LVEDV. It remained within the normal range in 3 patients who had small shunt. There was no case which showed decreased LVEF or impaired regional wall motion. Both of the 2 patients with congestive cardiomyopathy showed increased LVEDV and decreased LVEF. Generalized hypokinesis of LV was recognized in one of them. In the group of Kawasaki disease with abnormal coronary arteries, which consisted of 27 ventriculograms in 22 patients, increased LVEDV and decreased LVEF were recognized in patients with coronary artery occlusion or large aneurysm. Decreased wall motion was observed in the territories of abnormal coronary arteries presenting occlusion or large-to-medium-sized aneurysm.
Kuribayashi
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D000790:Angiocardiography; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D012016:Reference Values