title: Effects of physiological state on duration of sedation in southern elephant seals.
abstract: One hundred eighty-one female and thirteen postweanling pup southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) were sedated using a combination of ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride. Physiological state had a profound effect on response of the animals to sedation. Physiologically stressed postlactation and postpartum cows had significantly longer periods of sedation than pre-molting females or recently weaned pups. Induction time was not affected by physiological status. Dose rates are recommended for elephant seals in various physiological states.
authors: Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania, Australia.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Woods
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Hindell
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Slip
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D010872:Caniformia / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D046048:Seals, Earless / Q000502:physiology*; D013843:Thiazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014886:Weaning; D014991:Xylazine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013843:Thiazines; D014991:Xylazine; D007649:Ketamine