title: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in infants and children.
abstract: Fibreoptic endoscopy is a highly efficient diagnostic tool which is now being increasingly used in pediatric age group also. However, certain special considerations like the use of special instruments, use of general anesthesia in younger children and various indications of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy need to be clearly emphasized. Over a period of 24 months, 132 children underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination in our section. Diagnostic endoscopy was carried out on 102 occasions and therapeutic on 162 occasions. Most of the children below 3 years of age required general anesthesia for the procedure. Children above 3 years of age could be managed by intravenous diazepam and pentazocine. The commonest cause of upper gastrointestinal bleed in children was variceal (60.6%) followed by erosive gastritis (27.2%). In children with recurrent abdominal pain no underlying cause was detected at endoscopy. Injection sclerotherapy was found to be a safe and effective mean for control of variceal bleed and most of the foreign bodies ingested by children and still lying proximal to 2nd part of duodenum could be successfully retrieved endoscopically.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Kochhar
authors: V K
authors: VK
authors: Misra
authors: S S
authors: SS
authors: Tambi
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Mehta
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000628:therapy; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000628:therapy; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions