title: [Incidence of nosocomial infections in patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency admitted to a respiratory intensive care unit].
abstract: The incidence of nosocomial infections is studied retrospectively, among 174 patients with a chronic respiratory disease, in a ICU during one year (1987). The medium-age is 65 years (range: 19-87 years); the sex-ratio is 125/50 (men/women); 88 (50%) are ventilated; 48 (27%) meet with a nosocomial infection during their stay in the unit. This superinfection involve 61% of the deaths. The lung involved in 67% of the cases, a septicemia from a venous catheter is found in 18% and an infection of the urinary tract in 15%. The nosocomial pneumonias are always the outcome of the ventilation. The Gram-negative bacilli are the most frequent, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%). The initial gravity promote the superinfection (SAPSE with superinfection: 16.63 +/- 5.67/without 11.43 +/- 4.59 p less than 0.001). The superinfection involve a prolongation of the ventilatory time (with 27.52 +/- 31.14 days/without 7.27 +/- 7.05 days p less than 0.001). The gravity and the frequency (28%) of the nosocomial infections set the problem of the antibioprophylaxis.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Defouilloy
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Dusart
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Gaffet
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Bellantonio
authors: J F
authors: JF
authors: Muir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015163:Superinfection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
vernacular_title: Incidences des infections nosocomiales chez des insuffisants respiratoires chroniques admis dans un secteur de réanimation respiratoire.