title: Recovery facilitation of malathion-intoxicated freshwater fish by exposure to hypertonic environment.
abstract: The possibility of recovery in a hypertonic environment (10-40% NaCl) was investigated in the freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus acutely intoxicated with the pesticide Malathion (40 mg/l). Survival was significantly higher in 15 g/l NaCl, with a shorter time required to recover posture and swimming, although 20% of recovered animals died on subsequent days. Exposure to a hypertonic environment plus pesticide did not protect the animals. Fish exposed to air until they became unresponsive recovered faster in freshwater than in a hypertonic environment. It is concluded that a hypertonic environment only facilitates recovery and that although osmotic mechanisms may explain the results, other possibilities remain to be investigated.
authors: Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brasil.
authors: L R
authors: LR
authors: Lopes
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Santos
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Dell'Aqua
authors: C R
authors: CR
authors: Del-Carratore
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Hoshino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes / Q000502:physiology*; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008294:Malathion / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009997:Osmotic Pressure
chemical_list: D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D008294:Malathion