title: Adductor laryngeal dystonia (spastic dysphonia): treatment with local injections of botulinum toxin (Botox).
abstract: Adductor spastic dysphonia (SD) is a laryngeal dystonia characterized by a choked, constrained voice pattern with breaks in vocal flow. Treatment with a variety of therapies including speech and pharmacotherapy have minimal benefit; only one-third of patients undergoing recurrent laryngeal nerve section have benefitted at 3 years. We have used local injections of botulinum toxin (Botox) bilaterally into vocalis muscles in 42 patients with SD. Injections were through a teflon-coated hollow electromyography (EMG) recording needle. Unilateral small doses (2.5-3.75 U) were of no clinical benefit. Bilateral small doses resulted in sustained improvement lasting 84.4 +/- 9.3 days. The degree of improvement was 61.1 +/- 4.6%. Common side-effects included a brief period of breathy hypophonia (8.5 +/- 2.5 days) and a mild sensation of choking/aspiration of fluids (1.7 +/- 0.6 days); there were no serious adverse effects. Vocal cord paralysis was not necessary for benefit. Follow-up vocalis muscle EMGs revealed denervation. All patients responded to retreatment (longest follow-up 3.5 years). Patients with prior recurrent laryngeal nerve surgery and residual uncomplicated dysphonia had similar results. Our results indicate that local injection of low-dose Botox is the treatment of choice for SD.
authors: Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Brin
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Blitzer
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Fahn
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Gould
authors: R E
authors: RE
authors: Lovelace
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007821:Laryngeal Muscles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins