Liquid chromatographic determination of total formaldehyde in drinking water.
Formaldehyde is readily quantitated at micrograms/L levels in drinking water. The analyte present in 1 L water samples is derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in a 2M acid medium and then extracted with chloroform. After the solvent is exchanged for methanol, the product is separated and quantitated using reverse-phase liquid chromatography with UV detection (365 nm). Reporting limits as low as 20 micrograms/L (corrected for laboratory blank) are routinely achieved. Formaldehyde recovery typically exceeds 90% at 20-200 micrograms/L. The method was applied to hot and cold water samples from thirty-four 1- and 2-story houses equipped with poly(acetal) plumbing elbows and tees. The drinking water samples were accompanied by sets of blanks and spikes specified by a quality assurance/quality control plan. Formaldehyde was observed above the reporting limit in 80% of hot and cold water samples from the 1-story dwellings, but in less than 50% of those from the 2-story dwellings. The results may depend on both the construction of the houses (1- vs 2-story) and the time of year the water is sampled (mid-summer).
Tomkins
B A
BA
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Division, TN 37831-6120.
McMahon
J M
JM
Caldwell
W M
WM
Wilson
D L
DL
D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000032:analysis*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010659:Phenylhydrazines; D011786:Quality Control; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010659:Phenylhydrazines; D005557:Formaldehyde; C004787:2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine