title: Experimental prevention of bitterweed (Hymenoxys odorata) poisoning of sheep.
abstract: To examine the effects on bitterweed toxicity of dietary factors known to increase thiol concentrations in the body, 36 lambs were fed one of the following diets (12 lambs/diet) for a minimum of 9 days prior to bitterweed administration: diet 1, 10% crude protein; diet 2, 20% crude protein, 0.5% methionine, 0.5% sodium sulfate, and 1,102 IU of vitamin E/kg; and diet 3, diet 2 with 0.5% ethoxyquin hydrochloride added. Four lambs fed each diet were euthanatized prior to bitterweed administration (initial euthanasia group). Four lambs fed each diet were administered bitterweed (0.68% hymenoxon, air-dried basis) at a rate of 0.25% of live weight for 5 consecutive days. The remaining four lambs on each diet served as unchallenged controls. In the initial euthanasia group, diet 2 increased extracellular blood thiol concentrations (1.12 vs 0.94 mg of SH/d1, P less than 0.10), rumen fluid thiol concentrations (4.46 vs 1.88 mg of SH/d1, P less than 0.05), and liver thiol concentrations (263.6 vs 109.3 micrograms SH/g of wet wt, P less than 0.05), compared with diet 1. Ethoxyquin hydrochloride (diet 3) reduced blood thiol concentrations (0.94 vs 1.12 mg of SH/dl, P less than 0.10) and liver thiol concentrations (151.6 vs 263.6 micrograms of SH/g of wet wt, P less than 0.05), compared with diet 2. Kidney thiols were unaffected by treatments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors: Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Agricultural Research and Extension Center, San Angelo 76901.
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Calhoun
authors: B C
authors: BC
authors: Baldwin
authors: S W
authors: SW
authors: Kuhlmann
authors: H L
authors: HL
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004435:Eating; D005015:Ethoxyquin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008715:Methionine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010939:Plant Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D011897:Random Allocation; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D013431:Sulfates; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; C012036:sodium sulfate; D014810:Vitamin E; D005015:Ethoxyquin; D008715:Methionine