title: [Acute digitoxin poisoning].
abstract: We report a case of severe digitoxin poisoning with--as to our knowledge--the highest plasma concentration reported so far (376 ng/ml). On admission, the patient suffered from nausea and vomiting. The ECG showed a complete AV-block which was managed temporarily by pacing. Phenytoin was given for ventricular tachycardias. The plasma potassium level was 7.4 mmol/l. The elimination of the digitoxin was enhanced with cholestyramine and hemoperfusion. Because of persisting arrhythmias, hyperkalemia and a very high digitoxin level, purified Fab fragments of digoxin-specific antibodies (cross-reacting with digitoxin) were administered. After a first dose of 480 mg nausea disappeared readily, and with a second dose of 480 mg cardiac rhythm disturbances and hyperkalemia were overcome. There were no adverse reactions to treatment. We confirm the effectiveness of digoxin-specific Fab antibody fragments in life-threatening digitoxin intoxication.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Battegay
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Cottier
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Burckhardt
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Ritz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004074:Digitoxin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004630:Emergencies; D006327:Heart Block / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D004074:Digitoxin
vernacular_title: Akute Digitoxinintoxikation.