title: Effect of trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole and hyperbaric oxygen on experimental Spiroplasma mirum encephalitis.
abstract: This study was undertaken to determine the susceptibility of experimentally induced Spiroplasma mirum infection in the rat to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) in combination with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). One-day-old Fisher 344 rats were intracerebrally inoculated with the GT-48 strain of S. mirum and were exposed to regimens employed combined antibiotic and HBO treatments. The exclusive use of TMP/SMX produced a significant reduction in mortality (P less than 0.0001) and an absence of clinical signs of infection. HBO in combination with TMP/SMX showed similar effect on mortality and no evident clinical disease. The addition of HBO did result in a significant decrease in spiroplasma brain titres but was no more effective in preventing the spiroplasma-induced fatal microcystic encephalopathy than when the antibiotics were used alone. The exclusive use of HBO produced a catastrophic mortality rate in the spiroplasma-infected rats, which is contrary to the effect of HBO on conventional bacterial infections.
authors: Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, College of Medicine, Mobile 36617.
authors: F O
authors: FO
authors: Bastian
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Jennings
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Hoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013149:Spiroplasma; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole