title: Ethnicity: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) differences among black, white, and Hispanic veterans who differ in degrees of exposure to combat in Vietnam.
abstract: Clinical observations and empirical evidence suggest that, among Vietnam combat veterans, Blacks are more maladjusted than Whites (e.g., Parsons, 1985; Penk et al., 1985). The prediction that minority group status is associated with poorer post-war adjustment and higher rates of PTSD was examined among Vietnam combat veterans who were seeking treatment for addiction disorders. Adjustment scores among groups comparable in combat exposure were found to be similar for both Whites and Hispanics; Blacks, however, score significantly higher on both PTSD symptoms on MMPI scales. These findings indicate that ethnicity contributes importantly to PTSD in selected instances, but that minority group status alone does not account for observed differences. Additional research is indicated in which careful attention is given to the complicating and interacting role of addiction disorders in sampling.
authors: Psychology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Boston, MA 02130.
authors: W E
authors: WE
authors: Penk
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Robinowitz
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Black
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Dolan
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Bell
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Dorsett
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ames
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Noriega
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology; D044383:Black People; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008950:MMPI; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000208:ethnology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*; D014744:Vietnam