title: Antitumor activity of hyperthermia alone or in combination with cisplatin and melphalan in primary cultures of human malignant melanoma.
abstract: The effects of heat and the interaction between hyperthermia and alkylating agents, such as cisplatin (CDDP) and melphalan (L-PAM) in human malignant melanoma biopsies have been investigated by a short-term assay based upon the inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation. Cell suspensions from 50 cutaneous and lymph nodal metastases were heated at 40.5 degrees C or at 42 degrees C for 1 h. There were significant antiproliferative effects due to heat in 10% of the tumors exposed to 40.5 degrees C and 34% to 42 degrees C. Thermal resistance was evident in 73% (at 40.5 degrees C) and 54% (at 43 degrees C) of tumors, and there was significant enhancement of cell growth in 17% and 12% of tumors. The combined effects of hyperthermia and drugs were studied on 36 tumors. Cell suspensions were exposed to different concentrations of CDDP or L-PAM for 1 h at 40.5 degrees C and 42 degrees C. Synergy between heat and CDDP was observed in 7% of cases treated with the lowest drug dose and 38% of cases treated with the highest (40.5 degrees C), with only a slight increase in the frequency of synergy at 42 degrees C. Synergy between heat and L-PAM was also observed in 12% to 44% of tumors at 42 degrees C as a function of drug concentration.
authors: Divisione di Oncologia Sperimentale C, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Zaffaroni
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Villa
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Daidone
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Vaglini
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Santinami
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Silvestrini
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008558:Melphalan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin; D008558:Melphalan