Periodontal conditions in insulin-dependent diabetics.
The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in age- and sex-matched adult long- and short-duration insulin-dependent diabetics and non-diabetics. The study involved 82 subjects with long- and 72 with short-duration diabetes and 77 non-diabetics, all aged 20-70 years. The clinical and radiographic examination comprised recordings of the number of existing teeth, absence or presence of plaque and supra- and subgingival calculus, gingival conditions, probing pocket depth and alveolar bone level. There were no significant differences in the number of existing teeth or presence of plaque and supra- and subgingival calculus between long- and short-duration diabetics and non-diabetics. Diabetics, irrespective of the duration of the disease, had a higher prevalence of sites with gingivitis than non-diabetics. Overall, there were no significant differences between the groups regarding the prevalence of tooth surfaces with probing pocket depths of 4 and 5 mm. However, on comparison between age subgroups, long-duration diabetics younger than 45 years had significantly more 4 and 5 mm pockets than non-diabetics. Long-duration diabetics altogether had significantly more tooth surfaces with probing depth greater than or equal to 6 mm than non-diabetics. The radiographs of alveolar bone height exhibited significantly more extensive alveolar bone loss in long-duration diabetics aged 40-49 years than in short-duration diabetics and non-diabetics. This, together with the increased number of subjects belonging to classification groups with severe periodontal disease experience among long-duration diabetics, indicates more periodontal disease in these diabetics.
Hugoson
A
A
Department of Periodontology, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.
Thorstensson
H
H
Falk
H
H
Kuylenstierna
J
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003728:Dental Calculus / Q000453:epidemiology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000453:epidemiology; D013548:Sweden; D013997:Time Factors