Immunization of children with sickle cell disease with Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine.
There are limited data concerning safety and immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine in children with sickle cell disease. Ninety-eight patients with sickle cell disease (65 with SS phenotype, 23 with SC phenotype, and 10 with S beta-thalassemia) 1.5 to 20 years of age were given 25 micrograms of vaccine subcutaneously. The vaccine was well tolerated; mild side effects were observed in 6 of 98 (6.1%) children. In addition, one patient with a recent vasoocclusive crisis was hospitalized because of fever and vasoocclusive crisis 8 hours after vaccination. Prevaccination anticapsular antibody concentrations (by radioimmunoassay) were less than 0.15 microgram/mL in 7 of 11 children 18 to 24 months of age (geometric mean 0.17 microgram/mL), in 10 of 25 children 2 to 5 years of age (geometric mean 0.36 microgram/mL), and in 3 of 50 patients 6 to 20 years of age (geometric mean 1.03 microgram/mL). Inadequate response (1- to 2-month postvaccination antibody level less than 1 microgram/mL) was found in 3 of 5 children 18 to 24 months of age (geometric mean 1.74 microgram/mL), in 8 of 21 children 2 to 5 years of age (geometric mean 2.20 micrograms/mL), and in 2 of 49 patients 6 to 20 years of age (geometric mean 18.03 micrograms/mL). Six months after vaccination, greater than 1 microgram/mL of antibody was present in the 2 children 6 to 20 years of age with inadequate response but not in the 7 children 2 to 5 years of age with inadequate response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Rubin
L G
LG
Division of Infectious Diseases, Schneider Children's Hospital of Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11042.
Voulalas
D
D
Carmody
L
L
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000276:immunology; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000145:classification; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial