Computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstructions of [14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose metabolism in cat lumbosacral spinal cord following cutaneous stimulation of the hindfoot.
We report on computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction of spinal cord activity associated with stimulation of the plantar cushion (PC) as revealed by [14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) serial autoradiographs. Moderate PC stimulation in cats elicits a reflex phasic plantar flexion of the toes. Four cats were chronically spinalized at about T6 under barbiturate anesthesia. Four to 11 days later, the cats were injected (i.v.) with 2-DG (100 microCi/kg) and the PC was electrically stimulated with needle electrodes at 2-5 times threshold for eliciting a reflex. Following stimulation, the spinal cord was processed for autoradiography. Subsequently, autoradiographs, representing approximately 8-18 mm from spinal segments L6-S1, were digitized for computer analysis and 3-D reconstruction. Several strategies of analysis were employed: 1) Three-dimensional volume images were color-coded to represent different levels of functional activity. 2) On the reconstructed volumes, "virtual" sections were made in the horizontal, sagittal, and transverse planes to view regions of 2-DG activity. 3) In addition, we were able to sample different regions within the grey and white matter semi-quantitatively (i.e., pixel intensity) from section to section to reveal differences between ipsi- and contralateral activity, as well as possible variation between sections. These analyses revealed 2-DG activity associated with moderate PC stimulation, not only in the ipsilateral dorsal horn as we had previously demonstrated, but also in both the ipsilateral and contralateral ventral horns, as well as in the intermediate grey matter. The use of novel computer analysis techniques--combined with an unanesthetized preparation--enabled us to demonstrate that the increased metabolic activity in the lumbosacral spinal cord associated with PC stimulation was much more extensive than had heretofore been observed.
Crockett
D P
DP
Department of Anatomy, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.
Smith
W K
WK
Proshansky
E
E
Kauer
J S
JS
Stewart
W B
WB
Woodward
D J
DJ
Schlusselberg
D S
DS
Egger
M D
MD
D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002415:Cats; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003837:Deoxy Sugars / Q000378:metabolism*; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000294:innervation; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D012018:Reflex; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*
D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D003837:Deoxy Sugars; D003847:Deoxyglucose