Comparative subchronic oral toxicity of sulphite and acetaldehyde hydroxysulphonate in rats.
A subchronic oral toxicity study of sodium metabisulphite and acetaldehyde hydroxysulphonate was conducted in normal and sulphite oxidase-deficient rats. At the highest dose level (350 mg SO2 equiv./kg body weight/day for 3 wk followed by 175 mg SO2 equiv./kg body weight/day for 5 wk of either compound), gastric lesions were noted histologically in both normal and sulphite oxidase-deficient rats. The lesions were more severe and more frequently encountered in the sulphite oxidase-deficient rats. The no-effect level for Na2S2O5 was 70 mg SO2 equiv./kg body weight/day in both normal and sulphite oxidase-deficient rats. Liver lesions were noted in rats treated with acetaldehyde hydroxysulphonate. These lesions may possibly be attributable to the effects of free acetaldehyde. The no-effect level for acetaldehyde hydroxysulphonate was 7 mg SO2 equiv./kg body weight/day for sulphite oxidase-deficient rats and 70 mg SO2 equiv./kg body weight/day for normal rats. Increased urinary excretion of sulphite was noted in sulphite oxidase-deficient rats whether or not they were given exogenous sulphites. An increase in urinary sulphite levels in sulphite oxidase-deficient rats was observed after dosing with acetaldehyde hydroxy-sulphonate. These findings suggest that acetaldehyde hydroxysulphonate is metabolized to acetaldehyde and free sulphite.
Hui
J Y
JY
Food Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
Beery
J T
JT
Higley
N A
NA
Taylor
S L
SL
D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000633:toxicity / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D050862:Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors / Q000172:deficiency; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013270:Stomach / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013447:Sulfites / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013885:Thiosulfates / Q000032:analysis
D013447:Sulfites; D013885:Thiosulfates; C061204:acetaldehyde hydroxysulfonate; D050862:Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors; D000079:Acetaldehyde