[Pharmacokinetic studies on the causes of increased neurotoxicity of lidocaine during heart surgery].
A high incidence of pathological EEG changes were registered following the treatment of arrhythmias using intravenous bolus injections of lidocaine during heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Lidocaine plasma concentrations were analysed by gas chromatography in order to detect reasons for this phenomenon. No dangerously high plasma levels of lidocaine were observed. The pharmacokinetic data show initially a larger volume of distribution and a shortening of distribution halflife. As causes for the increased neurotoxicity, a decrease of plasma binding and changed conditions for faster uptake by the brain are discussed. A reduction of lidocaine doses is recommended for this special clinical setting.
Olthoff
D
D
Vetter
B
B
Deutrich
C
C
Burkhardt
U
U
D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D008012:Lidocaine
Pharmakokinetische Untersuchungen zu den Ursachen der erhöhten Neurotoxizität des Lidokains während kardiochirurgischer Operationen.