title: Prostaglandin-sensitive adenylyl cyclase of cultured preadipocytes and mature adipocytes of the rat: probable role of Gi in determination of stimulatory or inhibitory action.
abstract: Preadipocytes of rats were obtained from the stromal-vascular fraction of collagenase-digested perirenal fat pads and grown in serum-containing medium. By day 8 of culture the cells reached confluence and by 12 days were lipid-laden. The adenylyl cyclase of the plasma membranes was compared to that of mature fat cells. Unlike the membranes from adipocytes, the preadipocytes showed adenylyl cyclase activity that was stimulated by GTP. Stimulation of preadipocyte membranes by Gpp(NH)p, NaF, and forskolin was comparable to that of membranes from adipocytes, but the response to epinephrine and isoproterenol was minimal (approximately 1.5-fold for preadipocytes vs. 4-5-fold for adipocytes). In contrast, GTP-dependent stimulation of adenylyl cyclase of preadipocytes by PGE1 was nearly 8-fold. Stimulation occurred even in the presence of both GTP and 140 mM NaCl, a condition that leads to inhibition by PGE1 of adenylyl cyclase in membranes of adipocytes. Other characteristics of the adenylyl cyclase of preadipocyte membranes that differ from those of adipocytes include lack of inhibition by GTP of forskolin-activated activity, and, following treatment with pertussis toxin, enhanced stimulation by PGE1. ADP-ribosylation of Gi and Gs with pertussis and cholera toxins, respectively, indicated that the membranes of preadipocytes contained only 5-11% of the Gi of adipocytes and a much lower ratio of Gi:Gs. These findings suggest that cultured preadipocytes have an incompletely developed Gi pathway that may account for the stimulatory effect of prostaglandins on the adenylyl cyclase of these cells as opposed to the inhibitory action of PG in mature fat cells.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Section, National Institute on Aging, Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Z D
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Piñeyro
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kirkland
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Gregerman
mesh_terms: D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism; D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008566:Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D011453:Prostaglandins; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D005576:Colforsin; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D012964:Sodium; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D000527:Alprostadil