title: Validation of the deuterium oxide method for measuring average daily milk intake in infants.
abstract: The deuterium oxide elimination method for measuring average daily milk intake was validated against measured formula intake in 16 studies of 11 infants in a metabolic ward. Deuterium oxide (approximately 0.10 g/kg body wt) was given orally. Deuterium enrichment was measured in urine samples collected predose, as available for 6-h postdose for TBW determination, and at 24 h and 5-10 d postdose for HDO elimination calculated according to the two-point method. Urine samples were vacuum distilled, water was reduced to hydrogen gas, and deuterium enrichment was measured by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Milk intake was measured throughout the elimination period from prefeeding and postfeeding bottle weights (n = 12) or volumes (n = 4). Without corrections for atmospheric water influx, milk intake was overestimated by 76 g/d (6%). With corrections for estimated metabolic water production, isotopic fractionation, and atmospheric water influx, deuterium measured 98% +/- 3% or 1300 g milk intake/d compared with actual milk intake of 1329 +/- 206 g/d.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Fjeld
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Schoeller
mesh_terms: D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003903:Deuterium; D017666:Deuterium Oxide; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D008895:Milk, Human; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D003903:Deuterium; D017666:Deuterium Oxide