Probucol, high-density lipoprotein metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport.
Accumulation of cholesterol within the arterial wall reflects an imbalance between delivery and efflux. Monocyte-derived macrophages play a major role in arterial wall cholesterol accumulation. Using tracer methodology in a rabbit model, several investigators have estimated the rate of cholesterol delivery and thus the steady-state rate of efflux to be between 0.4 and 2.4 micrograms/cm2/hour. The process responsible for arterial wall cholesterol efflux, "reverse cholesterol transport," can be conceptualized as a sequence of events including (1) loss of cell cholesterol, (2) intravascular cholesterol transport, (3) hepatic cholesterol uptake, and (4) biliary secretion. Work by many investigators has characterized these individual processes.
Gwynne
J T
JT
Division of Endocrinology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill.
D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D004058:Diffusion; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011341:Probucol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D018110:Receptors, Lipoprotein
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D010636:Phenols; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018110:Receptors, Lipoprotein; C031616:high density lipoprotein receptors; C075197:high density lipoprotein binding protein; D002784:Cholesterol; D011341:Probucol