title: Transfer of aged 239+240Pu, 238Pu, 241Am, and 137Cs to cattle grazing a contaminated arid environment.
abstract: In this paper, estimates are obtained of the fraction of ingested 239+240Pu, 238Pu, 241Am and 137Cs transferred to blood, muscle, liver, kidney, femur, vertebra, and gonads of a reproducing herd of 17 beef cattle, individuals of which grazed within fenced enclosures for up to 1064 days under natural conditions with no supplemental feeding at an arid site contaminated 16 years previously with transuranic radionuclides. The estimated geometric mean (GM) GI-to-blood fractional transfer of 238Pu (0.0001) was about 20 times larger than the estimated transfer of 239+240Pu (0.000005), while the estimated transfer of 241Am (0.00001) was about 2 times larger than that of 239+240Pu. These GM GI-to-blood transfers were smaller than the GI-to-blood transfer value of 0.001 recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for humans exposed via food chains or occupationally from unknown mixtures or compounds of plutonium and americium. Statistical tests indicated significantly (p less than 0.05) larger GI-to-tissue transfers of (1) 238Pu as compared to 239+240Pu for all tissues examined, (2) of 238Pu as compared to 241Am for muscle, liver, femur, and vertebra, and (3) of 241Am as compared to 239+240Pu for blood serum, femur, and kidney. The estimated GM fractional transfers of 137Cs from GI to muscle and liver were 0.03 (n = 8) and 0.001 (n = 3), respectively, assuming a 50-day biological half-time of 137Cs in cattle tissue.
authors.affiliation: Computational Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352.
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Anspaugh
mesh_terms: D000576:Americium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism*; D003889:Desert Climate; D005260:Female; D005507:Food Contamination, Radioactive; D006207:Half-Life; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D011005:Plutonium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D011005:Plutonium; D000576:Americium