title: Microprobe analysis of chlorpromazine pigmentation.
abstract: We describe the histochemical, ultrastructural, and microanalytical features of a skin biopsy specimen obtained from a patient with chlorpromazine pigmentation. Golden-brown pigment granules were present in the dermis, predominantly in a perivascular arrangement. The granules stained positively with the Fontana-Masson stain for silver-reducing substances and negatively with Perl's stain for iron. Electron microscopy revealed dense inclusion bodies in dermal histiocytes, pericytes, endothelial cells, and Schwann cells, as well as lying free in the extracellular matrix. These "chlorpromazine bodies" were quite dense even in unosmicated, unstained ultrathin sections, indicating that the pigmentation is related, at least in part, to the inclusions. Microprobe analysis of the chlorpromazine bodies revealed a striking peak for sulfur, which strongly suggests the presence of the drug or its metabolite within these inclusions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Benning
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: McCormack
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Shelburne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012867:Skin / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012880:Skin Pigmentation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002746:Chlorpromazine