title: Ca++ utilization in the constriction of rat aorta to stimulation of protein kinase C by phorbol dibutyrate.
abstract: To determine the role of activated protein kinase C in vascular smooth muscle contraction, phorbol dibutyrate was used to stimulate this enzyme in order to evaluate the source(s) of Ca++ (10(-8) to 3 X 10(-6) M) elicited a concentration-dependent sustained contraction which was slow in onset but progressive in developed tension. The maximal contractile response induced by phorbol dibutyrate was only partly dependent on influx of extracellular Ca++ as shown by similar reductions (40%) produced by Ca++-free buffer, LaCl3 (1 mM) or nifedipine (10(-6) M). These data suggest that phorbol dibutyrate is able to open Ca++ channels which are sensitive to nifedipine blockade. However, unlike norepinephrine or K+-depolarization, phorbol dibutyrate evoked a slow 45Ca++ influx which occurred only after extended contact time. Pretreatment with nifedipine again abolished this response. In contrast to norepinephrine, phorbol dibutyrate did not cause 45Ca++ efflux indicating that intracellular Ca++ was not mobilized. It is concluded that the residual 60% contraction to phorbol dibutyrate most likely occurs via a mechanism independent of the Ca-calmodulin pathway.
authors.affiliation: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Medical Products Department, Wilmington, Delaware.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bozarth
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Timmermans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010703:Phorbol Esters; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; C028521:lanthanum chloride; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D007811:Lanthanum; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D009543:Nifedipine; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine