Antigenic structure of Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin and its interaction with gangliosides, cerebroside, and free fatty acids.
A fragment distinct from the heavy and light chains was obtained by treatment of Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin with chymotrypsin. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting analysis with monoclonal antibodies showed that the fragment consisted of the light chain and part of the heavy chain (H-1 fragment) linked together by a disulfide bond. Monoclonal antibodies reacting to the heavy chain but not to the fragment were thought to recognize the epitopes on the remaining portion (H-2 fragment) of the heavy chain, being easily digested by chymotrypsin. Thus, the antigenic structure of type B neurotoxin resembles those of type A and E neurotoxins. The chymotrypsin-induced fragment bound to cerebroside and free fatty acids but not to gangliosides. The manner of binding of type B neurotoxin to gangliosides and free fatty acids was different from those of type A and E neurotoxins. Such differences in the reactivities to lipids may be related to the finding that each neurotoxin binds to a type-specific site on the neural membrane.
Kozaki
S
S
Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, University of Osaka Prefecture, Japan.
Ogasawara
J
J
Shimote
Y
Y
Kamata
Y
Y
Sakaguchi
G
G
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000276:immunology*; D002554:Cerebrosides / Q000502:physiology; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003014:Clostridium botulinum / Q000276:immunology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000502:physiology; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000502:physiology; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000276:immunology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D011485:Protein Binding; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002554:Cerebrosides; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005732:Gangliosides; D009498:Neurotoxins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D001905:Botulinum Toxins