title: Lessons learned in pediatric heart transplantation.
abstract: Between February 1, 1982, and June 30, 1988, 32 children underwent cardiac transplantation for treatment of congenital heart disease (10) and other cardiomyopathies (22). The 6-year actuarial survival was a disappointing 36% because of a high perioperative mortality (12 of 32, 37.5%) and because of five late deaths due to uncontrolable rejection. The perioperative mortality was a staggering 60% (6 of 10) for the patients with congenital heart disease. Four of the 6 recipients with congenital heart disease died because of acute failure of the donor right ventricle. This included 2 patients who required reconstruction of the pulmonary arteries for stenosis secondary to previous systemic-to-pulmonary shunts and 2 others in whom the pulmonary vascular resistances were underestimated because of undetected recent pulmonary emboli (1) and complicated pulmonary vascular anatomy (1). Five of the six late deaths were due to rejection-related events, and all were patients with acquired cardiomyopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trento
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Fricker
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kormos
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Armitage
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hardesty
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011788:Quality of Life
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003404:Creatinine