Do L3T4+ T cells act as effector cells in protection against influenza virus infection.
This study aimed to analyse the roles of Lyt 2+ and L3T4+ memory T-cell subpopulations in murine influenza infection. Previous work has shown that Lyt 2+ cytotoxic T-cell (Tc) clones can adoptively transfer protection. We therefore wished to see whether L3T4+ (Th) cells could also act as protective effector cells. Donors for adoptive cell transfer were thymectomized mice, depleted in vivo of either Lyt 2+ or L3T4+ T cells with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) and then infected with influenza virus (A/X31). Primed spleen cells, after removal of the B cells, were transferred into irradiated hosts infected simultaneously or persistently with a heterologous influenza virus and the effect on lung virus replication determined. Depletion of L3T4+ T cells suppressed the formation of IgG antibodies after influenza virus infection, indicating significant depletion of T-helper function. Yet Lyt 2+ class I MHC-restricted Tc cells were effectively primed in these mice, albeit to half the normal level. Adoptive transfer of the Lyt 2+ memory T cells cleared virus in a persistent infection within 6 days. Spleen cells selected for L3T4+ T cells cleared virus within 21 days of transfer in a simultaneous infection and reduced viral titres in a persistent infection, but not as effectively as L3T4+-depleted spleen cells. Although no Lyt 2+ cells were detected by fluorescence staining in Lyt 2+-depleted spleens, we could detect low levels of class I MHC-restricted influenza-specific Tc memory cells in host spleens following influenza infection. Therefore, whether the early viral clearance is solely due to L3T4+ T cells is not clear. Lyt 2+ memory T cells appear more efficient in this respect than L3T4+ memory T cells.
Lightman
S
S
Division of Immunology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, U.K.
Cobbold
S
S
Waldmann
H
H
Askonas
B A
BA
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral