Effects of interleukin 2 and large envelope glycoprotein (gp 120) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on lymphocyte proliferative responses to cytomegalovirus.
Lymphocytes from many HIV-infected asymptomatic individuals or patients with AIDS-related conditions (ARC) and from all AIDS patients were unable to proliferate in vitro in response to UV-inactivated cytomegalovirus (CMV). The addition of recombinant IL2 (rIL2) restored proliferative responses of lymphocytes from most HIV-infected asymptomatic individuals and ARC patients to levels similar to those of HIV-seronegative (HIV-) CMV-seropositive (CMV+) individuals. In contrast, rIL2 augmented CMV-specific lymphocyte proliferation of only 33% (6/18) of AIDS patients. Proliferative responses to CMV with or without rIL2 did not correlate well with the levels of CD4+ lymphocytes, HIV antigen levels or ratios of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. Proliferative responses to CMV were inhibited by relatively high concentrations (greater than or equal to 10 micrograms/ml) of recombinant HIV envelope glycoprotein (rgp120) and this immunosuppression was completely overcome by rIL2. These results indicate that defects in antigen-driven lymphocyte responses of HIV-infected individuals are not simply the result of reduced numbers of CD4+ lymphocytes but are influenced by defects in IL2 pathways and by immunosuppressive effects of HIV gp120.
Krowka
J
J
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Stites
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Mills
J
J
Hollander
H
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McHugh
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Busch
M
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Wilhelm
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Blackwood
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L
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006678:HIV / Q000378:metabolism; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008938:Mitosis; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D007376:Interleukin-2; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins