title: Antagonists for acute oral cadmium chloride intoxication.
abstract: An examination has been carried out on the relative efficacy of a number of chelating agents when acting as antagonists for oral cadmium chloride intoxication in mice. The compounds were administered orally after the oral administration of cadmium chloride at 1 mmol/kg. Of the compounds examined, several were useful in terms of enhancing survival, but by far the most effective in both enhancing survival and leaving minimal residual levels of cadmium in the liver and the kidney, was meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). Several polyaminocarboxylic acids also enhanced survival. The most effective of these in reducing liver and kidney levels of cadmium were diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N'N'-tetraacetic acid (CDTA), and triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid (TTHA). D-Penicillamine (DPA) was found to promote survival but also led to kidney cadmium levels higher than those found in the controls. Sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS) was as effective in promoting survival as DMSA but left levels of cadmium in the kidney and liver that were approximately four times greater than those found with DMSA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Basinger
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Holscher
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Vaughn
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004113:Succimer / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D002614:Chelating Agents; D002104:Cadmium; C005390:CDTA; D004369:Pentetic Acid; C026059:triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; D004113:Succimer; D019256:Cadmium Chloride