title: Thermoregulation during prolonged exercise in heat: alterations with beta-adrenergic blockade.
abstract: Thermoregulation and cardiovascular drift were studied under conditions of prolonged exercise in a warm environment (dry bulb temperature 31.7 +/- 0.3 degrees C, rh 44.7 +/- 4.7%) during beta-adrenergic blockade. Fourteen subjects performed 90-min rides on a cycle ergometer at a work rate equivalent to 40% of their control maximal O2 uptake under each of three treatments provided in a randomized double-blind manner: atenolol (100 mg/day), propranolol (160 mg/day), and a placebo. Exercise during the propranolol trial resulted in significantly higher forearm vascular resistance values and significantly lower forearm blood flows (FBF) compared with the placebo trial. However, the significantly lower FBF during propranolol did not significantly alter the rectal temperature (Tre) response to prolonged exercise. In addition, both beta-blockers produced lower FBF for any given Tre, suggesting that beta-adrenergic blockade affects FBF through nonthermal factors. The slight differences in Tre, despite the large differences in FBF between the various treatments, are apparently the result of an enhanced sweat loss and a lower mean skin temperature during exercise with beta-blockade. The uncoupling of FBF and sweat loss provides evidence of independent regulation. The reduction in FBF at any given Tre was concomitant to lower blood pressure values during beta-blockade and suggests that baroreflexes provide significant input to the control of skin blood flow when both pressure and temperature maintenance are simultaneously challenged.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Freund
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Joyner
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jilka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kalis
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nittolo
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feese
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wilmore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm; D001262:Atenolol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000098:blood supply; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D005082:Physical Exertion; D010919:Placebos; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D001262:Atenolol; D011433:Propranolol