title: Phototoxic effects of fluoranthene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, on bacterial species.
abstract: Fluoranthene, a non-carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, inactivates Escherichia coli cells in the presence of near-ultraviolet light (NUV; 300-400 nm). E coli cells carrying defects in the uvrA6 or katF genes are sensitized to inactivation by the simultaneous treatment with fluoranthene and NUV, suggesting that DNA is a target and that hydrogen peroxide is generated. Haemophilus influenzae transforming DNA can be inactivated by the simultaneous treatment with fluoranthene and NUV confirming DNA as a target. Using the photooxidation of imidazole and histidine as probes, fluoranthene was found to generate singlet oxygen in organic and aqueous media. In water, it participated in electron transfer reactions, reducing nitro blue tetrazolium as well as ferricytochrome C. This reduction took place both in the presence of air, where superoxide anion was formed, and under argon. Simultaneous treatment with fluoranthene and NUV was incapable of inducing histidine-independent mutations. Simultaneous treatment with fluoranthene and NUV was incapable of inducing the uvrA gene product as evidenced by the absence of the induction of beta-galactosidase in an E coli operon fusion strain [uvrA215::Mud(Ap,lac)].
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Tuveson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kagan
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Moresco
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: von Behne
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bazin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santus
mesh_terms: D004249:DNA Damage; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000235:genetics; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010777:Photochemistry; D013481:Superoxides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005449:Fluorenes; D013481:Superoxides; C007738:fluoranthene; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide