title: Heterogeneous regulatory changes in cell surface membrane receptors coupled to a positive inotropic response in the failing human heart.
abstract: The failing human ventricular myocardium undergoes heterogeneous changes at the receptor level that have some impact on the ability of the failing myocardium to respond to inotropic stimuli. In the failing human ventricular myocardium the beta 1-adrenergic receptor is profoundly down-regulated, the beta 2-adrenergic receptor is only slightly decreased, alpha 1-adrenergic receptors are unchanged and VIP receptors appear to be increased in density or affinity. These changes have implications for therapeutic strategies for heart failure and for the natural history and pathogenesis of heart muscle disease.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bristow
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hershberger
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011968:Receptors, Histamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D011968:Receptors, Histamine; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases