Lymphocyte activation by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein.
Cell activation by phytohaemagglutinin, phorbol ester and by the supernatant of phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells induces the expression and cytopathic effects of latent human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in vitro. The lymphocyte surface protein CD4 has been identified as a receptor for HIV-1 and binds the viral envelope glycoprotein (gp120). In the light of evidence indicating that one natural function of CD4 is as a growth factor receptor, we examined the ability of native gp120 to activate resting CD4-bearing lymphocytes. Our results indicate that gp120 has innate biological activity as a result of a specific interaction with CD4, inducing increases in intracellular levels of inositol trisphosphate and of calcium, and in interleukin-2 receptor expression and cell motility.
Kornfeld
H
H
Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118.
Cruikshank
W W
WW
Pyle
S W
SW
Berman
J S
JS
Center
D M
DM
D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D006678:HIV; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000502:physiology; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D002118:Calcium