title: Interaction of cytochrome c with liposomes: covalent labeling of externally bound protein by the fluorescent probe, azidonaphthalenedisulfonic acid, enclosed in the inner aqueous compartment of unilamellar vesicles.
abstract: The photoreactive fluorescent probe, 3-azidonaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid (ANDS) was encapsulated in the inner aqueous compartment of small unilamellar liposomes, prepared from egg phosphatidylcholine (PC) +/- 20 mol% dihexadecylphosphate (DHP). After adding cytochrome c externally to a suspension of these vesicles, the probe was activated by ultraviolet irradiation, and the protein was separated from the lipids. When negatively charged (egg PC/DHP) vesicles at low ionic strength were used, which form an electrostatic complex with cytochrome c, the protein was labeled by ANDS. This process depended on irradiation time, and was inhibited by increasing the ionic strength of the medium. Labeling was not observed with isoelectric (egg PC) vesicles. These observations suggest that electrostatic binding of cytochrome c to the bilayer is accompanied by intramembrane penetration to such a depth that the protein can communicate with the inner membrane-water interface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szebeni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tollin
mesh_terms: D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008081:Liposomes; D009282:Naphthalenesulfonates; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008081:Liposomes; D009282:Naphthalenesulfonates; D010755:Organophosphates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; C002290:dicetylphosphate; C019152:3-azido-2,7-naphthalene disulfonate