title: Effect of diphenhydramine on organophosphorus insecticide toxicity in mice.
abstract: Male mice were treated orally with the organophosphorus insecticides fenamiphos and dichlorvos at 10 and 150 mg/kg, respectively. The insecticides produced signs of toxicosis characteristic of cholinesterase inhibition, and induced death in all treated mice. Pretreatment of mice with diphenhydramine HCl (20 and 30 mg/kg, subcutaneously) 15 min before either insecticide significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced the incidence of toxic manifestations (excessive salivation, Straub tail, and whole body tremor), delayed the onset of death, and increased the percentage of survivors. Doses of diphenhydramine less than 20 mg/kg were not so effective. The data indicated a protective property of diphenhydramine against organophosphorus insecticide-induced toxicosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Iraq.
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: al-Kassim
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Abdul-Latif
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D004006:Dichlorvos / Q000633:toxicity*; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects; D014202:Tremor / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D004006:Dichlorvos; D004155:Diphenhydramine; C002698:fenamiphos