title: Downregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) sensitivity via modulation of TNF binding capacity by protein kinase C activators.
abstract: The regulatory action of activators for protein kinase C on the specific binding capacity for recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) was studied on various human cell lines. Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and oleyl acetyl glycerol (OAG) both are able to rapidly downregulate TNF-binding capacity of normal and malignant cells derived from various tissues. As PMA treatment did not enhance internalization of TNF-alpha-receptor complexes at 37 degrees C, and since OAG was able to downregulate TNF-binding capacity under conditions where internalization and shedding of receptor protein are prevented, we conclude that protein kinase C controls ligand affinity of the TNF-receptor protein, possibly via direct phosphorylation. Protein kinase C triggered downregulation of TNF-alpha-binding capacity concomitantly resulted in reduction of TNF-alpha sensitivity, as revealed from decreased cytotoxic action of TNF-alpha on L 929 cells and from inhibition of TNF-alpha-mediated enhancement of HLA class II antigen expression in Colo 205 cells. Restoration of TNF-binding capacity upon abrogation of protein kinase C stimulation leads to full recovery of TNF responsiveness, further supporting the close linkage of TNF-receptor expression and TNF sensitivity. These data suggest that regulation of TNF-binding capacity by protein kinase C is one of the cellular control mechanisms of TNF responsiveness.
authors.affiliation: Klinische Arbeitsgruppe BRWTI, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Göttingen, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Unglaub
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maxeiner
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thoma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pfizenmaier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheurich
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004705:Endocytosis; D006801:Humans; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate