Using microcounseling to teach RN nursing students skills of therapeutic communication.
This study assessed the degree to which nursing students acquired and retained six generic skills of communication. Fifty-three second year female RN students were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (E-group) which received microtraining, or a nonattention control group (C-group). All subjects completed both the Carkhuff Indices of Communication and Discrimination as pretests. The E-group then had approximately 25 hours of microtraining in six basic communication skills. Following training, each subject completed the Carkhuff Indices again, the Empathy Construct Rating Scale, and a 10- to 15-minute audiotaped interview in which she assumed the role of a helping nurse. Multivariate analysis of covariance indicated a significant main effect suggesting that the E-group performed better than the C-group when all the measures were combined together. As well, the experimental trainees performed significantly better than the control trainees on empathy, reflection of feeling, and summarizing. The E-group made fewer communication errors, asked fewer closed-questions, made more Good responses, and showed a significant increase in empathy over training. At the nine-month follow-up, while there were no statistically significant differences between the groups on any dependent measure, the E-group outperformed the C-group on all dependent measures.
Daniels
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TG
Sir Wilfred Grenfell College, Memorial University, Corner Brook, Newfoundland.
Denny
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A
Andrews
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003142:Communication; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D004510:Education, Nursing, Diploma Programs; D004645:Empathy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*