title: Effect of potassium ethylxanthate and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate on the accumulation and disposition of nickel in the brown trout (Salmo trutta).
abstract: Brown trouts, Salmo trutta, were exposed to water containing 0.1 or 10 micrograms/l of 63Ni2+, alone or with potassium ethylxanthate or sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. After one and three weeks the accumulation and disposition of the 63Ni2+ in the fish were examined by liquid scintillation spectrometry and whole-body autoradiography. The sodium diethyldithiocarbamate was found to greatly enhance the uptake of 63Ni2+ in several tissues of the trouts. Potassium ethylxanthate was without effect. Diethyldithiocarbamate is known to form lipophilic complexes with metals, including nickel, and a facilitated penetration of the complexed nickel over the cellular membranes of the gills and other tissues is a likely mechanism underlying our results. The ethylxanthate is also able to form a lipophilic nickel-chelate, although of a lower lipophilicity than the nickel-diethyldithiocarbamate-complex. This variance in lipophilicity may explain why the disposition of the 63Ni2+ was affected by the diethyldithiocarbamate, but not by the ethylxanthate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gottofrey
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borg
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jasim
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tjälve
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004050:Ditiocarb / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009532:Nickel / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012487:Salmonidae / Q000378:metabolism*; D013871:Thiones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014337:Trout / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013871:Thiones; D009532:Nickel; D004050:Ditiocarb; C004918:ethylxanthate