Comparison between parainfluenza virus type 2 and simian virus 5: monoclonal antibodies reveal major antigenic differences.
Marked differences in the apparent Mrs of the HN, NP and F proteins of simian virus 5 (SV5) and parainfluenza virus type 2 (PF-2) were revealed by SDS-PAGE. To examine the antigenic relationships between SV5, PF-2 and other paramyxoviruses, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to PF-2 were isolated. These antibodies had specificities for the HN, NP and P proteins and together with 54 MAbs to SV5 were tested for their ability to react with SV5, PF-2, PF-3, mumps and measles virus proteins. Most of these MAbs (55 out of 60) reacted with homologous virus only. However, five reacted with both SV5 and PF-2. These antibodies had reactivities to the NP, M and P proteins. Furthermore, one of the antibodies with reactivity to the P protein also reacted with mumps virus. Although none of the 21 MAbs with specificities for the HN protein of either SV5 or PF-2 cross-reacted with heterologous virus, some antigenic similarities between the HN protein of SV5 and PF-2 could be detected. This was demonstrated by raising a series of polyclonal antisera to purified preparations of SV5 or PF-2 HN proteins in BALB/c mice, and testing for their ability to neutralize both SV5 and PF-2 and also to immunoprecipitate the HN proteins of these viruses. Surprisingly, while low levels of cross-neutralizing antibody could be detected in some sera (e.g. neutralization of SV5 1:1600 and of PF-2 1:80), other sera with similar neutralization titres against homologous virus failed to neutralize heterologous virus. Furthermore, only a minority of the anti-HN antisera showed any immune-precipitating activity against the heterologous HN protein.
Randall
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RE
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of St Andrews, Fife, U.K.
Young
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DF
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D002460:Cell Line; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006825:Hybridomas; D007118:Immunoassay; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010223:Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D018108:Respirovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D014709:Vero Cells; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins