title: Phylogenetic relationships among Japanese, rhesus, Formosan, and crab-eating monkeys, inferred from restriction-enzyme analysis of mitochondrial DNAs.
abstract: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms in four species of macaques, i.e., Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata), rhesus monkey (M. mulatta), Formosan monkey (M. cyclopis), and crab-eating monkey (M. fascicularis), were analyzed to study phylogenetic relationships. When 17 restriction enzymes of 6-bp recognition were used, 42-49 sites were observed in the samples. The estimated number of nucleotide substitutions per site among Japanese, rhesus, and Formosan monkeys ranges from 0.0318 to 0.0396, and that between the crab-eating monkey and the other monkeys from 0.0577 to 0.0653. These findings suggest that the crab-eating monkey diverged from the other three approximately 1.5-3.0 Myr before the present (Mybp) and that the Japanese, rhesus, and Formosan monkeys diverged approximately 0.9-1.8 Mybp, although the branching order cannot be determined conclusively.
authors.affiliation: Laboratories of Human Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayasaka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gojobori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shotake
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D008251:Macaca / Q000235:genetics*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000235:genetics*; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000235:genetics*; D009710:Nucleotide Mapping; D010802:Phylogeny; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes