title: Guanine nucleotide regulation of adenylate cyclase in permeabilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Adenylate cyclase in permeabilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined. Among various permeabilization procedures, including organic solvents, detergents and other reagents, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and digitonin treatments resulted in the highest recovery of adenylate cyclase activity. Incubation of cells at 30 degrees C with digitonin at 0.01% to 0.1%, or DMSO at 20% to 40% for 15 to 30 min gave optimal adenylate cyclase activity. The enzyme activity in digitonin-permeabilized cells could be supported only by Mn2+, whereas Mg2+ with or without guanine nucleotides did not support cyclase activity. DMSO-permeabilized cells exhibit efficient Mn2+- and Mg2+/Gpp[NH]p-dependent stimulation. Furthermore, digitonin added to yeast membranes at a 1:50 detergent to protein ratio (w/w) abolishes guanyl nucleotide regulation without significantly affecting the Mn2+-supported cyclase activity. The superiority of DMSO is further supported by the fact that recovery of adenylate cyclase activity is better in the DMSO-treated cells than in the digitonin-treated cells. DMSO most probably causes less disturbance of the fabric of the native cell. We conclude that digitonin, but not DMSO, uncouples the catalytic unit of adenylate cyclase from the regulatory GTP binding (ras) proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Enari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levitzki
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004072:Digitonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006150:Guanine Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006165:Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D006150:Guanine Nucleotides; D006165:Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate; D008345:Manganese; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D008274:Magnesium; D004072:Digitonin; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide