title: Mitochondrial DNA of the extinct quagga: relatedness and extent of postmortem change.
abstract: Sequences are reported for portions of two mitochondrial genes from a domestic horse and a plains zebra and compared to those published for a quagga and a mountain zebra. The extinct quagga and plains zebra sequences are identical at all silent sites, whereas the horse sequence differs from both of them by 11 silent substitutions. Postmortem changes in quagga DNA may account for the two coding substitutions between the quagga and plains zebra sequences. The hypothesis that the closest relative of the quagga is the domestic horse receives no support from these data. From the extent of sequence divergence between horse and zebra mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs), as well as from information about the fossil record, we estimate that the mean rate of mtDNA divergence in Equus is similar to that in other mammals, i.e., roughly 2% per million years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Wrischnik
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oakes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D005796:Genes; D006736:Horses / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D010163:Paleontology; D010527:Perissodactyla / Q000235:genetics*; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV