title: Split-dose sparing of gamma-ray-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction in rats.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiation-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction exhibits split-dose sparing. Rats were sacrificed 2 months after a range of 60Co gamma-ray doses (0-40 Gy) delivered to the right hemithorax in either a single fraction or in two equal fractions separated by 24 h. Pulmonary angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity, plasminogen activator (PLA) activity, and prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane (TXA2) production served as indices of lung endothelial function. There were dose-dependent decreases in ACE and PLA activity and increases in PGI2 and TXA2 production after both single and split-dose exposures. The D2-D1 values determined from the two-fraction minus single-fraction isoeffective doses were 3.9 Gy for ACE activity, 7.2 Gy for PLA activity, 4.8 Gy for PGI2 production, and 4.7 Gy for TXA2 production. Thus these data demonstrate that over the present range of radiation doses approximately 4-7 Gy is repairable as subeffective endothelial damage during the 24-h interval between fractions. These values agree with previously published estimates of split-dose sparing in mouse lung based on lethality and breathing rate assays.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611.
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hinz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molteni
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ts'ao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D004727:Endothelium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000378:metabolism; D005720:Gamma Rays; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D011464:Epoprostenol; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D010960:Plasminogen Activators