title: Investigations on myelinogenesis in vitro: II. The occurrence and regulation of protein kinases by thyroid hormone in primary cultures of cells dissociated from embryonic mouse brain.
abstract: The occurrence and regulation by thyroid hormone of four protein kinases (cyclic AMP independent and dependent, calcium/calmodulin stimulated, and calcium/phosphatidyl serine stimulated protein kinases) was studied in primary cultures of cells dissociated from embryonic mouse brain. Serum from a thyroidectomized calf, which contained low levels of L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, T3 (less than 25 ng/100 ml), and thyroxine, T4 (less than 1 microgram/100 ml) was used in the culture medium in place of normal calf-serum (T3, 130 ng/100 ml; T4 5.9 micrograms/100 ml) to render the cultures responsive to exogenously added T3. Cultures grown in hypothyroid calf-serum containing medium had less cAMP dependent and independent protein kinase activity than control cultures grown in normal calf-serum containing medium. However, this activity was restorable to a considerable degree if the cultures grown in hypothyroid calf serum containing medium were supplemented with L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3). The presence of calcium/calmodulin stimulated protein kinase was also distinctly observed. In comparison, the activity of calcium/phosphatidyl serine stimulated protein kinase was less than the other protein kinases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shanker
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pieringer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000502:physiology*; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D004075:Diglycerides; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011494:Protein Kinases