title: Presence of di- and polyamines covalently bound to protein in rat liver.
abstract: Acid hydrolysis of trichloroacetic acid precipitate from rat tissue (liver, kidney and testis) homogenate released significant amounts of acid-insoluble putrescine, spermidine and spermine. Following incubation of liver homogenate with [1,4-14C]putrescine, 1.4% of total radioactivity and 1.0% of labelled diamine were recovered in the acid-insoluble fraction. Exhaustive digestion of acid-precipitable material with proteinases (Pronase, aminopeptidase M, carboxypeptidase A, B and Y) revealed the presence of di- and polyamines and of N1-(gamma-glutamyl)spermidine, N1-(gamma-glutamyl)spermine and N1,N12-bis(gamma-glutamyl)spermine. These derivatives were identified both by chromatographic analysis and by enzymatic digestion with purified gamma-glutamylamine cyclotransferase. The finding of di- and polyamine gamma-glutamyl derivatives in the proteinase-digested acid-insoluble fraction of homogenate may be considered as a proof of the in vivo transglutaminase-catalyzed binding of polyamines to proteins. This evidence suggests that di- and polyamines might have an important role in mammalian tissues through covalent binding to proteins by either one or both the primary amino groups.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beninati
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piacentini
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Argento-Cerù
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Russo-Caia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Autuori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011073:Polyamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011700:Putrescine / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013095:Spermidine / Q000378:metabolism; D013096:Spermine / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism; D005722:gamma-Glutamylcyclotransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011073:Polyamines; D011506:Proteins; D005973:Glutamine; D013096:Spermine; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D005722:gamma-Glutamylcyclotransferase; D013095:Spermidine; D011700:Putrescine