Somatostatin and the cerebral cortex.
A unique subset of interneurons which are rich in immunoreactive somatostatin (IRS) exists in the cerebral cortex. The regulation of IRS secretion by these cells is reviewed. Acetylcholine, glutamic acid and several neuropeptides including VIP, CCK, and metenkephalin have been identified as IRS secretagogues. The types of molecules which stimulate IRS release, the electrophysiologic effects of somatostatin, and the recognition of abnormal IRS levels in human CNS diseases were all used to formulate a working model of the role of the somatostatinergic cell in ongoing cerebral cortical function.
Robbins
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D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007395:Interneurons / Q000378:metabolism; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism*
D000596:Amino Acids; D007476:Ionophores; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D013004:Somatostatin; D005947:Glucose