title: Modulation of left ventricular hypertrophy by dietary salt and inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme.
abstract: The interactions of blood pressure, salt intake and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition were investigated in the Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) strains of rats. Eight-week-old DS and DR (40 of each) were separately randomized to receive a low- (0.4% NaCl) or a high- (8% NaCl) salt diet for 3 weeks. Thereafter the rats were further separated randomly to receive the ACE inhibitor lisinopril (3-8 mg/kg per day) or no drug treatment for 11 weeks. In untreated DS rats blood pressure rose, paralleled by a higher left ventricular mass (ratio left ventricular weight/body weight) irrespective of salt intake. Lisinopril lowered blood pressure to normotensive levels in all groups except DS rats on a high-salt diet, despite doses of up to 100 mg/kg per day, although there was a significant fall in blood pressure. Lisinopril reduced left ventricular mass significantly on the low- but not on the high-salt diet. Plasma renin activity increased on lisinopril treatment in all groups except DS rats on the high-salt diet. Regression of an increased left ventricular mass by ACE inhibition seemed to be impaired by a high salt intake, even when blood pressure was lowered. Therefore, although for regression of left ventricular hypertrophy, reduction of afterload was the leading factor, this might be adversely affected by a high salt intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Memorial University Medical School, St John's Newfoundland, Canada.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bolli
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Snedden
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vasdev
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Fernandez
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004656:Enalapril / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017706:Lisinopril; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011922:Rats, Mutant Strains / Q000502:physiology; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D000450:Aldosterone; D004656:Enalapril; D017706:Lisinopril; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D012083:Renin