Impaired interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 production following in vitro abortive infection of murine spleen mononuclear cells by Semliki Forest virus.
The effect of Semliki Forest virus (SFV) infection of murine spleen mononuclear cells was investigated in vitro. A small percentage of spleen macrophages expressed viral antigens, but no infectious virus particles were released, indicating an abortive-type infection. Wild-type SFV infected a higher percentage of macrophages than the attenuated, demyelinating mutant A7. The proliferation of spleen mononuclear cells under Con A stimulation was inhibited by the viral infection. The supernatant (SN) harvested from infected and Con A-stimulated spleen adherent cells could not stimulate thymocytes in an interleukin 1 (IL-1) assay and indomethacin treatment of infected cultures had no effect. The stimulatory effect of SN from noninfected cultures in the IL-1 assay was reduced when SN from infected cultures was added, suggesting the presence of an IL-1 inhibitor. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) production by splenocytes also decreased after viral infection, but exogenous IL-2 restored the response to Con A stimulation of infected spleen cells. This study demonstrates that abortive SFV infection of spleen macrophages has an immunosuppressive effect which may lead to an aberrant immune regulation.
Wu
L X
LX
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Ilonen
J
J
Mäkelä
M J
MJ
Salonen
R
R
Marusyk
R
R
Salmi
A A
AA
D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D012672:Semliki forest virus; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D014036:Togaviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication
D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D003208:Concanavalin A