title: Incorporation and metabolism of 2'-fluoro-5-substituted arabinosyl pyrimidines and their selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-infected and mock-infected Vero cells.
abstract: The incorporation and metabolism of 2'-fluoro-5-substituted arabinosyl pyrimidine analogs, and their selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-infected and mock-infected Vero cells were studied by HPLC and CsCl isopycnic density gradient analysis of isolated DNAs. The amounts of radiolabeled analogs incorporated as parent compound following 10 microM exposure for 4 h were 10-fold higher in HSV-1-infected vs mock-infected cells for 2'-fluoro-5-difluoromethyl-Ara-U (F2FMAU); 4.3-fold higher for 5-ethyl deoxyuridine (EdU); 2.6-fold higher for 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-Ara-U (FMAU) and 1.7-fold higher for dThd. For 2'-fluoro-5-ethyl-Ara-U (FEAU), 3.0 pmole of unchanged moiety was incorporated per 10(6) HSV-1-infected cells but no incorporation was detected in mock-infected cells. HPLC profiles showed that the percentages of radiolabeled analogs incorporated as parent compound in the DNA extracted from HSV-1-infected cells were 31.0% for F2FMAU, 99.6% for EdU, 83.5% for FEAU and 98.3% for FMAU; from mock-infected cells, they were 63.6% for F2FMAU, 96.7% for EdU, 97.3% for FMAU and no incorporation into DNA for FEAU was detected. CsCl density gradient analyses of isolated DNA showed that viral DNA synthesis was inhibited 98% by 10 microM FEAU, 92% by 10 microM F2FMAU, 90% by 2 microM FMAU and 80% by 50 microM EdU, whereas cellular DNA synthesis was inhibited by 53, 44, 61, 66 and 54%, respectively. We conclude that: (a) FEAU incorporation into host-cell DNA was not detectable but FEAU was selectively incorporated into HSV-infected cells; (b) FMAU and FEAU were metabolically stable; however, F2FMAU was extensively metabolized; (c) FEAU and F2FMAU were among the most selective inhibitors of HSV-1 DNA synthesis while allowing cellular DNA synthesis to continue.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.
authors.forename: X B
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Scheck
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Fanucchi
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001087:Arabinonucleosides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002500:Centrifugation, Isopycnic; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011741:Pyrimidine Nucleosides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001087:Arabinonucleosides; D004279:DNA, Viral; D011741:Pyrimidine Nucleosides