title: In vitro and in vivo antiviral activity of scopadulcic acid B from Scoparia dulcis, Scrophulariaceae, against herpes simplex virus type 1.
abstract: The antiviral activity of five diterpenoids isolated from Scoparia dulcis L., Scrophulariaceae, was examined in vitro against herpes simplex virus type 1. Among these compounds, only scopadulcic acid B was found to inhibit the viral replication with the in vitro therapeutic index of 16.7. The action of scopadulcic acid B was not due to a direct virucidal effect or inhibition of virus attachment to host cells. Single-cycle replication experiments indicated that the compound interfered with considerably early events of virus growth. The influence of scopadulcic acid B on the course of the primary corneal herpes simplex virus infection was investigated by means of a hamster test model. When the treatment was initiated immediately after virus inoculation, scopadulcic acid B, when applied orally or intraperitoneally, effectively prolonged both the appearance of herpetic lesions and the survival time at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg per day.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sugitani, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niwayama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nago
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006224:Cricetinae; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007635:Keratitis, Dendritic / Q000188:drug therapy; D008647:Mesocricetus; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; C058658:scopadulcic acid B