title: Chemical modification of surfactant protein A alters high affinity binding to rat alveolar type II cells and regulation of phospholipid secretion.
abstract: Alveolar type II cells express a high affinity receptor for pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A), and the interaction of SP-A with these cells leads to inhibition of surfactant lipid secretion. We have investigated the binding of native and modified forms of SP-A to isolated rat alveolar type II cells. Native and deglycosylated forms of SP-A readily competed with 125I-SP-A for cell surface binding. Alkylation of SP-A with excess iodoacetamide yielded forms of SP-A that did not inhibit surfactant lipid secretion and did not compete with 125I-SP-A for cell surface binding. Reductive methylation of SP-A with H2CO and NaCNBH3 yielded forms of SP-A with markedly reduced receptor binding activity that also exhibited significantly reduced capacity to inhibit lipid secretion. Modification of SP-A with cyclohexanedione reversibly altered cell surface binding and the activity of SP-A as an inhibitor of lipid secretion. Two monoclonal antibodies that block the function of SP-A as an inhibitor of lipid secretion completely prevented the high affinity binding of SP-A to type II cells. A monoclonal antibody that recognizes epitopes on SP-A but failed to block the inhibition of secretion also failed to completely attenuate high affinity binding to the receptor. Concanavalin A inhibits phospholipid secretion of type II cells by a mechanism that is reversed in the presence of excess alpha-methylmannoside. Concanavalin A did not block the high affinity binding of 125I-SP-A to the receptor. Neither the high affinity binding nor the inhibitor activity of SP-A was prevented by the presence of mannose or alpha-methylmannoside. The SP-A derived from humans with alveolar proteinosis is a potent inhibitor of surfactant lipid secretion but failed to completely displace 125I-SP-A binding from type II cells. From these data we conclude that: 1) cell surface binding activity of rat SP-A is directly related to its capacity to inhibit surfactant lipid secretion; 2) monoclonal antibodies directed against SP-A can be used to map binding domains for the receptor; 3) the lectin activity of SP-A against mannose ligands does not appear to be essential for cell surface binding; 4) concanavalin A does not compete with SP-A for receptor binding; and 5) the human SP-A derived from individuals with alveolar proteinosis exhibits different binding characteristics from rat SP-A.
authors.affiliation: Lord and Taylor Laboratory for Lung Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuroki
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Voelker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008358:Mannose / Q000494:pharmacology; D008745:Methylation; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D011510:Proteolipids / Q000502:physiology*; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; D037661:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D010743:Phospholipids; D011510:Proteolipids; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; D037661:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D003208:Concanavalin A; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D008358:Mannose