title: Antidiuretic effects of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor agonists microinjected into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in a water-loaded and ethanol-anesthetized rat.
abstract: Effects of catecholamines microinjected into the paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus on urine outflow in a rat which was loaded with water and anesthetized with ethanol were studied. L-Norepinephrine, L-epinephrine and L-isoproterenol induced potent antidiuresis with similar time courses to each other. The ED50 values for L-norepinephrine, L-epinephrine and L-isoproterenol were approximately 5, 10 and 5 nmol, respectively. The D-isomer of isoproterenol demonstrated no significant antidiuretic activity. The effect of L-norepinephrine was inhibited strongly by premicroinjection of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor antagonists. The effect of DL-isoproterenol was inhibited strongly by beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, but not affected by alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist. Premicroinjection of a muscarinic antagonist, atropine, partially inhibited anti-diuretic effects induced by L-norepinephrine and DL-isoproterenol. Visceral functions other than urine outflow such as mean blood pressure, respiration rate, heart rate and rectal temperature were not significantly altered when the urine outflow decreased down to 20-30% of the control by microinjection of L-norepinephrine and DL-isoproterenol. The results demonstrated that stimulation of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor in the paraventricular nucleus induced potent antidiuretic effects, partial inhibition of which by atropine suggested a possible presynaptic facilitation of the release of ACh by the stimulation of the adrenoceptors.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsushima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D010286:Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects*; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013495:Supraoptic Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine; D000431:Ethanol; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D001285:Atropine; D011433:Propranolol