The role of specific ions in glutamate neurotoxicity.
When the chick embryo retina is incubated in balanced salt solution containing glutamate (Glu) in 1 mM concentration, a neurodegenerative reaction occurs within 30 min. Here we report that the neurotoxic action of Glu on retinal neurons is dependent on the presence of Na+ and Cl-, but not Ca2+, in the incubation medium. Also, we report that depolarizing concentrations of K+ can induce a severe cytotoxic reaction in chick retina which, like the depolarization-linked neurotoxicity of Glu, is a Cl- dependent phenomenon.
Olney
J W
JW
Price
M T
MT
Samson
L
L
Labruyere
J
J
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005971:Glutamates / Q000633:toxicity*; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D009336:Necrosis; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012964:Sodium / Q000633:toxicity
D002712:Chlorides; D005971:Glutamates; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D012964:Sodium; D002118:Calcium