title: Interleukin 1, a mediator of immunoadjuvant peptidoglycans.
abstract: Bacterial peptidoglycans and the synthetic analog muramyl dipeptide possess various immunomodulating properties (adjuvant effect, increase of resistance to infectious agents and to tumor growth). They are able to induce B cell activation and to stimulate macrophages to produce monokines such as Interleukin 1 (IL 1). IL 1 plays an essential role in immune response. It promotes thymocytes maturation and Interleukin 2 secretion by antigen sensitive T cells, which in turn triggers regulatory T cells. Moreover, it is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. There is a correlation between the immunoenhancing effect of PG of a definite structure and their ability to induce IL 1 secretion. Non-adjuvant PG were inactive. This suggests that one of the major mechanisms of action of adjuvant PG could be the stimulation of IL 1 synthesis.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guenounou
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vacheron
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nauciel
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine