Unrecognized drug dependence and withdrawal in the elderly.
The clinical diagnosis of drug abuse is frequently omitted from the differential diagnosis of transient fevers, arrhythmias and changes in mental status in the elderly despite the high risk of iatrogenic dependence in this age group. In pursuit of symptomatic relief from unrecognized depressions and from the chronic ailments of advancing age, the elderly receive many medications from numerous physicians. Therapeutic interventions are often duplicated or contradictory and result in the co-administration of tranquilizers, sedatives and analgesics. The result may be dependence which the patient and physician fail to recognize or to diagnose in the presence of withdrawal symptoms. In this report we present two such cases.
Miller
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Whitcup
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Sacks
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Lynch
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D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D001569:Benzodiazepines