title: Synergy of antiviral actions of TNF and IFN-gamma: evidence for a major role of TNF-induced IFN-beta.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) potentiates the antiviral activity of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) directly and through induction of IFN-beta in HEp-2 cells. Antibody to IFN-beta inhibits a large component of the TNF and IFN-gamma synergy and immunoreactive IFN-beta can be detected in the supernatant fluids of TNF-treated HEp-2 cells. Furthermore, the kinetics of development of this synergy and its susceptibility to inhibition by antibody to IFN-beta is demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kaspar
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Coppenhaver
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus
chemical_list: D007369:Interferon Inducers; D007370:Interferon Type I; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma