title: Osmoregulation of the cane toad, Bufo marinus, in salt water.
abstract: Adult cane toads, B. marinus, survived in salinities up to 40% sea-water (SW). Pre-exposure to 30, then 40% SW, increased the survival time of toads in 50% SW. Plasma from toads acclimated to salt water is hyperosmotic to the environment--a result of increased plasma sodium, chloride and urea concentrations. When toads were placed in tap-water and 20% SW, all significant changes to plasma sodium, chloride, urea and osmotic pressure occurred within the first 2 days of exposure. When toads were placed in 30 and 40% SW environments, the increases in plasma sodium and chloride concentrations occurred within the first 2 days of exposure while urea and total osmotic pressure continued to rise until some time between 2 and 7 days exposure.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Liggins
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Grigg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002024:Bufo marinus / Q000502:physiology*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D012623:Seawater; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014508:Urea; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium