title: Adrenergic induction of HSV-1 ocular shedding in rabbits.
abstract: Four groups of latently infected rabbits were induced to shed HSV-1 into the tear film by a one-time ocular iontophoresis of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HD) followed 3 days later by five consecutive days of twice daily topical epinephrine (Epi). Groups 1 and 4 had both eyes inoculated and Groups 2 and 3 had only one eye inoculated. Groups 1 and 2 had eyes swabbed to detect HSV-1, and Groups 3 and 4 had eyes washed. Group 1 was iontophoresed with 1.0% 6-HD at 0.5 mAmp for 5 min, and Groups 2, 3 and 4 were iontophoresed with 0.1% 6-HD at 0.75 mAmp for 5 min. Group 1 received topical 2.0% Epi, and Groups 2, 3, and 4 received topical 1.0% Epi. Inoculated eyes in all groups shed HSV-1 during the induction period. The peak of HSV-1 shedding occurred on the last day of Epi application for Groups 1 and 2, and on the day after the last Epi application for Groups 3 and 4. The ratio of total positive tear film samples to total samples for inoculated eyes that received 6-HD and Epi were 53/119 (45%), 38/87 (44%), 24/66 (36%), and 14/33 (42%) for Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Therefore, even reduced concentrations of 6-HD and Epi, as well as beginning Epi 3 days after 6-HD, induced HSV-1 ocular shedding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, School of Medicine, Augusta.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: McLendon
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Gangarosa
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005123:Eye / Q000382:microbiology*; D006892:Hydroxydopamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007478:Iontophoresis; D007635:Keratitis, Dendritic / Q000209:etiology; D016627:Oxidopamine; D011817:Rabbits; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013666:Tears / Q000382:microbiology; D014775:Virus Activation
chemical_list: D006892:Hydroxydopamines; D016627:Oxidopamine; D004837:Epinephrine