title: Variant embryonal carcinoma cells lacking SSEA-1 and Forsmann antigens remain developmentally pluripotent.
abstract: Six embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines that are resistant to the cytotoxic, galactose-specific lectin abrin were isolated from mutagenized populations of either PSA-1 or F9 cells. The LD10 for each of the variant lines was at least 150-fold greater than that for parental cells. Indirect cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that all of the variant cell lines lacked both Stage Specific Embryonic Antigen-1 (SSEA-1, less than 1% of wild-type levels) and Forsmann antigen (less than 5% of wild-type levels). When abrin-resistant cells were fused to previously isolated SSEA-1-negative cells (M. J. Rosenstraus (1983), Dev. Biol. 99, 318-323) that express Forsmann antigen, the resulting hybrids expressed SSEA-1. This implies the mutation conferring abrin resistance is in a different gene than that defined by the previously isolated mutation. Thus, we have identified two genes that are required for SSEA-1 expression, one of which also appears to be required for Forsmann antigen expression. The F9-derived variants differentiated into visceral-like or parietal-like endoderm when treated with retinoic acid in the absence or presence of 8-bromo-cAMP, respectively. PSA-1-derived variants formed differentiated teratocarcinomas containing derivatives of all three germ layers. Thus the SSEA-1 and Forsmann haptenic determinants are not required for EC cells to differentiate into a broad spectrum of cell types; nor do they appear to be involved in the cell-cell interactions that are postulated to regulate visceral versus parietal endoderm differentiation.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Buckalew
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sterman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenstraus
mesh_terms: D000036:Abrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015478:Antigens, Heterophile / Q000032:analysis*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004351:Drug Resistance; D054278:Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells; D005577:Forssman Antigen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D005796:Genes; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D016256:Lewis X Antigen; D009154:Mutation; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D013724:Teratoma / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015478:Antigens, Heterophile; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D006017:Glycolipids; D016256:Lewis X Antigen; D000036:Abrin; D005577:Forssman Antigen