title: Expression of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 in nontumorous and tumorous epithelia of the human colon and rectum.
abstract: The expression of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1) in various human colorectal epithelia was examined by an immunohistochemical method. In mucosa remote from the carcinoma, CA 19-9 was not expressed, whereas SSEA-1 was only faintly expressed in lower crypts in all cases. In mucosa adjacent to the carcinoma, CA 19-9 was weakly expressed in upper crypts in 20% of the cases, whereas SSEA-1 was expressed not only in lower crypts in all cases but also in upper crypts in 93.3% of the cases. In adenoma, CA 19-9 was expressed in 80.6% of the cases, and SSEA-1 was expressed in all cases. The expression of both antigens was to some extent related to the degree of cellular atypia. In focal carcinoma in adenoma, CA 19-9 was strongly and diffusely expressed in 50% of the cases, and SSEA-1 was strongly and diffusely expressed in all cases. In advanced carcinoma, CA 19-9 was homogeneously or heterogeneously expressed in 82.2% of the cases, and SSEA-1 was homogeneously or heterogeneously expressed in all cases, but lower intensity of SSEA-1 staining was associated with a decrease in the degree of carcinoma differentiation. These results show that the expression of both CA 19-9 and SSEA-1 changes along with neoplastic transformation and progression in the colon and rectum. Immunohistochemical studies of SSEA-1 in flat colorectal mucosa might be a useful approach for detecting foci with preneoplastic change in the general population, whereas those of SSEA-1 and CA 19-9 could be a useful method for detecting focal carcinoma in adenoma.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimosato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teshima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kodaira
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000276:immunology*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000276:immunology*; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D016256:Lewis X Antigen; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D012007:Rectum / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D006017:Glycolipids; D016256:Lewis X Antigen