title: Biotin effects on fatty acid synthesis in chicks.
abstract: Data are summarized from several papers on the effects of biotin deficiency on lipid metabolism, especially fatty acid synthesis, in chicks. Biotin deficiency inhibits in vivo lipogenesis and hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) activity. Although acetate incorporation into fatty acids is inhibited in biotin-deficient chicks, malonate incorporation is not inhibited. In fact, dietary malonic acid stimulates lipogenesis during biotin deficiency as measured by total carcass fatty acid content. Biotin-deficient chicks exhibit altered hepatic and whole body fatty acid composition in comparison with control chicks. The deficiency results in an increased proportion of the 16-carbon to 18-carbon fatty acids, and the most striking increase is for palmitoleic (16:1) acid. Biotin deficiency increases the relative incorporation of palmitate and stearate into phospholipids and decreases the relative incorporation of these fatty acids into triglycerides. Finally, mercury stimulates lipogenesis in biotin-deficient, but not in control, chicks by an unknown mechanism.
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Donaldson
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D019342:Acetic Acid; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001710:Biotin / Q000172:deficiency*; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008314:Malonates / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D008314:Malonates; D001710:Biotin; C030290:malonic acid; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; D019342:Acetic Acid