title: Progressive adaptation of the endocrine pancreas during long-term protein deficiency in rats: effects on blood glucose homeostasis and on pancreatic insulin, glucagon and somatostatin concentrations.
abstract: Blood glucose, plasma insulin and glucagon, as well as pancreatic insulin, glucagon and somatostatin contents, were measured in control (C group, 18% casein), deprived (D group, 5% casein) and pair-fed (PF) rats at seven intervals during 23 wk after weaning (wk 0). In C rats, plasma and pancreatic insulin showed parallel variations, in D rats, plasma insulin increased normally until wk 3 after weaning, dropped from wk 3 to 8 and was higher in wk 16 and 23 than in wk 8, while pancreatic insulin increased linearly after a significant drop between wk 0 and 1. Insulin variations in D rats were related to protein deficiency until wk 5, but only to energy deficiency thereafter. Circulating and pancreatic glucagon dropped identically for the three groups until wk 5: its role in adaptation to malnutrition is quite irrelevant, although a dysregulation of its secretion was noted. Protein-energy malnutrition induced an increase of pancreatic somatostatin content that was due to the energy deficiency. On the basis of the insulin-to-glucagon ratio, three phases of adaptation to protein-energy malnutrition appeared. From wk 0 to 3, the metabolic priority was growth, whereas glucose homeostasis was secondary, accounting for the early hypoglycemia. From wk 3 to 8 survival was the main priority. After wk 8, the various biochemical parameters stabilized, and growth was parallel to that of normal animals. Protein-energy malnutrition was responsible for a dissociated adaptation of pancreatic hormones.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dollet
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villaume
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Max
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Debry
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013004:Somatostatin; D005934:Glucagon