title: Effects of inhalation of red phosphorus/butyl rubber combustion products on aveolar macrophage responses in rats.
abstract: The effects of inhalation of red phosphorus/butyl rubber (RP/BR) used as an obscurant smoke in tactical environments was examined. Sprague-Dawley male rats were exposed to 1000 mg/m3 of RP/BR for 3.5 h in single exposures, while in subsequent intermediate and subchronic studies the animals were exposed to concentrations ranging from 300 to 1200 mg/m3 for 2.25 h/day, 4 consecutive days/week for 4 and 13 weeks, respectively. Pulmonary bactericidal activity to inhaled [35S]-Klebsiella pneumoniae was depressed after the acute and the 13-week subchronic exposures but was unchanged after the 4-week exposures. The pulmonary free cells collected by lavage showed decreasing trends in total numbers, increased ATP levels and decreased ectoenzyme activity for 5'-nucleotidase after most of the exposures. Mild-to-moderate-to-severe terminal broncheolar fibrosis was observed in all rats after 4- and 13-week exposures to greater than or equal to 750 mg/m3 of RP/BR. The severity of the lesions increased with the severity of the exposure conditions. Except for the fibrosis, most changes were reversible.
authors.affiliation: IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL 60616.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aranyi
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Vana
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Bradof
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sherwood
mesh_terms: D015720:5'-Nucleotidase; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000032:analysis; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000473:pathology; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D020724:Elastomers; D005355:Fibrosis; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009708:Nucleotidases / Q000032:analysis; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000633:toxicity*; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012408:Rubber / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D020724:Elastomers; D010758:Phosphorus; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D012408:Rubber; C017098:butyl rubber; D009708:Nucleotidases; D015720:5'-Nucleotidase