title: A role for the kallikrein-kinin system in the regulation of osmotic water permeability in the toad bladder.
abstract: Captopril (CA), a specific inhibitor of kininase II, did not alter osmotic water permeability (Posm) when present in the mucosal bath of the urinary bladder isolated from the toad Bufo arenarum at a concentration of 2.3 X 10(-3) M. This treatment, however, caused a 65% enhancement in the increase in Posm following serosal exposure to vasopressin, oxytocin or theophylline, agents that increase intracellular cyclic AMP levels. The effect of captopril was prevented by procedures that reduce the kallikrein (KK)-like alkaline esterase activity present in the bladder (such as simultaneous exposure to 2.3 X 10(-5) M aprotinin, or pretreatment of the toads with 0.1 N NaCl for several days before the experiment) or by replacing the mucosal bath with fresh solution of identical composition after exposure to captopril. In contrast, changing the serosal bath did not alter the effect of the drug. These results are consistent with an effect of CA at a step beyond cAMP generation, and suggest it is mediated by release of a soluble factor, probably a kinin, into the mucosal bath. These observations, together with data previously published, suggest that the KK-kinin system may participate in the control of epithelial water and electrolyte permeability in the toad bladder. In particular, under environmental stress, it may become important in the regulation of the animal's extracellular fluid volume, thus exhibiting an adaptive value.
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Orce
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Castillo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002022:Bufo arenarum; D002216:Captopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D007705:Kinins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010539:Permeability; D013806:Theophylline / Q000494:pharmacology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007705:Kinins; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D010121:Oxytocin; D002216:Captopril; D013806:Theophylline; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D007610:Kallikreins