Sarafotoxin, a novel vasoconstrictor peptide: phosphoinositide hydrolysis in rat heart and brain.
Sarafotoxins, a group of 21-residue cardiotoxic peptides from snake venom that induce coronary vasoconstriction, show high-affinity binding to rat atrial and brain membranes and activate the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides. Neither their binding nor their activity is affected by blockers or activators of known receptors and ion channels, suggesting that sarafotoxins act either directly on the phosphoinositide phosphodiesterase system or on a novel receptor. Their amino acid sequence shows a high degree of homology with that of endothelin, a recently described 21-residue vasoconstrictor peptide found in porcine aortic endothelium. This is remarkable, since endothelin is a natural compound of the mammalian vascular system while sarafotoxins are highly toxic components of snake venom.
Kloog
Y
Y
Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Ambar
I
I
Sokolovsky
M
M
Kochva
E
E
Wollberg
Z
Z
Bdolah
A
A
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D016232:Endothelins; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007294:Inositol / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D014757:Viper Venoms / Q000378:metabolism*
D016232:Endothelins; D010455:Peptides; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D014757:Viper Venoms; C057354:sarafotoxins s6; D007294:Inositol; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D002118:Calcium