title: Effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine on polyamine biosynthesis and tyrosine hydroxylase induction in the adrenal gland of the rat subjected to stress or apomorphine.
abstract: Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the first enzymes in the polyamine and catecholamine biosynthetic pathways, respectively, are induced in the adrenal gland of the rat through the application of stressors or dopamine agonists. In the present work, following exposure of rats to cold, application of bodily restraint, or administration of apomorphine (APM), adrenal putrescine increased in proportion to the induction of ODC. Spermidine content increased by 60% after APM and about 30% after immobilization. Spermine was unaffected. To test whether the increases of ODC (and polyamines) are necessary to the slower and later induction of TH, induction of ODC in vivo was undertaken. alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (alpha-DFMO), an irreversible inhibitor of ODC, given orally or subcutaneously, almost completely abolished the induction of ODC by APM or immobilization, and inhibited the increase of putrescine in both cases, but did not affect spermidine after APM. Repeated administration of alpha-DFMO over several days did not affect the induction of adrenal TH. The results question whether increases of adrenal ODC activity and of putrescine are essential for the induction of TH in that gland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ekker
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Sourkes
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003080:Cold Temperature; D000518:Eflornithine; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009952:Ornithine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism*; D065108:Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors; D011073:Polyamines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011700:Putrescine / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D013095:Spermidine / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013096:Spermine / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000378:metabolism; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D065108:Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors; D011073:Polyamines; D013096:Spermine; D009952:Ornithine; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase; D001058:Apomorphine; D013095:Spermidine; D011700:Putrescine; D000518:Eflornithine