title: The alterations of rat brain GABA and glutamine induced by the organophosphorus compound cyolane.
abstract: Levels of the amino acids GABA and glutamine were determined in the whole brain of the white albino rat Rattus norvegicus after daily injection of 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 and 1/100 LD50 of cyolane. With 1/2 LD50 an increase in the level of both GABA and glutamine in the brain was recorded. Dose levels of 1/4 and 1/8 LD50 caused an increase in the level of GABA and a decrease in glutamine concentration followed by an increase from the 7th and 11th days for 1/4 and 1/8 LD50, respectively. The induced increase in GABA level started from the 2nd week for 1/16 and 1/32 LD50 and from the 3rd week for 1/100 LD50. Dose levels of 1/16, 1/32 and 1/100 LD50 caused a fluctuating increase in glutamine concentration starting from the 2nd, 3rd and 6th weeks, respectively, which was followed by a fluctuating decrease at the 9th week for 1/32 and 1/100 LD50. These findings support previous findings that the enhanced transformation of glutamic acid to GABA and glutamine is a result of a disturbance in the metabolism of the glutamic acid-GABA and the glutamic acid-glutamine systems in the rat brain.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rawi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D005973:Glutamine; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C002301:phosfolan