The neuroleptic malignant syndrome: agent and host interaction.
This review comprises an exhaustive analysis of 120 case reports of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) representing the majority of published clinical data on this syndrome. Epidemiological, clinical and biological parameters, as well as those concerning the agent and the treatment of the syndrome, are critically evaluated on the basis of this data. The rate of neuroleptic loading is shown to play a cardinal role in the development of NMS. Rechallenge and aftercare of patients who need anti-psychotic treatment after NMS are considered.
Shalev
A
A
Munitz
H
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000359:Aftercare; D000368:Aged; D017109:Akathisia, Drug-Induced; D000547:Amantadine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001971:Bromocriptine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002230:Carbidopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003620:Dantrolene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009459:Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D001971:Bromocriptine; D000547:Amantadine; D003620:Dantrolene; D006220:Haloperidol; D002230:Carbidopa