title: Role of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in Cl- transport across frog corneal epithelium.
abstract: Norepinephrine, 10(-6) M, reduced Cl- transport by 26% in 75% of isolated frog corneal epithelia. This inhibition was not previously reported. Since beta-adrenergic agonists are known to only stimulate Cl- transport, the action of specific alpha 1- and alpha 2-agonists on Cl- transport and electrical parameters was investigated. Phenylephrine, an alpha 1-agonist always stimulated the Cl(-)-dependent short-circuit current (Isc), but less than the beta-agonists. UK-14,304-18 (UK), a selective alpha 2-agonist, reduced both the Isc (by 31% at 10(-5) M) and the stroma-to-tear unidirectional Cl- flux. UK hyperpolarized the apical membrane potential difference and increased the transepithelial resistance and apical-to-basolateral resistance ratio. UK reduced forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity by 36%. The electrophysiological effects of UK are consistent with a reduction of the Cl- permeability at the apical membrane. Pretreatment with UK sensitized the tissue for a greater effect by forskolin. Results show that the frog corneal epithelium also possesses alpha 1- and alpha 2-receptors, the latter negatively coupled to the adenylate cyclase system. Cl- transport is thus regulated by an interaction between the positive effects of beta- and alpha 1-stimulation and the negative influence of alpha 2-stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York, New York 10029.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Candia
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D018118:Chloride Channels; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism*; D003315:Cornea / Q000502:physiology*; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods; D004848:Epithelium / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008839:Microelectrodes; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011224:Prazosin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011892:Rana catesbeiana; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018118:Chloride Channels; D002712:Chlorides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D010656:Phenylephrine; D015016:Yohimbine; D011433:Propranolol; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D009638:Norepinephrine; D011224:Prazosin