title: Pharmacological effects of nalorphine and nalorphine-7,8-oxide (nalorphine-epoxide): interaction of the intrinsic activity, affinity and pharmacological responses.
abstract: We examined the relationship between the pharmacological effects and the interactions of the receptors of nalorphine and its epoxide. The abilities of nalorphine-epoxide to displace [3H]-dihydromorphine (mu-site) and [3H]-ethylketocyclazocine (kappa-site) were practically equal to those of the parent compound, nalorphine, using binding assay to the rat brain membrane preparations. Furthermore, the affinities of mu- and kappa-receptors are virtually uninfluenced by epoxidation of the 7,8-double bond of nalorphine using electrically stimulated mouse and rabbit vasa deferentia. The intrinsic activity of nalorphine, however, is considerably decreased by epoxidation. Moreover, the antagonistic effect of nalorphine to the morphine-induced antinociception (via mu-receptors) was little influenced by epoxidation, but the antinociceptive effect of nalorphine using the acetic acid writhing test was considerably reduced by epoxidation. These results suggest the presence of a higher receptor capacity for the antinociception mediated through kappa-receptors and that the differences between the pharmacological responses of nalorphine and its epoxide are due to the differences of their intrinsic activities.
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D003496:Cyclazocine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004090:Dihydromorphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016314:Ethylketocyclazocine; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D009269:Nalorphine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D016314:Ethylketocyclazocine; C026843:dynorphin (1-13); D004399:Dynorphins; C047166:nalorphine-7,8-oxide; D004090:Dihydromorphine; D003496:Cyclazocine; D009269:Nalorphine