Receptor-stimulated inositol phospholipid hydrolysis and neural function.
Many transmitters in the brain act by stimulating the hydrolysis of an inositol lipid (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to give diacylglycerol (DG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins1,4,5P3). These two second messengers mark the beginning of a highly versatile signalling system which may have a unique role in modulating neural activity. By mobilizing calcium from intracellular stores, Ins 1,4,5P3 may regulate the calcium set-point thereby effecting both excitability and facilitation. The DG/C-kinase pathway, through its ability to modulate a variety of physiological processes, may regulate both transmitter release and excitability. Some of the changes in excitability seem to depend upon changes in potassium permeability. Receptor-stimulated inositol lipid hydrolysis may thus play a central role in neural function by modulating transmitter release through subtle alterations in excitability.
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D006868:Hydrolysis; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000502:physiology*
C011439:1,2-diacylglycerol; D004075:Diglycerides; D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; C037178:phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D011493:Protein Kinase C