Effect of granulocyte colony stimulating factor on neutropenia induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy.
A phase I/II study of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was undertaken in patients with advanced malignancy receiving melphalan to determine the granulocyte response, side-effects, and pharmacokinetics. Patients received doses of 1-60 micrograms/kg intravenously. There were 3 patients at each dose level. Before chemotherapy the immediate effect of G-CSF was a transient depression in circulating neutrophils followed by a dose-dependent rise. Neutrophil counts up to 80 X 10(9)/l were achieved. G-CSF administration following melphalan reduced the period of neutropenia caused by melphalan. G-CSF was well tolerated and the only clinical observation that appeared related to G-CSF administration was slight bone pain during some infusions. G-CSF was rapidly cleared from the blood with a mean half-life of 110 min for the second phase. Reductions in the number of days of neutropenia following cytotoxic chemotherapy may reduce the morbidity and mortality of chemotherapy.
D000368:Aged; D000380:Agranulocytosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D008558:Melphalan