title: Adverse reactions to benzodiazepine hypnotics: spontaneous reporting system.
abstract: The rates of reported adverse drug reactions involving the central nervous system were compared among patients taking any of three benzodiazepine hypnotics: flurazepam, temazepam, and triazolam. These rates, based upon data collected through the spontaneous reporting system of the Food and Drug Administration, were controlled for the number and size of new prescriptions for each drug. In general, triazolam had much higher overall rates than did the other two drugs. Hyperexcitability and withdrawal effects were greatest for triazolam and least for flurazepam. Amnesia was reported almost exclusively with triazolam. Rates for other cognitive as well as affective and other behavioral effects were also much greater for triazolam and about equal for the other two drugs. Finally, daytime sedation was reported slightly more for flurazepam than triazolam and least for temazepam which was also reported most frequently as lacking hypnotic effect.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005479:Flurazepam / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D012737:Sex Factors; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000523:psychology; D013693:Temazepam / Q000009:adverse effects; D014229:Triazolam / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D014229:Triazolam; D013693:Temazepam; D005479:Flurazepam