title: Effect of choline-deficiency and methotrexate administration on peroxisomal beta-oxidation, palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activity and the glutathione content in rat liver.
abstract: Hepatic metabolism of long-chain fatty acids was studied in male rats fed a defined choline-deficient (CD) diet with and without choline and after methotrexate (MTX) administration. Peroxisomal beta-oxidation was increased approximately 4-fold in the peroxisome-enriched fraction of CD-fed animals, whereas the catalase activity was increased 1.3-fold. The urate oxidase activity was marginally affected. The CD-fed rats also revealed elevated capacity for hydrolysis of palmitoyl-CoA in the cytosolic fraction (2.0-fold), whereas the microsomal palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activity was decreased. Notably, the increased peroxisomal beta-oxidation, the catalase activity and palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activities (the membrane-bounded and cytosolic) were almost fully prevented by adding choline to the CD-diet. Thus, the change in these enzyme activities appears to be a consequence of a choline-deficiency provoked by the CD diet. MTX administration of normal fed rats (ND diet) had no effects on the peroxisomal beta-oxidation, catalase activity and urate oxidase activity. MTX treatment of the ND-fed animals, however, increased the mitochondrial palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activity and decreased the microsomal enzyme activity. As choline-deficiency and MTX increased the hepatic lipid level, the overall results suggest that fat accumulation is not an 'induction signal' for increased peroxisomal beta-oxidation. The CD diet alone increased the reduced glutathione content in liver, whereas MTX did not significantly change this level. Whether the changes of H2O2-generating peroxisomal oxidation of long-chain fatty acids may be an important step in a chain of events, which eventually results in tumour formation by choline-deficiency, should be considered.
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002796:Choline Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008830:Microbodies / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010170:Palmitoyl-CoA Hydrolase / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012016:Reference Values; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D000217:Acyltransferases; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases; D010170:Palmitoyl-CoA Hydrolase; D005978:Glutathione; D008727:Methotrexate