title: Differential uptake of isomeric 2-bromohydroquinone-glutathione conjugates into kidney slices.
abstract: 2-Bromo-(diglutathion-Syl)hydroquinone (2-Br-[diGSyl]HQ) is a more potent nephrotoxicant than any of three mono-substituted isomers. The reason for this differential toxicity is unknown. We now report that the rate of uptake of 2-Br-(diGSyl)HQ, 2-Br-3-(GSyl)HQ, 2-Br-5-(GSyl)-HQ and 2-Br-6(GSyl)HQ by kidney slices was 2.4, 1.2, 1.0 and 0.3 nmoles/mg/10 min, respectively. AT-125 (0.5 mM) inhibited gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in intact and homogenized kidney slices by 47% and 92%, respectively and decreased the accumulation of the isomeric [35S]-conjugates by 49%, 21%, 25% and 30%, respectively. The data suggest that the accumulation of 2-Br-(GSyl)HQ conjugates into isolated kidney slices may in part be mediated by GGT and that the more extensive renal uptake of the di-substituted conjugate may be partially responsible for its enhanced nephrotoxicity. In addition, 2-Br-(diGSyl)HQ gave rise to the most covalently bound material of the different isomers studied suggesting that both physiological and biochemical factors contribute to the potent and selective nephrotoxicity of this compound.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006873:Hydroquinones; C042377:2-bromohydroquinone; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005978:Glutathione