title: Fever in snails, reflection on a negative result.
abstract: 1. Groups of aquatic snails (Limnaea auricularia) were placed in a temperature gradient and their thermopreferendum measured. 2. Injected with various amounts of killed Escherichia coli, bacterial endotoxin, human interleukin, and prostaglandin E1, E2 and F2 alpha, they did not develop a fever. 3. High doses of prostaglandins were toxic. 4. These results suggest that fever appeared in the course of evolution after the emergence of molluscs and before that of arthropods.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D001831:Body Temperature; D005334:Fever / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008195:Lymnaea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011749:Pyrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D011749:Pyrogens