title: The role of epinephrine as a neuromodulator in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: The present study was carried out to elucidate the role of epinephrine as a neuromodulator in hypertension. The effects of epinephrine on norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nerve endings were examined in isolated perfused mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Norepinephrine overflow during electrical nerve stimulation (5, 15 Hz) was significantly greater in SHR than in WKY. Low concentration of exogenous epinephrine (5.5 X 10(-9) M) potentiated norepinephrine overflow during nerve stimulation in SHR, and this (at 15 Hz stimulation) was antagonized by propranolol (5.0 x 10(-7) M), whereas, the overflow in WKY was reduced by the same concentration of epinephrine. A higher concentration of epinephrine (1.4 x 10(-8) M) decreased norepinephrine overflow in both SHR and WKY, and this change (at 15 Hz stimulation) was antagonized by yohimbine (1.0 x 10(-7) M). Further, magnitudes of the suppressions were smaller in SHR than in WKY. These results suggest that altered modulations of norepinephrine release by epinephrine through presynaptic beta- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors might induce increased sympathetic nerve activity in SHR.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D015016:Yohimbine; D011433:Propranolol; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine