title: The effects of adrenergic, opioid and pancreatic polypeptidergic compounds on feeding and other behaviors in neonatal leghorn chicks.
abstract: The present study examined the effects of intracerebral (IC) administration of pancreatic polypeptide (PP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), norepinephrine (NE), dynorphin and naloxone on food intake in 2-day-old Leghorn chicks. Of the compounds studied, only PP (20 micrograms) and naloxone (10 and 20 micrograms) elevated food intake significantly as compared to saline injections. NPY, a potent orexigenic agent in mammals, did not elevate consumption significantly in a dose-related fashion. This latter finding was attributed to the occurrence of tonic-clonic convulsions following NPY administration. However, for those chicks which did not exhibit behavioral convulsions, food intake appeared to be elevated by 1, 5 and 10 micrograms of NPY. Similarly, NE did not elevate food intake but instead induced sedation and narcolepsy, a behavioral response which could be distinguished from the convulsions observed after NPY. In a separate group of chicks, the effect of NPY on cortical activity was examined. Bipolar electrodes were used to record EEG activity before and after IC injections of saline, NPY or NE. The behavioral convulsions induced by NPY corresponded with an increase in high amplitude sharp-wave activity, which persisted for up to 30 min post-injection. Collectively, these results suggest that the neurochemical substrates for feeding in 2-day-old Leghorn chicks are distinct from those underlying food intake in adult mammals.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002645:Chickens; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010191:Pancreatic Polypeptide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D009270:Naloxone; D010191:Pancreatic Polypeptide; D004399:Dynorphins; D009638:Norepinephrine