title: Analgesic and respiratory effects of extradural sufentanil in volunteers and the influence of adrenaline as an adjuvant.
abstract: The effects of extradural sufentanil 50 micrograms were investigated in 10 normal volunteers. Eight of these were studied at a second session when adrenaline 1:200,000 was added to the sufentanil. Well-defined segmental analgesia developed rapidly after plain sufentanil and lasted approximately 3 h. Respiration was depressed for about the same period and was greatest in the first 2 h, as shown by a 15% increase in PECO2, while the slope and VE50 of the carbon dioxide response curve were depressed by 45% and 55%, respectively. Moderate drowsiness occurred in most subjects, while other side effects of itching, nausea and urinary retention occurred less frequently and were not severe. Addition of adrenaline 1:200,000 intensified segmental analgesia and prolonged duration to 5 h, while side effects were lessened. It is concluded that extradural sufentanil shows considerable promise for clinical use, and that the risk: benefit ratio is improved by adding adrenaline 1:200,000.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D008297:Male; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects*; D017409:Sufentanil
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D017409:Sufentanil; D005283:Fentanyl; D004837:Epinephrine