title: Human-immunodeficiency-virus infections in infants negative for anti-HIV by enzyme-linked immunoassay.
abstract: Of 85 children with human-immuno-deficiency-virus (HIV) infection based on clinical (opportunistic infection), epidemiological (mother a drug addict or known to be HIV infected), and immunological (helper-T-cell deficiency and impaired proliferative response to pokeweed mitogen) features, 9 were found to lack antibody to HIV as measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). All 9 children had detectable levels of HIV antigen in simultaneous plasma specimens, measured by a sensitive antigen-capture ELISA. The use of the western blot assay and an ELISA with recombinant HIV antigens was able to identify HIV infection in 4 of the 9 children.
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015488:HIV Antigens; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015488:HIV Antigens; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic