Mother-to-offspring transmission of human T cell leukemia virus type I in rabbits.
We studied the mode of natural transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in rabbits. Four virus-infected rabbits (2 males and 2 females) were individually mated with 4 noninfected rabbits. Two virus-infected females mated with noninfected males gave birth to 7 offspring, and 2 noninfected females mated with infected males delivered 5 offspring. Four of the seven offspring born to the virus-infected mothers seroconverted for HTLV-I when aged 6 to 13 weeks with antibody titers of 1:40 to 1:160. None of the five offspring born to the noninfected mothers became seropositive during the observation period of 6 months, however. Peripheral lymphocytes were cultured with T cell growth factor, and HTLV-I-carrying lymphoid cell lines were established from the four seroconverted rabbits. All four cell lines were of T cells positive for Ia antigens. In addition, none of five newborn rabbits killed immediately after birth to a virus-infected rabbit was infected with HTLV-I. These findings provide an experimental support for the milkborne transmission of HTLV-I from mother to child in humans and indicate that the virus is tropic for T cells in rabbits as well.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D017977:Deltaretrovirus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology; D006800:Deltaretrovirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000635:transmission*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000382:microbiology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology; D011817:Rabbits
D000914:Antibodies, Viral