Treatment of lethal pertussis vaccine reaction with histamine H1 antagonists.
We studied mortality after pertussis immunization in the mouse. Without treatment, 73 of 92 animals (80%) died after injection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on day +7 of pertussis immunization. After pretreatment with 3 mg of cyproheptadine, 2 mg mianserin, or 2 mg chlorpheniramine, only 5 of 105 animals (5%) died after receiving BSA on day +7 (p less than 0.001). Blockade of histamine H1 receptors may reduce mortality in pertussis immunization-induced encephalopathy in mice.
D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003533:Cyproheptadine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000009:adverse effects
D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D003533:Cyproheptadine