Tricyclic epines. Novel (E)- and (Z)-11H-dibenz[b,e]azepines as potential central nervous system agents. Variation of the basic side chain.
The synthesis and pharmacological activity of new (E),(Z)-[6-(alkylamino)-11H-dibenz[b,e]azepin-11- ylidene]acetonitriles 12-45 and (E),(Z)-[6-(aminoalkoxy)-11H-dibenz[b,e]azepin-11-ylidene] acetonitriles 46-51 are described. The introduction of the cyanomethylene group into the 11-position of the 11H-dibenz[b,e]azepine framework has been carried out by a Wittig-Horner reaction under mild conditions. The (E),(Z) isomers were separated by fractional crystallization, assignment being achieved by X-ray analysis. A number of (E),(Z)-[6-(alkylamino)-11H-dibenz-[b,e]azepin-11-ylidene] acetonitriles (12, 14, 16, 20) show potent neuroleptic activity (2-7 times that of clozapine) in animal tests. The screening included tests for sedative and anticholinergic activity in mice, apomorphine and tryptamine antagonism in rats, and muscle-relaxing activity in rabbits. The divergence in the activity profile in the case of the separated (E),(Z) isomers has been observed as an interesting new aspect: the (Z) isomers show a significantly higher sedative and muscle-relaxant activity, whereas the (E) isomers possess a higher anticholinergic efficacy and somewhat greater apomorphine antagonism. Broad changes in the basic side chain were made in order to investigate structure-activity relationships. The important geometrical parameters for the molecules, obtained by X-ray analysis, were compared with the corresponding features in dopamine agonists and antagonists.
D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003984:Dibenzazepines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003984:Dibenzazepines