title: Reciprocal regulation of antral gastrin and somatostatin gene expression by omeprazole-induced achlorhydria.
abstract: Gastric acid exerts a feedback inhibition on the secretion of gastrin from antral G cells. This study examines whether gastrin gene expression is also regulated by changes in gastric pH. Achlorhydria was induced in rats by the gastric H+/K+ ATPase inhibitor, omeprazole (100 mumol/kg). This resulted in fourfold increases in both serum gastrin (within 2 h) and gastrin mRNA levels (after 24 h). Antral somatostatin D cells probably act as chemoreceptors for gastric acid to mediate a paracrine inhibition on gastrin secretion from adjacent G cells. Omeprazole-induced achlorhydria reduced D-cell activity as shown by a threefold decrease in antral somatostatin mRNA levels that began after 24 h. Exogenous administration of the somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 (10 micrograms/kg) prevented both the hypergastrinemia and the increase in gastrin mRNA levels caused by omeprazole-induced achlorhydria. Exogenous somatostatin, however, did not influence the decrease in antral somatostatin mRNA levels seen with achlorhydria. These data, therefore, support the hypothesis that antral D cells act as chemoreceptors for changes in gastric pH, and modulates somatostatin secretion and synthesis to mediate a paracrine inhibition on gastrin gene expression in adjacent G cells.
mesh_terms: D000126:Achlorhydria / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D005755:Gastrins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009853:Omeprazole; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005755:Gastrins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013004:Somatostatin; D009853:Omeprazole