title: Synthesis of a series of compounds related to betaxolol, a new beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist with a pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profile optimized for the treatment of chronic cardiovascular diseases.
abstract: A series of para-substituted phenoxypropanolamines has been synthesized and tested for beta-adrenoceptor blocking activity. Some derivatives (8, 11, 12, 20, 21) exhibited greater in vitro potency than the reference drugs metoprolol and propranolol. This series, in contrast to propranolol but similar to metoprolol, possesses cardioselectivity. The 3-[p-[(cycloalkylmethoxy)ethyl]phenoxy]-1-substituted-amino-2-prop anol derivatives 8 (cyclopropylmethoxyethyl: betaxolol) and 11 (cyclobutylmethoxyethyl) produced antihypertensive effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Betaxolol (Kerlon, 8) was found to exhibit an appropriate preclinical pharmacological and human pharmacokinetic profile (elevated oral bioavailability and prolonged plasma half-life) for the treatment of chronic cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and angina.
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015784:Betaxolol; D001711:Biotransformation; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011893:Rana esculenta; D051381:Rats; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011412:Propanolamines; D015784:Betaxolol