title: Alpha-adrenergic inhibition of rat cerebellar Purkinje cells in vitro: a voltage-clamp study.
abstract: 1. The effects of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine on the membrane properties of Purkinje cells were analysed in sagittal slices of adult rat cerebellum by the use of intracellular recordings performed at a somatic level in the single-electrode voltage-clamp mode. 2. In preliminary current-clamp experiments, clonidine elicited in all cells a hyperpolarization 3-8 mV in amplitude, accompanied by a 15-35% increase of the input resistance when it was added to the bath at a concentration of 2-5 microM. 3. In voltage-clamped cells at a potential of -65 mV. the same concentration of clonidine always induced an outward shift of the holding current (0.2-0.5 nA in amplitude), thus corresponding to the hyperpolarization seen in current-clamp experiments, and this effect was accompanied by a clear increase of membrane resistance. Furthermore, clonidine markedly depressed the inward relaxations induced by hyperpolarizing commands of amplitude less than 10-20 mV whereas those induced by larger steps were much less affected. All these effects of clonidine were reversible when the drug was washed out. 4. When the slices were bathed in a medium containing 10 mM-Cs and 5 X 10(-6) M-tetrodotoxin, the inward relaxations induced by hyperpolarizing steps were abolished. However, a small inward current was still present when the membrane potential was stepped back to -65 mV, which was in turn blocked by the Ca-channel blocker Cd. This inward Ca current was also blocked by 2-5 microM-clonidine in the bath. 5. All these effects of clonidine were abolished by the alpha 1-adrenergic antagonists prazosin and phentolamine at concentrations of 0.5 and 40 microM respectively in the bath. In contrast, they were only weakly antagonized or unaffected by 2 microM of the alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine. 6. On the basis of these results and of a previous work on the ionic basis of the inward rectification of Purkinje cells (Crepel & Penit-Soria, 1986), it appears that these neurones exhibit a well developed alpha (possibly alpha 1)-adrenergic inhibition of a low-threshold Ca conductance and a Ca-dependent K conductance operating near resting potential.
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D003000:Clonidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D010646:Phentolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011224:Prazosin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002104:Cadmium; D015016:Yohimbine; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D003000:Clonidine; D002118:Calcium; D011224:Prazosin; D010646:Phentolamine